2022年中考英语语法专题冠词专题复习学案

这是一份2022年中考英语语法专题冠词专题复习学案，共5页。
基本用法
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①泛指某一类人或物。
A hrse is a useful animal.马是有用的动物。
②表示数量“一”，相当于ne或each。
I wuld like a cup f cffee.我想要一杯咖啡。
③用于第一次提到的人或事物的名词前。
There is a tree in frnt f my huse. 我的房前有一棵树。
④用于表示时间、速度、价格等意义的名词之前，有“每一”的意思，相当于every。
three times a week每周三次
⑤用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。
I want t have a third try. 我想再试一次。
= 6 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑥用于可视为一个整体的两个名词前。
a knife and frk 一副刀叉
用于固定搭配中
a lt f 许多 a srt/kind f一种 at a time一次 in a hurry匆忙
take a walk散步 have a rest 休息 have a cld 患感冒 in a mment 立刻 in a wrd 总之 as a result 因此 fr a while 一会儿 as a result结果 all f a sudden 突然 have a lk/try看一看/试一试 have a gd time玩得愉快
make a living谋生 What a pity! 真可惜！ wait a minute等一下
不定冠词a和an的区别
★an用在以元音音素开头的单词前
同步练习：
( )1. --Yu’ve drpped ____ “s” in the wrd “necessary”.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )2. Hide-and-seek is ______interesting game fr children.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )3. —Is he ______ American r ______ Eurpean? —Neither. In fact, he is frm Australia.
A. an; an B. a; an C. an; a D. a; a
( )4.Dn’t tell a lie. Yu are _____hnest by.
a B. an C. the D. /
A a
an apple; an artist; an actr; an Asian cuntry； an American girl
E e
an exciting jb; an egg；an eleven­year­ld by
a Eurpean cuntry
I i
an idea; an interesting stry
O
an range pen; an ld man; an utging girl
a ne-year-ld by
U u
an unhappy girl; an umbrella；
an ugly man; an unusual stry
a useful bk; a university ;
a UFO； a usual day;
H h
an hnest by; an hnur; an hur
a happy day; a hill
( )5. These days, the Internet culture is such ______ imprtant part f sciety that it has even
influenced ur way f thinking.
A.a B. an C. the D. /
( )6. What _____pity that yu culdn’t g t the party!
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )7. My grandfather usually takes _____walk after breakfast with his pet dg.
a B. an C. the D. /
( )8.The man is driving at 40 kilmeters ______hur.
a B. an C. the D. /
( )9. Althugh Jhn failed again, he wanted t try ______ third time.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
( )10. Take _____umbrella with yu. It’s _____useful tl n rainy days.
an; a B. a; the C. an; the D. the;the
考点二：定冠词the
基本用法
①用于特指某人或某物。
The man in the car is my teacher.坐在车里的那个人是我的老师。
②用在谈话双方都知道的人或物名词前。
The girl is Lucy's sister.这个女孩是露茜的妹妹。
③用于上文已提到的人或物前。（第二次提到）
Nancy has a cat.The cat is very cute.南希有一只猫，这只猫很可爱。
④用在西洋乐器名称前。
She is playing the pian.她正在弹钢琴。
⑤用在序数词和形容词的最高级前（副词最高级前可以省略）。
Tm is the tallest in his class.汤姆在他班上个子最高。
⑥用在世界上独一无二的事物前。
The earth ges arund the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
⑦用在姓氏的复数前，表示“一家人或夫妇二人”。
The Brwns are having dinner.布朗一家正在吃晚饭。
⑧用在某些形容词前表示一类人。
the yung年轻人 the rich富人
⑨用于表示方位、时间的名词前。
In the west 在西方 in the mrning 在早晨 in the 1980s 20世纪80年代
⑩用在江河、湖海、山脉、群岛、国家和党派等名词前，或由普通名词构成的专有名词前。
the Huai River淮河 the United Kingdm英国 the Great Wall长城
用于固定搭配中
at the same time同时 all the time一直 at the age f 在...岁时
with the help f 在...的帮助下 in the end最后 by the way顺便问一句
in the pen air 在野外 in the middle f 在……中间 all the same仍然
in the dark 在黑暗中 tell the truth 说实话 in the way 挡道，碍事
in the past在过去 the number f ……的数量 n the ther hand 另一方面
n the left 在左边 What’s the matter with yu? 你怎么了？
同步练习：
( )1. —D yu knw ______ girl under the tree?
—She is Mary. It’s raining hard and she needs ___ umbrella.
A. the; an B. a; an C. the;／ D. the; a
( )2. _____sun rse at 6：17 this mrning.
A．A B．An C．The D．/
( )3.Lanzhu is ______ capital and largest city f Gansu Prvince.
A．a B．the C．an D．/
( )4. She is really _____ kind persn, and she's always ready t help _____ pr at any time.
A．a; the B．the; the C．a; a D．the; a
( )5. —Mike, why dn't yu turn left? —Lk at _____ sign! It says “N left turn”！
A．the B．a C．an D．/
( )6. Jim started t play _____ vilin when he was five.
a B. an C.the D. /
( ) 7. The Palace Museum is ne f _____mst famus museums in the wrld.
the B.a C. an D. /
( )8. There is _____bk in my backpack. _____bk is very heavy.
a; The B. a; A C. the; A D. the; The
( )9. In ______end, his dream came true because he wrked s hard.
A. a B.an C. the D. /
( )10. --What’s _____matter with yu?--I have _____headache.
A．a; the B．the; the C．/; a D．the; a
考点三：零冠词
基本用法
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①一日三餐、球类运动、语言、学科、棋类、游戏名词前不用冠词。
have breakfast 吃早饭 play basketball 打篮球 play chess 下象棋 speak English讲英语
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②在星期、日期、月份、季节、节日前不用冠词。
n Sunday 在星期天 in March在三月 in spring 在春天 n Natinal Day在国庆节
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③与by连用的交通工具名称前不用冠词。
by train坐火车 by air 乘飞机
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词或名词所有格修饰时不用冠词。
my friend 我的朋友 that student 那个学生 Jim's bike 吉姆的自行车
= 5 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑤人名、地名、机场、称呼、头衔以及大多数大学、公园等专有名词前不用冠词。
China 中国 Jack 杰克 Baiyun Airprt 白云机场 Peking University北京大学 President总统
用于固定搭配中
at hme 在家 g t schl 去上学 have fun 玩得开心 at first/last 首先/最后
in time 及时 n time准时 fr example 例如 in fact事实上
in danger 在危险中 n ft 步行 at night/nn在夜里/中午 watch TV 看电视
day and night日日夜夜 face t face 面对面 step by step 一步一步地
★注意：有无定冠词的区别
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①at the table 在桌子旁 at table 吃饭 = 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②at the schl在学校里 at schl 在上学
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③in the class 在班里 in class 在课堂上 = 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④ in the hspital 在医院里 in hspital 生病住院
= 5 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑤g t the bed 走到床前 g t bed上床睡觉 = 6 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑥the next year 第二年 next year 明年
= 7 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑦in the frnt f 在(内部的)前面 in frnt f 在(外部的)前面
= 8 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑧n the earth 在地球上 n earth 究竟 = 9 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑨by the sea 在海边 by sea 乘船
同步练习：
( )1.Anna’ s hbbies are playing _____ pian and playing ______ basketball.
A. / ; the B. / ; / C. the; / D. the; the
( )2. Lily and Gina are gd friends. They ften have _____ lunch tgether at schl.
A.a B. an C. the D. /
( )3. —Will yu get there by _____ train? —N, I’ll take _____ taxi.
A. / ; a B. a; / C. / ; / D. a; a
( )4.—What are yu ging t d this weekend?—I am ging t have ____ picnic n ____ Sunday.
A. the; an B. an; the C. a; / D. an; /
( )5. It's a wnderful experience and pleasant memry fr them n _____ New Year's Day.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
( )6. Danny’s grandmther is ill in _____hspital. He’ll g there t see her after schl.
an B. the C. a D. /
( )7. --What can yu see in the picture? --A little by is playing ____guitar under the tree. And tw ld men are playing ____chess near him.
A. the;the B. /;the C. the; / D. /;/
( )8. --What ____bad weather it is tday! --Yeah, I can nly stay at hme and play ____vilin.
a; the B.the;/ C. the;the D. /; the
( )9. They made him _______ king． A．a B．the C．an D．／
( )10._______116-year-ld Japanese wman wh still enjys studying ______ maths has been recgnized as the wrld’s ldest persn.
A. The; / B. A; the C. The; the D. An; /