高中英语Lesson 2 War on Plastic Packets课后练习题

LESSON 2　WAR ON PLASTIC PACKETS

[A级——语言点基础练]

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．It really doesn't have to be big. As a matter of fact you should always have realistic (实际的) expectations.

2．This is an innovative (新颖的) approach to language teaching.

3．They will hold a council (委员会) to discuss the proposal.

4．I have trouble using chopsticks (筷子)correctly in China.

5．We packed the books in a large carton (塑料盒)．

6．He loaned the museum his entire collection (收藏品)．

7．If you're a loner, it's time to come out of your shell (贝壳) and make some small talk with a stranger.

8．The first kind of air transportation (运输方式) was the balloon.

9．That piece of dirt (灰尘) is out of your eye now.

10．They can't treat me like that; I'm not going to swallow (吞下) it.

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1．One of the liveliest talks was about the arguments (argue) they had with their parents.

2．The energy shortage of the world results partly from wasteful (waste) use by the industrialized countries.

3．Children will have enough time to catch the school bus, and the husband will never forget to change his dirty (dirt) shirt.

4．Have a handy container prepared, such as a refillable (refill) bottle you can take with you.

5．Our government should strive to launch campaigns to raise people's awareness (aware) of the preservation.

6．In the museum, we can see many ancient collections (collect) related to Confucius.

7．Mr Rose calmly shared his rule in life with all the reporters who were anxiously (anxious) awaiting his reply.

8．These environmentally (environmental) smart ideas will turn your home lawn into a small garden.

9．He struck me as a very serious but friendly (friend) person.

10．Mobile payment has won over consumers (consume) with its convenience.

Ⅲ.选词填空

1．Then his team set out to design a robot that could swing hand to hand along wires hung above the field.

2．Not only is smoking bad for your health；it also runs away with your money.

3．They decided to do away with the rule.

4．Write down your address at the check back please.

5．It was raining and as a result, I wore a hat.

Ⅳ.补全句子

1．It is stupid to make the same mistake twice.

两次犯同样的错误是愚蠢的。

2．He has few friends so that his life is lonely.

他的朋友很少，因此他的生活非常孤单。

3．You can't be too careful when driving.

开车时越小心越好。

4．In times like these, isn't it a good thing to be fat?

这个年头儿，发胖不好么？

5．That sounds fantastic. Where do I go to sign up for that tour?

那听起来好极了。我到哪里去报名参加呢？

[B级——话题语篇练]

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

A

Most of the sandstorms that had swept China last year originated from foreign land, a Chinese official in charge of desertification control said Monday. And the invasions (入侵) could partly explain the frequent sandstorms in the country in recent years despite its achievements in desertification control.

Since the start of last spring, the north and northwestern Chinese regions had been hit by 17 sandstorms, of which, a dozen came from foreign land.

Situated in the central­Asia sandstorm region, one of the world's four largest sandstorm sources, China also suffers from sandstorms from outside the country while being blamed as a sand source to northeast Asia. The other three major sources are in Africa, North America and Australia.

The land suffering from desertification has been decreasing by 7,585 km2 annually in China, and the area of sandy land has also been falling by 1,284 km2 a year.

The shrinkage (收缩) forms a clear contrast to the fact that the land suffering from desertification and sandy feature was added by 10,400 km2 and 3,436 km2 late last century, respectively.

Currently, the desertification land in China makes up 2.64 million km2, accounting for 27.46 percent of the nation's land, and its sandy land totals 1.74 million km2, accounting for 18.1 percent of the country's total.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了去年席卷中国的沙尘暴大多来自国外的事实，并介绍了我国目前土地荒漠化及沙地现状。

1．What does the underlined word “decreasing” mean in Paragraph 4?

A．Going up.　　　　　  B．Going down.

C．Coming from.   D．Taking up.

解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“and the area of sandy land has also been falling by 1,284 km2 a year”可知，沙地面积每年也在减少1,284平方公里，根据句中关键词and和also可知，本句与上句是并列关系，由此可推断出上句中提到的“The land suffering from desertification”也应该是每年减少了7,585平方公里。Going down意为“下降”，符合语境。故选B项。

2．Where do most of the sandstorms in China come from?

A．The northern Chinese regions.

B．The northwestern Chinese regions.

C．Foreign countries.

D．The western part of China.

解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Most of the sandstorms that had swept China last year originated from foreign land, a Chinese official in charge of desertification control said Monday.”可知，席卷中国的沙尘暴大多来自国外。故选C项。

3．Which of the following is believed to be the sand source to northeast Asia?

A．China.   B．Africa.

C．Mongolia.   D．Australia.

解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“China also suffers from sandstorms from outside the country while being blamed as a sand source to northeast Asia”可知，中国被指责为东北亚的沙源。故选A项。

4．In a magazine，the passage may be found in the column of            .

A．entertainment   B．health

C．education   D．environment

解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Most of the sandstorms that had swept China last year originated from foreign land, a Chinese official in charge of desertification control said Monday.”可知，文章介绍了去年席卷中国的沙尘暴大多来自国外的事实。再根据最后一段中的“Currently, the desertification land in China makes up 2.64 million km2, accounting for 27.46 percent of the nation's land”可知，文章介绍了我国目前土地荒漠化及沙地现状，而土地荒漠化及沙地现象都与环境有关，所以本篇文章应该出现在杂志中的“环境”专栏。故选D项。

B

Rachel Carson was concerned about what was happening to the environment. So in her book Silent Spring, she warned that some chemicals were poisoning the air, the water, the earth, and all its creatures. She imagined a time when spring would not bring the rebirth of flowers, trees, and the songs of birds. The book became a bestseller, and Ms Carson was in great demand as a speaker. People listened to her because what she said made sense, and because she was a scientist who knew her facts.

Rachel Carson was primarily interested in the world of sea and shore, so she became a marine biologist for the government. She studied and recorded facts about the sea's plant and animal life, their special characteristics, and the nature of their environments. In 1951, she wrote The Sea Around Us, which brought her honors, fame, and respect around the world.

Ms Carson then devoted herself full­time to research and writing. One thing much on her mind was the effect of modern technology on the natural environment. One day, a distressed friend wrote her to say that a plane spraying (喷洒) DDT had flown over her yard, and the next day several birds lay dead. Carson decided to act.

For four years she studied the use of pesticides (杀虫剂) in the United States, and then she wrote Silent Spring.

In her book, Ms Carson said that these pesticides would harm much more than insects. She explained that these poisons would pollute the environment. “Even if their effects are not immediately observable, they remain for years in the water and the soil, and they become part of the food eaten by animals and humans.Besides, after a time, insects develop immunity to pesticides，” she said.

Recent studies have shown that pesticides can affect human brainwave activity and cause loss of memory and inability to concentrate. We should still remember Rachel Carson's words, “I think we are challenged as we have never been challenged before to prove our mastery, not of nature, but of ourselves.”

语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。瑞秋·卡森很关心环境的变化，一直致力于保护环境，她还写了一本书——《寂静的春天》来提高人们的环保意识。

5．Silent Spring is a book that               .

A．aims to raise people's environmental awareness

B．stresses the importance of the cycle of nature

C．describes the author's childhood experiences

D．asks people to enjoy the beauty of spring

解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Rachel Carson was concerned about what was happening to the environment. So in her book Silent Spring, she warned that some chemicals were poisoning the air, the water, the earth, and all its creatures.”可知，瑞秋·卡森很关心环境的变化。所以在她的书《寂静的春天》中，她警告说，一些化学物质正在毒害空气、水、地球及其所有生物，由此可知，《寂静的春天》是一本旨在提高人们环保意识的书，故A项正确。

6．What does the underlined word “distressed” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A．Curious.　　　　　 　  B．Humorous.

C．Excited.   D．Worried.

解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“a plane spraying(喷洒) DDT had flown over her yard, and the next day several birds lay dead”可知，一架喷洒杀虫剂的飞机飞过她的院子，结果第二天就有几只鸟死掉了，因此这个朋友一定会闷闷不乐(很担心)，由此可知画线词意为“担心的、闷闷不乐的”，故D项正确。

7．What can we know about Rachel Carson?

A．She became world­famous due to Silent Spring.

B．She warned against the use of chemicals to kill insects.

C．She had a good knowledge of the planets in the universe.

D．She created a system for improving human brainwave activity.

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“In her book, Ms Carson said that these pesticides would harm much more than insects. She explained that these poisons would pollute the environment.”可知，卡森女士在书中说，这些杀虫剂的危害远大于昆虫的危害，她解释说这些毒药会污染环境，再根据“Besides, after a time, insects develop immunity to pesticides”可知，昆虫也会对杀虫剂产生免疫力，由此可知，她警告不要使用化学药品杀虫，故B项正确。

8．What Rachel Carson said in the last paragraph suggests that            .

A．we should prove ourselves to be the ruler of this world

B．it's a chance for us to prove our mastery of nature

C．it's time for us to think about what we have done

D．settling on the earth is a challenge for humans

解析：选C　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，最近的研究表明，杀虫剂会影响人的脑波活动，导致记忆丧失和无法集中注意力，因此瑞秋·卡森说的“我认为我们受到了挑战，因为我们受到前所未有的挑战，去证明我们掌握了自己，而不是掌握了自然”，由此可推断，我们是时候该考虑一下我们的所作所为(不仅对环境，而且还对我们自己造成的影响)了，故C项正确。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

Every animal on Earth helps contribute to the ecosystem in some way. We humans must protect animals to keep the ecosystem in balance. We depend on healthy ecosystems for food, shelters and clean water. 1  If you want to protect them, the following ideas may inspire you.

Use social media to spread awareness for animal organizations. If you follow animal organizations on social media, you can repost their content. Your followers and social media circle will see it and possibly share it themselves. 2 

Find a local organization or shelter that offers volunteering.  3 But you can also search the web to find a local organization that may help walk dogs, bathe animals or clean cages. Popular organizations can be overloaded with volunteers. Smaller local rescues and shelters may have more openings for volunteers.

Adopt (收养) an animal from a local shelter. If you're ready for a pet, consider adopting one from a shelter. 4 Giving an animal a loving home will not only benefit its life but improve yours. Pick an animal that will match your budget, schedule and living space. Your pet will be happier if it matches your needs and lifestyle.

  5 Reusable water bottles, food containers and shopping bags help reduce amount of plastic used that eventually ends up in the ocean which is home to some animals. When you do use disposable (一次性的) plastic, recycle it when you can.

A．Use fewer plastic products to limit ocean pollution.

B．Share ideas on how to reuse plastic to protect the ocean.

C．By adopting a pet, you possibly save it from being killed.

D．Some famous organizations encourage volunteers to adopt animals.

E．Well­known organizations often have lots of volunteering chances.

F．Taking action to protect animals is for their own good as well as ours.

G．Make sure the content you share is accurate, so you're spreading correct information.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。地球上的每一种动物都以某种方式对生态系统做出了贡献，所以我们人类必须保护动物以确保生态系统平衡。文章介绍了几种保护动物的方法。

1．选F　上文介绍了动物对生态系统的重要性和保护动物的必要性。我们人类必须保护动物，以保持生态系统的平衡。我们依靠健康的生态系统获得食物、住所和清洁水。下句：如果你想保护他们，下面的想法可能会启发你。F项(采取行动保护动物是为了他们自己和我们的利益)承上启下，说明了保护动物的重要性，故选F。

2．选G　本段建议我们利用社会媒体传播对动物组织的关注。上文建议我们转发动物组织的内容，以便粉丝和社交媒体圈会看到并分享。G项(确保你分享的内容是准确的，这样你就传播了正确的信息)是对转发内容的要求，承接上句。故选G。

3．选E　本段建议我们找一个提供志愿服务的当地组织或收容所。根据下句“help walk dogs, bathe animals or clean cages”可知，这些都是志愿者在当地组织或庇护所可以做的具体工作，E项(知名组织经常有很多志愿者机会)连接前后，故选E。

4．选C　本段建议我们从当地收容所收养一只动物，C项(通过收养宠物，你可能会使它免于被杀死)说明了收养动物的好处，adopting是关键词，故选C。

5．选A　下文介绍重复使用水瓶、食品容器和购物袋有助于减少最终流入海洋的塑料使用量。由此可知，A项(我们少用塑料制品以此来限制海洋污染)符合语境，故选A。