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北师大版选择性必修第一册Unit1RELATIONSHIPS单元质量检测（无音频含解析）
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这是一份北师大版选择性必修第一册Unit1RELATIONSHIPS单元质量检测（无音频含解析），共21页。
单元质量检测(一)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What are the speakers talking about?
A.The man’s weekend activities.
B.The woman’s favorite sport.
C.The city they live in.
2.What does the man do?
A.He’s a businessman.
B.He’s a doctor.
C.He’s a student.
3.When did the speakers start talking?
A.At 2：50. B.At 3：00. C.At 3：10.
4.What does the woman want to do?
A.Borrow money from the man.
B.Go to the bank.
C.Start up a business.
5.What is the man’s research field?
A.Education. B.Insects. C.Finance.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What kind of job did the woman take after graduation?
A.Teaching. B.Marketing. C.Volunteering.
7.What does the woman think the man should do?
A.Take his job immediately.
B.Not worry about the money.
C.Make a decision and stick to it.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.Where does the woman advise the man to apply for a job?
A.In a newspaper office.
B.In a travel agency.
C.In a car factory.
9.What does the man ask the woman about the job?
A.The pay.
B.The experience.
C.The working conditions.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.Why didn’t the man realize his childhood dream?
A.His parents didn’t support him.
B.He was offered another good job.
C.He lost interest in it later.
11.What did the woman want to be when she was a little girl?
A.A pilot. B.A scientist. C.A teacher.
12.What languages is the woman good at?
A.English and French.
B.English and Italian.
C.French and Italian.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.Who is Jenny?
A.The man’s wife.
B.The man’s sister.
C.The woman’s colleague.
14.How long has it been since the speakers’ graduation?
A.Three years.
B.Ten years.
C.Thirteen years.
15.What do we know about the man?
A.He continued his studies after graduation.
B.He once worked at a law firm.
C.He is working in a trade company.
16.When will the speakers meet each other again?
A.This Saturday.
B.This Sunday.
C.Next Saturday.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.What is Bill Gates famous for according to the speaker?
A.His family background.
B.His position in society.
C.His educational background.
18.What did Bill Gates do in 1975?
A.He went to Harvard University.
B.He began to develop new software.
C.He sold his inventions to MITS.
19.When did Bill Gates leave Microsoft?
A.In 2000. B.In 2008. C.In 2014.
20.Which of the following is TRUE according to the talk?
A.Bill Gates grew up in Washington.
B.Bill Gates’ mother worked as a lawyer.
C.IBM partnered with Microsoft for a short time.
答案：1～5 ACBCB 6～10 BCABA
11～15 BCABC 16～20 ABCBC
听力原文
(Text 1)
W：What do you like to do during the weekend?
M：I love cycling. On Saturday morning I usually ride around the city for two hours.
(Text 2)
W：What kind of college are you going to apply for?
M：My father wants me to go into business but my mother wants me to go to medical school.
(Text 3)
M：How much time has passed since we started talking?
W：It’s been only 10 minutes.
M：So right now it should be 3：10 pm.
W：Correct.
(Text 4)
W：Where did you get the money to start your restaurant?
M：I have been saving my money for years.
W：Is there any other way to get money to start up a small business?
M：Yes, you can borrow some from a bank.
(Text 5)
W：Did you want to become a scientist when you were young?
M：No. I became interested in insects only after I entered university.
W：Are you happy with the working conditions in this university?
M：Yes. It provides me excellent equipment and enough funding to do my work.
(Text 6)
M：What did you do after graduation?
W：I’d planned to be a teacher, but then I was offered a good job doing marketing, so I changed my mind.
M：Sounds like you’re happy with your decision.
W：I am. I enjoy my job very much. By the way, have you not had any job offers yet?
M：I had one, but I didn’t like the job very much. I’d also really wanted to attend graduate school, but I was afraid I couldn’t pay that much money.
W：I think you need to make a decision, stick to it and don’t be afraid of difficulties.
(Text 7)
W：Look, Jack! Here’s a job that might interest you.
M：Are you sure? The last job interview you sent me to was really a disaster.
W：Well, look! It’s a big company. You might get to travel.
M：What kind of company is it, though?
W：Um, let’s see. It’s a newspaper office. They say the pay is really good. And oh, look! They give you a car to travel around. That’s not bad, is it?
M：Do they say anything about needing to have experience of a journalist?
W：No, they want someone young and energetic. Oh, yes, they want a university graduate, so that’s OK. You’ve been to university. The only thing is that you have to travel, but then that’s what the company car is for.
M：Perhaps I’ll have a closer look at it.
(Text 8)
W：John, when you were little, what did you dream you’d grow up to be?
M：Oh, I dreamed that I’d be a pilot when I grew up.
W：So what happened? Did you just lose interest in being a pilot?
M：No. My parents said it was too dangerous, and they wanted me to find a safer job. How about you? What did you dream of becoming when you were a little girl?
W：When I was a little girl, I dreamed of being a great scientist, but now, as you can see, I’m just a common office clerk.
M：So what are your dreams now?
W：Well, I really want to be a translator some day, so I’m working hard to learn English.
M：You’re so good at language learning. Your French and Italian are already fluent. Well, I hope you succeed in that dream some day!
W：Thanks.
(Text 9)
W：Hi, Bob! I am so glad that you came.
M：Of course I’d come. I couldn’t think of a better chance to see all my old friends.
W：It’s hard to believe that it’s been ten years since graduation.
M：How time flies! How are things going with you?
W：It’s only recently that I’ve been able to start settling down. How about you? Are you still with Jenny?
M：Yeah, Jenny and I got married right after graduation. It was hard for the first three years — I was supporting us both while she continued her studies — but now things are getting better. I work as a manager in a trade company and she’s working at a law firm. It’s all started to come together and we’re finally able to make a life for ourselves.
W：Oh, that sounds wonderful. I have always known you two would make it. I hope I can keep in better contact with you.
M：Definitely! Actually, we just moved into a new place. There’s a housewarming party this Saturday, if you are free? I know Jenny would love to see you again and it should be a good party.
W：Sounds great! I am free this weekend and I’ll be there.
(Text 10)
Bill Gates, an American inventor, computer programmer and businessman, is reportedly worth nearly $80 billion, making him one of the wealthiest people in the country today. He founded and was head of Microsoft for years.
Gates was born into a rich family in the state of Washington. His father was a lawyer; his mother was a banker. He is famous for being taken as the father of the modern computer. He studied at Harvard University but did not graduate because of his desire to develop new software.
As a 13yearold student, Gates was introduced to computer programming. In 1975, Gates spoke to a company called Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems (MITS). He convinced the owner of the company that he had written a program that would work well and make big money. The owner bought into Gates’ inventions, and the two men reached an agreement to develop software for the company. Then the Microsoft Company was born.
Gates went on to develop the Windows operating system with then partner IBM. The two companies had differences though, and their partnership ended quickly. Gates worked as CEO until 2000. He remained active with the company for several years before leaving the company in 2008. In 2014, Bill Gates became the technical advisor of the firm.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Volunteering Opportunities for Teens
L.A.Works
River Centre and Gardens
570 W.Ave.26, Ste.400 Los Angeles, CA 90 065
From arts and crafts, walking dogs to singing to babies, this organisation offers many opportunities in Los Angeles from one day to longterm projects.Volunteers must first attend a course.Some activities are designed only for adults, so be sure to ask if they’re teen friendly.
Volunteers of America
3600 Wilshire Blvd.Ste.1 500 Los Angeles, CA 90 010
National nonprofit organisation with volunteer opportunities in programmes for children, the developmentally disabled, families, emergency services, the homeless and more.
Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles
4650 W.Sunset Blvd.Los Angeles, CA 90 027
Teens aged 15 and older can volunteer here after completing a threehour course.Only those aged 18 and older can have direct contact with the patients.Teens younger than 18 can still help out by greeting and recording patients and their families at the front desk.The hospital asks for a minimum (最少) of a six month period plus 100 hours of service.Teens work at least two to four hours a week, depending on the department, and can choose their schedule.
Food on Foot
1 625 N.Schrader Hollywood, CA 90 028
This is a nonprofit organisation that needs volunteers on Saturdays at 3：30 pm in Venice and Sundays at 3：30 pm in Hollywood.Volunteers will distribute clothing and food to the homeless and poor.Teens must be interviewed before volunteering.After service is completed, the organisation will write a letter to give students either high school or college credit.
Library’s Volunteer Corp.
7 400 E.Imperial Hwy.Downey, CA 90 242
There’s no age limit and no experience required for teens interested in volunteering at the library.Volunteers are needed at all branches.All minors must present written parental agreement.Time varies with each task.Teens can shelve books, create displays, tell stories, show films, write reports and more.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了适合青少年的一些志愿活动，涉及志愿活动的具体内容、地点和联系方式等。
21.What can a volunteer aged 16 do at Children’s Hospital?
A.Serve the patients directly.
B.Look after the patients’ families.
C.Do some office work for patients.
D.Keep records of patients and their families at the front desk.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据文章第三部分中的“Teens younger than 18 can still help out by greeting and recording patients and their families at the front desk.”可知，18岁以下的青少年可以在前台迎接或者记录病人及其家属等，故选D。
22.Which activity will offer volunteers school credit?
A.L.A.Works.
B.Food on Foot.
C.Volunteers of America.
D.Library’s Volunteer Corp.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第四部分中的“After service is completed, the organisation will write a letter to give students either high school or college credit.”可知，参加Food on Foot这个项目，可以得到学分。
23.What is special about Library’s Volunteer Corp.?
A.Some tasks aren’t teen friendly.
B.Teens aged 15 and older can volunteer here.
C.Teens need training before volunteering.
D.The volunteering time is different for each task.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据最后一部分中的“Time varies with each task.”可知，该志愿活动的特殊之处是每个志愿活动的时间根据任务的不同而不同。
B
We hung about in the secondhand bookstore, just my husband, our two daughters, and me.This was a valuable time for us.We would be splitting up as a family in a couple of days.
It had been a tough eight months since my husband Louie had retired from the Navy.The only job available for Louie was in a city six and a half hours away from the mountains of Southwest Virginia where we lived.My asthma (哮喘) had gotten so bad that it was impossible for me to stay with Louie in the city.We had finally settled for a temporary separation.
So there we were, delaying our departure by passing time in a secondhand bookstore before the girls and I headed back to Southwest Virginia.We were so penniless that we had very little to spend in the store, just five dollars each.
Jenny suddenly remembered that she had twentyfive dollars that she had squirrelled away.We could divide it up, she decided.“Come on, Jenny，” Louie said with a laugh.“I’ll drive you to the ATM.” Then we did another round of hugging and kissing, not wanting to be apart for even a few minutes.It must have been a curious sight, this emotional family scene, but we were unaware of what others might think.
Only a well dressed woman was in the bookstore.I noticed her expensive clothes, shoes, and handbag.We were having so much fun, however, that I quickly forgot the woman.
Finally, I spied my perfect book! But it was too expensive! “Oh, I wish I were rich，” I murmured, as my eyes locked with the woman’s.“It looks to me as though you already are，” she said, with a smile.
There was a long pause, and then my heart filled with understanding.I was rich.Very rich.
I’ve had plenty of time to wonder about that day, when a woman gave me the rich message of love and encouragement when I so desperately needed it.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者一家通过在书店里闲逛来推迟分别的时刻，一家人虽然穷但是其乐融融。作者因为一本昂贵的书而感叹说希望自己很富有，一位陌生女士的话给了作者鼓励。
24.What made the writer’s family separate soon?
A.The writer’s health.
B.Louie’s receiving a job offer.
C.Louie’s retirement from the Navy.
D.Their daughters’ need to go to school.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“My asthma(哮喘) had gotten so bad that it was impossible for me to stay with Louie in the city.”可知，作者患有严重的哮喘，不能和Louie一起在城市里生活。
25.Why were the writer’s family in the secondhand bookstore?
A.To choose books for their daughters.
B.To find valuable old books.
C.To put off the departing time.
D.To kill their free time.
解析：选C 细节理解题。结合第三段中的“So there we were, delaying our departure by passing time in a secondhand bookstore before the girls and I headed back to Southwest Virginia.”可知，他们在书店里闲逛，目的是推迟分别的时刻。
26.What does the underlined phrase “squirrelled away” mean?
A.Left. B.Stored.
C.Calculated. D.Wasted.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。根据第四段画线短语前面的“Jenny suddenly remembered that she had twentyfive dollars that”和后面的“We could divide it up, she decided.”可知，Jenny突然想起了自己存的25美元，可以和家人分享。
27.Why did the woman think the writer was rich?
A.She got a lot from reading books.
B.She had a good knowledge of history.
C.She had good ability to understand.
D.She had a family full of love.
解析：选D 推理判断题。结合第四段中的“Then we did another round of hugging and kissing ...what others might think.”和第五段中的“We were having so much fun, however, that I quickly forgot the woman.”可知，这位妇女看到了他们一家人之间的爱，故认为作者已经非常富有了。
C
Choosing to forget something might take more mental effort than trying to remember it, researchers at The University of Texas discovered.Their findings suggest that in order to forget an unwanted experience, more attention should be focused on it.
“Decades of research has shown that we have the ability to forget something out of our own free will, but how our brains do that is still being questioned.Once we can figure out how memories are weakened and come up with ways to control this, we can design treatment to help people rid themselves of unwanted memories.” said Jarrod LewisPeacock, the study’s senior author.
Memories are energetic constructions of the brain that regularly get updated, adjusted and reorganised through experience.The brain is constantly remembering and forgetting information — and much of this happens automatically during sleep.
Their findings not only confirmed that humans have the ability to control what they forget, but that successful intentional forgetting requires more activity than what is required to remember.
“A proper level of brain activity is important to this forgetting mechanism (机制).Too strong, it will strengthen the memory; too weak, you won’t change it，” said Tracy Wang, lead author of the study.“Importantly, it’s the intention to forget that increases the activation of the memory, and when this activation (激活) hits the ’proper level’ sweet spot, that’s when it leads to later forgetting of that experience.”
The researchers also found that participants were more likely to forget scenes than faces.“We’re learning how these mechanisms in our brain respond to different types of information, and it will take a lot of further research before we understand how to use our ability to forget，” said LewisPeacock.“Hopefully we can find out how we process and get rid of those really strong memories, which can have a powerful effect on our health and wellbeing.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项惊人的发现——遗忘需要更多的脑力投入，以及这背后的大脑运行机理和医疗价值。
28.What remains a puzzle to researchers?
A.How our memories can be strengthened.
B.How our brains voluntarily forget something.
C.What effect unwanted memories have on our brains.
D.Whether our brains can voluntarily forget something.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段“Decades of research has shown that we have the ability to forget something out of our own free will, but how our brains do that is still being questioned.”可知，几十年的研究表明我们有能力自动忘记某事，但是我们的大脑是如何做到的仍然是一个谜团。故选B项。
29.Which of the following words can best describe memories?
A.Casual. B.Unpredictable.
C.Active. D.Permanent.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Memories are energetic constructions of the brain that regularly get updated, adjusted and reorganized through experience.”可知，记忆是大脑的精力充沛的结构，通过经验定期得到更新、调整和重组。由此可推断出记忆是活跃的。故选C项。
30.It can be learned from the text that .
A.it requires less attention to forget than to remember
B.the more active the brain is, the faster it forgets
C.humans can’t keep memories under control
D.humans forget faces less easily than scenes
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The researchers also found that participants were more likely to forget scenes than faces.”可知，研究人员也发现被研究的对象更容易忘记场景而非人脸。故选D项。
31.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.What It Takes to Forget an Unwanted Experience
B.Strong Memories Have a Great Influence on Health
C.Forgetting Uses More Brain Power than Remembering
D.How to Train Our Brains to Voluntarily Forget Something
解析：选C 标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“Choosing to forget something might take more mental effort than trying to remember it, researchers at The University of Texas discovered.”和最后一段中LewisPeacock说的话可知，本文主要是为了说明忘记某事比记住某事更费脑。故选C项。
D
You’re either a lurker, a geek, an Internet celebrity or a victim.That’s according to scientists who claim that we fall into one of four online personalities when using sites such as Facebook and Twitter.
And according to their research, more young people are choosing to be “lurkers” and “geeks” by reducing what they share online in an effort to avoid being a “victim”.
The geek has high participation but low visibility; the Internet celeb has high participation and high visibility; the victim with low participation but high visibility; and the lurker who has low participation and low visibility.
The “lurker” is described as someone who avoids argument in public forums and prefers closed group chats.They are also prone to stalking their favourite music bands online.
The “geek”， meanwhile, uses invisibility to anonymously share and promote their amateur media creations online, such as music videos or fan fiction writing.The academics described how the geeks’ long hours of labour on projects risked parental concern that their behaviour was obsessive or addictive.
“While there has been a lot of negative media coverage around teenagers’ interaction with social media, our findings are more hopeful that teenagers are responsible users of social media, are very conscious of the dangers and make considerable efforts to protect themselves against those risks，” said Dr Berriman.
The highly visible victim can be a consequence of being part of the fourth group — the Internet celeb.The “Internet celeb” is fuelled by a desire to make a living from social media and offers complete transparency into their lives through vlogs or other social media platforms.These people are highly active and highly visible and, if they are not careful, can result in victimisation.
Professor Rachel Thomson said：“What is distinctive about these active social media users was the entrepreneurial character of their practice, with ’play’ reenvisaged as a form of economically rewarding work.By gaining an audience, young people are aware that they could capture advertising and corporate sponsorship.The dream is to ’go viral’， establishing a career as a cultural creator.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家根据社交媒体的使用方式，将网友分成了四类——潜伏者、极客、网红和受害者。
32.Which online personalities share less but highly visible?
A.The geek. B.The victim.
C.The lurker. D.The Internet celeb.
解析：选B 细节理解题。据第三段中的the victim with low participation but high visibility可知，选B。
33.What do the lurkers do according to the text?
A.They prefer online music bands.
B.They share online fan fiction writing.
C.They keep silent in public forums.
D.They promote music videos online.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知，在公共论坛里lurkers往往会避免争论，即保持沉默。
34.What made Dr Berriman feel pleased about teens?
A.They use social media to help others out of trouble.
B.They shoulder the responsibilities for cyber bullying.
C.They keep themselves away from negative media coverage.
D.They take measures to free themselves of danger.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第六段可知，青少年们懂得采取措施，使自己免于危险。
35.What is the special feature of the Internet celebs?
A.They use social media to receive economic records.
B.They live their life on social media platforms.
C.They play for fun together with their audience.
D.They are usually victims of the Internet.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据最后两段的内容可知，网络红人们往往利用他们的知名度来换取经济利益等。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some Reasons Why Random People Follow You on Social Media
For anybody who has used social media services for any extended period of time, you’ll be well accustomed to the occurrence of random follows or adds, whether it’s on Twitter, Instagram, Facebook or any other social media site. 36 That’s a question social media users ask themselves a lot.Below is a list of possible reasons for a random to be following you.
A case of mistaken identity.
37 It’s more common if you have the same or a similar name to someone they intend to add, but it can also happen if you look alike.If you’re using a service that includes profile pictures, then it’s understandable if someone adds you under the assumption that you’re a particular person.
38
There isn’t always a hidden agenda or a strange reason behind this phenomenon.Sometimes a person may feel as though that’s what occurs on the Internet.Maybe they are new to the social network game, or maybe they genuinely wish to have “friends” to contact and communicate with.
They added you because they liked what they saw.
Perhaps they saw a post of yours that was humorous, and they figured you have the same sense of humour as them.Maybe you made a post that featured you promoting an activity they enjoy, like the gym, and they found a connection with you there. 39
Their account has been hacked.
Whatever service is being used, there always exists the possibility that you can be “hacked”.It means a virus, a bot, or some other similar kind of mean software has taken control of your account. 40 The bots will then proceed to spam you through the channels of communication the social media platform uses — private messaging, wall posting, etc.
A.Sometimes it’s genuine.
B.They might misunderstand you.
C.They think you are somebody else.
D.How will a strange person contact me?
E.Why would a random person add me?
F.It is causing it to act independently of your commands.
G.It’s all about sharing your thoughts with others.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有人会随机关注你的社交媒体的具体原因。
36.选E 结合前面的“the occurrence of random follows or adds”及后面的“That’s a question social media users ask them selves a lot.”可知，E项(为什么会有人随机加我)符合语境，故选E。
37.选C 根据本段的标题“A case of mistaken identity.”可知，他们把你当成了别人，故选C。
38.选A 结合本段的“Maybe they are new to the social network game, or maybe they genuinely wish to have ’friends’ to contact and communicate with.”可知，有的人真诚地希望和社交网站上的“朋友”交流，这与A的内容呼应。
39.选G 根据空前的“Maybe you made a post that featured you promoting an activity they enjoy, like the gym, and they found a connection with you there.”可知，可能你发了一个帖子，而帖子的内容正是他们感兴趣的，这与G项内容呼应。
40.选F 结合空前的“It means a virus, a bot, or some other similar kind of mean software has taken control of your account.”可知，由于病毒控制了你的账号，所以造成你的账号不受你控制了。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、 D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“Hurry！” the Southwest Airlines flight attendant said.“There’s just one seat left.” Passengers glared at me.I tried to avoid eye contact while 41 the rows for the empty seat.
This trip would be 42 enough.I was headed down to Florida from Kansas City to see my brother Dana.A bucket of hot tar (沥青) had left him with severe 43 over almost half his body.He was 44 to be alive in a Miami burn unit.The tar, I was told, would scar (疤痕)him 45 ， but his emotional scars could be far more devastating.How was this going to change his life? How could I possibly be a 46 to him?
“This must be your seat，” a friendly voice beside me said.I was so 47 that I’d almost walked right past the last empty seat.I was surprised to find his face, neck and arms were 48 in burn scars.All of my 49 about what I would say and do when I saw Dana appeared.I felt as if I was being forced to face my brother’s injuries before I even got there.My eyes stayed on his scars.I don’t know why, but all at once I was overpowered by the 50 to tell him the truth about my journey ... my fears, my 51 .
I 52 the details of Dana’s accident and injuries and he told me the story of how he had 53 severe burns when he was just a teenager.
“Don’t underestimate the 54 of Dana’s spirit，” he said.“It isn’t going to be 55 ， but your brother will make it through this.And so will you.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者坐飞机去看望受伤的哥哥，却不知道怎样安慰哥哥。他在飞机上遇到一个全身烧伤的旅客，这个人已经从痛苦中振作起来，而且这个人的经历给了作者巨大的勇气和安慰。
41.A.finding B.searching
C.surveying D.charging
解析：选B 根据第三段第一句可知，作者正在找座位。因为作者是最后一个上飞机，大家都盯着他看，所以一方面需要避免与别的旅客的眼光直视，一方面又要寻找(searching)那个空座位。故选B。surveying调查；charging索价。
42.A.bad B.clear
C.beneficial D.puzzling
解析：选A 根据下文可知，作者的哥哥被沥青烫伤，幸好保住了性命，但是身上会留下疤痕，而且尤其是精神上的创伤难以弥合。作者不知道怎样去面对他。因此作者觉得这趟旅行糟糕(bad)透了。故选A。beneficial有益的；puzzling令人迷惑的。
43.A.hurts B.damages
C.destruction D.burns
解析：选D 火热的沥青烫伤(burns)。故选D。hurts(情感上的)伤害；damages(可修复的)损害；destruction(不可修复的)伤害。
44.A.afraid B.strong
C.lucky D.happy
解析：选C 能从这场事故中活下来，真是够幸运的(lucky)。故选C。
45.A.terribly B.obviously
C.strangely D.differently
解析：选A 半身受伤，沥青会很严重地(terribly)给哥哥身上留下疤痕，这正是作者担心之处。故选A。obviously明显地；strangely奇怪地；differently不同地。
46.A.change B.comfort
C.brother D.belief
解析：选B 根据上文可知，疤痕只是外表的，精神上的伤害可是毁灭性的，这将彻底地改变哥哥的人生，作者不知道怎样去安慰(comfort)他。故选B。
47.A.embarrassed B.confused
C.distracted D.hesitated
解析：选C 作者满腹心事，又迟到了，大家的目光都盯着他，所以分心(distracted)了，差点就从那余下的最后一个座位旁走过去了。故选C。embarrassed尴尬的；confused迷惑的；hesitated犹豫的。
48.A.lost B.caught
C.bathed D.covered
解析：选D 根据下文可知，那个乘客也是被严重的烧伤而留下的疤痕。因此脸上，脖子上和手臂上都布满(covered)疤痕。
49.A.sadness B.surprise
C.fears D.memories
解析：选C 根据本段的最后可知，作者预计到见到哥哥时，自己有恐惧(fears)也有担忧，现在见到一个与自己想象中相同情况的人，这些情感一下子全部表露出来了。故选C。
50.A.desire B.effort
C.courage D.emotion
解析：选A 作者盯着这位乘客的疤痕看，其实应该是看到这位乘客已经从那种痛苦中解脱出来，想寻求他的帮助，因此有一种强烈的欲望(desire)，想把自己这趟旅程的目的讲给这位乘客听。故选A。effort努力；courage勇气；emotion情感。
51.A.tiredness B.busyness
C.worries D.pains
解析：选C 根据第二段的最后一句再结合第五段的最后一句可知，作者想告诉那位乘客的是自己的恐惧和担忧(worries)。故选C。tiredness疲劳；busyness繁忙；pain痛苦。
52.A.supplied B.shared
C.expressed D.discussed
解析：选B 根据上文可知，作者把自己哥哥的经历说给那位乘客听了，分享(shared)了自己哥哥所受的伤痛。故选B。supply供应； express表达；discuss讨论。
53.A.suffered B.caused
C.treated D.received
解析：选A 那位乘客给作者讲述的应该是被烧伤、治疗伤痛、战胜心里痛苦的全部过程，也就是忍受(suffered)的痛苦。故选A。cause导致；treat治疗；receive收到。
54.A.admiration B.determination
C.faith D.strength
解析：选D 这是那位乘客对作者的鼓励，不要低估Dana的精神力量(strength)。故选D。admiration钦佩；determination毅力，决心；faith忠诚。
55.A.hard B.easy
C.rough D.safe
解析：选B 根据下文可知，做到这点不容易(easy)，但是那位乘客祝福作者两兄弟都能挺过这个难关。 故选B。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For many of you, a teacher’s colourful personality lit up the classroom.For Sally K, the creativity of her high school French lessons stuck out.From the start, my French study in high school was not just verb 56 (tense) and grammatical structures：I joked that it was French and Life! My teacher, Mr Herbert, drew 57 teddy bear with wings on the board 58 (show) the French pronunciation of his name — Airbear.He taught negatives with examples, 59 (listen) skills with a mystery intrigue radio drama, and conversation with an 60 (invent) town we called Compiegne.As a former Peace Corps Volunteer in Tunisia, he included his opinions, sympathy, deep questioning, and a 61 (thought) valuation of every person.Many years later, I remember best the mood he created in the classroom, a mood of desiring for the knowledge 62 will unlock doors to understanding and sharing.I still remember a sense that every homework job or new poem memorised could link us as human beings more 63 (deep); I also remember most of my French.
64 (touch) to the core by this teacher’s warm, kind, and deeply human example, I am now myself in 65 (me) third year of Peace Corps service in Ethiopia.
Some students just need a little push, and a number of you had great teachers to do this.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了高中时的一个生活场景。
56.tenses 考查名词单复数。分析句子结构可知，and连接的前后内容为并列关系，再结合and后面的grammatical structures可知，空处应该用tense的复数形式。故填tenses。
57.a 考查冠词。这里指老师画了一个泰迪熊，此处泛指一个泰迪熊，且teddy以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。
58.to show 考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处应使用动词不定式作目的状语。
59.listening 考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处应使用现在分词作定语修饰skills。
60.invented 考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，这里表示一个虚构出来的小镇，town和invent之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。
61.thoughtful 考查词性转换。根据句意可知，此处表示考虑周到的，作valuation的定语，故应用形容词。
62.that/which 考查定语从句。此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词knowledge，且在定语从句中作主语，故应用that或which引导。
63.deeply 考查词性转换。修饰前面的动词link，应使用副词作状语。
64.Touched 考查非谓语动词。表示作者受感动，因此应使用ed形式形容词，注意首字母大写。
65.my 考查代词。结合语境可知，此处指现在是作者做志愿者的第三年。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，亚洲冬季运动会将在你居住的地方举办，现在正在招募志愿者，你希望成为其中一员。请按要求用英文给组委会写一封申请信，内容包括：
1.个人情况：年龄、性别、学历；
2.个人条件：英语好、爱好体育、善于交往、乐于助人、熟悉本地情况；
3.承诺：提供最佳服务。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madam，
My name is Li Hua. I would like to work as a volunteer for the Winter Asian Games.
Now I formally apply for the job and I sincerely hope I can be accepted.
Yours faithfully，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Sir/Madam，
My name is Li Hua. I would like to work as a volunteer for the Winter Asian Games.
I am a girl of 18. As a college student, I have a keen interest in sports and I have always been looking forward to the Games to be held here. With the great fluency in English and the burning passion for sports, I suppose I am qualified to be a volunteer for the Games. Besides, I have a good communicative competence and I am considered to be an outgoing, reliable and helpful person at college. What’s more, I am familiar with the local conditions. I promise I will offer the best service to whoever participates in the Games.
Now I formally apply for the job and I sincerely hope I can be accepted.
Yours faithfully，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mail lay scattered across the kitchen table.I couldn’t put off sorting through it any longer.I checked the envelopes, putting aside the ones addressed to my husband.
It had been over three years since Bob had died.To friends and family it looked like I had moved past the worst of my sorrow.I took care of my house, socialized and kept up with community.On the outside everything appeared to be normal.But inside I was anything but I worried I would never get better, never be myself again.They say sorrow has no set time limit, but I was so tired of feeling empty and hopeless.My sorrow was sharp and fresh as ever.It was like a wall of pressure in my chest, pressing my heart.
I picked up a piece of Bob’s mail and held it out to tear in half, but stopped myself from cutting up the envelope.The letter was from an organization that funded a Haitian orphanage called My Father’s House.Its founder, Carol Hawthorne, had given a presentation at our church.Bob and I had donated, and Bob ended up on the mailing list to receive the newsletter (通讯) with updates on the children.
I hadn’t read one since Bob died.But just three months before, in January 2015, the country had been hit by a terrible earthquake.In my depressed state, it hadn’t even occurred to me to wonder whether the orphanage had survived.I opened the newsletter and was surprised to find out that My Father’s House was still standing.Of course now it was more crowded than ever.At the bottom of the page was an announcement about an upcoming trip to visit the orphanage in person.“I should go.” The thought wouldn’t leave me.I contacted Carol Hawthorne.
“What they need are raw materials, such as tents, and we provide them.We also visit with the children.We go to clinics and schools, pass out supplies.You’ll be very busy, I promise！” Just a few weeks later, I was at the airport with seven strangers, waiting to board a plane to Haiti.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
In Haiti we were met by Pastor Ronald Lefranc, the director of My Father’s House.
Carol and Pastor Ronald led us into the main building.
参考范文：
In Haiti we were met by Pastor Ronald Lefranc, the director of My Father’s House. We crowded into an old school bus and drove over roads full of stones and mud. And the land was covered with broken tents. Finally we pulled up to My Father’s House. A crowd of children — 52 in all — rushed up to greet us.I couldn’t understand the words of the song they sang in Creole, but with the smiles on their faces I didn’t need to.Each child planted a big kiss on my cheek.
Carol and Pastor Ronald led us into the main building. Pastor Ronald told us that there was a collection of tents.Many of these children came to the orphanage after the earthquake.They still didn’t feel safe sleeping under a roof.But there was no sign of fear in the playroom inside.I played dolls and other games.Children I’d just met presented me with pictures they’d drawn and letters written in Creole.In the evening the children gathered in the dining room.They took turns reading aloud and then they all joined in a song.The words were strange, but the tune sounded familiar.They’d lost so much, yet were so joyful.
单元质量检测(一)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What are the speakers talking about?
A.The man’s weekend activities.
B.The woman’s favorite sport.
C.The city they live in.
2.What does the man do?
A.He’s a businessman.
B.He’s a doctor.
C.He’s a student.
3.When did the speakers start talking?
A.At 2：50. B.At 3：00. C.At 3：10.
4.What does the woman want to do?
A.Borrow money from the man.
B.Go to the bank.
C.Start up a business.
5.What is the man’s research field?
A.Education. B.Insects. C.Finance.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What kind of job did the woman take after graduation?
A.Teaching. B.Marketing. C.Volunteering.
7.What does the woman think the man should do?
A.Take his job immediately.
B.Not worry about the money.
C.Make a decision and stick to it.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.Where does the woman advise the man to apply for a job?
A.In a newspaper office.
B.In a travel agency.
C.In a car factory.
9.What does the man ask the woman about the job?
A.The pay.
B.The experience.
C.The working conditions.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.Why didn’t the man realize his childhood dream?
A.His parents didn’t support him.
B.He was offered another good job.
C.He lost interest in it later.
11.What did the woman want to be when she was a little girl?
A.A pilot. B.A scientist. C.A teacher.
12.What languages is the woman good at?
A.English and French.
B.English and Italian.
C.French and Italian.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.Who is Jenny?
A.The man’s wife.
B.The man’s sister.
C.The woman’s colleague.
14.How long has it been since the speakers’ graduation?
A.Three years.
B.Ten years.
C.Thirteen years.
15.What do we know about the man?
A.He continued his studies after graduation.
B.He once worked at a law firm.
C.He is working in a trade company.
16.When will the speakers meet each other again?
A.This Saturday.
B.This Sunday.
C.Next Saturday.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.What is Bill Gates famous for according to the speaker?
A.His family background.
B.His position in society.
C.His educational background.
18.What did Bill Gates do in 1975?
A.He went to Harvard University.
B.He began to develop new software.
C.He sold his inventions to MITS.
19.When did Bill Gates leave Microsoft?
A.In 2000. B.In 2008. C.In 2014.
20.Which of the following is TRUE according to the talk?
A.Bill Gates grew up in Washington.
B.Bill Gates’ mother worked as a lawyer.
C.IBM partnered with Microsoft for a short time.
答案：1～5 ACBCB 6～10 BCABA
11～15 BCABC 16～20 ABCBC
听力原文
(Text 1)
W：What do you like to do during the weekend?
M：I love cycling. On Saturday morning I usually ride around the city for two hours.
(Text 2)
W：What kind of college are you going to apply for?
M：My father wants me to go into business but my mother wants me to go to medical school.
(Text 3)
M：How much time has passed since we started talking?
W：It’s been only 10 minutes.
M：So right now it should be 3：10 pm.
W：Correct.
(Text 4)
W：Where did you get the money to start your restaurant?
M：I have been saving my money for years.
W：Is there any other way to get money to start up a small business?
M：Yes, you can borrow some from a bank.
(Text 5)
W：Did you want to become a scientist when you were young?
M：No. I became interested in insects only after I entered university.
W：Are you happy with the working conditions in this university?
M：Yes. It provides me excellent equipment and enough funding to do my work.
(Text 6)
M：What did you do after graduation?
W：I’d planned to be a teacher, but then I was offered a good job doing marketing, so I changed my mind.
M：Sounds like you’re happy with your decision.
W：I am. I enjoy my job very much. By the way, have you not had any job offers yet?
M：I had one, but I didn’t like the job very much. I’d also really wanted to attend graduate school, but I was afraid I couldn’t pay that much money.
W：I think you need to make a decision, stick to it and don’t be afraid of difficulties.
(Text 7)
W：Look, Jack! Here’s a job that might interest you.
M：Are you sure? The last job interview you sent me to was really a disaster.
W：Well, look! It’s a big company. You might get to travel.
M：What kind of company is it, though?
W：Um, let’s see. It’s a newspaper office. They say the pay is really good. And oh, look! They give you a car to travel around. That’s not bad, is it?
M：Do they say anything about needing to have experience of a journalist?
W：No, they want someone young and energetic. Oh, yes, they want a university graduate, so that’s OK. You’ve been to university. The only thing is that you have to travel, but then that’s what the company car is for.
M：Perhaps I’ll have a closer look at it.
(Text 8)
W：John, when you were little, what did you dream you’d grow up to be?
M：Oh, I dreamed that I’d be a pilot when I grew up.
W：So what happened? Did you just lose interest in being a pilot?
M：No. My parents said it was too dangerous, and they wanted me to find a safer job. How about you? What did you dream of becoming when you were a little girl?
W：When I was a little girl, I dreamed of being a great scientist, but now, as you can see, I’m just a common office clerk.
M：So what are your dreams now?
W：Well, I really want to be a translator some day, so I’m working hard to learn English.
M：You’re so good at language learning. Your French and Italian are already fluent. Well, I hope you succeed in that dream some day!
W：Thanks.
(Text 9)
W：Hi, Bob! I am so glad that you came.
M：Of course I’d come. I couldn’t think of a better chance to see all my old friends.
W：It’s hard to believe that it’s been ten years since graduation.
M：How time flies! How are things going with you?
W：It’s only recently that I’ve been able to start settling down. How about you? Are you still with Jenny?
M：Yeah, Jenny and I got married right after graduation. It was hard for the first three years — I was supporting us both while she continued her studies — but now things are getting better. I work as a manager in a trade company and she’s working at a law firm. It’s all started to come together and we’re finally able to make a life for ourselves.
W：Oh, that sounds wonderful. I have always known you two would make it. I hope I can keep in better contact with you.
M：Definitely! Actually, we just moved into a new place. There’s a housewarming party this Saturday, if you are free? I know Jenny would love to see you again and it should be a good party.
W：Sounds great! I am free this weekend and I’ll be there.
(Text 10)
Bill Gates, an American inventor, computer programmer and businessman, is reportedly worth nearly $80 billion, making him one of the wealthiest people in the country today. He founded and was head of Microsoft for years.
Gates was born into a rich family in the state of Washington. His father was a lawyer; his mother was a banker. He is famous for being taken as the father of the modern computer. He studied at Harvard University but did not graduate because of his desire to develop new software.
As a 13yearold student, Gates was introduced to computer programming. In 1975, Gates spoke to a company called Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems (MITS). He convinced the owner of the company that he had written a program that would work well and make big money. The owner bought into Gates’ inventions, and the two men reached an agreement to develop software for the company. Then the Microsoft Company was born.
Gates went on to develop the Windows operating system with then partner IBM. The two companies had differences though, and their partnership ended quickly. Gates worked as CEO until 2000. He remained active with the company for several years before leaving the company in 2008. In 2014, Bill Gates became the technical advisor of the firm.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Volunteering Opportunities for Teens
L.A.Works
River Centre and Gardens
570 W.Ave.26, Ste.400 Los Angeles, CA 90 065
From arts and crafts, walking dogs to singing to babies, this organisation offers many opportunities in Los Angeles from one day to longterm projects.Volunteers must first attend a course.Some activities are designed only for adults, so be sure to ask if they’re teen friendly.
Volunteers of America
3600 Wilshire Blvd.Ste.1 500 Los Angeles, CA 90 010
National nonprofit organisation with volunteer opportunities in programmes for children, the developmentally disabled, families, emergency services, the homeless and more.
Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles
4650 W.Sunset Blvd.Los Angeles, CA 90 027
Teens aged 15 and older can volunteer here after completing a threehour course.Only those aged 18 and older can have direct contact with the patients.Teens younger than 18 can still help out by greeting and recording patients and their families at the front desk.The hospital asks for a minimum (最少) of a six month period plus 100 hours of service.Teens work at least two to four hours a week, depending on the department, and can choose their schedule.
Food on Foot
1 625 N.Schrader Hollywood, CA 90 028
This is a nonprofit organisation that needs volunteers on Saturdays at 3：30 pm in Venice and Sundays at 3：30 pm in Hollywood.Volunteers will distribute clothing and food to the homeless and poor.Teens must be interviewed before volunteering.After service is completed, the organisation will write a letter to give students either high school or college credit.
Library’s Volunteer Corp.
7 400 E.Imperial Hwy.Downey, CA 90 242
There’s no age limit and no experience required for teens interested in volunteering at the library.Volunteers are needed at all branches.All minors must present written parental agreement.Time varies with each task.Teens can shelve books, create displays, tell stories, show films, write reports and more.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了适合青少年的一些志愿活动，涉及志愿活动的具体内容、地点和联系方式等。
21.What can a volunteer aged 16 do at Children’s Hospital?
A.Serve the patients directly.
B.Look after the patients’ families.
C.Do some office work for patients.
D.Keep records of patients and their families at the front desk.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据文章第三部分中的“Teens younger than 18 can still help out by greeting and recording patients and their families at the front desk.”可知，18岁以下的青少年可以在前台迎接或者记录病人及其家属等，故选D。
22.Which activity will offer volunteers school credit?
A.L.A.Works.
B.Food on Foot.
C.Volunteers of America.
D.Library’s Volunteer Corp.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第四部分中的“After service is completed, the organisation will write a letter to give students either high school or college credit.”可知，参加Food on Foot这个项目，可以得到学分。
23.What is special about Library’s Volunteer Corp.?
A.Some tasks aren’t teen friendly.
B.Teens aged 15 and older can volunteer here.
C.Teens need training before volunteering.
D.The volunteering time is different for each task.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据最后一部分中的“Time varies with each task.”可知，该志愿活动的特殊之处是每个志愿活动的时间根据任务的不同而不同。
B
We hung about in the secondhand bookstore, just my husband, our two daughters, and me.This was a valuable time for us.We would be splitting up as a family in a couple of days.
It had been a tough eight months since my husband Louie had retired from the Navy.The only job available for Louie was in a city six and a half hours away from the mountains of Southwest Virginia where we lived.My asthma (哮喘) had gotten so bad that it was impossible for me to stay with Louie in the city.We had finally settled for a temporary separation.
So there we were, delaying our departure by passing time in a secondhand bookstore before the girls and I headed back to Southwest Virginia.We were so penniless that we had very little to spend in the store, just five dollars each.
Jenny suddenly remembered that she had twentyfive dollars that she had squirrelled away.We could divide it up, she decided.“Come on, Jenny，” Louie said with a laugh.“I’ll drive you to the ATM.” Then we did another round of hugging and kissing, not wanting to be apart for even a few minutes.It must have been a curious sight, this emotional family scene, but we were unaware of what others might think.
Only a well dressed woman was in the bookstore.I noticed her expensive clothes, shoes, and handbag.We were having so much fun, however, that I quickly forgot the woman.
Finally, I spied my perfect book! But it was too expensive! “Oh, I wish I were rich，” I murmured, as my eyes locked with the woman’s.“It looks to me as though you already are，” she said, with a smile.
There was a long pause, and then my heart filled with understanding.I was rich.Very rich.
I’ve had plenty of time to wonder about that day, when a woman gave me the rich message of love and encouragement when I so desperately needed it.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者一家通过在书店里闲逛来推迟分别的时刻，一家人虽然穷但是其乐融融。作者因为一本昂贵的书而感叹说希望自己很富有，一位陌生女士的话给了作者鼓励。
24.What made the writer’s family separate soon?
A.The writer’s health.
B.Louie’s receiving a job offer.
C.Louie’s retirement from the Navy.
D.Their daughters’ need to go to school.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“My asthma(哮喘) had gotten so bad that it was impossible for me to stay with Louie in the city.”可知，作者患有严重的哮喘，不能和Louie一起在城市里生活。
25.Why were the writer’s family in the secondhand bookstore?
A.To choose books for their daughters.
B.To find valuable old books.
C.To put off the departing time.
D.To kill their free time.
解析：选C 细节理解题。结合第三段中的“So there we were, delaying our departure by passing time in a secondhand bookstore before the girls and I headed back to Southwest Virginia.”可知，他们在书店里闲逛，目的是推迟分别的时刻。
26.What does the underlined phrase “squirrelled away” mean?
A.Left. B.Stored.
C.Calculated. D.Wasted.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。根据第四段画线短语前面的“Jenny suddenly remembered that she had twentyfive dollars that”和后面的“We could divide it up, she decided.”可知，Jenny突然想起了自己存的25美元，可以和家人分享。
27.Why did the woman think the writer was rich?
A.She got a lot from reading books.
B.She had a good knowledge of history.
C.She had good ability to understand.
D.She had a family full of love.
解析：选D 推理判断题。结合第四段中的“Then we did another round of hugging and kissing ...what others might think.”和第五段中的“We were having so much fun, however, that I quickly forgot the woman.”可知，这位妇女看到了他们一家人之间的爱，故认为作者已经非常富有了。
C
Choosing to forget something might take more mental effort than trying to remember it, researchers at The University of Texas discovered.Their findings suggest that in order to forget an unwanted experience, more attention should be focused on it.
“Decades of research has shown that we have the ability to forget something out of our own free will, but how our brains do that is still being questioned.Once we can figure out how memories are weakened and come up with ways to control this, we can design treatment to help people rid themselves of unwanted memories.” said Jarrod LewisPeacock, the study’s senior author.
Memories are energetic constructions of the brain that regularly get updated, adjusted and reorganised through experience.The brain is constantly remembering and forgetting information — and much of this happens automatically during sleep.
Their findings not only confirmed that humans have the ability to control what they forget, but that successful intentional forgetting requires more activity than what is required to remember.
“A proper level of brain activity is important to this forgetting mechanism (机制).Too strong, it will strengthen the memory; too weak, you won’t change it，” said Tracy Wang, lead author of the study.“Importantly, it’s the intention to forget that increases the activation of the memory, and when this activation (激活) hits the ’proper level’ sweet spot, that’s when it leads to later forgetting of that experience.”
The researchers also found that participants were more likely to forget scenes than faces.“We’re learning how these mechanisms in our brain respond to different types of information, and it will take a lot of further research before we understand how to use our ability to forget，” said LewisPeacock.“Hopefully we can find out how we process and get rid of those really strong memories, which can have a powerful effect on our health and wellbeing.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项惊人的发现——遗忘需要更多的脑力投入，以及这背后的大脑运行机理和医疗价值。
28.What remains a puzzle to researchers?
A.How our memories can be strengthened.
B.How our brains voluntarily forget something.
C.What effect unwanted memories have on our brains.
D.Whether our brains can voluntarily forget something.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段“Decades of research has shown that we have the ability to forget something out of our own free will, but how our brains do that is still being questioned.”可知，几十年的研究表明我们有能力自动忘记某事，但是我们的大脑是如何做到的仍然是一个谜团。故选B项。
29.Which of the following words can best describe memories?
A.Casual. B.Unpredictable.
C.Active. D.Permanent.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Memories are energetic constructions of the brain that regularly get updated, adjusted and reorganized through experience.”可知，记忆是大脑的精力充沛的结构，通过经验定期得到更新、调整和重组。由此可推断出记忆是活跃的。故选C项。
30.It can be learned from the text that .
A.it requires less attention to forget than to remember
B.the more active the brain is, the faster it forgets
C.humans can’t keep memories under control
D.humans forget faces less easily than scenes
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The researchers also found that participants were more likely to forget scenes than faces.”可知，研究人员也发现被研究的对象更容易忘记场景而非人脸。故选D项。
31.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.What It Takes to Forget an Unwanted Experience
B.Strong Memories Have a Great Influence on Health
C.Forgetting Uses More Brain Power than Remembering
D.How to Train Our Brains to Voluntarily Forget Something
解析：选C 标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“Choosing to forget something might take more mental effort than trying to remember it, researchers at The University of Texas discovered.”和最后一段中LewisPeacock说的话可知，本文主要是为了说明忘记某事比记住某事更费脑。故选C项。
D
You’re either a lurker, a geek, an Internet celebrity or a victim.That’s according to scientists who claim that we fall into one of four online personalities when using sites such as Facebook and Twitter.
And according to their research, more young people are choosing to be “lurkers” and “geeks” by reducing what they share online in an effort to avoid being a “victim”.
The geek has high participation but low visibility; the Internet celeb has high participation and high visibility; the victim with low participation but high visibility; and the lurker who has low participation and low visibility.
The “lurker” is described as someone who avoids argument in public forums and prefers closed group chats.They are also prone to stalking their favourite music bands online.
The “geek”， meanwhile, uses invisibility to anonymously share and promote their amateur media creations online, such as music videos or fan fiction writing.The academics described how the geeks’ long hours of labour on projects risked parental concern that their behaviour was obsessive or addictive.
“While there has been a lot of negative media coverage around teenagers’ interaction with social media, our findings are more hopeful that teenagers are responsible users of social media, are very conscious of the dangers and make considerable efforts to protect themselves against those risks，” said Dr Berriman.
The highly visible victim can be a consequence of being part of the fourth group — the Internet celeb.The “Internet celeb” is fuelled by a desire to make a living from social media and offers complete transparency into their lives through vlogs or other social media platforms.These people are highly active and highly visible and, if they are not careful, can result in victimisation.
Professor Rachel Thomson said：“What is distinctive about these active social media users was the entrepreneurial character of their practice, with ’play’ reenvisaged as a form of economically rewarding work.By gaining an audience, young people are aware that they could capture advertising and corporate sponsorship.The dream is to ’go viral’， establishing a career as a cultural creator.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家根据社交媒体的使用方式，将网友分成了四类——潜伏者、极客、网红和受害者。
32.Which online personalities share less but highly visible?
A.The geek. B.The victim.
C.The lurker. D.The Internet celeb.
解析：选B 细节理解题。据第三段中的the victim with low participation but high visibility可知，选B。
33.What do the lurkers do according to the text?
A.They prefer online music bands.
B.They share online fan fiction writing.
C.They keep silent in public forums.
D.They promote music videos online.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知，在公共论坛里lurkers往往会避免争论，即保持沉默。
34.What made Dr Berriman feel pleased about teens?
A.They use social media to help others out of trouble.
B.They shoulder the responsibilities for cyber bullying.
C.They keep themselves away from negative media coverage.
D.They take measures to free themselves of danger.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第六段可知，青少年们懂得采取措施，使自己免于危险。
35.What is the special feature of the Internet celebs?
A.They use social media to receive economic records.
B.They live their life on social media platforms.
C.They play for fun together with their audience.
D.They are usually victims of the Internet.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据最后两段的内容可知，网络红人们往往利用他们的知名度来换取经济利益等。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some Reasons Why Random People Follow You on Social Media
For anybody who has used social media services for any extended period of time, you’ll be well accustomed to the occurrence of random follows or adds, whether it’s on Twitter, Instagram, Facebook or any other social media site. 36 That’s a question social media users ask themselves a lot.Below is a list of possible reasons for a random to be following you.
A case of mistaken identity.
37 It’s more common if you have the same or a similar name to someone they intend to add, but it can also happen if you look alike.If you’re using a service that includes profile pictures, then it’s understandable if someone adds you under the assumption that you’re a particular person.
38
There isn’t always a hidden agenda or a strange reason behind this phenomenon.Sometimes a person may feel as though that’s what occurs on the Internet.Maybe they are new to the social network game, or maybe they genuinely wish to have “friends” to contact and communicate with.
They added you because they liked what they saw.
Perhaps they saw a post of yours that was humorous, and they figured you have the same sense of humour as them.Maybe you made a post that featured you promoting an activity they enjoy, like the gym, and they found a connection with you there. 39
Their account has been hacked.
Whatever service is being used, there always exists the possibility that you can be “hacked”.It means a virus, a bot, or some other similar kind of mean software has taken control of your account. 40 The bots will then proceed to spam you through the channels of communication the social media platform uses — private messaging, wall posting, etc.
A.Sometimes it’s genuine.
B.They might misunderstand you.
C.They think you are somebody else.
D.How will a strange person contact me?
E.Why would a random person add me?
F.It is causing it to act independently of your commands.
G.It’s all about sharing your thoughts with others.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有人会随机关注你的社交媒体的具体原因。
36.选E 结合前面的“the occurrence of random follows or adds”及后面的“That’s a question social media users ask them selves a lot.”可知，E项(为什么会有人随机加我)符合语境，故选E。
37.选C 根据本段的标题“A case of mistaken identity.”可知，他们把你当成了别人，故选C。
38.选A 结合本段的“Maybe they are new to the social network game, or maybe they genuinely wish to have ’friends’ to contact and communicate with.”可知，有的人真诚地希望和社交网站上的“朋友”交流，这与A的内容呼应。
39.选G 根据空前的“Maybe you made a post that featured you promoting an activity they enjoy, like the gym, and they found a connection with you there.”可知，可能你发了一个帖子，而帖子的内容正是他们感兴趣的，这与G项内容呼应。
40.选F 结合空前的“It means a virus, a bot, or some other similar kind of mean software has taken control of your account.”可知，由于病毒控制了你的账号，所以造成你的账号不受你控制了。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、 D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“Hurry！” the Southwest Airlines flight attendant said.“There’s just one seat left.” Passengers glared at me.I tried to avoid eye contact while 41 the rows for the empty seat.
This trip would be 42 enough.I was headed down to Florida from Kansas City to see my brother Dana.A bucket of hot tar (沥青) had left him with severe 43 over almost half his body.He was 44 to be alive in a Miami burn unit.The tar, I was told, would scar (疤痕)him 45 ， but his emotional scars could be far more devastating.How was this going to change his life? How could I possibly be a 46 to him?
“This must be your seat，” a friendly voice beside me said.I was so 47 that I’d almost walked right past the last empty seat.I was surprised to find his face, neck and arms were 48 in burn scars.All of my 49 about what I would say and do when I saw Dana appeared.I felt as if I was being forced to face my brother’s injuries before I even got there.My eyes stayed on his scars.I don’t know why, but all at once I was overpowered by the 50 to tell him the truth about my journey ... my fears, my 51 .
I 52 the details of Dana’s accident and injuries and he told me the story of how he had 53 severe burns when he was just a teenager.
“Don’t underestimate the 54 of Dana’s spirit，” he said.“It isn’t going to be 55 ， but your brother will make it through this.And so will you.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者坐飞机去看望受伤的哥哥，却不知道怎样安慰哥哥。他在飞机上遇到一个全身烧伤的旅客，这个人已经从痛苦中振作起来，而且这个人的经历给了作者巨大的勇气和安慰。
41.A.finding B.searching
C.surveying D.charging
解析：选B 根据第三段第一句可知，作者正在找座位。因为作者是最后一个上飞机，大家都盯着他看，所以一方面需要避免与别的旅客的眼光直视，一方面又要寻找(searching)那个空座位。故选B。surveying调查；charging索价。
42.A.bad B.clear
C.beneficial D.puzzling
解析：选A 根据下文可知，作者的哥哥被沥青烫伤，幸好保住了性命，但是身上会留下疤痕，而且尤其是精神上的创伤难以弥合。作者不知道怎样去面对他。因此作者觉得这趟旅行糟糕(bad)透了。故选A。beneficial有益的；puzzling令人迷惑的。
43.A.hurts B.damages
C.destruction D.burns
解析：选D 火热的沥青烫伤(burns)。故选D。hurts(情感上的)伤害；damages(可修复的)损害；destruction(不可修复的)伤害。
44.A.afraid B.strong
C.lucky D.happy
解析：选C 能从这场事故中活下来，真是够幸运的(lucky)。故选C。
45.A.terribly B.obviously
C.strangely D.differently
解析：选A 半身受伤，沥青会很严重地(terribly)给哥哥身上留下疤痕，这正是作者担心之处。故选A。obviously明显地；strangely奇怪地；differently不同地。
46.A.change B.comfort
C.brother D.belief
解析：选B 根据上文可知，疤痕只是外表的，精神上的伤害可是毁灭性的，这将彻底地改变哥哥的人生，作者不知道怎样去安慰(comfort)他。故选B。
47.A.embarrassed B.confused
C.distracted D.hesitated
解析：选C 作者满腹心事，又迟到了，大家的目光都盯着他，所以分心(distracted)了，差点就从那余下的最后一个座位旁走过去了。故选C。embarrassed尴尬的；confused迷惑的；hesitated犹豫的。
48.A.lost B.caught
C.bathed D.covered
解析：选D 根据下文可知，那个乘客也是被严重的烧伤而留下的疤痕。因此脸上，脖子上和手臂上都布满(covered)疤痕。
49.A.sadness B.surprise
C.fears D.memories
解析：选C 根据本段的最后可知，作者预计到见到哥哥时，自己有恐惧(fears)也有担忧，现在见到一个与自己想象中相同情况的人，这些情感一下子全部表露出来了。故选C。
50.A.desire B.effort
C.courage D.emotion
解析：选A 作者盯着这位乘客的疤痕看，其实应该是看到这位乘客已经从那种痛苦中解脱出来，想寻求他的帮助，因此有一种强烈的欲望(desire)，想把自己这趟旅程的目的讲给这位乘客听。故选A。effort努力；courage勇气；emotion情感。
51.A.tiredness B.busyness
C.worries D.pains
解析：选C 根据第二段的最后一句再结合第五段的最后一句可知，作者想告诉那位乘客的是自己的恐惧和担忧(worries)。故选C。tiredness疲劳；busyness繁忙；pain痛苦。
52.A.supplied B.shared
C.expressed D.discussed
解析：选B 根据上文可知，作者把自己哥哥的经历说给那位乘客听了，分享(shared)了自己哥哥所受的伤痛。故选B。supply供应； express表达；discuss讨论。
53.A.suffered B.caused
C.treated D.received
解析：选A 那位乘客给作者讲述的应该是被烧伤、治疗伤痛、战胜心里痛苦的全部过程，也就是忍受(suffered)的痛苦。故选A。cause导致；treat治疗；receive收到。
54.A.admiration B.determination
C.faith D.strength
解析：选D 这是那位乘客对作者的鼓励，不要低估Dana的精神力量(strength)。故选D。admiration钦佩；determination毅力，决心；faith忠诚。
55.A.hard B.easy
C.rough D.safe
解析：选B 根据下文可知，做到这点不容易(easy)，但是那位乘客祝福作者两兄弟都能挺过这个难关。 故选B。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For many of you, a teacher’s colourful personality lit up the classroom.For Sally K, the creativity of her high school French lessons stuck out.From the start, my French study in high school was not just verb 56 (tense) and grammatical structures：I joked that it was French and Life! My teacher, Mr Herbert, drew 57 teddy bear with wings on the board 58 (show) the French pronunciation of his name — Airbear.He taught negatives with examples, 59 (listen) skills with a mystery intrigue radio drama, and conversation with an 60 (invent) town we called Compiegne.As a former Peace Corps Volunteer in Tunisia, he included his opinions, sympathy, deep questioning, and a 61 (thought) valuation of every person.Many years later, I remember best the mood he created in the classroom, a mood of desiring for the knowledge 62 will unlock doors to understanding and sharing.I still remember a sense that every homework job or new poem memorised could link us as human beings more 63 (deep); I also remember most of my French.
64 (touch) to the core by this teacher’s warm, kind, and deeply human example, I am now myself in 65 (me) third year of Peace Corps service in Ethiopia.
Some students just need a little push, and a number of you had great teachers to do this.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了高中时的一个生活场景。
56.tenses 考查名词单复数。分析句子结构可知，and连接的前后内容为并列关系，再结合and后面的grammatical structures可知，空处应该用tense的复数形式。故填tenses。
57.a 考查冠词。这里指老师画了一个泰迪熊，此处泛指一个泰迪熊，且teddy以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。
58.to show 考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处应使用动词不定式作目的状语。
59.listening 考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处应使用现在分词作定语修饰skills。
60.invented 考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，这里表示一个虚构出来的小镇，town和invent之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。
61.thoughtful 考查词性转换。根据句意可知，此处表示考虑周到的，作valuation的定语，故应用形容词。
62.that/which 考查定语从句。此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词knowledge，且在定语从句中作主语，故应用that或which引导。
63.deeply 考查词性转换。修饰前面的动词link，应使用副词作状语。
64.Touched 考查非谓语动词。表示作者受感动，因此应使用ed形式形容词，注意首字母大写。
65.my 考查代词。结合语境可知，此处指现在是作者做志愿者的第三年。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，亚洲冬季运动会将在你居住的地方举办，现在正在招募志愿者，你希望成为其中一员。请按要求用英文给组委会写一封申请信，内容包括：
1.个人情况：年龄、性别、学历；
2.个人条件：英语好、爱好体育、善于交往、乐于助人、熟悉本地情况；
3.承诺：提供最佳服务。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madam，
My name is Li Hua. I would like to work as a volunteer for the Winter Asian Games.
Now I formally apply for the job and I sincerely hope I can be accepted.
Yours faithfully，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Sir/Madam，
My name is Li Hua. I would like to work as a volunteer for the Winter Asian Games.
I am a girl of 18. As a college student, I have a keen interest in sports and I have always been looking forward to the Games to be held here. With the great fluency in English and the burning passion for sports, I suppose I am qualified to be a volunteer for the Games. Besides, I have a good communicative competence and I am considered to be an outgoing, reliable and helpful person at college. What’s more, I am familiar with the local conditions. I promise I will offer the best service to whoever participates in the Games.
Now I formally apply for the job and I sincerely hope I can be accepted.
Yours faithfully，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mail lay scattered across the kitchen table.I couldn’t put off sorting through it any longer.I checked the envelopes, putting aside the ones addressed to my husband.
It had been over three years since Bob had died.To friends and family it looked like I had moved past the worst of my sorrow.I took care of my house, socialized and kept up with community.On the outside everything appeared to be normal.But inside I was anything but I worried I would never get better, never be myself again.They say sorrow has no set time limit, but I was so tired of feeling empty and hopeless.My sorrow was sharp and fresh as ever.It was like a wall of pressure in my chest, pressing my heart.
I picked up a piece of Bob’s mail and held it out to tear in half, but stopped myself from cutting up the envelope.The letter was from an organization that funded a Haitian orphanage called My Father’s House.Its founder, Carol Hawthorne, had given a presentation at our church.Bob and I had donated, and Bob ended up on the mailing list to receive the newsletter (通讯) with updates on the children.
I hadn’t read one since Bob died.But just three months before, in January 2015, the country had been hit by a terrible earthquake.In my depressed state, it hadn’t even occurred to me to wonder whether the orphanage had survived.I opened the newsletter and was surprised to find out that My Father’s House was still standing.Of course now it was more crowded than ever.At the bottom of the page was an announcement about an upcoming trip to visit the orphanage in person.“I should go.” The thought wouldn’t leave me.I contacted Carol Hawthorne.
“What they need are raw materials, such as tents, and we provide them.We also visit with the children.We go to clinics and schools, pass out supplies.You’ll be very busy, I promise！” Just a few weeks later, I was at the airport with seven strangers, waiting to board a plane to Haiti.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
In Haiti we were met by Pastor Ronald Lefranc, the director of My Father’s House.
Carol and Pastor Ronald led us into the main building.
参考范文：
In Haiti we were met by Pastor Ronald Lefranc, the director of My Father’s House. We crowded into an old school bus and drove over roads full of stones and mud. And the land was covered with broken tents. Finally we pulled up to My Father’s House. A crowd of children — 52 in all — rushed up to greet us.I couldn’t understand the words of the song they sang in Creole, but with the smiles on their faces I didn’t need to.Each child planted a big kiss on my cheek.
Carol and Pastor Ronald led us into the main building. Pastor Ronald told us that there was a collection of tents.Many of these children came to the orphanage after the earthquake.They still didn’t feel safe sleeping under a roof.But there was no sign of fear in the playroom inside.I played dolls and other games.Children I’d just met presented me with pictures they’d drawn and letters written in Creole.In the evening the children gathered in the dining room.They took turns reading aloud and then they all joined in a song.The words were strange, but the tune sounded familiar.They’d lost so much, yet were so joyful.
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