2021-2022学年湖北省宜昌市夷陵中学高二寒假检测（基础训练）6英语试题含答案

这是一份2021-2022学年湖北省宜昌市夷陵中学高二寒假检测（基础训练）6英语试题含答案，共9页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，语法填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。

B
The flwers are blming and the birds are singing as Melinda sits in the rse garden f the nursing hme. She is recalling ld times as she waits fr her family’s arrival. The nursing hme has been Melinda; s new settlement ever since Thmas passed away a week ag. Thmas had fught a lng and hard battle against lung cancer fr three years. Unfrtunately, he has brken the prmise that he and Melinda had made: t be with each ther fr every birthday. Melinda knew this was unrealistic（不现实的）but agreed t the prmise fr Thmas’s sake.
“Thmas, yu are cmpletely a dreamer" Melinda shuted t Thmas as he dragged n abut living n an island with his beautiful wife. That’s what she lved abut him mst — he had a vivid imaginatin. They gt married at age eighteen and began having children right away. Mary came within the year, fllwed by Thmas Benjamin Ⅱ, Lilly- Ann, and Jseph “Little Jey” Gerge. The family lived an exultant life filled with laughter and lve.
“Mm! ” Lilly shuted? But it really sunded like a hwl. Melinda had lst herself in thinking abut the life she had shared with her late husband. Lilly pushed her dwn the lng dark halls f the nursing hme until they arrived at the recreatinal rm.
When the drs pened, Melinda put her hand ver her muth and was cmpletely speechless. The rm was crwded with the peple nearest and clearest t her and the warmth and lve was felt instantly. The night went n; stries and ccktails were shared and everything was perfect.
Hwever, when Melinda caught a mment t herself she lked arund at her family. With a smile n her face, she raised her Manhattan and called ut fr a tast. This ne is fr yu, Thmas, thugh yu are nt here.
24. Which f the fllwing best explains “exultant” underlined in Paragraph 2?
A. Peaceful.B. Simple.C. Stressful.D. Happy.
25. Why did Thmas break his prmise?
A. He was busy with his wrk. B. He died f lung cancer.
C. He had t serve in the army. D. He stpped lving Melinda.
26. What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. Melinda’s children frgt their father. B. Melinda was tired f nise.
C. Melinda missed her husband badly. D. Melinda liked t drink alchl.
27. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. A Particular Birthday B. A Wman at a Nursing Hme
C. Memries f Old Day D. A Big Surprise fr Melinda
D
Cigarettes aren’t just harmful when they’re being smked. Even when cigarette ends g ut and are cld, new research has fund they cntinue t give ff harmful chemicals in the air. In the first 24 hurs alne, scientists say a used cigarette end will prduce 14 percent f the nictine（尼古丁）that an actively burning cigarette wuld prduce.
While mst f these chemicals are released within a day f being put ut, an analysis fr the United States Fd and Drug Administratin (FDA) fund the level f nictine fell by just 50% five days later.
“I was abslutely surprised, since envirnmental engineer Dustin Pppendieck frm the United States Natinal Institute f Standards and Technlgy (NIST) . The numbers are significant and culd have imprtant impacts when cigarette ends are dealt with indrs r in cars. While much attentin has been paid t the health influence f first-hand, secnd-hand and nw third-hand smking, it is nt the case when it cmes t the actual cigarette end f the matter. ”
T measure emissins（排放）frm this frgtten thing, Pppendieck and his team placed 2, 1 00 cigarettes that were recently put ut inside a special rm. Once the ends were sealed away, the team measured eight chemicals cmmnly prduced by cigarettes, fur f which the FDA have their eye n fr being harmful r ptentially s.
After setting the rm’s temperature, the researchers tested hw emissins changed under certain cnditins. When the air temperature f the rm was higher, fr instance, they nticed the ends prduced these chemicals at higher rates. This finding might discurage thse wh want t leave ashtrays（烟灰缸）ut fr days at a time, especially in the heat.
32. What d the researchers say abut cigarette ends?
A. They cntain little nictine.
B. They give ff nictine fr days.
C. They prduce n nictine five days later.
D. They create as much nictine as burning cigarettes.
33. What d Pppendieck’s wrds suggest?
A. First-hand smking des mst harm. B. The findings are within his expectatin.
C. Cigarettes shuld be dealt with indrs. D. Health influence f cigarette ends is ignred.
34. Which wrd best describes the authr’s attitude t nt cleaning ashtrays fr days?
A. Disapprving.B. Uncncerned.C. Puzzled.D. Unclear.
35. What can be the best title fr the text?
A. Cigarettes Are Mre Harmful While Being Smked
B. Research Fund Reasns Fr Cigarette Ends’ Harm
C. Cigarette Ends Prduce Mre Chemicals in the Heat
D. Used Cigarette Ends Release Harmful Chemicals
二、七选五
Happiness begins frm appreciatin
If yu are feeling that life just cannt be any wrse fr yu, it can be challenging t think psitive. When stressed, depressed, upset r therwise in a negative state f mind because yu are aware that misfrtune keeps ccurring, it is imprtant t shift thse negative thughts t smething psitive. 36
It is ften very hard t think psitive when s many things are negative, but be sure that smene, smewhere is wrse ff than yu. 37 If yu start with ne small, psitive thing and appreciate it during the curse f yur day, yu will begin t mve int a mre psitive situatin and peple will start shwing up in yur life. With appreciatin, yu will find that ver time, yu will change yur utlk and chse t be happy, regardless f the events arund yu. 38
• Begin and end each day with a “Thank yu fr this wnderful, glrius day! ”
• When yu see the rise f gas prices, say “I am s glad t have a vehicle in which t get arund.
• When yur bss is t hard n yu, say “I am grateful fr my jb as I knw that many dn’t have ne. ”
• If yu are having health prblems, be grateful fr what des wrk: I really d appreciate it that my eyes see, my ears hear, my muth tastes, my legs walk, my arms lift and my mind thinks and everything else wrks.
• Write clwn what yu’re grateful fr each clay. In mments when yu’re feeling really dwn, read lud what yu wrte previusly. 39 If yu practice this regularly, yu will find yur list getting lnger and lnger.
The key is t mve yurself int a psitive thught and keep it there lng enugh t make it a mment f appreciatin. 40
A. This will certainly help uplift yur spirits.
B. If nt, yu will nly attract mre misfrtune.
C. It is f great imprtance t learn t be grateful.
D. The mre yu appreciate, the happier yu’ll be.
E. If yu have made sme achievements in yur career.
F. Here are a few cmmn examples fr yu t practice.
G. Yu can chse t think differently by beginning with the smallest f steps.
三、完形填空
An act f kindness desn’t have t be a grand gesture. Even thse small acts f kindness can make a difference in smene’s day. That was just the case fr Amie Mickey when she 41 a bumper sticker n her car reading: Yu Matter.
Amie started t d this several years ag. At first, she wndered if peple wuld 42 it. Hwever, much t her surprise, she began seeing a fld f 43 every time she hit the rad. Mre ften than nt, peple 44 slwly near her car wuld rll dwn their windws, raising their 45 , waving and smiling. Smetimes, she even fund sme sticky ntes left n her windshield saying things like “Yu 46 t! ” Once while she was driving dwn the highway, she became 47 when a man driving a sprts car at a high speed pulled his car alngside suddenly, waving and muthing, “Yu matter! ” Thugh it tk her sme time t recver frm the 48 , she still felt happy. Last year, smene 49 her car while she was waiting fr her friend in the car by the radside, saying t her, “It is a（an.） 50 sticker. I’ve seen varius stickers befre, but nne f them have tuched me as yur sticker has clne. The tw small wrds n the sticker seem simple enugh, but they really struck a chrd with many cmplete strangers wh 51 t catch sight f the sticker.
Stries like Amie’s really 52 the rest f us. Smetimes a kind wrd r gesture may lift ur 53 and it desn’t cst a thing except fr a little extra thught. Maybe it means ffering a friend a hug, praising the children when their children 54 well in schl, helping smene ut r vlunteering at animal shelters r shelters fr the hmeless. Acts f kindness are waiting everywhere. Small as they seem, they can make a 55 impact n the wrld, and help frm general gdness.
41. A. picked up B. put up C. fixed up D. tre up
42. A. neglect B. verlk C. ntice D. watch
43. A. strangers B. attentin C. cnfusin D. truble
44. A. running B. driving C. walking D. riding
45. A. vices B. hats C. shulders D. thumbs
46. A. cunt B. share C. value D. matter
47. A. frightened B. frustrated C. embarrassed D. disappinted
48. A. parking B. speed C. incident D. event
49. A. apprached B. blcked C. repaired D. cleaned
50. A. imprtant B. special C. typical D. skeptical
51. A. happened B. ccurred C. managed D. ffered
52. A. shck B. inspire C. delight D. satisfy
53. A. feelings B. thughts C. spirits D. minds
54. A. wrk B. exercise C. cnduct D. behave
55. A. psitive B. subjective C. reliable D. brief
四、语法填空
UK Prime Minister Bris Jhnsn has started plans fr a “cycling and walking revlutin”. It, if fully 56 （realize.）, culd change the way peple mve arund twns and cities.
The mve cmes as authrities; attempt 57 （imprve.）public health by arusing peple’s interest in traveling by bike and n ft. The plans, which are 58 （special.）designed fr England, are t be funded by £2 billin.
Wide-ranging in their scpe? they include 59 （aspect.）such us: prviding cycling training t children and adults 60 they want it, develping a netwrk f prtected bike rutes, and creating “lw-traffic neighbrhds.”
Xavier Brice, the CEO f Sustrans, a charity which fcused n cycling and walking, 61 （say.）the new plans marked “a big step frward” by the gvernment. “By 62 （help.）mre peple t leave the car at hme fr shrter jurneys, this package f measures will cut pllutin and imprve the safety f ur streets,” he added.
The crnavirus pandemic has already had a significant effect 63 the way peple mve abut. Public transprt use in the UK has fallen greatly while sme parts f the cuntry 64 （change.）their rads lately t make 65 easier fr peple t get arund by walking r by bike.
六
一、阅读理解
B篇答案：24-27 DBCA
24. D 词义猜测题。结合上文语境和后面的“life filled with laughter and lve”可知，生活充满了笑声和爱，由此可推断出，他们过着开心的生活，故选D。
25. B 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Thmas passed away a week ag. ”和“Unfrtunately, he has brken the prmise that he and Melinda had made...”可知，他没有遵守诺言是因为他去世了，故选B。
26. C 推理判断题。最后一段讲述了梅琳达和家人欢聚，她举起酒和大家干杯，根据最后一句“This ne is fr yu, Thmas, thugh yu are nt here. 可知，她时刻都在惦记她的丈夫；结合上文他们一家人曾经生活的非常开心，她和丈夫十分恩爱，由此可推断出，梅琳达非常想念她的丈夫。故选C。
27. A 标题归纳题。文章开头讲述了梅琳达在养老院等待家人到来的时候，回想起丈夫和自己的约定：每年的生日都在一起。在最后，大家举杯庆祝的时候，她大声说：这是给你的，托马斯，虽然你不在这里。由此我们可以推断出，本文的标题应为“一个特别的生日”。故选A。
D篇答案：32-35 BDAD
32. B 细节理解题。根据第二段“While mst f these chemicals are released within a day f being put ut, an analysis fr the United States Fd and Drug Administratin (FDA) fund the level f nictine fell by just 50% five days later. ”可知，烟熄灭后，尼古丁的浓度在五天以后仅下降一半，也就是说熄灭的烟蒂好几天都会释放尼古丁。故选B。
33. D 推理判断题。根据第三段中Pppendieck所说的“While much attentin has been paid t the health influence f first-hand, secnd-hand and nw third-hand smking, it is nt the case when it cmes t the actual cigarette end f the matter. ”可知，尽管人们很关注一手烟、二手烟对健康的影响，现在也关注了三手烟对健康的影响。但当谈到烟蒂对健康的影响时，情况就并非如此了。此处暗示着，人们不像关注一手烟、二手烟和三手烟对健康的影响那样关注烟蒂对健康的影响，即它的健康影响被忽视了。故选D。
34. A 情感态度题。根据最后一段中的“When the air temperature f the rm was higher, fr instance, they nticed the ends prduced these chemicals at higher rates. ”可知，温度高时，烟蒂释放有害的化学物质的速度更快。再根据“This finding might discurage thse wh want t leave ashtrays（烟灰缸）ut fr days at a time, especially in the heat. ”可知，这个发现可能会打消那些人尤其是在高温情况下都放着烟灰缸好几天不管的念头，这说明作者并不认同这种做法。故选A。
35. D 主旨大意题。这是一篇说明文，文章第一段概括了主题，即研究发现用过的烟蒂会释放有害化学物质。故选D。
二、七选五：36-40 BGFAD
36. B。根据前句When stressed, depressed, upset r therwise in a negative state f mind because yu are aware that misfrtune keeps ccurring, it is imprtant t shift thse negative thughts t smething psitive. 选项从反面说明，“如果不作调整，你只会招来更多不幸”。
37. G。后句“If yu start with ne small, psitive thing...”中start with与选项中begin with表述一致。
38. F。承上启下。上文提到，不管你周围发生什么，只要心怀感恩，你就会改变观点，选择快乐。下文谈到的是一些常见的做法。
39. A 。本段主题句Write dwn what yu’re grateful fr each day. 本空及后文是讲这么做的好处。
40. D 。本空是对全文的总结，表明作者的观点和态度：越感激，越幸福。
三、完形填空：41-45 BCBBD 46-50 DACAB 51-55ABCDA
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了Amie Mickey在汽车保险杠后贴了一张写着“你很重要”的纸条。通过这种小的善意行为来传播正能量。
41. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Amie Mickey就是这样子的，她在自己的汽车保险杠上贴了一张贴纸，上面写着：你很重要。A. picked up 捡起，接收；B. put up 举起，张贴。C. fixed up 修理，解决；D. tre up 撕毁。通过上下文分析，后文44题提到“在她的车附近缓慢行驶的人们会摇下车窗，竖起大拇指，挥手微笑”。是因为人们看得到了她保险杠上贴着一张写着“你很重要”的贴纸。故选B项。
42. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，她想知道人们是否会注意到它。A. watch 观看；B. verlk 忽视；C. ntice 注意；D. neglect 忽视，忽略。通过上下文分析，此处和后文43空提到 “每次出门会有很多人来关注它。” 相呼应。故选C项。
43. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，令她吃惊的是，她开始发现，每一次出门，就会有很多人来关注它。A strangers 陌生人；B. attentin 注意；C. cnfusin 疑惑；D. truble 麻烦。通过上下文分析，上文提到 “起初，她想知道人们是否会注意到它” 。接着出现 “然而”，前后转折表示他引起了很多人的关注。故选B项。
44. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常情况下，在她的车附近缓慢行驶的人们会摇下车窗，竖起大拇指，挥手微笑。A. running 跑；B. driving 行驶；C. walking 散步；D. riding 骑行。通过上下文分析，空后提到 “人们摇下车窗”，可知此处表示缓慢开车的人的。故选B项。
45. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：竖起大拇指，挥手微笑。A. vices 声音；B. hats 帽子；C. shulders 肩膀；D. thumbs 拇指。通过上下文分析，空后提到人们挥手，微笑。同时根据下文可知，人们对她的行为表示称赞。故此处的thumbs表示称赞认可，所以竖起拇指。故选D项。
46. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时，她甚至发现一些便利贴留在挡风玻璃上，上面写着“你也很重要! ” A. cunt 数数；B. share 分享；C. value 评价；D. matter 要紧。通过上下文分析，此处和前句提到别人对她的行为表示 “赞赏，挥手，微笑” 并列。也是表达了别人对她行为的认可。同时和47空处提到的 “Yu matter! ” 相呼应。故选D项。
47. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一次她在高速公路上开车，一个开着跑车的男人突然把车开到她旁边，一边挥手一边说：“你很重要! ”她吓了一跳。A. frightened 害怕的；B. frustrated 懊恼的，沮丧的，无效的；C. embarrassed 尴尬的，窘迫的；D. disappinted失望的。通过上下文分析，此处提到“突然把车开到她旁边”。所以作者应该感到很害怕。故选A项。
48. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然她花了一段时间才从那次事件中恢复过来，但她仍然感到快乐。A. parking 停车；B. speed 速度；C. incident 事件；D. event大事件，项目。通过上下文分析，此处指代上题提到的 “一个开着跑车的男人突然把车开到她旁边，一边挥手一边说：“你很重要! ” 。因此作者感到“吓一跳”，后文指作者从这次事件中恢复过来。故选C项。
49. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年，当她在路边等朋友的时候，有人走近了她的车，对她说：“这是一个特殊的贴纸。”A. apprached 接近，靠近；B. blcked 阻塞；C. repaired 修理；D. cleaned 清理。通过上下文分析，该空的动词和同句中的“saying”构成前后的逻辑关系。先走进，然后说。故选A项。
50. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对她说：“这是一个特殊的贴纸。”A. imprtant 重要的；B. special 特别的；C. typical 典型的；D. skeptical 怀疑的。通过上下文分析，后句提到“I’ve seen varius stickers befre, but nne f them have tuched me as yur sticker has dne. ”（我以前见过各种各样的贴纸，但没有一个像你的贴纸那样让我感动）。可知，这个贴纸和他见过的其它贴纸不一样。故选B项。
51. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：贴纸上的这两个小字看起来很简单，但却引起了许多碰巧看到贴纸的陌生人的共鸣。A. happened 发生，刚巧；B. ccurred 发生；C. managed 管理；D. ffered 提供，供应。通过上下文分析，文章中提到的 “贴纸” 是Amie贴在保险杠上的，用来鼓励大家的。很多人都是碰巧无意中看到而受感动的。故选A项。
52. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：像Amie这样的故事真的激励了我们其他人。A. shck 使震惊；B. inspire 启发，激发；C. delight 使高兴；D. satisfy 满足。通过上下文分析，后文讲到Amie的行为给人们带来了一些思考即启发了人们。故选B项。
53. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候，一句友善的话语或一个手势可能会让我们的精神振奋起来，而且它不需要花费任何东西，只需要多考虑一下。A. feelings 感觉，情感；B. thughts 思想，想法；C. spirits 精神；D. minds 思想，主意。通过上下文分析，前文提到 “像Amie这样的故事真的激励了我们其他人” 。同时在最后一句话提到 “他们看似渺小，却能对世界产生积极的影响” 。综合分析，一些小行为会振奋我们的精神。故选C项。
54. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许这意味着给朋友一个拥抱，当孩子在学校表现良好时表扬他们。A. wrk 工作；B. exercise 锻炼；C. cnduct 组织，实施；D. behave 表现。通过上下文分析，表扬孩子，是因为他们在学校的表现不错。故选 D项。
55. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们看似渺小，却能对世界产生积极的影响，帮助形成社会的善意。A. psitive 积极的；B. subjective 主观的；C. reliable 可靠的；D. brief 简短的。通过上下文分析，此处是对上文进行总结：前文提到了Amie的这种行为，给人们带来了很多的共鸣，激励其他人。还提到“有时候，一句友善的话语或一个手势可能会让我们的精神振奋起来”。同时在空后讲到“这些行为帮助我们形成社会的善意”。可知，这些行为的影响是积极的。故选A项。
四、语法填空
56. realized 考查过去分词做状语与状语从句的省略。
57. t imprve 考查不定式做后置定语
58. specially 考查副词修饰动词。
59. aspects 考查名词的单复数
60. if/ when 考查逻辑关系与状语从句的引导词。
61. said 考查含有同位语成分的句子中谓语动词。
62. helping 考查动词ing形式做介词宾语。
63. n 考查介词n在常见的搭配中的运用。
64. have changed 考查谓语动词与现在完成时态。
65. it考查代词it做形式宾语。