初中中考英语宾语从句精讲经典课件

这是一份初中中考英语宾语从句精讲经典课件，共28页。PPT课件主要包含了宾语从句，连接词，宾语从句种类，宾语从句三要素，一 连接词，二 陈述与语序，三 时态，that，Whetherif，特殊疑问词等内容，欢迎下载使用。
宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。
He likes apples. (名词作宾语）D yu knw him? （代词作宾语）D yu mind pening the dr? （动名词短语作宾语）The little girl decides t leave alne. （不定式作宾语）
We knw the teacher. 我们认识那个老师。 主S 谓V 宾O我们知道他来自中国。We knw that he cmes frm China.主S 谓V 主S 谓V 宾O
定义：由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。
宾语从句Object clause
将下列中文句子去掉引号，由直接引语变为间接引语。
妈妈说：“我今天去超市购物了。”我问他们：“你们昨天做作业了吗？”李明问我：“你昨天去哪里了？”
妈妈说她今天去超市购物了。我问他们昨天他们是否做作业了？李明问我昨天去哪里了。
总结：1. 宾语从句即是将直接引语变为间接引语，从句的人称需做相应的变化。 2. 宾语从句可以是陈述句，一般疑问句或是特殊疑问句。
宾语从句多数在及物动词后面，除此之外，还有介词后面跟宾语从句，及be动词后面跟部分表示情感的形容词时（sure、afraid、srry、glad等）也可跟宾语从句。Fr example：They wnder wh will climb the muntain with me. 他们想知道谁将和我一起去爬山。（动词后面的宾语从句）We are talking abut what we shuld d. 我们正谈论我们应该做什么。（介词后面的宾语从句）I am sure that he will cme again. 我肯定他会再来。（形容词后面的宾语从句）
连接词+主语+谓语+其它
that 宾语从句（引语）是陈述句，且连接词只起连接作用，不在从句中作任何成分，也不翻译出意思时，用that连接（在口语或非正式文体中常省去）。
She says: “I want t jin yu.”她说她想加入我们。 She says (that) she wants t jin us.
2. whether/if宾语从句（引语）是一个一般疑问句时，用whether/if“是否”连接，whether/if表示“是否”之意。
Mike wnders: “Will my father take me t the park？”迈克想知道他爸爸是否会带他去公园。 Mike wnders whether/if his father will take him t the park.
3. 特殊疑问词宾语从句（引语）是一个特殊疑问句时，用特殊疑问词连接。what、wh、which、whse、when、where、why、hw、hw many、hw ld、hw lng等。
Tm asks me: “When can we get there？”Tm问我：“我们什么时候能到那里？” Tm asks me when we can get there.
练一练：选择合适的连接词完成下面的句子。(whether、that、hw many、what）I knw ________ this is a bk.She wants t knw ________ it will rain tmrrw.They wnder _______ we shuld d next.The girls asks ________ bks yu have.
二、语序 陈述句结构叫陈述语序 This is a clthes shp. 这是一家服装店。 疑问句结构叫疑问语序 Is this a clthes shp? 这是一家服装店吗？
宾语从句的语序一定是陈述句语序即“连接词+主谓宾/主系表”结构。
将下列句子改为陈述句语序。1. Is there a river beside yur schl? 2. Will they g t the z sn?3. Are they ding hmewrk nw?4. Where des he live?
There is a river beside yur schl.
They will g t the z sn.
They are ding hmewrk nw.
选择下面的句子与上面的句子构成宾语从句。I knw…She wants t knw…
Where he lives
三、时态当主句是现在时，宾语从句根据自身的需要选择时态；
填一填。 he ____________ (be) a wrker three mnths ag. he _____________(be) an English teacher nw.I hear that he ____________ (draw) a picture nw. he ____________ (be) in the twn fr tw years. he ____________ (g) t the cinema in tw hurs. he _____________ (d) his hmewrk this time yesterday.
当主句是过去时，宾语从句需用相应的过去时；若宾语从句是科学真理、格言或客观事实等，从句用一般现在时。
将下列句子变为宾语从句。He will g t the museum tmrrw.He is ill.He is reading a bk.He has finished the wrk.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
he ____________ t the museum the next day. he ____________ ill.He said he ____________ a bk. he ____________ the wrk. the sun ____________ in the east and __________ in the west.
was reading
had finished
口诀：主现从随意，主过从过去，真理永一现。
1. that（陈述句）
2. whether/if（一般疑问句）
3. 特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句）
连接词+主谓（宾）或主系表结构
客观真理，自然现象，名言警句等时态不变。
-I wuld like t visit Jenny this afternn. D yu knw ____?-Srry, I dn't knw her address, either.A. why she lives B. wh she lives withC. where she livesD. hw she lives
2. - Culd yu tell me ____? I must find him.- Srry. I have n idea. But he was here just nw.A. where Tm wasB. where Tm has gneC. where can I find TmD. where Tm has been
3. -Hi, Bruce. Here is a letter fr yu. -Thanks. I wndered ____.A. wh was the letter frmB. wh was frm the letterC. wh the letter is frmD. wh the letter was frm
4. Peter knew ____.A. whether he has finished reading the bkB. why the by had s many questinsC. there were 12 mnths in a yearD. when will they leave fr Paris
5. -I want t knw ____ n WeChat (微信) every day.-Abut half an hur.A. hw lng d yu spendB. hw lng yu spendC. hw sn d yu spendD. hw sn yu spend
6. -David asked ____ in China.-Of curse nt. Chinese usually shake hands with a lady as a greeting.A. why he can greet a lady by kissing herB. Why he culd greet a lady by kissing herC. Whether he can greet a lady by kissing herD. Whether he culd greet a lady by kissing her
按要求完成句子，每空一词。 1. “Will the exhibitin be held in Shanghai? Olivia asked her secretary. (改为间接引语)Olivia asked her secretary ________ the exhibitin ________ be held in Shanghai.
whether/if wuld
按要求完成句子，每空一词。 1. -Why des Jim send flwers t Ms Grey every September? he wndered. (改为宾语从句)He wndered ________ Jim ________ flwers t Ms Grey every September.
why sent
一般情况下，if和whether可互换，有些特殊情况只用whether。
1. 介词后面的宾语从句一般只用whether引导。I am nt interested in whether yu are right. 我对你是否正确不感兴趣。2. 引导宾语从句，句子置于句首，表示强调时，只用whether。Whether they are interested in this prject, I dn’t knw. 他们是否对这个项目感兴趣，我不知道。
3. 当宾语从句变为简单句时，与不定式连用，用whether，不用if。I really dn’t knw when t start. 我真的不知道什么时候开始。4. 直接与r nt连用时，用whether，不用if。They wnder whether r nt it will rain this afternn. 他们想知道今天下午是否会下雨。
what is the matter/prblem/truble with…、what is wrng with…和what happened这几个句子中，what都是句子的主语，所以在从句中不需要变语序。 Tm wants t knw what’s the matter with his father. Tm想知道他父亲发生了什么事。2. wh在从句中作主语时，语序也不需要变。 They are guessing wh is singing in the next rm. 他们正在猜测谁在隔壁房间唱歌。
宾语从句变简单句宾语从句转换为简单句时，可用“连接词+不定式t d”结构替换。They have decided when they will get up tmrrw. 他们已经决定了明天什么时候起床.They have decided when t get up tmrrw.
2. 否定转移当主句的主语是第一人称，谓语为think、believe（相信）、guess等时，其后的宾语从句的否定形式应转移到主句上。（翻译时，需将否定后移）I dn’t think he can run faster than his brther. 我认为他没他哥哥跑的快。
3. 反意疑问句含从句的反意疑问句，附加问句一般根据主句进行变换。 The little by is afraid that his parents will leave, isn’t he? 那个小男孩害怕他的父母会离开，是吗？对于否定转移的主从复合句，反意疑问句中的附加问句根据从句进行变换，且要把否定移回到从句上。 I dn’t think she can ride a hrse, can she? 我认为她不会骑马，是吗？