应用文专题03 非书信类（发言稿、通知、报道、日记） -2022年新高考英语新题型写作三合一解读+专项训练

应用文专题02 非书信类（发言稿、通知、报道、日记）TOC \o "1-3" \h \u  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc15152" 一、演讲稿（发言稿  ）     PAGEREF _Toc15152 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc7228" Part 1：写作模板  PAGEREF _Toc7228 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc12242" Part 2：必背词句  PAGEREF _Toc12242 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc32653" Part 3：高考真题  PAGEREF _Toc32653 \h 7 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc9430" 二、通知  PAGEREF _Toc9430 \h 9 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc7097" Part 1：写作模板  PAGEREF _Toc7097 \h 9 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc22086" Part 2：必背词句   PAGEREF _Toc22086 \h 11 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc3760" Part 3：高考真题  PAGEREF _Toc3760 \h 14 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc7221" 三、报道    PAGEREF _Toc7221 \h 15 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc17036" Part 1：写作模板  PAGEREF _Toc17036 \h 15 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc18756" Part 2：必背词句   PAGEREF _Toc18756 \h 16 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc21658" 四、日记  PAGEREF _Toc21658 \h 17 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc28174" Part 1：写作模板  PAGEREF _Toc28174 \h 17 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc24955" Part 2：必背词句  PAGEREF _Toc24955 \h 18一、演讲稿（发言稿  ）                             Part 1：写作模板模板① Boys and girls/Ladies and gentlemen,It’s a great honor for me to stand here and give my speech._________（表示荣幸）My name is __________.（自我介绍）The topic of my speech is ___________.（提出演讲主题）To begin with, many people suggest that  ___________.（话题或现象列举）Secondly,  ___________. Thirdly,  ___________ .What I want to stress is that  ___________.（重申主题）For one thing, . For another, . Besides,  ___________.（原因或重要性列举）In a word,  ___________.（总结） 模板②Good morning/afternoon/evening, everyone,It’s nice to see all of you here. I feel honored to have opportunity to give/make/deliver you a speech is a great pleasure for me to speak here. The topic of my speech is ___________________./Today I will talk about ________________. /It’s nice to talk /speak about…(演讲的主题) First of all, ___________________. Besides, ________________. Secondly, _________________________. What’s more, __________________(具体内容)As far as I am concerned/In my opinion, _____________. From what has been discussed above, we can safely draw the conclusion that ____________. Thanks for your attention/listening.(总结演讲) 模板③Good afternoon，ladies and gentlemen.Today I would like to talk about________________(提出话题)．First of all，________________(叙述一)．Secondly，________________(叙述二)．When we_______________(提出条件)，we should________________(提出计划)．If everyone________________，I believe________________(自己的感想)．Thank you for listening! 【演讲稿写作要点】1. 为你的演讲选择一个主题，以听众为中心的方式选择你的演讲主题。2. 设定明确的主旨句、中心思想和主要要点，以听众为中心的方式设定这些内容，称谓要得体。3. 演讲稿要根据不同听众的来源，搜集听众信息，体现出听众的爱好，这样才可以很好地迎合他们的需要，更能确保听众会有正面的积极的反馈。4. 为你的演讲找论据。论据材料必须中肯、多样、详尽、恰当。【演讲稿的基本结构】【演讲稿写作步骤】第一步：对听众的称呼语最常用的是 Ladies and gentlemen，也可根据不同情况，选用 Fellow students, Distinguished guests, Mr Chairman, Honorable Judges(评委)等等。第二步：提出论题由于演讲的时间限制，必须开门见山，提出论题。提出论题的方法有各种各样，但最生动，最能引起注意的是用举例法。比如：你要呼吁大家关心贫穷地区的孩子，你可以用亲眼看到的或者收集到的那些贫穷孩子多么需要帮助的实例开始。另外，用具体的统计数据也是一个有效的引出论题的方法，比如：你要谈遵守交通规则的话题，你可以从举一系列有关车辆、车祸等的数据开始。第三步：论证对提出的论题，不可主观地妄下结论，而要进行客观的论证。这是演讲中最需要下功夫的部分。关键是要把道理讲清楚。常见的论证方法有举例法、因果法、对比法等等，可参见英语议论文的有关章节。第四步：结论结论要简明扼要，以给听众留下深刻印象。第五步：结尾结尾要简洁，不要拉拉扯扯，说个没完。特别是不要受汉语影响，说些类似＂准备不足，请谅解＂，＂请批评指正＂这样的废话。最普通的结尾就是：Thank you very much for your attention.Part 2：必背词句【经典句型一】最常用的演讲开场句型1.I am honored to 我很荣幸……【短评】这是演讲的第一大王牌句型，几乎每一场演讲都要以这个句型作为开场白。有人提出，这个句型已经到了陈词滥调（cliche）的地步。但是，谦虚永远是一种美德，这个句型之所以能被古今中外无数演讲大师所采用，当然有其吸引人的地方。2.I am honored to have a chance to speak to you today.我今天很荣幸跟大家讲几句。3.I am honored to be here on such a special occasion.我很荣幸在这个特别的时刻来到这里。4.I am honored to introduce the founder of Crazy English，Mr.Li Yang.我很荣幸地为大家介绍疯狂英语创始人—李阳先生。这个句型也可以说成＂It’s my (great) honor to＂ 【经典句型二】最具感情色彩的演讲句型1.Words can’t express 言语表达不了……2.Words can’t express how lucky I am.简直不能用言语来表达我有多幸运。3.Words can’t express how thankful I am.言语表达不了我的感激之情。 【经典句型三】最平实的演讲过度句型1.Today I want to talk to you about 今天我想跟你们谈谈……（演讲都有个主题，如何在演讲中介绍自己的主题呢？这个句型是最常用的。）2.Today I want to talk to you about a very important subject.今天我将和你们谈一个非常重要的话题。3.Today I want to talk to you about the future of business in China.今天我将和你们谈一谈中国的商业前景问题。 【经典句型四】最具表达力的演讲句型1.I sincerely hope 我衷心希望……2.I sincerely hope that you will take a minute to think about the future.我们真心希望你能花一点时间考虑一下未来。3.I sincerely hope that you will have a wonderful time tonight.我们衷心希望你们今晚过得开心。 【经典句型五】最具领导风格的演讲句型1.I ask all of you present to 我要求在座各位……2.I ask all of you present to join me in raising your glasses to our everlasting friendship.我要求在座的各位与我一起举杯，为我们的友谊长青干杯。3.I ask all of you present to join hands in the battle against corruption.我要求在座各位携起手来反腐败。 【经典句型六】最具感染力的演讲句型1.I know I speak for 我知道我在为……说话。2.I know I speak for the president and all the employees.我知道我是代表着经理和所有的员工在说话。3.I know I speak for several people in this room when I say that we are thankful for the improvements in the company.当我说我们为公司状况改善感到欣慰时，我知道这是代表你们当中几个人所说的。 【经典句型七】最具煽动性的演讲句型1.I want to remind 我想提醒……2.I want to remind you that it’s never too late to learn.3.我想提醒你们，无论何时开始学习都不迟。4.I want to remind you all that we share the responsibility.我想提醒大家，我们都得承担责任。 【经典句型八】最常用的演讲结束句型1.I wish you the best of luck in 我祝你……好运（这个句型不但演讲中常用，很多场合也能用得上，比如信函的结尾等。）2.I wish you the best of luck in your new business venture.祝你们新公司生意兴隆。3.I wish you the best of luck in everything you do.祝你们一切顺利。 【经典句型九】最具修辞色彩的演讲句型1.Ask not whatcan do for you, ask what you can do for    不要问……能为你做什么，问问你能为……做什么【短评】肯尼迪总统的那句＂Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.＂成了千古绝唱，为世人广为传颂。我们可以将他这个句子中的鱼骨抽出来，造出不少同样铿锵有力，同样震撼人心的句子。2.Ask not what China can do for you, ask what you can do for China.不要问中国能为你做什么，问问你能为中国做什么。3.Ask not what society can do for you, ask what you can do for society.不要问社会能为你做什么，问问你能为社会做什么。4.Ask not what others can do for you, ask what you can do for others.不要问别人能为你做什么，问问你能为别人做什么。【经典句型十】最具震撼力的演讲句型1. means a great deal to 对……意义重大。2.This project means a great deal to our company.这项目对我们公司来说意义重大。3.Our company’s success means a great deal to China.我们公司的成功对中国来说意义重大。 Part 3：高考真题高考真题01 2021年6月全国乙卷你校将举办英语演讲比赛，请你以 Be smart online learner 写一篇发言稿参赛,内容包括：1.分析优势及不足；2.提出学习建议。注意：1.词数100词左右； 2.题目和首句以为你写好。Be smart online learnerNowadays, on line study has been widely adopted and spread in campus among teenagers, with its swiftness, efficiency, as well as low cost. However, with an increasing number of students becoming online learners, how to be a smart online learner to make full use of online study has aroused wide attention. Here I’d like to call on all of us to be smart online learner. Compared with traditional schooling, learning online can happen anytime and anywhere. And we can review the lesson according our own schedule. However, online study can need more focus and self-discipline, and we don’t have classmates to discuss or have the teacher’s instruction in person like in physical class. What I call on here is to set up a timetable and try to combine online study with offline study. In addition, try to write down the problems and consulted the teacher in time. Don’t forget to review the knowledge on books. And limit study time to 2 hours a time to protect eyes. Finally, let’s be smart online learner and make more progress in study. Thank you for your listening! 高考真题02 2016年天津卷假设你是晨光中学的学生会主席李津。一批来自英国的高中生与你校学生开展了为期两周的交流活动。现在，他们即将回国，你将在欢送会上致辞。请根据以下提示写一篇发言稿。(1)回顾双方的交流活动（如学习、生活、体育、文艺等方面）；(2)谈谈收获或感想；(3)表达祝愿与期望。注意：(1)词数不少于100；(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；(3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear friends,How time flies! Thank you.【思路点拨】现在时，描述要尽量选择简洁的语言，运用合适的语法规则和词汇把各要点都准确表述出来。难点在于选择词汇和句型，可以灵活运用高级词汇和固定短语准确表述。还要用适当的连接词把句子连接起来，这样文章显得更连贯。【范文赏析】Dear friends, How time flies! Two weeks have passed since you came to our school for the exchange program, which we all have benefited from.During these two weeks, we have studied and lived together, which gives us the opportunity to promote our friendship. Doing sports as a team has enabled us to know each other better. Your art skills are excellent and admirable, which leaves me a deep impression. I think all our classmates have learned a lot from our communication and the various activities.Now, on behalf of my schoolmates, I wish you a safe return. I also hope that there will be more events of this kind in the future.Thank you. 二、通知Part 1：写作模板1．书面通知NOTICE/Notice(标题)Date(通知发布日期)In order to________________(目的)，________(事件) will be held________________(具体地点、时间)．The________________________(事件大体内容)．Those who________________________(要求)．All are welcome to come.The School Students' Union(发布通知者) 2．口头通知Boys and girls / Ladies and gentlemen / Friends(称呼)，May I have your attention，please？I have an announcement to make.________________(事件) will be held____________________(地点、时间)．The__________________(内容)．All the teachers and students are required________________________(要求)．That's all.Thank you. 模板③Ladies and gentlemen, may I have your attention, please? I have an announcement to make.（称呼语及开场白）________________.　　（正文部分，说明具体通知事项）　　All the teachers and students are required to attend it. Please take your notebooks and make notes./Please listen carefully and we’ll have a discussion in groups. Make sure you’ll come on time and don’t be late.（说明通知对象和注意事项）___________________　　Please come and join in it./ Everybody is welcome to attend it./I hope you’ll have a nice time here.（重申希望大家参加之情）_______________________________That’s all. Thank you.（结束语）模板④Notice ① will organize .②This activity aims to .③This activity is arranged to or so.It is planned to begin on .④The team members will be arranged to .Your main task is to .⑤Anyone who is welcome warmly.⑥Those who are interested can contact for further information.⑦Looking forward to your active participation. 口头通知　　口头通知要注意以下几点：　　(1) 要有称呼用语。如：在正式场合用的Ladies and gentlemen,对学生用的Boys and girls 等。　　(2) 要有开头语。常用的开头语有：　　May I have your attention, please?　　Be quite. There is something important I have to tell you.　　You need to know.　　I have something to tell you.　　(3) 时态问题。口头通知是要告诉大家即将进行的活动，因此要以一般将来时为主。　　(4) 人称问题。口头通知常用第二人称表示被通知的对象。　　(5) 要有结束语。常用的结束语有：　　That’s all. Thank you.　　Any questions? Does everyone understand? 书面通知　　书面通知具有以下特点：　　(1) 书面通知的正文上面的正中有NOTICE或ANNOUNCEMENT 标志。　　(2) 在正文最后的右下角要写上发通知的单位或组织者的姓名。　　(3) 在左下角写上发出通知的日期。 Part 2：必背词句                             1. 常用词语give a talk 做演讲give a concert 开音乐会hold a meeting / class / celebration举办会议/开展一堂课/举行庆祝活动attend a meeting / sports meet / lecture 参加会议/运动会/讲座have a class / meeting / discussion上课/开会/讨论make a trip 旅行set up a club 成立一个俱乐部set out(for) / arrive at...出发去/到达……show sb.around / visit a place带领某人参观某地meet at the gate of 在……的大门处见面go to a concert / the movies / the theatre / the cinema 去听音乐会/看电影join sb.in / take part in 参加2. 常用开头语Ladies and gentlemen / Boys and girls，may I have your attention，please！女士们，先生们/男孩们，女孩们，请注意！Attention，please！请注意！Be quiet，please！请安静！Listen，please.There is going to be... 请大家听我说……有一个……Excuse me，everyone！I'd like to tell you that... 各位，打扰一下。我想要告诉大家……I have an announcement to make. 我要宣布一个消息。I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事情告诉大家。3. 常用句型There is going to be a talk on... 有一个关于……的演讲。The meeting will be held in.../ A lecture will be given at... 会议/演讲将会在……举行。We are going to hold a discussion over... 我们将会就……进行讨论。The Dream Club has decided to hold a meeting on... 梦幻俱乐部会就……举行会议。All the members are expected to attend it. 所有的成员都要出席。Everyone will be welcome.欢迎各位到来。You are required to take notes during the lecture. 讲座期间，请做笔记。Please be there on time./Please attend it on time. 请准时出席。Make sure that you.../ Be sure to... 确保……That's all.Thank you./Thank you for listening. 就是这样。谢谢。/感谢倾听。 口头通知套语(1) 在用口头下达通知时，发通知者通常要将听通知人的注意力吸引过来，这类表达常见的有：May I have your attention, please?Attention please, everyone. I have an announcement to make.Be quite. There is something important I have to tell you.I have something (important) to tell you.I’m glad to tell you something important.(2) 其他用于口头通知的固定套语(如叫听者不要迟到、欢迎某人参加某活动等)：Everyone is asked to be there on time.Be sure not to be late.please be present on time.please take your notebooks with you and be sure on time.Those who are interested in it are warmly welcome.(3) 口头通知的结束套语主要有：That’s all. Thank you very much. 书面通知套语常用的开头语有：All teachers and students will be required to…(全体师生务必要……)Notice is hereby given that…(兹通知……)Our school / The Student Union will / is going to hold…A lecture will be given at 7:00 this evening in…常用的结束语有：Everybody is expected to attend it.Be sure to attend it on time.Please / Do be present on time. Part 3：高考真题高考真题01 （2018·新课标卷II）你受学生会委托为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一则通知，请大家观看一部英语短片Growing Together，内容包括：(1)短片内容：学校的发展；(2)放映时间、地点；(3)欢迎对短片提出意见。注意：(1)词数100左右；(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________纵观全国II卷英语书面表达，从题材上来讲，除了2014年考查了记叙文，十年中九年均考查了应用文，应用文占90%。所以考生在高考的英语写作的准备中应当把重心放在应用文上，熟练掌握英语应用文写作的几个相关专项，并且熟识高考英语基础词汇。【写作点拨】英语书面通知的时态应该以一般将来时为主，多使用被动语态、简单句。在通知中不应当过度的使用较复杂的词语和读起来拗口的句子。第二个注意点：层次一定要清晰，一个层次要表达一件事情，使人看起来一目了然。【满分范文】Boys and girls,May I have your attention, please? Recently, an outstanding movie will be shown in our campus. Welcome to join us end enjoy it! Here are some relevant details about it.To begin with, the name of the movie is Growing together, which is about the development of our beloved school; as a result, it will be not only meaningful but also interesting. Besides, it will be in the library from 2:00 to 4:00 in the afternoon on June 9th . What’s more, everyone of you will be welcome to take part in it, enjoying the movie, having a heated discussion afterwards and giving your own comments.    Hopefully, you would make it to our activity. I have the confidence that you will have a great time.The Student Union 三、报道  Part 1：写作模板Headline（标题）On National Day________went to________(导语：揭示核心内容)．Upon their arrival________．Then they________．When______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(正文：对事件或人物进行详细描写)．What they did has________________________________________(结束语：概括、总结或预测)． Part 2：必背词句                            1. 常用词语hot news 最新消息，journalist记者，contributor投稿者，report报道，feedback反馈，cover the event 报道这件事，said / revealed / announced / quoted说，显示，witness见证，at present/currently/nowadays 目前，these years 这些年，in the past several decades 在过去的几十年里 2. 常用句型It was reported / learnt / announced that... 据报道/据悉/据宣布……Thanks to / Owing to / Due to...由于……With the rapid development / progress of...，great changes have taken place in... 随着……的飞速发展/进步，……已经发生了巨大变化。With the arrival of the information age / knowledge economy age... 随着信息时代/知识经济时代的到来，……In the past few years，there has been... 在过去的几年里，……Nowadays more and more people begin to realize / be aware of / notice the importance of...现今，越来越多的人开始意识到……的重要性。Recently the issue / problem of...has been brought into focus / brought to public attention / concern.According to the survey / investigation / analysis / report released / made by...there is a(n) growing / increasing / declining number of...根据……的调查/分析/报道，……的数量正在增加/减少。 四、日记Part 1：写作模板模板①(月、日、年、星期、天气)　　(标题)　　Today/Yesterday, I/we .(事件)　　In the morning, we ______________; then ______________; after that______________ . By the time we had a good time. Finally . I’ll never forget the memorable day! ______________________________________ (事件经过)　　From this activity, I have learned that/I think . ______________ (事件意义和自己的感想) 模板②Date Day of the week Today is ______________. This afternoon I went to ______________. Then I______________. Sitting on the train, I thought ______________. At the next station, ______________. She looked ______________. I hesitated ______________. The old lady ______________. Seeing her smile, I _______________. I will ______________. 1. 格式Monday，Tuesday.../ Oct.1，2017 (星期，日期)rainy，cloudy，sunny，fine，warm (天气)2. 正文Today is Tree Planting Day.今天是植树节。Firstly...，Secondly...,Thirdly...，at first，afterwards，then，later on，soon，finally，at last(表示事情先后顺序的词语)at 7：30 in the morning 早晨7：30On my way to...this morning，...今天早晨，我在去……的路上……It is Sunday today.This morning，we had a voluntary activity... 今天是星期天。早晨，我们有个自发的活动……We visited...with...我们和……一起参观了……3. 结尾From the experience we have learned a lot. 通过这次经历，我们学到了很多。I benefited a lot from the activity. 我从此次活动中获益颇多。We can realize that...我们能够意识到……What an unforgettable experience！多么令人难忘的一次经历！What a fine day！多么美好的一天！This is the lesson we should learn. 这是我们应当吸取的教训。Though tired，I felt very happy. 虽然很累，但我很高兴。【写作模板】Part 2：必背词句日记是用来记录一天中所发生的有意义的、值得记录的事件。在日记中，人们会对事件发表议论，阐述一下自己的态度或体会。日记中所记录的事情可以是自己的直接经历也可以是描述他人的事情。日记的种类有很多种，从体裁角度，可以分为记事型日记和议论型日记。记事型日记是以某种顺序描述某一件事情发生发展的过程。而议论型日记是针对当天的某一事件或某一现象表明自己的看法或态度。 日记的篇章结构可以从以下几个角度入手：首先要对所发生的事件或现象进行描述。按照事件发展的先后顺序进行，适当添加对天气或景物或心情的描述。其次要发表感想或议论，针对事件进行感悟或议论性的描述，以使文章有所立意。最后要对未来提出展望或推测，或表示决心、态度、观点、意图、希冀等。写好英文日记要注意以下几点： 1. 日记的格式  英文日记通常由书端和正文两个部分组成。日记常以第一人称记下当天生活中的所见、所闻、所做或所想的事情。中、英文的日记三格式大致一样。英语日记的书端是专门写日记的日期、星期和天气的。左上角是日期(年、月、日)、星期。右上角写上当天的天气情况，如：Sunny，Fine，Rainy，Windy，Snowy，Cloudy等。 （1）日期表达有多种形式。年、月、日都写时，通常以月、日、年为顺序，月份可以缩写，日和年用逗号隔开。例如：   A)September 1，2017或September 1st，2017也可省略写成Sept. 1，2017或Sept. 1st，2017;the 1st of September in 2004(月份不可以缩写)   B)只有月、日：September 1或September 1st(月份可以缩写)   C)只有年、月：September 2004或the September of 2004(月份不可以缩写)   以上的1或1st都应读作the first. （2）星期也可以省略不写，可将其放在日期前或后，星期和日期之间不用标点，但要空一格，星期也可缩写。如：   Saturday，October 22nd，2004;October 22nd，2004 Saturday （3）天气情况必不可少。天气一般用一个形容词如：Sunny，Fine，Rainy，Snowy 等表示。写在日期之后，用逗号隔开，位于日记的右上角。如：   Saturday，March 4，2017，Windy;1st January，2017，Fine 2. 日记的时态：由于日记是对当天所发生事情的回顾，故常用一般过去时。在发表议论或感想时，也可使用现在完成时或一般将来时。 3. 日记的人称：因为日记是记载自己的亲身经历，故应用第一人称，语言尽量口语化，按照事情发生的先后顺序，清楚、准确、连贯地把事情表达出来。 首段简短介绍1. 欢迎听众 (welcome your audience)2. 介绍主题 / 自我介绍 (brief introduction of your subject) * Today I am going to talk about … * The purpose of my presentation is to introduce…3. 说明演讲结构 (explain the structure of your speech) * I’ll mainly talk about three points… * During my talk, I’ll be looking at three areas. First,… Second,…Third,… * I’ve divided my presentation into four parts. They are…主体演讲的正文陈述主题(present the subject itself) * So, to start with, I’d like to talk about the … * The first problem today is that … * Let’s go to the first topic…结束概括总结1. 总结演讲(summarize your speech) * To conclude/ In conclusion/ Now, to sum up,…* So let me summarize what I’ve said.* Finally, I’d like to repeat the points I made at the beginning.* In conclusion, my recommendations are…* I therefore suggest / propose / recommend the following strategy.2. 致谢听众 (thank your audience)* Many thanks for your attention.* Thank you all for being such an attentive audience.