中考122组英语词组详细解析学案

这是一份中考122组英语词组详细解析学案，共12页。
clthes 统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数，clth 指布，为不可数名词 clthing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用 a piece f, an article f
2. incident, accident
incident 指小事件, accident 指不幸的事故 He was killed in the accident.
3. amunt, number
amunt 后接不可数名词，number 后接可数名词 a number f students
4. family, huse, hme
hme 家，包括住处和家人，huse 房子，住宅，family 家庭成员。
My family is a happy ne.
5. sund, vice, nise
sund 自然界各种各样的声音，vice 人的嗓音，nise 噪音 I hate the lud nise utside.
6. pht, picture, drawing
pht 用照相机拍摄的照片，picture 可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing 画的画
Let's g and see a gd picture.
7. vcabulary, wrd
vcabulary 词汇，一个人拥有的单词量，wrd 具体的单词 He has a large vcabulary.
8. ppulatin, peple
ppulatin 人口，人数，peple 具体的人 China has a large ppulatin.
9. weather, climate
weather 一天内具体的天气状况，climate 长期的气候状况
The climate here is nt gd fr yu.
10. rad, street, path, way
rad 具体的公路，马路，street 街道，path 小路，小径，way 道路，途径
take this rad; in the street, Shw me the way t the museum.
11. curse, subject
curse 课程(可包括多门科目)，subject 科目(具体的学科)a summer curse
12. custm, habit
custm 传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接 t d，habit 生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接 f ding.
I've gt the habit f drinking a lt.
13. cause, reasn
cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接 f sth./ding sth，reasn 用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接 fr sth./ding sth. the reasn fr being late
14. exercise, exercises, practice
exercise 运动，锻炼(不可数)，exercises 练习(可数)，practice(反复做的)练习。
Practice makes perfect.
15. class, lessn
作“课”解时，两者可以替换。指课文用 lessn. 指班级或全体学生用 class. Lessn 6; Class 5
16. speech, talk, lecture
speech 指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说，talk 日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话，lecture
学术性的演讲，讲课 a series f lecture n …
17. fficer, fficial
fficer 部队的军官，fficial 政府官员 an army fficer
18. wrk, jb
二者均指工作。wrk 不可数，jb 可数 a gd jb。
19. cuple, pair
cuple 主要指人或动物，pair 多指由两部分组成的东西 a pair f trusers
20. cuntry, natin, state, land
cuntry 侧重指版图，疆域，natin 指人民，国民，民族，state 侧重指政府，政体，land 国土，
国家 The whle natin was sad at the news.
21. ck, cker
ck 厨师，cker 厨具 He is a gd ck.
22. damage, damages
damage 不可数名词，损害，损失; damages 复数形式，赔偿金 $900 damages
23. plice, pliceman
plice 警察的总称，后接复数谓语动词，pliceman 指某个具体的警察 The plice are questining
everyne in the huse.
24. prblem, questin
prblem 常和困难连系，前面的动词常为 think abut, slve, raise，questin 常和疑问连系，
多和ask, answer 连用。
25. man, a man
man 人类，a man 一个男人 Man will cnquer nature.
26. chick, chicken
二者均可指小鸡，chicken 还可以当鸡肉 The chicken is delicius.
27. telegram, telegraph
当电报解时，telegram 指具体的，telegraph 指抽象的 a telegram, by telegraph
28. trip, jurney, travel, vyage
travel 是最常用的，trip 指短期的旅途，jurney 指稍长的旅途，vyage 指海上航行 a three-day trip
29. sprt, game
sprt 多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动，如打球，游泳，打猎，赛马等;game 指决定胜负的游戏，通常有一套
规则 His favrite sprt is swimming.
30. price, prize
price 价格，prize 奖，奖品，奖金 win the first prize The price is high/lw.
31. a number f, the number f
a number f 许多，谓语动词用复数。the number f … 的数目，谓语动词用单数。The number f
students is increasing.
32. in frnt f, in the frnt f
in frnt f 范围外的前面，in the frnt f 范围内的前面 In the frnt f the rm sits a by.
33. f the day, f a day
f the day 每一天的，当时的，当代的，f a day 暂时的，不长久的 a famus scientist f the day
34. three f us, the three f us
three f us 我们(不止三个)中的三个，the three f us 我们三个(就三个人)The three f us
--- Tm, Jack and I went t the cinema.
35. by bus, n the bus
by bus 表手段，方式，不用冠词，n the bus 表范围 They went there by bus.
36. fr a mment, fr the mment
fr a mment 片刻，一会儿，fr the mment 暂时，一时 Thinking fr a mment, he agreed.
37. next year, the next year
next year 明年，将来时间状语，the next year 第二年，过去将来时间状语
He said he wuld g abrad the next year.
38. mre than a year, mre than ne year
mre than a year 一年多，mre than ne year 超过一年(两年或三年等)
39. take advice, take the(ne's) advice
take advice 征求意见，take the advice 接受忠告 He refused t take the advice and failed again.
40. take air, take the air
take air 传播，走漏，take the air 到户外去，散步 We take the air every day.
41. in a wrd, in wrds
in a wrd 总之，一句话， in wrds 口头上 In a wrd, yu are right.
42. in place f, in the place f
in place f 代替，in the place f 在…地方 A new building is built in the place f the ld ne.
43. in secret, in the secret
in secret 秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作状语;in the secret 知道内情，知道秘密，
一般用作表语 My mther was in the secret frm the beginning.
44. a girl, ne girl
a girl 可泛指所有女孩, ne girl 一个女孩 Can ne girl carry such a big bx?
45. take a chair, take the chair
take a chair 相当于 sit dwn 坐下，take the chair 开始开会
46. g t sea, by sea, by the sea
50. in charge f, in the charge f
in charge f 管理，负责照料， in the charge f 由……照料 He is in charge f the matter.
The matter is in the charge f her.
51. in class, in the class
in class 在课上，in the class 在班级里 He is the best student in the class.
52. n fire, n the fire
n fire 着火, n the fire 在火上 Put the fd n the fire. The huse is n fire.
53. ut f questin, ut f the questin
ut f questin 毫无疑问的，ut f the questin 不可能的
54. a secnd, the secnd
a secnd 又一，再一，the secnd 第…… He wn the secnd prize.
55. by day, by the day
by day 白天，by the day 按天计算 The wrkers are paid by the day.
56. the peple, a peple
the peple 指人，a peple 指民族 The Chinese is a peace-lving peple.
57. it, ne
it 同一物体，ne 同类不同一 I lst my pen. I have t buy a new ne.
58. that, this
that 指代上文所提到的，this 导出下文所要说的 I was ill. That's why ….
59. nne, nthing, n ne
nne 强调有多少，nthing, n ne 强调有没有，nthing 指物，n ne 指人
--- Hw many …/ Hw much …? --- Nne.
60. anyne, any ne
anyne 指人，不能接 f，any ne 指人物均可，可接 f any ne f yu
61. wh, what
wh 指姓名或关系，what 指职业或地位 What is yur dad? He is a teacher.
62. what, which
what 的选择基础是无限制的，which 在一定范围内进行选择
Which d yu prefer, bananas r apples?
63. ther, anther
ther 后接名词复数，anther 后接名词单数 ther students, anther student
64. nt a little, nt a bit
nt a little 非常，nt a bit 一点也不 I'm nt a bit tired. 我一点儿也不累。
65. many, much, a lt f
many 和可数名词连用，much 和不可数名词连用，a lt f 可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句
I haven't many bks.
66. much mre … than, many mre … than
much mre … than 后接形容词或不可数名词，many mre … than 后接可数名词 many mre
peple, much mre water, much mre beautiful
67. n, nt
n = nt a/any n friend = nt a/any friend n water = nt any water
68. n mre than, nt mre than
n mre than 相当于 nly，仅仅，只有，nt mre than 至多，不超过
69. majrity, mst
majrity 只能修饰可数名词，mst 可数不可数均可 the majrity f peple
70. by neself, fr neself, t neself, f neself
by neself 单独的，独自的，fr neself 为自己，t neself 供自己用的，f neself 自行的，
自动的 The dr pened f itself.
71. at all, after all
at all 根本，全然, after all 到底，毕竟 After all he is a child.
72. tall, high
tall 常指人或动物，high 常指物体 He is tall.
73. fast, quickly
fast 侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly 侧重指某事完成或发生的快
run fast, answer the questin quickly
74. high, highly
high 具体的高，highly 抽象的高，高度的 think highly f
75. healthy, healthful
healthy 健康的，健壮的，healthful 有益于健康的 healthful exercise
76. sleeping, asleep, sleepy
sleeping 正在睡觉，asleep 睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，sleepy 困的，有睡意的
a sleeping baby The baby is asleep. I'm sleepy.
77. gld, glden
gld 指真金制品，glden 指金色的，但金鱼用 gld fish, a gld ring
78. mst, mstly
mst 用于表感受的肯定句中，相当于 very，当大部分，大多数解时是形容词或名词，
mstly 大部分，是副词 mst peple, the peple are mstly …
79. just, very
just 表强调时是副词，作状语，very 表强调时是形容词，用作定语 the very man, just the man
80. wide, brad
wide 侧重于一边到另一边的距离，brad 侧重于幅面的宽广brad shulders
81. real, true
real 真的，真实的，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的，true 真的，真正的，指的是事实和实际情况相符合
real gld, a true stry
82. respectful, respectable
respectful 尊敬，有礼貌，respectable 可敬的，值得尊敬的 be respectful t the aged
83. utwards, utward
二者均可用作副词，表示向外，外面，utward 还可用作形容词 an utward vyage
84. pleasant, pleased, pleasing
pleasant 常用作定语，pleased, pleasing 常用作表语，pleased 主语常为人，
pleasing 主语常为物 a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.
85. understanding, understandable
understanding 明白事理的，能体谅的，understandable 可理解的，能够懂的
an understanding girl, an understandable mistake
86. clse, clsely
clse 接近，靠近，clsely 紧紧地，紧密地 clsely cnnected, stand clse
87. ill, sick
ill 做表语，sick 定，表均可 a sick by
88. gd, well
gd 形容词，well 副词，但指身体状况是形容词 He is well again.
89. quiet, silent, still
quiet 安静的，可以发出小的声音，silent 不发出声音，但可以动，still 完全不动，完全无声响
He stand there still. 他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话。
90. hard, hardly
hard 努力，hardly 几乎不 wrk hard, I can hardly believe it.
91. able, capable
able 与不定式 t d 连用，capable 与 f 连用 He is capable f ding …
92. almst, nearly
二者均为“几乎,差不多”和否定词连用用 almst almst nbdy
93. late, lately
late 迟，晚，lately 最近，近来 I haven't seen him lately.
94. living, alive, live, lively
living, alive, live 均为活着的，living 定表均可，alive 定表均可，定语后置，live 只能做
定语，lively 意为活波的 all the living peple = all the peple alive
95. excited, exciting
excited 使人兴奋的，exciting 令人兴奋的 I'm excited. The news is exciting.
96. deep, deeply
deep 具体的深，deeply 抽象的深，深深地 deeply mved, dig deep
97. alud, lud
alud 出声地，lud 大声地 read alud (出声地读)
98. wrth, wrthy
二者均为值得，wrth 后接 ding，wrthy 后接 t be dne126. care abut, care fr
care abut 关心，计较，在乎，一般多用于否定句中;care fr 关心，照料，喜欢，愿意
He desn't care abut his clthes. I dn't care fr mvies.
99 catch a cld, have a cld
catch a cld 不能和表示“一段时间”的状语连用，而 have a cld 可以
She has had a cld fr a week.
100. change fr, change int
change fr 调换成，change int 变成
Change the shirt fr a bigger ne. Water changes int ice.
101. cntinue, last
二者均为持续，cntinue 主动，被动均可，last 只能用主动
The war cntinued/lasted five years. The stry is t be cntinued.
102. feed, raise
feed 喂养，养活，饲养 (t give fd t)，raise 饲养，养育 (cause t grw, bring up children)
raise the family
103. g fr a dctr, g t a dctr
g fr a dctr 去请医生，g t a dctr 去看病
104. ntice, bserve, catch sight f
ntice 注意到，bserve 观察，仔细地看，catch sight f 突然看到 bserve the stars
105. insist n, stick t
insist n 坚持要求，后常接 ding, stick t 坚持, 后常接 sth., stick t the plan
106. lk, seem, appear
lk 指从外表上看，seem 指内心的判断，appear 指给人以表面的印象 appear wise,
lk like his father
107. gather, cllect
gather 把分散的东西集中到一起，cllect 指精心地、有选择地进行收集 cllect stamps
108. mean t d, mean ding
mean t d 打算，想要做某事，mean ding 意思是，意味着
By this I mean giving the students mre practice.
109. die frm, die f
die frm 表示死于(枪)伤，虚弱，过度劳累，饮食过度等，die f 表示死于疾病，饥饿，
寒冷，年老，忧愁，失恋等精神因素 die f hunger and cld
110. pay fr, pay back, pay ff
pay fr 为…付钱，pay back 还钱，但不一定还清，pay ff 还清 pay fr the bk, pay ff the debt
111. divide, separate
divide 把一个整体分成几部分，separate 把连在一起的个体分开
divide the apple, separate the huses
112. arrive, get, reach
arrive 后接 in (大地点)，at(小地点)，get 不及物动词后接t，reach 及物动词
arrive in Beijing, get t Beijing, reach Beijing
113. grw, plant
grw 使某种植物在某地生长着或使其发展下去，plant 移植，移栽已经长成秧苗的植物
plant the trees, trees are grwing
114. manage, try
manage t d 设法做成了某事，try t d 尽力去做某事但不一定成功
He tried t pass the exam, but he failed.
115. chse, select
chse 凭个人的判断力进行选择，select 有目的地仔细认真地选择
chse the best answer
116. build, put up, set up, fund
build 一般用语，建成，put up 临时搭建，set up 建成(内部的设施基本齐全)，
fund 国家或组织的建成 put up a tent, set up a schl
117. be familiar t, be familiar with
be familiar t 某物对某人来说是熟悉的，be familiar with 某人熟悉某物
The bk is familiar t me. I'm familiar with the bk.
118. agree with, agree t, agree n
agree with 同意某人，agree t 同意某事，agree n 在…上达成一致意见，主语是复数
agree with yu, agree t the plan
119. thrw t, thrw at
thrw t 扔到……, thrw at 朝……扔 He thrw a stne at me.
120. receive, accept
receive 收到某一东西，但不一定接受，accept 接受 I received a gift, but I didn't accept it.
121. wear, put n, dress
wear 和 dress 表状态, wear 接衣服等，可用进行时，dress 接人，be dressed in, put n 表动作
It's cld utside. Put n yur warm clthes.
122. listen, hear
listen 强调动作，hear 强调结果 I listened, but I heard nthing.