人教版中考短文填空模拟题汇编-备战2021年重庆中考英语题型之完形填空和短文填空精讲精练.docx

这是一份人教版中考短文填空模拟题汇编-备战2021年重庆中考英语题型之完形填空和短文填空精讲精练.docx，共13页。试卷主要包含了 ________等内容，欢迎下载使用。
As we all face the nvel crnavirus (新型冠状病毒), prtecting yurself is the same as prtecting thers. Here is sme safety ___1___ fr yu frm the Wrld Health Organizatin (WHO) t help prevent the crnavinus.
Stay away frm crwds and wear masks
The virus can spread frm persn t persn. If yu have t g t crwded places, remember t wear a mask. Keep at least ne meter f distance between ___2___ and thers, especially thse wh are cughing r sneezing.
Why? The crnavirus can be spread thrugh mucus drplets (粘液飞沫) and travel ne t tw meters in the air befre falling t the grund. The drplets can be spread ___3___ by sneezing r cughing than by speaking. If yu are t clse, yu can take in the virus. Wearing a mask can prevent drplets frm reaching yur face r muth.
Open the windw t ventilate (通风) the rm
Keep prper indr ventilatin while yu're at hme. Open windws t let in fresh air during the day. It's best t d this three times a day fr 15 minutes t half an hur each time.
Why? Accrding t the research, indr air is ften mre plluted than utdr air. The simple act f pening a windw even in cld weather can reduce the pllutin. Therefre, keep the windw pen, ___4___ yu may catch the virus when it builds up t a certain amunt.
Keep up gd habits
Still, it's necessary fr yu t keep healthy habits such as eating a balanced and exercising ften, as well as getting ___5___ sleep.
Why? Ding these things can ___6___yur immune system (免疫系统), making it less likely fr yu t catch the virus. Gd habits are directly related t fewer illnesses and better health.
Wash hands prperly
Remember t wash yur hands befre eating, after ging t the bathrm, cming hme, cming int cntact with rubbish and tuching animals. Avid ___7___ yur eyes, nse and muth befre washing yur hands.
Why? Yur hands might tuch surfaces that can be plluted by the virus. This is especially imprtant when yu pen drs which have been used by quite a few peple. Washing yur hands ften ___8___ sap and water fr at least 20 secnds can stp the virus frm entering yur bdy.
1. ________
5. ________
2. ________
6. ________
3. ________
7. ________
4. ________
8. ________
答案：1. advice
2. yu
3. mre easily
4. r
5. enugh
6. strengthen
7. tuching
8. with
【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要针对预防新冠肺炎提出的几个建议。
【1题详解】
句意：以下是世界卫生组织(WHO)为您提供的一些预防冠状病毒的安全建议。
根据下文“Stay away frm crwds and wear masks ”和Keep up gd habits”等可知是针对新冠肺炎的预防提出的一些建议，结合空前“Here is sme safety”可知此处填不可数名词advice表示“建议”。故填advice。
【2题详解】
句意：与他人保持至少一米的距离，尤其是咳嗽或打喷嚏的人。
根据前面“If yu have t g t crwded places, remember t wear a mask.”可知主语是yu，故后面说的是你要和别人保持距离。故填yu。
【3题详解】
句意：比起说话，打喷嚏或咳嗽更容易传播飞沫。
根据常识可知打喷嚏或者咳嗽的力度会大于说话，因此传播飞沫会更容易，且句中有than，说明要用比较级,修饰be spread用副词easily的比较级。故填mre easily。
【4题详解】
句意；因此，保持窗口打开，否则当病毒积累到一定数量时，您可能会感染病毒。
根据题意可知前面要人保持窗户打开是对人的警告，意思是如果不开窗透气的话就有可能感染病毒，所以我们需要用在警告中的r 来表示否则。故填r。
【5题详解】
句意：而且，保持健康的生活习惯是很有必要的，比如饮食平衡，经常锻炼，睡眠充足。
根据“Keep up gd habits ”和常识可知好的生活习惯和健康的生活是要保证充足的睡眠的，故此处应填enugh。故填enugh。
【6题详解】
句意：做这些事情可以增强你的免疫系统，降低你感染病毒的可能性。
根据“making it less likely fr yu t catch the virus”可知是增强免疫系统就会降低感染的风险，故此处可用strength来表达增强。故填strengthen。
【7题详解】
句意：洗手前避免接触眼睛、鼻子和嘴巴。
根据“cming int cntact with rubbish and tuching animals”可知当你的手触摸过垃圾或者动物时是不能摸自己的眼睛鼻子嘴巴的，因为这样细菌就会进入人体，故此处填触摸tuch，且前面是avid，后面加动名词。故填tuching。
【8题详解】
句意：经常用肥皂和水洗手至少20秒可以阻止病毒进入你的身体。
根据常识可知是用肥皂和水洗手，用工具之类的东西，我们一般用with来表达。故填with.
模拟练习（二）
We are all encuraged t wrk hard and succeed in life. But failure (失败) is still a cmmn part f everyne’s life. Perhaps yu are ____1____ f failure, r even think it’s shameful (可耻的) t fail. If yu visit the Museum f Failure in Shanghai, yu might ____2____ yur mind. Samuel West, a Swedish psychlgist (心理学家), built the museum. The museum displays (展示)mre than 100 failed prducts. Sme f them were made by the ____3____ famus and successful cmpanies in the wrld.
Fr example, in 1993, Apple invented the Newtn MessagePad (掌上电脑) which was used t take electrnic ntes by hand. But it ____4____ read handwriting very well. Apple stpped making it in 1997. Cca-Cla nce develped a cffee-flavred sda (苏打水) in 2006. The cmpany wanted t catch up ____5____ peple’s grwing lve fr cffee, but the prduct was taken ff market in 2008.
West says the failed prducts are nt displayed t make fun f these cmpanies. He thinks success stries are all ____6____. He is tired f reading and hearing the same bring stries. As German-American physicist Albert Einstein nce said, “A persn wh never made a mistake never tried ____7____ new.”
It seems that failure isn’t always a bad thing. The ____8____ is whether r nt yu can learn frm yur mistakes.
1. ________
5. ________
2. ________
6. ________
3. ________
7. ________
4. ________
8. ________
【答案】
1. afraid
2. change
3. mst
4. culdn’t
5. with
6. similar
7. anything
8. key
【解析】短文大意：短文介绍了上海的失败博物馆收藏的失败产品，告诉人们失败并不可怕，关键是能从错误中吸取教训。
【1题详解】
句意：也许你害怕失败，甚至认为失败是可耻的。
be afraid f害怕某事。本句缺表语形容词，根据句意结构和下文even think it’s shameful t fail提示，可知填afraid。
【2题详解】
句意：如果你去参观上海的失败博物馆，你可能会改变想法。
本句是if条件句，主句缺谓语动词；might可能，情态动词后接原形动词；根据句意结构和上文Perhaps yu are afraid f failure, r even think it’s shameful t fail.提示，可知如果去参观上海的失败博物馆，人们可能会改变“害怕失败”的想法，故填change。
【3题详解】
句意：其中一些是由世界上最著名和最成功的公司制作的。
in the wrld（在世界上）是大范围，需用最高级；定冠词the修饰最高级，形容词famus（著名的）和successful（成功的）的最高级需加mst；根据句意结构和上下文提示，可知填mst。
【4题详解】
句意：但是它不能很好地辨认笔迹。
本句结构完整，根据句意和下文Apple stpped making it in 1997提示，可知掌上电脑不能很好地辨认笔迹，所以本句是否定句；结合短文时态是一般过去时，故填culdn’t。
【5题详解】
句意：该公司希望赶上人们对咖啡日益增长的喜爱，但该产品在2008年被下架。
catch up with赶上，固定短语；根据句意结构和上下文提示，可知填with。
【6题详解】
句意：他认为成功的故事都是相似的。
be similar相似的。本句缺表语形容词，根据句意结构和下文He is tired f reading and hearing the same bring stries.提示，可知填similar。
【7题详解】
句意：从不犯错的人从不尝试新事物。
new新的，形容词。不定代词有形容词修饰做定语，形容词需后置。never从不，表否定，本句需用anything；anything new任何新东西，根据句意结构和上下文提示，可知填anything。
【8题详解】
句意：关键是你是否能从错误中吸取教训。
定冠词the后接名词；系词is需跟单数名词，根据句意结构和上下文提示，可知填key。
模拟练习（三）
Have yu ever thught abut what schl will be like in the future? Will yu study with an iPad r a cmputer, even a smart phne at hme? I think we will. The ___54___ we study is already changing even nw. High-tech equipment(设备) is helping us learn.
This term is very imprtant fr us because we are in Grade 9. It is very bad fr us t ___55___ classes, even fr just ne day. My best friend Tm, ___56___, gt mumps(腮腺炎) tw weeks ag. Our schl dctr said it is an infectins(传染的) disease, s Tm culdn’t g t schl fr a week. When he learned this, he was very ___57___ abut his studies. Later, Tm and my friends gt an idea — t take classes ___58___ using an iPad!
We prepared an iPad t call Tm with. We put it n the cmputer desk in ur class. Then, we started a vide call t Tm thrugh WeChat. We set the camera fr Tm s he culd see the classrm. He was able t see ___59___ n the blackbard, as well as ur teacher, thrugh the iPad. He culd take classes at hme just like he was in the classrm with us!
He culd ___60___ answer questins. This made us laugh at first, since it was new and strange fr him t take a class this way. But we gt used t it. I realized that technlgy can ___61___ ur studies fr the better.
1. ________
5. ________
2. ________
6. ________
3. ________
7. ________
4. ________
8. _______【答案】
1. way
miss
3. hwever
4. wrried
5. by
6. everything
7. als
8. change
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，通过汤姆上网课的故事来展现高科技对学习方式的影响。
【1题详解】
句意：我们的学习方式现在已经在改变了。
根据上文Have yu ever thught abut what schl will be like in the future? Will yu study with an iPad r a cmputer, even a smart phne at hme? I think we will可知，高科技的发展对学生的学习产生了影响，故此处说的是学习方式现在已经在改变了。way意为“方式、方法”，符合句意，故答案为way。
【2题详解】
句意：我们缺课，哪怕只有一天，也很不好。
根据上文This term is very imprtant fr us because we are in Grade 9可知，作者现在是毕业班，所以哪怕只缺课一天也不行。miss作动词，意为“错过”，且位于It is + adj. + fr sb. + t d sth.结构中，故miss应用动词原形，故答案为miss。
【3题详解】
句意：然而，我最好的朋友汤姆两周前得了腮腺炎。
根据上文It is very bad fr us t miss classes, even fr just ne day可知，现在正处在毕业班的关键时期，哪怕缺课一天都不好，然而，汤姆却因病不得不请假在家休息。空格处应填入意为“然而”的单词表转折。空格前后都有逗号隔开且位于句中，故应用副词词性的hwever，意为“然而”，符合句意，故答案为hwever。
【4题详解】
句意：他非常担心他学习。
根据上文s Tm culdn’t g t schl fr a week可知，得知自己至少缺课一周时间，汤姆很担心自己的学习。was wrried abut为固定搭配，意为“对……感到担心”，符合句意，故答案为wrried。
【5题详解】
句意：汤姆和我朋友有了主意——用iPad上课！
根据下文He was able t see everything n the blackbard, as well as ur teacher, thrugh the iPad可知，汤姆和朋友想到了通过iPad来上课。空格处应填入意为“通过、用”的介词。by作介词，意为“通过（表示方式）”，符合句意，故答案为by。
【6题详解】
句意：他能通过iPad看到黑板上的所有东西，包括我们的老师。
根据下文He culd take classes at hme just like he was in the classrm with us可知，汤姆通过iPad上课就跟自己在教室里上课一样，故此处说的是他能通过iPad看到黑板上的所有东西。everything作代词，意为“所有事物”，符合句意，故答案为everything。
【7题详解】
句意：他也能回答问题。
根据上文We set the camera fr Tm s he culd see the classrm可知，通过iPad汤姆可以看见教室，故此处说的是他也能回答问题。空格处应填入意为“也”的副词。als作副词，意为“也”，通常位于行为动词之前，特殊动词之后，符合句子结构，故答案为als。
【8题详解】
句意：我意识到科技可以使我们的学习变得更好。
根据上文The way we study is already changing even nw可知，我们的学习方式现在已经在改变了，故此处说的是“我”意识到科技可以使我们的学习变得更好。空格处应填入意为“改变”的动词。change作动词，意为“改变”，位于情态动词can后，故动词change应用原形。故答案为change。
模拟练习（四）
A man gt lst in a desert. He walked fr tw days but he still culdn’t find his way ut. Dying fr water, he ____1____ an empty huse in the desert. There was a water pump (水泵）in the huse!
The man was s excited that he ran t draw water. But n matter hw ____2____ he tried, n water came ut. Hw disappinted and tired he was! He sat sadly n the grund when he saw a little bttle with a crk（软木塞）in it. On the ____3___, there was an ld nte saying, “Yu must add the water int the pump befre yu can draw water! Dn’t frget t fill it with water again befre yu leave!” The man tk the crk ut and happily fund the bttle was full ____4____ water! “If I’m selfish（自私的）, as lng as I drink the water, I can g ut f this rm ____5____” , he thught. “If I d as the nte says, I might die f thirst (口渴)”. Shuld I take the risk r nt? The man paced back and frth, thinking fr a while.
At last, he decided t d as the nte said ____6____ began t draw water. Sure enugh, lts f water started cming ut frm the pump! ____7____ a big surprise! After he drank enugh, he filled the bttle with water and added his wrds after the nte.
“____8____ me, d as the nte tells yu!” he wrte.
1. ________
5. ________
2. ________
6. ________
3. ________
7. ________
4. ________
8. ________
【答案】
1. fund/saw
2.hard
3. bttle
4. f
5. alive
6. and
7. What
8. Believe/Trust
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了一个人在沙漠里迷路了两天，在极度干渴的时候发现了一口水泵，但是水泵需要加一壶水进去才会出水，这个人犹豫了，但是他还是按照纸条上所说的将水倒进了水泵，然后他真的打出了水。最后他在纸条上加上“相信我，照着纸条上的做”。
【1题详解】
句意：他渴望喝水，却在沙漠中发现了一所空房子。
根据“There was a water pump (水泵）in the huse!”可知他在沙漠里发现了一座房子，发现的英语表达可用find和see，且这是过去时态，故将find和see改为fund和saw。故填 fund/saw。
【2题详解】
句意：但是不管他怎么努力，水还是出不来。
根据“But n matter hw…he tried, n water came ut.”的语境可知无论他怎么努力，都没有水出来，且横线处是修饰动词tried，故用副词hard努力地。故填hard。
【3题详解】
句意：瓶子上有一张旧纸条，上面写着：“你必须先把水倒入泵中，才能取水。”
根据“He sat sadly n the grund when he saw a little bttle with a crk（软木塞）in it.”可知是说他看到地那个瓶子上贴着纸条。故填bttle。
【4题详解】
句意：男人拿出软木塞，高兴地发现瓶子里装满了水。
根据“The man tk the crk ut and happily fund the bttle was full ____4____ water!”可知考查词组be full f意为充满。故填f。
【5题详解】
句意：“如果我自私，只要我喝了水，我就能活着走出这个房间，”他想“如果我照纸条上说的做，我可能会渴死。”
根据“If I d as the nte says, I might die f thirst (口渴)”可知如果他照着纸条上的做法，他可能就会渴死，相反的，如果他把水喝了就会活着走出这个房子，我们可用alive作后置定语，表示活着走出房子。故填alive。
【6题详解】
句意：最后，他决定照纸条上说的去做，并开始打水。
根据“he decided t d as the nte said 和began t draw water.”可知前后句是顺承关系，可用and来表达。故填and。
【7题详解】
句意：真是个大惊喜！
根据句子结构可知这是一个感叹句，感叹句句型：What + a / an + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语! 故填What。
【8题详解】
句意：“相信我，照纸条上说的做”他写道。
根据文章可知这个人最开始是怀疑纸条上写的，但是他还是照做了，最后他得到了大量的水，因此为了让下一个人相信纸条上的字，他写上的应该是相信我，要按纸条上的去做，因此可以填相信的英语表达believe和trust，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填Believe/Trust。
模拟练习（五）
We knw frm the letters and emails we receive here at the BBC that many listeners use the internet. The internet has made it 1 t use authentic (地道的) English language materials in many parts f the wrld.
D yu use the internet? If yu d, which sites d yu find mst helpful fr yur English study? If yu 2 , can yu imagine hw yu culd use the internet t help yu learn English?
Here, Beth Neher gives her advice fr learners wh want t use the internet t 3 their English.
Use the BBC Learning English website! The BBC website has an area especially fr English learners. Yu will find learning materials 4 as English news, stries and test papers. There is 5 a chat area where yu can chat nline with listeners in sme ther cuntries. Finally, yu’ll find links (链接) t ther websites which can help yu.
Use search engine (引擎). If yu want t find ther sites, think 6 the wrds yu need t use in yur search engine. Fr internatinal search engines, yu can try typing in the 7 EFL (English as a Freign Language) r ESOL (English fr Speakers f Other Languages) fllwed by what yu are interested in (fr example, EFL grammar). This will help yu find mre sites which are especially fr English learners.
Use authentic material. Mst newspapers, magazines and TV and radi statins nw have their wn websites. S, if English language newspapers are expensive in yur cuntry, 8 nt use them n the internet? Remember t chse ne r tw articles r pages which yu find interesting, print them ut and study them when yu aren’t nline.
2. 3. 4.
6. 7. 8.
答案：
1. pssible/easy/easier 2. dn’t 3. imprve/better4. such
5. als6. abut7. letters 8. why