人教版中考英语话题讲解科普知识与现代技术、通讯课件PPT

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第三部分　 话题专项
话题十　科普知识与现代技术、通讯
4．Shpping n the Internet/nline is getting mre and mre ppular. 网购越来越受欢迎。5．Mbile phnes can help us get in tuch with ur parents at anytime. 手机可以帮助我们随时与父母取得联系。6．The mbile phne is a useful inventin, s we shuld make gd use f it. 手机是有用的发明，因此我们应该好好利用它。
7．I dn’t think students shuld spend t much time playing cmputer games. 我认为学生不应该花太多时间在电脑游戏上。8．Surfing n the Internet has bth advantages and disadvantages.网上冲浪有优点也有缺点。9．WeChat has becme a kind f ppular cmmunicatin tl. 微信已经成为一种受欢迎的交流工具。10．Travelling in the space is the dream f ur human beings. 遨游太空是人类的梦想。
Beep! Beep! Barcde(条形码) technlgy makes it faster and easier t buy things in stres. Yu’ve prbably seen the black-and-white zebra stripes(条纹) n prduct packaging. This year, this great inventin is 50 years ld!
On a sunny afternn in 1971, IBM engineer Gerge Laurer came up with a cde that culd be printed n fd labels(商标). It became the basis fr the Universal Prduct Cde, which was used by many grcery cmpanies stating in 1973, accrding t The New Yrk Times. Befre this, cashiers(收银员) had t ring up prices by hand.Time has prven it t be a great inventin. Tday, barcdes are scanned(扫描) ver 6 billin times every day and used by 2 millin cmpanies wrldwide, PR Newswire reprted.
What infrmatin des a barcde cntain? Where the prduct cmes frm, where it has been, its price, expiratin date(过期时间)… yu name it. It can als help stres keep track f their prducts. Fr example, if there are 10 bxes f milk and a custmer buys ne, it will be recrded s that the stre wner knws there are nine bxes left. In the 1980s, libraries started using barcdes t keep track f bks in this way.
“Its creatin allwed the first digitizatin(数字化) in the cntrl f the stck(库存)，” Jse Maria Bnmati frm AECOC, a Spanish cmmercial assciatin, tld EI Mund.The next generatin f barcdes, such as QR cdes, can hld mre infrmatin. “They can tell cnsumers if a prduct cntains allergens(过敏原) r it is rganic(有机的). This prvides cnsumers with a greater level f trust in the prducts they buy，” said GS1, an rganizatin that develps glbal barcde standards.
一、语法选择(2021佛山南海区一模)In March, the schls in Guatemala clsed because f COVID­19.Teachers had t think f ways t reach students. That’s why Gerad Ixcy rde 1 large trike thrugh Santa Cruz del Quiche. A trike is a bike 2 three wheels.
Ixcy used his savings 3 the trike. Then he turned it int a classrm n wheels. He tk a whitebard and an audi player(音频播放器) . Plastic sheets(薄膜) n the trike helped prtect 4 and the students frm the virus. Ixcy even rde thrugh farms t each 5 hme. He tried t see each f his sixth graders twice a week.
At first, Ixcy tried remte(远程) teaching. He sent hmewrk t his students. 6 he didn’t hear back frm them. Many parents lst their jbs because f the virus. And nly 13% f hmes had Internet Service. “The mbile phnes they 7 at hme are very simple，” Ixcy said. That meant he culdn’t use apps like Zm t create an nline classrm.
Ixcy has becme a lifelie fr children such as Pala Ximena Cnz and Oscar Rjas. One day, Ixcy came t Pala’s hme. 8 they were t see each ther! It was a math lessn. Ixcy tk ut a pizza bx. The picture f pizza 9 t teach abut parts f a whle. At the next stp, Oscar waited fr Ixcy. “My teacher nly cmes fr a little while t teach me, but I learn 10 than I study alne.” Oscar said.
Ixcy has als gt a lt frm this experience. One day a student’s mther just gt sme fd. She wanted t share half with him, thugh she and her family were ften hungry. “I arrived hme crying，” Ixcy said.
( )1.A．/ B．a C．an D．the　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　( )2.A．f B．n C．in D．with( )3.A．buy B．buys C．t buy D．buying
( )4.A．he B．him C．his D．himself( )5.A．student B．student’s C．students D．students’( )6.A．And B．S C．But D．Or
( )7.A．have B．had C．will have D．are having( )8.A．What happy B．What happily C．Hw happy D．Hw happily( )9.A．uses B．is used C．used D．was used( )10.A．many B．much C．mre D．mst
二、完形填空　Mre and mre peple believe that technlgies are great fr learning. Tday, such teaching tls as iPads are used in a lt f curses, 1 language, histry and science.
Many teachers are 2 f using iPads in language learning. They say that students nw have much mre time fr discussin in the classrm, 3 they can listen t texts r watch teaching vides with iPads at hme. The teachers als say that iPads allw students t learn at their wn pace(步伐). Using iPads is especially 4 t students wh are learning a language at different paces.
There are ther advantages fr students. They believe that using iPads is a mre 5 way t learn. The class has becme much mre interesting. S they can pay mre 6 t the material and learn mre. Teaching ntes are stred in their iPads and are easy t find. “I can listen t my language materials r watch teaching vides n the bus, 7 having t wait until I get hme，” a student explained.
Many adults cmplain that technlgies such as iPads are 8 t students. They wrry that students might use iPads t dwnlad teaching ntes and use them t cheat during exams. If a student spends mre time watching vides n an iPad, he will have fewer chances t have face-t-face 9 with thers.
Hwever, technlgies are already a part f mst students’ daily lives. As fr cheating, teachers can ask students t 10 their iPads when they take exams. Educatin needs t make changes with the times as technlgy is develping. We shuld lk frward t a wnderful future when iPads and ther technlgies can add a lt t the classrm.
( )1.A．accrding B．including　 C．reading　 D．learning( )2.A．cnsumers B．inventrs　 C．supprters　 D．readers( )3.A．because　 B．althugh　 C．but　 D．and
( )4.A．hpeful　 B．cheerful C．helpful D．careful( )5.A．difficult　 B．enjyable　 C．internatinal D．simple　( )6.A．attentin　 B．mney　 C．time　 D．visit
( )7.A．such as　 B．in rder t　 C．fr example 　 D．instead f ( )8.A．prepared　 B．harmful C．imprtant　 D．safe( )9.A．cmmunicatin B．argument C．agreement D．educatin( )10.A．turn n B．put ff C．hand in　 D．take ut
( )1.This handrail is helpful fr ． A．the ld　 B．the rich　 C．the yung　 D．the pr( )2.This new mask makes it fr peple with hearing prblems t cmmunicate with thers. A．hard　　 B．easy　 C．cmfrtable　　 D．exciting
( )3.Yu can if yu dn’t like the pattern n yur skin. A．put it ff　　 B．cut it ff C．turn it ff　　 D．wash it ff( )4.Germans started using Pepper t in a supermarket. A．wrk as nurses　 B．lk after babies C．keep custmers apart frm each ther　 D．save custmers’ lives as sn as pssible
( )5.The passage is mst prbably frm a ． A．travel guide　　 B．science magazine　 C．histry bk　　 D．gegraphy bk
B(2021汕头潮阳区铜盂镇模拟)If yu’ve ever stayed up late and then gt up early the next day, yu knw what it’s like t nt get enugh sleep. It’s a very uncmfrtable feeling. In fact, scientists have lng believed that sleep is like fd—if we dn’t get enugh, we might get sick r even die. But nw they are starting t wnder hw much sleep we need.
Researchers frm Lndn recently did a study n fruit flies(果蝇). They fund that flies that slept fr very shrt perids f time—abut 72 minutes a day—still lived abut as lng as flies that slept fr nrmal amunts f time. One f the flies slept fr just 4 minutes each day. This has led the researchers t wnder if sleep is less necessary than we thught befre.
Humans are very different frm fruit flies. Sleep is when ur bdies d a lt f maintenance, fr example, repairing tissue(组织) and grwing muscle. Sleeping allws ur bdies t recver frm the stress we experience each day.
But can we really die frm nt sleeping? N human has died s far frm staying awake fr t lng. The wrld recrd fr sleeplessness is held by Randy Gardner frm the US, wh stayed awake fr 11 days and 25 minutes in 1964.Hwever, Gardner did experience serius side effects(副作用)．Scientists have nt yet fund any animals that dn’t sleep at all. Even animals that nly sleep fr shrt perids are nt cmpletely sleepless. This suggests that a shrt sleep is necessary, accrding t a German scientist.
( )6.The study n fruit flies shws ． A．female flies sleep less than male flies B．flies need 72 minutes f sleep every day C．sleep is necessary fr animals and humans D．getting less sleep desn’t seem t influence hw lng flies live
( )7.The purpse f Paragraph 3 is t ． A．describe hw much sleep humans need B．explain why sleep is imprtant t humans C．list the differences between humans and flies D．shw the similarities between flies and humans
( )8.The underlined wrd “maintenance” in the third paragraph prbably means in Chinese. A．放松 B．维护 C．斗争 D．核查
( )9.What can we knw frm the passage? A．Sleep may nt be s imprtant as we think it is. B．Humans need mre sleep than animals. C．Sleeplessness can lead t death. D．Nt all animals need sleep.
( )10.The best title fr the passage is ． A．Hw Much Sleep B．Die Withut Sleep C．Wnders f Nature D．Get Enugh Sleep
四、短文填空During May, mst places in China are warm. But Munt Qmlangma is still 1. and cvered with snw. At this time, a grup f Chinese climbers are climbing the highest muntain in the wrld. They are ging t measure(测量) the 2. f the muntain.
In fact, China already measured the height f the muntain in 1975 (8,848.13 meters) and 2005 (8,844.43 meters). 3. the height can change as Earth’s plates(板块) mve. As technlgy imprves, peple want t get mre exact numbers.
Hwever, measuring its height is nt easy. The temperature there is －29℃， fur degrees 4. than that in Antarctica(南极). The snw there is 4—5 meters thick and strng winds blw all the time. Climbers have t carry scientific instruments t the wrld’s rftp(屋脊). They cllect data 5. the tp f the muntain. After that scientists study the data and calculate(计算) the height f the muntain.
T 6. with the difficult cnditins, team members started training in January. They have t sleep in their tents t keep warm. T save fresh water, climbers 7. take a shwer r wash faces. As fr fd, they have three dishes and sup fr each meal. It is easy t keep meat fresh in such a(n) 8. temperature.
Thugh there are als sme ther difficulties 9. we can nt think f, the muntain is still wrth measuring. An exact measurement can help t study the plate mvement s that scientists can warn peple the cming 10. the earthquakes.
五、读写综合(本大题分为A、B两部分)A．回答问题请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整。　　
5G phnes have already been used nw. Users need an adapter(适配器) t bring in 5G signals(信号) and they needn’t wrry abut the safety f 5G signals.
Where can we see 5G first? The answer is in ur living rms. The speeds, abut 20 times faster than the standard hme Internet cnnectin, are very likely t d wnders in ur living rms. Many users are tired f spending $100 r mre mnthly in bking cable(有线的) TV. They n mre chse cable(有线的) TV and begin t use streaming services cnnected t their bradband service(宽带业务) instead.
Besides, faster speed cnnectivity might get a little cheaper in the future fr users nly if a cmplete 5G netwrk is set up. Hwever, the cst f prgrams and apps will g up. At the same time, users are in great need f rdering mre mnthly services. Generally speaking，users are likely t pay mre fr 5G services.
Nw Huawei in China has been the leader in 5G field. It has mre than 75,000 tp engineers and scientists n research. They try their best t bring digital(数字的) and high technlgy t every persn and place. It’s mre cnvenient fr mdern peple t live in a rapid way. We are lking frward t seeing a strnger Huawei. It prvides a faster and better cmmunicatin way fr us.
1.What has been cnsidered as ne big thing fr this century? _____________________________________________________________ 2. Hw d the users d t bring in 5G signals?_____________________________________________________________ 3. Where can we see 5G first?_____________________________________________________________
5G netwrks.
They bring in 5G signals by an adapter.
We can see it in ur living rms first.
4.What des the writer think f the faster speed cnnectivity if acmplete 5G netwrk is set up?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.Hw many tp engineers and scientists are n research in Huawei? _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________
The writer thinks the faster speed cnnectivity might get a little cheaper
in the future.
There are mre than 75，000 tp engineers and scientists n research
in Huawei.
B．书面表达 请根据要求完成短文写作。　 随着科技的发展，网络在我们的日常生活中越来越普及，5G网络用户规模不断扩大。现在请你写一篇小短文，谈谈你对5G网络全面普及的看法。内容包括：(1)网络的重要性；(2)5G网络的好处(至少两点)；(3)呼吁人们正确使用网络。
作文要求：(1)不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和考生的真实姓名。(2)语句连贯，词数80个左右。
第一步：读题审题文体： 　　人称： 　 　 时态：________________ 第二步：谋篇布局第一段：网络的重要性1．列要点：重要，轻松快捷地与他人交流(imprtant; cmmunicate with thers easily and quickly)
2．要点扩写：As we all knw, the Internet plays an imprtant rle in ur daily life. Peple can cmmunicate with thers frm all ver the wrld easily and quickly because f using the Internet. (使用介词短语because f引出原因，使句子完整)
第二段：5G网络的好处(至少两点)1．列要点：(1)方便沟通和下载(cmmunicate with thers and dwnlad infrmatin)(2)加快发展(develping faster and faster)
2．要点扩写：(1)Firstly, it’s mre cnvenient fr us t cmmunicate with thers and dwnlad infrmatin (which/that)we want in secnds. (使用定语从句增加高分句型)(2)Secndly，China is develping faster and faster because Huawei in China is the leader in 5G field. (使用原因状语从句增加细节)
第三段：呼吁人们正确使用网络(use it crrectly)5G netwrks are sure t change ur lives a lt. We students shuld learn hw t use it crrectly and make ur life becme better and better. (增加表结果的细节)
第四步：衔句成篇As we all knw, the Internet plays an imprtant rle in ur daily life. Peple can cmmunicate with thers frm all ver the wrld easily and quickly because f using the Internet.