雅礼中学2022年上学期期中考试高二英语 试卷及答案

这是一份雅礼中学2022年上学期期中考试高二英语 试卷及答案，共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
雅礼教育集团2022上学期期中考试试卷
高二英语
时量：120分钟 分值：150分

第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where is the new supermarket?
A. Next to the bank. B. Near the cinema. C. Beside the theater.
2. What does the woman decide to do?
A. Come back another time.
B. Buy other flowers instead.
C. Go to another shop.
3. How will the boy go to the museum?
A. By foot. B. By underground. C. By bike.
4. Why does the woman refuse to see another movie?
A. She has to go out.
B. She needs to work now.
C. She wants to rest.
5. When will the company bus pass by?
A. At 8:30. B. At 8:45. C. At 9:00.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the woman doing?
A. Doing a survey. B. Calculating the bill. C. Serving the food.
7. How would the man like his steak next time?
A. Medium rare. B. Medium well. C. Well done.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What type of music does the man like?
A. Jazz. B. Rap. C. Rock.
9. What does the woman do?
A. A song writer. B. A telephone operator. C. A radio hostess.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why does the girl feel unhappy at first?
A. She doesn’t have a proper dress.
B. She hasn’t got invited to the dance.
C. She doesn’t know how to dance.
11. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. Friends.
12. What season is it now?
A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Winter.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a restaurant. B. In the man’s house. C. In a supermarket.
14. Why does the man want to eat energy bars only?
A. To lose weight. B. To save money. C. To build muscles.
15. What does the woman think of the ads?
A. They’re lying. B. They’re convincing. C. They’re confusing.
16. What is the woman like?
A. Grateful. B. Smart. C. Careless.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What are the highest temperatures in Northern India now?
A. About 35℃. B Almost 40℃. C. Over 45℃.
18. How many Indian people died in 2016 due to heat-related illnesses?
A. About 200. B. About 1,000. C. About 2,000.
19. What will be done under extremely high temperatures?
A. Government projects will be done at night.
B. Bottles of water will be sold at low prices.
C. School days will be reduced.
20. What will the weather be like late this month in India?
A. Cooler. B. All the same. C. Hotter.

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共11小题；每小题2.5分，满分27.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选项涂黑。
A
The bride is 97. The groom is 98. The couple has been married for 77 years, and thanks to some very special people, they were finally treated to some very special wedding memories they missed out on all those years ago.
The Kings are just like family to the staff of the St. Croix Hospice who serve as caretakers for the elderly pair in their Oelwein, Idaho home. With a big anniversary coming up, their caregivers wanted to do something special to celebrate the occasion and knowing something of the couple’s history, they came up with a perfect plan.
When Frankie and Royce King took their vows(誓言)on September 16, 1944, the world was a very different place. The simple church ceremony was small and short. Rather than a lace gown (蕾丝长裙), Frankie wore a suit. There was no photographer on hand to record the vows.
While Frankie and Royce’s wedding lacked splendor(壮观), their life together has more than made up for it. Two kids, four grandkids, and several great-grandkids later, the Kings’ marriage is still going strong.
On their anniversary, as one staff member played Big-Band era tunes on his saxophone and another took photos, Frankie, dressed in a lovely1940s-era wedding gown, was led through a flower-covered archway to where Royce was waiting for her. By the time the big wedding cake was served, there wasn’t a dry eye in the house.
Photographer Hilary Michelson said, “I work for St. Croix Hospice full-time while doing photography in my spare time. I am passionate about both of my jobs and it made my heart so incredibly full to see them embracing each other.”
The Kings’ daughter, Sue Bilodeau, is now putting together a photo album of cherished memories for them. “It was definitely one of the most special things ever,” she said. “When Mom mentioned she didn’t have time to plan a big wedding and didn’t have a photographer, the St. Croix staff members worked together to make sure they could get their special day.”
21. What did the staff of the St. Croix Hospice decide to do for the Kings?
A. Help them recall their wedding memories.
B. Take good care of them as family members.
C. Write something about the couple's history.
D. Celebrate their wedding anniversary like a real wedding.
22. What was the Kings’ wedding ceremony in 1944 like?
A. It seemed to be the perfect plan.
B. It was simple and held in a small church.
C. It was followed by the couple’s long separation.
D. It had only one photographer to record their vows.
23. What was everyone’s response when the wedding cake was served?
A. They were all in tears.
B. They applauded loudly.
C. They were busy taking pictures of the couple.
D. They stopped doing everything and watched.
B
The slim, bushy-tailed Sierra Nevada red fox will be listed as an endangered species, federal wildlife officials announced last month. They said its population has decreased to just 40 animals in the area of California from Lake Tahoe to the south of Yosemite National Park.
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service decided against listing a distinct population of the foxes in the southern Cascade Range of Oregon and near Lassen Peak in Northern California, however. “While the exact number remains unknown and is also subject to change with new births and deaths, it is well below the standard population levels.” It provided no exact number of red foxes remaining in the Cascade Range.
As one of the rarest mammals(哺乳动物)in North America, the red foxes in the Sierra already are in danger due to threats of wildfire, drought, competition from coyotes(郊狼)reductions in food and inbreeding(近亲繁殖) with non-native foxes. Additional future threats include climate change, continuing loss of snow fields and of the general habitat to which the Sierra Nevada population has adapted. This will likely lead to increased numbers of coyotes in high-altitude areas and to increased competition between coyotes and Sierra Nevada foxes for food, the service said.
The Sierra Nevada red fox has declined sharply because of poisoning and trapping, habitat destruction and disturbance from off-road vehicles and snowmobiles, said Jeff Miller, a senior conservation officer for the center. He said the animals face the same threats in the Cascade Mountains to Mount Hood, Oregon. “This is an important step, but the Fish and Wildlife Service should also protect these endangered animals in the Cascades,” he said.
The Fish and Wildlife Service noted it is not proposing designating critical habitat for the species at this time, however, because habitat “does not appear to be a limiting factor for the species.”
The agency estimates the 18 to 39 animals remaining in the Sierra can be found south of California State Highway 88 from just south of Lake Tahoe into the easternmost area of Yosemite Park in Tuolumne and Madera counties.
24. What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs?
A. The exact number of red foxes in California is still unknown.
B. The red foxes in Yosemite National Park aren’t endangered now.
C. The number of all endangered red foxes in the Cascade Range is certain.
D. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service hasn’t listed the foxes in Oregon as endangered.
25. What are the main reasons for the population of this red fox to decrease so greatly?
a. Illegal hunting. b. The activities of humans. c. The attacks from coyotes. d. Damage to their habitat.
A. abc B. abd C. bcd D. acd
26. What does the underlined word “designating” in the fifth paragraph probably mean?
A. Taking up. B. Seeking out. C. Breaking up. D. Marking out.
27. What is the text mainly about?
A. An introduction to the Sierra Nevada red fox. B. The significance of saving endangered red foxes.
C. The decision to list red foxes as endangered animals. D. An analysis of the change in the number of red foxes.
C
The amount of sunlight that Earth reflects back into space has decreased significantly in recent years. Whether the decline is a short-term phenomenon or yet another bad sign for Earth's climate still has to be proved, scientists suggest.
Our planet, on average, typically reflects about 30 percent of the sunlight that shines on it. But new research strengthens previous studies suggesting that Earth’s ability to reflect light back has been declining in recent years, says Philip Goode, a scientist at Big Bear Solar Observatory in California. From 1998 to 2017, Earth’s reflectance declined by about 0.5 percent, the team reported in Geophysical Research Letters.
Using ground-based instruments at Big Bear, Goode and his colleagues measured earthshine—the light that our planet reflects to the Moon and then back to Earth—from 1998 to 2017 Because earthshine is most easily measured when the Moon is a slim crescent(新月)and the weather is clear, the team collected a mere 801 data points during those 20 years, Goode and his colleagues report.
Much of the decrease in reflectance occurred during the last three years of the two-decade period the team studied, Goode says. Previous analyses of satellite data, he and his colleagues note, suggest that the drop in reflectance came from warmer temperatures along the Pacific coasts of North and South America, which in turn reduced low-altitude cloud cover and exposed the underlying, much darker and less reflective seas.
“Whether or not this is a long-term trend is yet to be seen,” says Edward Schwieterman, a scientist at the University of California, Riverside. “This strengthens the argument for collecting more data,” he says.
Decreased cloudiness over the eastern Pacific isn’t the only thing cutting Earth’s reflectance, says Shiv Priyam Raghuraman, a scientist at Princeton University. Many studies point to a long-term decline in sea ice (especially in the Arctic), ice on land, and tiny pollutants called aerosols(气溶胶)—all of which reflect sunlight back into space to cool Earth.
With ice cover declining, Earth is absorbing more radiation. The extra radiation absorbed by Earth in recent decades goes toward warming the oceans and melting more ice, which can contribute to even more warming, says Schwieterman.
Altogether, Goode and his colleagues estimate, the decline in Earth’s reflectance from 1998 to 2017 means that each square meter of our planet’s surface is absorbing, on average, an extra 0.5 watts of energy. For comparison, the researchers note in their study, planet-warming greenhouse gases and other human activity over the same period increased energy input to Earth’s surface by an estimated 0.6 watts of energy per square meter. That means the decline in Earth’s reflectance has, over that 20-year period, almost doubled the warming effect our planet experienced.
28. What has happened to the sunshine that shines on the Earth according to the study?
A. It has been declining in recent years.
B. It has been absorbed much less by the Earth.
C. Its ability to come into the atmosphere has declined.
D. It has been reflected much less back into space by Earth.
29. What do warmer temperatures contribute to?
A. Darker seas and oceans. B. More reflection of sunshine.
C. More radiation released by Earth. D. Less cloud coverage low in the sky.
30. What isn’t mentioned in the text that can cool Earth?
A. Ice on land. B. Ice in the Arctic.
C. Tropical trees. D. Aerosol pollutants.
31. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Earth is losing more ice. B. Earth is becoming warmer.
C. Earth is reflecting less light. D. Earth is taking in more energy.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
How much time do you spend doing research before you make a decision? There are people who go over every detail exhaustively before making a choice. 32 Psychologists call this way of thinking a cognitive bias(认知偏见), a tendency toward a specific mental mistake.
To study “jumping”, we examined decision-making patterns among more than 600 people from the general population. We found that jumpers made more errors than non-jumpers on problems that require thoughtful analysis. 33 In a quiz about US citizens, they overestimated the chance that their answers were right significantly more than other participants did—even when their answers were wrong.
So what is behind “jumping”? Psychological researchers commonly distinguish between two pathways of thought: automatic system, which reflects ideas that come to the mind easily and without effort, and controlled system including conscious and effortful reasoning. Jumpers and non-jumpers are equally influenced by automatic thoughts. 34
It is the controlled system that helps people counter balance mental biases introduced by the automatic system. As a result, jumpers were more likely to accept the conclusion made at first sight without further questioning. A lack of controlled thinking is also more broadly connected to their problematic beliefs and faulty reasoning.
35 A method called cognitive training can be used to target their biases, which can help people think more deliberatively. In this training, participants are faced with their own biases. They can learn about the missteps and other ways of thinking through the problem at hand. It helps to gradually get rid of participants’ overconfidence.
In everyday life, the question of whether we should think things through or instead jump to a conclusion is a frequent and important one. 36 Sometimes the most important decision we make can be to take some more time before making a choice.
A. Happily, there may be some hope for jumpers.
B. Also, jumpers had problems with overconfidence.
C. We plan to trace other problems introduced by jumping.
D. But a fair number of individuals are quick to jump to conclusions.
E. It is certainly possible for them to overthink things to take a decision.
F. The jumpers, however, did not engage in controlled reasoning to the same degree as non-jumpers.
G. Recent studies show that even gathering just a little bit more evidence may help us avoid a major mistake.
第三部分 英语知识运用(共三节，满分40分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Some people live to climb the highest mountains. Some people live only dreaming about it while others live to 37 ever climbing at all. But one thing is certain, all people encounter mountains in their life.
When I was a little girl, my family moved to a tiny town at the bottom of a big mountain. One day after school, while 38 the green woods of this magnificent mountain, I almost fell on a set of 39 . What could these steps 40 ? 41 got the best of me though I knew it would be starting to get dark soon. I started climbing up those strangely mysterious steps.
I climbed and climbed. There was 42 but just green bushes and these steps. I had to reach the top! But it was now getting real 43 . If I kept going I might not be able to see my way back. My mom would be worried 44 if I didn’t come home soon. So I ran back home almost in the dark while trying not to get too scared.
45 I went to bed dreaming about what I would find at the top of this magical mountain. Could there be a castle up there? Maybe I would find a monster (怪物). Maybe I was taking the 46 of never coming back home. Or, maybe all I would find was absolutely nothing! But something inside me was going to climb that mountain 47 . I could hardly wait to try this 48 again.
Now we live in a world surrounded by the “can’t do” attitudes. We all fall down. We all have 49 and regrets. Still we must climb and dream about what’s at the top of our mountain. Monsters may 50 or the night will fall. But never ever 51 your dream! Never let anyone tell you, "You can’t." Dream big and climb high!

37. A. embrace
B. prevent
C. avoid
D. recall
38. A. collecting
B. exploring
C. expanding
D. hiding
39. A. chairs
B. stages
C. tools
D. stairs
40. A. run into
B. stand for
C. begin with
D. lead to
41. A. Curiosity
B. Satisfaction
C. Envy
D. Patience
42. A. nothing
B. all
C. anything
D. everything
43. A. cold
B. dark
C. scary
D. tough
44. A. dead
B. mad
C. sick
D. hurt
45. A. Worriedly
B. Angrily
C. Impatiently
D. Anxiously
46. A. path
B. risk
C. chance
D. advantage
47. A. at no time
B. in secret
C. at all cost
D. on the spot
48. A. performance
B. habit
C. routine
D. adventure
49. A. doubts
B. reliefs
C. targets
D. motives
50. A. flee
B. dream
C. appear
D. conquer
51. A. watch out for
B. give up on
C. put up with
D. live up to

第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many excellent warship crews have been trained on aircraft carrier the Liaoning of the People’s Liberation Army Navy. 52 the only female deck operation officer on it, Remila Dabul of Kazak ethnicity (哈萨克族), whose story 53 (report) by the media in January, has attracted much public attention.
Before working on the deck, Remila was a radar and telephone 54 (operate). But when she first saw a J-15 fighter 55 (take) off, the idea of working alongside it crossed her mind. So eager was she to be a crew member that she overcame many difficulties and ultimately became 56 (qualify).
During her work, Remila wears a blue helmet, goggles, and blue suits. After a J-15 lands, 57 she needs to do is carry the heavy wire after getting signals and run to 58 fighter to take a series of actions for a quick installation. “The higher risk our work is, the 59 (firm) belief we should have,” said Remila. She has put her belief into practice in her daily security and guarantee work.
This year, Remila spent her 60 (five) Spring Festival aboard the carrier. Remila said, “I miss my parents in Xinjiang. I love my career and am willing 61 (shoulder) the responsibility to safeguard the happiness and peaceful life of millions of families in the motherland.”

第三节 课文默写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据句意，请结合教材所学内容填空。
62. My six-month stay on a space station ______ _____ _____ _____ ____.(已结束)
63. In these precious moments, all the challenges of life in space seem_____ _____ .(值得的)
64. With each space mission comes greater insight, _______ ______(从而激励) us to continue along the same
path of adventure.
65. In the countries and regions where Zheng He ______ ______(驻足), legends have been passed on about this
great explorer.
66. His voyages _____ _____ _____ _____(开启了新的篇章) of the Age of Exploration.
67. Russell felt his blood freeze, but he quickly ______ ______ ______(镇定下来) and rushed up to the deck.
68. The next day, President Roosevelt asked that the US Congress ______ ______ ______(对...宣战) Japan.
69. It is only natural that the sites suffer a bit of _____ _____ _____(磨损).
70. If your heart breaks like mine at the thought of our irreplaceable heritage ________________(lose) forever,
please take action.
71. The addition of the Chang’an-Tianshan Corridor to the UNESCO World Heritage List is a milestone in
_____________(recognize) of the Silk Road as a crucial part of humanity’s common heritage.

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
假设你是李华，要参加学校的英语征文活动。这次征文要求大家给一位历史人物写感谢信，感谢他（她）为人类的进步所做出的贡献。内容请包括：
1. 历史人物的名字及其贡献；
2. 该人物对你的影响和启发；
3. 你对他（她）表达感谢。
注意：词数80词左右。
Dear ___________,




Thank you again, and best regards!
Yours,
Li Hua


第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was our turn to open our presents this particular Christmas morning. The living room was already covered with torn wrapping paper. Obviously, the children could hardly wait to discover the hidden treasures, which they had expected for nearly a month. Now we adults sat around the room with our presents at our feet, slowly
removing the paper, trying to maintain our dignity in front of the children.
My wife, Brenda, and her family have a tradition of getting each other gag (恶作剧) gifts. This always makes me a bit uneasy at Christmas or my birthday, never knowing what form of embarrassment lies waiting for me
under the thin borders of the wrapping paper.
Recently, my six-year-old daughter Christy seemed to busy herself with something while I was playing computer video flight games. Now she was standing directly in front of me. The excitement of the moment just beamed across her face. It was everything she could do to keep herself from helping me rip the paper from each present. Finally, I came to the last gift and with my natural Sherlock Holmes ability, I concluded that this had to be the gag gift. With everyone looking on, I decided to go ahead and get it over with—just let them have their laugh—and I tore the paper and there it was a toy airplane about two inches long. Our holiday guests started giggling to themselves as I looked up to my wife with an unpleasant smile on my face and blurted out (脱口而出),
“A toy airplane? Are you kidding me?”
Brenda gave me the look—that look that always tells me I have just said something wrong and should have given it a second thought. I had failed to look at the name tag before I opened the present to see who it was from.
As I picked up the paper from the floor and read the name tag, my heart sank.
1. 续写词数为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
On the tag were the letters that read, “To Dad, Love Christy”.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Staring at the gift, I suddenly thought of a way to cheer her up.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________















雅礼教育集团2022年上学期高二英语期中考试答案解析

第一部分 听力
1-5 BABCB 6-10 ACACA 11-15 BCCAA 16-20 BCBCA

第二部分 阅读理解
A篇：21-23 DBA
这是一个关于一对老年夫妻和他们周围的人们的故事。当Frankie和Royce 在1944年结婚的时候，他们举行了一个简单的婚礼，并且没有照相机可以记录美好时刻。如今，圣克洛伊养老院的工作人员为这对结婚77年的老人举办了特别的结婚纪念日。
21. D。推理判断题。根据第二段的...their caregivers wanted to do something special to celebrate the occasion...和第五段内容可知工作人员为他们举行了一个像真婚礼一样的仪式来庆祝他们的结婚纪念日。根据第一段...they were finally treated to some very special wedding memories they missed out on all those years ago.可知A错；根据第二段The Kings are just like family to the staff...可知B错；根据...and knowing something of the couple’s history...可知C错。
22. B。细节理解题。根据第三段The simple church ceremony was small and short. Rather than a lace gown (蕾丝长裙), Frankie wore a suit. There was no photographer on hand to record the vows.可知他们的婚礼很简单并且在小教堂举行，故B正确、D错。根据第二段...they came up with a perfect plan.可知A错；C项文中没提。
23. A。细节理解题。根据第五段By the time the big wedding cake was served, there wasn’t a dry eye in the house.可知每个人都哭了，故A项正确。
B篇：24-27 DBDC
本文是一篇关于美国的一种野生红狐将被列为濒危动物的报道。
24. D。推理判断题。根据第二段The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service decided against listing a distinct population of the foxes in the southern Cascade Range of Oregon...可知，美国鱼类及野生动物管理局没有把Oregon的红狐列为濒危动物，应选D。根据第一段的...decreased to just 40 animals in the area of California from Lake Tahoe to the south of Yosemite National Park.可知A、B错。根据第二段的It provided no exact number of red foxes remaining in the Cascade Range.可知C错。
25. B。细节理解题。根据第四段的The Sierra Nevada red fox has declined sharply because of poisoning and trapping, habitat destruction and disturbance from off-road vehicles...可知，a、b、d正确，应选B。根据第三段的...in danger due to threats of wildfire, drought, competition from coyotes...可知，郊狼会给红狐的生存造成威胁，但并不是导致它们数量锐减的主要原因，故c错。
26. D。词义猜测题。take up“占据”，seek out“找出”，break up“拆开”，mark out“标出”。根据第五段的句意和...because habitat “does not appear to be a limiting factor for the species.”可知，designating应是“标出”重点栖息地的意思，故选D。
27. C。主旨大意题。本文第一段The slim, bushy-tailed Sierra Nevada red fox will be listed as an endangered species...即表明主旨“……红狐将被列为濒危动物”，之后各段讲了相关的信息及原因等，故选C。
C篇：28-31 DDCC
这是一篇科普文。科学家们发现地球反射回太空中的阳光量正在变少。
28. D。细节理解题。根据第一段的The amount of sunlight that Earth reflects back into space has decreased significantly in recent years.和下文内容可知D项正确。
29. D。细节理解题。根据第四段的...warmer temperatures along the Pacific coasts of North and South America, which in turn reduced low-altitude cloud cover and exposed the underlying, much darker and less reflective seas.可知D项正确。
30. C。细节理解题。根据第六段的Many studies point to a long-term decline in sea ice (especially in the Arctic), ice on land, and tiny pollutants called aerosols — all of which reflect sunlight back into space to cool Earth.可知A、B、D三项都有提到，只有C项文中没提。
31. C。主旨大意题。根据第一段的The amount of sunlight that Earth reflects back into space has decreased significantly in recent years.和下文内容可知C项最符合。

七选五：32-36 DBFAG
这是一篇说明文。文章指出相较于急于得出结论，深思熟虑对我们更有帮助。认知训练可以帮助那些急于得出结论的人。
32. D. "How much time do you spend doing research before you make a decision? There are people who go over every detail exhaustively before making a choice.(你在做决定之前花了多少时间做研究？有些人在做出选择之前会仔细考虑每一个细 节)”结合下文提到了jumper“急于得出结论的人"可知，呼应上文仔细考虑每一个细节的人，空处应提出另一种人一急于得出结论的人。D项但相当一部分人很快就会得出结论符合题意，与上文内容形成对比。故选D。
33. B. 根据上文“We found that jumpers made more errors than non-jumpers on problems that require thoughtful analysis.(我们发现，在需要深思熟虑分析的问题上，急于得出结论的人比仔细思考的人犯的错误更多)和下文In a quiz about US citizens, they overestimated the chance that their answers were right significantly mare than other participants did-even when their answers were wrong.(在公民的测验中，他们大大高估了自己答案正确的几率一即使他们的答案是错误的)”推知，急于得出结论的人不仅容易犯错，而且过于自信，即使在答案是错误的情况下还高估答案正确的几率。B项此外，急于得出结论的人也有过度自信的问题符合题意，呈上启下。故选B。
34. F. 空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“automatic system,which reflects ideas that come to the mind easily and without effort, and controlled system including conscious and effortful reasoning.Jumpers and nonjumpers are equally influenced by automatic thoughts.”(自动系统，反映容易且无需努力就能进入大脑的想法，以及控制系统，包括有意识和轻松的推理。急于得出结论的人和仔细思考者同样受到自动思维的影响)“可知，两类人都受到自动思维的影响。但因为是两种不同的人，因此他们在受影响的程度，或思维模式方面可能有所不同。F项“然而，急于得出结论的人并没有像仔细思考者那样进行控制推理符合题意，承接上文，指出了他们的不同之处。故选F。
35. A. 空处位于段首，应开启下文。根据下文“A method called cognitive training can be used to target their biases, which can help people think more deliberatively. In this training, participants are faced with their own biases. They can learn about the missteps and other ways of thinking through the problem at hand. It helps to chip away at participants’ overconfidence.(一种认知的训练方法可以用来针对他们的偏见，这可以帮助人们更慎重地思考。在这个培训中，参与者要面对自己的偏见。他们可以学习到错误的地方和思考问题的其他方法。它有助于消除参与者的过度自信)"可知，有方法帮助急于得出结论的人克服他们的问题，消除过度自信。A项幸运的是，急于得出结论者可能还有一些希望符合题意。故选A。
36. G. “In everyday life, the question of whether we should think things through or instead jump to a conclusion is a frequent and important one.”(在日常生活中，我们是应该深思熟虑，还是急于下结论，这是一个常见而重要的问题)"和下文“Sometimes the most important decision we make can be to take some more time before making a choice,(有时候，我们做出的最重要决定可能要做出选择之前多花些时间)”可知，相较于急于下决定，深思熟虑对我们更有帮助。G项“最近的研究表明，即使只收集了一点更多的证据，也可以帮助我们避免重大错误符合题意。故选G。

完形填空：
参考答案：37-51 CBDDA ABCDB CDACB
37. 选C。A. embrace 欣然接受；B. prevent 阻止，妨碍；C. avoid 避免；回避；D. recall回想起；召回。句意：有些人活着就是为了攀登最高的山峰。有些人活着只是为了梦想，而有些人活着就是为了避免攀登。但有一件事是肯定的，所有人在一生中都会遇到山。
38. 选B。A. collecting 收集；B. exploring 探索，探测；探险；C. expanding 扩大；扩展；膨胀；D. hiding隐藏；躲藏；掩盖。句意：一天放学后，我在这座宏伟的山上探索绿色的森林时，差点因为台阶而绊倒。
39. 选D。A. chairs 椅子；B. stages阶段；舞台；C. tools 工具；D. stairs 楼梯；阶梯。根据下文的these steps可知选D。句意：同上。
40. 选D。A. run into 偶遇；撞上；B. stand for 代表；象征；支持；C. begin with 以......开始；D. lead to通向；导致。句意：这些台阶会通向哪里?
41. 选A。A. Curiosity 好奇心，求知欲；B. Satisfaction 满意，满足；C. Envy 羡慕；嫉妒；D. Patience耐心，忍耐力。句意：尽管我知道天很快就要黑了，但好奇心占了上风。我开始爬上那些神秘的台阶。
42. 选A。A. nothing 没有什么；B. all 全部的；所有；C. anything 任何事物；D. everything 一切，万事。短语nothing but意为“只有”；all but意为“几乎，差一点”；anything but意为“根本不，决不”。句意：我爬啊爬。那里什么都没有，只有绿色的灌木丛和这些台阶。
43. 选B。A. cold 冷的；冷淡的；B. dark 黑暗的；深色的；恐怖的；忧郁的；C. scary骇人的；恐怖的；D. tough 坚韧的；坚固的；严厉的；艰难的；棘手的。根据上文的though I knew it would be starting to get dark soon.和下文的 So I ran back home almost in the dark可知选B。句意：但现在天真的黑了。
44. 选C。A. dead 死的；无生气的；B. mad 生气的；疯癫的；C. sick 生病的；恶心的；D. hurt 受伤的；痛苦的。短语be worried sick意为“极其担心”。句意：如果我不早点回家，我妈妈会很非常担心的。
45. 选D。A. Worriedly 担忧地；B. Angrily 愤怒地；C. Impatiently 不难烦地；D. Anxiously 焦急地，心急火燎地。根据下文的dreaming about ...可知作者很快上床入睡。
46. 选B。A. path 小径，小道；路线，轨迹；B. risk 风险，危险；C. chance 机会，时机；D. advantage优势；优点；利益。句意：也许我是在冒永远回不了家的风险。
47. 选C。A. at no time 决不，从不；B. in secret 秘密地；私下地；C. at all cost 不惜任何代价；无论如何；D. on the spot当场；在现场。句意：但我内心深处的某个东西要不惜一切代价爬上那座山。
48. 选D。A. performance 表演，演出；表现，业绩；B. habit 习惯；C. routine 惯例；常规；D. adventure 冒险经历，奇遇。句意：我迫不及待地想再次尝试这种冒险。
49. 选A。A. doubts 怀疑，不确定；B. reliefs 宽慰；轻松；缓解；C. targets 目标；枪靶；D. motives动机；目的。句意：现在我们生活在一个被“做不到”的态度包围的世界里。我们都会跌倒。我们都有疑虑和遗憾。
50. 选C。A. flee 逃离；逃避；B. dream 做梦；C. appear 出现，来到；D. conquer占领；攻克；征服。句意：怪物可能会出现，或者夜幕会降临。
51. 选B。A. watch out for 小心提防；密切注意；B. give up on 放弃，对......不再期待；C. put up with 忍受，容忍；D. live up to 不辜负，无愧于。句意：但永远不要放弃你的梦想!永远不要让别人对你说“你不行”。胸怀大志，奋发向上!

语法填空：
52. As 53. was reported 54. operator 55. taking 56. qualified 57. what
58. the 59. firmer 60. fifth 61. to shoulder
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了辽宁舰上唯一一名女性甲板作战官——哈萨克族的雷米拉·达布尔。
52.考查介词。句意：作为舰上唯一的一名女性甲板作战官…可知需要“作为”的意思，故填As.
53.考查时态和语态。句意：今年1月，媒体报道了哈萨克族的雷米拉·达布尔的故事，她是船上唯一一名女性甲板作战官，引起了公众的广泛关注。根据时间状语in January可知，用一般过去时。名词story与report之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was reported。
54.考查名词。句意：在甲板上工作之前，瑞米拉是一名雷达和电话操作员。根据不定冠词a可知，用名词的单数形式。telephone operator电话操作员。故填operator。
55.考查非谓语动词。句意: 当她看到一架J-15正在起飞的时候...。 飞机起飞为主动行为。故填taking。
56.考查形容词。句意：她是如此渴望成为一名船员，她克服了许多困难，最终成为合格的。系动词became后接形容词作表语。主语是人，所以用-ed形式形容词。故填qualified。
57.考查名词性从句。句意：J-15着陆后，她需要做的是在收到信号后，携带沉重的电线跑到战斗机上，采取一系列快速安装的行动。本句为主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填what。
58.考查冠词。这里的fighter专指上文的a J-15，所以用定冠词the.
59.考查比较级。句意：“我们的工作风险越大，我们的信念就越坚定，”雷米拉说。“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”结构，表示“越……，越……”。故填firmer。
60.考查数词。句意：今年，是Remila在辽宁舰上度过的第五个春节。故用序数词fifth.
61.考查非谓语动词。句意：我热爱我的事业也愿意承担起责任，保卫祖国成百上千万家庭的幸福和平静生活。此处表目的，故填to shoulder。
课文默写
62. has come to an end 63. worth it 64. thus motivating 65. set foot
66. opened a new chapter 67. came to himself 68. declare war on 69. wear and tear
70. being lost 71. recognition
写作范文：
第一节：应用文
Dear Columbus,
I am here to extend my sincerest gratitude to you for your enormous contribution to the human civilization.
You were such a great explorer and your discovery inspired future generations. Your voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration, during which many important geographic findings and international exchanges of ideas and cultures were made possible!
Thank you for your courage and endeavor, and I am thus inspired to be an explorer as well. I am determined to study hard to enable myself to be an aerospace engineer who can explore more vast areas!
Thank you again, and best regards!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节：读后续写
One possible version:
On the tag were the letters that read, “To Dad, Love Christy”. Seeing her joy replaced by a look of total embarrassment and humiliation, I was seized by a strong sense of regret and pain. She slowly lowered her head down, seemingly praying that nobody would discover whom the gift came from. Without hesitation, I knelt down and embraced Christy tightly, trying to take back those words. I explained I had thought it was from Mom, but since it came from her, that made it different. However, no matter what I said, it could hardly remove the disappointment in her eyes and hurt in her heart. Confronted with the embarrassing situation, I was at a loss what to do.
Staring at the gift, I suddenly thought of a way to lift her up. I took that toy airplane in my hand, turned on its switch and flew the plane. At the sight of the flying plane, I yelled with excitement, which amused other children who eagerly asked for a try. My eyes resting on Christy, I deliberately ignored their enthusiasm, flying the plane around her. “Let me try it first!”. It wasn’t long before Christy believed it was really a charming gift and grabbed for the plane, a big smile radiating from her lightened face. From then on, I kept the little plane as a reminder of my girl’s love and also, the power of words.

听力原文
1. W: I heard there’s a newly opened supermarket in our block. Is it near the theater?
M: No. It’s opposite the bank, right next to the cinema.
2. W: I’d like to buy a bunch of red roses, please.
M: Sorry. They just sold out. Do you want some yellow tulips, or white lilies maybe?
W: Never mind. I’ll come a little earlier tomorrow. Thanks.
3.M: I don’t want to walk to the museum. Have you seen my bike?
W: Oh, your cousin borrowed it this morning. I forgot to tell you.
M: Never mind. I’ll take the subway then.
4. M: The action movie we just saw is excellent! Now let’s see another one. A romance perhaps?
W: Maybe another time, Peter. I have an important meeting tomorrow morning and I really need to sleep now.
5. W: Oh, I’m so dead. It’s already 8:30 now. I should have thrown that stupid alarm clock away long ago!
M: Calm down, Honey. Your company bus will pass by our apartment in 15 minutes. You still have time.
6. W: Excuse me, Sir. Do you mind if I take a few minutes of your time?
M: No. Go ahead.
W: Thanks. Do you consider the food you had delicious?
M: Honestly, I think it’s over cooked. The steak was tough and the peas were like bullets.
W: I’m sorry to hear that. Maybe next time you might want to enjoy your steak medium well. It tastes tenderer.
M: No, I’d still want it to be well done, but don’t make it tough again.
7. W: Do your grandkids love the songs you wrote?
M: No, not at all.
W: Oh, why?
M: You know when I was young, I’d listen to a lot of jazz. This kind of formed my taste of music. These days young people are crazy about rap, which is something beyond my understanding of “singing”. Frankly, I can’t make heads or tails of it.
W: I know what you mean. Still there are people of different ages who remain faithful to jazz. Now let’s have our telephone operator Bob to put through our audience who’re listening to this program right now. Let’s see what questions they’ve got for you.
8. M: What’s wrong with my little sweet Zoe? Why the long face?
W: Oh, nothing. It’s just that Tom has asked me to be his partner for the school dance.
M: That’s a good thing. Isn’t it something you always want?
W: Yeah, but I don’t have a proper dress for the dance. And I don’t want you and mom to buy one for me. I know we can’t afford it.
M: Oh, Honey, let’s see if we can figure this out… Oh, see the curtains in our living room? Why don’t we change them to your dress?
W: But…
M: Don’t worry. They’re not very useful now anyway since we always want to let more sunshine in during winter. And we’ll be able to buy new ones when spring comes.
W: Oh, you’re the best. Thanks.
9. W: Hi, Jeff!
M: Hi, Claire. Nice to meet you here.
W: Yeah, me too. I’m buying some ingredients for the supper. Oh, what are these you’ve put in your basket? You’re always crazy about snacks, aren’t you?
M: Oh, no. It’s not what you think. These are all energy bars. I think I have too much fat, so I’ve decided to cut out my meals and eat these only.
W: What? Jeff, you need to have a balanced diet including vitamins, minerals, fiber and so on.
M: Don’t worry, Claire. The ads say the energy bar contains all the nutrients you’ve mentioned. They say it can be a perfect substitute for daily meals.
W: Oh, don’t get fooled by those ads, Jeff. It’s all business. Let me see it -- sugar, fat and chemicals… How dare they claim it to be healthy?
10. Northern India is now suffering from a heat wave with temperatures reaching 47℃.
A blanket of hot air has settled on India’s capital New Delhi, making the usually busy streets quiet and somewhat lonely. In the past two years, people dying from heat-related illnesses in India have fallen sharply, from about 2,000 in 2015 to half that number in the following year, and to a little over 200 in 2017.
According to a law passed in India in 2013, when temperatures rise to some degree which may cause extreme damage to human body, school days will be reduced, government projects will stop, and free water will be given in busy areas. India is aiming to reduce the number of deaths from extreme heat to zero in the next few years.
The government officials said that so far this year, the heat has killed 11 people.
Temperatures will drop across India at the end of this month with the arrival of the rainy season.