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    专题06-谓语动词(解析版)-备战2022年新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过

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    专题06-谓语动词(解析版)-备战2022年新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过

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    考点06 谓语动词(解析版)
    【命题趋势】
    动词的时态、语态和语气是高考中的重中之重,也是英语句子结构的核心。英语句子的灵动性很大程度上体现在动词的各种变化上,因此谓语动词的时态、语态、语气的运用三位一体,不可分割。在语法填空题型中,时态和语态是考查的热点。在备考过程中应该对谓语动词变化的各种情况都能够了如指掌。可以预测,未来高考仍然会以考查时态为主,但考查形式会更多地结合语态和语气等形式,越来越侧重在语境中考查动词的时态、语态和语气,所以要求考生首先要掌握时态、语态和语气的基本用法,同时在所设置的语境中根据所给信息进行判断。也就是说,考生应学会通过上下文来确定所用时态、语态和语气。

    【重要考向】
    一、一般时态;
    二、进行时态;
    三、完成时态;
    四、高考涉及的其他时态;
    五、被动语态

    考向一
    一般时态
    【典例】
    【2021全国甲卷语法填空】
    We______ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky but did the job.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态。句意:我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词,根据上下文可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。故填hired。

    【一般时态提分秘籍】
    1.一般现在时
    (1)表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。 常与表示习惯的副词(词组)always,every time,now and then,occasionally,often,seldom,sometimes,usually, every day/night等连用。
    (2)按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作,用一般现在时。只限于go,arrive,leave,start,stay,return,begin,come等动词。
    (3)用在时间、条件或让步状语从句中, 用一般现在时表示将来。
    Around two o’clock every night,Sue will start talking in her dream.It somewhat bothers us.
    每天晚上两点左右,苏就 说梦话。这使我们有点烦心。
    If it doesn’t rain,we’ll go on a picnic as planned.
    如果不下雨,我们将按计划去野餐。
    Whatever you say,I will not change my mind.
    无论你说什么,我都不会改变主意。
    The flight takes off at 2:30 every Wednesday and Friday.
    飞机每周三、周五2:30起飞。
    2.一般过去时
    表示在过去某一时间点发生的动作或所处的状态,与现在没有关系或表示过去一段时间内反复发生的动作, 常 与 every day,often,sometimes等时间状语连用。
    —Haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been?
    ——好长时间没见你了!你去哪里了?
    —I went to Ningxia and stayed there for one year,teaching as a volunteer.
    ——我去了宁夏,在那里待了一年,作为一名志愿者教学。
    3.一般将来时
    (1)“shall/will+动词原形”表示现在看来以后要发生的动 作或存在的状态。“will+动词原形”还可以表示说话时临时做出的决定。
    (2)“be going to+动词原形”表示①现在打算或计划将 来 要做的事情;②表示根据某种迹象认为在最近或将来要发生的事情。
    (3)“be to+动词原形”表示①预先安排好的计划或约定;②表示说话人的意志、意图、指责、义务、命令等;③表示 注定要发生的事情。
    (4)“be about to+动词原形”表示正要或即将要做某事, 该结构不与表示具体的将来时间状语连用。
    —What time is it?
    ——几点了?
    —I have no idea.But just a minute,I will check it for you.
    ——我不知道。但是等一会儿,我给你查一下。
    —Mr.Li was ill in hospital.
    ——李老师生病住院了。
    —Oh,I didn’t know.I’ll go to see him tonight.
    ——哦,我还不知道呢。我今晚去看他。
    I am to meet Mr.Brown at eleven o’clock this morning.
    我要在今天上午11点见布朗先生。
    I was about to go out when it began to rain.
    我正要外出,这时开始下雨了。

    考向二
    进行时态
    【典例】
    【2018浙江卷11月语法填空】
    You probably ______ (use) caffeine since childhood.
    【参考答案】
    have used / have been using 由since可知此处用现在完成时或现在完成进行时表示这一情况从过去某时一直持续到现在,已经终止或还有可能持续下去。

    【进行时态提分秘籍】
    1.现在进行时
    (1)表示说话时正在进行或表示现阶段正在进行的动作,虽然此时此刻该动作不一定正在进行。
    (2)表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作,常限于go,come,leave,start,arrive,return,work,sleep,stay,have, wear等表示移动、方向的动词。
    (3)表示说话人现在对主语的行为表示赞叹或厌恶等(常与always,constantly,continually等副词连用)。
    2.过去进行时
    表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作,常同表示过去的时间状语从句以及at that time,at that moment,at this time yesterday,at ten o’clock yesterday等连用。
    She was phoning someone,so I nodded to her and went away.
    她正在跟别人打电话,因此我朝她点了点头就走开了。
    3.将来进行时
    表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作,或表示要从将来某一时刻开始,并继续下去的动作。
    Daniel’s family will be enjoying their
    holiday in Huangshan this time next week.
    丹尼尔一家人下星期这个时候将在黄山度假。

    考向三
    完成时态
    【典例】
    【2020浙江卷7月语法填空】
    By about 6000 BC, people ______(discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise.
    【参考答案】
    had discovered,考查动词时态。根据时间状语by about 6000 BC得知应该用过去完成时,主语是people,因此要用had discovered。
    【完成时态提分秘籍】
    1.现在完成时
    (1)表示发生在过去而对现在仍有影响的动作,常用的时间 状语:already,just,yet,never,before,lately,recently,in the last(past) few years,up to now,so far等。
    (2)表示从过去某时开始而延续至今的动作或状态,常与for,since等表示一段时间的状语连用。
    (3)在条件、时间、让步状语从句中,表示将来某时间前已完成的动作。
    (4)This/It is the first/second...time+that从句,that从句 中 谓语要用现在完成时。
    (5)It(This)is the best(worst,most interesting等)+名词+定语从句,从句中的谓语用现在完成时。
    —Have you heard about the recent election?
    ——你听说过近期的选举吗?
    —Sure,it has been the only thing on the news for the last three days.
    ——当然了,它是近来三天新闻中唯一的事情了。
    It is the most instructive lecture that I have attended since I
    came to this school.这是我自从到这个学校以来所参加过的最有教育意义的讲座。
    This is the first time that we have seen a film in the cinema
    together as a family.
    这是第一次我们一家人去电影院看电影。
    I will not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes.
    除非我亲眼看到,否则我不会相信你的。
    2.过去完成时
    (1)表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态,即过去的过去。
    (2)表示从过去某一时间开始,一直延续到过去的另一时间的动作,常用的时间 状 语:by then,by that time,by the end of,by the time+句子等。
    (3)表示“愿望、打算”的动词(如hope,want,expect,
    think,mean,suppose,plan,intend)用于过去完成时表示
    过去本打算实现而未实现的希望或计划。
    (4)在“hardly(scarcely)...when...”,“no sooner...than...” 句型中,主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时,意为“一……就……”。
    Sofia looked around at all the faces: she had the impression that she had seen most of the guests before.
    索菲娅环视了所有的面庞,她有印象——绝大多数的客人以前她都见过。
    He was unhappy when he sold his guitar.After all,he had had it for a very long time.
    他把自己的吉他卖掉时并不高兴。毕竟,他拥有这把吉他已经很长时间了。
    I had intended to call on you,but I had an unexpected visitor.
    我本来打算去看你,但是来了一位不速之客。
    By the time Jack returned home from England,his son had graduated from college.
    杰克从英国回到家时,他的儿子已经大学毕业了。
    Hardly/No sooner had I got home when/than the rain poured down.
    我刚到家,大雨就倾盆而下了。
    3.将来完成时
    表示在将来某个时间之前完成的动作,并且往往对将来某一时间产生影响。常用时间状语为“by+将来某个时间”。
    By the time Mr.Smith arrives at the supermarket,we will have stayed there for one hour.
    等到史密斯先生到达超市时,我们将已经在那里待了一个小时了。

    考向四
    高考涉及的其他时态
    【典例】
    【湖南师范大学附中2021届高三模拟】In fact, he ______ (surprise) people since the beginning of his career.
    【参考答案】
    考查动词时态。句意:事实上,从他的职业生涯开始,他就让人们感到惊讶。根据句意可知,此处可以使用现在完成时或现在完成进行时,表示从其职业生涯开始就持续使人们感到惊讶,主语he是第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has been surprising或has surprised。

    【其他时态提分秘籍】
    1.过去将来时
    表示从过去某时间看将要发生的事情,多用于宾语从句中。
    He hoped that he would be given a more suitable job in 2016. [K]
    他希望在2016年能得到更合适的工作。
    2.现在完成进行时(have/has been doing)
    表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或产生的状态一直延续 到现在,并有可能继续下去,常和for,since引导的时间状语连用。
    Since the time humankind started gardening,we have been trying to make our environment more beautiful.
    自从人类开始园艺技术的时候起,我们就一直在努力让我们 的环境变得更加美丽。
    The manager has been telling the workers how to improve the program since 9 am.
    自从上午9点经理就一直在告诉工人如何改善这一方案。
    3.过去完成进行时(had been doing)
    表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或产生的状态一直延续到过去某一时刻,这一动作可能已经停止也可能还在进行。
    She told me that she had been studying French for 5 years. xk/w
    她告诉我她已经学习法语5年了。(动作仍继续)
    She told me that she had been waiting for me for an hour.
    她告诉我她已经等我一个钟头了。(动作不再继续)

    考向五
    被动语态
    【典例】
    【2021全国甲卷语法填空】
    It ______ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).
    【参考答案】
    考查被动语态。句意:它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的,现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知,空格处为谓语,动词build和主语之间是被动关系,应用被动语态(be done),根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式,主语it为第三人称单数,主谓一致,故填was built。

    【被动语态提分秘籍】
    1.被动语态的构成为“be+过去分词”,只要变换be的形式就可以得到不同时态的被动语态,除be外被动语态的构 成 形式还有:get/become+过去分词。
    2.只要及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语才有被动语态,不及物动词或短语无被动语态。常考的不及物动词或短语:
    last,cost,spread,happen(to),take place,belong to, break out,go out,run out,work out。
    3.主动形式表示被动含义
    (1) 表示感受、感官的系动词如feel,sound,taste,look等,后面跟形容词、名词构成系表结构,常常以主动形式表示被动意义。
    (2) 当sell,read,draw,wash,write,open,wear,run, burn等不及物动词后带状语(well/easily等)修饰,用来表示主 语内在的品质或性能时用主动形式表示被动含义。
    While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted,Henry did his best to perform his duty.
    在等待机会被提拔期间,亨利尽力履行好自己的职责。
    —So what is the procedure?
    ——那么程序是什么样?
    —All the applicants are interviewed before a final decision is made by the authority.
    ——所有的应征者都被面试后官方才作出最后的决定。
    Food supplies in the flood-stricken area are running out.
    We must act immediately before there’s none left.
    洪水灾区的食品即将用完。
    我们必须在他们用完之前采取措施。
    Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由听起来很合理。
    His books sell well,so they will be sold soon.
    他的书很畅销,因此很快就会卖光。


    1.【2021全国新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空】
    You can’t help wondering how hard it______ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
    【参考答案】
    考查一般过去时。句意:你不禁会想,对当时的人们来说,把这些石头都安置好有多难。分析句子可知,“how hard it______ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place”作wonder的宾语,it是从句的形式主语,不定式为真正主语,谓语动词用单数形式,安置台阶的石头为陈述过去的事情,应用一般过去时。故填was。
    2.【2021浙江卷语法填空】
    It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 ______ (consider) healthy.
    【参考答案】
    is considered 考查谓语动词时态和语态。此空应填入consider的谓语形式,根据前半句的It is可判断时态为一般现在时,且根据句意“19到25之间的BMI(体重指数)被认为是健康值”,可知BMI与consider为被动关系,故语态为被动。
    3.【2021浙江卷语法填空】
    The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased by 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain ______ (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men.
    【参考答案】
    was 考查谓语动词时态。此处是在讲1985年至2017年间城市中人们BMI值增加情况,是描述过去发生的事情,且上一句描述当时农村情况时用一般过去时,故此处也应为一般过去时,故填be的一般过去式was。
    4.【2020全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】
    China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) — the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess — ______ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态。句意:无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语,根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时,故填touched。
    5.【2020全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】
    "This really excites scientists," Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says,"because it 67.______ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68.______ (construct)."
    【参考答案】
    67.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:“这真的使科学家们激动,”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说:“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知,此处也使用一般现在时,主语是it,所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means,故填means。
    68.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知,此处是宾语从句谓语动词,谓语construct与主语the moon之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态,再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时,主语the moon是单数,故填is constructed。
    6.【2020全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】
    They represent the earth ______ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
    【参考答案】
    考查主谓一致。句意:这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。这是一个表语从句,从句主语为动名词短语decorating with plants, fruits and flowers,所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填carries。
    7.【2020全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】
    The artist was sure he would ______ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed.
    【参考答案】
    be chosen 句意:画家确信他会被选中,但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时,这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系,且would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。
    8.【2020全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】
    When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的) artist, they smiled and ______ (point) down the river.
    【参考答案】
    pointed 句意:当他问河岸上的村民,他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时,他们笑着指着河的下游。根据上文they smiled and可知此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。
    9.【2020新高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】
    The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ______(form)the core collection of the British Museum which opened in 1759.
    【参考答案】
    formed 本句主语是The 80,000 objects,由上文的In the 18th and 19th centuries和本句尾的时间状语in 1759可知事件发生在过去,故谓语动词form应用一般过去时。
    10.【2020新高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】
    The parts of a museum open to the public______(call)galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum's collection is on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
    【参考答案】
    are called 本句主语The parts of a museum与动词call为被动关系,故用其被动语态。本段讲述的是有关博物馆的客观事实,又根据后面的is可知应用一般现在时。
    11.【2020新高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】
    Often, only a small part of a museum's collection ______(be)on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
    【参考答案】
    is “a part of + 名词”作主语时,谓语动词通常与of后名词的数保持一致。本句中a small part of后的名词为a museum’s collection,故用is。
    12.【2020浙江卷7月语法填空】
    And, as more children were born, more food______(need).
    【参考答案】
    was needed,考查动词语态。food是句子主语,食物是被需要的,所以空格填动词的被动语态,因此要用was needed。
    13.【2020浙江卷7月语法填空】
    New methods ______(mean)that fewer people worked in farming.
    【参考答案】
    meant,考查动词时态。这是一篇说明文,讲述了农业的发展史,且从该句that从句使用worked可知,该空应使用一般过去时态,因此要填meant。
    14.【2020浙江卷7月语法填空】
    Something significant is happening to the world population — it is aging. The median (中位数的) age of an American in 1950 ______ (be) 30 — today it is 41 and is expected to increase to 42 by 2050.
    【参考答案】
    was 根据in 1950,可知此处用一般过去时。
    15.【2020浙江卷7月语法填空】
    However, greater attention should ______ (place) on longevity (长寿).
    【参考答案】
    be placed 此句用被动语态,place和主语attention之间是被动关系。
    16.【2019全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】
    In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ______ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing.
    【参考答案】
    have reported 由in recent years可知此处语境表示的是从过去某时一直持续到现在,故用现在完成时。
    17.【2019全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】
    Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ______ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
    【参考答案】
    are 根据空白处前面的are及空白处后面的is和lack可知,本句是现在时态,又根据six,因此此处填are。
    18.【2019全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】
    Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award, proud Irene ______(declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, "I don't see any reason to give up work. "
    【参考答案】
    declared Irene的领奖发言是过去发生的事,另根据此空白处后面的过去式had和下文Irene said可知,此处用declare的过去式。
    19.【2019全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】
    I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ______(make) over the years.
    【参考答案】
    have made over the years常与完成时连用,在此意为“(从过去某时到现在的)多年来”。根据主句谓语动词love的时态可知,定语从句的谓语动词make应用现在完成式。
    20.【2019全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】
    Our hosts shared many of their experiences and ______(recommend)wonderful places to eat,shop,and visit.
    【参考答案】
    recommended 全文是在叙述过去的情况,再根据空白处前面的并列的谓语动词shared可知,此处用recommend的过去式recommended。
    21.【2019全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】
    On the last day of our week-long stay,we ______(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars,listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
    【参考答案】
    were invited invite和主语we之间是被动关系,故用其被动语态,且全文是在叙述过去的情况,因此应用一般过去时的被动语态。
    22.【2019浙江卷6月语法填空】
    When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ______ (have) to worry about fashion(时尚).
    【参考答案】
    has / will have 在含有时间状语从句的复合句中,当主句和从句的谓语动词均表示将来的动作时,通常从句的谓语动词用一般现在式,主句的谓语动词用将来式。此处用has / will have表示倾向性。
    23.【2019浙江卷6月语法填空】
    One study in America found that students' grades ______ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms.
    【参考答案】
    improved 根据语境One study in America found that … 可知讲述的是过去的事情,故用动词improve的一般过去式。
    24.【2018全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】
    While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it ______ (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.
    【参考答案】
    is 本文讲述跑步的好处,用的是现在时态,再根据空白处前面的can’t make和says可知,此处讲述的是客观事实,因此用is。
    25.【2018全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】
    Since 2011, the country ______ (grow) more corn than rice.
    【参考答案】
    has grown 由Since 2011“自2011年以来”可知此处语境表示的是从过去的某个时间开始,一直持续到现在,故用现在完成时,且主语the country 是单数名词。
    26.【2018全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】
    The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 – when the government ______ (start) a soil – testing program that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers – and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
    【参考答案】
    started 根据上下文可知作者在说2005年发生的事情,应用动词的一般过去式。
    27.【2018全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】
    When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find them alive. True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal ______ (mean)me no real harm.
    【参考答案】
    meant【谓语动词(时态)】全文是在叙述过去的情况,因此谓语动词用一般过去时。
    28.【2018浙江卷6月语法填空】
    I still remember visiting a friend who’d lived here for five years and I______ (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.  
    【参考答案】
    was shocked shock和主语I之间是被动关系,故用其被动语态。
    29.【2018浙江卷6月语法填空】
    While regularly eating out seems to ______ (become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost.
    【参考答案】
    have become 由in recent years可知此处用不定式的完成式表示这一现象从过去某时一直持续到现在,还可能持续下去。
    30.【2018浙江卷11月语法填空】
    Caffeine ______ (be) in your first Coke. If you ever enjoyed a chocolate bar, you ate caffeine.
    【参考答案】
    was 根据前后语境,再结合本句中你喝的第一杯可乐是存在于过去的一个状态,可知此处用一般过去时。
    31.【2017全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】
    When fat and salt ______ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.
    【参考答案】
    are removed 【谓语动词(一般现在时的被动语态)】文章描述的是客观事实,且主语fat and salt与谓语动词remove为被动关系,因此此处应填are removed。
    32.【2017全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】
    Fast food ______ (be) full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
    【参考答案】
    is【谓语动词(一般现在时)】根据上下文可知,“快餐富含脂肪和盐”是客观事实,且主语Fast food是第三人称单数形式,因此谓语动词应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。
    33.【2017全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】
    Steam engines 65.______ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 66.______ (fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.
    【参考答案】
    65.were used 【谓语动词(一般过去时的被动语态)】根据语境“蒸汽机被用来拉动车厢”。文章叙述的是过去的事,且主语Steam engines与use为动宾关系。
    66. fairly 【词性转化(形容词转化为副词)】此处修饰形容词unpleasant, 应填副词fairly。
    34.【2017全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】
    Later, engineers______ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube.
    【参考答案】
    managed【谓语动词(过去时)】根据上下文可知作者在描述过去的事情,应用动词的一般过去式。
    35.【2017全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】
    Sarah ______ (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time.
    【参考答案】
    has been told / was told【谓语动词(时态和语态)】此处意为“萨拉被告知下一年她可能成为收入百万美元的英国新超级模特”。主语 Sarah与tell为被动关系,且描述的是过去的事实,也可能会对现在造成影响,因此此处填 has been told / was told。
    36.【2017全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】
    My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school ______ (come) first.
    【参考答案】
    comes 【动词时态】由at the moment可知,此处应用一般现在时。
    37.【2017浙江卷11月语法填空】
    This isn't as hard as it ______ (sound), and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while reading an interesting piece of literature.
    【参考答案】
    考查谓语动词。句意:这件事并不像听起来那么难。描述的是一般事实,而且主语为it,因此用sound的一般现在时第三人称单数形式。故填sounds.
    38.【2017浙江卷语法填空】
    Pahlsson and her husband ______ (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again,” she says. She never replaced it.
    【参考答案】
    考察时态。 根据“but turned up nothing”可知用过去时。故Pahlsson and her husband 62 (search) the kitchen填过去时。 故填searched.
    39.【2017浙江卷语法填空】
    Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got ______ (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, where it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.
    【参考答案】
    考察时态,ring和sweep之间是被动关系,故填swept.



    1.【辽宁省朝阳市建平县2021届高三9月联考】It______ (go) on to say that almost half of all museums reported an annual increase in visitor numbers.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态。此处缺乏谓语动词,本句It指代前面的a survey,a survey是2017年执行的,所以用一般过去时。故填went。
    2.【辽宁省朝阳市建平县2021届高三9月联考】In 2017, a survey ______ (conduct) to find out how funding cuts affected museums.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态和语态。此处缺乏谓语动词,由时间状语In 2017可知,该句使用过去时,而主语a survey与谓语动词conduct是被动关系,用一般过去时的被动语态,主语a survey是单数,谓语应用单数形式。故填was conducted。
    3.【重庆市南开中学2021届高三仿真】I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ______ (make) over the years.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态。句意:我喜欢来到这里,看看我的家人和我多年来结交的所有朋友。根据句意和句中“over the years”可知,句中的动作开始于过去,持续到现在,应用现在完成时,I与have连用,make的过去分词为made。故填have made。
    4.【重庆市一中2021届高三适应性考试】As the saying goes, “A hero ______ (know) in the time of misfortune”. Zhong Nanshan is a hero like this.
    【参考答案】
    考查动词时态语态。句意:俗话说,“时势造英雄”。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,且陈述客观事实用一般现在时,主语为单数名词,谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填is known。
    5.【重庆市一中2021届高三适应性考试】In 2003, SARS______ (break)out in Guangdong.
    【参考答案】
    考查动词时态。break在句中做谓语,且动作发生在2003年,故用一般过去时。故填broke。
    6.【重庆市第八中学2021届高三二诊】For centuries, this simple counting device (设备) ______ (pass) down through different dynasties with its original design and purpose actually unchanged.
    【参考答案】
    考查动词时态。句意:几个世纪以来,这种简单的计数装置在不同的朝代流传下来,它最初的设计和用途实际上没有改变。此空应是谓语动词,根据上文For centuries,可知应用现在完成时,且主语this simple counting device 与谓语动词pass构成被动关系,用被动语态,故填has been passed。
    7.【辽宁省沈阳市2021届高三教学质量监测】The Mingsha Mountain ______ (locate) in Dunhuang city in western China.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态和语态。句意:鸣沙山位于中国西部敦煌市。be located in“位于......”,为固定短语,分析句子,设空处在句子作谓语,本句讲述的为客观事实,所以时态用一般现在时。结合句子主语The Mingsha Mountain ,为第三人称单数,所以be用is。故填is located。
    8.【辽宁省沈阳市2021届高三教学质量监测】The spring, which looks like a crescent moon (新月), ______ (exist) for thousands of years, and has never dried up.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态。句意:这个看起来像新月的泉水,已经存在了几千年,从未干涸过。根据下文and has never dried up可知,设空处同样为句子谓语,其时态应和下文时态一致,时态用现在完成时;结合主语The spring,所以助动词用has,故填has existed。
    9.【辽宁省沈阳市2021届高三教学质量监测】The spring, which looks like a crescent moon (新月), has existed for thousands of years, and has never dried up. The formation and continuous existence of the Crescent Spring ______ (be) all related to its geographic location.
    【参考答案】
    考查主谓一致。句意:月牙泉的形成和连续存在都与其地理位置有关。分析句子可知,设空处在句中作谓语;结合前文,可知时态用一般现在时。主语The formation and continuous existence of the Crescent Spring(月牙泉的形成和连续存在),为复数,所以be用are。故填are。
    10.【辽宁百校联盟2021届高三质监】The newly completed section from the Daxing Airport to Xiongan ______ (allow) a speed of 350 kilometers per hour.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态。句意:从大兴机场到雄安的新完工路段时速可达350公里。陈述客观事实用一般现在时,主语为The newly completed section,谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填allows。
    11.【辽宁百校联盟2021届高三质监】The 42,000 square-meter railway station ______ (shape) like a dewdrop (水滴)on a lotus leaf and is covered with photovoltaic materials.
    【参考答案】
    考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:这座42000平方米的火车站形似荷叶上的露珠,覆盖着光伏材料。根据后文“is covered with photovoltaic materials”可知为一般现在时,主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为The 42,000 square-meter railway station,谓语动词用单数。故填is shaped。
    12.【湖南师范大学附中2021届高三模拟】But it didn't take long for Wu Lei to fit in after he ______ (move) from Shanghai SIPG to Spanish club Espanyol at the end of January.
    【参考答案】
    考查动词时态。句意:但在一月底从上海上港转会到西班牙俱乐部Espanyol后,吴磊很快就融入了俱乐部。分析可知,设空处为从句谓语动词,根据语境及at the end of January可知,此处使用一般过去时。故填moved。
    13.【福建省福州一中2021届高三调研】"The wild elephants get annoyed if they 40. ______ (disturb)," one of the employees Chen Jiming says. Chen 41.______ (take) care of wild elephants for the past 20 years.
    【参考答案】
    40.考查被动语态。句意:“野生大象如果被打扰就会生气。”其中一名员工陈继铭说。分析句子可知,they和disturb之间是被动关系,且根据全文是一般现在时,故填are disturbed。
    41.考查现在完成时。句意:陈已经照顾野生大象已经20年了。根据for thepast 20 years可知要用现在完成时,主语是Chen,所以助动词用has。故填has taken。

    14.【湖南省永州市2021届高三二模】As it returned successfully, Chang’e 5 ______ (become) the first lunar sample-return spacecraft since 1976.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态。句意:成功返回后,嫦娥五号成为自1976年以来的首个登月带样品返回的航天器。根据时间状语since 1976可知,应该用现在完成时,故填has become。
    15.【湖北省武汉市2021届高三质量检测】These 3000-year-old symbols, jiaguwen, ______ (carve) on turtle shells or bones of animals, and can give us insight into how ancient Chinese saw the world around them and into their great creativity.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态语态。句意:这些有三千年历史的符号,甲骨文,刻在甲壳或动物的骨头上,可以让我们了解古人如何看待周围的世界,以及他们伟大的创造力。根据句意以及上文的“These 3000-year-old symbols”可知,这些文字是在3000年前雕刻,属于过去发生的事实要用一般过去时。主语These 3000-year-old symbols是复数,且与动词carve是被动关系。故填were carved。
    16.【湖北省九师联盟2021届高三质量检测】Those amazing light shows in the sky of the arctic regions occur frequently between September and October and then occur again between March and April. They can also ______ (see) sometimes in winter.
    【参考答案】
    考查被动语态。句意:它们有时候可能在冬天也可以被看见。根据句意可知,they与see是动宾关系,又因为空前有情态动词can,故此处用所给动词的被动语态形式be seen。故填be seen。
    17.【湖北省八市2021届高三联考】Shanghai is a people-centric city. I stayed in Shanghai during the pandemic and now my perception of the city ______ (change) as 1 experienced a city that cares about its citizens regardless of their nationality and origin.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态。句意:疫情期间我住在上海,现在我对这个城市的看法已经改变了,因为我感受到了它是一个关心市民的城市,不管他们的国籍和出身如何。“改变”这一动作从过去持续到现在,并且有可能持续下去,所以用现在完成时。主语perception为单数,注意主谓一致。故填has changed。
    18.【湖北省2021届高三联考】China launched a large robotic spacecraft early Tuesday morning at the Wenchang Space Launch Center in south China’s Hainan province, tasking it with landing on the moon and bringing back lunar samples, 44 years after such extraterrestrial substances (外星物质) ______ (bring) back to earth the last time.
    【参考答案】
    考查动词时态及语态。句意同上。分析可知,设空处为从句谓语动词,根据 the last time可知,应用一般过去时,此处与主语是逻辑动宾关系,应用被动语态,主语such extraterrestrial substances是复数,故填were brought。
    19.【河北省张家口市2021届高三一模】With more than 53,000 followers, they often got comments asking why Newey was delivering pizzas at his age. The family ______ (decide) to do some good.
    【参考答案】
    考查动词时态。句意:这个家庭决定做些好事。根据文章内容和时态可知,用一般过去时。故填decided。
    20.【河北省衡水中学2021届高三联考】When the sun, moon and the earth are in a straight line, there will be an eclipse, so that the moon completely ______ (block) the sun.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态。句意:当太阳、月亮和地球在一条直线上时,就会发生日食,使月亮完全遮住太阳。句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时,主语为moon,谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填blocks。
    21.【河北省衡水中学2021届高三联考】Once it ______ (observe) that hippos in Zimbabwe left their rivers during an eclipse, and headed towards their night feeding places on dry land. In the middle of their journey, the solar eclipse passed, daylight returned, and the hippos gave up their efforts.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态语态。句意:有一次观察到津巴布韦的河马在月食时离开它们的河流,前往它们夜间进食的陆地。由时间状语Once及后文的时态可知,空格处应用一般过去时,且it作形式主语,与observe之间为被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为it,谓语动词用单数。故填was observed。
    22.【河北省保定市2021届高三模拟】In the past two decades, the Chinese government ______ (strengthen) ecological protection of wetlands along the Yellow River, Making various species of wild birds take shelter in the Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve, located at the river’s estuary in East China’s Shandong province.
    【参考答案】
    考查现在完成时。句意:在过去的20年里,中国政府加强了黄河沿岸湿地的生态保护,使各种野生鸟类在黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区得到保护,该保护区位于黄河河口,位于中国东部的山东省。根据时间状语In the past two decades可知,此处应用现在完成时。故填has strengthened。
    23.【河北省保定市2021届高三模拟】Last year, a total of 57 pairs of oriental storks ______ (find) to nest and reproduce outside the reserve.
    【参考答案】
    考查一般过去时和被动语态。句意:去年,共有57对东方鹤在保护区外筑巢和繁殖。根据时间状语Last year可知,此处应用一般过去时。动词find和主语oriental storks构成被动关系。故填were found。
    24.【广东湛江一中2021届高三模拟】A research conducted by the World Health Organization finds that nearly 50% of teens ______ (fall) into the habit of exposing themselves to unsafe levels of sound so far.
    【参考答案】
    考查动词时态和语态。句意:世界卫生组织做的一份调查发现接近一半的青少年已经养成了把自己暴露在过大音量的环境中。由于有so far修饰,描述过去动作对现在的影响,故用现在完成时,主语为teens,故用have fallen。fall into the habit of 养成…的习惯。故填have fallen。
    25.【广东实验中学2021届高三模拟】The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Awakening of Insects (惊蛰) ______ (fall) on Mar 6 and ends on Mar 20 this year.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态。陈述客观事实,用一般一般现在时。句意:今年的惊蛰是在3月6日。故填falls。
    26.【广东实验中学2021届高三模拟】Eating pears around the Awakening of Insects ______ (be) a widely-practiced custom in China.
    【参考答案】
    考查主谓一致。动名词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。句意:在中国,惊蛰前后吃梨是一种很普遍的习俗。故填is。
    27.【广东省深圳市2021届高三调研】She, together with her teammates, ______ (help) villagers sell nearly 500,000 kilograms of oranges every week.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态和主谓一致。句意:她和队友们每周帮助村民们销售近50万公斤橘子。根据后文every week可知应用一般现在时,且主语后接介词短语together with her teammates时,不影响主语的人称和数,谓语动词应根据主语的人称和数来确定,即谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填helps。
    28.【广东省深圳市2021届高三调研】Gan______ (know) as one of the pioneers who shares country life and promotes sales of related products online.
    【参考答案】
    考查固定短语和时态。句意:甘被认为是分享乡村生活并在网上推广相关产品的先驱之一。结合句意表示“被认为……”可知短语为be known as,结合后文“who shares country life and promotes sales of related products online”可知应用一般现在时,主语为Gan,谓语动词用单数。故填is known。
    29.【广东省六校2021届高三联考】In a time when many people around the globe are in lockdown and unable to attend the gym, emphasis______ (place) on home exercising.
    【参考答案】
    考查现在完成时和被动语态。句意:在全球许多人都处于封锁状态、无法去健身房的时候,人们把重点放在了在家锻炼上。动词place(放置)和主语emphasis构成被动关系,此处用现在完成时表示对现在这种情况的强调。故填has been placed。
    30.【广东省六校2021届高三联考】Cardiovascular exercise (有氧运动),often simply called cardio, is designed to keep your heart rate up, and gradually ______ (strength) your heart and improve your general fitness.
    【参考答案】
    考查动词。句意:心血管运动,通常简单地称为有氧运动,旨在保持你的心率加快,并逐渐加强你的心脏和改善你的整体健康。根据“improve your general fitness”可知,此处应用动词原形与improve为并列关系。故填strengthen。
    31.【广州2021届高三一模】Worldwide, three cups of tea ______ (consume) for every cup of coffee.
    【参考答案】
    考查动词时态语态。句意:在世界范围内,每喝一杯咖啡就要喝三杯茶。句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时,主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为three cups of tea,谓语动词用复数。故填are consumed。
    32.【广州2021届高三一模】Tea spread into northern China during the Tang Dynasty; by the Song Dynasty it ______ (acquire) a loose-leaf production as well as the ceremonies that made its consumption an art form.
    【参考答案】
    考查动词时态。句意:茶叶在唐代传入中国北方;到了宋朝,它已经获得了散装生产和使喝茶成为了一种艺术形式的仪式。根据上文“by the Song Dynasty”可知表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填had acquired。
    33.【广东省佛山市2021届高三质检】Till now new dates ______ (set) for the games-the Games will be held between July 23, 2021 and August 8, 2021.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态和语态。句意:到目前为止,奥运会已经确定了新的日期——2021年7月23日至2021年8月8日之间举行。分析句意,句中的时间状语Till now译为“到目前为止”是现在完成时的时间状语。主语 new dates和提示词set之间为被动关系。主语为复数形式,故现在完成时的助动词也需用复数形式。综上,故填have been set。
    34.【福建省厦门市2021届高三质检】It ______ (consider) politer to have brief eye contact, especially between people of different social status (like a student and a teacher, or a child and his elder relatives). For example, if a Japanese woman avoids looking someone in the eye, she is not showing a lack of interest nor is she showing a lack of confidence.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态和语态。句意:简短的眼神交流被认为是更加礼貌的,尤其当两个人的社会地位不同时(例如老师和学生,或者孩子和他/她年长的亲人)。分析可知,此处为句子谓语动词,结合语境可知此处为一般现在时,it是形式主语,真正的主语是to have brief eye contact,它和consider之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is considered。
    35.【福建省龙岩市2021届高三质检】One year later, Liang______ (admit) to the national school training team for World Skills Competition.
    【参考答案】
    考查动词时态。句意:一年后,梁被国家学校集训队录取,参加世界技能大赛。结合句意表示“被录取”可知短语为be admitted to,且句子描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时,主语为Liang,谓语动词用单数。故填was admitted。
    36.【福建省福州一中2021届高三模拟】The study's Danish researchers ______ (convince) that choosing this kind of physical activity can reward us with 5 to 6 more years of life!
    【参考答案】
    考查被动语态。句意:这项研究的丹麦研究人员确信,选择这种体育活动可以让我们多活5到6年!此外,为了达到更好的效果,研究人员建议限制自己适度的慢跑,而不是快节奏和累人的长跑。谓语动词convince和主语The study's Danish researchers之间是被动关系,应用被动语态(be done),(be convinced that…“确信……”句型中convinced已转化为形容词,)根据句意和上下文应用一般现在时,主语为复数,谓语动词用复数。故填are convinced。
    37.【福建省福州一中2021届高三模拟】The scientists analyzed the data on about 20,000 people aged between 20 and 93, ______ (collect) for over 35 years by the Copenhagen City Heart Study. According to Dr. Peter Schnohr, the leader researcher, jogging is associated with as much as a 44 percent lower risk of death.
    【参考答案】
    考查动词过去分词。句意:科学家们分析了哥本哈根城市心脏研究中心35年来收集的大约20000名年龄在20岁到93岁之间的人的数据。分析句子,根据句意可知,非谓语动词collect和所修饰的名词data之间是被动关系,故用其过去分词短语作后置定语,相当于非限制性定语从句which was collected。 故填collected。
    38.【福建省福州市2021届高三一模】In the Classic of Poetry, the oldest existing collection of Chinese poetry, the animal ______ (mention) several times.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态和语态。句意:在现存最古老的中国诗集《诗经》中,这种动物被多次提及。此处缺乏谓语,由句意可知,事情已发生,时态用一般过去时,主语the animal和谓语动词mention是被动关系,用一般过去时的被动语态(was/were done),主语the animal是单数,谓语也用单数形式。故填was mentioned。
    39.【福建省福州市2021届高三一模】The poem ______ (imply) that Lu Xun would serve the people heart and soul and would never give in to enemies, which fully expresses the poet’s loyalty to the people.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态。句意:这首诗寓意着鲁迅全心全意为人民服务,永不向敌人屈服,充分表达了诗人对人民的忠诚。此处缺乏谓语,由句意可知,讲的是一个事实,时态用一般现在时,主语The poem是单数,谓语也用单数形式。故填implies。
    40.【重庆市育才中学2021届高三模拟】If you take it as a way of life, only expecting to find ways to feel a little better, one day you’ll notice you ______ (change)your thinking.
    【参考答案】
    考查动词时态。句意:有一天你会发现你已经改变了自己的想法。此处强调过去发生的动作所产生的影响持续到了将来,应用现在完成时。且主语为you,谓语动词用复数形式。故填have changed。
    41.【重庆市南开中学2021届高三模拟】The next day,he______ (offer)another one and he was amazed by the discovery.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态和被动。句意:第二天,他又被给了一块,这一发现让他大吃一惊。分析可知,所填动词应是句子谓语,结合前文可知与主语“he”之间为被动关系,结合语境可知应是一般过去时被动。故填was offered。
    42.【重庆市巴蜀中学2021届高三模拟】Beneath the solar panels ______(be)a layer that separates them from the damp ground.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态。将它们与潮湿的地面分开的一层在太阳能电池板下面。此句是全部倒装,句子是一般现在时态,主语是a layer,单数第三人称,故答案为is。
    43.【重庆市巴蜀中学2021届高三模拟】Earlier this year, the Qilu Transportation Development Group, also handling the Jinan Expressway solar road, ______(build)a 160-meter- long solar road in the city of Jinan.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态。今年早些时候,齐鲁运输发展集团也在济南市高速公路上修建了一条160米长的太阳能公路。根据Earlier this year可知句子用一般过去时态,故答案为built。
    44.【山东省青岛市2021届高三质检】In the time of Song Dynasty, Zhou Dunyi ______ (write) the book Theory of the Tai Chi Pictures.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态。句意:宋代周敦颐著有《太极图论》。此处是谓语动词,根据In the time of Song Dynasty可知时态是一般过去时,因此此处要用动词的过去式,write的过去式是wrote。故填wrote。
    45.【山东省青岛市2021届高三质检】It comes from The Book of Changes(《周易》). In the time of Song Dynasty, Zhou Dunyi wrote the book Theory of the Tai Chi Pictures. The inventors of Tai Chi ______ (inspire)by this book and invented Tai Chi Chuan with the continuous movements of drawing circles in the air by guiding the breath with the willpower.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态和语态。句意:太极拳的发明者受到这本书的启发,用意志力引导呼吸,不断在空中画圈的动作,发明了太极拳。由上文可知时态是一般过去时,根据主语为The inventors of Tai Chi ,与inspire之间是被动关系,可知此处要用被动语态were inspired。故填were inspired。
    46.【山东省菏泽市2021届高三模拟】Large fires have long ______(rob) humanity of knowledge, art and treasures.
    【参考答案】
    考查动词时态。句意:长期来看,大火夺走了人类的知识、艺术和财富。空格前有助动词have,结合时间状语long可推断,用现在完成时,且主语fires与谓语动词rob是主动关系,故填robbed
    47.【山东省菏泽市2021届高三模拟】Experts say that what is needed ______(be) continuous attention and maintenance.
    【参考答案】
    考查动词时态与主谓一致。句意:专家说需要的是持续的关注和维护。由句子结构可知,that引导宾语从句,从句的主语是主语从句what is needed,从句作主语,谓语动词用单数,根据语境,用一般现在时,故填is。
    48.【辽宁省辽阳市2021届高三模拟】Even if your grandparents live far away, that doesn't mean you can’t celebrate with them. Danielle Kirsch______ (celebrate) by trying a new activity every year with her grandmother Elsie.
    【参考答案】
    考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:Danielle Kirsch每年都和她的祖母Elsie一起尝试一项新的活动来庆祝。根据时间状语every year可知,此处是用一般现在时,主语为Danielle Kirsch,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填celebrates。
    49.【辽宁省辽西地区2021届高三大联考】Bike-to-Work Day is held every year across North America on the third Friday of May. It______ (start) by the League of American Bicyclists in 1956.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态和语态。句意:它是在1956年由美国自行车联盟发起的。根据句中“in 1956”可知句子陈述的是过去的事,且句中It代指的Bike-to-Work Day与start为逻辑上的被动关系,即Bike-to-Work Day被发起,故句子应用一般过时的被动语态,It与was连用,start的过去分词为started。故填was started。
    50.【辽宁省辽西地区2021届高三大联考】Bicycles are a very common form of transport in the world. There______ (be) about one billion bicycles worldwide.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态和主谓一致。句意:全世界大约有10亿辆自行车。句子陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,句子为there be句型,句子主语为about one billion bicycles, 为复数形式,应与are连用。故填are。
    51.【辽宁省葫芦岛市2021届高三模拟】A new technology can be seen at Tokyo airport that is called a mobility (移动性) system or wheelchair moving on its own. The mobility system______ (seat) one person and is able to find its way on its own without hitting anything.
    【参考答案】
    考查主谓一致。句意:这种移动系统可以容纳一个人,并且能够在不撞到任何东西的情况下自己找到路。分析句子结构,句子缺少谓语,且主语是the mobility system,表单数。结合“and is able to…”可知句子时态为一般现在时。seat作动词表示“可容纳”,和主语是表主动关系,故填seats。
    52.【辽宁省葫芦岛市2021届高三模拟】Tests______ (carry) out at several airports since last year, including John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York. The company hopes to put it in airports around the world.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态和语态。句意:自去年以来,该系统已在包括纽约肯尼迪国际机场在内的几家机场进行测试。分析句子结构,句子缺少谓语,主语(tests)和谓语(carry out)表被动关系。再根据关键词since判断,测试的工作是从去年开始,并且持续到现在而且可能继续下去,所以需用现在完成时。综上,故填have been carried。
    53.【江苏省如皋市2021届高三调研】Every year, an average of 1,218 nose and 2,479 ear removals ______ (occur) between 2010 and 2019.
    【参考答案】
    考查动词时态。句意:在2010年至2019年期间,平均每年有1218例鼻子异物移除手术和2479例耳朵异物移除手术。根据后文“between 2010 and 2019”可知描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。故填occurred。
    54.【江苏省南通市通州区2021届高三质量监测】Swimming, for example. is an excellent physical activity as nearly all muscles ______ (use)when you swim.
    【参考答案】
    考查动词时态语态。句意:例如,游泳是一项极好的体育活动,因为游泳时几乎所有的肌肉都被用到。根据后文“when you swim”可知用一般现在时,主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为nearly all muscles,谓语动词用复数。故填are used。
    55.【江苏省海安高级中学2021届高三五调】Laughter Yoga______ (create) in the mid-1990s as a social experiment.
    【参考答案】
    考查被动语态。句意:笑声瑜伽是在20世纪90年代中期,作为一项社会实验而创立的。Laughter Yoga “笑声瑜伽”(名词单数)和创立create为被动关系,谓语动词create需要用被动语态(be+过去分词)。in the mid-1990s“在20世纪90年代中期”是过去时间,谓语用一般过去时。故填was created。
    56.【江苏省海安高级中学2021届高三五调】Medical research ______ (suggest) that language is a good way to reduce stress and help people feel good. Kataria Laughter Clubs are popping up in response to people’s need to handle pressure.

    【参考答案】
    考查时态。句意:医学研究已经表明,语言是减轻压力和帮助人们感觉良好的好方法。根据上下文可知,此处应该用现在完成时,表达过去的动作对现在的影响,医学研究已经表明。主语Medical research“医学研究”为第三人称单数名词。故填has suggested。
    57.【江苏省常州高级中学2021届高三调研】Liaoning province,______ (create) a painting of the Monkey King using a bamboo brush last month.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态。句意:来自辽宁沈阳的44岁艺术家邓宇上个月用竹刷作画创作了一幅美猴王的画。分析句子结构可知,句子缺少谓语动词,根据last month可知用一般过去时,且create和主语构成主动的关系。故填created。
    58.【湖北省宜昌市2021届高三联考】I want to thank the Beijing 2022 organizing committee for the outstanding work they______(do)so far.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态。句意:我要感谢北京2022年冬奥会组委会到目前为止所做的出色工作。根据时间状语so far,可知用现在完成时。故填have done。
    59.【湖北省孝感高中2021届高三模拟】But the country's economic development over the years ______ (permit) the sport to spread beyond the wealthy.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态。句意:但这年国家经济的发展已经使得这样运动的传播范围超出了富人。分析句子可知,设空处为句子谓语动词,根据时间状语over the years可知用现在完成时,主语development不可数,助动词应用has。故填has permitted。
    60.【湖北省孝感高中2021届高三模拟】Pigeon racing has a long history in China. “Membership in the Chinese Pigeon Association has jumped from tens of thousands in the 1980s to about 400.000 today.'”______ (say) the group’s vice president, Huang Jian.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态。句意:该组织的副主席黄健说:“中国信鸽协会的会员以从上世纪80年代的几万人变成了现在的大约40万人。”分析可知,此处为谓语动词,结合语境和上文的has a long history可知,此处为一般现在时,主语Huang Jian是第三人称单数,故谓语动词用三单现;也可看作他在之前的采访中告诉记者的,即发生在过去,用一般过去时。故填said/says。
    61.【湖北省孝感高级中学2021届高三调研】Then the researchers ______ ( analyze) the 10 years of data to understand how people handled stress over time.
    【参考答案】
    考查动词的时态。句意:然后,研究人员分析了10年的数据,以了解人们是如何随着时间的推移处理压力的。根据上下文可知,此处叙述的是过去发生的实验过程,句子为一般过去时,应用所给动词analyze的过去式。故填analyzed。
    62.【湖北省武汉外国语学校2021届高三调研】Cholera was a deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure ______ (understand).
    【参考答案】
    考查主谓一致、时态和语态。根据语境,这里应用一般过去时,又因当“neither...nor...”结构连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词的人称和数应该和接近它的主语相一致,且此处表示被动,故填was understood。
    63.【湖北省武汉外国语学校2021届高三调研】The first suggested that cholera ______ (multiply) in the air. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态。第一种理论表明霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖。根据上下文时态可知,这里应填multiplied。
    64.【湖北省武汉市武昌区2021届高三质检】She would also like to see how she looks, cook a big meal for her parents and take a walk in the places she ______ (be) to hundreds of times.
    【参考答案】
    考查现在完成时。句意:她还想看看自己长得怎么样,为父母做顿大餐,在去过几百次的地方散散步。根据hundreds of times以及句意可知,此处应用现在完成时。故填has been。
    65.【河北省2021届高三模拟】And then there's the question of just what ______ (drive) those monster storms.
    【参考答案】
    考查时态和主谓一致。句意:接下来的问题是,究竟是什么推动了这些巨大的风暴。此处陈述客观事实应用一般现在时,主语为what,故谓语动词一般用第三人称单数,故填drives。
    66.【河北省2021届高三模拟】Nine spacecrafts ______ (send) to study Jupiter by now. The most recent was Juno, which arrived at the planet in July 2016.
    【参考答案】
    考查动词时态语态。句意:到目前为止,已经派出了九艘宇宙飞船去研究木星。根据时间状语by now可知,此处应用现在完成时,且谓语动词与主语构成被动关系,所以用现在完成时的被动语态,主语为Nine spacecrafts,助动词用have。故填have been sent。
    67.【广东省深圳外国语学校2021届高三四调】Today, he is so good at woodcarving that his home city allows him to work his magic on old tree stumps and so far about 40 works of art ______ (create) in the local parks.
    【参考答案】
    考查动词时态语态。句意:如今,他的木雕技艺如此高超,家乡的城市允许他在老树桩上施展他的魔法,到目前为止,当地的公园已经创作了大约40件艺术品。根据上文“so far”可知应用现在完成时,且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,故应用现在完成时的被动语态,主语为about 40 works of art,助动词用have。故填have been created。
    68.【广东省深圳外国语学校2021届高三三调】In the 7th century, kite ______ (introduce) to neighboring countries including Korea and Japan.
    【参考答案】
    考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意:在七世纪,风筝被介绍到了像朝鲜和日本这样的邻国。由“In the 7th century”确定本句时态为一般过去时,kite(物体)作主语,确定语态为被动语态。同时kite是第三人称单数,故填was introduced。
    69.【广东省华南师大附中2021届高三调研】I attended a birthday party in 1991. My teacher was then 59 years old. But her fellow teacher said that we ______ (celebrate) her 39th birthday!
    【参考答案】
    考查时态。句意同上,根据语境可知此处表示过去将要发生的动作,表示过去按计划进行的事情时可用过去进行时表过去将来,主语是复数,谓语动词也用复数,故填were celebrating。
    70.【广东省2021届高三四校联考】The amount of space junk 38.______ (increase). Over the last few decades, satellites and rockets39.______ (launch) into space, littering the cosmos as they go.
    【参考答案】
    38.考查动词时态。句意:太空垃圾的数量正在增多。根据句意可知,此处可以表示正在进行的动作,或者表示过去发生的动作且还要继续进行下去,应用现在进行时或现在完成进行时。故填is increasing或has been increasing。
    39.考查动词时态及语态。句意:在过去的几十年中,人造卫星和火箭已经发射升空,在宇宙飞散时随地乱扔。根据时间状语over the last few decades可知,应用现在完成时,主语satellites and rockets和动词launch是动宾关系,被发射,应用现在完成时的被动形式。故填have been launched。




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