中考英语复习专题5 动词的时态和语态（一）专项练习（解析版）

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专题5 2022年中考英语第二轮复习讲练测动词的时态和语态（一）  Ⅰ.单项选择 1.（2020　广西贺州平桂中考模拟） Our teachers _______ with us for three years since we came to junior high school. A. was            B. were     C. has been    D. have been【答案】D【解析】“for three years”带有段时间状语的“现在完成时”，同时考虑我们的老师是复数形式。2.（2021　浙江温州第十二中学中考模拟四）---Don’t worry. Tony      you take care of your cats when you are away on business.---He is so warm-hearted.A. helps           B. helped         C. will help       D. was helping【答案】C【解析】“当你外出时”表达的是主语需要用一般将来时的形式。3. (2021　黔东南中考导向权威预测四）---_____you ever___mapo tofu,Diana?---No,never.But we have had gongbao chicken.A.Do; try     B.Have;tried    C.Did; try     D.Will; try【答案】B【解析】“ever”为现在完成时标志，从后文可知，他从来没有尝试着吃过麻婆豆腐。4.（2022 江西中考模拟五） I still remember I met her in the library for the first time, she ______ a book by the window.A. read        B. is reading        C. was reading       D. reads.【答案】C【解析】前文强调过去的某个时刻，即为过去进行时。 5.（2022　济南九年级学业水平测试考前试题二）---Mom, you are wanted on the phone.---Wait a minute. I______my hands.A.was washing         B.am washing             C. have washed            D. washed【答案】B【解析】前文的“妈妈电话上有人正找你”强调现在正在进行的动作。6.（2022　济南九年级学业水平测试考前试题四）---Hi, Jacob! Do you go to the cinema a lot?---No, I______ to the cinema for ages. A. didn't go       B. haven't gone      C. have been          D. haven't been【答案】D【解析】“ for ages”为现在完成时时间状语的标志，同时需要注意，“go”用于带有段时间状语的“现在完成时”，需要改变成“been”的形式。7.（2022 江西中考模拟七）---I didn’t know you _______ a book about Nangchang.  ---Yes, and it is going to be finished this summer. A. had written       B. wrote          C. are writing        D. was writing【答案】C【解析】根据and it is going to be finished this summer，所以用现在进行时来表示目前一段时间内一直在进行的动作。而A项是过去完成时，表示过去发生的动作对过去产生的影响，或者表示在过去的一个动作之前发生的事，即过去的过去， 在这里与后一句说今年夏天将完成这一事实相矛盾，所以A项不符合题意。B项是过去时，表示过去发生的动作，与现在无关，所以也不符合题意，D项是过去进行时，表示在过去的某个时间或是过去的一段时间内一直在发生的动作。也与现在无关，也不合题意。8.（2022　牛津译林版中考模拟一）---I wonder if Li Hua ________ to the hospital to receive COVID-19 vaccinations (疫苗接种).--- I'm sure he will if he ________ time.A. goes; will have         B. will go; has              C. will go; will have       D. goes; has【答案】B【解析】“if”为“是否”之意时，不控制后从句的时态，从句为一般将来时，而第二个“”是如果，它后面从句的时态要被控制，则要用一般现在时的形式。 9.（2022　人教版中考模拟二）---How long has Tom ________ ?---Since I saw him last year. A. got married       B. come to China    C. left his school      D. worked here【答案】D【解析】A，B，C中的动词都有“非延续性动作”，它们与“How long”的现在完成时不能连用。10.（2022　上海中考英语冲刺卷二） My mother ______as an architect since she graduated from Tong Jing University.A. worked            B. has worked          C. had worked           D. is working【答案】B【解析】由since she graduate from Tong Jing University可知，表示我的妈妈从过去毕业之后一直是一位建筑师，从过去某一个时间发生的动作持续到今天，所以用现在完成时。11.（2022　上海中考英语冲刺卷二） He told us that he was tired and thirsty because he _____in the desert for days.A. walked            B. has walked            C. had worked D. would worked 【答案】C【解析】that引导一个宾语从句，从句中he was tired and thirsty 是主句，用一般过去时；because引导一个原因状语从句，时态也要用相应的过去时态。根据句意，在沙漠中走了好几天是在告诉我们之前发生的动作，就是过去的过去，用过去完成时。12.（2022　中考英语复习综合提优练习）---When did you buy your car? It looks so new.---Really? I       it for three years and I like it very much.A. have bought       B. have had            C. bought          D. had【答案】B【解析】“for three years”为现在完成时时间状语的标志，前文的“buy”不能与带有段时间时间状语的“现在完成时”连用，需要改为“had”的形式。13.（2020 河北）I’m so glad that I nearly ______half of the test now.A. finish             B. finished               C. will finish           D. have finished【答案】D【解析】考试的动作发生在说话之前，同时强调动作的效果，用现在完成时。14.（2020 湖南长沙）--- What happened to Mrs. Smart?---She cut herself while she______ lunch.A. prepares         B. is preparing         C. was preparing【答案】C【解析】问话时动作已经发生过了，一般过去时，第二while后强调“过去正在发生”用过去进行时。15.（2020 湖南长沙）The film My People, My Country, which amazed lots of movie-goers, ______to the top of the Chinese box office last Monday.A. jump              B. jumped               C. jumps              D. was finished【答案】B【解析】“last Monday”为一般过去时时间状语标志。16.（2020 江苏南京）Now waste from daily life in the city of Shanghai ______ to be separated into four different groups.A. is requiring       B. is required         C. was required            D. required【答案】A【解析】“waste”不可名词作第三人称单数， 废弃物“被要求”分装。17.（2020 内蒙古包头）Corn production ______ nearly 125 percent over the past 25 years in China.A. jumped           B. jumps            C. will jump              D. has jumped【答案】D【解析】“over the past 25 years”现在完成时时间标志。18.（2020 天津）---What a nice watch! How long ______you______ it?---For just two weeks.A. will; buy        B. have; had            C. were; having           D. did; buy【答案】B【解析】“For just two weeks”现在完成时的时间标志，同时考查事时间状语的现在时的“延续性动作”的表达。19.（2021 安徽）---Our computer is working again!---Yes. Our IT teacher ________ it. It took him about an hour.A. has fixed B. will fix C. is fixing D. was fixing【答案】A【解析】根据“Our computer is working again”可知，强调过去已完成的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时have/has done的结构，故选A。20. ( 2021北京) ---Peter, what are you doing?---Oh, I ________ a report about national heroes.A. will write B. am writing C. wrote D. have written【答案】B【解析】根据“what are you doing”可知，此处强调动作正在发生，使用现在进行时，故选B。21. ( 2021北京)  My parents and I ________ trees last Sunday.A. plant B. will plant C. are planting D. planted【答案】D【解析】根据“last Sunday”可知，时态是一般过去时，故选D。22. ( 2021北京) Mr. Smith ________ Chinese for two years.  He’s much better at it now.A. learns B. was learning C. has learned D. will learn【答案】C【解析】根据“for two years”可知，强调时间的延续，用现在完成时，故选C。23.（2021 河池）Mrs. Green will take her son to the amusement park if she ________ the tickets.A. got B. gets C. is getting D. will get【答案】B【解析】if引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，从句用一般现在时，主语she是第三人称，动词用三单形式，故选B。24.（2021 海南）---Jerry can you give me a hand?---Just a minute, I ________ an e-mail.A. have sent B. am sending C. was sending【答案】B【解析】根据“Just a minute...”可知Jerry请求帮助，说话时正在进行的动作，用现在进行时。故选B。25.（2021 海南）The play Teahouse ________ by the famous Chinese writer Lao She.A. wrote B. was writing C. was written【答案】C【解析】根据主语“The play Teahouse”及“by the famous Chinese writer Lao She”可知表达被动含义，用一般过去时的被动形式“was written”。故选C。26.（2021 绥化）He said that he ________ to Beijing the next month.A. travel B. would travel C. travels【答案】B【解析】此句是宾语从句，根据“said”“next month”及“主过从必过”可知，从句要用过去将来时，结构为would+动词原形，故选B。27.（2021 连云港）David Attenborough ________ 40 documentaries over the past 67 years. A Life on Our Planet is his latest work.A. makes B. made C. has made D. is making【答案】C【解析】根据“over the past 67 years”可知，句子应用现在完成时，结构是has/have+done，故选C28.（2021 南通）---Miss Zhang seems quite familiar with Yunnan Province.---Don't you know? She ________ a town school there as a volunteer teacher for over 2 years.A. is in B. has gone to C. has been in D. has been to【答案】C【解析】根据“ for over 2 years.”可知，用现在完成时，故排除A；has gone to去了某地（未回来）；has been in在某地（多长时间）；has been to去过某地（已回来）。根据语境可知，此处指她在当地一所学校呆了两年多，用has been in最合适。故选C。29.（2021 大连）Lingling met her favourite presenter while she ________ the radio station.A. visits B. will visit C. is visiting D. was visiting【答案】D【解析】根据“met”可知，从句也用过去的时态，排除A/B/C选项，此处表达的是过去正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空 ( 2021北京) The Picture of PeaceWhen Mike was seven, he knew his dream was to be a photographer.  He kept working on it for years. Recently, he was trying to take a picture of a sunset(日落) to enter the school _____13_____ competition. “Mom, it has been cloudy these days.  I don’t think I can get this picture!” Mike complained. “Why not use one of your photos on the computer?” suggested Mom. “I can’t—the rules say the photos have to be taken with a traditional camera. We hand in a roll of film, it gets developed(冲洗胶卷) , and we _____14_____ one photo for the competition. ”“Why is a sunset so important? ” Mom asked. “The _____15_____ of the competition is peace,” Mike explained, “and I feel most peaceful seeing a sunset.” Zach, his six-year-old brother came out of the bedroom. “Hey, you want to take a picture of me? Look! ” He put both arms over his head. “Not right now,” said Mike, laughing. That very afternoon, Mike felt excited when he saw clear skies. He carefully lined up his shot(镜头) and waited _____16_____ till the sun reached the ground. “That’s it! Perfect!” he shouted cheerfully. The next morning, Mike noticed he could take one more picture to complete the roll of film, so he walked into Zach’s room. Zach was _____17_____ quietly with a teddy bear under his arm. Mike didn’t wake Zach up, and carefully took a picture of him. A week later, Mike got the photos. The sunset picture was the one he was most _____18_____ to see. There it was! It was as nearly perfect as Mike had expected. Then, he looked through the other photos. Suddenly, he stopped. His eyebrows(眉毛) rose as he  _____19_____ the photo of Zach. He looked back at the photo of the sunset, which seemed less perfect now. He  _____20_____ the two choices. Finally, he decided to hand in the photo of Zach for the competition.13. A. violin B. tennis C. photo D. chess14. A. choose B. collect C. describe D. design15. A. prize B. topic C. result D. purpose16. A. politely B. bravely C. hopefully D. secretly17. A. playing B. reading C. writing D. sleeping18. A. afraid B. eager C. surprised D. confused19. A. studied B. shared C. copied D. fixed20. A. changed B. offered C. accepted D. weighed【答案】13. C    14. A    15. B    16. C    17. D    18. B    19. A    20. D【解析】13. C .violin小提琴；tennis网球；photo照片；chess象棋。根据“Recently, he was trying to take a picture of a sunset(日落)...”可知拍摄照片是为了参加摄影比赛。 14. A .根据“...for the competition. ”可知此处指选一张照片参加比赛。15. B .根据“The ...of the competition is peace”可知此处介绍比赛的主题，摄影比赛通常都有一个主题。16. C.根据“Mom, it has been cloudy these days. I don’t think I can get this picture!”可知Mike期待很多天晴天，终于等到了，所以抱有希望地等着。17. D.根据“Mike didn’t wake Zach up, and carefully took a picture of him.”可知Zach在睡觉。故选D。18. B .根据“Recently, he was trying to take a picture of a sunset(日落) to enter the school photo competition.”可知Mike想用日落的照片参赛，所以渴望看到日落的照片。 19. A.根据“ He looked back at the photo of the sunset, which seemed less perfect now. ”可知他对比了两张照片，认真地研究下。 20. D.根据“Finally, he decided to hand in the photo of Zach for the competition.”可知最终Mike选择Zach的照片参赛，因此是经过仔细权衡的。 Ⅲ.阅读理解 （2021 深圳）Can plants talk? Modern research has found something amazing: they do communicate with each other. It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other. This happens when a plant gets attacked by insects. The plant gives out chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten. This is like a warning, or a call for help: “I’m being attacked!” When another plant gets the chemicals, it starts to give out its own, different chemicals. Some of these chemicals drive insects away. Others attract the wasps（黄蜂; 蜜蜂）! The wasps kill the insects that are eating the plants. Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system, so that we can use it to grow more crops. More surprisingly, plants also use sound to communicate. People can’t hear these sounds; but plants are making them. Some plants make noises with their roots. Com and chili plants do this. Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water. Most surprisingly of all, plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest. Scientists call this system the “wood wide web” . The wood wide web is linked underground by fungi（霉菌）. It links the roots of different plants to each other. It is in some ways similar to the Internet we use. Using the wood wide web, plants can share information and even food with each other. However, it may lead to bad effects. Plants may use it to steal food from each other, or spread chemicals to attack other plants. Perhaps one day scientists will learn how to create a “firewall” to help prevent these attacks within the wood wide web. Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other. Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to “talk” with them ourselves.21. What will plants do when they are attacked by insects?A. They will kill the insects by themselves.B. They will control the wasps to kill the insects.C. They will send out signals to ask for help.D. They will produce chemicals as a warning or a call for help.22. How are the wood wide web linked by fungi?A. By making noises with their roots.B. By connecting the roots of different plants to each other.C. By sharing food and information with each other.D. By spreading chemicals to each other.23. What is the writer’s intention of the last paragraph?A. To give people hope for further studies.B. To praise scientists for their great achievements.C. To call on people to protect the plants on Earth.D. To inspire people to communicate with plants.24. What is the structure of the passage?A.  B. C.  D. 25. Which is the best title for the passage?A. The Secret Language of PlantsB. The Study about the Plant Warning SystemC. The Plants that Give WarningsD. Why Scientists Do Research about Plants【答案】21. D    22. B    23. A    24. B    25. A【解析】21. D.根据“This happens when a plant gets atacked by insects. The plant gives out chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten. This is like a warning, or a call for help: “I’m being attacked!””当植物受到昆虫攻击时就会发生这种情况。植物从正在被吃掉的叶子中释放出化学物质。这就像是警告，或者求救:“我被攻击了!”可知，当植物受到昆虫攻击时，它们会产生化学物质作为警告或求助信号。22. B.根据“The wood wide web is linked underground by fungi（霉菌）. It links the roots of different plants to each other.”可知，真菌是通过相互连接不同植物的根来连接“the wood wide web”的。23. A.根据最后一段的信息“Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other. Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to “talk” with them ourselves.”科学家们每天都在更多地了解植物之间的秘密交流方式。也许有一天，我们会对植物的交流有足够的了解，从而能够自己与它们“交谈”。可推知作者是想给人们进一步研究的希望A。 24. B.通读全文可知，本文第一段主要介绍了植物会说话和交流，第二、三、四段分述了植物主要通过哪几种方式进行交流，第五段又进行了总述给人们对植物进一步研究的希望；因此本文是采用总—分—总的结构来写的。 25. A.通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了研究发现植物会通过化学物质，声音和真菌彼此交流，结合选项，可知A选项“植物的秘密语言”符合题意。 Ⅳ.阅读回答问题 （2021 安徽）Once, there lived a wise man. His son, however, had no goal (目标) in life and wasn’t happy. As the years passed, the man was more and more worried. One day, he handed his son a map and said, “I want you to go and find a treasure.”The son set out eagerly (急切地). He travelled really far, across forests and mountains. Finally, he reached the place and began to dig. He dug and dug, but nothing was found. Tired and sad, he decided to go back home.On his way back, he noticed dancing birds and beautiful flowers. He met happy farmers in the fields. He found everything nice!He got home, and his father asked, “How was your journey to the pace? Did you enjoy it?” “Of course not! I was worried that someone else would find the treasure before I did. But I really enjoyed the journey back home and forgot the pain of not finding the treasure.” The son continued to tell his father what he noticed on his way back.“Nice things are always there,” the father smiled. “My son, I want you to have a goal. If you don’t have a goal, you won’t set out. But if the goal is the only thing in your mind, you’ll miss something nice and won’t be happy. So remember: It’s important to have a goal in life and enjoy the journey as well”.53. Why did the man worry about his son? (不超过10个词)__________________________54. What did the son think of everything on his way back? (不超过5个词)__________________________55. What did the man want his son to remember? (不超过15个词)__________________________【答案】53. Because he had no goal in life and wasn’t happy.    54. He thought/found everything was nice.    55. It’s important to have a goal in life and enjoy the journey as well.【解析】53.根据“His son, however, had no goal (目标) in life and wasn’t happy. As the years passed, the man was more and more worried.”可知，智者的儿子没有人生目标，并不快乐，所以他很担心。故填Because he had no goal in life and wasn’t happy.54.根据“On his way back, he noticed dancing birds and beautiful flowers. He met happy farmers in the fields. He found everything nice!”可知，在回来的路上，儿子觉得一切都很好。故填He thought/found everything was nice.55.根据“So remember: It’s important to have a goal in life and enjoy the journey as well”可知，智者想让儿子记住：生活中有一个目标很重要，同时也要享受这个过程。故填It’s important to have a goal in life and enjoy the journey as well. Ⅴ.书面表达 现在全世界都在倡导“低碳生活”(low-carbon life)，即：降低二氧化碳的排放，采取低能量、低消耗、低开支的生活方式。低碳生活对我们大家都有好处，请你写一篇短文向一家英文报社投稿。内容包括：你的具体做法、你的感受以及建议。提示词语：be good for, everyone, ride a bike, think, make a difference, environment, suggest, reuse【答案】Low-carbon life is good for everyone.To help with the environment, I always walk or ride a bike to school instead of taking a car. Besides, I will try to use things that can be recycled and I never forget to turn off the lights when I leave the classroom. I think it’s my duty to live a low-carbon life. And even the simplest activities can make a real difference to the environment. So I suggest we should reuse books as long as possible. And we’d better not spend much money on expensive clothes. If everyone does something for the environment, I believe the earth will be a better place.