2017-2021年上海中考英语真题分类汇编之语篇填空（含答案）

这是一份2017-2021年上海中考英语真题分类汇编之语篇填空（含答案），共32页。
2017-2021年上海中考英语真题分类汇编之语篇填空
一．语篇填空（共14小题）
1．（2021•上海）
A.create B.product C.responsible D.influence E.unforgettable
Emily and I are twins.We love cooking healthy food together!Our parents have always
cooked at home.They really（1） us a lot.
Working as sisters is interesting，as we have been through a large number of （2） experiences.However，sometimes we'd like more space of our own in the kitchen.We try to be fair.If one person manages to （3） a dish，the other person will write the process and take photos.Then we'll change jobs next time.
Our dishes are so popular that we have been invited to be （4） for the Food and Health section in our school newspaper.

2．（2021•上海）
A.needs B.exactly C.efforts D.excuses E.especially
Sometimes not everything works out perfectly ﹣ and that's OK!For example，we don't know （1） what the readers want，so it's quite hard to choose a widely accepted picture of the food.But we try our best to meet their （2） .We discuss the work and help each other to improve.That's the best part about working together.We have been awarded "Best Campus Cook" several times for our（3） .
We love making new dishes，taking pictures，and then posting them on our school newspaper.It's always good to try new things ﹣﹣ （4） with food!When you eat healthily，it makes you feel better，and it can be twice as delicious.
3．（2021•上海）It's 5：00 a.m.!A morning call wakes up Marco.He doesn't get up so （1）e at home in Los Angeles.Well，maybe to eat breakfast once in a while but never to herd （放牧） cows and sheep!But Marco isn't at home.He is in Africa，on the grasslands of Kenya （肯尼亚）.He is living with the herdsmen.
"Life is very different in Kenya.People live a （2）p life here on the grasslands.They can't afford TVs，cars or mobile phones.They make a living mainly by herding cows and sheep，" Marco says.
Marco's trip to Africa isn't a （3）h .It's part of the school project for biology course at Sunshine School.The school hopes the students will have more life experiences.They have never been to Africa.Kenya is a country which is （4）c new to the students from Los Angeles.When the students get there，they put on local clothing.Boys herd cows.Girls collect firewood and water.Families depend on their cows.As a result，the herdsmen and the students have to （5）m from one area to another so that the cows have more grass to eat.
Now in Los Angeles，Kenya is on the minds of the students at Sunshine School all year.Disasters have killed many cows in Kenya，so the students decide to raise money to （6）b cows for the local people.Each cow costs about ＄100. "One cow means more to the health of a family than money， "says Marco. "Here we are rally giving life.A cow will give a kid milk every day."
The school wants to give the students a different way of thinking.Helping the herdsmen in Kenya is just the first （7）s .Next，the students will try to discover ways to give a hand to those in Los Angeles who need help.
4．（2020•上海）
A．result B．collection C．necessary D．location E．connected
In the beginning，the school was asked to close and the buildings would have to be sold off，as the school is in a very good（1） ． But parents and teachers worked together to protect the school and now they are pleased to see the（2）
"This school is an important part of the community and it's （3） that it should continue，" said one parent，adding， "It is also amazing that the children have had a say in the building process．This gives them the feeling that they are more closely（4） with the school．I really think the school will develop with success．"
5．（2020•上海）"Meatballs again？I hate meatballs!" Henry cried loudly． "I'm not eating this!" Henry's mum and dad looked at each other．This was the second time this week that Henry had （1）c about his dinner．
"We're going to let you take over dinnertime．You can pick the food and cook your meals，'Mum said．
"Good．We're going to eat good food every night!" Henry answered．
The next day，Henry sat down to write the meal （2）p "We're going to have chicken tonight，and noodles tomorrow，" Henry said．
"Are we going to have anything （3）e besides chicken？We need to have at least one vegetable for each meal，"，said Mum．
"We can have cabbage，"Henry said．
After he finished shopping，it was time to make his （4）f meal．He believed that this would be his favourite meal．Since he had never cooked，his parents were both there to help him． "There's a lot to do，"Henry thought，as he looked at the mess in the kitchen．He was usually playing games outside while his parents were making dinner．
It took almost two hours to cook．When dinner was finally finished，Henry was tired and（5）h ．But he was so excited﹣he made dinner!
"I don't like cabbage，" cried Sophia，Henry's little sister，at the table．Henry felt quite upset．He had worked so hard on dinner，but it was（6）i to get everyone happy about every part of every meal!
"I'm sorry．I didn't know this could be so hard，" Henry felt like he might cry．He began to（7）r how his parents felt every time at the dinner table．
"It's OK，Henry．You worked really hard．We' ll take back dinner responsibilities．You'll have to do it enough when you're grown up，"Dad said．
Henry felt released．He happily finished his dinner and never got angry at dinner table again．
6．（2020•上海）
A．widely B．rebuild C．certainly D．receive E．express
A middle school had major problems with some of its buildings．Susan，the head teacher， invited students to share their ideas about how to（1） the school．"We wanted our students to decide what kind of school buildings they like．We wanted them to think of ideas to （2） their own interests and hopes，" she said．The news spread（3） after it was reported by a local newspaper．
Students（4） seemed very excited．And some said they couldn't wait for the project to be finally completed at the end of this year．
7．（2019•上海）
A．modern B．manage C．delicious D．control E．compare
Technology plays an important part in our daily life now．Yet not many of us will realize how much we rely on it until we（1） our lives to those in the past．There was no（2） technology at that time，yet the items that people had were quite enough for them to live their lives．
Without necessary cooking tools，the people could still（3） to make their food as nice as our food today．Animal parts were thrown away if they were not（4） Others were cooked over the fire．However，everything they used was taken from the forests around them．
8．（2019•上海）
A．seldom B．methods C．nowadays D．oceans E．almost
Without the television set，the radio and more importantly，the computer，we will（1） have any fun in our homes today．However，the people in the past had their own clever（2） of enjoying themselves．For example，they made music without the use of computers but with tools made from wood and animal skin．
Travel was simple at that time．Most of the people were excellent boat makers and they could make boats in a variety of shapes and sizes for travelling along the rivers and in the（3） ．With increased skills and experience，the people learnt how to make the boats stronger against rains and storms．
Some things are basic for us（4） ，but the people in the past could live the lives to the full even without them．We should not look down on the wisdom of people long ago．
9．（2019•上海）Paul was my little brother，and he was special．He was different from me because he sat in a wheelchair，and he was blind．Lots of times when we walked with Paul，other kids came over and asked us why he was in his chair and why he couldn't s（1） ．They thought he was different because he had his own school bus and had to go to a special school．But that's not really the reason．Paul was different for the things just our family knew about，only we knew the s（2） that made him special．
Paul helped me hear small sounds．Every time I was with him，I'd have to be q（3） to hear the flying birds and the talking trees he heard．
Paul helped me exercise．When we went for a walk，we'd often go uphill．When I pushed his chair all the way to the woods at the t（4） ，I was really getting my exercise!
Paul h（5） ever complained．He went along with whatever the rest of us wanted to do．One time when he had a fever，he got uncomfortable，but he never shouted or fought or asked me to switch the TV channel．
Sometimes Paul let me put things in his hand．We played a kind of guessing game．I put different toys there for him to f（6） ．He was always surprised when I let him hold something new．
Paul was my friend．He couldn't talk to me like most of my friends，and he couldn't run outside to play．But he wast here for all the peaceful times，and he had the best smile in the world．
I was l（7） to grow up with him as his sister．He helped me to realize that there is a good side to every situation，if we simply make the choice to find it．

10．（2018•上海）
A． downstairs B． discovered C． answered D． invitation E． advantage
Everything went black! All the lights in our flat turned off， including the TV． Mum took out the candles and Dad went to see what was going on． One（1） of living in a tall building is that you always have help nearby． So I went to our next﹣door neighbour， Mr．Smith． With a candle in his hand， Mr． Smith（2） the door． Uh﹣oh! He didn't have lights， either． I（3） that all the buildings in our neighbourhood were dark． Our neighbours went （4） and began chatting outside． They were not worried at all．
11．（2018•上海）
A． event B． cause C． correctly D． frightening E． suddenly
Then we heard a （1） sound after a bright flash of lightning．
It started to rain heavily in no time． In order to get some information， Mr． Smith turned on the battery﹣powered radio． The weatherman said that the storm was the（2） of all the problems． It hit a tower at the power station before the first flash of lightning． That was the reason why the lights（3） went out before the rain came． Finally， the lights came back． We cheered loudly． The （4） made it possible for the neighbours to have a chance to be together．

12．（2018•上海）"Olyvia，love is simple．You don't have to do much to make someone happy． "That was what my mother said to me when I was a child．Over a year ago，I had a chance．My good friend Kaylee told me about her （1）t to a small town called Gary，and how it was a life﹣changing experience．I made up my mind to go there myself．
When I told my parents about the decision，they didn't （2）a at first．They said I didn't know much about the place．They were worried that it was not （3）s for me to go there．Thankfully，after I explained my plan to them in detail，they said yes．
When our group arrived in Gary，I noticed how different the town was from where I lived．There were few stores or restaurants in the town；most had closed．So you would be very （4）l if you could find a place to buy food or drinks．Houses were built on small hills．Many of them had broken doors or windows．My job was to help the local people to （5）r houses．The work days were long and hot，but it was really good to see the houses taking on a new look day by day．
The children there were also different．They seemed to enjoy every moment in life though they were poor．The smallest things would make these kids happy．I couldn't find words to describe their （6）j when they received an ice﹣cream，a ball or even a kiss．The community was like a big family．Everyone knew each other and was there when someone needed help．
I am so glad that I had this unforgettable experience．I truly learned the （7）m of what my mother said．You don't need to do much to make a difference to other's lives．
13．（2017•上海）Complete the following passage with the words in the box．Each can be used only once（将下列单词填入空格．每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）（共8分）

Nowadays more and more people prefer to go fishing or hiking in the woods．Experiencing nature is （46） ，but when you're doing this，always keep yourself safe．It's important to remember several basic rules if you don't want to turn a pleasant outing into a（47） ．
First，be fully prepared for different weather．Before you set out，always get warm clothes and raincoats ready，just in case!This is especially true in the （48） of travelling in the mountain areas．The weather is really （49） in high mountains．Sometimes you can experience two or three seasons in one day．

Second，（50） a map，a compass，and a flashlight in your bag．Even experienced travelers get lost．Before you start your trip，study the map to get familiar with the area you are going to．The flashlight is important if you do get lost．Many trips that start out in daylight will （51） become nighttime adventures when people can't find their way．
Third，bring a first﹣aid kit and know how to use it．Small cuts can be more serious when there is no doctor（52） ．
Finally，tell people where you are going and when you plan to come back．That way，someone will go search for you if troubles（53） ．This will increase your chance of being found quickly．
14．（2017•上海）
A Delicious Meal
Tony is Chinese American．His family members gather together and serve a traditional Chinese meal once a week．Last week Tony i（81） his friend Amy for it．
Tony's family was preparing dinner when Amy arrived．The family was cooking vegetables with hot oil．The k（82） was filled with many good smells．"You can help me set the table．"Tony told his friend．They gave each person a pair of chopsticks，a soup bowl，a soup spoon，and a rice bowl on a plate．
"Where are the forks and knives？"Amy asked．
"Oh，you won't n（83） those．"Tony explained．"I will show you how to use chopsticks．Don't worry．"
Tony's mother put different foods on big plates that Amy was not familiar with．She asked the kids to carry the food﹣filled plates out to the table．Amy carried roast duck．It was one of the f（84） dishes she recognized．
Amy was a little nervous about eating with chopsticks．Tony gave her instructions on how to do it．Amy finally managed to hold the chopsticks．Just when she picked up a piece of chicken with her chopsticks，her fingers s（85） lost control，and the chicken flew across the table.．It landed in Tony's soup with a splash（飞溅）．E（86） at the table smiled．
Tony's father kindly brought out a fork and knife．He handed them to Amy．Amy felt more c（87） ．She ate the rest of her dinner easily．It was delicious!
At the end of the meal，Amy was given a fortune cookie（签语饼干）．She opened it and read the small note inside，"If you practice hard，you will learn many things．"Amy laughed and said，"if you let me take home a pair of chopsticks，my fortune may come true!


2017-2021年上海中考英语真题分类汇编之语篇填空.doc
参考答案与试题解析
一．语篇填空（共14小题）
1．（2021•上海）
A.create B.product C.responsible D.influence E.unforgettable
Emily and I are twins.We love cooking healthy food together!Our parents have always
cooked at home.They really（1） D us a lot.
Working as sisters is interesting，as we have been through a large number of （2） E experiences.However，sometimes we'd like more space of our own in the kitchen.We try to be fair.If one person manages to （3） A a dish，the other person will write the process and take photos.Then we'll change jobs next time.
Our dishes are so popular that we have been invited to be （4） C for the Food and Health section in our school newspaper.

【考点】选词填空．
【分析】文章讲述了作者和她的双胞胎姐姐喜欢一起烹饪健康的食物，并被邀请为她们校报的食品和健康板块创作。
【解答】（1）D 考查动词。根据They really...us a lot.结合语境，可知是指：它们真的影响了我们很多。故填D。
（2）E 考查形容词。根据we have been through a large number of...experiences，可知是指：我们已经经历了许多难忘的经历。故填E。
（3）A 考查动词。根据If one person manages to...a dish，the other person will write the process and take photos，可知是指：如果一个人成功地创造了一道菜，另一个人将写下制作过程并拍照。故填A。
（4）C 考查形容词。根据Our dishes are so popular that we have been invited to be...for the Food and Health section in our school newspaper.可知是指：我们的菜很受欢迎，所以我们被邀请负责我们校报的食品和健康板块。be responsible for对……负责。故填C。
【点评】选择词语时，在考虑文章大意的前提下，应该注意文章及句子所用的时态，以及所填写的词在句子中的位置。通过这些判断，适当改变词汇形式，以符合题目要求。
2．（2021•上海）
A.needs B.exactly C.efforts D.excuses E.especially
Sometimes not everything works out perfectly ﹣ and that's OK!For example，we don't know （1） B what the readers want，so it's quite hard to choose a widely accepted picture of the food.But we try our best to meet their （2） A .We discuss the work and help each other to improve.That's the best part about working together.We have been awarded "Best Campus Cook" several times for our（3） C .
We love making new dishes，taking pictures，and then posting them on our school newspaper.It's always good to try new things ﹣﹣ （4） E with food!When you eat healthily，it makes you feel better，and it can be twice as delicious.
【考点】选词填空．
【分析】文章介绍了双胞胎姐妹热衷于制作美食，并拍照贴在校报上。由于她们的努力，多次被授予"最佳校园厨师"。
【解答】（1）B 考查副词。根据we don't know...what the readers want，可知是指：我们不知道读者到底想要什么，故选B。
（2）A 考查名词。根据But we try our best to meet their...，结合前文"我们不知道读者到底想要什么"，可知此处是指：但是我们尽力满足他们的需求，故选A。
（3）C 考查名词。根据We have been awarded "Best Campus Cook" several times for our efforts.可知是指：由于我们的努力，我们多次被授予"最佳校园厨师"，故选C。
（4）E 考查副词。根据It's always good to try new things ﹣﹣...with food!When you eat healthily，可知是指：尝试新事物总是好的——尤其是食物!当你吃得健康。故选E。
【点评】选择词语时，在考虑文章大意的前提下，应该注意文章及句子所用的时态，以及所填写的词在句子中的位置。通过这些判断，适当改变词汇形式，以符合题目要求。
3．（2021•上海）It's 5：00 a.m.!A morning call wakes up Marco.He doesn't get up so （1）e arly at home in Los Angeles.Well，maybe to eat breakfast once in a while but never to herd （放牧） cows and sheep!But Marco isn't at home.He is in Africa，on the grasslands of Kenya （肯尼亚）.He is living with the herdsmen.
"Life is very different in Kenya.People live a （2）p oor life here on the grasslands.They can't afford TVs，cars or mobile phones.They make a living mainly by herding cows and sheep，" Marco says.
Marco's trip to Africa isn't a （3）h oliday .It's part of the school project for biology course at Sunshine School.The school hopes the students will have more life experiences.They have never been to Africa.Kenya is a country which is （4）c ompletely new to the students from Los Angeles.When the students get there，they put on local clothing.Boys herd cows.Girls collect firewood and water.Families depend on their cows.As a result，the herdsmen and the students have to （5）m ove from one area to another so that the cows have more grass to eat.
Now in Los Angeles，Kenya is on the minds of the students at Sunshine School all year.Disasters have killed many cows in Kenya，so the students decide to raise money to （6）b uy cows for the local people.Each cow costs about ＄100. "One cow means more to the health of a family than money， "says Marco. "Here we are rally giving life.A cow will give a kid milk every day."
The school wants to give the students a different way of thinking.Helping the herdsmen in Kenya is just the first （7）s tep .Next，the students will try to discover ways to give a hand to those in Los Angeles who need help.
【考点】首字母阅读填空．
【分析】本文以美国学生Marco在肯尼亚的经历为主，讲述了美国学生对肯尼亚的见闻和帮助。
【解答】（1）early.考查副词。根据句中get up"起床"，结合首字母，可知是early"早"，句意：他在洛杉矶的家里没有起过如此早。故填early。
（2）poor.考查形容词。根据下文They can't afford TVs，cars or mobile phones"他们买不起电视、汽车和手机"，结合首字母，可知是poor"贫穷的"。句意：这里牧场上的人们过着贫穷的生活。故填poor。
（3）holiday.考查名词。根据下文It's part of the school project for biology course"它是学校生物课项目的一部分"，句中有trip对应，结合首字母，可知是holiday"假期"，句意：Marco来非洲的旅程并非是度假。故填holiday。
（4）completely.考查副词。根据上文They have never been to Africa"他们从未来过非洲"，可知肯尼亚对他们来说是一个全新的国家，本句中的new是形容词，结合首字母，可知是completely"完全地"。故填completely。
（5）move.考查动词。根据下文so that the cows have more grass to eat"为了奶牛有更多的草吃"，结合首字母，可知是move"搬家"，move from one area to another"从一个地方搬到另一个"。故填move。
（6）buy.考查动词。根据下文中Each cow costs about ＄100"每只奶牛花费大约100美元"，结合句意，灾难已经使肯尼亚的许多头奶牛死亡，所以这些学生们决定筹钱来给当地的人们买"buy"奶牛。故填buy。
（7）step.考查名词。根据下文中的Next"接下来"，以及本句中的just the first…"仅仅是第一…"，结合首字母，可知是step"步；阶段"，句意：帮助肯尼亚的牧民只是第一阶段。故填step。
【点评】做首字母填词题，首先通读全文，理解文章大意，然后结合上下文，根据句意及首字母判断所填单词，并注意词语的正确形式，完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
4．（2020•上海）
A．result B．collection C．necessary D．location E．connected
In the beginning，the school was asked to close and the buildings would have to be sold off，as the school is in a very good（1） D ． But parents and teachers worked together to protect the school and now they are pleased to see the（2） A
"This school is an important part of the community and it's （3） C that it should continue，" said one parent，adding， "It is also amazing that the children have had a say in the building process．This gives them the feeling that they are more closely（4） E with the school．I really think the school will develop with success．"
【考点】选词填空．
【分析】本文讲述了一个学校在很好的位置上被迫要关闭，家长和老师们努力一起保护学校，让它可以继续下去．
【解答】（1）D．考查名词．good是形容词，后接名词作宾语，根据句意，此空表示"学校在非常好的位置"，故选D．
（2）A．考查名词，the是定冠词，后接名词．根据But parents and teachers worked together to protect the school及所给选词，可知，家长和老师们一起努力保护学校，所以他们很高兴看到这个结果，故选A．
（3）C．考查形容词，is是be动词，后接形容词作表语．根据This school is an important part of the community ，可知，学校是社区一个重要的部分，所以它很有必要继续下去，故答案为necessary．
（4）E．考查动词，closely是副词，修饰动词或形容词．根据句意，此空表示"学生们与这个学校是更紧密地连接在一起"，connect with"与……连接一起"，故选E．
【点评】选词填空题考查学生对备选词的掌握及对语法的运用能力．做题时要根据句子结构确定句中所缺词的词性，然后结合句意及备选词即可得出答案．
5．（2020•上海）"Meatballs again？I hate meatballs!" Henry cried loudly． "I'm not eating this!" Henry's mum and dad looked at each other．This was the second time this week that Henry had （1）c omplained about his dinner．
"We're going to let you take over dinnertime．You can pick the food and cook your meals，'Mum said．
"Good．We're going to eat good food every night!" Henry answered．
The next day，Henry sat down to write the meal （2）p lan "We're going to have chicken tonight，and noodles tomorrow，" Henry said．
"Are we going to have anything （3）e lse besides chicken？We need to have at least one vegetable for each meal，"，said Mum．
"We can have cabbage，"Henry said．
After he finished shopping，it was time to make his （4）f irst meal．He believed that this would be his favourite meal．Since he had never cooked，his parents were both there to help him． "There's a lot to do，"Henry thought，as he looked at the mess in the kitchen．He was usually playing games outside while his parents were making dinner．
It took almost two hours to cook．When dinner was finally finished，Henry was tired and（5）h ungry ．But he was so excited﹣he made dinner!
"I don't like cabbage，" cried Sophia，Henry's little sister，at the table．Henry felt quite upset．He had worked so hard on dinner，but it was（6）i mpossible to get everyone happy about every part of every meal!
"I'm sorry．I didn't know this could be so hard，" Henry felt like he might cry．He began to（7）r ealize how his parents felt every time at the dinner table．
"It's OK，Henry．You worked really hard．We' ll take back dinner responsibilities．You'll have to do it enough when you're grown up，"Dad said．
Henry felt released．He happily finished his dinner and never got angry at dinner table again．
【考点】首字母阅读填空．
【分析】文章主要讲了Herry因为对晚饭吃的食物不满而爸妈提议让他自己以后晚饭做饭，第二天Herry按照计划好的菜单计划去购物，然后做饭，花了整整两个小时，最后他的妹妹说不喜欢卷心菜，他才意识到做大家满意的晚饭很难，并意识到了每次父母在餐桌上的感受，最后得到了父母的理解后就释怀了，很开心地吃完晚饭并以后再也不会在餐桌上生气了．
【解答】（1）complained．考查动词．根据前文"Meatballs again？I hate meatballs!" Henry cried loudly． "I'm not eating this!" 可知他不喜欢肉丸吃．可知他对晚饭不满，结合空缺处，以c开头，可知需要填入一个动词，表示"抱怨"，用complain．结合时态是一般过去时，所以动词要用过去式，用complained．故答案为complained．
（2）plan．考查名词．根据句意，第二天，Herry坐下来写了晚饭__．"我们今天打算吃鸡肉，明天吃面条"．结合空缺处，以开p头，可知需要填入一个名词，表示"计划"，用plan．这里指的是一个计划，用名词单数plan．故答案为plan．
（3）else．考查形容词．根据句意，除了鸡肉我们需要吃__东西吗？我们至少每餐需要一种蔬菜．结合空缺处，以e开头，可知需要填入一个形容词，表示"其他的"，用else．故答案为else．
（4）first．考查序数词．根据句意，在他购物完之后，到了做他__饭的时候了．他相信这次会是他最喜欢的饭．结合空缺处，以f开头，可知需要填入一个序数词，表示"第一次"，用first．故答案为first．
（5）hungry．考查形容词．根据句意，当晚饭终于完成了，Herry又累又__，但是他是如此的兴奋，他做了晚饭啦！结合空缺处，以h开头，可知需要填入一个形容词，表示"饥饿的"，用hungry．故答案为hungry．
（6）impossible．考查形容词．根据句意，他对晚饭如此努力做着，但是__让每一顿饭的每一个部分都让每个人开心．结合空缺处，以i开头，可知需要填入一个形容词，表示"不可能的"，用impossible．故答案为impossible．
（7）realize．考查动词．根据句意，他都快哭了，他开始__每次他父母在餐桌旁是怎么样的感受．结合空缺处，以r开头，可知需要填入一个动词，表示""意识到，用realize．结合固定搭配begin to do sth表示"开始做某事"，所以用动词原形，用realize．故答案为realize．
【点评】题目要求根据首字母提示填写适当的单词补全短文，考查学生对语境的理解能力及对所学词汇的把握和运用能力．做题时，先把上下文语境或句意与首字母提示结合起来，推出所需单词；然后根据语法知识填写单词的适当形式．
6．（2020•上海）
A．widely B．rebuild C．certainly D．receive E．express
A middle school had major problems with some of its buildings．Susan，the head teacher， invited students to share their ideas about how to（1） B the school．"We wanted our students to decide what kind of school buildings they like．We wanted them to think of ideas to （2） E their own interests and hopes，" she said．The news spread（3） A after it was reported by a local newspaper．
Students（4） C seemed very excited．And some said they couldn't wait for the project to be finally completed at the end of this year．
【考点】选词填空．
【分析】本文讲述了一所中学想重建它的大楼，老师让学生们分享他们对于重建大楼的想法．
【解答】（1）B．考查动词，根据句子结构，此处是一个简略的宾语从句，疑问词how+to do sth．根据We wanted our students to decide what kind of school buildings they like，可知，老师们想让学生决定它们喜欢哪种类型的学校大楼，所以是让他们分享如何重建学校的想法，故选B．
（2）E．考查动词，根据their own interests and hopes，可知，是想让学生们表达自己的兴趣和希望，所以空格处填express．故选E．
（3）A．考查副词，空格处修饰动词spread，用副词．此空表示"消息广泛地传播"．故选A．
（4）C．考查副词，空格处修饰动词seem，用副词．根据seemed very excited及所给选词，可知，学生们似乎非常兴奋，所以空格处填certainly．故选C．
【点评】选词填空题考查学生对备选词的掌握及对语法的运用能力．做题时要根据句子结构确定句中所缺词的词性，然后结合句意及备选词即可得出答案．
7．（2019•上海）
A．modern B．manage C．delicious D．control E．compare
Technology plays an important part in our daily life now．Yet not many of us will realize how much we rely on it until we（1） E our lives to those in the past．There was no（2） A technology at that time，yet the items that people had were quite enough for them to live their lives．
Without necessary cooking tools，the people could still（3） B to make their food as nice as our food today．Animal parts were thrown away if they were not（4） C Others were cooked over the fire．However，everything they used was taken from the forests around them．
【考点】选词填空．
【分析】短文大意：技术在我们的日常生活中起着重要的作用．然而，在我们把生活同以前比较前，没有多少人会意识到我们有多依赖它．那时没有现代的技术，但是人们拥有的物品足以让他们生活．没有必要的烹饪工具，人们仍然可以设法使他们的食物和我们的食物一样美味．如果不好吃的话，动物的一些部分就被扔掉了．其他部分就在火上烹饪．
【解答】1．E 考查动词，根据…our lives to those in the past可知短语compare…to…把……比作……根据上下文用一般现在时，句意：然而，在我们把生活同以前比较前，没有多少人会意识到我们有多依赖它．故选E
2．A 考查形容词，根据There was no…technology 可知填形容词修饰名词，结合选项可知句意：那时没有现代的技术．modern现代的，故选A
3．B 考查动词，根据…to make their food ，结合选项可知句意：人们仍然可以设法使他们的食物和我们的食物一样美味．manage to do sth设法做某事，情态动词could后跟动词原形，故选B
4．C 考查形容词，根据Animal parts were thrown away ，结合选项可知句意：如果不好吃的话，动物的一些部分就被扔掉了．delicious美味的，故选C
【点评】本题题型为选词填空．在选择给定词语时，再考虑文章大意的前提下，还应该注意文章及句子所用的时态，以及所填写的词在句子中的位置．通过这些判断，适当改变词汇形式，以符合题目要求．
8．（2019•上海）
A．seldom B．methods C．nowadays D．oceans E．almost
Without the television set，the radio and more importantly，the computer，we will（1） A have any fun in our homes today．However，the people in the past had their own clever（2） B of enjoying themselves．For example，they made music without the use of computers but with tools made from wood and animal skin．
Travel was simple at that time．Most of the people were excellent boat makers and they could make boats in a variety of shapes and sizes for travelling along the rivers and in the（3） D ．With increased skills and experience，the people learnt how to make the boats stronger against rains and storms．
Some things are basic for us（4） C ，but the people in the past could live the lives to the full even without them．We should not look down on the wisdom of people long ago．
【考点】选词填空．
【分析】大意：过去的人们有他们自己的聪明方法来享受他们的生活．如用木头和动物皮做的工具来制作音乐，制造出各种形状和尺寸的船只，沿着河流和海洋航行．
【解答】1．A 考查副词，根据Without the television set…，we will…have any fun 结合选项可知句意：我们今天在家里很少有乐趣．seldom副词，很少，几乎没有，故选A
2．B 考查名词，根据the people in the past had their own clever…of enjoying themselves可知填名词，结合选项可知句意：过去的人们有他们自己的聪明方法来享受他们的生活．method方法，故选B
3．D 考查名词，根据along the rivers and in the…，结合选项可知句意：们可以制造出各种形状和尺寸的船只，沿着河流和海洋航行．ocean海洋，故选D
4．C 考查副词，根据but the people in the past could live the lives to the full even without them．，结合选项可知句意：现在有些东西对我们来说是基本的．nowadays副词，如今，现在，故选C
【点评】本题题型为选词填空．在选择给定词语时，再考虑文章大意的前提下，还应该注意文章及句子所用的时态，以及所填写的词在句子中的位置．通过这些判断，适当改变词汇形式，以符合题目要求．
9．（2019•上海）Paul was my little brother，and he was special．He was different from me because he sat in a wheelchair，and he was blind．Lots of times when we walked with Paul，other kids came over and asked us why he was in his chair and why he couldn't s（1） ee ．They thought he was different because he had his own school bus and had to go to a special school．But that's not really the reason．Paul was different for the things just our family knew about，only we knew the s（2） ecret（s） that made him special．
Paul helped me hear small sounds．Every time I was with him，I'd have to be q（3） uiet to hear the flying birds and the talking trees he heard．
Paul helped me exercise．When we went for a walk，we'd often go uphill．When I pushed his chair all the way to the woods at the t（4） op ，I was really getting my exercise!
Paul h（5） ardly ever complained．He went along with whatever the rest of us wanted to do．One time when he had a fever，he got uncomfortable，but he never shouted or fought or asked me to switch the TV channel．
Sometimes Paul let me put things in his hand．We played a kind of guessing game．I put different toys there for him to f（6） eel ．He was always surprised when I let him hold something new．
Paul was my friend．He couldn't talk to me like most of my friends，and he couldn't run outside to play．But he wast here for all the peaceful times，and he had the best smile in the world．
I was l（7） ucky to grow up with him as his sister．He helped me to realize that there is a good side to every situation，if we simply make the choice to find it．

【考点】首字母阅读填空．
【分析】本文主要讲述我的小弟弟保罗非常特别以及一些使他特别的秘诀．
【解答】（1）see 考查动词 根据前句He was different from me because he sat in a wheelchair，and he was blind．他和我不同，因为他坐在轮椅上，而且他是盲人．结合后句other kids came over and asked us why he was in his chair and why he couldn't s（1）．其他孩子过来问我们为什么他坐在椅子上，为什么他不能看见，故答案为see．
（2）secret（s） 考查名词 根据上下文可知，保罗不同因为只是我们家人了解的东西，只有我们知道使他特别的秘诀．secret，可数名词，空格前有the，此处可单可复，故答案为secret （s）．
（3）quiet 考查形容词 根据 to hear the flying birds and the talking trees he heard．听到飞鸟和会说话的树．结合常识，可知鸟飞行和树谈话的声音通常是非常小的，此处强调周围的环境必须要非常的安静，故答案为quiet．
（4）top 考查名词 根据前句When we went for a walk，we'd often go uphill．我们去散步时，经常上山．可知后文是When I pushed his chair all the way to the woods at the t（4），I was really getting my exercise!当我把他的椅子推到山顶的树林里时，我真的在锻炼！at the top在山顶上，故答案为top．
（5）hardly 考查副词 根据后文He went along with whatever the rest of us wanted to do．不管我们其他人想做什么，他都同意．可知Paul h（5）ardly ever complained．保罗几乎从不抱怨．故答案为hardly．
（6）feel 考查动词 根据前文 he was blind．他是瞎的．可知I put different toys there for him to f（6）eel．我把不同的玩具放在那里让他感受．空格前有动词不定式to，后用动词原形，故答案为feel．
（7）lucky 考查形容词 根据后句He helped me to realize that there is a good side to every situation，if we simply make the choice to find it．他帮助我认识到，如果我们只是简单地做出选择去找到它，每种情况都有好的一面．可知I was l（7）ucky to grow up with him as his sister．我很幸运能和他一起长大，成为他的妹妹．故答案为lucky．
【点评】词义考查首字母阅读填空，在理解文章意思的基础上，结合语境，仔细分析，便可得出正确答案．
10．（2018•上海）
A． downstairs B． discovered C． answered D． invitation E． advantage
Everything went black! All the lights in our flat turned off， including the TV． Mum took out the candles and Dad went to see what was going on． One（1） E of living in a tall building is that you always have help nearby． So I went to our next﹣door neighbour， Mr．Smith． With a candle in his hand， Mr． Smith（2） C the door． Uh﹣oh! He didn't have lights， either． I（3） B that all the buildings in our neighbourhood were dark． Our neighbours went （4） A and began chatting outside． They were not worried at all．
【考点】选词填空．
【分析】这是一篇日常生活类阅读，主要介绍突然停电了，一切都是黑的，作者询问邻居家是否有电，得到的也是没有电的回复．邻居们都下楼去，大家开始聊天，一点也不担心．
【解答】1．E．考查名词．句意"住在高层建筑中的一个__是你在附近总是有帮助"．根据所给单词，可知，应该是"好处"．由one，可知，用单数advantage．选E．
2．C．考查动词．句意"史密斯先生__门．"．根据所给单词，可知，应该是"应门"．一般过去时态，谓语动词用过去式answered．选C．
3．B．考查动词．句意"我___我们附近的所有建筑都是黑暗的．"．根据所给单词，可知，应该是"发现"．一般过去时态，谓语动词用过去式discovered．选B．
4．A．考查搭配．句意"我们的邻居__开始在外面聊天．"．根据所给单词，可知，go downstairs下楼．固定搭配．选A．
【点评】选词填空，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解．结合语境，根据所给单词，选择合适的词完成答案．
11．（2018•上海）
A． event B． cause C． correctly D． frightening E． suddenly
Then we heard a （1） D sound after a bright flash of lightning．
It started to rain heavily in no time． In order to get some information， Mr． Smith turned on the battery﹣powered radio． The weatherman said that the storm was the（2） B of all the problems． It hit a tower at the power station before the first flash of lightning． That was the reason why the lights（3） E went out before the rain came． Finally， the lights came back． We cheered loudly． The （4） A made it possible for the neighbours to have a chance to be together．

【考点】选词填空．
【分析】这是一篇日常生活类阅读，主要介绍一道闪电过后，停电了．原因是闪电击中了发电站上的高塔．最后，终于来电了．我们大声欢呼，这件事也使邻居们有可能在一起．
【解答】1．D．考查形容词．句意"接着，我们听到一阵闪电后发出的___声音．"．根据所给单词，可知，应该是"可怕的"．修饰名词用形容词frightening．选D．
2．B．考查名词．句意"气象员说暴风雨是所有问题的__．"．根据所给单词，可知，应该是"原因"．the cause of…"…的原因"．选B．
3．E．考查副词．句意"这就是为什么下雨前灯火__熄灭的原因．"．根据所给单词，可知，修饰动词用副词 suddenly突然地．选E．
4．A．考查名词．句意"这个__使邻居们有可能在一起．"．根据所给单词，可知，这里指停电的"事件"．用event．选A．
【点评】选词填空，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解．结合语境，根据所给单词，选择合适的词完成答案．
12．（2018•上海）"Olyvia，love is simple．You don't have to do much to make someone happy． "That was what my mother said to me when I was a child．Over a year ago，I had a chance．My good friend Kaylee told me about her （1）t rip to a small town called Gary，and how it was a life﹣changing experience．I made up my mind to go there myself．
When I told my parents about the decision，they didn't （2）a gree at first．They said I didn't know much about the place．They were worried that it was not （3）s afe for me to go there．Thankfully，after I explained my plan to them in detail，they said yes．
When our group arrived in Gary，I noticed how different the town was from where I lived．There were few stores or restaurants in the town；most had closed．So you would be very （4）l ucky if you could find a place to buy food or drinks．Houses were built on small hills．Many of them had broken doors or windows．My job was to help the local people to （5）r epair houses．The work days were long and hot，but it was really good to see the houses taking on a new look day by day．
The children there were also different．They seemed to enjoy every moment in life though they were poor．The smallest things would make these kids happy．I couldn't find words to describe their （6）j oy when they received an ice﹣cream，a ball or even a kiss．The community was like a big family．Everyone knew each other and was there when someone needed help．
I am so glad that I had this unforgettable experience．I truly learned the （7）m eaning of what my mother said．You don't need to do much to make a difference to other's lives．
【考点】首字母阅读填空．
【分析】短文讲了作者去了一个小镇的旅游经历，详细的介绍了作者对当地人的帮助，让作者明白了母亲说的话．
【解答】1．trip 考查名词．根据后句how it was a life﹣changing experience．I made up my mind to go there myself．这是一次改变人生的经历．我决定自己去那里．可知结合首字母提示，应说我的好朋友Kaylee向我讲述她去一个叫Gary的小镇的经历．Trip to +地点，去某地的旅行．故答案为trip．
2．agree 考查动词．根据后句They said I didn't know much about the place．They were worried ，他们说我对这个地方不太了解．他们担心．可知结合首字母提示，应说当我告诉父母我的决定时，他们起初不同意．前有助动词did，这里用动词原形．故答案为agree．
3．safe 考查形容词．根据前句They said I didn't know much about the place．他们说我对这个地方不太了解．可知结合首字母提示，应说他们担心我去那里是不安全的．故答案为safe．
4．lucky 考查形容词．根据前句I noticed how different the town was from where I lived．There were few stores or restaurants in the town；most had closed．我注意到这个城镇与我住的地方有多么不同．镇上几乎没有商店或餐馆；大多数都是关闭的．可知结合首字母提示，应说所以，如果你能找到一个吃饭喝水的地方，你就是非常幸运的．故答案为lucky．
5．repair 考查动词．根据前句Many of them had broken doors or windows．可知结合首字母提示，应说许多房子的门窗破了，我的工作是帮助当地人修理房子．help sb do sth帮助某人做某事．故答案为repair．
6．joy 考查名词．根据前句They seemed to enjoy every moment in life though they were poor．The smallest things would make these kids happy．但他们似乎很享受生活中的每一刻．最小的事情会让这些孩子开心．可知结合首字母提示，应说当他们收到一个冰淇淋，一个球，甚至一个吻的时候，我都无法用语言来描述他们的喜悦．故答案为joy．
7．meaning 考查固定短语．根据前后句 I truly learned the…of what my mother said．You don't need to do much to make a difference to others' lives．可知结合首字母提示，应说我真正理解到了妈妈所说话的意义，你不需要做太多去改变别人的生活．The meaning of…的意义．故答案为meaning．
【点评】首字母填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答．对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配．本文主要考查了动词、名词、形容词、副词、等实词，需要考生弄懂上下文的语境．
13．（2017•上海）Complete the following passage with the words in the box．Each can be used only once（将下列单词填入空格．每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）（共8分）

Nowadays more and more people prefer to go fishing or hiking in the woods．Experiencing nature is （46） E ，but when you're doing this，always keep yourself safe．It's important to remember several basic rules if you don't want to turn a pleasant outing into a（47） B ．
First，be fully prepared for different weather．Before you set out，always get warm clothes and raincoats ready，just in case!This is especially true in the （48） D of travelling in the mountain areas．The weather is really （49） A in high mountains．Sometimes you can experience two or three seasons in one day．

Second，（50） D a map，a compass，and a flashlight in your bag．Even experienced travelers get lost．Before you start your trip，study the map to get familiar with the area you are going to．The flashlight is important if you do get lost．Many trips that start out in daylight will （51） E become nighttime adventures when people can't find their way．
Third，bring a first﹣aid kit and know how to use it．Small cuts can be more serious when there is no doctor（52） C ．
Finally，tell people where you are going and when you plan to come back．That way，someone will go search for you if troubles（53） A ．This will increase your chance of being found quickly．
【考点】选词填空．
【分析】越来越多的人喜欢去钓鱼和远足，但是要记得一些基本的规则，准备应对各种天气，带上地图，指南针和手电筒，告诉别人你要去哪什么时候回来等．
【解答】46．E． 形容词考查．结合前文Nowadays more and more people prefer to go fishing or hiking in the woods可知这里是褒义的形容词，故用exciting令人兴奋的，故答案是E．
47．B． 名词考查．a是冠词，后加名词单数，结合 turn a pleasant outing into a是将高兴的事情变成灾难，故用名词disaster，故答案是B．
48．D．名词考查．the是冠词，后加名词，跳过空格推知句意是说这种在山区旅行的情况是真的，故用名词situation，故答案是D．
49．A． 形容词考查．结合后文 in high mountains．Sometimes you can experience two or three seasons in one day．越来越多的人喜欢去钓鱼和远足，但是要记得一些基本的规则，准备应对各种天气，带上地图，指南针和手电筒，告诉别人你要去哪什么时候回来．可知天气多变，故用形容词changeable．故答案是changeable．
50．D． 动词考查．结合a map，a compass，and a flashlight in your bag用动词pack打包，故答案是pack．
51．E． 副词考查．结合句子结构这里用副词修饰become，表示可能用probably，故答案是E．
52．C． 副词考查．结合Small cuts can be more serious when there is no doctor可知是说没有医生在附近，故用nearby，故答案是C．
53．A．动词考查．结合句意是说如果麻烦出现的时候，用动词appear，故答案是A．
【点评】在选定单词后，不要轻率地填入．在填词过程中，需要瞻前顾后，既要符合本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确．
14．（2017•上海）
A Delicious Meal
Tony is Chinese American．His family members gather together and serve a traditional Chinese meal once a week．Last week Tony i（81） nvited his friend Amy for it．
Tony's family was preparing dinner when Amy arrived．The family was cooking vegetables with hot oil．The k（82） itchen was filled with many good smells．"You can help me set the table．"Tony told his friend．They gave each person a pair of chopsticks，a soup bowl，a soup spoon，and a rice bowl on a plate．
"Where are the forks and knives？"Amy asked．
"Oh，you won't n（83） eed those．"Tony explained．"I will show you how to use chopsticks．Don't worry．"
Tony's mother put different foods on big plates that Amy was not familiar with．She asked the kids to carry the food﹣filled plates out to the table．Amy carried roast duck．It was one of the f（84） ew dishes she recognized．
Amy was a little nervous about eating with chopsticks．Tony gave her instructions on how to do it．Amy finally managed to hold the chopsticks．Just when she picked up a piece of chicken with her chopsticks，her fingers s（85） uddenly lost control，and the chicken flew across the table.．It landed in Tony's soup with a splash（飞溅）．E（86） veryone at the table smiled．
Tony's father kindly brought out a fork and knife．He handed them to Amy．Amy felt more c（87） omfortable ．She ate the rest of her dinner easily．It was delicious!
At the end of the meal，Amy was given a fortune cookie（签语饼干）．She opened it and read the small note inside，"If you practice hard，you will learn many things．"Amy laughed and said，"if you let me take home a pair of chopsticks，my fortune may come true!

【考点】首字母阅读填空．
【分析】短文大意：主要讲述美籍华人小朋友托尼，他的家人每周做一次传统的中式饭菜给自己．上个周末托尼邀请他的好朋友艾丽到家里来吃中式饭菜．当艾丽到家的时候他们正准备晚饭，家人用热油炒蔬菜，整个厨房都充满了美味．当艾丽帮托尼摆餐桌的时候，他们给每个人摆一双筷子，一碗汤，一个汤勺和放在碟子里的一碗饭．托尼的妈妈做了艾丽喜欢吃的烤鸭．艾丽问托尼刀和叉在哪里，托尼说艾丽不需要，托尼解释说，他将会示范给她看怎么使用，让艾米不要担心．吃饭的时候，艾米有点紧张吃饭使用筷子，托尼给他讲解说明如何使用筷子．艾米最后终于能握住筷子了，只是当她用筷子夹鸡肉的时候，她的突然手失去了控制，鸡肉掉落在托尼的汤里，桌上的每个人都笑了．托尼的爸爸很友善的拿出一副刀和叉给艾米．艾米感觉更舒服了，她很容易的吃完了余下的饭菜．晚饭快吃完的时候，有人送给艾米一袋签语饼干．她打开并且发现一张小便条在里面，写着"如果你努力练习，你将会学到很多东西"艾米笑着说，"如果让我带一双筷子回家，我的幸运就就会实现．"
【解答】81．invited；考查动词辨析，根据语境，上个周末托尼"邀请"他的好朋友艾丽到家里来吃中式饭菜，邀请，以i开头invite，且是上周的事情填过去式故为invited．
82．kitchen；考查名词辨析，根据前后句意思，家人用热油炒蔬菜，整个"厨房"都充满了美味，以k开头，故填kitchen．
83．need；考查动词辨析，根据后句意思，托尼解释说，他将会示范给她看怎么使用，让艾米不要担心．所以是托尼说艾丽不"需要"以n开头故填need．
84．few；考查形容词辨析，根据语境，Tony's mother put different foods on big plates that Amy was not familiar with．It was one of the f （84）dishes she recognized．前文说Amy 不认识这些食物，下文的意思是这是她认识的为数不多的菜之一．故填few．
85．suddenly；考查副词辨析，根据语境，她的"突然"手失去了控制，鸡肉掉落在托尼的汤里．突然，且以s开头，修饰动词，故填suddenly．
86．Everyone；考查不定代词辨析，根据语境桌子上"每个人"都笑了．每个人，且以e开头，故天Everyone．
87．comfortable；考查形容词辨析，根据语境，托尼的爸爸很友善的拿出一副刀和叉给艾米．艾米感觉更"舒服"了．舒服的，以c开头，故填comfortable
【点评】首字母阅读填空，考查词汇积累，考生注意结合语境和词语用法填上适当的单词．

考点卡片
1．首字母阅读填空
【考查能力介绍】
①首字母阅读填空常要求考生根据短文意思和所提供的首字母，写出一个完整、正确由能使短文通顺的单词．
②首字母阅读填空考查范围极广，是完型填空式中考试卷中最难的题型，最能测量考生实际运用语言的能力．它要求考生要有较强的语感，善于体会上下文的内在联系，还要有扎实的语言知识储备和较大的词汇量．
③该题的考查重点是名词、动词、形容词、副词和代词这几大词类．
【解题方法点拨】
做首字母阅读填空题，我们需要在自身知识积累足够的基础上，掌握一定的方法，以便快速准确地答题．
①通读全文，跳过空格，了解全文大意；
②结合所给首字母，综合考虑，初步确定答案；
③仔细推敲，注意词形的变化，从词法、句法、惯用法等方面考虑答案的准确性；
④复读全文，确保填入的词既能使句意通顺，又能做到语法、用词搭配的正确，避免不必要的失分．
解题步骤（以题为例）
Once， there was a little grey planet． People living on it hadn't looked after it well．（1）A____ they had excellent inventions and spaceships beyond our imagination， they made the planet（2）f____ of rubbish and pollution． As a result there were no plants or（3）a____ left．
One day， a little boy was walking on the（4）p____． When he passed a cave（山洞）， he noticed a small red（5）f____ in it． The flower was sick and almost dying． The boy（6）d____ it out carefully with its root and some soil． Then he tried to find somewhere to plant it， but he failed． He looked up in the sky and he found the（7）m____． He thought the flower might grow（8）w____ on the moon． So he climbed into a spaceship with the flower and（9）f____ to the moon． He grew the flower on the moon and took care of it every day． Soon the flowers spread all over the moon and the moon was（10）c____ with red flowers．
When all the flowers come out， the moon looks（11）____， like a warning light． If we don't look（12）a____ our earth carefully， the day will come when flowers will only be able to grow on the moon．
这是2018年咸宁的最新中考题，解题时要先通读全文，可以根据语境推知：（1）以首字母A开头的复合句前后是转折关系，应该用连词Although；（2）考查固定搭配，be full of；（3）以a开头和plants（植物）并列，很容易就能联想到是说动物，根据plants可知要用复数形式，animals；（4）（5）（7）（11）需要联系上下文从文中寻得答案，是送分题；（6）可根据语境得知是要挖出花儿，用动词dig，涉及到动词就需要考虑时态，上下文都是一般过去时，这里也需要用过去式dug；（8）以w开头用以修饰动词grow的，根据语境可知要用well；（9）根据提示词spaceship和首字母f可知应该是要飞向月球，同样用过去式flew；（10）根据spread all over the moon可以知道月球上被红花所覆盖，用固定搭配be covered with；（11）根据语境和首字母a可知此处要用after来组成词组look after．题目做完之后，把答案代入题中凭语感就可判断处答案正确与否．
【中考命题方向】
首字母填空类短文题是近几年各省、市题经常采用的题型之一．从近几年的考题来看，首字母填空题所考查的单词涉及的词性范围较广，各大词类几乎都有涉及．所设文章短小、精致，体裁不一，题材丰富，内容通俗易懂，与现代生活紧密相关，可读性、趣味性强，符合初中生的认知特点．
2．选词填空
【考查能力介绍】
①选词填空题要求考生根据句子或短文内容，从备选词中选择正确的单词或短语并用其适当形式填空．
②此类考题综合性强，集合了阅读、词汇、语法和完型填空等多题型的测试特点，对考生的综合能力要求较高．
【解题方法点拨】
①先对备选词做初步了解，在此基础上通读全文，充分理解短文的内容．
②分析空格处所需单词，先按意思选词，先确定介词、冠词、连词等不发生变化的词和涉及固定搭配的词；再根据句子结构选词，确定设空处在句子中充当的成分，找出相应词汇做出正确的变形．
③完成填词后，应通读全文，检查单词拼写是否正确，是否有时态、语态、惯用法及词语选用上的错误，以确保答案的正确性．
解题步骤（以题为例）
thing real find hard beauty
Some of you might ask， "Are books（1） interesting？ "Believe it or not， books provide many（2） that televisions or computers cannot． Since books use only words to tell a story， they can improve your imagination． The interesting words and sentences that are used in storytelling usually can't be（3） on TV or on websites． They are sometimes so（4） and moving that they can bring tears to your eyes． Books also help us to think（5） and deeper． As we continue to read， we ask ourselves questions and try to find answers．
Remember： the more you read， the more you grow．
第一步需要诠释备选单词，进行预判．thing名词，意为"事物，东西"；real形容词（真的）；find实义动词，意为"找到，发现"；hard作形容词意为"硬的，困难的"，作副词意为"努力地"；beauty名词，意为"美丽，美人"．
第二步需要通读全文，进行预判．根据字面意思可以推出real对应（1），thing对应（2），find对应（3），beauty对应（4），hard对应（5）．
第三部需要瞻前顾后，根据句子结构，注意词形的变化．（1）修饰形容词要用副词，（2）many之后要用复数，（3）用词的主语是被动关系，要用被动语态，find需变过去分词，（4）与moving并列要用形容词，（5）与deeper并列修饰think要用副词比较级．根据要求填入适当形式．
最后需要把答案带入文中验证是否正确．
【解题技巧】
在做阅读填空题时要做到根据语法判定词性，利用语境确定词形，具体要考虑：
①对于名词，要考虑是否要把名词变成复数或"所有格"形式，还要考虑名词是否需要变成形容词；
②对于动词，要考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化；
③对于形容词和副词，要去判定它们之间的相互转换，是否需要变成比较级或最高级，形容词是否要变名词也需考虑；
④对于代词，注意辨别主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法；
⑤对于数词，要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数和虚实数的用法；
⑥对于冠词，只需要在 a或an之间判别；
⑦对于介词和连词时，只要符合上下文逻辑或固定短语搭配，填入即可．
【中考命题方向】
中考对选词填空题的形式也是多种多样，有根据句子选词的（如呼和浩特、武汉等），有根据短文内容选单词的（如河南、泰安等），也有根据对话选词的（如南京等）．这些出题形式中又有的用选词不必变形，有的则需要变换成适当形式，难易各不相同，考生当根据本地考试实际情况进行复习．