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    2022年中考英语复习之挑战压轴题(语篇填空):首字母阅读填空(含答案)

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    2022年中考英语复习之挑战压轴题(语篇填空):首字母阅读填空(含答案)

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    这是一份2022年中考英语复习之挑战压轴题(语篇填空):首字母阅读填空(含答案),共28页。
    2022年中考英语复习之挑战压轴题(语篇填空):首字母阅读填空
    一.首字母阅读填空(共15小题)
    1.(2022•南京模拟)Have you heard about the periodic table (元素周期表) lately?Well,there's some big news about this special table,but first,remember that the periodic table is used to organize all the elements,or things that make (1)u       our world.
        Elements are all around us.Iron is one of the commonest elements found within the Earth.You probably know the element oxygen.It is the element that we (2)b       in all the time.And elements can combine (结合) to make new things (3)l       H2O.This is hydrogen and oxygen put together,also known as (4)w       !Learning about these things helps us better understand the world we live in.
        But have you ever noticed something missing in the periodic table?There were already 114 elements.But the seventh row of the table was not (5)f       ,until now!In December,scientists from IUPAC(国际理论与应用化学联合会) found the (6)f       elements that were missing.They are elements 113,115,117 and 118.
        "To scientists,this is of greater (7)v       than an Olympic gold medal, "Ryoji Noyori,a Nobel honored chemist,told the Guardian.
        The new elements are heavy metals and were made in (8)l       .These kinds of elements can't be found in nature.Scientists are still looking for ways to use these elements,and other elements in the eighth row,in our daily lives.
        Scientists have been working on this for 10 years,but the work is not done.Now they will (9)p      to look for "element 119 and beyond".But for now,be careful when you read your (10)C       books because the periodic table might be outdated.
    2.(2022•盐都区一模)Dirty clothes,a face covered in mud,eyes full of pain and determination (决心).You can h(1)     imagine this is a pop idol.But it is!Yi Yangqianxi played soldier Wu Wanli in the film The Battle at Lake Changjin (《长津湖》).
        It's a story about the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea (1950﹣1953).D(2)     the National Day holiday,the film's box office  reached 3 billion yuan.Yi's films have now earned more than 7 billion yuan at the box office,r(3)     by Beijing News.
        "Everyone says he is good,but I didn't e(4)     him to be so good," actor Wu Jing said about Yi.He played Yi's older brother in the film. "He got hurt when acting.A ligament (韧带) was torn (断裂).But he kept going on w(5)     a word of complaint."
        Starting his career with the boy band TFBoys,Yi did not get lost as an idol.I(6)     ,he chose a different path:to be an actor.In 2018,he went to study at the Central Academy of Drama.Since then,he has focused on professional training.F(7)     the sleeper hit Better Days to A Little Red Flower,Yi has won the p(8)     of the viewers with his performance.
        "Yi can always touch the soul of the character,and then become him," said Han Yan,director of A Little Red Flower.
        "If you want to be a good actor,you need to see the role as the most important thing," Yi once said.During the eight﹣month filming of the film,for example,Yi r(9)     almost all other shows or activities.He completely immersed (沉浸) himself in the character as a soldier.As Wu Jing said, "Yi's future will be boundless ." We have good r(10)     to believe that.
     
    3.(2022•长宁区一模)How hard is to lean to read?The challenge is much greater for people with a kind of disease,dyslexia(阅读障碍症).Dyslexia is a reading problem that affects about one out of every ten people.
        Dyslexia has nothing to do with intelligence,but Dyslexics have a (1)h       time reading written words.When most children begin to read,they learn the sounds that make up words.Then they connect the sounds to letters and blend the sounds to make words.At last they can (2)r       words they've sounded out.But children with dyslexia have trouble remembering the sounds and the letters that go with them.
        (3)A       dyslexia can't be cured,there are ways to help people with dyslexia learn to read.Students can work with a specially﹣trained teacher to learn how to remember sounds.They can practice how to (4)m       their mouths to make certain sounds.
        Another way to help is to give students stories to read,using a special font(字体).A font is a set of the letters of the alphabet,in a certain style.Christian Boer is a Dutch designer who created a special dyslexic﹣friendly font called "dyslexic." Christian has dyslexia,and he wanted to do something to make reading easier for people like him.He made each letter look different,so readers are (5)l        likely to get confused.Christian has won awards for creating this font.
        Scientists are studying special dyslexic fonts to decide (6)w        they really help people with dyslexia to read faster and more accurately.So far,the results are mixed.However,scientists are sure that careful font design is an important (7)s        toward helping dyslexics meet their challenges.
    4.(2022•青浦区一模)Beethoven(贝多芬)is famous for his nine symphonies(交响乐).Before he died,he began a new symphony,but never f(1)      it.Computer  scientists  and  musicians  have  now  used  artificial intelligence(AI 人工智能)to complete his 10th Symphony.
        Beethoven was born over 250 years ago,yet his music is still played daily around the world.Beethoven  wrote  many  famous  pieces  of  music,especially  his  nine  symphonies.When Beethoven died in 1827,he had some ideas for a 10th  Symphony.But all that he left b(2)     were some notes about the piece and a few "sketches" ﹣ short bits of written music.
        In 2019,a special team of  musicians,computer scientists,and historians was  formed.Their  g(3)      is  to try  to complete Beethoven's  10th  Symphony  to celebrate his 250th  birthday.The   team didn't just want to complete the symphony,they wanted to come as close as possible to producing the symphony that Beethoven meant to write.That's where AI came in.
        To t(4)      an AI to help with the symphony,the team turned every piece of music that Beethoven ever wrote into a form the computer could understand.In this way,the AI could look for patterns in the way Beethoven wrote.
        Other members of the team studied Beethoven's notes and sketches,and worked to figure out what Beethoven was p(5)     to do.
        One early test told the team they were on the r(6)     track.They took a few minutes of    music created by the AI based on Beethoven's sketches,and played it for Beethoven experts,musicians,and reporters.No one could tell which parts had been written by Beethoven and which parts the AI made up.
        It took the team over two years to complete Beethoven's 10th Symphony.Recently,it was performed for the first time ever by the Beethoven Orchestra in Bonn,Germany.
        So Beethoven now has a 10th Symphony.And t(7)     Beethoven didn't write it all,the team feels sure that the music is very much like what he might have written.
    5.(2021•泰州模拟)Flow like the river of change
        Little stream ran down from a high mountain through many villages and forests. Then it reached a desert. "I went through so many d(1)     . I should have no problem crossing the desert," she thought. As she started, she found herself slowly disappearing into the sand. After many tries, she still failed. "Maybe I can't reach the ocean,'' she said sadly to h(2)     .
        At this time,a deep voice said,"If a breeze(微风)can cross the desert,so c(3)     a river." It was the voice of the desert. But the little stream answered, "That's because a breeze can fly, but I cannot."
        "That's because you can't give up what you are. Let yourself evaporate(蒸发)into the breeze,and it can take you a(4)     ." said the desert, "Give up what I am now? No!    No!" The little stream could not a(5)     this idea. "The breeze can carry the vapor(蒸汽)across  the desert and let it leave as r(6)     . The rain will form a river again," said the desert."And whether you're a river or vapor, your nature never c(7)     ." Hearing this, the little stream went into the open arms of the breeze. It carried her to the next s(8)     of her life.
        The course of our lives is like the  e(9)     of the little stream. If you want to go through difficulties in your life to head for s(10)     , you should also change the way you are.
    6.(2021•硚口区模拟)South African filmmaker Craig Foster was diving near where he grew up.One day,he came across her.A shy octopus(章鱼)was p(1)     on a "suit" of shells.
        "What is she doing there?" Foster became interested in this magical animal.He visited her and f(2)     her for two hours every day.For weeks,the octopus felt a(3)     and hid herself.Foster kept trying to win her h(4)     .Finally,after 26 days,she reached out and touched him!
        Foster spent over a year studying her﹣ till the end of her s(5)     life.He watched her learn,play and recover from injury.The filmmaker made the friendship between them into the documentary My Octopus Teacher.The film has become a h(6)     .
        In Foster's eyes,the octopus was a teacher.The man learned a lot from her.The greatest lesson she taught him was about our p(7)     in nature.We humans are not just v(8)     to this planet.We are part of the natural world around us.As we get closer to our animal friends,we will find we are s(9)     to them in many ways.
        So talk to a dog or pat a cat.Watch how birds sing to make friends.On this amazing planet,we do have many wonderful n(10)     !
    7.(2022•普陀区一模)It was the last day for Teddy in the company.After he packed up all his personal belongings.he started back home,An old lady stood on the side of the road.He a (1)      didn't see her.Even in the dim(微弱) light of day,he could see she was in trouble.Teddy stopped his car and got out,walked towards the old lady.
        Even with the smile on his face,she was w(2)     .No one had stopped to help for the last hour or so.Was he going to hurt her?,He didn't look safe.
        He said,"I am here to help you,Madam.Why don't you wait in the car where it is warm?By the way,my name is Teddy"
        Well,all she had was a flat tire(爆胎),but for an old lady,that was bad enough.Teddy lay down,and moved under the car changing the tire.But he had to get d(3)     and his hands hurt.
        As he was tightening up the lug nuts,she rolled down the window and began to talk to him.She told him that she was from St.Louis and was only just passing though.She was grateful for his help.
        Teddy just smiled as he finished the work.The lady asked how much she owed him.Any amount would be all right with her.She already i(4)     all the awful things that might happen if he had not stopped.Teddy never thought about being paid.This was not a j (5)      to him.This was helping someone in need and God knows there were plenty who had given him a hand in the past.He had lived his whole life that way,and it never occurred to him to act any other way.
         He told her that if she really wanted to pay him back,the next time she saw someone who needed help,she could do him or her a favour w(6)     hesitation.Teddy added, "And think of me."
        He waited until she started her car and drove off.It had been a cold day and he had felt d(7)     just now.Now he felt good as he went home,disappearing into the twilight(暮色).
     
    8.(2021•东营模拟)阅读短文,根据短文内容及首字母提示,在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
        The mobile phone is a useful thing,but maybe I don't know (1)h       to use it.Sometimes it makes things difficult for me.
        One day I wanted to see my friend nearby.I could(2)a       at his house in five minutes,but I looked at my mobile phone and thought(3)i       would be better to ring him up.I(4)r       him for the first time,but the line was busy.Five minutes later,there was an answer,but it was the wrong number.
        Then I tried (5)a       and this time I got an answer from him.
        I  asked him if he was at home in the afternoon.And he said﹣﹣at (6)l       I  thought he said—he would be at home all afternoon.So I went to his house,but then I found (7)n       in.I called him for the fourth time.This time I got so angry that I (8)s       ,"You are not at home?But you just told me over the telephone that you would be at home all afternoon!"
        Here (9)w      his  answer,"No,I  said.  'I  will  NOT  be  at  home  all afternoon.'"
        I went back to my room,sat down in front of the mobile phone and looked at it.What (10)e       could I do?Nothing!
    9.(2021•广陵区校级二模)Like William Shakespeare,poet Du Fu has the same importance to Chinese literary tradition.To introduce the charm and beauty of (1)t      Chinese literature to viewers around the world,a BBC documentary invited a famous British actor to read 15 of Du's poems that have been translated into English.
        The documentary (2)d       the poet's life experiences in detail.Born in 712,Du lived under the
    reign (统治) of the Tang Emperor Xuanzong (713﹣756),a (3)t       which was marked by richness and cultural achievement.However,as the An Lushan Rebellion of 755 floored the empire,Du suffered a lot.Through (4)u       and downs,the poet never stopped writing and about 1 ,500 poems have been kept over the ages.In these poems,he poured out his worries about (5)h      country and people and the importance of celebrating the simple joys of life.
        Chinese people really value the recording of(6)h      and Du is best at recording history in his
    poetry.That's(7)b       historical events are mirrored (反映) in his own life and spiritual journey.
        Though he never had a high position in the government,Du cared about (8)c      people.That's why he was(9)p       as a Poet﹣Sage (诗圣) by later generations.A difficult life and his spirit of caring about the world helped him create so many works.
        Du is a cultural symbol of ancient China,but his works and spirits have also encouraged people (10)o       China.As the documentary noted,his work represents a valuable cultural heritage for the whole world,not just China.
    10.(2021•武汉模拟)Fourteen–year﹣old girl Zhang Li  was walking towards her home.Suddenly, a man stopped her and shouted, "Give me your money!"
        Zhang's hands were c(1)     by the man.But in one quick movement, she took back her arms and started to scream for a(2)     .So the man ran away without g(3)     any of her money.Zhang is a student from one school of Beijing. Her teacher Li Wei has started giving his students an u(4)      lesson:self﹣protection.Luckily,Zhang had just learned how to escape from an attacker, a  p(5)      who plans to hurt someone.
        The school has t(6)     self–protection for four years.During this time, about 5,000 students have learned how to protect t(7)     .
        According to a new survey, students' s(8)      has become a big problem.Nearly 50% students say they are worried about robbery on the way to and from school.This school is not the only one to care about students' safety.Many other schools in China also have lessons like this.
        Student Ma Xiang said, "I learn how to save lives and most such courses tell students how to avoid dangerous s(9)     ." Students practice what to do if they are attacked by a bad man.
        They are taught how to save lives if someone is hurt.They also learn how to work together and b(10)     team﹣spirit.
    11.(2021•武汉二模)The Book of Songs《诗歌集》,also known as Shi Jing,is the oldest exciting c(1)      of Chinese poetry.Three years ago,when Chinese musician Fang Jinlong read Shi Jing,he was interested in the stories told t(2)      the poems.Because he couldn't f(3)      understand the ancient Chinese language used in the poems,he turned to experts whose explanation further attracted him to explore the poems.
     Then he decided to describe the p(4)      with musical language by inviting composer (作曲家)Ma Jiuyue to create an album,which was titled Music and the Book of Songs.The album was released on Jan 18,featuring 10 original songs composed by Ma.They were p(5)      by Fang and won great popularity.
     The songs from the album are based on 10 poems from Shi Jing,including Qiong Yao,which e(6)      gratitude to people who are eager to help others,Swallows,which sends farewell messages to friends and Jia Yu,which describes the s(7)      of a joyful banquet (宴会).
        "Young people gave warm feedback about traditional Chinese music and they came to watch my performance,which i(8)      me to create more works for them.It helps popularize traditional Chinese music" says Fang.
        "The 10 pieces sound e(9)      and easy.For the listeners,it's a fresh way to understand poems from Shi Jing.There are so many meanings in the poems and we want to show them as deep as p(10)      with music.It's our mutual goal to have traditional Chinese music reach a wider audience," says Ma.
    12.(2021•建邺区模拟)A great deal of creativity we find in Dunhuang goes through a thousand﹣year period. Dunhuang culture should be p(1)     because of its great influence.
        Once a m(2)     stop on the ancient Silk Road, Dunhuang's art dated back to 1,650  years  ago.  Its  Mogao  Grottoes are h(3)     to more than 2,000 colored sculptures and 45,000 square meters of murals (壁面).
        The painting  style of the  murals  changed o(4)     the years, giving insight into life throughout the centuries. In addition to their artistic values, today the Dunhuang murals are w(5)     considered as a treasure house  with  valuable  information about culture and social life in ancient China.
        Besides the achievement in visual art, Dunhuang is a witness to the mixture of different cultures. Some faces of these figures have rich shades to p(6)     a 3 D impression, a technique common in Indian and Western countries. The cultural exchanges between China  and  the  West  brought  p(7)     and  also  helped  Dunhuang culture develop better.
        Looking back at this Dunhuang culture, we can really feel and experience the openness   and   exchange.   Dunhuang's culture was  f(8)     on   the   basis  of multi﹣cultural mixture. It shows China hopes for peace and wants to build a community of shared future a(9)     well.
        The culture of Dunhuang develops quickly in a remote desert.W(10)     more, it can also make our life more colourful. For example, last year, students from Dunhuang Middle School designed their school exercises based on the local flying dance, which was inspired by the Dunhuang murals.
    13.(2021•高邮市二模)It was a full moon.St.Clare decided to go into town and told Tom that he would be back soon.So Tom stayed home and thought of the (1)p       from his kind master﹣"I will let you be (2)f       ." He smiled and kept thinking,his small house and his family.He still could not believe it ﹣ ﹣ He was going to be a free man!What a beautiful(3)e       !But soon the cloud came over.
        While St Clare was walking into town,he saw some men fighting,who were all drunk,and it was going into a worse situation.He tried to(4)s        them.One of the men had a knife.When St.Clare tried to take it,the man wounded him.
        Tom was asleep when there was a rushing knock on the door and several men carried St Clare inside.He was unconscious (昏迷) because of the pain and the (5)l       of blood.Tom hurried up to call the doctor.Miss Ophelia quickly prepared a bed and tried to wake St Clare.
        The doctor arrived and the look on his face said that there was no (6)h       .He cleaned and bandaged the wound,and said that St Clare needed to rest.
        St.Clare lay with his eyes half open,but it was evident that he struggled with painful thoughts.
        After a while,he laid his hand on Tom's,who was kneeling beside him,he said (7)w        "Tom!Poor you!"
        "What,my kind master?" said Tom.
        St Clare held Tom's hand."I'm dying.Please pray for me!"
        "If you would like a clergyman(牧师)," ....said Tom.
        St.Clare shook his head,and said again, "Pray!"
        And Tom prayed with all his heart for the soul (灵魂) that was (8)l      .When he finished,St.
    Clare looked at him and took his hand again.The black hand and the(9)w       one held each other with an equal clasp.Then he closed his eyes forever.
        Tears came down.Tom knew that St.Clare's death would make things very dangerous for him and the other slaves.Now they would belong to Marie,who was always cold,and things were going to be very (10)d        from before.
        The sky got darker and darker and the moon was gone.
     
    14.(2020•扬州一模)We all know everyone needs to sleep.No matter when and how much a person sleeps,he or she needs some sleep to stay (1)a     .That's what all doctors thought until they heard about Herpin.Someone said Herpin (2)n      slept in his life.Could this be true?The doctors decided to see this strange man themselves.
        Herpin was 90 years old when the doctors came to his home in New Jersey.They thought for sure that he got some (3)s      of some kind.So they stayed with him and (4)w      every movement he made.However,the result was very (5)s     .Though they watched him hour after hour and day after day,they never saw him sleeping.
        In fact,Herpin did not even own a (6)b     .He never needed one.The only rest that Herpin sometimes got was (7)s      in a comfortable chair and reading newspapers.The doctors were puzzled by this strange continuous sleeplessness.They hoped to find out the real reason for it ,so they asked him many (8)q     .
        They found only one answer that might (9)e      his condition.His mother had been injured several days before he was born.As a result,he came to the world a few days (10)e     .Was this the real reason?No one could be sure.
    15.(2018•南通)Part﹣time jobs are great for young people.They allow teenagers and young adults to gain a little job(1)e      and make a bit of money too.Compared with other hobbies and activities,part﹣time jobs are healthier and better help teenagers(2)p      for adult life.Of course,for students,doing a part﹣time job should never be more important than(3)s      for good grades.
        There are so many different part﹣time jobs for you to(4)c      from.A few of the most common ones are restaurant waiters,store salesmen and park workers.These are all jobs that only need you to work(5)b      ten and twenty hours per week.Besides,they don't require much work experience.So you can learn how to do the job(6)e      while you are working.
        You can learn great lessons from a part﹣time job.Some are about how to work with others,some are about how to be on time and (7)o      are about how to work hard.These are all necessary lessons you will use later in life.A survey shows that the young adults who do not have part﹣time jobs are(8)l     prepared for life than those who do.
        It is great to earn money for the first time from a part﹣time job.Then how do you usually (9)s      the money from a part﹣time job?It can be used to save for college education or favorite things.Maybe you will find it's harder to use money you made than that your parents gave you!Yet it can right teach you the(10)v      of money.

    2022年中考英语复习之挑战压轴题(语篇填空):首字母阅读填空(15题)
    参考答案与试题解析
    一.首字母阅读填空(共15小题)
    1.(2022•南京模拟)Have you heard about the periodic table (元素周期表) lately?Well,there's some big news about this special table,but first,remember that the periodic table is used to organize all the elements,or things that make (1)u   p our world.
        Elements are all around us.Iron is one of the commonest elements found within the Earth.You probably know the element oxygen.It is the element that we (2)b   reathe in all the time.And elements can combine (结合) to make new things (3)l   ike H2O.This is hydrogen and oxygen put together,also known as (4)w   ater !Learning about these things helps us better understand the world we live in.
        But have you ever noticed something missing in the periodic table?There were already 114 elements.But the seventh row of the table was not (5)f   inished ,until now!In December,scientists from IUPAC(国际理论与应用化学联合会) found the (6)f   our elements that were missing.They are elements 113,115,117 and 118.
        "To scientists,this is of greater (7)v   alue than an Olympic gold medal, "Ryoji Noyori,a Nobel honored chemist,told the Guardian.
        The new elements are heavy metals and were made in (8)l   abs .These kinds of elements can't be found in nature.Scientists are still looking for ways to use these elements,and other elements in the eighth row,in our daily lives.
        Scientists have been working on this for 10 years,but the work is not done.Now they will (9)p  repare to look for "element 119 and beyond".But for now,be careful when you read your (10)C   hemistry books because the periodic table might be outdated.
    【考点】首字母阅读填空.
    【分析】这篇短文主要向大家介绍了化学元素,并例举了我们身边常见的元素的例子,但是目前所知道的元素并不是所有,科学家们还在努力研究。
    【解答】(1)up.考查介词。句意:记住元素周期表是用来组织所有元素的,或者组成我们世界的东西。分析句子结构,可知句中包含词组make up,意为"组成"。故填:up。
    (2)breathe.考查动词。句意:它是我们一直呼吸的元素。分析句子结构,可知空处应谓语动词,结合首字母b和语境,可确定空处为breathe,意为"呼吸"。故填:breathe。
    (3)like.考查介词。句意:而且,元素可以组成新的东西,就像水。分析句子结构,可知H2O是例子,结合首字母l和语境,可确定空处为like,意为"比如"。故填:like。
    (4)water.考查名词。句意:这是氢和氧的混合物,也被称为水。分析句子结构,可知known as后应为名词,结合首字母w和语境,可确定空处为water,意为"水"。故填:water。
    (5)finished.考查动词。句意:但是这张表格的第七行直到现在都还没有完成。分析句子结构,可知句中the seventh row of the table作主语,句子为被动语态,结构为be done,空处谓语动词应为过去分词,结合首字母f和语境,可确定空处为finished。故填:finished。
     (6)four.考查数词。句意:在十二月份,国际理论与应用化学联合会的科学家发现了缺失的四个元素。根据下文They are elements 113,115,117 and 118,可知这是4个新发现的元素,结合首字母f和语境,可确定空处为four。故填:four。
    (7)value.考查名词。句意:对科学家来说,这比奥运金牌还有价值。分析句子结构,可知句中包含词组be of,其后应接抽象名词,表示具备某种特征,结合首字母v和语境,可确定空处为value,表示"价值"。故填:value。
    (8)labs.考查名词。句意:新元素是重金属,是在实验室里制造的。根据下文,可知这些元素在大自然中找不到,因此可推断前文表示是在实验室里制造的,结合首字母l和语境,空前没有不定冠词,可确定空处为复数labs。故填:labs。
    (9)prepare.考查动词。句意:现在他们准备寻找元素119和更多的元素。分析句子结构,可知will为情态动词,空处应为动词原形,结合首字母p和语境,可知空处应为prepare,表示"准备"。故填:prepare。
    (10)Chemistry.考查名词。句意:但是现在,当你看化学书的时候要小心,因为元素周期表可能过时了。分析句子结构,可知read后为某种书,结合the periodic table,可确定为化学书,结合首字母C和语境,可确定空处为hemistry。故填:Chemistry。
    【点评】通读全文,理解文章大意,紧密结合上下文判断句意,根据句意及首字母判断空格处词义,根据相关知识点写出词语的正确形式,完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
    2.(2022•盐都区一模)Dirty clothes,a face covered in mud,eyes full of pain and determination (决心).You can h(1) ardly imagine this is a pop idol.But it is!Yi Yangqianxi played soldier Wu Wanli in the film The Battle at Lake Changjin (《长津湖》).
        It's a story about the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea (1950﹣1953).D(2) uring the National Day holiday,the film's box office  reached 3 billion yuan.Yi's films have now earned more than 7 billion yuan at the box office,r(3) eported by Beijing News.
        "Everyone says he is good,but I didn't e(4) xpect him to be so good," actor Wu Jing said about Yi.He played Yi's older brother in the film. "He got hurt when acting.A ligament (韧带) was torn (断裂).But he kept going on w(5) ithout a word of complaint."
        Starting his career with the boy band TFBoys,Yi did not get lost as an idol.I(6) nstead ,he chose a different path:to be an actor.In 2018,he went to study at the Central Academy of Drama.Since then,he has focused on professional training.F(7) rom the sleeper hit Better Days to A Little Red Flower,Yi has won the p(8) raise of the viewers with his performance.
        "Yi can always touch the soul of the character,and then become him," said Han Yan,director of A Little Red Flower.
        "If you want to be a good actor,you need to see the role as the most important thing," Yi once said.During the eight﹣month filming of the film,for example,Yi r(9) efused almost all other shows or activities.He completely immersed (沉浸) himself in the character as a soldier.As Wu Jing said, "Yi's future will be boundless ." We have good r(10) easons to believe that.
     
    【考点】首字母阅读填空.
    【分析】本文主要讲了演员易烊千玺在演艺事业上的发展和人们对他的赞扬。
    【解答】(1)hardly.考查频度副词。结合句意,你____能想象这是一个流量明星,结合首字母,判断空格处词义为"几乎不"。故答案为hardly。
    (2)During.考查介词。结合句意,____国庆节假期,电影的票房达到了30亿元。结合首字母,判断空格处词义为"在……期间"。故答案为During。
    (3)reported.考查动词的过去分词。结合句意,易烊千玺的电影已经获得了70亿以上的票房,北京新闻_____,结合首字母,判断空格处词义为"报道",用动词的过去分词作状语。故答案为reported。
    (4)expect.考查动词原形。didn't后跟动词原形,结合句意,大家说他好,但是我没有____他这么好,结合首字母,判断空格处词义为"期待"。故答案为expect。
    (5)without.考查介词。结合句意,但是他继续前行_____任何抱怨,结合首字母,判断空格处词义为"没有"。故答案为without。
    (6)Instead.考查副词。结合句意,_____,他选择了不同的道理,结合首字母,判断空格处词义为"相反"。故答案为Instead。
    (7)From.考查介词。from...to为短语,句意:从出乎意料的《好日子》到《送你一朵小红花》,易烊千玺用表演赢得了观众的赞扬。故答案为From。
    (8)praise.考查名词。the为定冠词,后跟名词,结合句意,从出乎意料的《好日子》到《送你一朵小红花》,易烊千玺用表演赢得了观众的_____,结合首字母,判断空格处词义为"赞扬"。故答案为praise。
    (9)refused.考查动词的过去式。结合句意,在八个月的拍摄中,他几乎_____了其他的全部节目或活动,结合首字母,判断空格处词义为"拒绝",一般过去时中谓语动词用过去式。故答案为refused。
    (10)reasons.考查可数名词复数。结合句意,我们有好的____相信那一点,结合首字母,判断空格处词义为"理由",用可数名词复数表示类别。故答案为reasons。
    【点评】通读全文,理解文章大意,紧密结合上下文判断句意,根据句意及首字母判断空格处词义,根据相关知识点写出词语的正确形式,完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
    3.(2022•长宁区一模)How hard is to lean to read?The challenge is much greater for people with a kind of disease,dyslexia(阅读障碍症).Dyslexia is a reading problem that affects about one out of every ten people.
        Dyslexia has nothing to do with intelligence,but Dyslexics have a (1)h   ard time reading written words.When most children begin to read,they learn the sounds that make up words.Then they connect the sounds to letters and blend the sounds to make words.At last they can (2)r   ead words they've sounded out.But children with dyslexia have trouble remembering the sounds and the letters that go with them.
        (3)A   lthough dyslexia can't be cured,there are ways to help people with dyslexia learn to read.Students can work with a specially﹣trained teacher to learn how to remember sounds.They can practice how to (4)m   ove their mouths to make certain sounds.
        Another way to help is to give students stories to read,using a special font(字体).A font is a set of the letters of the alphabet,in a certain style.Christian Boer is a Dutch designer who created a special dyslexic﹣friendly font called "dyslexic." Christian has dyslexia,and he wanted to do something to make reading easier for people like him.He made each letter look different,so readers are (5)l   ess  likely to get confused.Christian has won awards for creating this font.
        Scientists are studying special dyslexic fonts to decide (6)w   hether  they really help people with dyslexia to read faster and more accurately.So far,the results are mixed.However,scientists are sure that careful font design is an important (7)s   tep  toward helping dyslexics meet their challenges.
    【考点】首字母阅读填空.
    【分析】本文介绍了阅读障碍症以及帮助阅读的方法。
    【解答】(1)hard.考查形容词。句意:阅读障碍症与智力无关,但阅读障碍症患者很难阅读书面文字。修饰名词time用形容词,结合首字母和句意用hard艰难的,故答案是hard。
    (2)read.考查动词。句意:最后,他们能读懂自己说出的单词。can后加动词原形,结合words和首字母用read阅读,故答案是read。
    (3)Although.考查连词。句意:虽然阅读障碍症无法治愈,但有一些方法可以帮助阅读障碍症患者学习阅读。结合句意表达的是转折关系,结合首字母用although虽然,故答案是Although。
    (4)move.考查动词。句意:他们可以练习如何动嘴巴发出特定的声音。结合their mouths to make certain sounds.和首字母用动词move移动,疑问词+to do做宾语,故答案是move。
    (5)less.考查比较级。句意:他让每封信看起来都不一样,所以读者不太可能感到困惑。结合句意用比较级less,故答案是less。
    (6)whether.考查连词。句意:科学家们正在研究特殊的阅读障碍字体,以确定它们是否真的能帮助患有阅读障碍的人更快更准确地阅读。结合句意和首字母用whether是否,故答案是whether。
    (7)step.考查名词。句意:然而,科学家们确信,仔细的字体设计是帮助阅读障碍者应对挑战的重要一步。结合首字母用名词step,结合an用单数,故答案是step。
    【点评】通读全文,理解文章大意,紧密结合上下文判断句意,根据句意及首字母判断空格处词义,根据相关知识点写出词语的正确形式,完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
    4.(2022•青浦区一模)Beethoven(贝多芬)is famous for his nine symphonies(交响乐).Before he died,he began a new symphony,but never f(1) inished  it.Computer  scientists  and  musicians  have  now  used  artificial intelligence(AI 人工智能)to complete his 10th Symphony.
        Beethoven was born over 250 years ago,yet his music is still played daily around the world.Beethoven  wrote  many  famous  pieces  of  music,especially  his  nine  symphonies.When Beethoven died in 1827,he had some ideas for a 10th  Symphony.But all that he left b(2) ehind were some notes about the piece and a few "sketches" ﹣ short bits of written music.
        In 2019,a special team of  musicians,computer scientists,and historians was  formed.Their  g(3) oal  is  to try  to complete Beethoven's  10th  Symphony  to celebrate his 250th  birthday.The   team didn't just want to complete the symphony,they wanted to come as close as possible to producing the symphony that Beethoven meant to write.That's where AI came in.
        To t(4) rain/each  an AI to help with the symphony,the team turned every piece of music that Beethoven ever wrote into a form the computer could understand.In this way,the AI could look for patterns in the way Beethoven wrote.
        Other members of the team studied Beethoven's notes and sketches,and worked to figure out what Beethoven was p(5) lanning/reparing to do.
        One early test told the team they were on the r(6) ight track.They took a few minutes of    music created by the AI based on Beethoven's sketches,and played it for Beethoven experts,musicians,and reporters.No one could tell which parts had been written by Beethoven and which parts the AI made up.
        It took the team over two years to complete Beethoven's 10th Symphony.Recently,it was performed for the first time ever by the Beethoven Orchestra in Bonn,Germany.
        So Beethoven now has a 10th Symphony.And t(7) hough Beethoven didn't write it all,the team feels sure that the music is very much like what he might have written.
    【考点】首字母阅读填空.
    【分析】本文讲述贝多芬他以九首交响乐而闻名,在他去世之前,他开始了一部新的交响乐,但从未完成。计算机科学家和音乐家现在已经使用人工智能完成了他的第十交响曲。
    【解答】(1)finished.考查动词。根据he died,he began a new symphony,but never f...it.,结合首字母,可知是finish"完成",根据began,可知时态为一般过去时,finish的过去式为"finished"。句意:在他去世之前,他开始了一部新的交响乐,但从未完成。故填finished。
    (2)behind.考查介词。根据前面提到的left,结合首字母,可知是leave behind"留下"。句意:但他留下的只是一些关于这首曲子的笔记和一些"草图"﹣﹣﹣一些短小的书面音乐。故填behind。
    (3)goal.考查名词。根据后面提到的to try  to complete Beethoven's  10th  Symphony,结合首字母,可知是goal"目标",这里特指他们完成贝多芬的第十交响曲,故用goal的单数形式。句意:他们的目标是完成贝多芬的第十交响曲,以庆祝他的250岁生日。故填goal。
    (4)train / teach.考查动词。根据后面提到的an AI to help with the symphony,结合首字母,可知是train / teach"训练/教授",to do sth为不定式,表示目的,故用train/teach的原形。句意:为了训练/教授人工智能帮助演奏交响乐,该团队将贝多芬创作的每一首音乐都转换成计算机可以理解的形式。故填train / teach。
    (5)planning / preparing.考查动词。根据前文介绍"团队的其他成员研究了贝多芬的笔记和草图",可知他们努力弄清楚贝多芬计划/准备做什么,结合首字母,可知是plan/ prepare"计划/准备",根据was,可知为过去进行时,其谓语动词形式为"was/were doing",plan/prepare的动词ing形式为"planning / preparing"。句意:团队的其他成员研究了贝多芬的笔记和草图,并努力弄清楚贝多芬计划/准备做什么。故填planning / preparing。
    (6)right.考查形容词。根据后面提到的"没人能分辨出哪些部分是贝多芬写的,哪些部分是人工智能组成的",结合首字母,可知是right"正确的",修饰名词track。句意:一次早期测试告诉团队,他们在正确的轨道上。故填right。
    (7)though.考查连词。根据后面提到的"但团队确信这首歌和他可能写的非常相似",结合首字母,可知是though"虽然",引导让步状语从句。句意:虽然贝多芬并没有写下所有的音乐,但团队确信这首歌和他可能写的非常相似。故填though。
    【点评】通读全文,理解文章大意,紧密结合上下文判断句意,根据句意及首字母判断空格处词义,根据相关知识点写出词语的正确形式,完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
    5.(2021•泰州模拟)Flow like the river of change
        Little stream ran down from a high mountain through many villages and forests. Then it reached a desert. "I went through so many d(1) ifficulties . I should have no problem crossing the desert," she thought. As she started, she found herself slowly disappearing into the sand. After many tries, she still failed. "Maybe I can't reach the ocean,'' she said sadly to h(2) erself .
        At this time,a deep voice said,"If a breeze(微风)can cross the desert,so c(3) an a river." It was the voice of the desert. But the little stream answered, "That's because a breeze can fly, but I cannot."
        "That's because you can't give up what you are. Let yourself evaporate(蒸发)into the breeze,and it can take you a(4) cross ." said the desert, "Give up what I am now? No!    No!" The little stream could not a(5) ccept this idea. "The breeze can carry the vapor(蒸汽)across  the desert and let it leave as r(6) ain . The rain will form a river again," said the desert."And whether you're a river or vapor, your nature never c(7) hanges ." Hearing this, the little stream went into the open arms of the breeze. It carried her to the next s(8) tage of her life.
        The course of our lives is like the  e(9) xperience of the little stream. If you want to go through difficulties in your life to head for s(10) uccess , you should also change the way you are.
    【考点】首字母阅读填空.
    【分析】本文讲述了小溪通过把自己变成水蒸气最终穿越了沙漠的哲理故事,告诉我们人生历程就像这一条小溪的经历一样,如果我们想穿越生活中的困难走向成功,我们也应该改变我们的生活方式。
    【解答】(1)difficulties.考查名词.根据句意"我经历了很多_____",由首字母d可推出此处用名词difficulty,表示"困难".由空前的修饰语many考虑此处填复数形式,故答案为difficulties.
    (2)herself.考查代词.根据句意"她伤心地对_____说",由首字母h可推出此处用反身代词herself,表示"她自己".故答案为herself.
    (3)can.考查动词.根据句意"如果微风能穿过沙漠,河流也_____",由首字母c可推出此处用情态动词can,表示"能".故答案为can.
    (4)across.考查介词.根据句意"让你自己蒸发在微风中,它会带你_____沙漠",由首字母a可推出此处用介词across,表示"穿过".故答案为across.
    (5)accept.考查动词.根据句意"这条小溪不能_____他的想法",由首字母a可推出此处用动词accept,表示"接受".由空前的could not考虑填动词原形,故答案为accept.
    (6)rain.考查名词.根据句意"微风可以把水汽带过沙漠,让它像_____一样落下",由首字母r可推出此处用名词rain,表示"雨".故答案为rain.
    (7)changes.考查动词.根据句意"不管你是一条河还是一股水蒸气,你的本性永远不会_____",由首字母c可推出此处用动词change,表示"改变".由本句为一般现在时态,主语your nature为第三人称单数,推断此处动词填第三人称单数形式,故答案为changes.
    (8)stage.考查名词.根据句意"它把她带到了人生的下一个_____",由首字母s可推出此处用名词stage,表示"阶段".故答案为stage.
    (9)experience.考查名词.根据句意"我们的人生历程就像这一条小溪的_____",由首字母e可推出此处用名词experience,表示"经历".故答案为experience.
    (10)success.考查名词.根据句意"如果你想穿越生活中的困难走向_____,你也应该改变你的生活方式",由首字母s可推出此处用名词success,表示"成功".故答案为success.
    【点评】首字母阅读填空题,先要通读全文,理解大意,运用语法和词汇知识,想出要填的词根,再根据上下文语境认真分析,并正确变换词形,方能正确答题.
    6.(2021•硚口区模拟)South African filmmaker Craig Foster was diving near where he grew up.One day,he came across her.A shy octopus(章鱼)was p(1) utting on a "suit" of shells.
        "What is she doing there?" Foster became interested in this magical animal.He visited her and f(2) ollowed her for two hours every day.For weeks,the octopus felt a(3) fraid and hid herself.Foster kept trying to win her h(4) eart .Finally,after 26 days,she reached out and touched him!
        Foster spent over a year studying her﹣ till the end of her s(5) hort life.He watched her learn,play and recover from injury.The filmmaker made the friendship between them into the documentary My Octopus Teacher.The film has become a h(6) it .
        In Foster's eyes,the octopus was a teacher.The man learned a lot from her.The greatest lesson she taught him was about our p(7) lace in nature.We humans are not just v(8) isitors to this planet.We are part of the natural world around us.As we get closer to our animal friends,we will find we are s(9) imilar to them in many ways.
        So talk to a dog or pat a cat.Watch how birds sing to make friends.On this amazing planet,we do have many wonderful n(10) eighbors !
    【考点】首字母阅读填空.
    【分析】本文主要讲了电影制作人Craig Foster在潜水时观察一只章鱼的短暂一生并且把它拍成电影的故事。
    【解答】(1)putting.考查动词的现在分词。结合句意,一只害羞的章鱼正在____贝壳的"西装",结合首字母,判断空格处词义为穿,put on意为穿,was后跟动词的现在分词构成过去进行时的谓语动词,故答案为putting。
    (2)followed.考查动词过去式。根据visited判断时态为一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式,结合上文,Foster became interested in this magical animal.可知福斯特对这只神奇的动物感兴趣,因此判断他每天跟着章鱼,因此判断空格处词义为跟随,故答案为followed。
    (3)afraid.考查形容词。felt为系动词,后跟形容词,结合上文,He visited her and followed her for two hours every day.可知每天他跟随她,因此判断章鱼有点害怕,故答案为afraid。
    (4)heart.考查名词。结合下文,Finally,after 26 days,she reached out and touched him!可知最后26天后,她出来了并且触摸他,因此判断福斯特一直尝试赢得她的心,故答案为heart。
    (5)short.考查形容词。结合句意,福斯特花了一年多时间研究她﹣﹣知道她_____生命的结束,结合首字母,判断空格处词义为短暂的,故答案为short。
    (6)hit.考查名词。a后跟可数名词单数,结合句意,这部电影引起了____,结合首字母,判断空格处词义为轰动,故答案为hit。
    (7)place.考查名词。our为形容词性物主代词,后跟名词,根据We are part of the natural world around us.可知我们是周围自然世界的一部分,因此判断章鱼教会他最大的一课就是有关人在自然中的位置,故答案为place。
    (8)visitors.考查可数名词复数。结合下文,We are part of the natural world around us.可知我们是周围自然世界的一部分,因此判断我们不只是这个星球的过客,故答案为visitors。
    (9)similar.考查形容词。are为系动词,后跟形容词,结合句意,当我们亲近动物朋友的时候,我们将会发现在很多方面我们是____,结合首字母,判断空格处词义为相似的,故答案为similar.
    (10)neighbors.考查可数名词复数。many后跟可数名词复数,结合上文,So talk to a dog or pat a cat.Watch how birds sing to make friends.所以和狗聊聊或者拍拍猫。看鸟类如何唱歌交朋友,因此判断在这个迷人的星球上,我们拥有很多不错的邻居,用可数名词复数表示,故答案为neighbors.
    【点评】通读全文,理解文章大意,紧密结合上下文判断句意,根据句意及首字母判断空格处词义,根据相关知识点写出词语的正确形式,完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
    7.(2022•普陀区一模)It was the last day for Teddy in the company.After he packed up all his personal belongings.he started back home,An old lady stood on the side of the road.He a (1) lmost  didn't see her.Even in the dim(微弱) light of day,he could see she was in trouble.Teddy stopped his car and got out,walked towards the old lady.
        Even with the smile on his face,she was w(2) orried .No one had stopped to help for the last hour or so.Was he going to hurt her?,He didn't look safe.
        He said,"I am here to help you,Madam.Why don't you wait in the car where it is warm?By the way,my name is Teddy"
        Well,all she had was a flat tire(爆胎),but for an old lady,that was bad enough.Teddy lay down,and moved under the car changing the tire.But he had to get d(3) irty and his hands hurt.
        As he was tightening up the lug nuts,she rolled down the window and began to talk to him.She told him that she was from St.Louis and was only just passing though.She was grateful for his help.
        Teddy just smiled as he finished the work.The lady asked how much she owed him.Any amount would be all right with her.She already i(4) magined all the awful things that might happen if he had not stopped.Teddy never thought about being paid.This was not a j (5) ob  to him.This was helping someone in need and God knows there were plenty who had given him a hand in the past.He had lived his whole life that way,and it never occurred to him to act any other way.
         He told her that if she really wanted to pay him back,the next time she saw someone who needed help,she could do him or her a favour w(6) ithout hesitation.Teddy added, "And think of me."
        He waited until she started her car and drove off.It had been a cold day and he had felt d(7) epressed just now.Now he felt good as he went home,disappearing into the twilight(暮色).
     
    【考点】首字母阅读填空.
    【分析】文章讲述了作者帮助一个女人换车胎,没有要钱,只是要求她以后也去帮助别人。
    【解答】(1)almost 考查副词。根据He...didn't see her.可知是指:他几乎没看见她。结合首字母,故填almost。
    (2)worried 考查形容词。根据No one had stopped to help for the last hour or so在过去的大约一个小时里,没有人停下来帮忙,可知她是很着急的,结合首字母,故填worried。
    (3)dirty 考查形容词。根据Teddy lay down,and moved under the car changing the tire.泰迪躺下,移动到车下换轮胎,可知他不得不弄脏自己。get dirty变脏。故填dirty。
    (4)imagined 考查动词。根据She already...all the awful things that might happen if he had not stopped,可知是指:我已经想到了如果他不停下来,可能会发生的所有可怕的事情。时态是一般过去时,结合首字母,故填imagined。
    (5)job 考查名词。根据This was not a...to him,可知是指:这不是他的工作,结合首字母,故填job。
    (6)without 考查介词。根据she could do him or her a favour...hesitation,可知是指:她可以毫不犹豫地帮他或她一个忙。without hesitation毫不犹豫的。结合首字母,故填without。
    (7)depressed 考查形容词。根据It had been a cold day and he had felt...just now,可知是指:刚才天气很冷,他感到很沮丧。结合首字母,故填depressed。
    【点评】首字母阅读填空,考查词汇积累,考生注意结合语境和词语用法填上适当的单词。
    8.(2021•东营模拟)阅读短文,根据短文内容及首字母提示,在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
        The mobile phone is a useful thing,but maybe I don't know (1)h  ow  to use it.Sometimes it makes things difficult for me.
        One day I wanted to see my friend nearby.I could(2)a  rrive  at his house in five minutes,but I looked at my mobile phone and thought(3)i  t  would be better to ring him up.I(4)r  ang  him for the first time,but the line was busy.Five minutes later,there was an answer,but it was the wrong number.
        Then I tried (5)a  gain  and this time I got an answer from him.
        I  asked him if he was at home in the afternoon.And he said﹣﹣at (6)l  east  I  thought he said—he would be at home all afternoon.So I went to his house,but then I found (7)n  obody  in.I called him for the fourth time.This time I got so angry that I (8)s  houted  ,"You are not at home?But you just told me over the telephone that you would be at home all afternoon!"
        Here (9)w  as his  answer,"No,I  said.  'I  will  NOT  be  at  home  all afternoon.'"
        I went back to my room,sat down in front of the mobile phone and looked at it.What (10)e  lse  could I do?Nothing!
    【考点】首字母阅读填空.
    【分析】文章提到了一个不会使用手机的人,他给朋友打电话,打了三次对方才接,之后对方告诉他一整个下午都不在家,但是他听成了一整个下午都在家,因此他就去了朋友家,结果发现根本就没有人在家。
    【解答】(1)how,考查疑问词辨析,use it使用它,首字母为h,由此可知是不知道如何使用,用how.故填how.
    (2)arrive,考查动词辨析,…his house in five minutes,他的家,5分钟之内,因为是想去看朋友,所以应该是到达朋友的家,arrive at表示到达,could后面用动词原形,故填arrive.
    (3)it,考查代词辨析,would be better to ring him up先给他打一个电话比较好,此处to ring him up做主语后置,表示给他打电话,此处用it来指代后面的不定式主语,故填it.
    (4)rang,考查动词辨析,for the first time第一次,前面提到给他打电话,由此可知此处表明的意是给他打电话,故事发生在过去,所以用过去时,故填rang.
    (5)again,考查副词辨析,this time I got an answer from him这一次他接电话了,第一次没打通,第二次打错了,所以用again表示再一次.故填again.
    (6)least,考查副词辨析,I thought he said我认为他会说,因为是我期望的,所以应该是我认为她至少会说他一整个下午有空,at least表示至少,故填least.
    (7)nobody,考查不定代词辨析,So I went to his house我去了他家,此处出现but,句意发生转折,由后文可知没人在家,故填nobody.
    (8)shouted,考查动词辨析,This time I got so angry这一次我很生气,由此推测是向对方大喊道,故事发生在过去,用一般过去时,故填shouted.
    (9)was,考查系动词辨析,No,I said:'I will NOT be at home all afternoon.'我一下午都不在家,由此可知这是对方的答案,由于故事发生在过去,所以用过去时,故填was.
    (10)else,考查副词辨析,could I do能做什么?因为现在是在家坐着没事可干,由此可知是在问自己还能做什么,填写else表示其他事情.故填else.
    【点评】本题题型为根据给定的首字母进行填空.在选择给定词语时,再考虑文章大意的前提下,还应该注意文章及句子所用的时态,以及所填写的词在句子中的位置。通过这些判断,适当改变词汇形式,以符合题目要求。
    9.(2021•广陵区校级二模)Like William Shakespeare,poet Du Fu has the same importance to Chinese literary tradition.To introduce the charm and beauty of (1)t  raditional Chinese literature to viewers around the world,a BBC documentary invited a famous British actor to read 15 of Du's poems that have been translated into English.
        The documentary (2)d  escribes  the poet's life experiences in detail.Born in 712,Du lived under the
    reign (统治) of the Tang Emperor Xuanzong (713﹣756),a (3)t  ime  which was marked by richness and cultural achievement.However,as the An Lushan Rebellion of 755 floored the empire,Du suffered a lot.Through (4)u  ps  and downs,the poet never stopped writing and about 1 ,500 poems have been kept over the ages.In these poems,he poured out his worries about (5)h  is country and people and the importance of celebrating the simple joys of life.
        Chinese people really value the recording of(6)h  istory and Du is best at recording history in his
    poetry.That's(7)b  ecause  historical events are mirrored (反映) in his own life and spiritual journey.
        Though he never had a high position in the government,Du cared about (8)c  ommon people.That's why he was(9)p  raised  as a Poet﹣Sage (诗圣) by later generations.A difficult life and his spirit of caring about the world helped him create so many works.
        Du is a cultural symbol of ancient China,but his works and spirits have also encouraged people (10)o  ut  China.As the documentary noted,his work represents a valuable cultural heritage for the whole world,not just China.
    【考点】首字母阅读填空.
    【分析】本文主要讲述了英国广播公司推出了时长近一个小时的纪录片《杜甫:中国最伟大的诗人》。杜甫其人其诗第一次以纪录片的方式,被详细介绍给西方世界。
    【解答】(1)traditional.考查形容词。根据句意可知,介绍中国传统文学的魅力和美,因此用形容词形式traditional。故答案为traditional。
    (2)describes.考查动词。根据句意:这部纪录片详细地描述了诗人的生活经历。因此用动词describe,主语为单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,因此填describes。故答案为describes。
    (3)time.考查名词。根据"the Tang Emperor Xuanzong (713﹣756)"可知,这是一个标志着富足和文化成就的时期,因此填time。故答案为time。
    (4)ups.考查名词。根据"and downs"可知,空格处填ups,ups and downs为固定搭配,意为"沉浮"。故答案为ups。
    (5)his.考查代词。根据句意可知,他倾诉了自己对国家和人民的担忧,主语是he,因此用形容词性物主代词his修饰country and people。故答案为his。
    (6)history.考查名词。根据句意:中国人真的很重视历史的记载,而杜甫最擅长在他的诗歌中记录历史。结合首字母可知,此处填history。故答案为history。
    (7)because.考查连词。根据句意:那是因为历史事件反映在他自己的生活和精神世界中。结合首字母可知,此处填because。故答案为because。
    (8)common.考查形容词。根据句意可知,杜甫关心普通百姓的疾苦,结合首字母可知,此处填common。故答案为common。
    (9)praised.考查动词。根据句意可知,这就是为什么他被称为"诗圣",结合首字母可知,用动词praise,与主语间形成动宾关系,空格前有was,因此填过去分词praised。故答案为praised。
    (10)out.考查介词。根据句意:杜甫是中国古代文化的象征,但他的作品和精神也激励着中国以外的人们。结合首字母可知填out。故答案为out。
    【点评】通读全文,理解文章大意,紧密结合上下文判断句意,根据句意及首字母判断空格处词义,根据相关知识点写出词语的正确形式,完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
    10.(2021•武汉模拟)Fourteen–year﹣old girl Zhang Li  was walking towards her home.Suddenly, a man stopped her and shouted, "Give me your money!"
        Zhang's hands were c(1) aught by the man.But in one quick movement, she took back her arms and started to scream for a(2) ttention .So the man ran away without g(3) etting any of her money.Zhang is a student from one school of Beijing. Her teacher Li Wei has started giving his students an u(4) nusual  lesson:self﹣protection.Luckily,Zhang had just learned how to escape from an attacker, a  p(5) erson  who plans to hurt someone.
        The school has t(6) aught self–protection for four years.During this time, about 5,000 students have learned how to protect t(7) hemselves .
        According to a new survey, students' s(8) afety  has become a big problem.Nearly 50% students say they are worried about robbery on the way to and from school.This school is not the only one to care about students' safety.Many other schools in China also have lessons like this.
        Student Ma Xiang said, "I learn how to save lives and most such courses tell students how to avoid dangerous s(9) ituations ." Students practice what to do if they are attacked by a bad man.
        They are taught how to save lives if someone is hurt.They also learn how to work together and b(10) uild team﹣spirit.
    【考点】首字母阅读填空.
    【分析】本文从中学生张丽身上发生的一件突发事件说起,说到中学生学习自我保护的重要性。
    【解答】(1)caught.考查动词。根据后边的短语by the man,以及首字母,可推测这句话的意思是"张丽的手被那个人抓住了",所以此处填写的应该是动词catch的过去分词caught。故答案为caught。
    (2)attention.考查名词。根据语境,我们可以猜测她大声尖叫scream,目的就是为了引起别人的注意,所以该词是attention,名词' '注意力"。故答案为attention。
    (3)getting.考查动名词。根据文章开头的句子give me your money可知,这个人抢劫张丽是为了钱,根据首字母确定单词应该是get,意思是"得到",放在介词without的后面,要用动名词的形式。故答案为getting。
    (4)unusual.考查形容词。根据空格后面self﹣protection可知,老师教的是不同寻常的课,因此填unusual。故答案为unusual。
    (5)person.考查名词。根据句子结构可以看出,逗号后面的内容是对前面的名词attacker进行解释,因此,首先应该定义attacker为"一个......的人",所以应该填写persson,意思是"计划伤害别人的人"。故答案为person。
    (6)taught.考查动词。根据首字母和句意可知,这句话的意思应该是"学校教学生自我保护已经四年了",因此此处的动词应该是"教",结合助动词has,要用teach的过去分词taught。故答案为taught。
    (7)themselves.考查反身代词。此处填写的是动词protect的宾语,根据句意结合首字母,再考虑句子的主语students可知,用反身代词themselves。故答案为themselves。
    (8)safety.考查名词。根据横线前边的名词所有格students',可知此处要填写名词,根据首字母再考虑文章的主题,可知这个单词应该是名词safety。故答案为safety。
    (9)situations.考查名词。根据句意:大多数这样的课程告诉学生如何避免危险情况,结合首字母应该是situation,此处situation为泛指,所以用复数形式。故答案为situations。
    【点评】首先对文章迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意,仔细阅读材料,结合要求确定单词,再用其适当形式填空,最后使文意通顺。
    11.(2021•武汉二模)The Book of Songs《诗歌集》,also known as Shi Jing,is the oldest exciting c(1) ollection  of Chinese poetry.Three years ago,when Chinese musician Fang Jinlong read Shi Jing,he was interested in the stories told t(2) hrough  the poems.Because he couldn't f(3) ully  understand the ancient Chinese language used in the poems,he turned to experts whose explanation further attracted him to explore the poems.
     Then he decided to describe the p(4) oems  with musical language by inviting composer (作曲家)Ma Jiuyue to create an album,which was titled Music and the Book of Songs.The album was released on Jan 18,featuring 10 original songs composed by Ma.They were p(5) erformed  by Fang and won great popularity.
     The songs from the album are based on 10 poems from Shi Jing,including Qiong Yao,which e(6) xpresss  gratitude to people who are eager to help others,Swallows,which sends farewell messages to friends and Jia Yu,which describes the s(7) cenes  of a joyful banquet (宴会).
        "Young people gave warm feedback about traditional Chinese music and they came to watch my performance,which i(8) nspired  me to create more works for them.It helps popularize traditional Chinese music" says Fang.
        "The 10 pieces sound e(9) njoyable  and easy.For the listeners,it's a fresh way to understand poems from Shi Jing.There are so many meanings in the poems and we want to show them as deep as p(10) ossible  with music.It's our mutual goal to have traditional Chinese music reach a wider audience," says Ma.
    【考点】首字母阅读填空.
    【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了中国音乐家方锦龙因对《诗经》故事感兴趣,决心用音乐的语言来描绘这些诗歌,于是邀请作曲家马久越创作专辑《音乐●诗经》。这10首原创歌曲深受观众的喜爱,有助于普及中国传统音乐。
    【解答】(1)collection.考查名词。句意:《诗歌》,又称《诗经》,是现存最古老的中国诗歌集。空格处由the oldest existing修饰,结合首字母可知,此处要用名词collection。故填collection。
    (2)through.考查介词。根据句意:他对通过诗歌讲述的故事很感兴趣。结合首字母可知填介词through。故填through。
    (3)fully.考查副词。句意:由于他不能完全理解诗中使用的古文,他求助于专家,专家的详细阐述进一步吸引了他对诗的探索。要用副词修饰动词couldn't understand,因此填 fully。故填fully。
    (4)poems.考查名词。根据:然后他决定通过邀请作曲家用音乐语言来描述这些诗。用可数名词poem,此处poem表示泛指,所以用复数形式poems。故填poems。
    (5)performed.考查动词。句意:这些歌曲由方锦龙演奏,深受观众欢迎。分析句子可知,主语为They,指歌曲,根据They与perform之间是动宾关系,空格前有were,因此填performed。故填performed。
    (6)express.考查动词。根据句意,此处表示"对......表示感激之情",结合首字母用动词express。故填express。
    (7)scenes.考查名词。根据句意,这描述了欢乐宴会的场景。根据首字母可知用名词scene,此处scene表示泛指,因此用复数形式。故填scenes。
    (8)inspired.考查动词。根据句意:年轻人对中国传统音乐给予了热情的反馈,他们来看我的表演,这激发了我为他们创造更多的作品。inspire sb to do sth为固定搭配,意为"激励某人做某事",此处以一般过去时叙事,因此填inspired。故填inspired。
    (9)enjoyable.考查形容词。句意:这10首曲子听起来轻松愉快。根据系动词sound可知此处要用形容词,作表语,因此填enjoyable。故填enjoyable。
    (10)possible.考查固定搭配。根据句子结构可知,此处为as...as possible固定用法,因此填possible。故填possible。
    【点评】做阅读填空题,首先应该阅读全文,了解全文大概的基础上,利用正确的形式填空,并最终确定正确答案。
    12.(2021•建邺区模拟)A great deal of creativity we find in Dunhuang goes through a thousand﹣year period. Dunhuang culture should be p(1) rotected because of its great influence.
        Once a m(2) ain stop on the ancient Silk Road, Dunhuang's art dated back to 1,650  years  ago.  Its  Mogao  Grottoes are h(3) ome to more than 2,000 colored sculptures and 45,000 square meters of murals (壁面).
        The painting  style of the  murals  changed o(4) ver the years, giving insight into life throughout the centuries. In addition to their artistic values, today the Dunhuang murals are w(5) idely considered as a treasure house  with  valuable  information about culture and social life in ancient China.
        Besides the achievement in visual art, Dunhuang is a witness to the mixture of different cultures. Some faces of these figures have rich shades to p(6) roduce a 3 D impression, a technique common in Indian and Western countries. The cultural exchanges between China  and  the  West  brought  p(7) eace and  also  helped  Dunhuang culture develop better.
        Looking back at this Dunhuang culture, we can really feel and experience the openness   and   exchange.   Dunhuang's culture was  f(8) ormed on   the   basis  of multi﹣cultural mixture. It shows China hopes for peace and wants to build a community of shared future a(9) s well.
        The culture of Dunhuang develops quickly in a remote desert.W(10) hat's more, it can also make our life more colourful. For example, last year, students from Dunhuang Middle School designed their school exercises based on the local flying dance, which was inspired by the Dunhuang murals.
    【考点】首字母阅读填空.
    【分析】本文主要介绍了敦煌壁画极高的影响力和艺术价值,以及敦煌文化在发展的同时,使我们的生活更加丰富多彩。
    【解答】(1)protected.考查动词。结合常识和句意,由于敦煌壁画极高的影响力和艺术价值,它们应该得到良好的保护,结合已给字母可知此处用protect,意为"保护",与主语之间为被动关系,前面有be,所以填protected。故答案为protected。
    (2)main.考查形容词。结合常识,句意为"敦煌曾经是古代丝绸之路上的重要一站",所以此处填形容词main,意为"主要的",a main stop意为"重要一站"。故答案为main。
    (3)home.考查名词。根据空格后"2000多件彩塑和45,000平方米的壁画"可知,此处考查be home to固定搭配,意为"是...的所在地"。故答案为home。
    (4)over.考查介词。根据空格前"The painting  style of the  murals  changed"可知,随着时间的流逝,壁画的绘画方式也发生着变化,所以此处填over,over the years意为"随着时间的流逝"。故答案为over。
    (5)widely.考查副词。 根据considered并结合首字母可知,空格处填widely,意为"广泛地",be widely considered as意为"被广泛认为",本句强调敦煌壁画的艺术价值。故答案为widely。
    (6)produce.考查动词。结合句意:这些雕像的人物面孔上都有着丰富的阴影,来塑造、产生一种3 D印象,可知,此处用"产生"符合题意,结合首字母可知,用produce,前面有to,所以用动词原形。故答案为produce。
    (7)peace.考查名词。 根据下一段"It shows China hopes for peace"并结合首字母可知,空格处填peace,意为"和平"。故答案为peace。
    (8)formed.考查动词。结合句意:敦煌文化是在这种多文化融合的基础上形成的。可知空格处用动词form,意为"形成",与主语间构成被动关系,结合前面was可知,空格处填过去分词formed。故答案为formed。
    (9)as.考查固定搭配。结合句意和首字母,此处填as,as well位于句末,意为"也"。故答案为as。
    (10)What's.考查固定搭配。通过句中also能够看出是递进关系,用What's more 表示"此外",目的是体现敦煌文化在快速发展的同时,它也让我们的日常生活更加丰富多彩,位于句首首字母大写。故答案为What's。
    【点评】快速阅读,了解文章大意,同时结合首字母以及语境进行分析归纳,最终得出正确答案。
    13.(2021•高邮市二模)It was a full moon.St.Clare decided to go into town and told Tom that he would be back soon.So Tom stayed home and thought of the (1)p   romise from his kind master﹣"I will let you be (2)f   ree ." He smiled and kept thinking,his small house and his family.He still could not believe it ﹣ ﹣ He was going to be a free man!What a beautiful(3)e   vening !But soon the cloud came over.
        While St Clare was walking into town,he saw some men fighting,who were all drunk,and it was going into a worse situation.He tried to(4)s   top  them.One of the men had a knife.When St.Clare tried to take it,the man wounded him.
        Tom was asleep when there was a rushing knock on the door and several men carried St Clare inside.He was unconscious (昏迷) because of the pain and the (5)l  oss  of blood.Tom hurried up to call the doctor.Miss Ophelia quickly prepared a bed and tried to wake St Clare.
        The doctor arrived and the look on his face said that there was no (6)h   ope .He cleaned and bandaged the wound,and said that St Clare needed to rest.
        St.Clare lay with his eyes half open,but it was evident that he struggled with painful thoughts.
        After a while,he laid his hand on Tom's,who was kneeling beside him,he said (7)w   eakly.  "Tom!Poor you!"
        "What,my kind master?" said Tom.
        St Clare held Tom's hand."I'm dying.Please pray for me!"
        "If you would like a clergyman(牧师)," ....said Tom.
        St.Clare shook his head,and said again, "Pray!"
        And Tom prayed with all his heart for the soul (灵魂) that was (8)l  eaving .When he finished,St.
    Clare looked at him and took his hand again.The black hand and the(9)w   hite one held each other with an equal clasp.Then he closed his eyes forever.
        Tears came down.Tom knew that St.Clare's death would make things very dangerous for him and the other slaves.Now they would belong to Marie,who was always cold,and things were going to be very (10)d   ifferent  from before.
        The sky got darker and darker and the moon was gone.
     
    【考点】首字母阅读填空.
    【分析】本文主要讲了汤姆在家等待主人克莱尔先生回来放他自由,而克莱尔先生在回来的路上遇到一些人在打架,他出面阻止,结果他也被打,不幸在回家后就死去了。
    【解答】(1)promise.考查名词。结合句意,于是汤姆待在家里,想着他好心的主人的_____,结合首字母,判断空格处词义为承诺,故答案为promise。
    (2)free.考查形容词。be为系动词,后跟形容词,结合下文,He was going to be a free man!可知他将变成自由人,据此判断主人承诺让他自由,故答案为free。
    (3)evening.考查名词。根据It was a full moon.可知一轮满月,据此判断这是一个美丽的晚上,故答案为evening。
    (4)stop.考查动词原形。tried to后跟动词原形,结合上文,While St Clare was walking into town,he saw some men fighting,who were all drunk,and it was going into a worse situation.可知一些人在打架,据此判断他试图去阻止他们,故答案为stop。
    (5)loss.考查名词。the为定冠词,后跟名词,结合句意,因为疼痛和____血他昏迷了,结合首字母,判断空格处词义为失去loss,故答案为loss。
    (6)hope.考查名词。no后跟名词,结合句意,医生来了,他脸上的表情在说没有____,结合首字母,判断空格处词义为希望hope,故答案为hope。
    (7)weakly.考查副词。say为实义动词,用副词修饰,结合句意,过了一会儿,他把手放在跪在他旁边的汤姆的手上,他____说,结合首字母,判断空格处词义为虚弱地weakly,故答案为weakly。
    (8)leaving.考查动词的现在分词。结合句意,汤姆全心全意地为即将____的灵魂祈祷,结合首字母,判断空格处词义为离去,was后跟动词的现在分词构成过去进行时的谓语动词表示将来,故答案为leaving。
    (9)white.考查形容词。one为代词,用形容词修饰,结合上文,When he finished,St.Clare looked at him and took his hand again.可知结束的时候,他们再次握手,据此判断黑色的手和白色的手紧紧握着,故答案为white。
    (10)different.考查形容词。be为系动词,后跟形容词,结合句意,现在他们将属于玛丽了,她总是很冷漠,事情将和以前_____,固定短语be different from表示不同于;和……不同。结合首字母,判断空格处词义为不同的。故答案为different。
    【点评】通读全文,理解文章大意,紧密结合上下文判断句意,根据句意及首字母判断空格处词义,根据相关知识点写出词语的正确形式,完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
    14.(2020•扬州一模)We all know everyone needs to sleep.No matter when and how much a person sleeps,he or she needs some sleep to stay (1)a live .That's what all doctors thought until they heard about Herpin.Someone said Herpin (2)n ever  slept in his life.Could this be true?The doctors decided to see this strange man themselves.
        Herpin was 90 years old when the doctors came to his home in New Jersey.They thought for sure that he got some (3)s leep  of some kind.So they stayed with him and (4)w atched  every movement he made.However,the result was very (5)s urprising .Though they watched him hour after hour and day after day,they never saw him sleeping.
        In fact,Herpin did not even own a (6)b ed .He never needed one.The only rest that Herpin sometimes got was (7)s itting  in a comfortable chair and reading newspapers.The doctors were puzzled by this strange continuous sleeplessness.They hoped to find out the real reason for it ,so they asked him many (8)q uestions .
        They found only one answer that might (9)e xplain  his condition.His mother had been injured several days before he was born.As a result,he came to the world a few days (10)e arlier .Was this the real reason?No one could be sure.
    【考点】首字母阅读填空.
    【分析】文章主要讲了每个人都需要睡眠来保持旺盛的精力,但是有一个人几乎不睡觉,他就是Herpin.科学家不相信,观察了几天这人确实不睡觉,他们不确定是不是因为他早产了几天.
    【解答】(1)alive,考查形容词;根据语境"不管一个人睡觉的时间和多少,他或她都需要一些睡眠来保持精力充沛的. "睡眠可让人精力充沛,首字母是a的形容词,根据语境可知填alive.
    (2)never,考查副词;根据语境"有人说Herpin一生都没有睡觉.这是真的吗? "从不绝不,以字母n 开头的单词是never,故答案是never.
    (3)sleep,考查名词;根据语境"他们肯定他睡了一点觉 "睡觉是get some sleep.故答案是名词sleep.
    (4)watched,考查动词;根据语境"所以他们和他呆在一起,看着他做的每一个动作 "观察,是watch,and连接两个动词,前后形式一致,故也应该用过去时态,故答案是watched
    (5)surprising,考查形容词;根据语境"尽管他们日以继夜地看着他,却从未见过他睡着 "所以,结果非常令人吃惊的.故答案是surprising.
    (6)bed,考查名词;根据语境" 事实上,Herpin甚至连床都没有."睡觉需要床,可推测出答案是bed.
    (7)sitting,考查动词;根据语境"HePin有时得到的唯一休息就是坐在舒适的椅子上看报纸. "此题缺少表语,动词ing 可以做表语,坐是sit,故答案是sitting.
    (8)questions,考查名词;根据语境"他们希望找出真正的原因,所以他们问了他许多个问题. "很多问题应该用复数形式,故答案是questions.
    (9)explain,考查动词;根据语境"他们发现只有一个答案可以解释他的情况. "解释是explain,might是情态动词,后面加动词原形,故答案是explain.
    (10)earlier,考查形容词;根据语境"结果,他早几天前来到这个世界. "更早的是比较级earlier.
    【点评】本题考查首字母阅读填空,在理解文章意思的基础上,结合语境,仔细分析,便可得出正确答案.
    15.(2018•南通)Part﹣time jobs are great for young people.They allow teenagers and young adults to gain a little job(1)e xperience  and make a bit of money too.Compared with other hobbies and activities,part﹣time jobs are healthier and better help teenagers(2)p repare  for adult life.Of course,for students,doing a part﹣time job should never be more important than(3)s tudying  for good grades.
        There are so many different part﹣time jobs for you to(4)c hoose  from.A few of the most common ones are restaurant waiters,store salesmen and park workers.These are all jobs that only need you to work(5)b etween  ten and twenty hours per week.Besides,they don't require much work experience.So you can learn how to do the job(6)e asily  while you are working.
        You can learn great lessons from a part﹣time job.Some are about how to work with others,some are about how to be on time and (7)o thers  are about how to work hard.These are all necessary lessons you will use later in life.A survey shows that the young adults who do not have part﹣time jobs are(8)l ess prepared for life than those who do.
        It is great to earn money for the first time from a part﹣time job.Then how do you usually (9)s ave  the money from a part﹣time job?It can be used to save for college education or favorite things.Maybe you will find it's harder to use money you made than that your parents gave you!Yet it can right teach you the(10)v alue  of money.
    【考点】首字母阅读填空.
    【分析】这是一篇日常生活类阅读,本文主要讲述了兼职工作对年轻人是有很多好处的,现在社会上能提供的兼职工作有很多,兼职工作不仅健康还能让年轻人学到很多东西,最终还能挣到钱.
    【解答】(1)experience.考查名词;句意"它们允许青少年和年轻人获得一点工作___,赚一点钱".根据首字母提示,可知,应该是"经验".填不可数名词experience,
    (2)prepare.考查动词;句意"更好地帮助青少年为成人生活__".根据首字母提示,可知,应该是prepare for为…做准备.help sb do sth帮助某人做某事.填动词原形prepare.
    (3)studying.考查动词;考查动名词.句意"对学生来说,做兼职不应该比__成绩好更重要".根据首字母提示,可知,应该是"学习".由doing动名词.可知,填study的动名词studying.
    (4)choose.考查动词;句意"有很多不同的兼职工作供你从它们之中__".根据首字母提示,可知,应该是"选择".不定式to后用动词原形choose.
    (5)between.考查动介词;句意"这些都是只需要你每周工作十到二十小时__的工作".根据首字母提示, 可知,between…and…"在…和…之间".填between.
    (6)easily.考查副词;句意"所以你可以在工作的时候学会如何__做这项工作".根据上一句they don't require much work experience它们不需要太多的工作经验.及首字母提示,可知,应该是"轻松地".修饰动词do.用副词easily.
    (7)others.考查代词;句意"一些是关于如何准时的,___是关于如何努力工作的".根据首字母提示,可知,应该是"其它的".做主语.用代词others.
    (8)less.考查形容词;句意"没有兼职工作的年轻人比那些从事兼职工作的人生活是__准备的".根据than比.及首字母提示,可知,两者比较,应该是"更少"准备的(准备不足).这里是prepared的比较级less prepared.填less.
    (9)save.考查动词;句意"那么,你通常如何从兼职工作中__钱呢?".根据下一句It can be used to save for college education or favorite things这些钱可以被用于储蓄大学教育的费用或买喜爱的东西.及首字母提示,可知,应该是"储蓄".特殊疑问句,谓语动词用原形save.
    (10)value.考查名词;句意"但它能正确地告诉你金钱的__.".根据上一句Maybe you will find it's harder to use money you made than that your parents gave you也许你会发现用你挣的钱比你父母给你的钱更难.及首字母提示,可知,应该是"价值".这里填不可数名词value.
    【点评】此题考查首字母阅读填空,在理解文章意思基础上,结合前后句,仔细分析时态、人称、词性、固定搭配等,运用正确形式,得出正确答案.

    考点卡片
    1.首字母阅读填空
    【考查能力介绍】
    ①首字母阅读填空常要求考生根据短文意思和所提供的首字母,写出一个完整、正确由能使短文通顺的单词.
    ②首字母阅读填空考查范围极广,是完型填空式中考试卷中最难的题型,最能测量考生实际运用语言的能力.它要求考生要有较强的语感,善于体会上下文的内在联系,还要有扎实的语言知识储备和较大的词汇量.
    ③该题的考查重点是名词、动词、形容词、副词和代词这几大词类.
    【解题方法点拨】
    做首字母阅读填空题,我们需要在自身知识积累足够的基础上,掌握一定的方法,以便快速准确地答题.
    ①通读全文,跳过空格,了解全文大意;
    ②结合所给首字母,综合考虑,初步确定答案;
    ③仔细推敲,注意词形的变化,从词法、句法、惯用法等方面考虑答案的准确性;
    ④复读全文,确保填入的词既能使句意通顺,又能做到语法、用词搭配的正确,避免不必要的失分.
    解题步骤(以题为例)
    Once, there was a little grey planet. People living on it hadn't looked after it well.(1)A____ they had excellent inventions and spaceships beyond our imagination, they made the planet(2)f____ of rubbish and pollution. As a result there were no plants or(3)a____ left.
    One day, a little boy was walking on the(4)p____. When he passed a cave(山洞), he noticed a small red(5)f____ in it. The flower was sick and almost dying. The boy(6)d____ it out carefully with its root and some soil. Then he tried to find somewhere to plant it, but he failed. He looked up in the sky and he found the(7)m____. He thought the flower might grow(8)w____ on the moon. So he climbed into a spaceship with the flower and(9)f____ to the moon. He grew the flower on the moon and took care of it every day. Soon the flowers spread all over the moon and the moon was(10)c____ with red flowers.
    When all the flowers come out, the moon looks(11)____, like a warning light. If we don't look(12)a____ our earth carefully, the day will come when flowers will only be able to grow on the moon.
    这是2018年咸宁的最新中考题,解题时要先通读全文,可以根据语境推知:(1)以首字母A开头的复合句前后是转折关系,应该用连词Although;(2)考查固定搭配,be full of;(3)以a开头和plants(植物)并列,很容易就能联想到是说动物,根据plants可知要用复数形式,animals;(4)(5)(7)(11)需要联系上下文从文中寻得答案,是送分题;(6)可根据语境得知是要挖出花儿,用动词dig,涉及到动词就需要考虑时态,上下文都是一般过去时,这里也需要用过去式dug;(8)以w开头用以修饰动词grow的,根据语境可知要用well;(9)根据提示词spaceship和首字母f可知应该是要飞向月球,同样用过去式flew;(10)根据spread all over the moon可以知道月球上被红花所覆盖,用固定搭配be covered with;(11)根据语境和首字母a可知此处要用after来组成词组look after.题目做完之后,把答案代入题中凭语感就可判断处答案正确与否.
    【中考命题方向】
    首字母填空类短文题是近几年各省、市题经常采用的题型之一.从近几年的考题来看,首字母填空题所考查的单词涉及的词性范围较广,各大词类几乎都有涉及.所设文章短小、精致,体裁不一,题材丰富,内容通俗易懂,与现代生活紧密相关,可读性、趣味性强,符合初中生的认知特点.

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