2022年中考英语复习之挑战压轴题（阅读理解）：选句补全短文（含答案）

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2022年中考英语复习之挑战压轴题（阅读理解）：选句补全短文
一．选句补全短文（共10小题）
1．（2020•成都）
Close friends，think alike？
    "What!You，too？I believed I was the only one． "Have you ever said something like this to someone？（1）　   　
    It seems that similarity often helps form friendship．The Greek thinker Aristotle once said， "People regard friendship as a matter of similarity；they say that we love those who are like ourselves．"（2）　   　 Scientists from University of California said friends have similar behaviors，Scientific American reported．
    The scientists invited 42 university students to take part in a test．Each student watched the same set of videos，which included a comedy，a discussion and a soccer match． （3）　   　According to their scans，friends who watched the same video reacted in similar ways．Similar parts of their brains lit up while watching the videos，especially parts that are connected with motivation（动机），learning and memory．（4）　   　
    "Seeing one's friends have similar behaviors will reinforce（强化）one's own values，opinions，and interests， "lead scientist Carolyn Parkinson told Business Insider．（5）　   　 Scientists from the University of Leipzig，Germany，found that friendship is also based on how physically close you are to someone．The scientists did a test with first﹣year college students the first time they met in class．In this test，students who sat in neighboring seats were more likely to become friends．
 
A．Now，there is some science behind this idea．
B．If so，you may have ended up becoming friends with this person．
C．Friends share a lot of similarities，though there are some differences．
D．But brain similarity is not the only thing that can result in friendship．
E．However，people who weren't friends had different reactions to the same videos．
F．At the same time，scientists scanned their brains and recorded their brain activity．
2．（2021•济南模拟）Some believe that people are either smart or dumb． And if they are smart， everything is easy for them． （1）　   　 But they can improve the skills they have and develop new ones． What's your opinion？
    In fact， this is related to one's mindset （思维模式）． Dr． Carol Dweck， a psychology （心理学）professor at Stanford University， has discovered that people with a fixed mindset solve problems in
a much different way from those with a growth mindset．
    Dr． Dweck found people with a fixed mindset care about grades． When they make mistakes，
they think it means they're not smart． （2）　   　 They're afraid of challenges，
because if they don't do well， they may look dumb． People with a growth mindset， on the other
hand， care about learning， not grades． They learn from mistakes by trying different ways to solve
problems or asking for help．
    （3）．　   　 They discovered that students with a growth mindset do better in
math； those with a fixed mindset do worse． Why？ Kids with both mindsets do well in primary
school， but middle school math is much harder． So while the growth﹣mindset kids embrace （拥抱）
the challenge and work harder， the fixed﹣mindset kids may just give up．（4）　   　
    But Dweck's team discovered something even more important than that． They found that， with
some work， kids can choose to have a growth mindset and do better in school． Everyone has some
of each type of mindset． （5）　   　When you hear your fixed mindset voice
telling you that you're dumb， or that you'll look stupid if you ask for help， or that learning a new
skill is hard， talk back to it! Then you really can get smarter by working hard， practicing and
challenging yourself!
A． Some people believe that everyone in the world is smart．
B． As a result， their grades drop．
C． They also care about how smart they look．
D． Some hold the belief that not everyone can become a genius（天才）．
E． Dweck's team found fixed﹣mindset kids can't do well in primary school．
F． They are just like two kinds of voices in your head．
G． Dweck and her team did a research among middle school students．
 
3．（2018•枣阳市模拟）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有一项为多余选项．
    Nowadays， the food that you buy comes from many different countries． Have a look in your fridge， cupboard， and fruit bowl and check the origins （来源） of the food． Perhaps there are apples from California， lamb from New Zealand， or potatoes from Egypt？（1）　   　 This journey， from "field to plate"， is called "food miles"． （2）　   　Nowadays， food often travels thousands of miles to get to the consumer （消费者）． Why is this， and what are the effects of these long distances？
    Traditionally， farmers sold their food in the local market， so the food didn't have to travel very far． The consumers also did not travel very far because they went to their local market to buy the food． This was a good system for farmers and consumers．（3）　   　 For example， consumers could only buy food that farmers produced locally． In addition， they could only get food that was in season． Now， because of modern technology， food comes from all over the world．（4）　   　 They are available in winter if we want．
    （5）　   　 This is because they have difficult climates（气候）． The United Arab Emirates（UAE），for example， gets 85% of its food from other countries． Even food made in the UAE often uses imported materials．
A．However， there were some disadvantages．
B．You will probably be surprised how far food travels to get to your plate．
C．Some countries have to import （进口） most of their food．
D．What's wrong with "food miles"？
E．We do not have to wait for spring or summer to buy strawberries or tomatoes．
F．A food mile is the distance that food travels from the farmer's field to the person who buys the food．
4．（2021•兰州模拟）Earthquakes usually come without warning．What should you do if this happens to you？An earthquake is dangerous，but there are still things you can do to protect yourself．
Stay calm as the earth begins to shake．Your chances of survival（幸存；存活）in an earthquake go up if you can keep calm．）46）　   　
（47）　   　You need to have something strong around you to protect you from falling objects．Do not stand near walls or windows and stay out of the kitchen．The I
kitchen is dangerous because of many glass objects．
（48）　   　Stay away from buildings and trees．If you are in a car，pull over to a place where there are no trees or tall buildings and stay in the car．If you are close to the sea，try to get as far away from the water as possible．Earthquakes can cause huge waves that can really harm the people nearby．
（49）　   　For example，gas fire often comes with an earthquake．If you see a fire，quickly move outdoors to an open area．
Remember to always hope for the best but prepare I for the worst．
阅读以上短文，从文后方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使文意通顺、正确；根据短文内容回答第50小题．
A．If you are outside，get to an open area as fast as you can．
B．Staying calm is not easy，but it can save your life．
C．If you are inside when the earthquake starts，get under a table or a bed．
D．When the earthquake is over，there is still plenty on danger．
50．What is the passage mainly about？　   　
A．The ways to protect yourself when an earthquake happens．
B．The ways to stay away from tall buildings．
C．The ways to stay calm．
D．The ways to move outdoors to an open area．
5．（2021•吉林三模）Dear daughter，
    You are a wonderful person and your mother and I love you.It will not be long before you leave home to make your way in the world.Can I please give you some friendly advice？Here are some things that you should never do.
    （1）　   　
    You are great and able to achieve great things so believe in yourself.When things go badly，never stop believing.Some girls get upset and lose confidence（自信）.And then all kinds of problems can follow.
    （2）　   　
    We think you look great.Please be happy with the person you are and the body you have.Eat well，take exercise and be healthy.Some girls become upset because they try to lose weight or get the perfect shape.You look fine.
    （3）　   　
    Never spend money more than your income（收入） and save a little every month.Don't borrow other's money if possible.
    （4）　   　
    We are very proud of what you have succeeded so far.You should be proud，too.Keep doing well.Keep trying your hardest at everything you do.No one can ask for more than that.
    （5）　   　
    Whatever happens in life，your family will still be your family.Whatever difficulties you have，you can always talk to us and we will try to help.We are here for you.
 
（a）根据短文内容从方框中选出相匹配的选项。
A.Never Get Upset With Your Looks.
B.Never Forget That Your Parents Love You.
C.Never Look Down Upon Yourself.
D.Never Give Less Than Your Best.
E.Never Spend Money More Than Your Income.
（b）根据短文内容，补全下面的语段，每空一词。
    A father gives his friendly advice to his daughter.You are great and able to make your dreams （1）　   　true.Be （2）　   　with the person you are and the body you have.Never spend more money than your income and save a（3）　   　every month!
    Try your （4）　   　 at everything you do.No matter （5）　   　 happens in life，your family will still be your family.
6．（2021•船营区模拟）Are you shy？ If you are， you are not alone. In fact， close to 50 percent of people are shy. Almost 80 percent of people feel shy at some point in their lives. Now， scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy.
    （1）　   　Is it possible to be born shy？ Many scientists say yes. They say 15 to 20 percent of babies behave shyly. These babies are a little quieter and more watchful（警觉的） than other babies. Interestingly， these shy babies usually have shy parents.
    （2）　   　Scientists at Harvard University found that more than 50 percent of the shy people had brothers and sisters. It might because they got less attention from their parents.
    （3）　   　When scientists studied shyness in different countries. They found surprising differences. In Japan， most people said they were shy. But in Israel， only one of three people said so. It might because Japanese and Israelis have different opinions of failure （失败）. In Japan， when people do not succeed， they blame （责备） themselves， while Israelis often blame failure on outside reasons， such as family， friends， or bad luck.
    （4）　   　For shy people， it can be difficult to make friends， speak in class and find a job. You could lose things and the opportunities you would enjoy.
    （5）　   　But scientists say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing conversations. Preparing things to talk about before you're in a social situation is also a good way to reduce shyness.
 
（a）根据短文内容，从方框中选出每段的主旨大意。
A. Ways to overcome your shyness.
B. Some shyness is genetic（遗传的）.
C. The disadvantages of being shy.
D. Family size might cause people to be shy.
E. The place where you were born may make you shy.
（b）根据短文内容，补全下面的语段，每空一词。
Shyness
 
    Shyness is very common among people. These days， scientists are becoming interested （1）　   　shyness. They try to find out the reason why some people are shy.
    Many scientists believe that shyness is genetic because they find some babies are （2）　   　to be shy. Moreover， scientists at Harvard University find that family（3）　   　can cause a person to be shy， for （4）　   　fifty percent shy people have brothers and sisters. When scientists study shyness in different places， it turns out that the place where a person is born may make a person shy.
    Being shy has many disadvantages. You may lose the things you like and opportunities. But don't worry. Scientists also suggest some ways to（5）　   　shyness.
7．（2021•长沙模拟）In 2020， the 109，000 residential （住宅的） fires in China caused more than 500 injuries and 900 deaths. You can prevent fire﹣related deaths and injuries， and even most residential fires by knowing about fire safety. （1）　   　
    Fire safety escape plan
    A fire safety escape plan tells everyone what to do if your home catches fire. Your family needs to design an escape plan for your home. （2）　   　
    When you discuss with your family， it is a good idea to talk about each person's responsibilities in case of a fire， such as who helps whom out of the house.
    Fire safety and kids
    （3）　   　Children cause thousands of residential fires each year， most of which are caused by children playing with matches. You need to teach your children to obey the following fire safety rules： （4）　   　
    Always have an adult's help when cooking.Always STOP， DROP， and ROLL， if you or your clothes catch fire.
    Fire safety and your home
    Electrical fires are the most common type of residential fires in China. Electric heaters and clothes dryers are responsible for most of residential electrical fires. If a fire happens， shut off the electricity， put out small fires with your home fire extinguisher（灭火器）. Do not put water on electrical fires.（5）　   　 Call 119 and report the fire.
 
A. Never play with matches or lighters
B. Fire safety education begins with children
C. Do not try to deal with large fires by yourself
D.The escape plan needs to be known by everyone in your family
E.Protect you and your family by making an escape plan and learning fire safety.
8．（2021•永定区模拟）阅读短文，从A﹣E五个句子中选择正确选项还原到文中，使短文内容完整正确．
A couple of years ago，I went to Australia for a meeting with my friend，Chris．We decided to drive across country to Brisbane after the meeting ended．The drive was going to take four days and most of it was across the desert，（96）　   　．The first day was a lot of fun as we were excited and laughing at each other's stupid jokes．By the third day of driving in the seemingly endless desert，we began to get bored．We had been quiet for a few hours when in the distance Chris found some kangaroos．We were both excited and decided to get a closer look．（97）　   　We got closer and closer，and Chris was doing 110 kilometers per hour．We were very close to the kangaroos﹣too close﹣when we heard a loud BANG!
Chris stopped the car and we got out．Behind the car was a larger kangaroo lying completely still on the ground．（98）　   　He took off his sunglasses and put them on the kangaroo and did the same with his jacket．Then，he put his arm around the kangaroo and told me to take a photo of them together．（99）　   　While I was focusing the camera，I saw the kangaroo move．It suddenly woke up，looked at Chris，and jumped away into the distance before we could do anything．
I started laughing but Chris looked very serious．（100）　   　I started laughing even harder．I stopped laughing，however，when he said that our car keys were also in the jacket!
A．I was still surprised，but I took out my camera
B．He said his wallet and passport were in the jacket．
C．In order to get there in three days，we drove very fast．
D．so we had to take food，water，and extra gas with us．
E．Chris went over to the kangaroo and put his baseball cap on its head．
9．（2020•工业园区二模）Do you want to be happier？ Well， you can do something about it． Some psychologists（心理学家）believe that 10% of your happiness is due to life conditions and 40% is the result of your own choices． Your own choices include how you manage your time at school， your relationships， your friends， your activities and your health． So you have a lot of control over how happy you feel． （1）　   　  Here are some tips on how to do that．
    Surround yourself with positive（积极的）people． Spend time with positive people and your ideas will become active． On the other hand， good friends will encourage， support， and lift you up when you're down． （2）　   　  That's also true for the people that we work with．
    Don't try to be perfect． Remember that nothing can ever be perfect． （3）　   　  Instead think about what you already have． Think about what you've already done． Think of where you are today as a step towards tomorrow． Don't try to be perfect， just try to do things well﹣with excellence．
    Focus on now． Don't think about all the things that can go wrong， like failing at school or your friend leaving you． Thinking like this only results in worry and stress， which is a waste of time and energy． （4）　   　 Just worry about making today great， because the best way to be happy is just to enjoy each day．
    Compare yourself to yourself， not to other people． There will always be someone smarter， or richer， or better looking or more successful than you． There will always be someone with a bigger house and a bigger boat than you． Someone will always have more． Rather， look at what you have got and who you are， accept and value that． Work toward being a better one than you were last month or last year． （5）　   　 And you will feel a lot happier with， and about yourself．
 
A． They see the best in you， and that helps you see the best in yourself．
B． That way you will be pleased with the progress that you are making．
C． The key is to take control by making choices and developing habits that make you happier．
D． You can control how happy you are， since giving always makes you feel happier．
E． If you can't control tomorrow， don't worry about tomorrow．
F． If you aim for perfection all the time， you will never be satisfied or happy．
G． Your relationship with your parents doesn't have to be perfect before you can be happy
10．（2020•西陵区模拟）
A． many people had to change their plans for returning to Wuhan
B． the pets were left at home by their owners
C． Du released （发布） a notice on the social media platform （社交平台）
D． he had to change his plans
E． their pets had enough food and water
Du Fan planned to go to Harbin during the Spring Festival holiday． He dreamed about going there to enjoy the beautiful winter scenery （风景）． However， （1）　   　．
    On January 23，the city of Wuhan was locked down（被封锁）to control the spread of the COVID﹣19（新冠肺炎）．There was a serious problem ﹣ （2）　   　．
    According to Du， many pet owners planned to return to Wuhan after the Spring Festival holiday． They just prepared a week's food and water for their pets．
    On January 26， （3）　   　． The notice said that they would offer help to people with their pets during the pneumonia （肺炎） control．
    "If we didn't help， many animals would die，" says Du．"We've received over 2，000 messages asking for help．Because of the pneumonia， （4）　   　．" Du adds that they helped different kinds of pets， like cats， dogs and fish．
    "We also sent some videos to the pet owners and they were happy to see their pets in them． They showed their thanks after learning that（5）　   　，" Du says． "Not just people are going through hard times． Animals are also in trouble． We are glad to offer some help．"

2022年中考英语复习之挑战压轴题（阅读理解）：选句补全短文（10题）
参考答案与试题解析
一．选句补全短文（共10小题）
1．（2020•成都）
Close friends，think alike？
    "What!You，too？I believed I was the only one． "Have you ever said something like this to someone？（1）　B　
    It seems that similarity often helps form friendship．The Greek thinker Aristotle once said， "People regard friendship as a matter of similarity；they say that we love those who are like ourselves．"（2）　A　 Scientists from University of California said friends have similar behaviors，Scientific American reported．
    The scientists invited 42 university students to take part in a test．Each student watched the same set of videos，which included a comedy，a discussion and a soccer match． （3）　F　According to their scans，friends who watched the same video reacted in similar ways．Similar parts of their brains lit up while watching the videos，especially parts that are connected with motivation（动机），learning and memory．（4）　E　
    "Seeing one's friends have similar behaviors will reinforce（强化）one's own values，opinions，and interests， "lead scientist Carolyn Parkinson told Business Insider．（5）　D　 Scientists from the University of Leipzig，Germany，found that friendship is also based on how physically close you are to someone．The scientists did a test with first﹣year college students the first time they met in class．In this test，students who sat in neighboring seats were more likely to become friends．
 
A．Now，there is some science behind this idea．
B．If so，you may have ended up becoming friends with this person．
C．Friends share a lot of similarities，though there are some differences．
D．But brain similarity is not the only thing that can result in friendship．
E．However，people who weren't friends had different reactions to the same videos．
F．At the same time，scientists scanned their brains and recorded their brain activity．
【考点】选句补全短文．
【分析】短文讲了人们认为相似性有助于友谊的形成，详细地介绍了人们做的一些试验和得出的结论．
【解答】细节推理题．
（1）B．根据前句"What!You，too？I believed I was the only one． "Have you ever said something like this to someone？"可知说的是和朋友说的话，结合选项，应说如果是这样的话，你可能最终和这个人成为了朋友．故选B．
（2）A．根据后句"Scientists from University of California said friends have similar behaviors，Scientific American reported．"可知说的是科学依据，结合选项，应说现在，这个想法背后有一些科学依据．故选A．
（3）F．根据后句"According to their scans，friends who watched the same video reacted in similar ways．Similar parts of their brains lit up while watching the videos，especially parts that are connected with motivation（动机），learning and memory．"可知说的是扫描大脑，结合选项，应说与此同时，科学家扫描了他们的大脑并记录了他们的大脑活动．故选F．
（4）E．根据前句" Similar parts of their brains lit up while watching the videos，especially parts that are connected with motivation（动机），learning and memory．"可知说的是大脑的反应，结合选项，应说然而，那些不是朋友的人对同样的视频有不同的反应．故选E．
（5）D．根据后句"Scientists from the University of Leipzig，Germany，found that friendship is also based on how physically close you are to someone．The scientists did a test with first﹣year college students the first time they met in class．"可知说的是其它因素，结合选项，应说但是大脑的相似性并不是导致友谊的唯一因素．故选D．
【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案．
2．（2021•济南模拟）Some believe that people are either smart or dumb． And if they are smart， everything is easy for them． （1）　D　 But they can improve the skills they have and develop new ones． What's your opinion？
    In fact， this is related to one's mindset （思维模式）． Dr． Carol Dweck， a psychology （心理学）professor at Stanford University， has discovered that people with a fixed mindset solve problems in
a much different way from those with a growth mindset．
    Dr． Dweck found people with a fixed mindset care about grades． When they make mistakes，
they think it means they're not smart． （2）　C　 They're afraid of challenges，
because if they don't do well， they may look dumb． People with a growth mindset， on the other
hand， care about learning， not grades． They learn from mistakes by trying different ways to solve
problems or asking for help．
    （3）．　G　 They discovered that students with a growth mindset do better in
math； those with a fixed mindset do worse． Why？ Kids with both mindsets do well in primary
school， but middle school math is much harder． So while the growth﹣mindset kids embrace （拥抱）
the challenge and work harder， the fixed﹣mindset kids may just give up．（4）　B　
    But Dweck's team discovered something even more important than that． They found that， with
some work， kids can choose to have a growth mindset and do better in school． Everyone has some
of each type of mindset． （5）　F　When you hear your fixed mindset voice
telling you that you're dumb， or that you'll look stupid if you ask for help， or that learning a new
skill is hard， talk back to it! Then you really can get smarter by working hard， practicing and
challenging yourself!
A． Some people believe that everyone in the world is smart．
B． As a result， their grades drop．
C． They also care about how smart they look．
D． Some hold the belief that not everyone can become a genius（天才）．
E． Dweck's team found fixed﹣mindset kids can't do well in primary school．
F． They are just like two kinds of voices in your head．
G． Dweck and her team did a research among middle school students．
 
【考点】选句补全短文．
【分析】短文讲了有些人认为人要么聪明，要么愚蠢，短文做了一个调查，并告诉我们如何调整好心态．
【解答】1．D 细节推理题．根据前句Some believe that people are either smart or dumb． And if they are smart， everything is easy for them．有些人认为人要么聪明，要么愚蠢．如果他们聪明，一切都很容易．和后句But they can improve the skills they have and develop new ones．但他们可以提高现有的技能，开发新的技能．可知结合选项，应说有些人认为不是每个人都能成为天才．故选D．
2．C 细节推理题．根据前句When they make mistakes，they think it means they're not smart．当他们犯错误时，他们认为这意味着他们不聪明．和后句They're afraid of challenges，because if they don't do well， they may look dumb．他们害怕挑战，因为如果他们做得不好，他们可能看起来很傻．可知结合选项，应说他们也关心自己看上去有多聪明．故选C．
3．G 细节推理题．根据后句They discovered that students with a growth mindset do better in math； those with a fixed mindset do worse．他们发现，成长型思维的学生在数学上做得更好；固定心态的学生更差．可知结合选项，应说Dweck和她的团队对中学生进行了研究．故选G．
4．B 细节推理题．根据前句So while the growth﹣mindset kids embrace （拥抱）the challenge and work harder， the fixed﹣mindset kids may just give up．因此，当有成长意识的孩子接受挑战并更加努力地工作时，有固定思维的孩子可能会放弃．可知结合选项，应说结果，他们的成绩下降了．故选B．
5．F 细节推理题．根据后句When you hear your fixed mindset voice telling you that you're dumb， or that you'll look stupid if you ask for help， or that learning a new skill is hard， talk back to it!当你听到你固定的心态告诉你你很笨，或者如果你请求帮助你会看起来很愚蠢，或者学习一种新的技能是困难的，请回过头来．可知结合选项，应说它们就像你脑海里的两种声音．故选F．
【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案．
3．（2018•枣阳市模拟）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有一项为多余选项．
    Nowadays， the food that you buy comes from many different countries． Have a look in your fridge， cupboard， and fruit bowl and check the origins （来源） of the food． Perhaps there are apples from California， lamb from New Zealand， or potatoes from Egypt？（1）　B　 This journey， from "field to plate"， is called "food miles"． （2）　F　Nowadays， food often travels thousands of miles to get to the consumer （消费者）． Why is this， and what are the effects of these long distances？
    Traditionally， farmers sold their food in the local market， so the food didn't have to travel very far． The consumers also did not travel very far because they went to their local market to buy the food． This was a good system for farmers and consumers．（3）　A　 For example， consumers could only buy food that farmers produced locally． In addition， they could only get food that was in season． Now， because of modern technology， food comes from all over the world．（4）　E　 They are available in winter if we want．
    （5）　C　 This is because they have difficult climates（气候）． The United Arab Emirates（UAE），for example， gets 85% of its food from other countries． Even food made in the UAE often uses imported materials．
A．However， there were some disadvantages．
B．You will probably be surprised how far food travels to get to your plate．
C．Some countries have to import （进口） most of their food．
D．What's wrong with "food miles"？
E．We do not have to wait for spring or summer to buy strawberries or tomatoes．
F．A food mile is the distance that food travels from the farmer's field to the person who buys the food．
【考点】选句补全短文．
【分析】短文讲了现在你可以买到来自许多不同的国家的食物，详细介绍了为什么食物会运输很远等．
【解答】1．B 细节推理题．根据后句This journey， from "field to plate"， is called "food miles"．这段旅程，从"field to plate"，被称为"食物里程"． 可知结合选项，应说你可能会惊讶于食物到达你的盘子的距离．故选B．
2．F 细节推理题．根据后句Nowadays， food often travels thousands of miles to get to the consumer （消费者）．现在，食物通常要经过数千英里才能到达消费者．可知结合选项，应说食物一英里是食物从农民的田地到购买食物的人的距离．故选F．
3．A 细节推理题．根据后句For example， consumers could only buy food that farmers produced locally． In addition， they could only get food that was in season． Now， because of modern technology， food comes from all over the world例如，消费者只能购买当地农民生产的食品．此外，他们只能得到当季的食物．现在，由于现代科技，食物来自世界各地．可知结合选项，应说然而，也有一些缺点．故选A．
4．E 细节推理题．根据后句They are available in winter if we want．如果我们愿意，它们可以在冬天使用．可知结合选项，应说我们不需要等到春天或夏天去买草莓或西红柿．故选E．
5．C 细节推理题．根据后句This is because they have difficult climates（气候）． The United Arab Emirates（UAE），for example， gets 85% of its food from other countries．这是因为他们的气候很恶劣．例如，阿拉伯联合酋长国（UAE）从其他国家获得了85%的食物．可知结合选项，应说一些国家必须进口大部分粮食．故选C．
【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案．
4．（2021•兰州模拟）Earthquakes usually come without warning．What should you do if this happens to you？An earthquake is dangerous，but there are still things you can do to protect yourself．
Stay calm as the earth begins to shake．Your chances of survival（幸存；存活）in an earthquake go up if you can keep calm．）46）　B　
（47）　C　You need to have something strong around you to protect you from falling objects．Do not stand near walls or windows and stay out of the kitchen．The I
kitchen is dangerous because of many glass objects．
（48）　A　Stay away from buildings and trees．If you are in a car，pull over to a place where there are no trees or tall buildings and stay in the car．If you are close to the sea，try to get as far away from the water as possible．Earthquakes can cause huge waves that can really harm the people nearby．
（49）　D　For example，gas fire often comes with an earthquake．If you see a fire，quickly move outdoors to an open area．
Remember to always hope for the best but prepare I for the worst．
阅读以上短文，从文后方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使文意通顺、正确；根据短文内容回答第50小题．
A．If you are outside，get to an open area as fast as you can．
B．Staying calm is not easy，but it can save your life．
C．If you are inside when the earthquake starts，get under a table or a bed．
D．When the earthquake is over，there is still plenty on danger．
50．What is the passage mainly about？　A　
A．The ways to protect yourself when an earthquake happens．
B．The ways to stay away from tall buildings．
C．The ways to stay calm．
D．The ways to move outdoors to an open area．
【考点】选句补全短文．
【分析】本文主要讲了一些当遇到地震时保护自己的一些方法：保持冷静；如果在室内，躲藏在桌子下，远离厨房；如果在室外，远离建筑物树木和海边等等．
【解答】46．B．理解选句题．抓住前面一句"Your chances of survival（幸存；存活）in an earthquake go up if you can keep calm．如果你能够冷静下来，你在地震中的存活的机会将会大大增加．"中的关键词"keep clam保持冷静"，结合选项B中的"Staying calm is not easy，but it can save your life．保持冷静是不容易的，但是它可以挽救你的生命．"可知两者是对应的．故选B．
47．C．理解选句题．根据本段中的"Do not stand near walls or windows and stay out of the kitchen．不要站在靠近墙和窗户的地方，而且要待在厨房外面"可以推断出是在室内，结合C项中的"If you are inside 如果你在室内"可知两者是对应的．故选C．    
48．A．理解选句题．根据本段中的"buildings and trees建筑物和树"、"in a car在车里"、"close to the sea靠近海边"等可以推断出是在室外，结合A项中的"If you are outside如果你在外面"可知两者是对应的．故选A．    
49．D．理解选句题．本段的"gas fire often comes with an earthquake．煤气引起的大火经常会伴随地震而来"与D项中的"there is still plenty on danger仍然存在大量的危险"是相对应的，此外也可以运用排除法作答本题．故选D．    
50．A．主旨概括题．根据第一段"but there are still things you can do to protect yourself但是你仍然可以做一些事情来保护自己"可知本文主要讲当地震来临时保护自己的一些方法．故选A．
【点评】本篇阅读属于任务型阅读，在选择句子时要联系上下文，总结对应段落的大意，抓住关键词，然后与所给选项对应起来．
5．（2021•吉林三模）Dear daughter，
    You are a wonderful person and your mother and I love you.It will not be long before you leave home to make your way in the world.Can I please give you some friendly advice？Here are some things that you should never do.
    （1）　C　
    You are great and able to achieve great things so believe in yourself.When things go badly，never stop believing.Some girls get upset and lose confidence（自信）.And then all kinds of problems can follow.
    （2）　A　
    We think you look great.Please be happy with the person you are and the body you have.Eat well，take exercise and be healthy.Some girls become upset because they try to lose weight or get the perfect shape.You look fine.
    （3）　E　
    Never spend money more than your income（收入） and save a little every month.Don't borrow other's money if possible.
    （4）　D　
    We are very proud of what you have succeeded so far.You should be proud，too.Keep doing well.Keep trying your hardest at everything you do.No one can ask for more than that.
    （5）　B　
    Whatever happens in life，your family will still be your family.Whatever difficulties you have，you can always talk to us and we will try to help.We are here for you.
 
（a）根据短文内容从方框中选出相匹配的选项。
A.Never Get Upset With Your Looks.
B.Never Forget That Your Parents Love You.
C.Never Look Down Upon Yourself.
D.Never Give Less Than Your Best.
E.Never Spend Money More Than Your Income.
（b）根据短文内容，补全下面的语段，每空一词。
    A father gives his friendly advice to his daughter.You are great and able to make your dreams （1）　come　true.Be （2）　happy　with the person you are and the body you have.Never spend more money than your income and save a（3）　little　every month!
    Try your （4）　hardest　 at everything you do.No matter （5）　what　 happens in life，your family will still be your family.
【考点】选句补全短文．
【分析】这是一封父亲写给自己女儿的信，在信中父亲主要对自己的女儿提出了几点忠告，告诉了自己的女儿不要做某些事情。
【解答】细节推理题。
（1）C.根据后句"You are great and able to achieve great things so believe in yourself.你是伟大的，能够取得伟大的成就，所以要相信自己。"可知说的是相信自己，结合选项，应说永远不要小看自己。故选C。
（2）A.根据后句"We think you look great.Please be happy with the person you are and the body you have.我们认为你看起来很棒。你就是你，不要为自己的外貌烦恼。"可知说的是外貌，结合选项，应说永远不要为你的长相而烦恼。故选A。
（3）E.根据后句"Never spend money more than your income（收入） and save a little every month.不要把钱花得比你的收入还多，每月存一点钱。"可知说的是花钱，结合选项，应说不要花的钱超过你的收入。故选E。
（4）D.根据后句"Keep trying your hardest at everything you do.继续努力做你所做的每件事。"可知说的是努力做，结合选项，应说不要做得不够好。故选D。
（5）B.根据后句"Whatever happens in life，your family will still be your family.无论生活中发生什么，你的家人仍然是你的家人。"可知说的是家人的爱，结合选项，应说永远不要忘记你的父母爱你。故选B。
细节理解题。
（1）come.根据"You are great and able to achieve great things so believe in yourself.你是伟大的，能够取得伟大的成就，所以要相信自己。"可知你很伟大，有能力实现你的梦想。come true实现，故答案为come.
（2）happy.根据"Please be happy with the person you are and the body you have.请对你自己和你的身体感到高兴。"可知为你自己，为你的身体感到快乐。故答案为happy.
（3）little.根据"Never spend money more than your income（收入） and save a little every month.不要把钱花得比你的收入还多，每月存一点钱。"可知永远不要花的比你的收入多，每个月存一点。a little一点。故答案为little.
（4）hardest .根据"Keep trying your hardest at everything you do.继续努力做你所做的每件事。"可知做任何事都要尽最大努力。故答案为hardest.
（5）what.根据"Whatever happens in life，your family will still be your family.无论生活中发生什么，你的家人仍然是你的家人。"可知生活中无论发生了什么，家人始终是你的家人。Whatever＝No matter what，无论怎样，故答案为what.
【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。
6．（2021•船营区模拟）Are you shy？ If you are， you are not alone. In fact， close to 50 percent of people are shy. Almost 80 percent of people feel shy at some point in their lives. Now， scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy.
    （1）　B　Is it possible to be born shy？ Many scientists say yes. They say 15 to 20 percent of babies behave shyly. These babies are a little quieter and more watchful（警觉的） than other babies. Interestingly， these shy babies usually have shy parents.
    （2）　D　Scientists at Harvard University found that more than 50 percent of the shy people had brothers and sisters. It might because they got less attention from their parents.
    （3）　E　When scientists studied shyness in different countries. They found surprising differences. In Japan， most people said they were shy. But in Israel， only one of three people said so. It might because Japanese and Israelis have different opinions of failure （失败）. In Japan， when people do not succeed， they blame （责备） themselves， while Israelis often blame failure on outside reasons， such as family， friends， or bad luck.
    （4）　C　For shy people， it can be difficult to make friends， speak in class and find a job. You could lose things and the opportunities you would enjoy.
    （5）　A　But scientists say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing conversations. Preparing things to talk about before you're in a social situation is also a good way to reduce shyness.
 
（a）根据短文内容，从方框中选出每段的主旨大意。
A. Ways to overcome your shyness.
B. Some shyness is genetic（遗传的）.
C. The disadvantages of being shy.
D. Family size might cause people to be shy.
E. The place where you were born may make you shy.
（b）根据短文内容，补全下面的语段，每空一词。
Shyness
 
    Shyness is very common among people. These days， scientists are becoming interested （1）　in　shyness. They try to find out the reason why some people are shy.
    Many scientists believe that shyness is genetic because they find some babies are （2）　born　to be shy. Moreover， scientists at Harvard University find that family（3）　size　can cause a person to be shy， for （4）　over　fifty percent shy people have brothers and sisters. When scientists study shyness in different places， it turns out that the place where a person is born may make a person shy.
    Being shy has many disadvantages. You may lose the things you like and opportunities. But don't worry. Scientists also suggest some ways to（5）　overcome　shyness.
【考点】选句补全短文；阅读填空．
【分析】短文讲了科学家们对羞怯的研究，详细地介绍了对害羞研究的结果。
【解答】细节推理题。
（1）B.根据后句" Interestingly， these shy babies usually have shy parents.有趣的是，这些害羞的婴儿通常有害羞的父母。"可知说的是遗传，结合选项，应说有些害羞是遗传的。故选B。
（2）D.根据后句"Scientists at Harvard University found that more than 50 percent of the shy people had brothers and sisters. 哈佛大学的科学家发现，超过50%的害羞的人有兄弟姐妹。"可知说的是家庭情况，结合选项，应说家庭规模可能会导致人们害羞。故选D。
（3）E.根据后句"When scientists studied shyness in different countries. They found surprising differences. In Japan， most people said they were shy. 当科学家们研究不同国家的羞怯时。他们发现了惊人的差异。在日本，大多数人说他们很害羞。"可知说的是地点环境的影响，结合选项，应说你出生的地方可能会使你变得害羞。故选E。
（4）C.根据后句" For shy people， it can be difficult to make friends， speak in class and find a job. You could lose things and the opportunities you would enjoy.对害羞的人来说，交朋友、上课讲话和找工作都很困难。你可能会失去你会享受的东西和机会。"可知说的是缺点，结合选项，应说害羞的缺点。故选C。
（5）A.根据后句"But scientists say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing conversations.但是科学家说你可以克服害羞。他们建议尝试新事物和练习对话。"可知说的是方法，结合选项，应说克服羞怯的方法。故选A。
 细节理解题。
（1）in.根据" Now， scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy.现在，科学家们正试图理解羞怯。他们对人们为什么害羞有一些有趣的想法。"可知这些天，科学家们开始对害羞感兴趣。be interested  in对……感兴趣，故答案为in.
（2）born.根据"Is it possible to be born shy？ Many scientists say yes. 生下来害羞有可能吗？许多科学家说是的。"可知许多科学家认为害羞是遗传的，因为他们发现有些婴儿生来就害羞。be born+ to do， 表示"生而为…；生来就是。"故答案为born.
（3）size.根据"Family size might cause people to be shy.家庭规模可能会导致人们害羞。"可知此外，哈佛大学的科学家发现，家庭规模可能会导致一个人害羞。故答案为size.
（4）over .根据"Scientists at Harvard University found that more than 50 percent of the shy people had brothers and sisters.哈佛大学的科学家发现，超过50%的害羞的人都有兄弟姐妹。 "可知因为超过50%的害羞的人都有兄弟姐妹。故答案为over.
（5）overcome.根据" They suggest trying new things and practicing conversations. Preparing things to talk about before you're in a social situation is also a good way to reduce shyness.他们建议尝试新事物和练习对话。在社交场合前准备好要谈论的事情也是减少害羞的好方法。"可知科学家还提出了一些克服害羞的方法。故答案为overcome.
【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。
7．（2021•长沙模拟）In 2020， the 109，000 residential （住宅的） fires in China caused more than 500 injuries and 900 deaths. You can prevent fire﹣related deaths and injuries， and even most residential fires by knowing about fire safety. （1）　E　
    Fire safety escape plan
    A fire safety escape plan tells everyone what to do if your home catches fire. Your family needs to design an escape plan for your home. （2）　D　
    When you discuss with your family， it is a good idea to talk about each person's responsibilities in case of a fire， such as who helps whom out of the house.
    Fire safety and kids
    （3）　B　Children cause thousands of residential fires each year， most of which are caused by children playing with matches. You need to teach your children to obey the following fire safety rules： （4）　A　
    Always have an adult's help when cooking.Always STOP， DROP， and ROLL， if you or your clothes catch fire.
    Fire safety and your home
    Electrical fires are the most common type of residential fires in China. Electric heaters and clothes dryers are responsible for most of residential electrical fires. If a fire happens， shut off the electricity， put out small fires with your home fire extinguisher（灭火器）. Do not put water on electrical fires.（5）　C　 Call 119 and report the fire.
 
A. Never play with matches or lighters
B. Fire safety education begins with children
C. Do not try to deal with large fires by yourself
D.The escape plan needs to be known by everyone in your family
E.Protect you and your family by making an escape plan and learning fire safety.
【考点】选句补全短文．
【分析】本文讲述你可以通过了解消防安全来防止火灾造成的伤亡，并且告诉我们一些建议。
【解答】（1）E 推理判断题。根据上文：You can prevent fire﹣related deaths and injuries， and even most residential fires by knowing about fire safety. 你可以通过了解消防安全来防止火灾造成的伤亡，甚至大多数住宅火灾。以及下文的一些计划措施，可知G选项： 通过制定逃生计划和学习消防安全来保护你和你的家人。意思相符，故选E.
（2）D 语境判断题。根据上文：A fire safety escape plan tells everyone what to do if your home catches fire.消防安全逃生计划告诉每个人，如果你的家着火了该怎么办。可知F选项：逃跑计划要让你家里的每个人都知道。意思相符，故选D.
（3）B 推理判断题。根据本段的主题句：Fire safety and kids消防安全和儿童，可知本段是或和儿童的故选，所以C选项：消防安全教育从儿童开始。意思相符没关系B.
（4）A 联系上文题。根据上文：You need to teach your children to obey the following fire safety rules：您需要教导您的孩子遵守以下消防安全规则：可知B选项：不要玩火柴或打火机。意思相符，故选A.
（5）C 联系下文题。根据下文：Call 911 and report the fire.打911报警。可知D选项：不要试图独自处理大火。意思相符，故选C.
【点评】做题时要把具体的语境与选项内容相结合，找出填在空缺处的最佳选项，题目中有多余选项，做完题后要带入答案验证并检查被排除的选项是否确实与空缺处不相符。
8．（2021•永定区模拟）阅读短文，从A﹣E五个句子中选择正确选项还原到文中，使短文内容完整正确．
A couple of years ago，I went to Australia for a meeting with my friend，Chris．We decided to drive across country to Brisbane after the meeting ended．The drive was going to take four days and most of it was across the desert，（96）　D　．The first day was a lot of fun as we were excited and laughing at each other's stupid jokes．By the third day of driving in the seemingly endless desert，we began to get bored．We had been quiet for a few hours when in the distance Chris found some kangaroos．We were both excited and decided to get a closer look．（97）　C　We got closer and closer，and Chris was doing 110 kilometers per hour．We were very close to the kangaroos﹣too close﹣when we heard a loud BANG!
Chris stopped the car and we got out．Behind the car was a larger kangaroo lying completely still on the ground．（98）　E　He took off his sunglasses and put them on the kangaroo and did the same with his jacket．Then，he put his arm around the kangaroo and told me to take a photo of them together．（99）　A　While I was focusing the camera，I saw the kangaroo move．It suddenly woke up，looked at Chris，and jumped away into the distance before we could do anything．
I started laughing but Chris looked very serious．（100）　B　I started laughing even harder．I stopped laughing，however，when he said that our car keys were also in the jacket!
A．I was still surprised，but I took out my camera
B．He said his wallet and passport were in the jacket．
C．In order to get there in three days，we drove very fast．
D．so we had to take food，water，and extra gas with us．
E．Chris went over to the kangaroo and put his baseball cap on its head．
【考点】选句补全短文．
【分析】文章大意：这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者与他的朋友去澳大利亚开会结束后，去布里斯班拜访他们的另外一个朋友，途中遇见一群袋鼠，在不断靠近的过程中，将一只袋鼠撞倒，随后把夹克棒球帽眼镜给松鼠穿戴上，但当松鼠醒来离开后，将他们放在夹克中的护照，车钥匙一同带走了．
【解答】96．答案：D．阅读选句题．根据上句The drive was going to take four days and most of it was across the desert，开车需要四天，大部分是在沙漠．可知，下句应该是"所以我们不得不带食物、水和额外的油"，选D．
97．答案：C．阅读选句题．根据上句We were both excited and decided to get a closer look．我们俩都感到激动和决定去看看．及下句We got closer and closer，and Chris was doing 110 kilometers per hour我们越来越近了，克里斯正在以每小时110公里的速度行驶．可知中间应该是"为了在三天内到达那里，我们把车开得很快．"，选C．
98．答案：E．阅读选句题．根据上句Behind the car was a larger kangaroo lying completely still on the ground在汽车的后面是一个大袋鼠躺在地上一动不动．及下句He took off his sunglasses and put them on the kangaroo and did the same with his jacket他摘下太阳镜给袋鼠戴上并用把夹克给袋鼠穿上．可知，中间应该是"克里斯走到袋鼠身边，把棒球帽戴在它的头上．"．选E．
99．答案：A．阅读选句题．根据上句Then，he put his arm around the kangaroo and told me to take a photo of them together后，他用胳膊搂着袋鼠，叫我一起给他们拍张照．可知，下句应该是"我还是很惊讶，但我拿出我的相机"，选A．
100．答案：B．阅读选句题．根据上句I started laughing but Chris looked very serious我开始笑，但克里斯看起来很严肃．可知，袋鼠穿着他的夹克跑了，下句应该是"他说他的钱包和护照在夹克里．"，选B．
【点评】阅读选句，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解．结合语境，根据所给句子，完成答案．
9．（2020•工业园区二模）Do you want to be happier？ Well， you can do something about it． Some psychologists（心理学家）believe that 10% of your happiness is due to life conditions and 40% is the result of your own choices． Your own choices include how you manage your time at school， your relationships， your friends， your activities and your health． So you have a lot of control over how happy you feel． （1）　C　  Here are some tips on how to do that．
    Surround yourself with positive（积极的）people． Spend time with positive people and your ideas will become active． On the other hand， good friends will encourage， support， and lift you up when you're down． （2）　A　  That's also true for the people that we work with．
    Don't try to be perfect． Remember that nothing can ever be perfect． （3）　F　  Instead think about what you already have． Think about what you've already done． Think of where you are today as a step towards tomorrow． Don't try to be perfect， just try to do things well﹣with excellence．
    Focus on now． Don't think about all the things that can go wrong， like failing at school or your friend leaving you． Thinking like this only results in worry and stress， which is a waste of time and energy． （4）　E　 Just worry about making today great， because the best way to be happy is just to enjoy each day．
    Compare yourself to yourself， not to other people． There will always be someone smarter， or richer， or better looking or more successful than you． There will always be someone with a bigger house and a bigger boat than you． Someone will always have more． Rather， look at what you have got and who you are， accept and value that． Work toward being a better one than you were last month or last year． （5）　B　 And you will feel a lot happier with， and about yourself．
 
A． They see the best in you， and that helps you see the best in yourself．
B． That way you will be pleased with the progress that you are making．
C． The key is to take control by making choices and developing habits that make you happier．
D． You can control how happy you are， since giving always makes you feel happier．
E． If you can't control tomorrow， don't worry about tomorrow．
F． If you aim for perfection all the time， you will never be satisfied or happy．
G． Your relationship with your parents doesn't have to be perfect before you can be happy
【考点】选句补全短文．
【分析】短文讲了一个人感到快乐的原因，及其如何控制自己的感受，短文给出了一些好的建议帮助你．
【解答】（1）C细节推理题．根据前句Your own choices include how you manage your time at school， your relationships， your  friends， your activities and your health． So you have a lot of control over how happy you feel你自己的选择包括你如何管理你在学校的时间，你的人际关系，你的朋友，你的活动和你的健康．所以你可以控制自己的快乐程度．可知结合选项，应说关键是通过做出选择和养成习惯来控制自己，使你更快乐．故选C．
（2）A细节推理题．根据前句 On the other hand， good friends will encourage， support， and lift you up when you're down．另一方面，好朋友会鼓励你，支持你，在你失意的时候让你振作起来．可知结合选项，应说他们能看到你身上最好的一面，这能帮助你看到最好的自己．故选A．
（3）F细节推理题．根据前句Don't try to be perfect． Remember that nothing can ever be perfect．不要试图完美．记住，没有什么是完美的．可知结合选项，应说如果你一直追求完美，你永远不会满足或快乐．故选F．
（4）E细节推理题．根据前句Focus on now． Don't think about all the things that can go wrong， like failing at school or your friend leaving you．专注于现在．不要去想那些可能出错的事情，比如在学校失败或者朋友离开你．和后句Just worry about making today great， because the best way to be happy is just to enjoy each day．可知结合选项，应说如果你不能控制明天，就不要担心明天．故选E．
（5）B细节推理题．根据前句Work toward being a better one than you were last month or last year．努力成为一个比你上个月或去年更好的人． 和后句And you will feel a lot happier with， and about yourself．你会对自己和自己感到更快乐．可知结合选项，应说这样你就会对你所取得的进步感到满意．故选B．
【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案．
10．（2020•西陵区模拟）
A． many people had to change their plans for returning to Wuhan
B． the pets were left at home by their owners
C． Du released （发布） a notice on the social media platform （社交平台）
D． he had to change his plans
E． their pets had enough food and water
Du Fan planned to go to Harbin during the Spring Festival holiday． He dreamed about going there to enjoy the beautiful winter scenery （风景）． However， （1）　D　．
    On January 23，the city of Wuhan was locked down（被封锁）to control the spread of the COVID﹣19（新冠肺炎）．There was a serious problem ﹣ （2）　B　．
    According to Du， many pet owners planned to return to Wuhan after the Spring Festival holiday． They just prepared a week's food and water for their pets．
    On January 26， （3）　C　． The notice said that they would offer help to people with their pets during the pneumonia （肺炎） control．
    "If we didn't help， many animals would die，" says Du．"We've received over 2，000 messages asking for help．Because of the pneumonia， （4）　A　．" Du adds that they helped different kinds of pets， like cats， dogs and fish．
    "We also sent some videos to the pet owners and they were happy to see their pets in them． They showed their thanks after learning that（5）　E　，" Du says． "Not just people are going through hard times． Animals are also in trouble． We are glad to offer some help．"
【考点】选句补全短文．
【分析】短文讲了作者计划春节期间去哈尔滨，他梦想去那里欣赏美丽的冬日景色．详细地介绍了2019冠状病毒病改变了他的计划，及其他是如何帮助人们的宠物的．
【解答】细节推理题．
（1）D．根据"He dreamed about going there to enjoy the beautiful winter scenery （风景）． However，"可知However但是，表示转折，说明改变计划，结合选项，应说他不得不改变计划．故选D．
（2）B．根据前句"There was a serious problem，及其后文说的宠物， "可知说的是遇到的问题，结合选项，应说这些宠物是主人把它们留在家里的．故选B．
（3）C．根据后句"The notice said that they would offer help to people with their pets during the pneumonia （肺炎） control．"可知说的是一个通知，结合选项，应说杜在社交媒体平台上发布了一则通知．故选C．
（4）A．根据前句"Because of the pneumonia，"可知因为疫情人们不能回来，结合选项，应说很多人不得不改变回武汉的计划．故选A．
（5）E．根据后句"Du says． "Not just people are going through hard times． Animals are also in trouble． We are glad to offer some help．"可知说的是食物，结合选项，应说他们的宠物有足够的食物和水，故选E．
【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案．

考点卡片
1．阅读填空
【考查能力介绍】
①阅读填空题型的基本要求为：认真阅读短文，并根据所读内容在文章后的表格中的空格中填入一个适当的单词．图表呈现形式有表格状、树状图表和蛛网状图表，最常见的是表格状．
②阅读填空题属于综合能力考查题，强调主观表述，填表时可能需要使用原词、变形转换或总结概括．主要考查考生阅读信息材料、收集整理直接或间接信息以及科学表述信息的能力．
【解题方法点拨】
①做此类题首先要审读表格，熟悉结构；
②在熟悉表格的基础上浏览全文，了解大意；
③根据表格的格式和留空位置在文中检索信息，用准确的词语进行表达．
④对于概括性较强的试题，要在做完细节题之后，根据文中信息，判定概括词．如：根据how判断用ways， tips， methods，solutions， etc．；根据why， because， result in， lead to， be caused by等判断用reasons， causes；根据in short， all in all判断用summary；根据refer to， be， be called判断用definition；根据therefore， thus， so， as a result判断用result， conclusion；根据find， discover判断用findings．
⑤填写完毕后要通读全文，对所填内容进行验证，综合考虑所填信息是否与文中上下内容一致．
解题步骤（以题目为例）
Good communication skills are key to success in life， work and relationships． Without effective（有效的） communication， a message can turn into error（错误）， misunderstanding， or even disaster．
Communication is the process by which we exchange information between people． To communicate well is to understand and to be understood． Communication can be successful only when both the sender and the receiver understand the same information．
In today's highly informational and technological environment， it has become more important to have good communication skills． Here are some important steps to communicate effectively．
    Know what you want to say and why． Understand clearly the purpose of your message． Know to whom you are communicating and why．
How will you say it？ We all know that it's not always what you say， but how you say it， that matters． Begin by making every contact． You show trust and confidence when you look at others in the eyes when you speak． Second， pay attention to your body language， since it can say so much more than your words． By standing with your arms easily at your side， you tell others that you are open to hearing what they have to say．
Communication is a two﹣way street． After you have said what you have to say， stop and listen． Practise your listening skills． Be considerate of others are talking， listen carefully and never cut them off．
The（1）    of communication
Communication is the process by which we exchange information
（2）     people．
Some（3）    　for paying attention to communication skills．
●key to success in life， work and relationships
●（4）     to understand each other
●being of much （5）     at present as a result of the highly information and technological environment
Some（6）     to have an effective communication．
●Have a （7）     understanding of what your purposes， listeners and reasons are．
●Know（8）     you say it because it is sometimes more important than what you say， such as showing trust and confidence， paying attention to your body language， and（9）     open to hearing what others have to say．
●Stop to listen after you have（10）     your talk．
【考点】P6：阅读填空
【分析】文章叙述了交流沟通过的重要性，以及有效沟通的技巧方法，交流是双向的，不只是说，倾听也很重要．
【解答】1．meaning；考查名词；根据表格后面内容 Communication is the process by which we exchange information between people，沟通是我们在人与人之间交换信息的过程．可知是解释Communication 的意思，故填meaning．
2．between；考查介词；根据第二段第一句 Communication is the process by which we exchange information between people 可知，沟通是我们彼此之间交换信息的过程．故正确答案为"between"．
3．reasons；考查名词；根据表格中列举三个要点可知，这三个要点都是介绍了为什么要注意沟通技巧．这是要注意沟通技巧的3个原因．故正确答案为"reasons"．
4．helping；考查动词；根据语境To communicate well is to understand and to be understood沟通良好是为了理解和理解，所以良好的沟通技巧可以帮助彼此更好地理解．此处根据下一行being开头，故此处也应该用动名词形式来表示，故答案是helping．
5．importance；考查名词；根据第三段第一句 In today's highly informational and technological environment， it has become more important to have good communication skills 可知，在如今这个高信息量和科技高度发展的时代，知道沟通技巧非常重要．be important 可以理解为be of  importance ，因为of为介词，后面加名词作宾语，故正确答案为"importance"．
6．steps；考查名词；根据语境 Here are some important steps to communicate effectively．以下是一些有效沟通的重要步骤．故此处填steps．
7．clear/ good；考查形容词；根据第四段第二句 Understand clearly the purpose of your message 可知，需要清楚地了解信息的目的．故正确答案为"clear/good"．原文中是副词clearly修饰动词Understand，此题Understand是名词，故用形容词修饰，故答案是clear，或good．
8．how；考查副词；根据语境How will you say it？ We all know that it's not always what you say， but how you say it ， that matters你怎么说？我们都知道，不总是你说的话，而是你怎么说这些话．故此处填how．
9．being；考查动词；根据语境you tell others that you are open to hearing what they have to say你告诉别人你愿意听到他们说的话，此处做as的宾语，故用动词ing形式，you are open 转换成being open．故填being．
10．finished/ completed；考查动词；根据最后一段第二句 After you have said what you have to say， stop and listen 可知，在你说完你想说的之后，要停下来听别人说．这里需要动词表示"完成，结束"．根据空前的have，可知用现在完成时态，结构have+动词过去分词，故正确答案为"finished/completed"．
【点评】此题考查阅读填空，在理解文章意思的基础上，结合具体题目，仔细分析，便可得出正确答案．
【解题技巧】
在做阅读判断题时会涉内容归纳，主要是标题归纳题和段落归纳题．
①对于标题归纳题，解题时要注意：A．根据"文章主旨句大多出现在三个位置：文章首段，一段末或二段首，文章末段"的特点，可有意识地从上述三个位置找到文章主题句，再加以准确概括，确定语篇标题；B．文中出现的高频率词或词组，往往就是标题．
②对于段落归纳题，解题时要注意：段落归纳概括题常位于表格的左栏，能最大限度覆盖相应行、列或单元格的全部信息，常为名词、名词词组或动（名）词词组．
③答题时要注意字母的大小写、名词的单复数、词性转换、结构转换和句型转换等问题，与表格其它信息的表达方式保持一致．
【中考命题方向】
阅读填空题是中考的常考题型，因其考查范围广，考查方式新颖，能全面地考查学生的读写能力，在中考中长期占有一席之地，需要平时有针对性地进行练习．
2．选句补全短文
【考查能力介绍】
①选句补全短文即短文还原，要求考生把所给选项中的句子还原到文中相对应的空白处，设空位置一般为三种：段首、段尾和段中，以段中设空居多．
②这类题型最常见的体裁是记叙文，近年来各地对说明文和议论文等都有所涉及．该题型要求考生了解常见写作顺序，关注段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系，主要为：并列、转折、因果关系及其它关系．
复习方法点拨：
①坚持每天阅读英语文章，保证一定的阅读量以培养语感；
②在保证阅读量的基础上限制阅读时间，提高阅读速度；
③多积累词汇知识，打好基础；
④坚持复习语法知识和惯用法知识，提高自己的理解能力．
【解题方法点拨】
①通读全文，了解文章大意；
②细读五个选项，找出和文章相对应的关键词，分析选项间的逻辑关系；
③根据文章整体结构、具体内容，结合关键词，选出最佳选项．
④将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点查看逻辑关系和关联结构是否合理．
解题步骤（以题为例）
Why should students play sports？ Some people think that students play sports in order to get exercise．（1）     But that is not enough． If students play sports， they can get more than healthy bodies．
Why？（2）    
Students who play sports do better in school．（3）     But a recent study has shown that students who play sports get better scores in school than those who don't． Exercise gets students to learn， remember things and concentrate（专心） better．
（4）     When they are working together with others to win games and reach goals， they're learning how to be successful in practice． And these skills will be useful to them for study or their future work．
Playing sports can also improve confidence． Students who play sports feel better about themselves． When they know they can improve and reach their goals by practicing，（5）     And sports can also help them communicate with others actively and make new friends．
Now， how about going out to play sports with your friends every day？
A．it builds their confidence．
B．Here are three more reasons．
C．Some students like playing basketball．
D．Others think it can help students have fun．
E．Some people think that doing exercise will take up（占据） students' study here．
F．Students who play sports develop their teamwork spirits and learn problem﹣solving skills．
这是一道6选5的选句补全短文题．
在答题时，我们要先细读选项确定各个选项的意思，心里有个初步概念．
第二步我们要通读全文，在通读过程中就可以考虑选项位置．
第三步需要先易后难来确定答案：根据设空处（5）前面是逗点，可知其后并不是个大写字母开头的句子，只有A项合适；（1）空处前面有some正好可与others形成惯用法，some …others …，可选D项；（2）空前有问句why，可找其对应词reasons，选B；（3）处可下文中的转折关系推知此处是说做运动不好的地方，只有E项符合题意；（4）是段首设空，可能是段落中心句，根据后文中working together对应选项F中的teamwork spirits，be successful in practice对应选项F中problem﹣solving skills可知应选F．
答题的最后一步，我们需要回读文章确定答案是否正确．
【解题技巧】
①抓住过渡词，看住上下句；盯紧横线的前后词语．
②如果问题设在段首，有以下三种情况：A．通常是段落的主题句，需认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关的词，推断出主题句；B．与后文是并列，转折，因果关系等；段落间的过渡句，这时要瞻前顾后找启示，结合上下文看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来．
③如果问题设在段尾，需要考虑：A．空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词；B．通常是结论，概括性语句；C．与前文是转折或对比关系，此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折对比的关联词；D．与前文是并列或排比关系，根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词；E．所选答案是引出下一段的内容；如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题．
【中考命题方向】
选句补全短文是中考中的常见题型之一，近年来题目难度也有所增大．考查方式上常见的有7选5，5选5，也有些省份甚至从句子还原升级到了段落还原．这就要求考生在平时要加大阅读量，培养一定的语感，在平时练习时总结出合适自己的答题技能，以不变应万变．