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2022年河北省中考英语分题型复习：任务型阅读之语篇翻译课件
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这是一份2022年河北省中考英语分题型复习：任务型阅读之语篇翻译课件，共25页。PPT课件主要包含了命题特点，解题技巧，连词的翻译，定语从句的翻译，it句型的翻译，否定转移的翻译，被动语态的翻译，真题剖析等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考纲要求■考查学生的英汉互译能力：■考查学生对中西文化差异的了解对常用短语、习惯用语和重要句型的运用对句子结构、语法知识的掌握对简单的翻译技巧的掌握
考查重点1、各类重要句型结构（定语从句等）2、搭配（动词短语，名词短语）3、重点词的用法及习惯表达4、主要语法规则及其运用等5、简单的翻译技巧（省略、补充，词义选择引申、词性转换、长句拆分、逆序翻译等)。
翻译的标准■信：意义忠实于原文■达：表达通顺，符合逻辑■雅：语言优美
1.明确命题意图，做到有的放矢。2.注意英语的习惯表达以及英汉两种语言的不同之处。3.不要逐字翻译。解题指导通读短文，了解大意。分析要求翻译的句子的结构、类型、时态调序、润色切不可逐字逐句地翻译
翻译技巧指导：（易错点、难点)连词的翻译定语从句的翻译it句型的翻译否定转移的翻译被动语态的翻译
and: 和、与Lucy and her mther ften g shpping n weekends.■露西和她妈妈经常周末去购物。（不可省）Yung peple and lder peple d nt always agree. They smetimes have different ideas abut living, wrking and playing.■年青人和老人（的想法)不总是一致，有时他们对生活、工作和玩有不同的看法。（不可省）
The sun is bright, and the sky is clear.太阳是明亮的，和天空是干净的。(×)阳光明媚，晴空万里。（省译）He left the cmpany in March last year and went t Harvard as a visiting schlar.去年三月他离开公司，去哈佛做了访问学者。（省译）
Hwever, they wrry abut their schl wrk and can't fall asleep quickly.然而，他们担心他们的学业，不能很快入眠。（省译）他不开心，不知道如何处理这件事。He is unhappy and desn't knw hw t deal with this thing.解题策略英语中连词用得多，汉语中连词用得少。英译汉时，有些连词可以省译。汉译英时，要适当增加连词，成文连贯。
Thugh it isn’t like a table，I like it very much虽然它看起来不像张桌子，但是我很喜欢它。（成对使用)补译虽然那个梦想没有实现，但是现在他成功了。Thugh that dream has nt cme true, nw he is successful.That dream has nt cme true, but he is successful. (删减)解题策略：英语中＂thugh”、“but”/＂because”、＂s”只能用其中之一，但汉语中“虽然但是”、“因为…所以”等句式结构要可以成对使用。
Guilin is a place where there are muntains and rivers.桂林是个有山有水的地方。He refused t give up the gal which is very clear.他拒绝放弃近在咫尺的目标。解题策略 对于较短的定语从句，英译汉时，可译成带“的”的前置定语，可把复合句译成简单句。He was very thankful t the land where he grew up.他很感谢他生长的这片土地。
I met an ld man wh asked me t pay attentin t health.我遇到一位老人，这位老人要我注意健康。解题策略对于结构复杂且较长的定语从句，在英译汉时，可将其后置，将整个句子结构译成并列句，并重复先行词。They shuld keep away frm thse jbs which can have bad influence n their lives.他们应该远离这些工作，这些工作会对他们的生活有很坯的影响。
解题策略：引导词it做形式主语、形式宾语时，本身没有独立意义，可以省译。熟记it句型，做到英汉互译自如。It be adj (fr sb)t d sth. 对sb.来说，做sth.(要sb.做sth.)It takes sb sme time)t d sth. sb.花费多少时间做sth.。I find/think it +adj t d sth. 我认为做sth. …
It was difficult t remember all the faces and names.要记住所有的面孔和名字很难。I think it hard fr them t understand yu jke我认为，对他们来说，明白你的笑话很难.=我认为，要他们明白你的笑话很难， It tk the vlunteers the whle afternn t clean up the park.志愿者花了整整一个下午打扫公园
I dn’t think he can pass the exam. 我认为他不可能通过这次考试I dn’t believe that he can speak t the ld s implitely。我相信他不会对老人那么无礼说话。解题策略：当主句部分是＂I dn’t think＂ , " I dn’t believe＂，“I dn’t suppse ”等结构时，翻译成汉语时，要注意否定转移在宾语从句里。
我认为我们不该浪费时间I dn't think/suppse we shuld waste time.我相信他不会抽烟。I dn't believe he can smke.汉译英：否定转移，变成I dn’t think/believe
被动语态的句子有时有“被”有时无”被”，一定认真分析主动还是被动。熟记被动语态的各种时态一般现在时：am/is/are+动词过去分词一般过去时：was/were+动词过去分词一般将来词：will be+动词过去分词现在完成时：have/has been+动词过去分词情态动词的被动语态：+动词过去分词
The blue sky is reflected(映衬)in the deep blue lake.蓝蓝的天空映衬在深蓝色的湖水中。（无“被”)Sme f his wrks are translated int English, French and Japanese. 他的一些作品被译成了英语、法语和日语。 (有“被”)我们学校是2011年建的。 （无“被”)Our schl was built in 2011.
Friday is here and mst f us enjy what the weekend brings. 1. Maybe yu will spend sme time n yur hbby. 2. 没有爱好就没有真正的快乐。Hbbies help ur happiness. They give us purpse, meaning, a creative utlet, and they can even relieve stress.One f my blg entries, frm May f 2016, tells us hw hbbies can help us identify sme f ur passins and that in turn can give us interesting cntent t include in a life stry r things like playing cards r ther games, especially at family gatherings, can lead t sme gd memry. Or what abut a day n the lake r the glf curse?
也许你会花一些时间在你的爱好上。
There is n real happiness withut hbbies.
当然，像打牌或其他游戏，特别是在家庭聚会上，可以导致一些良好的记忆力。
4. Yu can get gegraphy and histry lessns frm cllecting stamps r cins frm arund the wrld.One f the things I enjy is playing guitar. It’s a hbby — I am nt nearly gd enugh fr pubic perfrmances. 5. 但是我喜欢边弹吉他边唱歌， 以此来放松自己。 Get me arund a few friends, family members r even a classrm full f students and I might break int a sng. I was ding that tday with my 5th graders.If yu want t start a new hbby r even search fr new ideas, then check ut A Full Guide On Hw T Start A New Hbby. It’s psted n the SewingIsAwesme.cm website. Sme f the takeaways fr me frm the article included hw hbbies can intrduce us t new peple, widen ur knwledge and skills, and imprve ur cnfidence and self-esteem. Win, win and win.
你可以从世界各地收集邮票或硬币中获得地理和历史课程。
But I like playing the guitar and singing t relax myself.
（2021湖南·株洲）根据上下文将文中画线部分译成汉语或者英语。The Internet and yur friends influence yur beauty standards. 1. 你的朋友总是在网上发照片。They want t shw ff their beautiful dresses r strng bdies, and yu will cmpare yurself t them.First f all, nt t fllw ppular beauty standards blindly. They are ut f reach fr 99% f us, s it’s better t just frget abut them.2. Anther suggestin is t tell yurself that yu are special. Talk abut yur feelings with smene yu trust. Hearing hw much they value yu can help yu feel cmfrtable in yur wn skin. 3. 每个人都了不起。Everyne has their wn talents.
Yur friends always pst phts nline.
另一个建议是告诉你自己你很特别
Everyne is excellent.
Finally, it is a gd idea t try t direct yur attentin away frm bad thughts. T achieve this, yu shuld d smething yu enjy. Yu can enjy yurselves by learning. 4. This is a lifelng jurney because every day brings smething new. Yu can als take part in scial activities, like playing sprts with yur friends. These things can help yu take yur mind ff matters that wrry yu and make yu feel gd abut yurself.Yu may ften judge yurself by what is n the utside, nt n the inside. Hwever, like a bk, yur cntents are much mre imprtant than yur cver. 5. Dn’t judge a bk by its cver. If yu can learn t see the gd things abut yurself, yu will sn begin t lve yurself just the way yu are.
这是一个终生的旅途，因为每天都会带来新的东西。
不要通过封面来评判一本书。/不要以貌取人。
1、语篇翻译Last mnth we asked ur students abut their free time activities. Our questins were abut exercise, use f the Internet and watching TV. Here are the results.We fund that nly fifteen percent f ur students exercise every day. Frty-five percent exercise fur t six times a week. Twenty percent exercise nly ne t three times a week. 1.百分之二十的同学一点也不锻炼。We all knw that my students ften g nline, 2.but we were surprised that ninety percent f them use the Internet every day. The ther ten percent use it at least three r fur times a week. Mst students use it fr fun and nt fr hmewrk.The answers t ur questins abut watching televisin were als interesting. Only tw percent f the students watch TV ne t three times a week. Thirteen percent watch TV fur t six times a week. And eighty-five percent watch TV every day! 3.Althugh many students like t watch sprts, game shws are the mst ppular.It is gd t relax by using the Internet r watching game shws, but we think the best way t relax is thrugh exercise. 4.它有益于身心健康。Exercise such as playing sprts is fun, and yu can spend time with yur friends and family as yu play tgether. And remember, “ld habits die hard”. 5.S start exercising befre it’s t late!1．_______________________2．_______________________3．_______________________4．_______________________5．_______________________
Twenty percent f the students dn’t exercise at all.但我们惊讶的是，90%的人每天都使用互联网。虽然很多学生喜欢看体育节目，但游戏节目是最受欢迎的。It is gd fr physical and mental health.所以在太晚之前开始锻炼吧！
2、语篇翻译I did smething special n my vacatin. I went t the Hangzhu Natinal Tea Museum. It’s near a lake. 1.它是令人放松的地方。The tea art perfrmances are wnderful. They shw hw t make a perfect cup f tea with beautiful tea sets. 2. Drinking tea is enjyable. As yu knw, 3. China is famus fr tea. Tea is prduced in many different areas in China.4. Tea is sent t many different cuntries. It’s gd fr bth health and business. Many peple drink Chinese tea. 5.茶是中国文化的一部分。In China, tea has a very lng histry, and Hangzhu is widely knwn fr its tea.1．________________2．________________3．________________4．________________5．________________
It’s a relaxing place.喝茶是令人愉快的。中国以茶而闻名。茶叶被送往许多不同的国家。Tea is a part f Chinese culture.
考纲要求■考查学生的英汉互译能力：■考查学生对中西文化差异的了解对常用短语、习惯用语和重要句型的运用对句子结构、语法知识的掌握对简单的翻译技巧的掌握
考查重点1、各类重要句型结构（定语从句等）2、搭配（动词短语，名词短语）3、重点词的用法及习惯表达4、主要语法规则及其运用等5、简单的翻译技巧（省略、补充，词义选择引申、词性转换、长句拆分、逆序翻译等)。
翻译的标准■信：意义忠实于原文■达：表达通顺，符合逻辑■雅：语言优美
1.明确命题意图，做到有的放矢。2.注意英语的习惯表达以及英汉两种语言的不同之处。3.不要逐字翻译。解题指导通读短文，了解大意。分析要求翻译的句子的结构、类型、时态调序、润色切不可逐字逐句地翻译
翻译技巧指导：（易错点、难点)连词的翻译定语从句的翻译it句型的翻译否定转移的翻译被动语态的翻译
and: 和、与Lucy and her mther ften g shpping n weekends.■露西和她妈妈经常周末去购物。（不可省）Yung peple and lder peple d nt always agree. They smetimes have different ideas abut living, wrking and playing.■年青人和老人（的想法)不总是一致，有时他们对生活、工作和玩有不同的看法。（不可省）
The sun is bright, and the sky is clear.太阳是明亮的，和天空是干净的。(×)阳光明媚，晴空万里。（省译）He left the cmpany in March last year and went t Harvard as a visiting schlar.去年三月他离开公司，去哈佛做了访问学者。（省译）
Hwever, they wrry abut their schl wrk and can't fall asleep quickly.然而，他们担心他们的学业，不能很快入眠。（省译）他不开心，不知道如何处理这件事。He is unhappy and desn't knw hw t deal with this thing.解题策略英语中连词用得多，汉语中连词用得少。英译汉时，有些连词可以省译。汉译英时，要适当增加连词，成文连贯。
Thugh it isn’t like a table，I like it very much虽然它看起来不像张桌子，但是我很喜欢它。（成对使用)补译虽然那个梦想没有实现，但是现在他成功了。Thugh that dream has nt cme true, nw he is successful.That dream has nt cme true, but he is successful. (删减)解题策略：英语中＂thugh”、“but”/＂because”、＂s”只能用其中之一，但汉语中“虽然但是”、“因为…所以”等句式结构要可以成对使用。
Guilin is a place where there are muntains and rivers.桂林是个有山有水的地方。He refused t give up the gal which is very clear.他拒绝放弃近在咫尺的目标。解题策略 对于较短的定语从句，英译汉时，可译成带“的”的前置定语，可把复合句译成简单句。He was very thankful t the land where he grew up.他很感谢他生长的这片土地。
I met an ld man wh asked me t pay attentin t health.我遇到一位老人，这位老人要我注意健康。解题策略对于结构复杂且较长的定语从句，在英译汉时，可将其后置，将整个句子结构译成并列句，并重复先行词。They shuld keep away frm thse jbs which can have bad influence n their lives.他们应该远离这些工作，这些工作会对他们的生活有很坯的影响。
解题策略：引导词it做形式主语、形式宾语时，本身没有独立意义，可以省译。熟记it句型，做到英汉互译自如。It be adj (fr sb)t d sth. 对sb.来说，做sth.(要sb.做sth.)It takes sb sme time)t d sth. sb.花费多少时间做sth.。I find/think it +adj t d sth. 我认为做sth. …
It was difficult t remember all the faces and names.要记住所有的面孔和名字很难。I think it hard fr them t understand yu jke我认为，对他们来说，明白你的笑话很难.=我认为，要他们明白你的笑话很难， It tk the vlunteers the whle afternn t clean up the park.志愿者花了整整一个下午打扫公园
I dn’t think he can pass the exam. 我认为他不可能通过这次考试I dn’t believe that he can speak t the ld s implitely。我相信他不会对老人那么无礼说话。解题策略：当主句部分是＂I dn’t think＂ , " I dn’t believe＂，“I dn’t suppse ”等结构时，翻译成汉语时，要注意否定转移在宾语从句里。
我认为我们不该浪费时间I dn't think/suppse we shuld waste time.我相信他不会抽烟。I dn't believe he can smke.汉译英：否定转移，变成I dn’t think/believe
被动语态的句子有时有“被”有时无”被”，一定认真分析主动还是被动。熟记被动语态的各种时态一般现在时：am/is/are+动词过去分词一般过去时：was/were+动词过去分词一般将来词：will be+动词过去分词现在完成时：have/has been+动词过去分词情态动词的被动语态：+动词过去分词
The blue sky is reflected(映衬)in the deep blue lake.蓝蓝的天空映衬在深蓝色的湖水中。（无“被”)Sme f his wrks are translated int English, French and Japanese. 他的一些作品被译成了英语、法语和日语。 (有“被”)我们学校是2011年建的。 （无“被”)Our schl was built in 2011.
Friday is here and mst f us enjy what the weekend brings. 1. Maybe yu will spend sme time n yur hbby. 2. 没有爱好就没有真正的快乐。Hbbies help ur happiness. They give us purpse, meaning, a creative utlet, and they can even relieve stress.One f my blg entries, frm May f 2016, tells us hw hbbies can help us identify sme f ur passins and that in turn can give us interesting cntent t include in a life stry r things like playing cards r ther games, especially at family gatherings, can lead t sme gd memry. Or what abut a day n the lake r the glf curse?
也许你会花一些时间在你的爱好上。
There is n real happiness withut hbbies.
当然，像打牌或其他游戏，特别是在家庭聚会上，可以导致一些良好的记忆力。
4. Yu can get gegraphy and histry lessns frm cllecting stamps r cins frm arund the wrld.One f the things I enjy is playing guitar. It’s a hbby — I am nt nearly gd enugh fr pubic perfrmances. 5. 但是我喜欢边弹吉他边唱歌， 以此来放松自己。 Get me arund a few friends, family members r even a classrm full f students and I might break int a sng. I was ding that tday with my 5th graders.If yu want t start a new hbby r even search fr new ideas, then check ut A Full Guide On Hw T Start A New Hbby. It’s psted n the SewingIsAwesme.cm website. Sme f the takeaways fr me frm the article included hw hbbies can intrduce us t new peple, widen ur knwledge and skills, and imprve ur cnfidence and self-esteem. Win, win and win.
你可以从世界各地收集邮票或硬币中获得地理和历史课程。
But I like playing the guitar and singing t relax myself.
（2021湖南·株洲）根据上下文将文中画线部分译成汉语或者英语。The Internet and yur friends influence yur beauty standards. 1. 你的朋友总是在网上发照片。They want t shw ff their beautiful dresses r strng bdies, and yu will cmpare yurself t them.First f all, nt t fllw ppular beauty standards blindly. They are ut f reach fr 99% f us, s it’s better t just frget abut them.2. Anther suggestin is t tell yurself that yu are special. Talk abut yur feelings with smene yu trust. Hearing hw much they value yu can help yu feel cmfrtable in yur wn skin. 3. 每个人都了不起。Everyne has their wn talents.
Yur friends always pst phts nline.
另一个建议是告诉你自己你很特别
Everyne is excellent.
Finally, it is a gd idea t try t direct yur attentin away frm bad thughts. T achieve this, yu shuld d smething yu enjy. Yu can enjy yurselves by learning. 4. This is a lifelng jurney because every day brings smething new. Yu can als take part in scial activities, like playing sprts with yur friends. These things can help yu take yur mind ff matters that wrry yu and make yu feel gd abut yurself.Yu may ften judge yurself by what is n the utside, nt n the inside. Hwever, like a bk, yur cntents are much mre imprtant than yur cver. 5. Dn’t judge a bk by its cver. If yu can learn t see the gd things abut yurself, yu will sn begin t lve yurself just the way yu are.
这是一个终生的旅途，因为每天都会带来新的东西。
不要通过封面来评判一本书。/不要以貌取人。
1、语篇翻译Last mnth we asked ur students abut their free time activities. Our questins were abut exercise, use f the Internet and watching TV. Here are the results.We fund that nly fifteen percent f ur students exercise every day. Frty-five percent exercise fur t six times a week. Twenty percent exercise nly ne t three times a week. 1.百分之二十的同学一点也不锻炼。We all knw that my students ften g nline, 2.but we were surprised that ninety percent f them use the Internet every day. The ther ten percent use it at least three r fur times a week. Mst students use it fr fun and nt fr hmewrk.The answers t ur questins abut watching televisin were als interesting. Only tw percent f the students watch TV ne t three times a week. Thirteen percent watch TV fur t six times a week. And eighty-five percent watch TV every day! 3.Althugh many students like t watch sprts, game shws are the mst ppular.It is gd t relax by using the Internet r watching game shws, but we think the best way t relax is thrugh exercise. 4.它有益于身心健康。Exercise such as playing sprts is fun, and yu can spend time with yur friends and family as yu play tgether. And remember, “ld habits die hard”. 5.S start exercising befre it’s t late!1．_______________________2．_______________________3．_______________________4．_______________________5．_______________________
Twenty percent f the students dn’t exercise at all.但我们惊讶的是，90%的人每天都使用互联网。虽然很多学生喜欢看体育节目，但游戏节目是最受欢迎的。It is gd fr physical and mental health.所以在太晚之前开始锻炼吧！
2、语篇翻译I did smething special n my vacatin. I went t the Hangzhu Natinal Tea Museum. It’s near a lake. 1.它是令人放松的地方。The tea art perfrmances are wnderful. They shw hw t make a perfect cup f tea with beautiful tea sets. 2. Drinking tea is enjyable. As yu knw, 3. China is famus fr tea. Tea is prduced in many different areas in China.4. Tea is sent t many different cuntries. It’s gd fr bth health and business. Many peple drink Chinese tea. 5.茶是中国文化的一部分。In China, tea has a very lng histry, and Hangzhu is widely knwn fr its tea.1．________________2．________________3．________________4．________________5．________________
It’s a relaxing place.喝茶是令人愉快的。中国以茶而闻名。茶叶被送往许多不同的国家。Tea is a part f Chinese culture.
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