2021年山西省吕梁市高考英语三模试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份2021年山西省吕梁市高考英语三模试卷（含答案解析），共20页。试卷主要包含了只允许修改10处，多者不计分，个人感受，【答案】D、C、B、D，【答案】A、B、B、D，ur改为their，n改为fr等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2021年山西省吕梁市高考英语三模试卷

A
Gardens are a welcome gift from the natural world.Here are several places where beauty is blooming（盛开）：
Longwood Gardens,Kennett Square,Pennsylvania
Families are encouraged to explore this Pennsylvania gem（珍奇之地）.Kids may want to search for the dozens of unusual animal statues that can be found throughout the garden.Different in size,shape and color,some are more than 100 years old.You'll also find an entire garden area designed for the art of cutting trees and bushes into different shapes
Desert Botanical Garden.Phoenix Arizona
Hidden within the red landscape of Papago Park,the Desert Botanical Garden hosts one of the worlds finest collections of desert plants.The garden is home to rare,threatened and endangered plant species from round the world.Families enjoy the magical Butterfly Pavilion where beautiful winged creatures,native to the Southwest,gently stay on young visitors.
Brooklyn Botanic Garden,Brooklyn,New York
During the best of times,toddler（幼儿）discovery,tree detective and family weekend programs combine to make this an outstanding place to inspire young naturalists.The expanded Discovery Garden created for the youngest garden guests,provides hands-on opportunities to study plant and animal life.Don't miss the unique beauty of the Japanese Hill-and-Pond Garden,for which the Brooklyn Botanic Garden is noted.
Magnolia Plantation,Charleston,South Carolina
See camellias,daffodils,azaleas and scores of other species in bloom within Americas oldest public garden.Founded in 1676 and open for visitors since 1870，the expansive and historic plantation is home to the last large-scale Romantic Garden left in the United States.Kids will love the petting zoo and nature center,where they can get friendly with white tail deer,pygmy goats and other small creatures.
1. What can be seen in Longwood Gardens？ ______
A. Oldest trees. B. Rare animals.
C. Desert plants. D. Animal statues.
2. What is the Brooklyn Botanic Garden known for？ ______
A. The Discovery Garden.
B. The Japanese Hill-and-Pond Garden.
C. The magical Butterfly Pavilion.
D. The last large-scale Romantic Garden.
3. When was Magnolia Plantation open to the public？ ______
A. In the 1670s. B. Before 1870.
C. About 150 years ago. D. Since 200 years ago.
B
In June,11-year-old Nigerian ballet dancer Anthony Mmesoma Madu was filmed barefoot,spinning and leaping gracefully in the air and landing in concrete,rain puddles（水坑）.Just a few short months later,he has become an Internet star and gained a famous scholarship in America.
Madu thought he was being recorded for a study session by his ballet instructor,instead,the short video practicing his moves was posted on social media and has been shared widely across the world,with of his fans including Hollywood actors Cynthia Erivo and Viola Davis.
His dancing also caught the attention of Cynthia Harvey,the artistic director of the ABT Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis School of Dance in New York.Harvey was so impressed by his talent that she tracked him down and offered him a scholarship with the American Ballet Theatre where he will attend a summer school in 2021.
Madu says his interest in ballet developed after watching Barbie in the 12 Dancing Princesses,a 2006 cartoon about 12 princesses who share a passion for the dance. "When I was watching the cartoon,I told my mum that I want to do ballet," he said
He eventually got the chance to learn the dance after relocating to Ojo,a suburb（郊区）of Lagos with his mother,where they met Daniel Owoseni Ajala,founder of the Leap of Dance Academy.Ajala founded the dance academy in 2017 and has been teaching ballet for free to children who are unable to pay for a dance education since then.
When the self-taught instructor learned of Madu's desire to dance,he said he encouraged Madu's mother to let him sign up.It was during one of their sessions that he recorded Madu's dance video,but he never imagined that it would circulate rapidly.
"The video wasn't something we imagined to come out the way it did.It was just something that was supposed to show corrections of movements.It was bigger than I imagined,and I started getting calls.Celebrities were posting us," he said.
4. What can we know about Anthony Mmesoma Madu？ ______
A. He decided to apply for a scholarship.
B. He became one of Viola Davis' big fans.
C. He posted his short video on social media.
D. He impressed many people by his dancing.
5. When did Madu show interest in ballet？ ______
A. After attending a dance academy.
B. After moving to a suburb of Lagos.
C. After watching a lively cartoon.
D. After meeting Daniel Owoseni Ajala.
6. How can we describe Daniel Owoseni Ajala？ ______
A. Demanding but sympathetic. B. Warm-hearted and respectable.
C. Stubborn but generous. D. Creative and outstanding.
7. Which can be a suitable title for the text？ ______
A. A Non-profit Dance Academy
B. A Wonderful Dance Performance
C. A Self-taught Ballet Instructor
D. An 11-year-old Nigerian Ballet Boy
C
You may want to bring honey the next time you have a cold,a study says.That's because honey has been shown to provide better cough relief than some over-the-counter drugs,Oxford University researchers aid in findings published in BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine.
"Honey is more effective than usual care choices for improving upper respiratory tract infection（呼吸道感染）symptoms,particularly reducing cough frequency and cough severity," the scientists said in the findings.
Researchers said they reviewed 14 about upper respiratory tract infections,also known as common colds.Symptoms can include runny or stuffy nose,sneezing,sore throat and coughing,according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention（CDC）.
Four of the studies examined comparisons between honey and diphenhydramine，an antihistamine that can be used to relieve coughs,according to the U.S.government.It's sold at U.S.drugstores under several brand names and is combined with other ingredients（成分）in some cold medicines.
In their findings,Oxford scientists said honey was "significantly better than" diphenhydramine honey was "not significantly better" at cough relief when compared to another class of medicines,called dextromethorphan,according to a review of two studies with a combined 137 patients.Dextromethorphan is used to suppress（抑制）coughs.
Anyone sick with a cold should talk to a druggist or doctor about the best medicines for them,according to health officials."Over-the-counter medicines may provide temporary relief of symptoms,but they will not cure your illness," the CDC said on its website.
The CDC includes honey on its list of possible ways to suppress coughs.Other tips for feeling better from a cold include getting enough rest,breathing in steam and using saline spray,according to the CDC.
8. What's the author's purpose in writing this text？ ______
A. To prove honey's effectiveness in relieving cough.
B. To inform the readers how to better prevent colds.
C. To make a comparison between honey and medicines.
D. To give a description of symptoms of common colds.
9. What does the underlined word "diphenhydramine" in Paragraph 4 refer to？ ______
A. A cold symptom. B. A sort of sweet food.
C. A kind of cold medicine. D. A brand name of medicine.
10. What can we infer from CDC's advice？ ______
A. Honey safer choice for relief of cold symptoms.
B. Breathing in steam is a better way to suppress coughs.
C. Honey doesn't work for all the patients with a cold.
D. Over-the-counter medicines are a waste of money.
11. Where is this text most likely from？ ______
A. A history book. B. An academic magazine.
C. A medicine textbook. D. A science fiction.
D
A report has warned of a "destructive" decline in freshwater fish,with nearly a third threatened extinction（灭绝）.Conservation groups said 80 species were known to have gone extinct,16 in the last year alone.
The report said populations of migratory fish have fallen by three-quarters in the last 50 years.Over the same time period,populations of larger species,known as "megafish"，have crashed by 94%.In UK waters,the sturgeon and the burbot have disappeared,salmon are disappearing and the European eel remains extremely endangered.
According to the WWF，much of the decline is driven by the poor state of rivers,mostly as a result of pollution.Besides,dams and waste water are also the factors.It has called on the government to restore freshwater habitats to good health through proper carrying out of existing laws,strengthening protections in the Environment Bill and championing a strong set of global targets for the recovery of nature.
Dave Tickner,from WWF，said freshwater habitats are some of the most full of life on earth,but as this report shows they are in "destructive" decline around the world. "If we are to take this government's environmental promises seriously,it must get its act together,clean up our rivers and restore our freshwater habitats to good health," said the organization's chief adviser on freshwater.
Carmen Revenga of The Nature Conservancy said freshwater fish are a diverse and unique group of species that are not only important for the healthy functioning of our rivers,lakes and wetlands,but millions of people,particularly the poor,also depend on them for their food and income.
"It's now more urgent than ever that we find the collective political will and effective cooperation with private industries,governments,NGOs（Non-Governmental Organizations）and communities,to carry out nature-based solutions that protect freshwater species,while also ensuring human needs are met," she said.
12. How is the second paragraph developed？ ______
A. By examples. B. By argument.
C. By explanations. D. By cause and effect.
13. What is the main reason for freshwater fish's decline？ ______
A. Overfishing. B. River pollution.
C. Global warming. D. Natural disasters.
14. What is Paragraph 5 mainly about？ ______
A. The features of freshwater fish.
B. The significance of freshwater fish.
C. The situation of freshwater habitats.
D. The functions of conservation groups.
15. What is Carmen Revenga's attitude towards freshwater fish's state？ ______
A. Indifferent. B. Ambiguous. C. Optimistic. D. Concerned.
Another term is underway.（1） ______ We've offered some easy tips to help you improve your productivity and maintain most of your wisdom through the academic year.
Turn off social media notifications（通知）.Social media is great for connecting with your friends and the world around you,but it can be a serious distraction（分心）when you're trying to get into the zone：Tum them off.Put your phone into Do Not Disturb pattern.（2） ______
Figure out when you do your best work.Some people are energized first thing in the morning.Others thrive（活跃）when they're burning the midnight oil.If you don't really know when you're at your best,try keeping a time journal for a couple of weeks.（3） ______ After a while,you'll find the pattern that works best for you.
Skip the to-do lists.Create a schedule,instead.Some people thrive on to-do lists.If that's you,then move along.If not,abandon the lists in favor of time blocking.（4） ______ Organize your work time properly so that every period of time has a job.
（ 5） ______ You have a research paper to write.If you can spare four hours and title it "Write research paper"，you're still likely to feel at a loss and unsure how to get started.Instead,think about what you have to do first in the research writing process.After that,write an outline.Breaking big projects into bite-sized pieces will make the process a lot more enjoyable.

A.How will you make the most of it？
B.Do you arrive at the final determination？
C.Break complex tasks into more manageable ones.
D.Note how you felt and how well you stayed on task.
E.Plan work and study sessions then whenever possible.
F.Facing down a lengthy to-do list can make people discouraged.
G.You'll get that paper written a lot faster without the interruptions.
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
Joe Eitl,37，was born with cardiac defects（心脏缺陷）.When he was a kid,he experienced the first of many operations to improve his（1） ______ .Since then,he has experienced other（2） ______ and has been treated with medicines.
However,he's created a（3） ______ life in the process.In fact,he's been a bit（4） ______ in his community.Joe has always had lots of friends,is a Special Olympics multisport athlete and has（5） ______ a local rock band.And a local bakery even（6） ______ a sandwich in his honor：The Joey.
But a year ago,Joe went into heart failure.He was（7） ______ and his heart problem also caused stress to his organs.His parents started the（8） ______ ，complex process of having him（9） ______ for a possible heart transplant（移植）.Even the ever-lively Joe some days found it hard to gather any energy.
So his mother,Peg Eitl started（10） ______ on Facebook about his long medical journey.Friends and family members posted Facebook（11） ______ for people to send Joe cards and notes of（12） ______ because he loves receiving（13） ______ mail.Others then shared the post,which（14） ______ even more shares.
And the mail started coming.One card came with a hand-drawn picture from a little girl and a note that（15） ______ ，"You don't know us,but we wanted you to know our family are （16） ______ for you."
The Eitls couldn't（17） ______ all the mail Joe has received,even if they tried."We have thousands of cards," said Peg （18） ______ ."Whether he gets a transplant or not,we don't know,but the cards,the letters and the gifts from strangers have literally made a（19） ______ between a day he didn't want to get out of bed and a day he bounced out of bed.It's been（20） ______ ！ "
21.  A. status B. condition C. feeling D. confidence
22.  A. holidays B. failures C. procedures D. services
23.  A. perfect B. joyful C. lonely D. simple
24.  A. sensitive B. silent C. smart D. famous
25.  A. dismissed B. invited C. fronted D. employed
26.  A. ordered B. sold C. advertised D. named
27.  A. weak B. tough C. optimistic D. lost
28.  A. long B. meaningful C. repeated D. hopeless
29.  A. persuaded B. predicted C. cared D. evaluated
30.  A. reviewing B. learning C. posting D. searching
31.  A. posters B. requests C. stories D. findings
32.  A. praise B. mercy C. support D. regret
33.  A. digital B. traditional C. appealing D. interesting
34.  A. led to B. called for C. depended on D. held back
35.  A. printed B. carried C. wrote D. read
36.  A. praying B. singing C. crying D. worrying
37.  A. open B. count C. send D. list
38.  A. sadly B. anxiously C. excitedly D. calmly
39.  A. decision B. choice C. mistake D. difference
40.  A. awesome B. curious C. awkward D. puzzling
41. Since tourism is influenced by a wide range of different activities and industries,all industry（1） ______ （category）and stakeholders such as tourists,governments,host communities,tourism businesses,need to cooperate on sustainable（可持续的）tourism in order to be（2） ______ （success）.
The World Tourism Organization（UNWTO），（3） ______ is the United Nations agency responsible for the promotion of sustainable tourism,and the Global Sustainable Tourism Council（GSTC）have similar opinions（4） ______ what makes tourism sustainable.By their account,sustainable tourism should make（5） ______ best use of environmental resources while helping to preserve natural heritage and biodiversity,respect the socio-culture of local host communities,and contribute to intercultural understanding.（6） ______ （economical），it should also make sure viable（可行的）long-term operations will provide benefits to all stakeholders,whether that includes stable employment to locals,social services,（7） ______ contributions to poverty reduction.
The GSTC has developed a series of criteria（8） ______ （create）a common language about sustainable travel and tourism.These criteria（9） ______ （use）to distinguish sustainable destination ones and organizations can also help create sustainable policies for businesses and government agencies.（10） ______ （arrange）in four pillars（支柱），the global baseline standards include sustainable management,socioeconomic effects,cultural effects,and environmental effects.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
42. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分
At the age of 10，I begin to chat with foreigners.At first,I was very shy.and gradually with foreigners' help,I became more and more confidence.The following year,I went to Yangzhou with two foreigners as our guide.We visited the Slender West Lake when we took lots of photos,enjoying the beautiful scenery.After that,they went to buy souvenir.The sellers couldn't speak English.Though it was little hard for me I tried my best to translate their words on both sides.Finally the two foreigners accompanying by me bought satisfactory goods.This unforgettable experience made me to understand what "Practice makes perfect." means.
假定你是李华，上周你和几位同学参加了英文短剧 Hamlet的演出。请你为班级的英语角写一篇短文，介绍这次活动，内容包括：
1.参与人员；
2.活动情况；
3.个人感受。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.题目已为你写好，不计入总词数。
A Memorable performance_______.答案和解析

1~3.【答案】D、B、C

【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第二自然段"Kids may want to search for the dozens of unusual animal statues that can be found throughout the garden. (孩子们可能想要在花园里寻找几十个不同寻常的动物雕像)"可知，在Longwood Gardens可以看到动物雕像。故选D项。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据第四自然段"Don't miss the unique beauty of the Japanese Hill-and-Pond Garden,for which the Brooklyn Botanic Garden is noted. (不要错过日本山塘花园的独特之美，布鲁克林植物园因其闻名)"可知，Brooklyn Botanic Garden因the Japanese Hill-and-Pond Garden而闻名。故选B项。
（3）C.细节理解题。根据第五自然段"Founded in 1676 and open for visitors since 1870,the expansive and historic plantation is home to the last large-scale Romantic Garden left in the United States. (建于1676年，自1870年以来对游客开放，广阔而历史悠久的种植园是美国最后一个大型浪漫花园)"可知，Magnolia Plantation从1870对游客开放至今，已经有151年了。故选C项。
本文是说明文，介绍了三个美不胜收的花园。
1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

4~7.【答案】D、C、B、D

【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。根据第一段"Madu was filmed barefoot,spinning and leaping gracefully in the air and landing in concrete,rain puddles（Madu被拍到光着脚，在空中优雅地旋转跳跃，最后落在混凝土和雨坑中。）"及第二段"the short video of him practicing his moves was posted on social media and has been shared widely across the world,with some of his fans including Hollywood actors Cynthia Erivo and Viola Davis.（然而，他练习动作的短视频被发布在了社交媒体上，并在世界各地广泛分享，包括好莱坞演员Cynthia Erivo和Viola Davis在内的一些粉丝。）"可知，他的跳芭蕾的视频很打动人心，给好多人留下深刻印象，被广为分享。故选D项。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据第四段"Madu says his interest in ballet developed after watching Barbie in the 12 Dancing Princesses,a 2006 cartoon about 12 princesses who share a passion for the dance.（Madu说，他对芭蕾的兴趣是在2006年看了《12位跳舞的公主》中的芭比之后发展起来的，这是一部关于12位公主都热爱舞蹈的漫画。）"可知，他是看完一部生动的关于芭蕾舞的卡通片之后，对芭蕾舞产生兴趣。故选C项。
（3）B.推理判断题。根据第五段"…where they met Daniel Owoseni Ajala,founder of the Leap of Dance Academy.Ajala founded the dance academy in 2017 and has been teaching ballet for free to children who are unable to pay for a dance education since then.（…在那里他们遇到了舞蹈学院的创始人Daniel Owoseni Ajala。Ajala于2017年创办了这所舞蹈学院，从那时起就一直在为无力支付舞蹈教育费用的孩子们免费教授芭蕾舞。）"及第六段"When the self-taught instructor learned of Madu's desire to dance,he said he encouraged Madu's mother to let him sign up.（这位自学成才的教练说，当他得知玛杜想要跳舞时，他鼓励Madu的母亲让他报名。）"可知，这位教练免费为付不起学费的孩子教授舞蹈，建议Madu报名，还分享Madu的练习视频，是一个热心的，值得人们敬重的。A.Demanding but sympathetic要求高但富有同情心的；B.Warm-hearted and respectable热情而可敬的；C.Stubborn but generous固执但慷慨的；D.Creative and outstanding富有创造力和卓越的品质的。故选B项。
（4）D.标题判断题。根据第一段"In June,11-year-old Nigerian ballet dancer Anthony Mmesoma Madu was filmed barefoot,spinning and leaping gracefully in the air and landing in concrete,rain puddles（水坑）.Just a few short months later,he has become an Internet star and gained a famous scholarship in America.（今年6月，11岁的尼日利亚芭蕾舞演员安东尼·姆梅索玛短短几个月后，他就成为了网络明星，并在美国获得了一份著名的奖学金。）"这是一篇新闻类文章，主要报道这个11岁小男孩生活条件恶劣，为舞蹈而着迷，他的一段练习视频感动了很多人。小男孩是本文主角。所以"D.An 11-year-old Nigerian Ballet Boy"作为题目最合适。故选D项。
这是一篇记叙文。讲述了11岁的尼日利亚芭蕾舞演员安东尼·姆梅索玛·马杜(Anthony Mmesoma Madu)被拍到光着脚，在空中优雅地旋转跳跃，最后落在混凝土和雨坑中。短短几个月后，他就成为了网络明星，并在美国获得了一份著名的奖学金。
1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

8~11.【答案】A、C、C、B

【解析】（1）A.推理判断题。根据第一段You may want to bring honey the next time you have a cold,a study says.That's because honey hasbeen shown to provide better cough relief than some over-the-counter drugs,Oxford University researchers said in findingspublished in BMJ Evidence- Based Medicine.(一项研究表明，下次感冒时你可能想带蜂蜜。牛津大学的研究人员在《英国医学杂志一基于证据的医学》上发表的研究结果中称，这是因为蜂蜜比一些非处方药更能缓解咳嗽)下文介绍正对这个说法的研究开展过程可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是证明蜂蜜的止咳功效。故选A.
（2）C.词句猜测题。根据画线词后文an antihistamine that can be used to relieve coughs,according to the U.S.government.It's soldat U.S.drugstores under several brand names and is combined with other ingredients in some cold medicines.一种抗组胺药，可用于缓解咳嗽，据美国政府称，它在美国药店以几个品牌出售，并与其他成分混合(成分）在一些感冒药里。可知，diphenhydramine是一种可以用来缓解咳嗽的抗组胺药。这种药在美国的药店以几种品牌出售，并与其他成分混合在一些感冒药中。故画线部分指的是"一种感冒药"。故选C.
（3）C.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Anyone sick with a cold should talk to a druggist or doctor about the best medicines for them,according to health officials. "Over-the-counter medicines may provide temporary relief of symptoms,but they will no cure yourilness," the CDC said on its website.(卫生官员表示，任何感冒患者都应该向药剂师或医生咨询适合自己的最佳药物。美国疾病控制与预防中心在其网站上表示:"非处方药物可能暂时缓解症状,但不能治愈你的疾病。"故可从CDC的建议中推断出蜂蜜并不是对所有的感冒病人都有效。故选C.
（4）B.文章出处题。根据第一段You may want to bring honey the next time you have a cold,a study says.That's because honey hasbeen shown to provide better cough relief than some over-the-counter drugs,Oxford University researchers said in findingspublished in BMJ Evidence- Based Medicine.(一项研究表明，下次感冒时你可能想带蜂蜜。牛津大学的研究人员在《英国医学杂志一基于证据的医学》上发表的研究结果中称，这是因为蜂蜜比一些非处方药更能缓解咳嗽)以及第二段Honey is moreeffective than usual care choices for improving upper respiratory tract infection symptoms,particularly reducing cough frequency and cough severity," the scientists said in the findings. (科学家在研究报告中说:"蜂蜜在改善上呼吸道感染症状方面.比一般护理选择更有效，尤其是在减少咳嗽频率和咳嗽的严重程度方面。"可知，文章主要介绍了蜂蜜比-些非处方药更能缓解咳嗽，以及相关的研究。由此推知,文章可能选自一本学术杂志。A.A history book历史书；B.An academic magazine一本学术杂志；C.A medicine textbook医学教科书；D.A science fiction科幻小说。故选B.
这是一篇说明文。牛津大学的研究人员在《英国医学杂志一基于证据的医学》上发表的研究结果中称，蜂蜜比一些非处方药更能缓解咳嗽。文章介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及美国疾病控制与预防中心对蜂蜜缓解咳嗽的建议。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料。
其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性。对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。

12~15.【答案】A、B、B、D

【解析】（1）A.推理判断题。根据第二段"The report said populations of migratory fish have fallen by three-quarters in the last 50 years.Over the same time period,populations of larger species,known as "megafish",have crashed by 94%,In UK waters,the sturgeon and the burbot have disappeared,salmon are disappearing and the European eel remains extremely endangered.(该报告称，在过去50年里，洄游鱼类的数量减少了四分之三。在同一时期，被称为"巨鱼"的大型物种的数量减少了94%。在英国水域，鲟鱼和波贝鱼消失了，鲑鱼正在消失，欧洲鳗鱼仍然极度濒危。)"可知，第二段是通过举例子展开的。故选A.
（2）B.细节理解题。根据第三段中"According to the WWF,much of the decline is driven by the poor state of rivers,mostly as a result of pollution.(根据世界自然基金会的说法，减少的主要原因是污染导致的河流状况不佳。)"可知，淡水鱼数量下降的主要原因是河流污染。故选B.
（3）B.段落大意题。根据第五段"Carmen Revenga of The Nature Conservancy said freshwater fish are a diverse and unique group of species that are not only important for the healthy functioning of our rivers,lakes and wetlands,but millions of people,particularly the poor,also depend on them for their food and income.(大自然保护协会的Carmen Revenga说，淡水鱼是一个多样性和独特的物种群，它们不仅对河流、湖泊和湿地的健康运行非常重要，而且对数百万人，特别是穷人，也依赖它们提供食物和收入。)"可知，第五段主要说明了淡水鱼的重要性。故选B.
（4）D.情感态度题。根据最后一段""It's now more urgent than ever that we find the collective political will and effective cooperation with private industries,governments,NGOs(Non-Governmental Organizations) and communities,to carry out nature-based solutions that protect freshwater species,while also ensuring human needs are met," she said.(她说："现在比以往任何时候都更加紧迫的是，我们需要找到集体的政治意愿，并与私营企业、政府、非政府组织和社区进行有效的合作，以实施基于自然的解决方案，保护淡水物种，同时确保满足人类的需求。")"可知，Carmen Revenga关心淡水鱼的状况。A.Indifferent漠不关心的；B.Ambiguous模棱两可的；C.Optimistic乐观的；D.Concerned关心的。故选D.
这是一篇说明文。一份报告警告说，淡水鱼的数量正在"破坏性"下降，近三分之一的淡水鱼面临灭绝的威胁。保护组织表示，已知有80种物种已经灭绝，仅去年一年就有16种。文章分析了淡水鱼数量下降的原因以及人们对此的看法和建议。
1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

16~20.【答案】A、G、D、F、C

【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据下一句"We've offered some easy tips to help you improve your productivity and maintain most of your wisdom through the academic year."我们提供了一些简单的建议来帮助你提高你的生产力，并在整个学年保持你大部分的智慧。A项"你将如何充分利用它?" 中的it指代前一句的another term,紧接着后文给出建议。A选项承上启下，故选A项。
（2）G.推理判断题。根据前文"Social media is great for connecting with your friends and the world around you,but it can be a serious distraction when you're trying to get into the zone"社交媒体可以很好地与你的朋友和周围的世界联系，但当你试图进入状态时，它可能会严重分散你的注意力。前文说社交媒体会分散注意力。G项"没有干扰，你的论文会写得更快。"中的"没有干扰"指的是前文的社交媒体，选项照应前文，故选G项。
（3）D.推理判断题。根据前文"If you don't really know when you're at your best,try keeping a time journal for a couple of weeks."如果你真的不知道自己什么时候是最佳状态,试着连续几周写时间日志。前文说不知道自己的状态时可以写日志。D选项"注意你的感受以及你对任务的完成情况"。选项D是前文的延续，故选D项。
（4）F.推理判断题。根据前文"If not,abandon the lists in favor of time blocking"如果不是,那就放弃这些列表，以便于时间封锁。前文建议放弃列表。F项说"面对长长的待办事项清单会让人气馁。"选项是对前一句的解释,故选F项。
（5）C.段落大意题。根据本段最后一句"Breaking big projects into bite-sized pieces will make the process a lot more enjoyable" 把大的项目分成小的部分会让这个过程更有趣。此处建议把任务分散开来。选项C说把复杂的任务分解成更容易处理的任务。"选项照应最后一句。故选C项。
本文是议论文，新的学期要到来，本文提供了一些简单的建议来帮助你提高学习效率。
关于七选五的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。

21~40.【答案】B、C、B、D、C、D、A、A、D、C、B、C、B、A、D、A、B、C、D、A

【解析】（1）B．考查名词及语境理解。A.status状态；B.condition状况；C.feeling感觉；D.confidence自信。句意：当他还是个孩子的时候，他经历了第一次手术来改善他的身体状况。根据前文"When he was a kid,he experienced the first of many operations to improve"可知，此处表示当他还小的时候，就经历手术来改善健康状况。故选B项。
（2）C．考查名词及语境理解。A.holidays假期；B.failures失败；C.procedures程序；D.services服务。句意：从那以后，他经历了其他手术，并接受了药物治疗。根据本句"he experienced the first of many operations…experienced other  ___（2）__ and has been treated with medicines."可知，第一次手术之后，他还经历了其他的手术程序。故选C项。
（3）B．考查形容词及语境理解。A.perfect完美的；B.joyful快乐的；C.lonely孤独的；D.simple简单的。句意：然而，在这个过程中，他创造了快乐的生活。根据后文"Joe has always had lots of friends,is a Special Olympics multisport athlete and has  ___（5）__ a local rock band."可知，虽然Joe经历着病痛和手术治疗，但是他的生活仍然丰富多彩，他为自己创造了快乐的生活。故选B项。
（4）D．考查形容词及语境理解。A.sensitive敏感的；B.silent沉默的；C.smart聪明的；D.famous有名的。句意：事实上，他在他的社区已经有点名气了。根据后文"Joe has always had lots of friends,is a Special Olympics multisport athlete and has  ___（5）__ a local rock band."可知，Joe有很多朋友，并且取得了一些事业上的成就，所以可以推断，他在社区已经小有名气了。故选D项。
（5）C．考查动词及语境理解。A.dismissed解散；B.invited邀请；C.fronted站在……前面；D.employed雇用。句意：Joe一直有很多朋友，是特奥会多项目运动员，还担任过当地摇滚乐队的主唱。根据后文"a local rock band"可知，此处指Joe担任过乐队主唱，fronted a local rock band意为"担任过当地摇滚乐队的主唱"。故选C项。
（6）D．考查动词及语境理解。A.ordered要求；B.sold出售；C.advertised登广告；D.named命名。句意：当地一家面包店甚至以他的名字命名了一种三明治：Joe三明治。根据后文" a sandwich in his honor:The Joey."可知，此处指一家面包店以他的名字命名了一种三明治。故选D项。
（7）A．考查形容词及语境理解。A.weak虚弱的；B.tough艰难的；C.optimistic乐观的；D.lost迷失的。句意：他很虚弱，他的心脏问题也给他的器官造成了压力。根据前文"But a year ago,Joe went into heart failure…and his heart problem also caused stress to his organs."可知，Joe的健康状况出现了问题，所以可以推断他很虚弱。故选A项。
（8）A．考查形容词及语境理解。A.long漫长的；B.meaningful有意义的；C.repeated重复的；D.hopeless无望的。句意：他的父母开始了一个漫长而复杂的过程，对他进行可能的心脏移植评估。根据后文"complex process of having him"可知，评估过程是复杂的，所以可以推断要花很长时间，应该是漫长的。故选A项。
（9）D．考查动词及语境理解。A.persuaded劝说；B.predicted预测；C.cared关心；D.evaluated评估。句意：他的父母开始了一个漫长而复杂的过程，对他进行可能的心脏移植评估。根据后文"for a possible heart transplant"可知，此处表示对他进行可能的心脏移植评估。故选D项。
（10）C．考查动词及语境理解。A.reviewing评论；B.learning学习；C.posting发布；D.searching寻找。句意：所以他的母亲Peg Eitl开始在Facebook上发布他漫长的医疗过程。根据后文"Even the ever-lively Joe some days found it hard to gather any energy."和"on Facebook about his long medical journey.Friends and family members posted Facebook...to send Joe cards and notes"可知，此处表示在治疗的过程中，Joe有时也发现自己很难积聚精力，所以他的母亲Peg Eitl开始在Facebook上发布他漫长的医疗过程，并且他的家人和朋友也帮助在Facebook上为他收集网友们的卡片和便签以鼓励他。故选C项。
（11）B．考查名词及语境理解。A.posters海报；B.requests请求；C.stories故事；D.findings发现。句意：朋友和家人在Facebook上请求人们给Joe寄卡片和支持的留言，因为他喜欢收到传统的邮件。根据后文"for people to send Joe cards and notes"可知，此处表示朋友和家人在Facebook上请求人们给Joe寄卡片和支持的留言。故选B项。
（12）C．考查名词及语境理解。A.praise称赞；B.mercy怜悯；C.support支持；D.regret遗憾。句意：朋友和家人在Facebook上请求人们给Joe寄卡片和支持的留言，因为他喜欢收到传统的邮件。根据前文"Even the ever-lively Joe some days found it hard to gather any energy."和"notes of  ___（12）___ because he loves receiving  ___（13）___ mail."可知，在治疗的过程中，Joe有时也发现自己很难积聚精力，所以他的家人和朋友在Facebook上请求人们给Joe寄卡片和支持的留言。故选C项。
（13）B．考查形容词及语境理解。A.digital数字的；B.traditional传统的；C.appealing吸引人的；D.interesting有趣的。句意：朋友和家人在Facebook上请求人们给Joe寄卡片和支持的留言，因为他喜欢收到传统的邮件。根据前文"send Joe cards and notes"可知，朋友和家人在Facebook上请求人们给Joe寄卡片和支持的留言，所以可以推断Joe喜欢传统的邮件通信方式。故选B项。
（14）A．考查动词短语及语境理解。A.led to导致；B.called for要求；C.depended on依赖；D.held back退缩。句意：其他人接着分享了这篇帖子，这使得收获了更多的分享。根据本空句子"Others then shared the post,which  ___（14）___ even more shares."可知，网友们的分享让这篇帖子分享得更广。故选A项。
（15）D．考查动词及语境理解。A.printed印刷；B.carried携带；C.wrote写；D.read写着。句意：其中一张卡片上有一个小女孩手绘的图片和一张纸条，上面写着："你不认识我们，但我们想让你知道，我们的家人正在为你祈祷。" 根据后文"You don't know us,but we wanted you to know…"可知，此处表示卡片上写着的内容。故选D项。
（16）A．考查动词及语境理解。A.praying祈祷；B.singing唱歌；C.crying哭喊；D.worrying担心。句意：其中一张卡片上有一个小女孩手绘的图片和一张纸条，上面写着："你不认识我们，但我们想让你知道，我们的家人正在为你祈祷。" 根据前文"but we wanted you to know our family are"可以推断，这些寄卡片的人们都是想要鼓励和支持Joe,所以此处卡片上的文字应该是说他们在为Joe祈祷。故选A项。
（17）B．考查动词及语境理解。A.open打开；B.count数；C.send发送；D.list列出。句意：即使Eitl夫妇想数清楚Joe收到的邮件，他们也数不清。根据本空句子"The Eitls couldn't  ___（17）___ all the mail Joe has received,…"We have thousands of cards,""可知，Joe收到许多的卡片和邮件，多到他们都数不清。故选B项。
（18）C．考查副词及语境理解。A.sadly悲伤地；B.anxiously不安地；C.excitedly激动地；D.calmly镇定地。句意：Peg兴奋地说："我们有成千上万张卡片。" 根据前文"We have thousands of cards"可知，他们收到很多卡片，因此Peg应该是很激动的。故选C项。
（19）D．考查名词及语境理解。A.decision决定；B.choice选择；C.mistake错误；D.difference不同。句意：我们不清楚他是否会得到移植，但是这些卡片，信件和来自陌生人的礼物真的让他在不想下床的一天和他在床上蹦起来的一天之间产生了不同。根据本空句子"the letters and the gifts from strangers have literally made a  ___（19）___ between a day he didn't want to get out of bed and a day he bounced out of bed"可知，此处表示这些信件和来自陌生人的礼物对Joe的精神产生了很大的影响。make a difference意为"有影响"。故选D项。
（20）A．考查形容词及语境理解。A.awesome极好的；B.curious好奇的；C.awkward尴尬的；D.puzzling令人迷惑的。句意：这是很棒的！根据本空句子"the letters and the gifts from strangers have literally made a  ___（20）___"可知，这些信件和来自陌生人的礼物对Joe的精神产生了很大的影响，所以Peg认为这是极好的。故选A项。
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Joe因为先天性心脏缺陷不得不停下他小有成就的事业，进行漫长的心脏移植评估过程。本来乐观积极的他感到力不从心，家人和朋友为了鼓励他，在网上发布了他治疗的经历，请求网友发一些卡片和信件来支持他。Joe收到的很多来自陌生人的信件和卡片，对他影响很大。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。

41.【答案】【小题1】categories
【小题2】successful
【小题3】which
【小题4】about
【小题5】the
【小题6】Economically
【小题7】or
【小题8】to create
【小题9】used
【小题10】Arranged


【解析】（1）categories.考查名词的数。句意：由于旅游业受到各种不同活动和行业的广泛影响，所有行业类别和利益攸关方，如游客、政府、东道国社区、旅游企业，都需要在可持续旅游方面进行合作，以取得成功。category为可数名词，前面有all,所以用复数名词，故填categories.
（2）successful.考查形容词。句意：由于旅游业受到各种不同活动和行业的广泛影响，所有行业类别和利益攸关方，如游客、政府、东道国社区、旅游企业，都需要在可持续旅游方面进行合作，以取得成功。作表语，所以用形容词，故填successful.
（3）which.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：世界旅游组织(UNWTO)是负责促进可持续旅游的联合国机构，和全球可持续旅游理事会(GSTC)对于如何使旅游可持续有着相似的看法。先行词为物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填which.
（4）about.考查介词。句意：世界旅游组织(UNWTO)是负责促进可持续旅游的联合国机构，和全球可持续旅游理事会(GSTC)对于如何使旅游可持续有着相似的看法。表示"关于的观点"，用about和opinion连用，故填about.
（5）the.考查冠词。句意：他们认为，可持续旅游应充分利用环境资源，同时帮助保护自然遗产和生物多样性，尊重当地社区的社会文化，并促进跨文化理解。make the best of充分利用，为固定搭配，故填the.
（6）Economically.考查副词。句意：在经济上，它也应该确保可行的长期运作将为所有利益相关者提供利益，包括为当地人提供稳定的就业、社会服务，或为减贫作出贡献。修饰句子，所以用副词，故填Economically.
（7）or.考查连词。句意：它还应确保可行的长期业务将为所有利益攸关方带来好处，无论是为当地人提供稳定的就业、社会服务，还是为减贫作出贡献。Whether...or...无论……还是……，为固定搭配，故填or.
（8）to create.考查不定式。句意：GSTC制定了一系列标准，以创建一个关于可持续旅游和旅游业的共同语言。不定式作目的状语，故填to create.
（9）used.考查过去分词。句意：这些用于区分可持续目的地和组织的标准也有助于为企业和政府机构制定可持续政策。use和它所修饰的词之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，故填used.
（10）Arranged.考查过去分词。句意：全球基准标准分为四个支柱，包括可持续管理、社会经济效应、文化效应和环境效应。arrange和句子主语之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语，故填Arranged.
本文讲述由于旅游业受到各种不同活动和行业的广泛影响，所有行业类别和利益攸关方，如游客、政府、东道国社区、旅游企业，都需要在可持续旅游方面进行合作，以取得成功。
本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。

42.【答案】At the age of 10，I  begin to chat with foreigners.At first,I was very shy .and gradually with foreigners' help,I became more and more  confidence.The following year,I went to Yangzhou with two foreigners as  our guide.We visited the Slender West Lake  when we took lots of photos,enjoying the beautiful scenery.After that,they went to buy  souvenir.The sellers couldn't speak English.Though it was ∧little hard for me I tried my best to translate their words  on both sides.Finally the two foreigners  accompanying by me bought satisfactory goods.This unforgettable experience made me to understand what "Practice makes perfect." means.
详解：
1.begin改为began.考查动词时态。句意：十岁的时候，我开始和外国人聊天。结合时间状语at the age of 10可知事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故begin改为began.
2.and改为but.考查连词。句意：起初我很害羞，但后来在外国人的帮助下，我变得越来越自信。结合前后文语境可知，此处为转折关系，应用连词but,故and改为but.
3.confidence改为confident.考查形容词。句意：起初我很害羞，但后来在外国人的帮助下，我变得越来越自信。系动词become后应用形容词confident,作表语，故confidence改为confident.
4.our改为their.考查代词。句意：第二年，作为他们的导游，我带着两个外国人去了扬州。根据上下文及语境可知，这里指two foreigners' guide,应用物主代词their,故our改为their.
5.when改为where.考查关系词。句意：我们参观了瘦西湖，在那里我们拍了很多照片，欣赏了美丽的风景。分析可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为the Slender West Lake ，在从句中作状语，所以应用关系副词where,故when改为where.
6.souvenir改为souvenirs.考查名词的数。句意：之后，他们去买纪念品。souvenir为可数名词，由语境及句意可知应用复数形式，故souvenir改为souvenirs.
7.little前加a.考查冠词。句意：虽然对我来说有点困难，但我还是尽力为他们双方进行了翻译。little"几乎没有"，a little"有一点，有一些",根据句意可知，a little符合题意，故little前加a.
8.on改为for.考查介词。句意：虽然对我来说有点困难，但我还是尽力为他们双方进行了翻译。结合句意可知，此处表示为双方进行了翻译，for"为了"符合题意，故on改为for.
9.accompanying改为accompanied.考查过去分词。句意：最后我陪同的两个老外都买到了满意的物品。根据语境及后面的by可知，此处为被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语，故accompanying改为accompanied.
10.去掉to.考查动词不定式。句意：这段难忘的经历让我明白了"熟能生巧"是什么意思。make后习惯接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，故去掉to.

【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己学英语的经历告诉了我们"熟能生巧"的道理。
短文改错是一项综合技能，考查学生对语言的综合运用能力。该题型要求学生在阅读中敏锐地发现、判断、纠正语篇中的词法、句法及语法问题。

43.【答案】A Memorable Performance
Last Friday,my classmates and I took part in the performance of English play Hamlet.All the students and English teachers in our school watched our performance. （参与人员）
Shakespeare's Hamlet is one of the most important English pl ays in English literature.We adapted the short play from the text in our textbook with the help of our foreign teacher.She not only gave us precious advice and guidance,but also attended all the rehearsals. 【高分句型一】（活动情况）
The performance is a big success,which can be seen from the warm applause from the audience.【高分句型二】In addition,this unforgettable experience promotes my love for English literature.（个人感受）

【解析】本篇书面表达属于记叙文，要求考生为班级的英语角写一篇短文，介绍英文短剧Hamlet的演出活动情况。
高分句型一
She not only gave us precious advice and guidance,but also attended all the rehearsals.
翻译：她不仅给了我们宝贵的建议和指导，还参加了所有的排练。
分析：使用了not only...but also...连接两个分句。
高分句型二
The performance is a big success,which can be seen from the warm applause from the audience.
翻译：这次演出非常成功，从观众的热烈掌声中可以看出来。
分析：运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。