2021年高考英语真题和模拟题分类汇编专题08名词性从句含解析

专题08 名词性从句 I、2021年高考真题（2021·新高考I卷·T1）Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatle's song "The Long and Winding Road".      1      is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 【答案】what【解析】考查名词性从句。分析题目，空格处无提示词。分子句子结构可知，_____is so breathing about the experience 作 is 的主语，为主语从句。从句中缺少主语，指代事情；且空格位于句首。故填What。II、2021年高考模拟试题  （2021·诸暨市5月模拟·语法填空·T1）If you take a look around your kitchen or office, chances are ___1___ you’ll notice that you are surrounded by plastic water bottles, take-out cups, plastic grocery bags and food packages. 【答案】that 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：如果你看看你的厨房或办公室，很有可能你会注意到你周围都是塑料水瓶、外卖杯、塑料购物袋和食品包装袋。结合句意表示“很有可能……”句型为chances are that…，that引导标语从句。故填that。 （2021·成都三诊·语法填空·T9）I found this extremely impressive since he hadn't asked me ___9___ I had come to see him.【答案】why【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我觉得这非常令人印象深刻，因为他还没有问过我为什么来见他。在宾语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，且根据asked可知，此处是指询问“我”为什么来见他，所以应用连接副词why。故填why。 （2021·台州市4月调考·语法填空·T1）Well-made, long-lasting clothing is_____1_____ we should buy and wear.【答案】what【解析】考查表语从句。句意：我们应该购买和穿质量好，耐穿的衣物。分析句子可知，此处为表语从句，从句中的buy 和wear缺少宾语，故用连接代词what。 （2021·宝坻区三模·单项填空·T12）The book is of great help to ______ wants to do the job.A. who B. whomever C. no matter who D. whoever【答案】D【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：这本书对任何想做这项工作的人都有很大的帮助。根据句意和句子结构可知，空格处单词引导的句子作介词to的宾语，句子为宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指人，表示“无论谁”，故应用whoever引导从句，who不符合语境，whomever应在从句中作宾语，no matter who只能引导让步状语从句，不用来引导宾语从句。故选D项。 （2021·和平区三模·单项填空·T6）I always read newspapers backwards because the back pages are ______ the sport is.A. that B. where C. how D. what .【答案】B【解析】考察名词性从句。句意：我总是倒着看报纸，因为报纸的后页是关于运动的。分析句子可知，表语从句“______ the sport is”中缺少地点状语，故选B。 （2021·和平区一模·单项填空·T2）We've got a couple of participants in the team. The problem is      can complete this challenging task.A. which B. what C. who D. that【答案】C【解析】考查表语从句。句意：我们队里有几个人。问题是谁能完成这项具有挑战性的任务。分析句子结构，可知空格位于be 动词之后为表语从句，从句中缺少连接词作主语，此处表示人，用who引导该从句。故选C。 （2021·河东区二模·单项填空·T15）Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and________ it is rough or smooth.A. who B. whether C. bow D. what【答案】B【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：大象有它们自己的方式来辨别物体的形状和是否粗糙或光滑。动词tell后面接两个宾语，一个是宾语the shape of an object，一个是宾语从句________ it is rough or smooth，结合or可知，此处表示“无论是……还是……”，所以用whether…or…引导宾语从句。故选B项。 （2021·河西区三模·单项填空·T15）One of the proudest moments in my life is ________ I was rewarded for my courage after saving a drowning child.A. that B. when C. what D. which【答案】B【解析】考查表语从句连接词。句意：我一生中最值得骄傲的时刻之一，是在救了一个溺水儿童后，我的勇气得到了回报。本句为表语从句，从句中缺少时间状语，故用when引导。故选B。 （2021·天津芦台一中六模·单项填空·T8）______ makes our school famous is ______ more than 90% of the students have been admitted to universities.A. What; that B. Which; because C. That; what D. What; because【答案】A【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：使我们学校出名的是，超过90%的学生都被大学录取了。分析可知，句子为“主系表”结构，分别用主语从句和表语从句做相应的句子成分，主语从句中缺主语且表示“什么”的含义，所以用what引导；表语从句中引导词在句中不做任何成分，没有实际意义，所以用that引导。故选A项。 （2021·天津十二区县一模·单项填空·T3）More than 100 students have entered for the competition, and________ gains the most points will be the winner.A. anyone B. the one C. who D. whoever【答案】D【解析】考查主语从句。句意：有100多名学生参加了这次比赛，任何得分最多的人就是获胜者。空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“无论谁，任何人”应用whoever。故选D。 （2021·天津耀华滨海学校适应性考试·单项填空·T12）________is the most important in life is that we should always be confident about the future.A. Who B. Which C. That D. What【答案】D【解析】考查主语从句。句意：生活中最重要的是我们总是要对未来充满信心。分析句子可知，空处引导一个主语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，表示“最重要的事情”，应用连接代词what引导。故选D项。 （2021•柳州市三模•短文改错）My head went blank and I had no idea that to say.【答案】that→what【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我的脑子一片空白，不知道说什么好。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少say后的宾语，指物，所以用连接词what。故将that改为what。 （2021•滨海学校开学模拟•单项填空•T14）It doesn’t matter _________you turn right or left at the crossing ---both roads lead to the park.A. whether B. how C. if D. when【答案】A【解析】考查名词性从句。 句意：在十字路口，你是向右拐还是向左拐都没有关系——两条路都到公园。分析句子可知，设空处引导主语从句，it做形式主语，从句中不缺少成分，缺少“是否”的意思，并且后面由or，一般和whether连用，故选A。 （2021•大港一中入学模拟•单项填空•T5） “Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is _____ my mother used to tell me.A. what B. howC. that D. whether【答案】A【解析】考查表语从句。句意：“每次你吃糖的时候，你要喝绿茶。”这是妈妈过去常常给我说的话。这里是what引导的表语从句，what在从句中作tell的宾语；表语从句里缺少的是宾语；that和whether在表语从句中不作成分，why在表语从句中不能作宾语。故选A。 （2021•河西区期中模拟•单项填空•T7）---I called your office at about ten this morning, but there was no reply．---Oh, that was probably __________ I was paying a visit to a friend in hospital．A. when B. why C. what D. that【答案】A【解析】考查表语从句。句意：—我今天早上十点左右给你办公室打电话，但没有人接。—哦，那可能是我去看望住院的朋友的时候。A.when ……时候；B.why 为什么；C.what 什么；D.that那……。分析句子结构结合句意可知，空处引导一个表语从句，表示“……的时候”，故选A项。
（2021•河西区期末模拟•单项填空•T2）Pick yourself up. Courage is doing _______ you are afraid to do.A. whether B. which C. how D. what【答案】D【解析】考查宾语从句连词。句意：振作起来，勇气就是做你害怕做的事。A. whether是否；B. which 哪一个；C. how怎样；D. what什么。根据句意及句子结构可知，Courage is doing后跟宾语从句，而宾语从句中缺少宾语，且意为“......的事情”，应用连接代词what。故选D项。   （2021•河西区期末模拟•单项填空•T14）He did not see the film last night. That is _______ he had to help his little sister with her homework.A. why B. because C. that D. how【答案】B【解析】考查表语从句连接词。句意：他昨晚没有看电影。那是因为他得帮他妹妹做作业。A.why 为什么；B.because 因为（表原因）；C.that 那个；D.how 怎样。根据该空前的“That is”可知，这是一个主系表结构，因此，该空后句子是表语从句，根据句意，该从句表示原因，因此，应该用连接词because引导。故选B项。 （2021•红桥区期中模拟•单项填空•T13）Don’t be sad. The most important thing is _____ we must learn from our mistakes and move on.A. how B. that C. what D. why【答案】B【解析】考查表语从句。句意：不要难过，最重要的事情是我们必须从我们的错误中吸取教训，然后继续前进。此处为表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，故用只起连接作用的that引导。故选B。 （2021•静海区四校12月模拟•单项填空•T6）This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.A. how B. whichC. that D. what【答案】D【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：这是我父亲教我的——总是要面对困难，抱最大的希望。“_________ my father has taught me”是表语从句，该空在从句中做teach的宾语，且表示“父亲教我的道理”，故该从句应用what引导。D选项正确。引导名词性从句时，how表方式，意为“如何”；which意为“哪一个”，that在只起引导从句的作用，不做成分。 （2021•静海区一中1月模拟•单项填空•T13）Evolution is the answer to ________ new species of plants and animals come to exist.A. what B. when C. which D. how【答案】D【解析】考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：进化是新的动植物物种如何出现的答案。A. what什么；B. when何时；C. which哪一个；D. how怎么，如何。分析可知空格所在的句子是一个宾语从句，且从句的主干成分完成，故用连接副词，排除A、C两项，根据句意此处指动植物是如何进化出来的，故用连接副词how。故选D。 （2021•南开区3月模拟•单项填空•T10）They lost their way in the forest, and ________ made matters worse was that night began to fall.A. that B. itC. what D. which【答案】C【解析】考查主语从句引导词。句意：他们在森林里迷路了，更糟糕的是天开始黑了。根据连词and可知，本句需要一个引导主语从句的连接词，该词同时还要能在从句里充当主语。that不能在句中作成分；it不能引导主语从句；which意为“哪一个”，不符合本句语境。排除A、B、D三项。故选C。 （2021•南开中学二模•单项填空•T14）Now that the big fire has been put out, the firefighters are ready to clear away ______ remains of the burnt building and potential dangers.A. those B. that C. what D. which【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：现在大火已经被扑灭，消防队员准备清除被烧毁的建筑物的残骸和潜在的危险。介词 away 后接宾语从句，从句缺乏主语，指“什么”，用连接代词what。故选C项。 （2021•南开中学一模•单项填空•T14）It is obvious to the whole world__________the US has played dirty tricks to bully foreign companies like Hua Wei and TikTok in order to either destroy them or take them over.A. as B. which C. whether D. that【答案】D【解析】考查主语从句。句意：全世界都很清楚，美国用肮脏的伎俩欺负华为和抖音这样的外国公司，要么摧毁它们，要么接管它们。分析句意，句中的it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的从句“_______the US has played dirty tricks to bully foreign companies like Hua Wei and TikTok in order to either destroy them or take them over”。分析成分，从句部分不缺成分和翻译且为陈述句。所以从句应用引导词that引导。故选D项。 （2021•塘沽一中一模•单项填空•T10）---I like staying at home, watching TV or surfing the Internet all day on Sundays.---That’s _______I don’t agree. I think you’d better go out for a walk.A. where B. how C. when D. what【答案】A【解析】考查表语从句。句意：---我喜欢在星期天呆在家里，整天看电视或上网。---这就是我不同意的地方。我想你最好出去走走。分析题意，表语从句部分缺“状语”所以从句引导词用连接副词，根据句意可知，此处缺“不同意的方面/地方”。综合分析，故选A项。 （2021•天津滨海七校联考•单项填空•T6）From the bottom of my heart, _________ I want to say to you is “Thank you!”.A. which B. that C. what D. why【答案】C【解析】考查主语从句。句意：我发自内心想对您说一声“谢谢！”此处为主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，结合句意表示想说的话，应用what引导。故选C。 （2021•天津大港一中三模•单项填空•T13）This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.A. how B. whichC. that D. what【答案】D【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：这是我父亲教我的——总是要面对困难，抱最大的希望。“_________ my father has taught me”是表语从句，该空在从句中做teach的宾语，且表示“父亲教我的道理”，故该从句应用what引导。D选项正确。引导名词性从句时，how表方式，意为“如何”；which意为“哪一个”，that在只起引导从句的作用，不做成分。 （2021•天津市八校期中模拟•单项填空•T4）To be honest, I am not the person deserving the honor; it should be given to _____ we think has made the greatest contribution.A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：老实说，我不是一个应该得到这个荣誉的人，应该把它送给我们认为作出最大贡献的人。介词to后接宾语从句，而宾语从句 we think has made the greatest contribution其中we think是插入语，可知从句不完整，缺主语成分，意为“无论谁、不管什么人”，用引导词whoever。故选C项。 （2021•天津市八校期中模拟•单项填空•T14）Patience is a good virtue and that’s ______ it takes to do anything well.A. where B. which C. what D. how【答案】C【解析】考查名词性从句引导词。句意：耐心是一种美德，这是做好任何事情所需要的。分析句子可知，空格处引导表语从句，结合句意，应用连接代词what引导从句，在从句中作动词takes的宾语，意为“……的事物”，符合句意。故选C项。 （2021•天津市部分区期中模拟•单项填空•T10）Everyone on this planet is different, and that's______  makes it such a beautiful place.A. When B. how C. what D. why【答案】C【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这个星球上的每个人都不一样，那是使得这个星球成为美丽的地方的东西。分析句子可知，系动词is后是表语从句，从句缺少主语，what引导表语从句，从句中作主语，when“……的时候”作时间状语；how“如何”作方式状语；why“为什么；……的原因”作原因状语。故选C。 （2021•天津市汉沽六中期中模拟•单项填空•T11）Have you asked him ____he is going to the party tonight with us?A. which B. whether C. what D. that【答案】B【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：你问过他今晚是否和我们一起去参加聚会了吗？此处为宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，表示“是否”应用whether或if。故选B。 （2021•天津市和平区期末模拟•单项填空•T8）The science competition is a good opportunity to show students ______ creativity can add new value to their school life.A. where B. whose C. when D. how【答案】D【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：科学竞赛是一个展示学生创造力如何为学校生活增添新价值的好机会。分析句子可知，本题考查宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，所以用how引导。故选D。 （2021•天津市河西区期末模拟•单项填空•T7）---I called your office at about ten this morning, but there was no reply．---Oh, that was probably __________ I was paying a visit to a friend in hospital．A. when B. why C. what D. that【答案】A【解析】考查表语从句。句意：—我今天早上十点左右给你办公室打电话，但没有人接。—哦，那可能是我去看望住院的朋友的时候。A.when ……时候；B.why 为什么；C.what 什么；D.that那……。分析句子结构结合句意可知，空处引导一个表语从句，表示“……的时候”，故选A项。
（2021•天津市静海区一中期末模拟•单项填空•T4）The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of ______ others actually understand.A. why B. that C. which D. what【答案】D【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：你本来想通过一些话语传达的信息，可能让其他人听起来是相反的含义。what在名词性从句中做主语或宾语。根据介词后是名词性从句，而且从句中动词缺少宾语， 故选D。 （2021•天津市六校期末模拟•单项填空•T8）It is not always easy for the public to see ________ use a new invention can be of to human life.A. whose B. what C. which D. that【答案】B【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：对于公众来说看到一项新发明对人类有什么用途并不总是很容易的。what在宾语从句中作定语，意为“什么样的”，A. whose谁的；C. which哪一个；D. that引导名词性从句，没有意义，不作成分，其它三项不合题意。故选B。 （2021•天津一中二模•单项填空•T13）Evidence has been found through years of study _______ children’s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.A. whether B. howC. that D. why【答案】C【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：通过多年的研究已经发现了孩子们早期的睡眠问题可能随着长大会继续的证据。通过分析句子结构可知，这个句子中包含一个同位语从句，说明evidence的内容，用that连接同位语从句，that在同位语从句中不作任何成分，且没有实际意义，选C。 （2021•兰州市三诊•短文改错）Soon, I made progress. Now, I feel confident again and I know what to make good use of my time.【答案】C【解析】考查连词。句意：现在，我再次感到自信，我知道该如何好好利用我的时间。what表示“什么”，作主语，宾语；how是副词，作状语，表示“如何”， make good use of my time不缺少宾语，根据句意，故将what改为how。 （2021•淮南市一模•短文改错）Finally, we'd better have a chat with them, so they can exchange ideas with us and know that what is going on in our life.【答案】去掉that【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：最后，我们最好和他们聊聊天，这样他们就可以和我们交流思想，了解我们的生活。动词know后接what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作主语，that多余。故去掉that。