北京市中国人民大学附属中学2021-2022学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷（无答案）

这是一份北京市中国人民大学附属中学2021-2022学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷（无答案），共10页。

说明：本试卷共3道大题54道小题, 共8页, 满分100分, 考试时间90分钟, 请同学们务必将答案写在答题纸上, 在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分：知识运用(共三节, 40分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题：每小题1.5分, 共15分)阅读下面的短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
When I was three, I had a very gd friend named Gemma, She was fearless where I was anxius, 1 where I was cnservative and skillful where I was clumsy. She was als entirely imaginary.
I can't remember when r hw I "met" Gemma, and, perhaps sadder still, I dn't remember the last time I"saw" her. Even thugh my brain created her, she 2 me t g n adventures I wuld nt have had the cnfidence t embark upn withut her. S it saddened me t see the results f a recent survey shwing 72% f nursery wrkers believed children have fewer 3 friends than they did five years ag, with 63% believing this t be a result f increased screen time.
It's thught that 40% f us had imaginary friends during ur 4 . In an essay, the researchers fund that 81% f thse surveyed had "lst" their imaginary friends after they turned 10, but mst f these friendships ended 5 . Perhaps imaginary friends simply stay with us fr as lng as we need them, mving n when ur lives becme t full and laded fr ur brains t make space t generate their wn 6 .
If yu've enjyed an imaginary friendship, I'd guess that yu did nt cnsciusly sit dwn t create a perfect pal-they prbably arrived 7 , as an indicatin f thughts and ideas yu never knew yu had. Our imaginary friends prmpt us t explre and hnur ur curisity. It is very hard t make the time and the space t d this as an adult. In rder t be a gd 8 t an imaginary friend, yu need t be able t make "what if?" int an exciting plan. When we grw up. we're t quick t finish the sentence with,"what if it ges wrng?"
As an adult,we might nt still need imaginary friends, but maybe we need t be reminded that a little bit f 9 is gd fr us, and that ur brains can cnjure up(想起)the best ideas when they are left t their wn devices. If there are fewer imaginary friends ppulating the wrlds that ur children live in, that might lead t a future with fewer artists, writers and prblem-slvers, which is a real cause fr 10 .
B.rebelliusC.emtinalD.cnsiderate
B.retrainedC.innvatedD inspired
B.intimateC.decentD.intelligent
B.adlescenceC.childhdD.babyhd
B.naturallyC.accidentallyD.suddenly
B.educatinC.ccupatinD.creatin
B.unaskedC.untuchedD.untld
B.instructrC.studentD.assistant
B.wisdmC.bredmD.randm
B.cncernC.limitatinD.failure
第二节 选词填空(共10小题：每小题1分, 共10分)
阅读下面的短文, 从A—J中选择适当的短语补全意思并填涂在答题卡上。
A.t play yur part t the best f yur ability
B.reduce yur persnal best
C.in the precedent
D.t vercme the past
E.get n with the game
F.t recver frm actins and behavirs
G.it is nt affected by it
H.t deliver each sentence t the best f yur ability
I.interfering with yur life
J.the less able yu are t perfrm t yur persnal best
What is yur recvery rate? Hw lng des it take yu 11 that upset yu? Minutes? Hurs? Days? Weeks? The lnger it takes yu t recver, the mre influence that incident has n yur actins, and 12 . The perfect example is fund with prfessinal sprtspeple. They knw that the faster they can frget an incident r missed pprtunity and 13 , the better their perfrmance.
Imagine yurself t be an actr in a play n the stage.Yur aim is 14 . Yu have been given a script and at the end f each sentence is a full stp. Each time yu get t the end f the sentence, yu start a new ne and althugh the next sentence is related t the last, 15 . Yur jb is 16 .
Dn't live yur life in the past! Learn t live in the present, 17 . Stp the past frm influencing yur daily life. Dn't allw thughts f the past t 18 . Stp the past frm 19 . Learn t recver quickly.
The way frward? Live in the present. Nt 20 .
第三节 语法填空(共15小题：每小题1分, 共15分)
阅读下列句子, 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
21 yur IQ tells yu hw intelligent yu are, yur EQ tells yu hw well yu use yur intelligence. Prfessr Salvey, wh invented the term EQ, gives the fllwing 22 (describe): at wrk, it is EQ that gets yu 23 (prmte). 24 (supprt) by his research, Prfessr Salvey suggests that when 25 (predict) smene's future success, their character, as measured by EQ tests, might actually matter mre than their IQ.
B
Clning is the prcess f making an exact cpy f a plant r animal and develping it either naturally r artificially. Natural clning 26 (g) n fr generatins, such as identical twins. Fr years, there 27 (be) attempts t clne animals artificially. The first successfully clned animal was a sheep named Dlly in 1996,wh 28 (live)fr six and half years. In 2018,the clning f Zhng Zhng and Hua Hua, tw lng-tailed mnkeys, were the first-ever primates
29 (clne). The successful clning f primates 30 (lead) t wrldwide praise as it is a huge breakthrugh in cures fr diseases and clues n preventin f the aging prcess.
C
When I was a teenager, I felt that I was just yung and uncertain, 31 I was a new by in a huge schl, and that I wuld have been very pleased t be regarded as smething s interesting as a prblem. Fr ne thing, 32 (be) a prblem gives yu a certain identity, and that is ne f the things the yung are busily 33 (engage)in seeking.
I find yung peple exciting. They have an air f freedm, and they have nt a dreary 34 . (cmmit) t mean ambitins r lve f cmfrt. They are nt anxius scial climbers, and they have n devtin t material things. All this seems t me t link them 35 life, and the rigins f things.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节, 30分)第一节 阅读选择(共10小题：每题2分, 共20分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
I hated wearing a burqa(罩袍). It made me itch; it made me sweat. And it made me invisible. Mine was blue with a small lace pening fr the eyes, thugh underneath I wre a shrt-sleeved dress and tights. Walking in a burqa, I lst my usual cnfident gait(步态): I hung my head lwer, bth hands clutching the edge f the fabric s I wuldn't stumble. The very fact f wearing it made me feel inferir(自卑的). T leave the huse, when I became a teenager abut a decade ag, I had t transfrm myself int a thing.
My way f prtesting was t g ut as little as pssible, which seemed t be the nly way I culd prtect my individuality. But I yearned t participate in life directly rather than simply bserve it thrugh my veil.
My parents, t, wanted me t step int my fullest ptential. When ther mthers praised their daughters fr their cking and husewrk, mine wuld claim that a wman's real jewel is her educatin. When ther fathers fcused n hw quickly they culd marry their daughters, my father laughed if smene came t ur huse with a marriage prpsal.
On sme nights, when the neighburhd was sleeping and nly stray dgs ccupied the rads, my father wuld walk with me utside the huse t give me a taste f the wrld withut a burqa. In the shadw f mnlight, we wuld strll, hearing the sunds f crickets and dgs rummaging thrugh rubbish. With each step I tk, I felt free. Once my father disguised me as a by t swim in the river that I used t g t when I was a child. He didn't want me t frget what it felt like t be free.
Smetimes I wuld get angry and ludly cmplain that I was frced t cage myself in a burqa. My mther wuld lk at me with a slemn expressin, place her hand n my head, and say, "Be smene wh can leave this place." She encuraged me t learn English.
And I did. Armed with an iPad, the internet and a free educatin website called Khan Academy, I taught myself English, philsphy, maths, science, and histry. While mst yung wmen my age were getting married, I was learning hw t argue like Scrates r apply mathematics like Newtn. With each new thing I learned, I began t feel alive, like a plant that blms when it gets water after it has been parched and dying. By allwing me the freedm f educatin, my parents gave me a windw t the wrld. Mre than that, they gave me the tls t create my wn identity and make myself visible again.
36. As a teenager, .
A.she felt inferir t thersB:she was t shy t g ut
C.she made up herself int a thingD.she was aware f her individuality
37.When smene came t prpse a marriage, her father .
A.laughed at their prpsalB.felt it weird and stupid
C.refused with laughterD.cncealed his anger with laughter
38.She studied hard in rder t .
A.make herself visible t the wrldB.free herself frm the trap f her culture
C.be capable like Scrates and NewtnD.fulfill her parents' dream f getting educatin
B
D yu want a jb with a successful multinatinal(跨国公司)? Yu will face lts f cmpetitins. Tw years ag Gldman Sachs received a quarter f a millin applicatins frm students and graduates. Thse are nt just discuraging dds fr jb hunters; they are a practical prblem fr cmpanies. If a team f five Gldman human-resurces staff, wrking 12 hurs every day, they wuld take nearly a year t cmplete the task f sifting thrugh the pile.
There is little wnder that mst large firms use a cmputer prgram, r algrithm, when it cmes t screening candidates seeking junir jbs. And that means applicants wuld benefit frm knwing exactly what the algrithms are lking fr.
Victria McLean is a frmer banking headhunter and recruitment manager wh set up a business called City CV, which helps jb candidates with applicatins. She says the applicant- tracking systems (ATS) reject up t 75% f CVs, r résumés, befre a human sees them. Such systems are hunting fr keywrds that meet the emplyer's criteria. One tip is t study the language used in the jb advertisement; if the initials PM are used fr prject management, then make sure PM appears in yur CV.
Passing the ATS stage may nt be the jb hunter's nly technlgical barrier. Many cmpanies, including Vdafne and Intel, use a vide-interview service called HireVue, Candidates are quizzed while an artificial-intelligence(Al) prgram analyses their facial expressins (maintaining eye cntact with the camera is advisable) and language patterns(sunding cnfident is the trick). Peple wh passinately wave their arms abut r passively sluch in their seat are likely t fail. Only if they pass that test will the applicants meet sme humans.
Yu might expect Al prgrams t be able t avid sme f the biases f cnventinal recruitment methds-particularly the tendency fr interviewers t favur candidates wh resemble the interviewer. Yet discriminatin can shw up in an unexpected way.
There may be an arms race as candidates learn hw t adjust their CVs t pass the initial Al test, and algrithms adapt t screen ut mre candidates. This creates scpe fr ptential bias: candidates frm better-ff husehlds(and frm particular grups) may be quicker t update their CVs. In turn, this may require cmpanies t adjust their algrithms t avid discriminatin.The price f artificial intelligence seems likely t be eternal vigilance(警惕).
39.Victria sets up City CV t .
A.hunt fr keywrds that meet the emplyer's criteria
B.study the language used in the jb advertisement
C.benefit candidates by helping them with applicatins
D.sift thrugh applicatins befre a human sees them
40.What des the underlined wrd "sluch" in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A.lk lazyB.lk funnyC.lk rudeD.lk crazy
41.What can we learn frm the last tw paragraphs?
A.Interviewers' preference creates ptential bias in Al prgrams.
B.Al prgrams may prefer quicker candidates t slwer nes.
C.An arms race results in algrithms selecting mre candidates.
D.Cmpanies shuld be alert t the cst prduced by Al recruitment.
C
Lia Thmas, a student at the University f Pennsylvania, is an excellent swimmer. She ften beats her rivals by tens f secnds, breaking recrds. Her success is based n three things. One is natural talent. Anther is persistent training. And the third is bilgy.
Fr althugh she identifies as a wman,Ms Thmas was brn male.Since humans cannt change their sex(unlike their self-identified gender),she remains that way.On the eve f her biggest cmpetitin,Ms Thmas finds herself at the centre f the bad-tempered debate abut whether trans wmen-males wh identify as wmen-shuld cmpete in wmen's sprts.That,in turn,is part f a brader argument：shuld brute(纯粹的)bilgical facts smetimes verride peple's deeply held feelings abut their identities?
This newspaper believes it is almst always unfair t allw transgender wmen t cmpete in wmen's sprts.The advantages bestwed by male puberty(青春期)are s big that n amunt f training r talent can enable female athletes t vercme them.Flrence Griffith Jyner's 100-metres wrld sprinting recrd has std fr three decades.A male matching it wuld nt even make it t the Olympics,let alne the final.In 2016,at an American event fr high-schlers,fur f the eight bys in the 100-metres final ran faster.
Much f the male advantage is granted by teststerne(睾丸素), a ptent anablic sterid whse levels rise sharply in male puberty.Fr many years,many sprting bdies,fllwing the lead f the Internatinal Olympic Cmmittee,hped t deal with the issue by allwing trans wmen t cmpete in wmen's events prvided they tk teststerne-suppressing drugs.But the science suggests this des nt level the playing field.Suppressing teststerne in adults,it seems,des little t und the advantages granted by a male adlescence.
Sprts must therefre chse between inclusin and fairness;and they shuld chse fair play. That des nt mean,as is smetimes claimed,that trans wmen wuld be barred frm all sprt.One way t make that clear wuld be t replace the "men's" and "wmen's" categries with “pen" and "female" nes.The first wuld be pen t all cmers.The secnd wuld be restricted n the basis f bilgy.
Sprt is public,and results can be measured bjectively.That means the argument that the material facts f bilgy shuld smetimes utrank a persn's subjective sense f identity is easier t make.But bias exists,as a Republican bill in Flrida t restrict "instructin" in schls abut gender identity r sexual rientatin makes plain.That shuld be resisted.
Mst f the time,it csts little r nthing t respect peple's chices abut hw they wish t present themselves.In the rare cases where rights clash(不相容), sciety must weigh the balance sensitively and with pen eyes.
42.The authr mentins Jyner's 100-metres wrld sprinting recrd t shw that .
A.mst female athletes can't rival trans wmen athletes
B.male puberty is the best time fr sprts cmpetitin
C.it is unfair fr Ms Thmas t cmpete in wmen's sprts
D.this recrd can't make a male reach the threshld f the Olympics
43.What des"that"in the last paragraph refer t?
A.billB.biasC.instructinD.identity
44.What is the authr's attitude twards trans peple in sprts cmpetitin?
A.disagreeableB.pen-mindedC.sympatheticD.cnservative
45.Which might be the best title fr the passage?
A.Inclusin and Fairness B.Respect Peple's Chices
C."Open"and "Female"in SprtsD.Bilgy Matters A Great Deal
第二节 任务型阅读(共5小题; 每小题2分, 共10分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every year thusands f peple cnverge(汇集) n the city f Pamplna, in nrth-eastern Spain, fr the pprtunity t run fr their lives as six fighting bulls are released t charge thrugh the twn.
46 But the event is f interest t mre than just adrenaline junkies and animal-rights activists. A paper just published in Prceedings f the Natinal Academy f Sciences describes the insight the event ffers int the psychlgy f panicked crwds.
That is a useful tpic t explre. Architects,civil engineers and urban planners must try t wrk ut hw peple will behave in the event f a disaster like a fire,a fld r a terrrist attack s they can design their creatins t avid ptentially deadly crushes. 47 Ethics-review bards, after all,are likely t frwn n researchers putting vlunteers int deadly danger simply t study hw they might behave.But Daniel Parisi,a physicist and cmputer scientist at the Technical Institute f Buens Aires,and the paper's lead authr, realised that the Pamplna bull-runs ffered the perfect natural experiment
Dr Parisi and his team went t tw different rftp lcatins in Pamplna in July 2019,and recrded ftage f the runners as the animals were released. 48 The researchers brught their recrdings back t the lab t calculate the velcities(速度)f the runners, the density f the crwd and the prbability f a runner tripping and falling.They als examined the trajectries f the bulls,the respnses f individual runners as bulls came near t them,and the relatinship between runner-grup density and velcity.
49 Less expected was the finding that the speed f individual runners increased with the density f the crwd. At the crwd's maximum speed f arund fur metres per secnd,density reached rughly ne pedestrian per square metre.This finding is at dds with a lng-held assumptin in architectural and urban-design circles that peple will slw their pace as grup density ges up,in rder t lwer the risk f a cllisin,which culd lead t a fall and,perhaps,injury r death as a runner is trampled by thers.Dr Parisi's data suggests that grups f fast,crwded runners are indeed at risk:f 20 peple wh fell,all did s within a fast-mving,dense grup. Mst(14 f the 20) invlved tw r mre peple,with ne persn tripping anther.
Yet it seems that, in the heat f the mment, peple pay little heed t the danger f clliding with each ther, and d nt slw dwn. The duty therefre falls upn urban designers t wrk ut hw best t plan the cnstructin f future alleys, tunnels, bridges and ther passages that restrict flw. 50 .
A.Unfrtunately,slid infrmatin is hard t cme by.
B.The nly ptin may well be t make them wider.
C.Gring(顶伤)is much less cmmn but ptentially life threatening.
D.A wave f peple running at tp speed raced past their cameras a few secnds ahead f the bulls. E.There are dzens f injuries every year,and there have been at least 15 deaths recrded since 1910. F.Perhaps unsurprisingly,the researchers fund that runners sped up when the bulls drew near.
G.A set f wden fences is erected t direct the bulls alng the rute and t blck ff side streets.
第三部分：书面表达(共两节, 30分)
第一节 阅读与表达(3小题, 共10分)
阅读下面的短篇故事, 根据内容回答问题。
In the nrthern part f Austin there nce dwelt an hnest family by the name f Smthers.The family cnsisted f Jhn Smthers,his wife,himself,their little daughter,five years f age,and her parents,making six peple tward the ppulatin f the city when cunted fr a special write-up,but nly three by actual cunt..
One night after supper the little girl was seized with a severe clic(腹绞痛), and Jhn Smthers hurried dwn twn t get sme medicine.
He never came back.The little girl recvered and in time grew up t wmanhd.The mther grieved very much ver her husband's disappearance,and it was nearly three mnths befre she married again,and mved t San Antni.The little girl als married in time,and after a few years had rlled arund,she als had a little girl five years f age.She still lived in the same huse where they dwelt when her father had left and never returned.
One night by a remarkable cincidence her little girl was taken with cramp(抽筋)clic n the anniversary f the disappearance f Jhn Smthers,wh wuld nw have been her grandfather if he had been alive and had a steady jb.
"I will g dwntwn and get sme medicine fr her,"said Jhn Smith(fr it was nne ther than he whm she had married).
"N,n,dear Jhn,"cried his wife."Yu,t,might disappear frever,and then frget t cme back."
S Jhn Smith did nt g,and tgether they sat by the bedside f little Pansy,After a while, Pansy seemed t grw wrse,and Jhn Smith again attempted t g fr medicine,but his wife wuld nt let him.Suddenly the dr pened,and an ld man,stped and bent,with lng white hair,entered the rm.
"Hell,here is grandpa,"said Pansy,She had recgnized him befre any f the thers.
The ld man drew a bttle f medicine frm his pcket and gave Pansy a spnful.She gt well immediately.
"I was a little late,"said Jhn Smthers,"as I waited fr a streetcar."
51．Accrding t the first paragraph, hw many peple were there in the Smthers' family? (2分)
52．What happened t his wife and daughter after Jhn Smthers disappeared? (3分)
53.What is yur understanding f "Jhn Smther's disappearing fr medicine and his returning with the medicine years later＂? (5分)
第二节 书面表达(共20分)
假设你是红星中学李华, 最近你校将举办麦克白(The Tragedy f Macbeth)展演, 为此正在招募演员, 你非常感兴趣。请你用英文给剧组负责人Jim写一封申请信, 内容如下：
1．感兴趣的角色(Duncan, Malclm, Macbeth, Banqu, Macduff, Rss...)
2．申请原因
3．自身优势
注意：1.100字左右;
2．开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总调数。
Dear Jim

.
Yurs
Li Hua