新人教版选修7高考英语一轮复习Unit4Sharing课件+学案+训练

Unit 4 单元主题语篇训练

A

I've been a volunteer in the Macmillan@Glasgow Libraries programme for just over a year. I got involved because I was looking for something to volunteer for after I retired from work. I thought being a Macmillan Cancer Information and Support Volunteer might be a good way to do that by using some of the skills I learned at work.

At one time, I felt I made a real difference when a lady came in to use the service. She was very upset, but she was not the person with cancer. It was her partner. She had lots of things on her mind. We, together with a counselor, had a chat about her to help deal with all the emotions (情感) she felt. We knew we could arrange something, so we discussed with her what could be done for her family. She was relieved that we could get something arranged for her and liked the fact that we managed to get the ball rolling during her visit.

The good thing about having the services in the library is that the environment is non­clinical and therefore more relaxing than the hospital or doctor's surgery. The team in the library are not medically trained. That means we do not use big words or medical terms very often.

It's great that the people who volunteer all work well together, helping each other to get a resolution (解决) for people who come in. It's good to have the team at the other end of the phone whenever we get something unusual. It is a pleasure to be able to help as a volunteer.

语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在文章中讲述了自己退休后作为一名志愿者的经历和感悟。

1．What can we infer about the author?

A．He is a retired doctor.

B．He is volunteering in a hospital.

C．He is a counselor in cancer.

D．He has fought against cancer before.

解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知，作者现在已经退休，而且有医学方面的技能；结合第三段的内容可推知，作者是一名退休医生。

2．Why did the lady feel upset?

A．Because she was affected by cancer.

B．Because her husband suffered from cancer.

C．Because she didn't know how to treat cancer.

D．Because she had a poor relation with her husband.

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She was very upset, but she was not the person with cancer. It was her partner.”和“we discussed with her what could be done for her family”可知，这位女士的丈夫得了癌症。注意：此处的“partner”表示“配偶”。

3．What do we know about the volunteers?

A．They do well in teamwork.

B．They receive medical training.

C．They all used to be helped.

D．They often meet unusual things.

解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段的首句“It's great that the people who volunteer all work well together, helping each other to get a resolution (解决) for people who come in.”可知，所有的志愿者都能很好地共同工作，彼此帮助，为来求助的人提供好的解决方案，由此推知，他们具有很强的团队意识，善于团队合作。

4．Why does the author write this text?

A．To call on readers to do voluntary work.

B．To show us how to help those in trouble.

C．To share his experiences as a volunteer.

D．To teach us how to take care of cancer patients.

解析：选C　写作意图题。综合全文的内容可以看出，本文主要讲述的是作者的志愿者经历。因此，作者写作的目的也就是要分享他作为志愿者的经历。

B

(2021·合肥质检)A simple project to help a family in need stopped Luke Mickelson in his tracks. In 2012, he and his family were inspired to build and donate a bunk bed, one bed on top of the other, after learning there were local children who slept on the floor. Shocked to discover how widespread this need was in his community, Mickelson founded Sleep in Heavenly Peace, a nonprofit that builds and delivers beds to children in need.

Born and raised in Idaho, Mickelson, now 41, had a thriving career. He coached his kids' sports teams and fished in the nearby river. But when he met children who were sleeping on the floor, his peaceful life changed course.

Using safety guidelines and his daughter's bunk bed as a model, Mickelson started buying wood and supplies to build beds with his own money. He recruited friends and family members to help around the holidays. As the word spread, interest and involvement from his and other communities flooded — along with Mickelson's bunk bed output. “That first project, we built 11 bunk beds in my garage，” he said. “The next year, we did 15. Then it doubled every year. In 2017, we built 612 bunk beds.”

With the motto “No kid sleeps on the floor in our town”， the nonprofit and its more than 65 branches have built and delivered more than 1,500 free beds to children across America. But along with the rapid growth, Mickelson was faced with a tough choice: advancing his career or his nonprofit. He chose the latter and went from making “great money to zero money”. He's never looked back. “I found that the need I haveisn't financial，” he said. “The need I have is seeing the joy on kids' faces, knowing that I can make a difference.”

语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Mickelson为了让自己社区的无床可睡的孩子们能够有床睡觉，成立了一个公益组织“Sleep in Heavenly Peace”。

5．Why did Mickelson set up Sleep in Heavenly Peace?

A．To help the poor children.

B．To make a big fortune.

C．To inspire his community.

D．To get more donations.

解析：选A　细节理解题。根据文章的第一段，尤其是最后一句中的“Mickelson founded Sleep in Heavenly Peace, a nonprofit that builds and delivers beds to children in need”可知，Mickelson创建这个非盈利组织是为了帮助贫困儿童。

6．What do we know about Luke Mickelson?

A．He had his own fish farm.

B．He changed his career from time to time.

C．He used to sleep on the floor when he was a kid.

D．He originally had a relaxing and pleasant life.

解析：选D　推理判断题。根据文章的第二段，尤其是最后一句“But when he met children who were sleeping on the floor, his peaceful life changed course.”可推知，Mickelson一开始过着轻松、舒适的生活。

7．How did other people react to Mickelson's project?

A．They showed little interest in it.

B．They were supportive and involved in it.

C．They were doubtful about the safety of the bunk bed.

D．They volunteered to buy beds with their own money.

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“interest and involvement from his and other communities flooded”可知，Mickelson社区和其他社区的成员都来帮忙，可见人们对Mickelson创建的这个组织非常支持，并且积极参与。

8．What is Mickelson's attitude to the nonprofit?

A．Ambiguous.　　　　　　　 B．Defensive.

C．Cautious.  D．Positive.

解析：选D　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段，尤其是“The need I have ... make a difference.”可知，Mickelson想要看到孩子们脸上的喜悦的表情，他知道他在做一些有影响的事；由此可推知，他对这个组织持积极的态度。

C

A team of scientists found a new planet in space by accident. It was a discovery that could change science. “We hit the jackpot here，” said scientist Guillem Anglada­Escude about the discovery of the planet more or less like Earth that is orbiting Proxima Centauri (半人马座比邻星), the star nearest to our solar system.

What do we know about this exciting new Earth? Well, Proxima b, or “Earth Ⅱ” as you could call it, is a little bigger than our Earth, and its revolution only takes 11 days. Also, since it is so much closer to its red dwarf star than Earth to the sun, the sky there is orange without any blue at all, creating a forever sunset effect. But there are a lot of questions about life forms that could live on this new planet.

The discovery of the planet made the Chicago Tribune newspaper wonder if anyone had seen or heard of the US's space postcards from its Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11 spaceship, which were pictures of a man and a woman, along with diagrams of the solar system. If there are aliens (外星人) on Proxima b, they would have found images showing the incredible diversity of Earth.

Aliens might also have heard the message from former US President Jimmy Carter：“This is a present from a small distant world ... We are attempting to survive our time so we may live into yours. We hope someday, having solved the problems we face, to join a community of galactic (银河的) civilizations. This record represents our hope and our determination, and our good will in a vast and awesome universe.”

It might not be time to plan a visit to Proxima b just yet — even if it has an atmosphere — at first, we would need to invent a way to get there in less than 78,000 years it would take at 36,000 mph (about 57,900 km/h)．

语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。科学家在太空中发现一颗大小与地球有几分相似的行星。这颗类地行星绕着半人马座比邻星距我们太阳系最近的恒星进行轨道运动。

9．What does the underlined phrase “hit the jackpot” probably mean?

A．Make a bet.　　　　　　 B．Take a risk.

C．Succeed by chance.  D．Miss the boat.

解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据第一段中的第一、二句及下文内容可知，科学家偶然发现了一颗类似地球的行星，这是一项能够改变科学的新发现。对于发现这颗行星的科学家来说，他们好像是中头奖了。hit the jackpot意为“中头奖”，在此可指“意外成功”。故选C。

10．What does the author say about Proxima b?

A．It has a shorter period of revolution.

B．It is of the similar weight to Earth.

C．It is a newly­found planet in the solar system.

D．Its sky looks orange for being closer to the sun.

解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“its revolution only takes 11 days”可知，比邻星b的公转周期仅有11天。相对于地球的公转周期(约365天)而言，比邻星b的公转周期要短得多。

11．What do President Jimmy Carter's words suggest?

A．Humans' eagerness to meet creatures from outer space.

B．The great progress made in space exploration.

C．The best wishes for America's space program.

D．Humans' determination to explore outer space.

解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第四段的内容和其中的关键信息“we may live into yours”“to join”“our determination”可知，美国前总统吉米·卡特给外星人的留言内容传递了人类探索外太空的决心。故选D。

12．What seems to be the major problem for our visit to Proxima b?

A．The lack of air on the planet.

B．Too great a distance from us.

C．Uncertainty about life forms there.

D．The glaring sunlight all years.

解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，如果人类想要探访比邻星b，需要寻找一种更快的抵达方式。人类以3.6万英里每小时(约5.79万千米/时)的速度需要7.8万年才能到达那里。由此可推知，人类探索比邻星b的最大问题是比邻星b距离我们太远。故选B。

在文章中，任何一个单词都不是孤立存在的，它总要通过上下文和其他单词有着紧密的联系(如定义、重述、举例、近义词和反义词等)，通过这些联系可以猜测出单词的意思。

tips 利用上下文语境猜测词义

有时作者在阐述某人、某物或某一现象的特点时，先是一般地或概括性地说一下，然后再作具体的说明或解释；或者反过来，先作具体的阐述，然后再进行归纳、总结。如果读者能抓住作者的思路就能从那些具体说明、解释或归纳中找出猜词的线索来。

做词义猜测题，要学会“顺藤摸瓜”和“上下取证”，即利用上下文提供的情景和线索，通过对平行结构或对应结构中的同义词、反义词等进行推断，再结合我们的生活常识和社会经验进行符合逻辑的综合分析，并依此来推测词义，切忌脱离上下文盲目猜测。

例如上文C篇阅读中的第9题，根据“hit the jackpot”的上下文可知，科学家偶然发现了一颗类似地球的行星，这是一项能够改变科学的新发现。对于发现这颗行星的科学家来说，他们好像是中头奖了。hit the jackpot意为“中头奖”，在此可指“意外成功”。