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湖北省荆州中学2020-2021学年高二上学期期末英语试题
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这是一份湖北省荆州中学2020-2021学年高二上学期期末英语试题，共33页。试卷主要包含了短对话，长对话，短文，阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，邀请信等内容，欢迎下载使用。
湖北省荆州中学2020-2021学年高二上学期期末考试
英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、短对话
1．How often does Megan clean the bathrooms?
A．Once a day. B．Once a week. C．A few times a month.
2．What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A．A library. B．A writer. C．A book.
3．How does the woman feel?
A．Annoyed. B．Relieved. C．Nervous.
4．What did the man do over the weekend?
A．He saw a film.
B．He went on a hike.
C．He made chocolate cakes.
5．Where will the speakers go first according to the man?
A．To Rome. B．To Paris. C．To London.
二、长对话
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．When will the woman start to clean?
A．Today. B．Tomorrow. C．The day after tomorrow.
7．Which room will the man clean?
A．The kitchen. B．The living room. C．The bathroom.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What does the man’s wife mostly do at home?
A．She writes books.
B．She does housework.
C．She plays computer games.
9．What will the man’s wife do later this month?
A．She will write a novel.
B．She will publish a new book.
C．She will try working at home.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10．Who are Jane and Robert?
A．The speakers’ neighbors.
B．The speakers’ classmates.
C．The speakers’ colleagues.
11．Why doesn’t the woman want to buy a toy?
A．It is too expensive.
B．The baby already has too many toys.
C．The baby is too little to play with it.
12．What has the man decided to do in the afternoon?
A．Visit Jane and Robert.
B．Go to a department store.
C．Drive Dave to the airport.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13．Why didn’t the man take notes?
A．Because of his laziness.
B．Because of the dull literature.
C．Because of the fast speed of the instructor.
14．What is the woman’s advice for the man?
A．Trying to write down every word the instructor says.
B．Reading the materials that the instructor handed out beforehand.
C．Fixing his eyes upon the classmates now and then during the lecture.
15．What’s the man doing while talking with the woman?
A．Taking notes.
B．Looking for his pencil.
C．Exchanging notes with others.
16．How does the woman sound?
A．Confident. B．Helpful. C．Proud.
三、短文
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．Who are called senior citizens in the USA?
A．People over 55 years old.
B．People over 60 years old.
C．People over 65 years old.
18．What is the feature of senior citizens?
A．They have more free time.
B．They live with their families.
C．They always have part-time jobs.
19．What are senior citizens in big cities usually worried about?
A．Their health. B．Their wealth. C．Their safety.
20．What may be the speaker’s attitude towards the future of senior citizens?
A．Doubtful. B．Optimistic. C．Cautious.
四、阅读理解
As an old saying in China goes, “The days of the Sanjiu period are the coldest days.” “Sanjiu period”, which is in Minor Cold (小寒), refers to the third nine-day period (the 19th to the 27th day) after the day of the Winter Solstice (冬至). There are many different customs related to Minor Cold in China.
Eating hotpot
During Minor Cold people should eat some hot food to benefit the body and defend against the cold weather. Winter is the best time to have hotpot and braised mutton with soy sauce. But it is important to notice that too much spicy food may cause health problems.
Eating huangyacai
In Tianjin, there is a custom to have huangyacai, a kind of Chinese cabbage, during Minor Cold. There are large amounts of vitamins A and B in huangyacai. As huangyacai is fresh and tender, it is fit for frying, roasting and braising.
Eating glutinous rice (糯米饭)
According to tradition, the Cantonese eat glutinous rice in the morning during Minor Cold. Cantonese people add some fried preserved pork, sausages and peanuts and mix them into the rice.
Eating vegetable rice
In ancient times, people in Nanjing took Minor Cold quite seriously, but as time went by, the celebration of Minor Cold gradually disappeared. However, the custom of eating vegetable rice is still followed today. The rice is steamed and is incredibly delicious. Among the ingredients (原料), aijiaohuang (a kind of green vegetable), sausages and salted duck are the specialties in Nanjing.
21．What do we know about Minor Cold?
A．It lasts twenty-seven days.
B．The Sanjiu period is in this period.
C．It refers to the Winter Solstice.
D．It marks the first day of winter.
22．How do the Cantonese eat glutinous rice?
A．They fry and toast it.
B．They eat it for dinner.
C．They steam it with soy sauce.
D．They mix it with many other things.
23．This text may be taken from the _________ column of a newspaper.
A．travel B．culture
C．fashion D．science
Every week, two converted blue buses packed with children’s books carefully drive along the streets of Kabul, avoiding areas where deadly explosions are common. These travelling libraries stop off at schools in different parts of the city, delivering a wealth of reading material directly to youngsters who have limited access to books.
“A lot of schools in our city don’t have access to something as basic as a library,” says Freshta Karim, a 27-year-old Oxford University graduate who was inspired to start Charmaghz, a non-profit organization, in her home city having grown up without many books herself. “We were trying to understand what we could do to promote critical thinking in our country.”
While for many people a bus or train journey presents a rare opportunity to get stuck into a book, in some cities public transport is being used as means of getting books to communities that need them most. Afghanistan, for example, has one of the world’s lowest literacy rates, with only three in 10 adults able to read, according to UNESCO. The majority of public schools in Kabul do not have libraries and the city’s libraries do not offer many children’s books. For Karim, buses were a cost-effective, efficient way to get books to children.
Charmarghz rents them from a state-owned bus company. “We go to nearby schools,” she says. “We try to stop inside communities rather than on the main streets where explosions often happen.”
The organization is funded by donations from local business and communities, and also rents a third bus that acts as a mobile cinema. Over 600 children visit the buses each day to read, socialise and play games. “They are often very excited,” she says. “Our biggest challenge is that so many children want to come inside the bus, but we can’t have all of them in one day.”
24．Why does Freshta Karim set up the organization?
A．To raise money for the poor.
B．To recycle abandoned buses.
C．To build libraries for the local schools.
D．To offer the children more reading opportunities.
25．What is special about Charmarghz?
A．It’s funded by UNESCO. B．It’s a state-owned organization.
C．It buys buses from a company. D．It aims to inspire critical thinking.
26．What is the most pressing problem for Charmarghz?
A．Deadly explosions. B．Poor public transport system.
C．Shortage of travelling libraries. D．Lack of support from the government.
27．Which of the following best describes Freshta Karim?
A．Caring and courageous. B．Humorous and ambitious.
C．Demanding and enthusiastic. D．Honest and hardworking.
Posing for a picture and flashing the V sign may expose your fingerprints, giving criminals an opportunity to steal your important information.
Researchers with the National Institute of Informatics in Japan successfully got fingerprint information from a picture during an experiment, even though the subject was photographed from three meters away, according to the newspaper.
“Once you share them on social media then they’re gone. Unlike a password you can’t change your fingers.”
Biometric（生物统计的） security is reaching the mainstream with more than 50 percent of mobile phones set to include fingerprint recognition for the first time in 2017. The technology is also used in immigration control and for access to high-security controlled areas.
Photos that include both people's faces and fingers run a higher risk of revealing personal information, and the risk for celebrities is even higher.
Chinese experts in fingerprint identification confirmed the possibility. "Technically, we can use high-definition video cameras to obtain people's fingerprints," said Dr. Yin Desen of the First Institute of the Ministry of Public Security. He also said that people's external features are easily recorded. However, compared to video, it is more difficult to obtain fingerprints through just one photo.
According to experts, criminals are able to use counterfeit fingerprints to commit crimes, such as stealing fingerprint passwords and signing agreements. Yin warned that people should pay more attention when they leave fingerprints or use them as passwords.
28．What is the difference between passwords and fingerprints?
A．Passwords can be changed.
B．It is simple to recognize fingerprints.
C．Fingerprints have a higher security level.
D．Passwords depend on users’ experience.
29．Which of the following statements is not mentioned as the use of biometric security?
A．Fingerprint recognition.
B．Immigration control.
C．Vehicle identification.
D．High-security controlled area.
30．What does the underlined word “counterfeit” probably mean in the last paragraph?
A．Reliable. B．False.
C．Genuine. D．Unique.
31．What can we infer from the text?
A．People should use passwords.
B．All the photos run a high risk of exposing personal information.
C．Passwords can be more easily stolen than fingerprints.
D．It’s easier to give away information of fingerprints through video.
Mr. Fang is now the owner of 36 greenhouses producing organic vegetables in the Gobi desert in Northwest China’s Gansu province. He is one of the beneficiaries of the Gobi Farming Program of Gansu province that is building rows of greenhouses in the desert to help transform local farming and alleviate poverty.
Grain production in Gansu is greatly affected by the climate and the output is unstable. Agricultural production there relies heavily on rivers, oases and groundwater irrigation. If traditional extensive agricultural production continued, it could gradually narrow the living space.
In 1995, a local entrepreneur ventured to use Israeli technologies to build greenhouses for vegetables growing in the desert. Such individual pilot projects encouraged the Gansu government to launch a provincial-level Gobi farming program in 2017 with a target to build up a controlled-environment agriculture of about 20,000 hectares by 2022. Some cities in the province, which include Fang’s village, have already been experimenting with Gobi farming for several years.
Despite the harsh environment, farming in the Gobi desert has its advantages: the extended amount of sunlight provides adequate energy for crops, a significant temperature difference between day and night helps crops accumulate nutrients and the Gobi’s hot and dry air means fewer pests and crop diseases. The Gobi greenhouses popping up in Gansu use drip and spray irrigation, which can cut water consumption by almost 50 percent compared to a normal farm. The greenhouses are also eco-friendly, as they use substrates for soilless cultivation recycled from rotten leaves, straw and cow and sheep feces.
With the greenhouses, Fang earns around 70,000 yuan annually. Data from Suzhou. district of Jiuquan showed the greenhouse program has helped bring an average revenue of about $ 72,300 per hectare to local farmers. Large scale greenhouse farming is an investment-intensive project and cannot be sustained only by government financial support. Therefore, the local government has been encouraging villagers such as Fang to take the lead to rent greenhouses or build their own.
It is not an easy task, and many villagers still want to wait and see. However, more and more are starting to join in,either to rum their own greenhouses or work as hired workers for greenhouse owners. Starting from managing four greenhouses in 2009, Fang now is also a partner of a greenhouse farming cooperative running 120 greenhouses.
The relatively low cost of large-scale land use in the Gobi desert have also encouraged large firms to start their Gobi farming pilot projects in Gansu. If the Gobi farming proves successful, it could provide experiences for countries in Central Asia linked with Gansu both by the ancient Silk Road as well as its modern version of the Belt and Road Initiative.
32．What affects grain production in Gansu most?
A．Money. B．Sunlight.
C．Air D．Water.
33．What does the Gobi Farming Program aim to do?
A．Change the local climate.
B．Make the local residents rich.
C．Protect the traditional agricultural production.
D．Help university students start their own business.
34．What can we learn from the text?
A．The harsh environment is good for crops .
B．At first, Fang only ran four greenhouses.
C．With the greenhouses, Fang earns around $ 70,000 annually.
D．Mr. Fang now owns 120 greenhouses producing organic vegetables.
35．What can be the best title for the text?
A．The Belt and Road Initiative
B．A Great Adventurer — Mr. Fang
C．The Gobi Farming Program of Gansu
D．The Advantages of Farming in the Gobi Desert
五、七选五
Being addicted to alcohol is harmful, which ruins your life, career and family. The following are several tips for helping people stop drinking.
First Step
The first step to stop drinking is to know why you want to stop drinking. Make a list of reasons for stopping drinking alcohol. 36． It would be better to display it in several places like on your fridge door and in your handbag to increase chances.
Reduce Drinking Alcohol Gradually
If you're a heavy drinker for a long time, it may not be possible for you to put a full stop to drinking within one day. 37． In addition, fix a date for a final complete stop.
Talk to Your Doctor
Alcohol addiction is a disease, and may have caused a few chemical changes in your body system. It might have affected your important organs such as the liver, heart, kidneys, and so on. 38．
Join Support Groups
There are many support groups like Alcoholics Anonymous (互助协会). 39． They provide practical tips and suggestions based on their own experience.
Learn to Say a Firm No
Friends at drinking clubs may invite you to drink with reasons. 40． You should learn to stay active by developing new hobbies and interests and spending that alcohol drinking time with your family and friends.
A．Turn down their invitations with polite yet firm Nos.
B．Alcohol can influence people's health and how they act.
C．You can also look for a friend's help to complete the list.
D．Usually, therefore, you need expert medical help for treatment.
E. The very best choice might be to drink less and then stop drinking gradually.
F. Their membership consists of previous alcohol addicts who have successfully given up their addiction.
G. For example, people may drink to deal with problems like boredom, stress and money troubles.
六、完形填空
Education is very close in my heart. My father grew up in a very small village in China. In those days, not many villagers could read. So, my father opened a night school to teach them how to read. With his help, many people learned to 41 their own names; with his help, many people learned to read newspapers for the first time; with his help, many women were able to 42 their children how to read. As his daughter, I know what 43 means to the people, especially those without it.
After generations of hard work, China has made achievements in education. I myself 44 that progress. Otherwise, I would never become a famous singer and a professor of music. I am following my father’s 45 to help continue China’s success story. I am truly 46 to work with the UN and do something about Global Education. I have visited many schools around the world. I’ve seen first-hand how much we can do for education.
Education is about women and girls. It is important for girls to go to school because they will become their children’s first teacher someday. But women still account for over half of the world’s poor population and 60% of adults who can’t read. Education is of extreme importance in 47 such inequalities. Education is about equality. In poor countries and regions the number of school dropouts is 48 . We call for more educational 49 to these places. Education is about the young people. Young people are the future. Education is important because it not only gives young people 50 and skills but also helps them become 51 citizens.
As the UNESCO special envoy (特使) and a mother myself, my 52 to education for all will never change. Many years ago my father made a small difference in his village. 53 , we can make a big difference in the world.
I was once asked about my Chinese 54 . I said I hope all children especially girls can have access to good education. I 55 one day education will no longer be a dream but a reality enjoyed by every young woman on this planet.
41．A．remember B．pronounce C．write D．confirm
42．A．teach B．inform C．convince D．require
43．A．education B．contribution C．devotion D．civilization
44．A．contribute to B．approve of C．benefit from D．pass down
45．A．routine B．fashion C．suggestions D．footsteps
46．A．determined B．confident C．honored D．allergic
47．A．accepting B．tolerating C．handling D．evaluating
48．A．arbitrary B．ambiguous C．accurate D．astonishing
49．A．resources B．experiences C．qualifications D．materials
50．A．permission B．strength C．wealth D．knowledge
51．A．independent B．responsible C．intelligent D．capable
52．A．response B．commitment C．reaction D．attendance
53．A．Together B．Meanwhile C．Therefore D．Moreover
54．A．expectation B．vision C．dream D．imagination
55．A．promise B．believe C．convey D．sense
七、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Artificial Intelligence (AI) could help promote the development of material science and accelerate the invention of new materials, according to Chinese experts. “Many core technologies that need breakthroughs in China are related 56． the material science, and AI could help in these areas.” Zhao Zhongxian, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 57． won China’s top science award, said at a science forum 58． (open) in Dongguan, Guangdong Province. 59． (tradition) methods for material composition analysis are time-consuming and expensive. 60． takes an average of 10 years to develop materials and 20 years for production. With AI, the development and application cycle of new materials is expected 61． (short) by more than half.
Wang Weihua from the Institute of physics under CAS said AI is changing the way new materials are discovered. Through machine learning of material data, AI could outperform many material scientists 62． make a more efficient prediction of new materials. The fast development of AI also needs support from the material science. With emerging intelligent robots, wearable medical devices and IOT systems(物联网系统), future smart sensors 63． (require) good sensitivity, flexibility and stability.
AI and material science are 64． (close) related, and material research could offer a solution for AI–related sensitive components, Zhao said. As for 65． the future with AI technology will be like, let us wait and see.
八、邀请信
66．假定你是高中学生李华，代表自己班级，邀请Dr. Frost 给班级同学做一场关于“如何保持身心健康”的在线讲座。请你写一封信，发出邀请。
要点：1. 时间，地点；
2. 主题，可简述原因；
3. 期望与感谢。
注意：1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Frost,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,
Li Hua
九、读后续写
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Devi looked through the observation window at the kids below, all waiting in line to get into the pool. She turned to her mother with a furious frown on her face. “Mom, they’re all little kids! I’m 15 already! This is ridiculous!”
“I know, Devi,” replied her mother, “but you’re a beginner, too, and you have to start somewhere!”
Devi had never been to a swimming lesson in her life. Between schoolwork and helping on her grandfather’s farm, she hadn’t had time for lessons. The closest swimming pool Devi had been to was the alligator pool her mother bought her when she was five. Now that Devi was older, her mother had found a new jo b in the city, and Devi faced a new challenge—school field trips to the local pool.
The first day that Devi went with her class to the pool, she had no idea what she was in for. What could be so difficult about swimming? Devi confidently slipped into the water and held onto the side of the pool, expecting to be able to touch the bottom with her feet. But when Devi let go of the side of the pool, she slipped under the water—the whole pool was one big deep end! Devi threw her arm toward the side of the pool and grabbed the ledge (池壁), out of breath. “I really can’t swim! Everyone’s going to laugh at me!” she thought to herself in a panic.
On the next field trip to the pool, Devi sat on the side on a bench, paralyzed with fear. She huddled with a towel over her shoulders, too embarrassed to try again. When she came home, her mother noticed right away that Devi was upset. “Honey, I’ve signed you up for Angela’s swimming lessons at the local pool. Soon you’ll learn how to swim just like everyone else,” she assured Devi, showing photos of Angela with her prize-winning students.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；
2. 每段的开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph 1
Then came the time for Devi to take her first lesson.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
Soon Angela came over to where Devi sat and introduced herself.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．B
【原文】
M: I don’t think it’s fair that Megan gets paid more for her chores than I do.
W: Well, she cleans all the bathrooms and washes the cars once every week. You only set the table once a day and sweep the floor a few times a month. Plus, she’s older.
2．C
【原文】
W: That famous science fiction writer Isaac Simon’s new book is coming out in July.
M: We probably won’t be able to find a library copy until September.
3．A
【原文】
W: John, you do things like this all the time! Can’t you knock on the door before you enter my office next time?
M: Sorry. I’m just in a hurry.
4．A
【原文】
W: How was your weekend? Did you end up going for that hike?
M: No, there was too much snow on the mountain, so we decided to go to a movie instead. Then we came home, built a fire, and drank hot chocolate.
5．B
【原文】
W: I’m so excited we get to spend two weeks in London and then another couple of weeks in Rome and Paris.
M: You’ve got it the wrong way around. We’re spending a week in Paris, two weeks in Rome, and another week in London.
6．A
7．C
【原文】
W: We should clean up the apartment. It’s been three weeks since we tidied up, and the day after tomorrow we’ll be going away on holiday for two weeks.
M: Yeah, I meant to clean the bathroom one week ago, but I was too busy at work. I can do it tomorrow. I have to go to the office again today to finish some work.
W: No problem. I’ll clean the kitchen and the living room today. But you should clean the bedroom as well.
M: OK.
8．A
9．B
【原文】
W: Does your wife work?
M: Yes, she does. She works at home.
W: Oh, I understand. She cooks, cleans, and takes care of the children. She does all the housework, right?
M: No, she doesn’t. Most of the time, I do those things.
W: You sound like a model husband.
M: I try to be. My wife is a writer. She writes on her computer. She has published ten novels already. Her next book will come out later this month. The name of the book is The Death of a Housewife.
W: Wow! I’ve got to read her new book as soon as it comes out.
10．A
11．C
12．C
【原文】
W: Darling. You know Jane and Robert next door have just had a baby girl, don’t you?
M: Yes?
W: Well, I really think we ought to get them some present.
M: Have you got anything particular in mind?
W: Why don’t we get the baby a nice, little dress?
M: A dress? What about a toy?
W: New-born babies don’t play with toys, darling. They just sleep, eat and cry. Or maybe we could get Jane and Robert something useful for the baby.
M: Yes. Useful and boring! I still think a toy would be better. Something the baby can listen to or look at...
W: Oh, yes. You mean a music box. That’s a good idea. Why don’t we go and see if we can find one in the afternoon?
M: I’m afraid I can’t come with you this afternoon. I’ve arranged to drive Dave to the airport.
W: Could we go on Saturday afternoon?
M: All right.
13．C
14．B
15．A
16．B
【原文】
W: Ooops, I’m glad that the lecture’s over. Alan, can I borrow your notes? I missed many points. M: Sorry, but I didn’t take notes.
W: Are you kidding? This lecture is important!
M: Actually, I don’t know how. It’s already hard for me to follow the instructor’s fast speed, let alone take notes.
W: Did you read the materials that he handed out last time?
M: No.
W: You’d better read it or spend 5 to 10 minutes skimming it before the lecture. It will help you get the main idea.
M: I see. But there is still so much information in a lecture.
W: Of course you have to select the most important points. Don’t write down every word the instructor says. Pay attention to how he organizes the materials, and you may want to add your own headings.
M: Well, where is my pen? Ah, here it is.
W: Shorthand(速记法) will help or you can develop an abbreviation system of your own.
M: And?
W: Oh, yes. Sometimes there will be gaps in your notes, you can exchange notes with a classmate to fill them in right after the class while your memory is fresh. I was trying to do that just now.
M: Eh.
W: Hey! What are you doing? You are not looking at me!
M: Me? Ha! I’m taking notes, of course.
W: Well… OK, and one last thing you have to do is fix your eyes upon the lecturer now and then.
17．C
18．A
19．C
20．B
【原文】
W: People over the age of 65 in the USA are called senior citizens. Life for these people is different from that for younger Americans. Most senior citizens retire, or no longer work full- time. Also it is unusual for people of this age to live with their children and grandchildren. Grandparents tend to live in their own houses or apartments away from their families.
For many senior citizens, the years after 65 are not enjoyable. They feel unproductive when they no longer work. Their lives lose meaning. In addition, they may feel lonely being concerned with their health as they grow older. If they live in big cities, they often worry about their safety.
Other senior citizens enjoy their lives. They feel free to do things they were not able to do when they were working and raising families. The number of senior citizens in the US is increasing rapidly because people are living longer than before. Because of their large numbers and more active lifestyles, senior citizens are gaining social influence in the country both politically and economically. Their concerns are receiving a wider audience than ever before. The time may come when all Americans will look forward to becoming senior citizens.
21．B
22．D
23．B
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在中国的不同地区与小寒节气有关的习俗。
21．
细节理解题。根据文章第一段中““Sanjiu period”, which is in Minor Cold (小寒), refers to the third nine-day period (the 19th to the 27th day) after the day of the Winter Solstice (冬至).（“三九”是在小寒期间，指的是冬至后第三个九天即第19天到第27天）”。可知，“三九”是在小寒期间。故选B项。
22．
细节理解题。根据Eating glutinous rice(糯米饭)部分中“ Cantonese add some fried preserved(腌制的)pork，sausages and peanuts and mix them into the rice. ”可知，广东人在小寒的早上吃糯米饭，把腌制的猪肉、香肠和花生拌入糯米饭中食用。所以广东人把糯米饭和许多其他东西混合在一起吃。故选D项。
23．
推理判断题。根据文章内容，特别是第一段中的“There are many different customs related to Minor Cold in China.( 中国有许多与小寒有关的风俗。)”可知，本文介绍了在中国与小寒节气有关的习俗，属于文化范畴，最有可能出自报纸的文化栏目，故选B项。
24．D
25．D
26．C
27．A
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了27岁的牛津大学毕业生Freshta Karim在家乡创办了非营利组织Charmaghz，来为孩子们提供更多的阅读机会。阿富汗是世界上识字率最低的国家之一，喀布尔的大多数公立学校没有图书馆，对Karim来说，Charmaghz用巴士给孩子们送书是一种经济有效的方式。
24．
细节理解题。根据第一段中These travelling libraries stop off at schools in different parts of the city, delivering a wealth of reading material directly to youngsters who have limited access to books.可知这些流动图书馆会在城市的不同地区的学校停留，直接为那些接触书籍不多的年轻人提供丰富的阅读材料。由此可知，Freshta Karim建立了这个组织，是为了给孩子们提供更多的阅读机会。故选D。
25．
推理判断题。根据第二段“A lot of schools in our city don’t have access to something as basic as a library,” says Freshta Karim, a 27-year-old Oxford University graduate who was inspired to start Charmaghz, a non-profit organization, in her home city having grown up without many books herself. “We were trying to understand what we could do to promote critical thinking in our country.”可知“我们城市的很多学校都没有像图书馆这样的基础设施，”27岁的牛津大学毕业生Freshta Karim说，她在成长过程中没有很多书，受启发在家乡创办了非营利组织Charmaghz。“我们试图弄清楚我们能做些什么来促进我们国家的批判性思维。”由此可推知，Charmarghz特别之处在于，它的目的是激发批判性思维。故选D。
26．
推理判断题。根据最后一段The organization is funded by donations from local business and communities, and also rents a third bus that acts as a mobile cinema. Over 600 children visit the buses each day to read, socialise and play games. “They are often very excited,” she says. “Our biggest challenge is that so many children want to come inside the bus, but we can’t have all of them in one day.”可知该组织的资金来自当地企业和社区的捐赠，并租用了第三辆巴士作为移动电影院。每天有600多名儿童来巴士上阅读、社交和玩游戏。“他们通常非常兴奋，”她说。“我们最大的挑战是，这么多孩子想要进来，但我们不可能在一天之内让所有的孩子都进来。”由此可推知，Charmarghz最迫切的问题是缺少流动图书馆。故选C。
27．
推理判断题。根据第二段“A lot of schools in our city don’t have access to something as basic as a library,” says Freshta Karim, a 27-year-old Oxford University graduate who was inspired to start Charmaghz, a non-profit organization, in her home city having grown up without many books herself. “We were trying to understand what we could do to promote critical thinking in our country.”可知“我们城市的很多学校都没有像图书馆这样的基础设施，”27岁的牛津大学毕业生Freshta Karim说，她在成长过程中没有很多书，受启发在家乡创办了非营利组织Charmaghz。可知Karim创办了非盈利组织来帮助那些没有书看的孩子们，说明Karim是个乐于助人的人；结合倒数第二段Charmarghz rents them from a state-owned bus company. “We go to nearby schools,” she says. “We try to stop inside communities rather than on the main streets where explosions often happen.”可知Charmarghz从一家国有公交公司租借。“我们去附近的学校，”她说。“我们尽量在社区内停车，而不是在经常发生爆炸的主要街道上。”可推知，Karim敢于在动荡不安的阿富汗创办让更多儿童读书的项目，说明Karim是个勇敢的人；由此可推知，Freshta Karim是一个乐于助人且勇敢的人。故选A。
28．A
29．C
30．B
31．D
【分析】
本文是说明文。文章讲述了在当代社会，人们的指纹信息很容易泄露，应多加注意。
28．
细节理解题。通过文章第三段“Unlike a password you can’t change your fingers.（与密码不同，您不能更改手指指纹。）”可知密码和指纹的区别在于密码可以更改，而指纹不能。故选A项。
29．
推理判断题。通过文章第四段“Biometric security is reaching the mainstream with more than 50 percent of mobile phones set to include fingerprint recognition for the first time in 2017. The technology is also used in immigration control and for access to high-security controlled areas.（生物统计安全正在成为主流，超过50%的手机将在2017年首次实现指纹识别。这项技术还用于移民管制和进入高度安全管制地区。）”可知该项技术将用于指纹识别，移民管制以及高度安全控制区，没有提及用于车辆识别。故选C项。
30．
词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“to commit crimes, such as stealing fingerprint passwords and signing agreements.”可知犯罪分子通过伪造的指纹进行犯罪，比如盗取指纹密码和签署协议。所以“counterfeit”的词义是伪造的。故选B项。
31．
推理判断题。通过文章第六段“However, compared to video, it is more difficult to obtain fingerprints through just one photo.（然而，与视频相比，仅仅通过一张照片就很难获得指纹。）”可以推知，通过视频传递指纹信息更容易。故选D项。
32．D
33．B
34．B
35．C
【分析】
本文为说明文。本文主要介绍了甘肃粮食生产受气候影响大，产量不稳定。那里的农业生产严重依赖河流、绿洲和地下水灌溉。为了帮助当地居民富裕起来，在甘肃进行戈壁农业项目试点。
32．细节推断题。 根据第二段中的Grain production in Gansu is greatly affected by the climate and the output is unstable. Agricultural production there relies heavily on rivers, oases and groundwater irrigation.可知，甘肃粮食生产受气候影响大，产量不稳定。那里的农业生产严重依赖河流、绿洲和地下水灌溉。由此可知，影响甘肃农业的是水源。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Farming Program of Gansu province that is building rows of greenhouses in the desert to help transform local farming and alleviate poverty.可知，甘肃省的农业项目正在沙漠中建造一排温室，以帮助改变当地的农业和减轻贫困，并结合全文可推断出，这个项目的目标是让当地居民富裕起来。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句Starting from managing four greenhouses in 2009, Fang now is also a partner of a greenhouse farming cooperative running 120 greenhouses.可知，从2009年管理4个温室开始，方现在也是一个管理120个温室的温室农业合作社的合伙人。由此推断出，方开始时只管理四个温室。故选B。
35．主旨大意题。本文的主旨在第一段Mr. Fang is now the owner of 36 greenhouses producing organic vegetables in the Gobi desert in Northwest China’s Gansu province. He is one of the beneficiaries of the Gobi Farming Program of Gansu province that is building rows of greenhouses in the desert to help transform local farming and alleviate poverty.可知，方先生现在是中国西北甘肃省戈壁沙漠36个生产有机蔬菜的温室的主人。他是甘肃省戈壁农业项目的受益者之一，该项目正在沙漠中建造一排温室，以帮助当地农业转型和减轻贫困。结合全文可知，文章主要介绍甘肃省在戈壁沙漠中实行的甘肃省戈壁农业项目及该工程的意义。由此可推断出，最佳题目是C项 The Gobi Farming Program of Gansu(甘肃戈壁农业项目)符合题意。故选C项。
【点睛】
选择标题在英语阅读理解中属于主旨大意题，是一种深层理解题。要求考生在通读全文的基础上，认真分析文章大意及作者的写作意图。通常情况下，标题要有根据性，针对性和醒目性的特点。所谓概括性，就是指标题应最大程度上覆盖全文，囊括文章的主要内容，体现文章的主题。针对性就是对标题外延的一种界定，标题要直接指向文章的主要特点。而醒目性是为了吸引了读者的注意，唤起读者对文章阅读的兴趣。
确定最佳标题的方法。在阅读文章时，要注意文章中反复出现的或强调的信息，寻找与文章大多数内容相关的信息。找出覆盖全文的核心词汇，看选项内容是否切中文章的中心论题。也就是要看选项内容与作者的写作目的是否一致。如第3小题，文章反复出现的单词是the Gobi Farming Program of Gansu，这与选项C中的the Gobi Farming Program of Gansu相照应。
寻找文章的主题句。文章主要论题的关键是找到文章的主题句。主题句通常在文章的首段，也可能在文章的末段，在文章的某一段落，或分散在文章的各个段落中。如果每个段落都有主题句，那么把各段落的主题句的中心集中起来，即为全文的主题句。本文的主旨在第一段Mr. Fang is now the owner of 36 greenhouses producing organic vegetables in the Gobi desert in Northwest China’s Gansu province. He is one of the beneficiaries of the Gobi Farming Program of Gansu province that is building rows of greenhouses in the desert to help transform local farming and alleviate poverty.可知，方先生现在是中国西北甘肃省戈壁沙漠36个生产有机蔬菜的温室的主人。他是甘肃省戈壁农业项目的受益者之一，该项目正在沙漠中建造一排温室，以帮助当地农业转型和减轻贫困。结合全文可知，文章主要介绍甘肃省在戈壁沙漠中实行的甘肃省戈壁农业项目及该工程的意义。由此可推断出，最佳题目是C项 The Gobi Farming Program of Gansu(甘肃戈壁农业项目)符合题意。故选C项。
36．C
37．E
38．D
39．F
40．A
【分析】
本文为说明文。酗酒是有害的，它会毁了你的生活、事业和家庭。本文给出了一些帮助人们戒酒的建议。
36．
根据上文“Make a list of reasons for stopping drinking alcohol(列出戒酒的理由).”提到“make a list(列一个清单)”和下文“It would be better to display it in several places…to increase chances(最好把它多在几个地方展示，以增加机会).”可知，要列出一个戒酒理由的清单，为了增加戒酒的几率，你可以让朋友帮你或者将清单张贴多处，以便随时监督和提醒。因此C. You can also look for a friend's help to complete the list(你也可以在朋友的帮助下完成这个清单)符合语境，故选C。
37．
根据上文“If you're a heavy drinker for a long time, it may not be possible for you to put a full stop to drinking within one day.( 如果你是一个长期酗酒的人，你也许不可能在一天内完全停止饮酒。)”可知长期酗酒者也许“不可能在一天内完全停止饮酒，因此循序渐进是一个好方法，选项E. The very best choice might be to drink less and then stop drinking gradually(最好的选择可能是少喝酒，然后逐渐停止喝酒)符合语境，故选E。
38．
根据本段第一句“Alcohol addiction is a disease, and may have caused a few chemical changes in your body system(酒精上瘾是一种疾病，可能会在你的身体系统中引起一些化学变化).”可知，酒精上瘾是一种疾病，有必要时要医疗介入，故选项D. Usually, therefore, you need expert medical help for treatment(因此，通常情况下，你需要专家的医疗帮助来进行治疗)符合语境，故选D。
39．
根据本段副标题Join Support Groups可知，你可以加入互助团体，再根据下一句“They provide practical tips and suggestions based on their own experience(他们根据自己的经验提供实用的提示和建议).”可知，这里的“他们”是指加入互助协会的会员们，他们会根据自己的成功戒酒经验提出建议，这与选项F. Their membership consists of previous alcohol addicts who have successfully given up their addiction(他们的会员都是以前的酒瘾者，他们已经成功戒掉了酒瘾)相契合，故选F。
40．
根据本段落副标题Learn to Say a Firm No可知，要对于朋友们的邀请坚决说“不”，选项A. Turn down their invitations with polite yet firm Nos(礼貌而坚定地拒绝他们的邀请)符合语境，故选A。
41．C
42．A
43．A
44．C
45．D
46．C
47．C
48．D
49．A
50．D
51．B
52．B
53．A
54．C
55．B
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的父亲在一个小村子里教人们读书，受到父亲的影响，作者长大后也决定为教育做些什么。作为联合国教科文组织的特使，作者去了世界各地的许多学校，呼吁人们为贫困国家和地区提供更多的教育资源并重视教育不平等的问题。
41．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他的帮助下，许多人学会了写自己的名字。A. remember记住；B. pronounce发音；C. write书写；D. confirm证实。根据句中“to teach them how to read”可知，父亲在教他们读书，之所以不能阅读，是因为不认字，由此可推断出，在父亲的帮助下，他们会写字了，所以应该是学会了“写”自己的名字。故选C。
42．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他的帮助下，许多妇女能够教她们的孩子如何阅读。A. teach教；B. inform通知；C. convince使确信；D. require要求。根据上文可知，许多大人学会了读书和写字，由此可推断出，许多学会读书的妇女能够“教”她们的孩子如何阅读。故选A。
43．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为他的女儿，我知道教育对人们，特别是那些没有接受教育的人意味着什么。A. education教育；B. contribution贡献；C. devotion奉献；D. civilization文明。根据文章第一段第一句“Education is very close in my heart.”可知，本文主要讨论的是教育的问题，包括文章谈到的父亲对人们的帮助，也是关于教育的。由此可推断出，句中指的是我知道“教育”对人们意味着什么。故选A。
44．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我自己也从中受益。A. contribute to为……做出贡献；B. approve of赞成，赞同；C. benefit from从……获益；D. pass down把……一代传一代，使流传。根据后文“Otherwise, I would never become a famous singer and a professor of music.”可知，要是没有接受教育，作者永远不会成为一个著名的歌唱家和音乐教授。由此可推断，作者也从中国教育的进步中受益了。故选C。
45．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我将追随我父亲的脚步，去帮助延续中国的成功故事。A. routine常规；B. fashion时尚；C. suggestions建议；D. footsteps脚步，足迹。根据后文“work with the UN and do something about Global Education”可知，作者与联合国合作，为全球教育做些事情，由此可推断出，作者像父亲一样，为教育努力，所以应该是追随父亲的脚步。故选D。
46．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很荣幸能与联合国合作，为全球教育做点什么。A. determined坚决的；B. confident自信的；C. honored荣幸的；D. allergic过敏的。根据上文可知，作者也想和父亲一样为教育事业做出努力。由此可推断出，能和联合国合作并为全球教育做点什么是让作者感到荣幸的。故选C
47．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：教育在处理这种不平等方面极为重要。A. accepting接受；B. tolerating容忍；C. handling处理；D. evaluating评估。根据后文“Education is about equality.”可知，教育是平等的，由此可推断出，教育是“处理”上文提到的不平等问题的。故选C。
48．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在贫困国家和地区，辍学人数惊人。A. arbitrary武断的，任意的；B. ambiguous模棱两可的；C. accurate精确的；D. astonishing惊人的。根据后文“We call for more educational _____ to these places.”可知，贫困国家和地区需要更多的教育资源，由此可推断出这些地方的教育资源不足，导致很多人辍学，也就是说，辍学人数是惊人的。故选D。
49．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们呼吁向这些地方提供更多的教育资源。A. resources资源；B. experiences经历；C. qualifications资格；D. materials材料。句中的“these places”指上文提到的“poor countries and regions”可推断出，贫困国家和地区应该是缺少教育资源，所以呼吁向这些地方提供更多的教育“资源”。故选A。
50．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：教育很重要，因为它不仅给年轻人知识和技能，而且帮助他们成为负责任的公民。A. permission许可；B. strength力量；C. wealth财产；D. knowledge知识。根据句中的“and skills”和常识可知，通过教育，人们学到的是“知识”和技能。故选D。
51．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：教育很重要，因为它不仅给年轻人知识和技能，而且帮助他们成为负责任的公民。A. independent独立的；B. responsible负责的；C. intelligent聪明的，有才智的；D. capable有能力的。根据句中的“citizens”和上文提到的“Young people are the future.”可知，年轻人是国家的未来，因此可推断出教育是使年轻人成为对国家“负责任的”公民，能够为国家未来的发展而努力。故选B。
52．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为联合国教科文组织的特使和一位母亲，我对全民教育的承诺永远不会改变。A. response答复；B. commitment承诺；C. reaction反应；D. attendance出席。上文提到作者将追随父亲的脚步，继续为教育做贡献。由此可推断出，作者是对全民教育做出了“承诺”。故选B。
53．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们一起努力，就能对世界产生很大的影响。A. Together一起；B. Meanwhile同时；C. Therefore因此；D. Moreover此外。根据上文“my father made a small difference in his village”可知，父亲的努力给村子里带来了小的影响，再结合空格所在句的“we can make a big difference in the world”可知，这里的we代指所有为教育事业努力的人。由此可推断出，是我们“一起”努力，就能对世界产生很大的影响。故选A。
54．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我曾经被问到过关于我的中国梦。A. expectation期待；B. vision视力，视野；C. dream梦，梦想；D. imagination想象力。根据后文“I hope all children especially girls can have access to good education”可知，作者希望所有的孩子，特别是女孩都能接受良好的教育。由此可推断出，这应该是作者的梦想，“Chinese dream”意为“中国梦”。故选C。
55．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我相信有一天，教育为先将不再是一个梦想，而是这个星球上每个年轻女性都会享受的现实。A. promise承诺；B. believe相信；C. convey表达，传达；D. sense意识到，感觉到。根据上文可知，希望所有的孩子都能接受良好的教育是作者的梦想。由此可推断出，这里指作者“相信”这个梦想会成为现实。故选B。
56．to/with
57．who
58．opened
59．Traditional
60．It
61．to be shortened
62．and
63．will require
64．closely
65．what
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。人工智能将有助于促进材料科学的发展，加速新材料的发明。中国专家对人工智能的作用进行了介绍和说明。
56．
考查介词。句意：中国许多需要突破的核心技术都与材料科学有关。be related to/with是固定搭配，意为“和……有关”。故填to/with。
57．
考查定语从句。句意：赵忠贤，一位中国科学院院士，他荣获中国最高科学奖，在一次科学论坛上说……。 2 won China’s top science award是非限制性定语从句，修饰Zhao Zhongxian，引导词在从句中作主语，指人，应该用关系代词who引导该从句。故填who。
58．
考查非谓语动词。句意：赵忠贤在广东省东莞市举行的一个公开的科学论坛上说……。 3 (open) in Dongguan, Guangdong Province是定语，修饰a science forum，a science forum和open之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语，故填opened。
59．
考查形容词。句意：传统的材料成分分析方法既费时又昂贵。该空修饰名词methods，应用形容词。且位于句首，首字母应大写，故填Traditional。
60．
考查代词。句意：开发材料平均需要10年，生产需要20年。It takes +时间+to do sth.做某事需花费多少时间，固定句型，to develop materials and 20 years for production是主语，空处是形式主语。形式主语应用it。且空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填It。
61．
考查非谓语动词。句意：有了人工智能，新材料的开发和应用周期预计将缩短一半以上。根据sb./sth. be expected to do结构，该句应用动词不定式。short的动词形式为shorten（缩短）。且主语the development and application cycle of new materials和shorten之间是被动关系，故应用动词不定式的被动形式。故填to be shortened。
62．
考查连词。句意：通过对材料数据的机器学习，人工智能可以超越许多材料科学家，对新材料进行更有效的预测。outperform many material scientists和make a more efficient prediction of new materials并列，且从意思上来说是顺承关系，故填and。
63．
考查时态。句意：未来的智能传感器将需要良好的灵敏度、灵活性和稳定性。空处作谓语，且根据future可知，该句叙述的是未来的情况。因此，应用一般将来时态。故填will require。
64．
考查副词。句意：人工智能与材料科学密切相关。该空修饰形容词related，应用副词。且表示“密切地”，故填closely。
65．
考查宾语从句。句意：至于人工智能技术的未来会是什么样子，让我们拭目以待。介词for后需用连接词引导宾语从句，从句介词like后缺少宾语，表示具体的内容，所以空处需用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。
66．Dear Forest,
I’m writing, on behalf of my class, to earnestly invite you to deliver an online lecture concerning students’ health issues between 4 p. m. and 5 p. m. next Friday.
We would be more than grateful if you could lecture on relevant approaches to improving our physical and psychological health, especially as many of us are exhausted and depressed due to continuous efforts in study as well as suffering from inadequate sleep and exercise, eating disorder, and feeling stressed out before exams.
It’ll be our great privilege to benefit from your expertise in health care. Looking forward to your positive reply.
Yours
Li Hua
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邀请信，邀请Dr. Frost 给班级同学做一场关于“如何保持身心健康”的在线讲座。
【详解】
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1.时间，地点；
2.主题，可简述原因；
3. 期望与感谢。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
on behalf of；deliver an online lecture；physical and psychological health；due to；as well as ；suffer from；stressed out ； benefit from；look forward to
第三步：连词成句
1.I’m writing, on behalf of my class, to earnestly invite you to deliver an online lecture concerning students’ health issues between 4 p. m. and 5 p. m. next Friday.
2.We would be more than grateful if you could lecture on relevant approaches to improving our physical and psychological health, especially as many of us are exhausted and depressed due to continuous efforts in study as well as suffering from inadequate sleep and exercise, eating disorder, and feeling stressed out before exams.
3.It’ll be our great privilege to benefit from your expertise in health care.
4.Looking forward to your positive reply.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last（供参考）
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including（供参考）
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…（供参考）
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result （供参考）
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
【点睛】
[高分句型1] I’m writing, on behalf of my class, to earnestly invite you to deliver an online lecture concerning students’ health issues between 4 p. m. and 5 p. m. next Friday.(动词不定式作目的状语)
[高分句型2] It’ll be our great privilege to benefit from your expertise in health care. (it作形式主语，真正的主语的动词不定式)
67．Paragraph 1
Then came the time for Devi to take her first lesson. She dragged her feet to the side of the pool and sat down, in doubt whether lessons would be helpful. Scanning around, Devi spotted her instructor across the pool, together with the little kids who jumped into the water like fish leaping into the ocean. She watched in amazement. Envious as Devi was, a flush of embarrassment soon crept to her cheeks when a little girl passed by, asking her not to be scared. How embarrassing! She hung her head.
Paragraph 2
Soon Angela came over to where Devi sat and introduced herself. Devi was astonished to be made aware that Angela had never learned swimming until she was 20. Greatly inspired, Devi now regained hope. She entered the pool a second time in the company of Angela, several cheerful kids floating near to cheer her on. Devi began to feel more at ease, her movement less stiff and her breath more even. With a grateful heart, Devi realized that she might not be a fearless swimmer, but she would sure have fun trying.
【分析】
本文讲述了黛维因为学业和在农场帮助祖父而一直没有时间去游泳，妈妈给黛维在当地找了游泳池学习游泳，黛维初次学习的时候感觉很自信，但是真正进入到水里的时候发现游泳比想象中难，不小心呛水的黛维觉得自己很尴尬，恐惧去学游泳，这时黛维的母亲给她报了一个游泳班。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“接着，轮到黛维上她的第一节课了。”可知，第一段描写黛维去上游泳课的情况。
②由第二段首句内容“不久，安吉拉来到黛维坐的地方，做了自我介绍”可知，第二段可描写安吉拉老师和黛维的相处。
2.续写线索：怀疑课程——看别人跳水——感到尴尬——和老师交流——尝试游泳——喜欢上游泳
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.和：together with /as well as
②.路过：pass by/go past
③.鼓励：cheer on/encourage
情绪类
①.感知：feel more at ease/feel relaxed；astonished/surprised/shocked；in amazement/in surprise
②.积极：fearless /brave
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. She dragged her feet to the side of the pool and sat down, in doubt whether lessons would be helpful.（由连接词whether引导同位语从句）
[高分句型2]. Devi spotted her instructor across the pool, together with the little kids who jumped into the water like fish leaping into the ocean.（由关系代词who引导限制性定语从句）
湖北省荆州中学2020-2021学年高二上学期期末考试
英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、短对话
1．How often does Megan clean the bathrooms?
A．Once a day. B．Once a week. C．A few times a month.
2．What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A．A library. B．A writer. C．A book.
3．How does the woman feel?
A．Annoyed. B．Relieved. C．Nervous.
4．What did the man do over the weekend?
A．He saw a film.
B．He went on a hike.
C．He made chocolate cakes.
5．Where will the speakers go first according to the man?
A．To Rome. B．To Paris. C．To London.
二、长对话
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．When will the woman start to clean?
A．Today. B．Tomorrow. C．The day after tomorrow.
7．Which room will the man clean?
A．The kitchen. B．The living room. C．The bathroom.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What does the man’s wife mostly do at home?
A．She writes books.
B．She does housework.
C．She plays computer games.
9．What will the man’s wife do later this month?
A．She will write a novel.
B．She will publish a new book.
C．She will try working at home.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10．Who are Jane and Robert?
A．The speakers’ neighbors.
B．The speakers’ classmates.
C．The speakers’ colleagues.
11．Why doesn’t the woman want to buy a toy?
A．It is too expensive.
B．The baby already has too many toys.
C．The baby is too little to play with it.
12．What has the man decided to do in the afternoon?
A．Visit Jane and Robert.
B．Go to a department store.
C．Drive Dave to the airport.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13．Why didn’t the man take notes?
A．Because of his laziness.
B．Because of the dull literature.
C．Because of the fast speed of the instructor.
14．What is the woman’s advice for the man?
A．Trying to write down every word the instructor says.
B．Reading the materials that the instructor handed out beforehand.
C．Fixing his eyes upon the classmates now and then during the lecture.
15．What’s the man doing while talking with the woman?
A．Taking notes.
B．Looking for his pencil.
C．Exchanging notes with others.
16．How does the woman sound?
A．Confident. B．Helpful. C．Proud.
三、短文
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．Who are called senior citizens in the USA?
A．People over 55 years old.
B．People over 60 years old.
C．People over 65 years old.
18．What is the feature of senior citizens?
A．They have more free time.
B．They live with their families.
C．They always have part-time jobs.
19．What are senior citizens in big cities usually worried about?
A．Their health. B．Their wealth. C．Their safety.
20．What may be the speaker’s attitude towards the future of senior citizens?
A．Doubtful. B．Optimistic. C．Cautious.
四、阅读理解
As an old saying in China goes, “The days of the Sanjiu period are the coldest days.” “Sanjiu period”, which is in Minor Cold (小寒), refers to the third nine-day period (the 19th to the 27th day) after the day of the Winter Solstice (冬至). There are many different customs related to Minor Cold in China.
Eating hotpot
During Minor Cold people should eat some hot food to benefit the body and defend against the cold weather. Winter is the best time to have hotpot and braised mutton with soy sauce. But it is important to notice that too much spicy food may cause health problems.
Eating huangyacai
In Tianjin, there is a custom to have huangyacai, a kind of Chinese cabbage, during Minor Cold. There are large amounts of vitamins A and B in huangyacai. As huangyacai is fresh and tender, it is fit for frying, roasting and braising.
Eating glutinous rice (糯米饭)
According to tradition, the Cantonese eat glutinous rice in the morning during Minor Cold. Cantonese people add some fried preserved pork, sausages and peanuts and mix them into the rice.
Eating vegetable rice
In ancient times, people in Nanjing took Minor Cold quite seriously, but as time went by, the celebration of Minor Cold gradually disappeared. However, the custom of eating vegetable rice is still followed today. The rice is steamed and is incredibly delicious. Among the ingredients (原料), aijiaohuang (a kind of green vegetable), sausages and salted duck are the specialties in Nanjing.
21．What do we know about Minor Cold?
A．It lasts twenty-seven days.
B．The Sanjiu period is in this period.
C．It refers to the Winter Solstice.
D．It marks the first day of winter.
22．How do the Cantonese eat glutinous rice?
A．They fry and toast it.
B．They eat it for dinner.
C．They steam it with soy sauce.
D．They mix it with many other things.
23．This text may be taken from the _________ column of a newspaper.
A．travel B．culture
C．fashion D．science
Every week, two converted blue buses packed with children’s books carefully drive along the streets of Kabul, avoiding areas where deadly explosions are common. These travelling libraries stop off at schools in different parts of the city, delivering a wealth of reading material directly to youngsters who have limited access to books.
“A lot of schools in our city don’t have access to something as basic as a library,” says Freshta Karim, a 27-year-old Oxford University graduate who was inspired to start Charmaghz, a non-profit organization, in her home city having grown up without many books herself. “We were trying to understand what we could do to promote critical thinking in our country.”
While for many people a bus or train journey presents a rare opportunity to get stuck into a book, in some cities public transport is being used as means of getting books to communities that need them most. Afghanistan, for example, has one of the world’s lowest literacy rates, with only three in 10 adults able to read, according to UNESCO. The majority of public schools in Kabul do not have libraries and the city’s libraries do not offer many children’s books. For Karim, buses were a cost-effective, efficient way to get books to children.
Charmarghz rents them from a state-owned bus company. “We go to nearby schools,” she says. “We try to stop inside communities rather than on the main streets where explosions often happen.”
The organization is funded by donations from local business and communities, and also rents a third bus that acts as a mobile cinema. Over 600 children visit the buses each day to read, socialise and play games. “They are often very excited,” she says. “Our biggest challenge is that so many children want to come inside the bus, but we can’t have all of them in one day.”
24．Why does Freshta Karim set up the organization?
A．To raise money for the poor.
B．To recycle abandoned buses.
C．To build libraries for the local schools.
D．To offer the children more reading opportunities.
25．What is special about Charmarghz?
A．It’s funded by UNESCO. B．It’s a state-owned organization.
C．It buys buses from a company. D．It aims to inspire critical thinking.
26．What is the most pressing problem for Charmarghz?
A．Deadly explosions. B．Poor public transport system.
C．Shortage of travelling libraries. D．Lack of support from the government.
27．Which of the following best describes Freshta Karim?
A．Caring and courageous. B．Humorous and ambitious.
C．Demanding and enthusiastic. D．Honest and hardworking.
Posing for a picture and flashing the V sign may expose your fingerprints, giving criminals an opportunity to steal your important information.
Researchers with the National Institute of Informatics in Japan successfully got fingerprint information from a picture during an experiment, even though the subject was photographed from three meters away, according to the newspaper.
“Once you share them on social media then they’re gone. Unlike a password you can’t change your fingers.”
Biometric（生物统计的） security is reaching the mainstream with more than 50 percent of mobile phones set to include fingerprint recognition for the first time in 2017. The technology is also used in immigration control and for access to high-security controlled areas.
Photos that include both people's faces and fingers run a higher risk of revealing personal information, and the risk for celebrities is even higher.
Chinese experts in fingerprint identification confirmed the possibility. "Technically, we can use high-definition video cameras to obtain people's fingerprints," said Dr. Yin Desen of the First Institute of the Ministry of Public Security. He also said that people's external features are easily recorded. However, compared to video, it is more difficult to obtain fingerprints through just one photo.
According to experts, criminals are able to use counterfeit fingerprints to commit crimes, such as stealing fingerprint passwords and signing agreements. Yin warned that people should pay more attention when they leave fingerprints or use them as passwords.
28．What is the difference between passwords and fingerprints?
A．Passwords can be changed.
B．It is simple to recognize fingerprints.
C．Fingerprints have a higher security level.
D．Passwords depend on users’ experience.
29．Which of the following statements is not mentioned as the use of biometric security?
A．Fingerprint recognition.
B．Immigration control.
C．Vehicle identification.
D．High-security controlled area.
30．What does the underlined word “counterfeit” probably mean in the last paragraph?
A．Reliable. B．False.
C．Genuine. D．Unique.
31．What can we infer from the text?
A．People should use passwords.
B．All the photos run a high risk of exposing personal information.
C．Passwords can be more easily stolen than fingerprints.
D．It’s easier to give away information of fingerprints through video.
Mr. Fang is now the owner of 36 greenhouses producing organic vegetables in the Gobi desert in Northwest China’s Gansu province. He is one of the beneficiaries of the Gobi Farming Program of Gansu province that is building rows of greenhouses in the desert to help transform local farming and alleviate poverty.
Grain production in Gansu is greatly affected by the climate and the output is unstable. Agricultural production there relies heavily on rivers, oases and groundwater irrigation. If traditional extensive agricultural production continued, it could gradually narrow the living space.
In 1995, a local entrepreneur ventured to use Israeli technologies to build greenhouses for vegetables growing in the desert. Such individual pilot projects encouraged the Gansu government to launch a provincial-level Gobi farming program in 2017 with a target to build up a controlled-environment agriculture of about 20,000 hectares by 2022. Some cities in the province, which include Fang’s village, have already been experimenting with Gobi farming for several years.
Despite the harsh environment, farming in the Gobi desert has its advantages: the extended amount of sunlight provides adequate energy for crops, a significant temperature difference between day and night helps crops accumulate nutrients and the Gobi’s hot and dry air means fewer pests and crop diseases. The Gobi greenhouses popping up in Gansu use drip and spray irrigation, which can cut water consumption by almost 50 percent compared to a normal farm. The greenhouses are also eco-friendly, as they use substrates for soilless cultivation recycled from rotten leaves, straw and cow and sheep feces.
With the greenhouses, Fang earns around 70,000 yuan annually. Data from Suzhou. district of Jiuquan showed the greenhouse program has helped bring an average revenue of about $ 72,300 per hectare to local farmers. Large scale greenhouse farming is an investment-intensive project and cannot be sustained only by government financial support. Therefore, the local government has been encouraging villagers such as Fang to take the lead to rent greenhouses or build their own.
It is not an easy task, and many villagers still want to wait and see. However, more and more are starting to join in,either to rum their own greenhouses or work as hired workers for greenhouse owners. Starting from managing four greenhouses in 2009, Fang now is also a partner of a greenhouse farming cooperative running 120 greenhouses.
The relatively low cost of large-scale land use in the Gobi desert have also encouraged large firms to start their Gobi farming pilot projects in Gansu. If the Gobi farming proves successful, it could provide experiences for countries in Central Asia linked with Gansu both by the ancient Silk Road as well as its modern version of the Belt and Road Initiative.
32．What affects grain production in Gansu most?
A．Money. B．Sunlight.
C．Air D．Water.
33．What does the Gobi Farming Program aim to do?
A．Change the local climate.
B．Make the local residents rich.
C．Protect the traditional agricultural production.
D．Help university students start their own business.
34．What can we learn from the text?
A．The harsh environment is good for crops .
B．At first, Fang only ran four greenhouses.
C．With the greenhouses, Fang earns around $ 70,000 annually.
D．Mr. Fang now owns 120 greenhouses producing organic vegetables.
35．What can be the best title for the text?
A．The Belt and Road Initiative
B．A Great Adventurer — Mr. Fang
C．The Gobi Farming Program of Gansu
D．The Advantages of Farming in the Gobi Desert
五、七选五
Being addicted to alcohol is harmful, which ruins your life, career and family. The following are several tips for helping people stop drinking.
First Step
The first step to stop drinking is to know why you want to stop drinking. Make a list of reasons for stopping drinking alcohol. 36． It would be better to display it in several places like on your fridge door and in your handbag to increase chances.
Reduce Drinking Alcohol Gradually
If you're a heavy drinker for a long time, it may not be possible for you to put a full stop to drinking within one day. 37． In addition, fix a date for a final complete stop.
Talk to Your Doctor
Alcohol addiction is a disease, and may have caused a few chemical changes in your body system. It might have affected your important organs such as the liver, heart, kidneys, and so on. 38．
Join Support Groups
There are many support groups like Alcoholics Anonymous (互助协会). 39． They provide practical tips and suggestions based on their own experience.
Learn to Say a Firm No
Friends at drinking clubs may invite you to drink with reasons. 40． You should learn to stay active by developing new hobbies and interests and spending that alcohol drinking time with your family and friends.
A．Turn down their invitations with polite yet firm Nos.
B．Alcohol can influence people's health and how they act.
C．You can also look for a friend's help to complete the list.
D．Usually, therefore, you need expert medical help for treatment.
E. The very best choice might be to drink less and then stop drinking gradually.
F. Their membership consists of previous alcohol addicts who have successfully given up their addiction.
G. For example, people may drink to deal with problems like boredom, stress and money troubles.
六、完形填空
Education is very close in my heart. My father grew up in a very small village in China. In those days, not many villagers could read. So, my father opened a night school to teach them how to read. With his help, many people learned to 41 their own names; with his help, many people learned to read newspapers for the first time; with his help, many women were able to 42 their children how to read. As his daughter, I know what 43 means to the people, especially those without it.
After generations of hard work, China has made achievements in education. I myself 44 that progress. Otherwise, I would never become a famous singer and a professor of music. I am following my father’s 45 to help continue China’s success story. I am truly 46 to work with the UN and do something about Global Education. I have visited many schools around the world. I’ve seen first-hand how much we can do for education.
Education is about women and girls. It is important for girls to go to school because they will become their children’s first teacher someday. But women still account for over half of the world’s poor population and 60% of adults who can’t read. Education is of extreme importance in 47 such inequalities. Education is about equality. In poor countries and regions the number of school dropouts is 48 . We call for more educational 49 to these places. Education is about the young people. Young people are the future. Education is important because it not only gives young people 50 and skills but also helps them become 51 citizens.
As the UNESCO special envoy (特使) and a mother myself, my 52 to education for all will never change. Many years ago my father made a small difference in his village. 53 , we can make a big difference in the world.
I was once asked about my Chinese 54 . I said I hope all children especially girls can have access to good education. I 55 one day education will no longer be a dream but a reality enjoyed by every young woman on this planet.
41．A．remember B．pronounce C．write D．confirm
42．A．teach B．inform C．convince D．require
43．A．education B．contribution C．devotion D．civilization
44．A．contribute to B．approve of C．benefit from D．pass down
45．A．routine B．fashion C．suggestions D．footsteps
46．A．determined B．confident C．honored D．allergic
47．A．accepting B．tolerating C．handling D．evaluating
48．A．arbitrary B．ambiguous C．accurate D．astonishing
49．A．resources B．experiences C．qualifications D．materials
50．A．permission B．strength C．wealth D．knowledge
51．A．independent B．responsible C．intelligent D．capable
52．A．response B．commitment C．reaction D．attendance
53．A．Together B．Meanwhile C．Therefore D．Moreover
54．A．expectation B．vision C．dream D．imagination
55．A．promise B．believe C．convey D．sense
七、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Artificial Intelligence (AI) could help promote the development of material science and accelerate the invention of new materials, according to Chinese experts. “Many core technologies that need breakthroughs in China are related 56． the material science, and AI could help in these areas.” Zhao Zhongxian, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 57． won China’s top science award, said at a science forum 58． (open) in Dongguan, Guangdong Province. 59． (tradition) methods for material composition analysis are time-consuming and expensive. 60． takes an average of 10 years to develop materials and 20 years for production. With AI, the development and application cycle of new materials is expected 61． (short) by more than half.
Wang Weihua from the Institute of physics under CAS said AI is changing the way new materials are discovered. Through machine learning of material data, AI could outperform many material scientists 62． make a more efficient prediction of new materials. The fast development of AI also needs support from the material science. With emerging intelligent robots, wearable medical devices and IOT systems(物联网系统), future smart sensors 63． (require) good sensitivity, flexibility and stability.
AI and material science are 64． (close) related, and material research could offer a solution for AI–related sensitive components, Zhao said. As for 65． the future with AI technology will be like, let us wait and see.
八、邀请信
66．假定你是高中学生李华，代表自己班级，邀请Dr. Frost 给班级同学做一场关于“如何保持身心健康”的在线讲座。请你写一封信，发出邀请。
要点：1. 时间，地点；
2. 主题，可简述原因；
3. 期望与感谢。
注意：1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Frost,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,
Li Hua
九、读后续写
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Devi looked through the observation window at the kids below, all waiting in line to get into the pool. She turned to her mother with a furious frown on her face. “Mom, they’re all little kids! I’m 15 already! This is ridiculous!”
“I know, Devi,” replied her mother, “but you’re a beginner, too, and you have to start somewhere!”
Devi had never been to a swimming lesson in her life. Between schoolwork and helping on her grandfather’s farm, she hadn’t had time for lessons. The closest swimming pool Devi had been to was the alligator pool her mother bought her when she was five. Now that Devi was older, her mother had found a new jo b in the city, and Devi faced a new challenge—school field trips to the local pool.
The first day that Devi went with her class to the pool, she had no idea what she was in for. What could be so difficult about swimming? Devi confidently slipped into the water and held onto the side of the pool, expecting to be able to touch the bottom with her feet. But when Devi let go of the side of the pool, she slipped under the water—the whole pool was one big deep end! Devi threw her arm toward the side of the pool and grabbed the ledge (池壁), out of breath. “I really can’t swim! Everyone’s going to laugh at me!” she thought to herself in a panic.
On the next field trip to the pool, Devi sat on the side on a bench, paralyzed with fear. She huddled with a towel over her shoulders, too embarrassed to try again. When she came home, her mother noticed right away that Devi was upset. “Honey, I’ve signed you up for Angela’s swimming lessons at the local pool. Soon you’ll learn how to swim just like everyone else,” she assured Devi, showing photos of Angela with her prize-winning students.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；
2. 每段的开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph 1
Then came the time for Devi to take her first lesson.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
Soon Angela came over to where Devi sat and introduced herself.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．B
【原文】
M: I don’t think it’s fair that Megan gets paid more for her chores than I do.
W: Well, she cleans all the bathrooms and washes the cars once every week. You only set the table once a day and sweep the floor a few times a month. Plus, she’s older.
2．C
【原文】
W: That famous science fiction writer Isaac Simon’s new book is coming out in July.
M: We probably won’t be able to find a library copy until September.
3．A
【原文】
W: John, you do things like this all the time! Can’t you knock on the door before you enter my office next time?
M: Sorry. I’m just in a hurry.
4．A
【原文】
W: How was your weekend? Did you end up going for that hike?
M: No, there was too much snow on the mountain, so we decided to go to a movie instead. Then we came home, built a fire, and drank hot chocolate.
5．B
【原文】
W: I’m so excited we get to spend two weeks in London and then another couple of weeks in Rome and Paris.
M: You’ve got it the wrong way around. We’re spending a week in Paris, two weeks in Rome, and another week in London.
6．A
7．C
【原文】
W: We should clean up the apartment. It’s been three weeks since we tidied up, and the day after tomorrow we’ll be going away on holiday for two weeks.
M: Yeah, I meant to clean the bathroom one week ago, but I was too busy at work. I can do it tomorrow. I have to go to the office again today to finish some work.
W: No problem. I’ll clean the kitchen and the living room today. But you should clean the bedroom as well.
M: OK.
8．A
9．B
【原文】
W: Does your wife work?
M: Yes, she does. She works at home.
W: Oh, I understand. She cooks, cleans, and takes care of the children. She does all the housework, right?
M: No, she doesn’t. Most of the time, I do those things.
W: You sound like a model husband.
M: I try to be. My wife is a writer. She writes on her computer. She has published ten novels already. Her next book will come out later this month. The name of the book is The Death of a Housewife.
W: Wow! I’ve got to read her new book as soon as it comes out.
10．A
11．C
12．C
【原文】
W: Darling. You know Jane and Robert next door have just had a baby girl, don’t you?
M: Yes?
W: Well, I really think we ought to get them some present.
M: Have you got anything particular in mind?
W: Why don’t we get the baby a nice, little dress?
M: A dress? What about a toy?
W: New-born babies don’t play with toys, darling. They just sleep, eat and cry. Or maybe we could get Jane and Robert something useful for the baby.
M: Yes. Useful and boring! I still think a toy would be better. Something the baby can listen to or look at...
W: Oh, yes. You mean a music box. That’s a good idea. Why don’t we go and see if we can find one in the afternoon?
M: I’m afraid I can’t come with you this afternoon. I’ve arranged to drive Dave to the airport.
W: Could we go on Saturday afternoon?
M: All right.
13．C
14．B
15．A
16．B
【原文】
W: Ooops, I’m glad that the lecture’s over. Alan, can I borrow your notes? I missed many points. M: Sorry, but I didn’t take notes.
W: Are you kidding? This lecture is important!
M: Actually, I don’t know how. It’s already hard for me to follow the instructor’s fast speed, let alone take notes.
W: Did you read the materials that he handed out last time?
M: No.
W: You’d better read it or spend 5 to 10 minutes skimming it before the lecture. It will help you get the main idea.
M: I see. But there is still so much information in a lecture.
W: Of course you have to select the most important points. Don’t write down every word the instructor says. Pay attention to how he organizes the materials, and you may want to add your own headings.
M: Well, where is my pen? Ah, here it is.
W: Shorthand(速记法) will help or you can develop an abbreviation system of your own.
M: And?
W: Oh, yes. Sometimes there will be gaps in your notes, you can exchange notes with a classmate to fill them in right after the class while your memory is fresh. I was trying to do that just now.
M: Eh.
W: Hey! What are you doing? You are not looking at me!
M: Me? Ha! I’m taking notes, of course.
W: Well… OK, and one last thing you have to do is fix your eyes upon the lecturer now and then.
17．C
18．A
19．C
20．B
【原文】
W: People over the age of 65 in the USA are called senior citizens. Life for these people is different from that for younger Americans. Most senior citizens retire, or no longer work full- time. Also it is unusual for people of this age to live with their children and grandchildren. Grandparents tend to live in their own houses or apartments away from their families.
For many senior citizens, the years after 65 are not enjoyable. They feel unproductive when they no longer work. Their lives lose meaning. In addition, they may feel lonely being concerned with their health as they grow older. If they live in big cities, they often worry about their safety.
Other senior citizens enjoy their lives. They feel free to do things they were not able to do when they were working and raising families. The number of senior citizens in the US is increasing rapidly because people are living longer than before. Because of their large numbers and more active lifestyles, senior citizens are gaining social influence in the country both politically and economically. Their concerns are receiving a wider audience than ever before. The time may come when all Americans will look forward to becoming senior citizens.
21．B
22．D
23．B
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在中国的不同地区与小寒节气有关的习俗。
21．
细节理解题。根据文章第一段中““Sanjiu period”, which is in Minor Cold (小寒), refers to the third nine-day period (the 19th to the 27th day) after the day of the Winter Solstice (冬至).（“三九”是在小寒期间，指的是冬至后第三个九天即第19天到第27天）”。可知，“三九”是在小寒期间。故选B项。
22．
细节理解题。根据Eating glutinous rice(糯米饭)部分中“ Cantonese add some fried preserved(腌制的)pork，sausages and peanuts and mix them into the rice. ”可知，广东人在小寒的早上吃糯米饭，把腌制的猪肉、香肠和花生拌入糯米饭中食用。所以广东人把糯米饭和许多其他东西混合在一起吃。故选D项。
23．
推理判断题。根据文章内容，特别是第一段中的“There are many different customs related to Minor Cold in China.( 中国有许多与小寒有关的风俗。)”可知，本文介绍了在中国与小寒节气有关的习俗，属于文化范畴，最有可能出自报纸的文化栏目，故选B项。
24．D
25．D
26．C
27．A
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了27岁的牛津大学毕业生Freshta Karim在家乡创办了非营利组织Charmaghz，来为孩子们提供更多的阅读机会。阿富汗是世界上识字率最低的国家之一，喀布尔的大多数公立学校没有图书馆，对Karim来说，Charmaghz用巴士给孩子们送书是一种经济有效的方式。
24．
细节理解题。根据第一段中These travelling libraries stop off at schools in different parts of the city, delivering a wealth of reading material directly to youngsters who have limited access to books.可知这些流动图书馆会在城市的不同地区的学校停留，直接为那些接触书籍不多的年轻人提供丰富的阅读材料。由此可知，Freshta Karim建立了这个组织，是为了给孩子们提供更多的阅读机会。故选D。
25．
推理判断题。根据第二段“A lot of schools in our city don’t have access to something as basic as a library,” says Freshta Karim, a 27-year-old Oxford University graduate who was inspired to start Charmaghz, a non-profit organization, in her home city having grown up without many books herself. “We were trying to understand what we could do to promote critical thinking in our country.”可知“我们城市的很多学校都没有像图书馆这样的基础设施，”27岁的牛津大学毕业生Freshta Karim说，她在成长过程中没有很多书，受启发在家乡创办了非营利组织Charmaghz。“我们试图弄清楚我们能做些什么来促进我们国家的批判性思维。”由此可推知，Charmarghz特别之处在于，它的目的是激发批判性思维。故选D。
26．
推理判断题。根据最后一段The organization is funded by donations from local business and communities, and also rents a third bus that acts as a mobile cinema. Over 600 children visit the buses each day to read, socialise and play games. “They are often very excited,” she says. “Our biggest challenge is that so many children want to come inside the bus, but we can’t have all of them in one day.”可知该组织的资金来自当地企业和社区的捐赠，并租用了第三辆巴士作为移动电影院。每天有600多名儿童来巴士上阅读、社交和玩游戏。“他们通常非常兴奋，”她说。“我们最大的挑战是，这么多孩子想要进来，但我们不可能在一天之内让所有的孩子都进来。”由此可推知，Charmarghz最迫切的问题是缺少流动图书馆。故选C。
27．
推理判断题。根据第二段“A lot of schools in our city don’t have access to something as basic as a library,” says Freshta Karim, a 27-year-old Oxford University graduate who was inspired to start Charmaghz, a non-profit organization, in her home city having grown up without many books herself. “We were trying to understand what we could do to promote critical thinking in our country.”可知“我们城市的很多学校都没有像图书馆这样的基础设施，”27岁的牛津大学毕业生Freshta Karim说，她在成长过程中没有很多书，受启发在家乡创办了非营利组织Charmaghz。可知Karim创办了非盈利组织来帮助那些没有书看的孩子们，说明Karim是个乐于助人的人；结合倒数第二段Charmarghz rents them from a state-owned bus company. “We go to nearby schools,” she says. “We try to stop inside communities rather than on the main streets where explosions often happen.”可知Charmarghz从一家国有公交公司租借。“我们去附近的学校，”她说。“我们尽量在社区内停车，而不是在经常发生爆炸的主要街道上。”可推知，Karim敢于在动荡不安的阿富汗创办让更多儿童读书的项目，说明Karim是个勇敢的人；由此可推知，Freshta Karim是一个乐于助人且勇敢的人。故选A。
28．A
29．C
30．B
31．D
【分析】
本文是说明文。文章讲述了在当代社会，人们的指纹信息很容易泄露，应多加注意。
28．
细节理解题。通过文章第三段“Unlike a password you can’t change your fingers.（与密码不同，您不能更改手指指纹。）”可知密码和指纹的区别在于密码可以更改，而指纹不能。故选A项。
29．
推理判断题。通过文章第四段“Biometric security is reaching the mainstream with more than 50 percent of mobile phones set to include fingerprint recognition for the first time in 2017. The technology is also used in immigration control and for access to high-security controlled areas.（生物统计安全正在成为主流，超过50%的手机将在2017年首次实现指纹识别。这项技术还用于移民管制和进入高度安全管制地区。）”可知该项技术将用于指纹识别，移民管制以及高度安全控制区，没有提及用于车辆识别。故选C项。
30．
词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“to commit crimes, such as stealing fingerprint passwords and signing agreements.”可知犯罪分子通过伪造的指纹进行犯罪，比如盗取指纹密码和签署协议。所以“counterfeit”的词义是伪造的。故选B项。
31．
推理判断题。通过文章第六段“However, compared to video, it is more difficult to obtain fingerprints through just one photo.（然而，与视频相比，仅仅通过一张照片就很难获得指纹。）”可以推知，通过视频传递指纹信息更容易。故选D项。
32．D
33．B
34．B
35．C
【分析】
本文为说明文。本文主要介绍了甘肃粮食生产受气候影响大，产量不稳定。那里的农业生产严重依赖河流、绿洲和地下水灌溉。为了帮助当地居民富裕起来，在甘肃进行戈壁农业项目试点。
32．细节推断题。 根据第二段中的Grain production in Gansu is greatly affected by the climate and the output is unstable. Agricultural production there relies heavily on rivers, oases and groundwater irrigation.可知，甘肃粮食生产受气候影响大，产量不稳定。那里的农业生产严重依赖河流、绿洲和地下水灌溉。由此可知，影响甘肃农业的是水源。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Farming Program of Gansu province that is building rows of greenhouses in the desert to help transform local farming and alleviate poverty.可知，甘肃省的农业项目正在沙漠中建造一排温室，以帮助改变当地的农业和减轻贫困，并结合全文可推断出，这个项目的目标是让当地居民富裕起来。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句Starting from managing four greenhouses in 2009, Fang now is also a partner of a greenhouse farming cooperative running 120 greenhouses.可知，从2009年管理4个温室开始，方现在也是一个管理120个温室的温室农业合作社的合伙人。由此推断出，方开始时只管理四个温室。故选B。
35．主旨大意题。本文的主旨在第一段Mr. Fang is now the owner of 36 greenhouses producing organic vegetables in the Gobi desert in Northwest China’s Gansu province. He is one of the beneficiaries of the Gobi Farming Program of Gansu province that is building rows of greenhouses in the desert to help transform local farming and alleviate poverty.可知，方先生现在是中国西北甘肃省戈壁沙漠36个生产有机蔬菜的温室的主人。他是甘肃省戈壁农业项目的受益者之一，该项目正在沙漠中建造一排温室，以帮助当地农业转型和减轻贫困。结合全文可知，文章主要介绍甘肃省在戈壁沙漠中实行的甘肃省戈壁农业项目及该工程的意义。由此可推断出，最佳题目是C项 The Gobi Farming Program of Gansu(甘肃戈壁农业项目)符合题意。故选C项。
【点睛】
选择标题在英语阅读理解中属于主旨大意题，是一种深层理解题。要求考生在通读全文的基础上，认真分析文章大意及作者的写作意图。通常情况下，标题要有根据性，针对性和醒目性的特点。所谓概括性，就是指标题应最大程度上覆盖全文，囊括文章的主要内容，体现文章的主题。针对性就是对标题外延的一种界定，标题要直接指向文章的主要特点。而醒目性是为了吸引了读者的注意，唤起读者对文章阅读的兴趣。
确定最佳标题的方法。在阅读文章时，要注意文章中反复出现的或强调的信息，寻找与文章大多数内容相关的信息。找出覆盖全文的核心词汇，看选项内容是否切中文章的中心论题。也就是要看选项内容与作者的写作目的是否一致。如第3小题，文章反复出现的单词是the Gobi Farming Program of Gansu，这与选项C中的the Gobi Farming Program of Gansu相照应。
寻找文章的主题句。文章主要论题的关键是找到文章的主题句。主题句通常在文章的首段，也可能在文章的末段，在文章的某一段落，或分散在文章的各个段落中。如果每个段落都有主题句，那么把各段落的主题句的中心集中起来，即为全文的主题句。本文的主旨在第一段Mr. Fang is now the owner of 36 greenhouses producing organic vegetables in the Gobi desert in Northwest China’s Gansu province. He is one of the beneficiaries of the Gobi Farming Program of Gansu province that is building rows of greenhouses in the desert to help transform local farming and alleviate poverty.可知，方先生现在是中国西北甘肃省戈壁沙漠36个生产有机蔬菜的温室的主人。他是甘肃省戈壁农业项目的受益者之一，该项目正在沙漠中建造一排温室，以帮助当地农业转型和减轻贫困。结合全文可知，文章主要介绍甘肃省在戈壁沙漠中实行的甘肃省戈壁农业项目及该工程的意义。由此可推断出，最佳题目是C项 The Gobi Farming Program of Gansu(甘肃戈壁农业项目)符合题意。故选C项。
36．C
37．E
38．D
39．F
40．A
【分析】
本文为说明文。酗酒是有害的，它会毁了你的生活、事业和家庭。本文给出了一些帮助人们戒酒的建议。
36．
根据上文“Make a list of reasons for stopping drinking alcohol(列出戒酒的理由).”提到“make a list(列一个清单)”和下文“It would be better to display it in several places…to increase chances(最好把它多在几个地方展示，以增加机会).”可知，要列出一个戒酒理由的清单，为了增加戒酒的几率，你可以让朋友帮你或者将清单张贴多处，以便随时监督和提醒。因此C. You can also look for a friend's help to complete the list(你也可以在朋友的帮助下完成这个清单)符合语境，故选C。
37．
根据上文“If you're a heavy drinker for a long time, it may not be possible for you to put a full stop to drinking within one day.( 如果你是一个长期酗酒的人，你也许不可能在一天内完全停止饮酒。)”可知长期酗酒者也许“不可能在一天内完全停止饮酒，因此循序渐进是一个好方法，选项E. The very best choice might be to drink less and then stop drinking gradually(最好的选择可能是少喝酒，然后逐渐停止喝酒)符合语境，故选E。
38．
根据本段第一句“Alcohol addiction is a disease, and may have caused a few chemical changes in your body system(酒精上瘾是一种疾病，可能会在你的身体系统中引起一些化学变化).”可知，酒精上瘾是一种疾病，有必要时要医疗介入，故选项D. Usually, therefore, you need expert medical help for treatment(因此，通常情况下，你需要专家的医疗帮助来进行治疗)符合语境，故选D。
39．
根据本段副标题Join Support Groups可知，你可以加入互助团体，再根据下一句“They provide practical tips and suggestions based on their own experience(他们根据自己的经验提供实用的提示和建议).”可知，这里的“他们”是指加入互助协会的会员们，他们会根据自己的成功戒酒经验提出建议，这与选项F. Their membership consists of previous alcohol addicts who have successfully given up their addiction(他们的会员都是以前的酒瘾者，他们已经成功戒掉了酒瘾)相契合，故选F。
40．
根据本段落副标题Learn to Say a Firm No可知，要对于朋友们的邀请坚决说“不”，选项A. Turn down their invitations with polite yet firm Nos(礼貌而坚定地拒绝他们的邀请)符合语境，故选A。
41．C
42．A
43．A
44．C
45．D
46．C
47．C
48．D
49．A
50．D
51．B
52．B
53．A
54．C
55．B
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的父亲在一个小村子里教人们读书，受到父亲的影响，作者长大后也决定为教育做些什么。作为联合国教科文组织的特使，作者去了世界各地的许多学校，呼吁人们为贫困国家和地区提供更多的教育资源并重视教育不平等的问题。
41．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他的帮助下，许多人学会了写自己的名字。A. remember记住；B. pronounce发音；C. write书写；D. confirm证实。根据句中“to teach them how to read”可知，父亲在教他们读书，之所以不能阅读，是因为不认字，由此可推断出，在父亲的帮助下，他们会写字了，所以应该是学会了“写”自己的名字。故选C。
42．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他的帮助下，许多妇女能够教她们的孩子如何阅读。A. teach教；B. inform通知；C. convince使确信；D. require要求。根据上文可知，许多大人学会了读书和写字，由此可推断出，许多学会读书的妇女能够“教”她们的孩子如何阅读。故选A。
43．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为他的女儿，我知道教育对人们，特别是那些没有接受教育的人意味着什么。A. education教育；B. contribution贡献；C. devotion奉献；D. civilization文明。根据文章第一段第一句“Education is very close in my heart.”可知，本文主要讨论的是教育的问题，包括文章谈到的父亲对人们的帮助，也是关于教育的。由此可推断出，句中指的是我知道“教育”对人们意味着什么。故选A。
44．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我自己也从中受益。A. contribute to为……做出贡献；B. approve of赞成，赞同；C. benefit from从……获益；D. pass down把……一代传一代，使流传。根据后文“Otherwise, I would never become a famous singer and a professor of music.”可知，要是没有接受教育，作者永远不会成为一个著名的歌唱家和音乐教授。由此可推断，作者也从中国教育的进步中受益了。故选C。
45．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我将追随我父亲的脚步，去帮助延续中国的成功故事。A. routine常规；B. fashion时尚；C. suggestions建议；D. footsteps脚步，足迹。根据后文“work with the UN and do something about Global Education”可知，作者与联合国合作，为全球教育做些事情，由此可推断出，作者像父亲一样，为教育努力，所以应该是追随父亲的脚步。故选D。
46．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很荣幸能与联合国合作，为全球教育做点什么。A. determined坚决的；B. confident自信的；C. honored荣幸的；D. allergic过敏的。根据上文可知，作者也想和父亲一样为教育事业做出努力。由此可推断出，能和联合国合作并为全球教育做点什么是让作者感到荣幸的。故选C
47．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：教育在处理这种不平等方面极为重要。A. accepting接受；B. tolerating容忍；C. handling处理；D. evaluating评估。根据后文“Education is about equality.”可知，教育是平等的，由此可推断出，教育是“处理”上文提到的不平等问题的。故选C。
48．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在贫困国家和地区，辍学人数惊人。A. arbitrary武断的，任意的；B. ambiguous模棱两可的；C. accurate精确的；D. astonishing惊人的。根据后文“We call for more educational _____ to these places.”可知，贫困国家和地区需要更多的教育资源，由此可推断出这些地方的教育资源不足，导致很多人辍学，也就是说，辍学人数是惊人的。故选D。
49．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们呼吁向这些地方提供更多的教育资源。A. resources资源；B. experiences经历；C. qualifications资格；D. materials材料。句中的“these places”指上文提到的“poor countries and regions”可推断出，贫困国家和地区应该是缺少教育资源，所以呼吁向这些地方提供更多的教育“资源”。故选A。
50．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：教育很重要，因为它不仅给年轻人知识和技能，而且帮助他们成为负责任的公民。A. permission许可；B. strength力量；C. wealth财产；D. knowledge知识。根据句中的“and skills”和常识可知，通过教育，人们学到的是“知识”和技能。故选D。
51．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：教育很重要，因为它不仅给年轻人知识和技能，而且帮助他们成为负责任的公民。A. independent独立的；B. responsible负责的；C. intelligent聪明的，有才智的；D. capable有能力的。根据句中的“citizens”和上文提到的“Young people are the future.”可知，年轻人是国家的未来，因此可推断出教育是使年轻人成为对国家“负责任的”公民，能够为国家未来的发展而努力。故选B。
52．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为联合国教科文组织的特使和一位母亲，我对全民教育的承诺永远不会改变。A. response答复；B. commitment承诺；C. reaction反应；D. attendance出席。上文提到作者将追随父亲的脚步，继续为教育做贡献。由此可推断出，作者是对全民教育做出了“承诺”。故选B。
53．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们一起努力，就能对世界产生很大的影响。A. Together一起；B. Meanwhile同时；C. Therefore因此；D. Moreover此外。根据上文“my father made a small difference in his village”可知，父亲的努力给村子里带来了小的影响，再结合空格所在句的“we can make a big difference in the world”可知，这里的we代指所有为教育事业努力的人。由此可推断出，是我们“一起”努力，就能对世界产生很大的影响。故选A。
54．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我曾经被问到过关于我的中国梦。A. expectation期待；B. vision视力，视野；C. dream梦，梦想；D. imagination想象力。根据后文“I hope all children especially girls can have access to good education”可知，作者希望所有的孩子，特别是女孩都能接受良好的教育。由此可推断出，这应该是作者的梦想，“Chinese dream”意为“中国梦”。故选C。
55．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我相信有一天，教育为先将不再是一个梦想，而是这个星球上每个年轻女性都会享受的现实。A. promise承诺；B. believe相信；C. convey表达，传达；D. sense意识到，感觉到。根据上文可知，希望所有的孩子都能接受良好的教育是作者的梦想。由此可推断出，这里指作者“相信”这个梦想会成为现实。故选B。
56．to/with
57．who
58．opened
59．Traditional
60．It
61．to be shortened
62．and
63．will require
64．closely
65．what
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。人工智能将有助于促进材料科学的发展，加速新材料的发明。中国专家对人工智能的作用进行了介绍和说明。
56．
考查介词。句意：中国许多需要突破的核心技术都与材料科学有关。be related to/with是固定搭配，意为“和……有关”。故填to/with。
57．
考查定语从句。句意：赵忠贤，一位中国科学院院士，他荣获中国最高科学奖，在一次科学论坛上说……。 2 won China’s top science award是非限制性定语从句，修饰Zhao Zhongxian，引导词在从句中作主语，指人，应该用关系代词who引导该从句。故填who。
58．
考查非谓语动词。句意：赵忠贤在广东省东莞市举行的一个公开的科学论坛上说……。 3 (open) in Dongguan, Guangdong Province是定语，修饰a science forum，a science forum和open之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语，故填opened。
59．
考查形容词。句意：传统的材料成分分析方法既费时又昂贵。该空修饰名词methods，应用形容词。且位于句首，首字母应大写，故填Traditional。
60．
考查代词。句意：开发材料平均需要10年，生产需要20年。It takes +时间+to do sth.做某事需花费多少时间，固定句型，to develop materials and 20 years for production是主语，空处是形式主语。形式主语应用it。且空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填It。
61．
考查非谓语动词。句意：有了人工智能，新材料的开发和应用周期预计将缩短一半以上。根据sb./sth. be expected to do结构，该句应用动词不定式。short的动词形式为shorten（缩短）。且主语the development and application cycle of new materials和shorten之间是被动关系，故应用动词不定式的被动形式。故填to be shortened。
62．
考查连词。句意：通过对材料数据的机器学习，人工智能可以超越许多材料科学家，对新材料进行更有效的预测。outperform many material scientists和make a more efficient prediction of new materials并列，且从意思上来说是顺承关系，故填and。
63．
考查时态。句意：未来的智能传感器将需要良好的灵敏度、灵活性和稳定性。空处作谓语，且根据future可知，该句叙述的是未来的情况。因此，应用一般将来时态。故填will require。
64．
考查副词。句意：人工智能与材料科学密切相关。该空修饰形容词related，应用副词。且表示“密切地”，故填closely。
65．
考查宾语从句。句意：至于人工智能技术的未来会是什么样子，让我们拭目以待。介词for后需用连接词引导宾语从句，从句介词like后缺少宾语，表示具体的内容，所以空处需用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。
66．Dear Forest,
I’m writing, on behalf of my class, to earnestly invite you to deliver an online lecture concerning students’ health issues between 4 p. m. and 5 p. m. next Friday.
We would be more than grateful if you could lecture on relevant approaches to improving our physical and psychological health, especially as many of us are exhausted and depressed due to continuous efforts in study as well as suffering from inadequate sleep and exercise, eating disorder, and feeling stressed out before exams.
It’ll be our great privilege to benefit from your expertise in health care. Looking forward to your positive reply.
Yours
Li Hua
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邀请信，邀请Dr. Frost 给班级同学做一场关于“如何保持身心健康”的在线讲座。
【详解】
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1.时间，地点；
2.主题，可简述原因；
3. 期望与感谢。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
on behalf of；deliver an online lecture；physical and psychological health；due to；as well as ；suffer from；stressed out ； benefit from；look forward to
第三步：连词成句
1.I’m writing, on behalf of my class, to earnestly invite you to deliver an online lecture concerning students’ health issues between 4 p. m. and 5 p. m. next Friday.
2.We would be more than grateful if you could lecture on relevant approaches to improving our physical and psychological health, especially as many of us are exhausted and depressed due to continuous efforts in study as well as suffering from inadequate sleep and exercise, eating disorder, and feeling stressed out before exams.
3.It’ll be our great privilege to benefit from your expertise in health care.
4.Looking forward to your positive reply.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last（供参考）
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including（供参考）
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…（供参考）
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result （供参考）
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
【点睛】
[高分句型1] I’m writing, on behalf of my class, to earnestly invite you to deliver an online lecture concerning students’ health issues between 4 p. m. and 5 p. m. next Friday.(动词不定式作目的状语)
[高分句型2] It’ll be our great privilege to benefit from your expertise in health care. (it作形式主语，真正的主语的动词不定式)
67．Paragraph 1
Then came the time for Devi to take her first lesson. She dragged her feet to the side of the pool and sat down, in doubt whether lessons would be helpful. Scanning around, Devi spotted her instructor across the pool, together with the little kids who jumped into the water like fish leaping into the ocean. She watched in amazement. Envious as Devi was, a flush of embarrassment soon crept to her cheeks when a little girl passed by, asking her not to be scared. How embarrassing! She hung her head.
Paragraph 2
Soon Angela came over to where Devi sat and introduced herself. Devi was astonished to be made aware that Angela had never learned swimming until she was 20. Greatly inspired, Devi now regained hope. She entered the pool a second time in the company of Angela, several cheerful kids floating near to cheer her on. Devi began to feel more at ease, her movement less stiff and her breath more even. With a grateful heart, Devi realized that she might not be a fearless swimmer, but she would sure have fun trying.
【分析】
本文讲述了黛维因为学业和在农场帮助祖父而一直没有时间去游泳，妈妈给黛维在当地找了游泳池学习游泳，黛维初次学习的时候感觉很自信，但是真正进入到水里的时候发现游泳比想象中难，不小心呛水的黛维觉得自己很尴尬，恐惧去学游泳，这时黛维的母亲给她报了一个游泳班。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“接着，轮到黛维上她的第一节课了。”可知，第一段描写黛维去上游泳课的情况。
②由第二段首句内容“不久，安吉拉来到黛维坐的地方，做了自我介绍”可知，第二段可描写安吉拉老师和黛维的相处。
2.续写线索：怀疑课程——看别人跳水——感到尴尬——和老师交流——尝试游泳——喜欢上游泳
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.和：together with /as well as
②.路过：pass by/go past
③.鼓励：cheer on/encourage
情绪类
①.感知：feel more at ease/feel relaxed；astonished/surprised/shocked；in amazement/in surprise
②.积极：fearless /brave
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. She dragged her feet to the side of the pool and sat down, in doubt whether lessons would be helpful.（由连接词whether引导同位语从句）
[高分句型2]. Devi spotted her instructor across the pool, together with the little kids who jumped into the water like fish leaping into the ocean.（由关系代词who引导限制性定语从句）
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