黑龙江省大庆实验中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题

这是一份黑龙江省大庆实验中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题，共29页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，单项选择，用单词的适当形式完成句子，短文改错，其他应用文等内容，欢迎下载使用。

黑龙江省大庆实验中学2021-2022学年高二上学期
期末考试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
The Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame ( the Hall of Fame for short ) is a fantastic destination for everyone from lifelong basketball fans to families with children who are just beginning to explore the world's most popular sport. Each year, several thousand visitors crowd into this birthplace of basket-ball.
Dates and Hours of Operation
The Hall of Fame is open Wednesday through Sunday from late November through March 31 and daily the rest of the year. Hours are from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. (Friday through Sunday: 10 a.m. to 5 p.m.). Because it may close for private functions, it is wise to confirm hours of operation ahead of your visit. Just call 1-877-466-6752.
Ticket Information
Admission to the Hall of Fame (as of 2019) is $24 for people aged over 16, $16 for youths aged from 5 to 16 and free for children under age 5. Since the number of visitors is limited each day, you are advised to make a reservation in advance. For more information, please call 1-877-466-6831.
Travelling from All Directions
The Hall of Fame is conveniently located (位于) within driving distance from Boston (in the east), Albany (in the west), Vermont (in the north) and New York (in the south) and is right off of MA Route 91. For those who prefer to travel by air, the museum is not far from Logan International Airport and Bradley International Airport. For more information about the transportation, call 1-877-446-6755.
A Friendly Reminder
1 No food and beverage inside of the hall.
2 Backpacks and any large bags are not permitted inside of the hall unless needed for medical reasons.
3 If you wish to participate in shooting on Center Court, please wear appropriate footwear. Also, contests of any kind and half court shots are not allowed for everyone's safety.
4 For anything you don't know for sure, call 413-781-6500.
1．When can visitors visit the Hall of Fame?
A．At 11:00 a.m., Monday, Nov. 30th.
B．At 3:00 p.m., Friday, Mar. 12th.
C．At 4:30 p.m., Tuesday, Apr.1st.
D．At 5:30 p.m., Sunday, Dec. 20th.
2．What is the purpose of the fourth paragraph of the text?
A．To tell about the location of the Hall of Fame.
B．To introduce several cities near the Hall of Fame.
C．To stress the easy accessibility to the Hall of Fame.
D．To encourage people to reach the Hall of Fame by car.
3．What are visitors advised to do in the Hall of Fame?
A．Join in shooting contests on Center Court.
B．Take some snacks in case they are hungry
C．Take care of their backpacks during the visit
D．Wear suitable shoes if they want to try shooting.

The end of the year is drawing near, and winter is in full swing. The season brings along with it strong winds and snow — an environment that’s never comfortable to be in.
This unpleasant and even frightening aspect of winter can often be seen in literature. In Shakespeare’s King Lear (1606), the king has given away his kingdom and been rejected by his two ungrateful daughters. He is out in the winter cold, suffering things that are usually reserved for the poorest and most unfortunate human beings.
The winter is bad enough for Lear, but being abandoned by his family is worse. A song from another Shakespeare play, As You Like It (1599), is fitting for this poor old man’s situation: “Blow, blow, thou winter wind,/Thou art not so unkind /As man’s ingratitude (忘恩负义)”. Here, winter is used to bring out the ugliness of inhumanity (不人道). There aren’t many things that are worse than winter, according to Shakespeare.
Once winter became less of a threat to human beings, literary works featuring it became more positive. Since Charles Dickens, the representation of the season in literature has often featured happy Christmas celebrations.
The cold of the winter weather provides a contrast to the fun going on indoors. Dickens’ A Christmas Carol (1843) was the start of this, but Christmas is still a common, cheery element in stories that feature winter scenes today. Consider the joy felt by Harry Potter and his friends in J. K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone (1997) as they sit down for their festive meal:
“Harry had never in all his life had such a Christmas dinner. A hundred fat, roast turkeys; mountains of roast and boiled potatoes; platters of chipolatas (小香肠) and so on.
It is almost as much a pleasure to read about the meal as it might have been to eat it.
Although winter still isn’t the most cheerful season in novels and poems, it’s safe to say that writers have certainly “warmed up” since Shakespeare’s days.
4．What is winter like in Shakespeare’s works?
A．Pleasant. B．Comfortable. C．Stressful. D．Cruel.
5．What contribution did Charles Dickens make to the description of winter?
A．He wrote a lot of stories that were set in winter.
B．He was an author famous for describing winter.
C．He made a turning point in the description of winter.
D．He inspired readers to experience the cheerful winter.
6．What do the winter scenes in J. K.. Rowling’s works bring?
A．Magic. B．Joy. C．Cold. D．Ugliness.
7．In which section of the newspaper does the text probably appear?
A．Science and technology.
B．Fashion and lifestyle.
C．Culture and history.
D．Health and medicine.

No matter how exciting space exploration sounds, there’s a vital point about it that needs to be considered: food supplies. Right now, astronauts typically rely on dry food in airtight bags and cans, since there are strict weight limits on items taken into space. Foods that we take for granted, such as fresh fruits and vegetables, are out of the question for space explorers.
For those who’ve attempted to grow food during space missions, they’ve faced many difficulties, including the absence of gravity, and a lack of soil, air and humidity (湿度). However, as Shane Topham, an engineer with Space Dynamics Laboratory at Utah State University in the US, told NASA, “Growing food to supplement and minimize the food that must be carried to space will be increasingly important on long-duration missions.”
Great efforts have been made to explore the concept of space farming. Recently, a team led by Federico Maggi at the University of Sydney in Australia figured out how plants can absorb nutrients from human urine (尿), as reported by New Scientist on March 27.
After over 20 years of experiments, the results suggested that human urine could supply three to four out of the six nutrients that plants need. The researchers also found out that urine-fertilized plants produce no harmful by-products, such as carbon dioxide or ammonia (氨).
According to New Scientist, human urine is 95 percent water, with the other 5 percent composed of nutrients which are harmful to the human body but not to plants. The advantage of this urine-fueled life support system is obvious: By recycling liquid waste and producing food, an efficient cycle will be created.
And most importantly, said New Scientist, the duration of space missions will be greatly extended to “20 years of flight”, meaning we may be soon sending astronauts on missions to Mars, or even beyond.
8．Space farming is important mainly because ________.
A．food brought from Earth goes bad easily during space flights
B．it will keep astronauts busy when they are on long-term space missions
C．it could provide fresh food and reduce the need to bring food from Earth
D．it’s a way for astronauts to learn more about the environment in space
9．What can we learn from the University of Sydney research?
A．Human urine is harmless to plants.
B．Human urine provides six necessary nutrients for plants.
C．Urine fertilizer is safer and more productive than chemical fertilizer.
D．Urine-fertilized plants only release a small amount of carbon dioxide.
10．What is the biggest advantage of using human urine for space farming, according to New Scientist?
A．It could pave the way for long-term space flights.
B．It does little harm to the environment in space.
C．It will greatly reduce the cost of farming in space.
D．Urine-fertilized plants are healthier and taste better.
11．What’s the text mainly about?
A．The significance of space farming.
B．A possible new way to grow food in space.
C．How to use human urine to produce food in space.
D．Problems facing astronauts on long-term space flights.

For many people, working from home, or ‘WFH’, has also come to mean ‘WFB’-working from bed. Getting dressed and going to an office has been replaced by splashing water on your face and switching on a computer as you settle back under your blanket. People may have a desk or a kitchen table to place their computer on-they just choose not to.
But the reality is that turning your bed into your office can set off a large number of health problems, both psychological and physical. And even if you don't notice them now, adverse effects-possibly permanent-could appear later on in life. Young people are particularly likely to fall victim to these bad habits, because they may not feel the consequences right away, which could include simple headaches, and could also extend to permanent stiffness in your back, and severe pain in the bones.
When you work from bed for a year, it doesn't just potentially ruin your body. It's possibly bad for your productivity and sleep habits, too. Rachel Salas, a sleep expert at Johns Hopkins University in Maryland, explained that “the more you watch TV in bed, play video games in bed and not sleep in bed, your brain starts learning,' oh, OK, we can do any one of these activities in bed'. It starts building connections.”
So, when you spread out on your bed your laptop, phone and all the screens your job requires every day, your brain and body eventually stop associating bed with rest. “You're really training your brain to be alert, and telling it this is where your ideas come and this is where the work is done,” adds Salas. “When you're trying to go to sleep, your brain is like-'wait a minute, what are we doing? This is work time'.” Doing this for a year, or any extended period of time, could lead to circadian rhythm disorder (昼夜节律紊乱）. And disturbed nights, body pain or both mean that you're less likely to be productive, creative or focused, making it likely your work could suffer.
12．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “adverse" in paragraph 2?
A．Beneficial.
B．Harmful.
C．Temporary.
D．Ever-lasting.
13．What do we know about the health problems caused by working from bed?
A．Young people are less likely to suffer from them.
B．They can be permanent and can be easily noticed.
C．Young people might notice them later on in their life.
D．They only appear when you work from bed for a year.
14．What does Rachel Salas say about working from bed?
A．It trains your brain to be more alert and creative.
B．It makes you sleepy and easily distracted from work.
C．It's better than watching TV or playing games in bed.
D．It makes your brain connect bed with work rather than rest.
15．What is this passage mainly about?
A．Beds are not the perfect working sites.
B．Your productivity suffers from working from home.
C．Working from bed could ruin both your health and work.
D．Turning your bed into your office has become a new trend.

二、七选五
Why Is Sorting Important When Recycling?
We all agree that we should recycle more at home, in the office or when out and about. 16．Consequently, they can be collected and taken to the right place for recycling. This is what the process of sorting allows us to do.
17．And the effective sorting needs to happen first, in our own home and second, in sorting plants to which waste is collected. When you put a plastic bottle in the right recycling bag or bin, you are helping sort recyclables so that the right material can be fed into the right recycling process. If sorting does not happen, a lot of recyclable materials can end up in landfills. It will lead to valuable resources lost from our economy.
18．For instance, in Brussels consumers put plastic packaging, cans and beverage cartons in blue bags designed for recyclable packaging; paper in yellow bags for recycling; and glass needs to be taken to specific collection bins. Somewhat differently, in Vienna (Austria), citizens can expect their paper, metal, glass and plastic to be separately collected in different weeks of the year.19．．
Once recyclable materials are collected from your home, they are further sorted in specialized facilities which ensure the quality of the recycling process. 20．Traditionally, sorting has been done either manually with workers sorting what can be recycled and picking out the materials to be discarded or mechanically. Today, however, new sorting technologies are being developed in order to speed up the process of sorting but to also cause better results. Exciting technologies using magnets or optical systems are being used to effectively sort materials so more of it can be recycled.
A.For effective recycling we need effective sorting.
B.Packaging at work is the first step towards recycling.
C.This is where different sorting techniques come into play.
D.So citizens need to be aware of their local collection system.
E.Collection systems can be very different from country to country.
F.The rest was landfilled or burned even though they could have been recycled or reused.
G.But for materials to be recycled, they first need to find their way to the right waste stream.

三、完形填空
Five years ago, I took a career risk by leaving my job to work on a ship. My medical friends did their best to persuade me, saying that running away to sea would 21 my career. But after these years working as a junior doctor, I was willing to take the risk.
22 for adventure, I boarded a ship in Singapore with 2,000 passengers and crew. I had expected the conditions to be tough hut to my 23 , the hospital was well equipped, with an X-ray machine and a blood analyzer.
That first voyage was a learning experience, a 24 schedule full of safety drills. There was so much new information to 25 . Even remembering which uniform to wear each day was a 26 . Worse still, I often forgot to 27 my clock when the ship crossed time zones.
As a doctor, I was 28 for the 600 crew and I was on call for the entire ship. Far from 29 seasickness and sunburn, I had to 30 other diseases, for my patients were wide and varied. The ship’s medical center was 31 a floating emergency room, and we didn’t have a team of specialists on hand for a second opinion. With long and unpredictable working hours, it required mental 32 .
As you can guess, many of the passengers were elderly. Heart attacks don’t 33 geography and emergency evacuations (疏散) were difficult to 34 . I recall one such patient, who was taken off the ship halfway through the Panama Canal. After a 35 ride in an old ambulance, I was relieved that the patient 36 long enough to arrive at the hospital in Panama City.
37 , there were several unexpected benefits to the job. I regularly 38 the passenger facilities (设施) and I even hosted my own table of passengers in the evenings. On rare days off, I volunteered as a tour guide on trips ashore. I got to fly over Alaska in a seaplane and watched a ballet in St Petersburg.
Now, I understand being a ship doctor is not just a job — it’s a way of 39 . One year at sea became two. I lost my career ambitions, 40 I redefined happiness in my life.
21．A．obey B．build C．ruin D．improve
22．A．Hungry B．Skilful C．Suitable D．Concerned
23．A．shock B．disappointment C．regret D．relief
24．A．daily B．tight C．loose D．flexible
25．A．take in B．figure out C．search for D．pick over
26．A．training B．risk C．challenge D．choice
27．A．watch B．repair C．check D．set
28．A．powerful B．responsible C．hopeful D．helpful
29．A．treating B．suffering C．escaping D．stopping
30．A．deal with B．put aside C．search for D．engage in
31．A．instantly B．particularly C．certainly D．actually
32．A．comfort B．communication C．toughness D．pressure
33．A．care about B．refer to C．miss out D．rely on
34．A．arrange B．monitor C．encounter D．investigate
35．A．relaxing B．boring C．promising D．terrifying
36．A．survived B．struggled C．awoke D．stuck
37．A．Steadily B．Thankfully C．Importantly D．Generally
38．A．cleaned B．fixed C．enjoyed D．protected
39．A．confidence B．life C．experience D．success
40．A．though B．unless C．but D．or

四、单项选择
41．In the laboratory Watson found Sherlock Holmes ______ at a desk with his attention ______ on some experimental equipment.
A．sitting; focusing B．seating; focused C．seated; focusing D．seated; focused
42．— I’ll come to attend your lecture at 10p.m. tomorrow.
— I’m sorry, by then the lecture will have ended and I _____ my guests in my office.
A．will meet B．am about to meet
C．am to meet D．will be meeting
43．The expert gave such a comment that it was the most breathtaking project that ______.
A．has been completed B．had completed
C．was completed D．had been completed
44．One of the important jobs for a teacher is to study the learning material and make it more ______ to his students.
A．convincing B．accessible C．emotional D．humble
45．—Why didn’t you bring your computer to the class yesterday?
—Oh, it ______ by my neighbour then because it didn’t work very well.
A．is checked B．was to be checked
C．was being checked D．had been checked
46．A strong-willed person will stand up ______ and will continue on his way until he succeeds.
A．in a larger sense B．against all odds
C．on reflection D．at a glance
47．If you are in favour ______ the plan, please help us collect some information ______ your leisure.
A．of; in B．for; at C．of; at D．with; in
48．In order to live up to their parents’ ______, most of the kids have to study hard even over vacations.
A．expectations B．qualifications C．applications D．innovations
49．______ herself with routine office tasks, Betty didn’t have the time to spend a day with her kids.
A．Occupying B．Occupied C．Being occupied D．To occupy
50．The advantage of biological control ______ other methods is that it provides a relatively low-cost control system with a minimum of side-effects.
A．in defense of B．in contrast to C．in charge of D．in control of

五、用单词的适当形式完成句子
51．The company’s ______ (commit) to providing quality at a reasonable price has been important to its success.
52．Energy ______ (conserve) is of vital importance to us because our society is facing severe energy shortage.
53．The company is in ______ (finance) difficulties and many employees have quit. 54．At the time I thought I was right, but ______ reflection I think perhaps I wasn’t. 55．It is fair to say that the Internet has changed people’s life ______(dramatic). 56．It can be said that she is one of the most ______(influence) figures in local politics. 57．Its native inhabitants existed in perfect harmony ______ their natural habitat for thousands of years. 58．______(equip)with an intelligent computer brain, a robot can give us information such as the weather conditions within seconds.
59．Over the years I’ve come to the ______(conclude)that she is a very great musician. 60．______（devote）to bringing up the secret of nature, the young scientist has little time for entertainment.

六、短文改错
61．短文改错
Delighting to know the Video Production club is advertising for videos concerning memories about the Spring Festival, I’d like to participate this activity. Here goes the detailed informations of my contribution.
To help people get a better understanding of it, your video focuses on what people do during the Spring Festival. Some traditional customs, such as setting off fireworks and eat dumplings, are included. Additional, a big family dinner is the most important part, after that each member enjoys the pleasure of reunion and chats until the next day comes. At the end of this video, a brief introduction of the Spring Festival is being presented in the form of subtitles, impress the viewers again.
I do hope my video can be accepted. Your favorably reply would be highly appreciated.

七、其他应用文
62．假设你是晨光中学的李津。下周你校将与英国友好校举办一场在线会议，探讨如何利用网络学习英语，请你根据以下提示撰写一篇发言稿：
（1）介绍你是如何利用网络学习英语的（至少写出两点）；
（2）简单谈谈你对利用网络学习英语的看法；
（3）请友好校的学生分享他们的经验。
注意：词数100左右。


参考答案
1．B
2．C
3．D
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了奈史密斯篮球名人纪念堂的开放时间、票务信息、交通方式以及一些友情提示。
1．
细节理解题。根据Dates and Hours of Operation部分关键句“The Hall of Fame is open Wednesday through Sunday from late November through March 31 and daily the rest of the year. Hours are from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. (Friday through Sunday: 10 a.m. to 5 p.m.).”可知，名人堂从十一月下旬到第二年的3月31日之间，是星期三到星期日开放，其余的日子里每天都开放。开放时间为上午十点到下午四点，周五到周日是上午十点到下午五点。由此可知，A. At 11:00 a.m., Monday, Nov. 30th.时间不可以，因为11月下旬的星期一不开放。C. At 4:30 p.m., Tuesday, Apr.1st.时间不可以，星期二只开放到下午四点。D. At 5:30 p.m., Sunday, Dec. 20th.时间不可以，星期日只开放到下午五点。At 3:00 p.m., Friday, Mar. 12th. 时间可以，符合名人堂开放的时间，故游客可以在这个时间去参观。故选B项。
2．
推理判断题。根据第四段小标题及关键句“The Hall of Fame is conveniently located (位于) within driving distance from Boston (in the east), Albany (in the west), Vermont (in the north) and New York (in the south) and is right off of MA Route 91.”可知，游客从东南西北各城市开车便可到名人堂。再根据第四段关键句“For those who prefer to travel by air, the museum is not far from Logan International Airport and Bradley International Airport.”可知，名人堂距两个机场都不远。由此可推断出，这一段主要目的是为了强调名人堂的地理位置极佳，便于各地的游客参观。故选C项。
3．
细节理解题。根据A Friendly Reminder部分关键句“If you wish to participate in shooting on Center Court, please wear appropriate footwear.”可知，如果游客想要尝试投篮，应穿合适的鞋。故选D项。

4．D
5．C
6．B
7．C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作家笔下描述冬日的文学作品以及作家们赋予冬日的态度的变化历程。
4．
细节理解题。根据第二段“This unpleasant and even frightening aspect of winter can often be seen in literature. In Shakespeare’s King Lear (1606), the king has given away his kingdom and been rejected by his two ungrateful daughters.（在文学作品中经常可以看到冬天令人不快甚至令人恐惧的一面。在莎士比亚的《李尔王》(1606)中，国王放弃了自己的王国，遭到了两个忘恩负义的女儿的拒绝。）”可知，莎士比亚作品中的冬天是残忍的。故选D。
5．
细节理解题。根据第四段“Since Charles Dickens, the representation of the season in literature has often featured happy Christmas celebrations.（自查尔斯·狄更斯以来，文学作品中对这个季节的描述常常以快乐的圣诞庆祝活动为特色。）”可知，查尔斯·狄更斯对描写冬天的贡献是在描述冬天的时候有了一个转折点。故选C。
6．
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Consider the joy felt by Harry Potter and his friends in J. K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone (1997) as they sit down for their festive meal:（想想J·k·罗琳的《哈利·波特与魔法石》(1997)中哈利·波特和他的朋友们坐下来享受节日大餐时的快乐吧:）”可知，J. K.罗琳的作品给冬日带来欢乐。故选B。
7．
推理判断题。本文讲述了莎士比亚，狄更斯，J. K.罗琳等作家笔下描述冬日的文学作品以及作家们赋予冬日的态度的变化历程。可推测，这段文字可能出现在报纸文化和历史的部分。故选C。

8．C
9．A
10．A
11．B
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了科学家们通过研究找出了一种可以在太空中种植食物的方法并阐述了这一方法的优势和发展前景。
8．
细节理解题。根据第一段“Foods that we take for granted, such as fresh fruits and vegetables, are out of the question for space explorers.（我们认为理所当然的食物，如新鲜水果和蔬菜，对太空探索者来说是不可能的。）”以及第二段“Growing food to supplement and minimize the food that must be carried to space will be increasingly important on long-duration missions.（在长时间的任务中，种植食物来补充和减少必须携带到太空的食物将变得越来越重要。）”可知，太空农场之所以重要，主要是因为它可以提供新鲜的食物，减少从地球带来食物的需求。故选C。
9．
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“According to New Scientist, human urine is 95 percent water, with the other 5 percent composed of nutrients which are harmful to the human body but not to plants.（据《新科学家》报道，人的尿液中95%是水，另外5%的营养素对人体有害，但对植物无害。）”可知，我们能从悉尼大学的研究中学到人类尿液对植物无害。故选A。
10．
细节理解题。根据最后一段“And most importantly, said New Scientist, the duration of space missions will be greatly extended to “20 years of flight”, meaning we may be soon sending astronauts on missions to Mars, or even beyond.（《新科学家》称，最重要的是，太空任务的持续时间将大大延长至“20年飞行”，这意味着我们可能很快就会把宇航员送上火星，甚至更远的地方。）”可知，据《新科学家》报道，将人类尿液用于太空养殖的最大优势是这可能为长期太空飞行铺平道路。故选A。
11．
主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第三段“Recently, a team led by Federico Maggi at the University of Sydney in Australia figured out how plants can absorb nutrients from human urine (尿), as reported by New Scientist on March 27.（据《新科学家》3月27日报道，最近，由澳大利亚悉尼大学的Federico Maggi领导的一个小组研究了植物如何从人体尿液中吸收营养物质。）”可知，本文讲述了科学家们通过一系列研究，找出了一种可以在太空中种植食物的方法并阐述了这一方法的优势和发展前景，所以这篇课文的主要内容是在太空种植食物的一种可能的新方法。故选B。

12．B
13．C
14．D
15．C
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了许多人在家里的床上工作，这种工作方式取代了去办公室上班，而经科学研究表明在床上工作可能会破坏你的健康和影响你的工作效率和质量。
12．
词义猜测题。根据第二段的“Young people are particularly likely to fall victim to these bad habits, because they may not feel the consequences right away, which could include simple headaches, and could also extend to permanent stiffness in your back, and severe pain in the bones.（年轻人特别容易成为这些坏习惯的受害者，因为他们可能不会立即感受到后果，其中可能包括简单的头痛，也可能扩展到背部永久僵硬和骨骼的剧烈疼痛。）”可知，这些不良后果可能会随着时间的推移而出现。再结合前面的“effects-possibly permanent-could appear later on in life（影响——可能是永久性的——可能会在以后的生活中出现）”可知，adverse一词意为“有害的，不好的”，选项中harmful与其意思相同。故选B。
13．
细节理解题。根据第1题的分析和第二段的“But the reality is that turning your bed into your office can set off a large number of health problems, both psychological and physical. And even if you don't notice them now, adverse effects-possibly permanent-could appear later on in life. （但现实是，把床变成办公室会引发大量的心理和生理健康问题。即使你现在没有注意到它们，那些不良影响，可能是永久性的，可能会在以后的生活中出现。）”可知，关于在床上工作造成的健康问题，年轻人可能会在以后的生活中注意到它们。故选C。
14．
细节理解题。根据第四段的“So, when you spread out on your bed your laptop, phone and all the screens your job requires every day, your brain and body eventually stop associating bed with rest. “You're really training your brain to be alert, and telling it this is where your ideas come and this is where the work is done,” adds Salas. （因此，当你将笔记本电脑、手机和你每天工作所需的电子设备放在床上时，你的大脑和身体最终会停止将床与休息联系起来。Salas补充道，“你实际上是在训练你的大脑保持警觉，并告诉它床是你的想法的来源，也是工作完成的地方。”）”可知，Rachel Salas认为在床上工作使你的大脑将床与工作联系起来，而不是与休息联系起来。故选D。
15．
主旨大意题。根据第三段的“When you work from bed for a year, it doesn't just potentially ruin your body. It's possibly bad for your productivity and sleep habits, too. （当你在床上工作一年时，它不仅可能破坏你的身体。这也可能对你的工作效率和睡眠习惯不利。）”可知，在床上工作可能会破坏你的健康，结合第2题的分析可知，该句是在总结第二段的内容；同时该句话又引出第四段的“Doing this for a year, or any extended period of time, could lead to circadian rhythm disorder. And disturbed nights, body pain or both mean that you're less likely to be productive, creative or focused, making it likely your work could suffer.（这样做一年或更长的时间，都可能导致昼夜节律紊乱。而夜夜不安、身体疼痛或两者兼而有之，意味着你不太可能有工作效率、创造力或专注力，从而使你的工作可能会受到影响。）”，即在床上工作可能会对你的工作产生不良影响。由此可知，该句话是本文的主旨大意：在床上工作可能会破坏你的健康和影响你的工作效率和质量。故选C。

16．G
17．A
18．E
19．D
20．C
【分析】
本文是说明文。文章讲述了在环保方面垃圾回收分类的重要性及如何具体分类。
16．根据上文We all agree that we should recycle more at home, in the office or when out and about.（我们都同意我们应该在家里、办公室或外出时回收更多的垃圾）及下文Consequently, they can be collected and taken to the right place for recycling.（因此，可以将它们收集起来并送到正确的位置进行回收）可知，我们都赞同多回收垃圾，但是要回收材料，首先需要找到正确的废物来源。G项But for materials to be recycled, they first need to find their way to the right waste stream.（但是要回收材料，他们首先需要找到正确的废物来源）符合文意。故选G。
17．根据下文And the effective sorting needs to happen first, in our own home and second, in sorting plants to which waste is collected.（有效的分类首先需要在我们自己的家里进行，其次需要在收集垃圾的工厂里进行）可知，本段在讲述垃圾如何分类。A项For effective recycling we need effective sorting.（为了有效回收，我们需要有效分类）符合文意。故选A。
18．根据下文For instance, in Brussels consumers put plastic packaging, cans and beverage cartons in blue bags designed for recyclable packaging; paper in yellow bags for recycling; and glass needs to be taken to specific collection bins.（例如，在布鲁塞尔，消费者将塑料包装、易拉罐和饮料纸箱放在设计用于可回收包装的蓝色袋子中；将纸张放在黄色袋子中进行回收；玻璃需要被带到特定的收集箱中）可知，此处列举了布鲁塞尔、维也纳等地的不同收集方法，也就是说不同国家的收集系统可能非常不同。E项Collection systems can be very different from country to country.（收集系统可能因国家而异）符合文意。故选E。
19．根据上文Somewhat differently, in Vienna (Austria), citizens can expect their paper, metal, glass and plastic to be separately collected in different weeks of the year.（有些不同的是，在维也纳(奥地利)，市民可以期望他们的纸、金属、玻璃和塑料在一年中不同的星期被分别收集）可知，不同国家的收集系统可能非常不同，因此人们需要了解自己当地的收集系统。D项So citizens need to be aware of their local collection system.（因此，市民需要了解其当地的收集系统）符合文意。故选D。
20．根据上文Once recyclable materials are collected from your home, they are further sorted in specialized facilities which ensure the quality of the recycling process.（一旦可回收的材料从您的家中收集，他们进一步分类在专门的设施，以确保回收过程的质量）及下文Traditionally, sorting has been done either manually with workers sorting what can be recycled and picking out the materials to be discarded or mechanically.（传统上，分拣工作要么由工人手工完成，对可回收的材料进行分拣，挑选出要丢弃的材料，要么用机械方法）可知，在专门的设施里，不同分类技术发挥各自的作用。C项This is where different sorting techniques come into play.（这是不同分类技术发挥作用的地方）符合文意。故选C。
【点睛】
七选五题型主要考查上下文的理解与推断，虽然文章整体难度一般低于阅读理解，但是却给很多同学造成了很大的心理障碍。七个选项中选五个，比四个选项中选一个，感觉干扰性更大，很多同学在做这个题目时，总有一种眼花缭乱、心烦气躁的感觉，致使往往正确率不高。在这里提醒同学们，首先要克服心理障碍，同时要注意方式方法。其次，注意设空前后的句子，因为这些句子之间是顺承和联系的，所有一定要联系和理解上下文的语境。例如第4小题，根据上文Somewhat differently, in Vienna (Austria), citizens can expect their paper, metal, glass and plastic to be separately collected in different weeks of the year.（有些不同的是，在维也纳(奥地利)，市民可以期望他们的纸、金属、玻璃和塑料在一年中不同的星期被分别收集）可知，不同国家的收集系统可能非常不同，因此人们需要了解自己当地的收集系统。D项So citizens need to be aware of their local collection system.（因此，市民需要了解其当地的收集系统）符合文意。故D选项正确。

21．C
22．A
23．D
24．B
25．A
26．C
27．D
28．B
29．A
30．A
31．D
32．C
33．A
34．A
35．D
36．A
37．B
38．C
39．B
40．C
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者离职到船上从事医生的岗位给自己带来的改变，让作者重新定义了生活中的幸福。
21．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的医生朋友们竭力劝说我，他们说，出海会毁了我的事业。A. obey遵守；B. build建立；C. ruin摧毁；D. improve改善。根据上文的“I took a career risk by leaving my job to work on a ship”可知作者的决定有风险，可能会摧毁(ruin)作者的事业。故选C。
22．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我原以为条件会很艰苦，但令我欣慰的是，医院设备齐全，有x光机和血液分析仪。A. Hungry饥饿的，渴望的；B. Skillful熟练的；C. Suitable合适的；D. Concerned关心的。根据下文的“I boarded a ship”可知作者愿意冒这个险，hungry for意为“渴望”，故选A。
23．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我原以为条件会很艰苦，但令我欣慰的是，医院设备齐全，有x光机和血液分析仪。A. shock震惊；B. disappointment失望；C. regret后悔；D. relief放松。由上文作者反复用risk冒险描述海上的工作可知作者对海上的工作是有担忧的，而下文“the hospital was well equipped”说明医院设施很好，所以让作者松了一口气，如释重负。to my relief意为“让我如释重负”。故选D。
24．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一次航行是一次学习经验，一个紧凑的时间表充满了安全演习。A. daily日常的；B. tight紧紧的；C. loose松的；D. flexible灵活的。由“full of safety drills”可知，行程安排还是很紧凑的。故选B。
25．
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：有这么多新信息要吸收。A. take in领会；B. figure out弄明白；C. search for寻找；D. pick over挑选。结合上文“That first voyage was a learning experience”可知在第一次航行中，需要学得东西太多，也就是“领会”，结合题意，take in符合题意。故选A。
26．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：甚至连每天穿哪套制服都是一项挑战。A. training培训；B. risk冒险；C. challenge挑战；D. choice选择。前文“There was so much new information to”说每天都有很多信息要吸收，所以每天要记得穿什么衣服是应该是一个挑战(challenge)。故选C。
27．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，当船穿越时区时，我经常忘记设置我的时钟。A. watch看；B. repair修理；C. check检查；D. set设定。结合“when the ship crossed time zones”可知，应当是忘记设置时钟，故选D。
28．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一名医生，我负责600名船员，并随叫随到。A. powerful有力量的；B. responsible负责任的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. helpful有帮助的。由“As a doctor”可知，作为一名医生，作者负责600名船员，固定搭配be responsible for“对……负责任”，故选B。
29．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了治疗晕船和晒伤，我还得治疗其他疾病，因为我的病人种类繁多。A. treating治疗；B. suffering患…病；C. escaping逃脱；D. stopping停止。由“seasickness and sunburn”可知，是治疗晕船和晒伤，故选A。
30．
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：除了治疗晕船和晒伤，我还得治疗其他疾病，因为我的病人种类繁多。A. deal with处理；B. put aside把……放在一边；C. search for寻找；D. engage in从事。由“other diseases”可知，是治疗或处理其他疾病，故选A。
31．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：船上的医疗中心实际上是一个漂浮的急救室，我们没有一个专家小组来提供第二种意见。A. instantly立刻，马上；B. particularly特别是；C. certainly肯定地；D. actually实际上。根据“a floating emergency room”可知，船上的医疗中心实际上是一个漂浮的急救室，故选D。
32．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于工作时间长且难以预测，这需要有坚强的精神。A. comfort安慰；B. communication沟通，交流；C. toughness坚强；D. pressure压力。由上文的“long and unpredictable working hours”可知，工作时间长且无法预测，所以心理上需要坚强。故选C。
33．
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：心脏病发作与地理位置无关，紧急疏散很难安排。A. care about关心，在乎；B. refer to指的是；C. miss out错过；D. rely on依赖。结合“geography”可知，心脏病的发生不在乎地理位置（即心脏病随时可能发生）。故选A。
34．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：心脏病发作与地理位置无关，紧急疏散很难安排。A. arrange安排；B. monitor监督；C. encounter遇到；D. investigate调查。由“emergency evacuations（疏散）were difficult to”可知，心脏病发作与地理位置无关，紧急疏散很难安排。故选A。
35．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一辆破旧的救护车上经历了一段可怕的旅程后，我感到宽慰的是病人挺了过来，到达了巴拿马城的医院。A. relaxing令人放松的；B. boring无聊的；C. promising有前途的，有希望的；D. terrifying令人害怕的。由“an old ambulance”可知，在破旧的救护车上是一段可怕的旅程，故选D。
36．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一辆破旧的救护车上经历了一段可怕的旅程后，我感到宽慰的是病人挺了过来，到达了巴拿马城的医院。A. survived挺过，艰难度过；B. struggled挣扎；C. awoke醒着；D. stuck坚持。由句中“I was relieved”和“arrive at the hospital”可知，病人挺了过来，到达巴拿马城的医院。故选A。
37．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，这份工作有几个意想不到的好处。A. Steadily稳定地；B.Thankfully万幸地；C. Importantly重要的是；D. Generally一般地。由下文的“there were several unexpected benefits”可知，这份工作有几个意想不到的好处，因此这是万幸地，故选B。
38．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我经常喜欢乘客的设施，晚上我甚至自己留一个乘客的桌子。A. cleaned清洗；B. fixed修理，固定；C. enjoved喜欢；D. protected保护。根据下文的“I even hosted my own table of passengers in the evenings”可知，作者应该是喜欢船上的设施的。故选C。
39．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，我明白了，当一名船医不仅仅是一份工作，而是一种生活方式。A. confidence信心；B. life生活；C. experience经历；D. success成功。由下文的“I redefined happiness in my life”可知此处说的是生活的方式。故选B。
40．
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我失去了事业上的雄心，但我重新定义了生活中的幸福。A. though尽管；B. unless除非；C. but但是；D. or或者。由前面的“I lost my career ambitions”和后面的“I redefined happiness in my life”可知，作者失去了事业上的雄心，但作者重新定义了生活中的幸福，前后是转折关系，因此空格处是but，故选C。
41．D
【详解】
考查过去分词。句意：在实验室里，沃森发现歇洛克·福尔摩斯正坐在一张桌子旁，聚精会神地研究着一些实验设备。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语是found，空格处用非谓语形式，Sherlock Holmes和seat之间是被动关系，因此第一空用过去分词表被动，作宾语补足语；第二空处是with复合结构，attention和focus之间是被动关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作宾语补足语，故选D。
42．D
【详解】
考查将来进行时。句意：我明天十点会来看你演讲，抱歉，演讲已经结束了，那时我将会在办公室见我的客人。根据句意可知，表示将来一段时间一直在做的事情，用将来进行时。所以选D。


43．D
【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：专家评价说，这是迄今为止完成的最令人惊叹的工程。that引导的是定语从句，指代先行词project，工程是被完成，且是在专家评价之前就完成了，由gave可知，时态用过去完成时，表示在“过去的过去”完成的动作，因此空格处是过去完成时的被动语态had been done，故选D。
44．B
【详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：教师的重要工作之一是研究学习材料，使其更容易为学生所接受。A.convincing令人信服的；B.accessible可以理解的，易懂的；C.emotional情绪的；D.humble谦虚的。由“study the learning material”可知，句子表示“教师的重要工作之一是研究学习材料，使其更容易为学生所接受”，因此空格处是“可以理解的，易懂的”，故选B。
45．C
【详解】
考查过去进行时的被动语态。句意：——你昨天为什么不把电脑带来上课? ——哦，当时我的邻居正在检查，因为它运行得不太好。此处指过去某一时间点正在进行的动作，所以句子用过去进行时，且it与check之间是被动关系，用被动语态。故选C。
46．B
【详解】
考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：一个意志坚强的人会反抗一切困难，并将继续他的道路，直到他成功。A.in a larger sense从更大的意义上说；B.against all odds突破万难；C.on reflection经再三考虑；D.at a glance乍一看。由“continue on his way until he succeeds”可知，句子表示“一个意志坚强的人会反抗一切困难，并将继续他的道路”，因此空格处是“突破万难”，故选B。
47．C
【详解】
考查固定短语。句意：如果你赞成这个计划，请在你有空的时候帮助我们收集一些信息。固定短语：in favour of“赞成，支持”；at one’s leisure“有空时”。故选C。
48．A
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了不辜负父母的期望，大多数孩子甚至在假期也要努力学习。A. expectations期望；B. qualifications 任职资格；C. applications应用；D. innovations创新。根据“In order to live up to their parents’ ”可知此处指父母的“期望”。故选A。
49．A
【详解】
考查现在分词作原因状语。句意：贝蒂忙于日常的工作，根本没有时间和孩子们在一起。固定搭配：occupy oneself with“忙于……，专心于……”；此处句子主语Betty和动词occupy之间是主动关系，是现在分词作原因状语。故选A。
50．B
【详解】
考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：与其他方法相比，生物控制的优点是它提供了一个相对低成本的控制系统和最小的副作用。A.in defense of为……辩护；B.in contrast to与……相比；C.in charge of负责；D.in control of控制。由“biological control”和“other methods”可知，句中把生物控制和其他方法相对比，因此空格处是“与……相比”，故选B。
51．commitment
【详解】
考查名词。句意：这家公司保证供货质优价廉的承诺对它的成功起了决定性的作用。company’s后跟名词，作句子的主语，commit的名词是commitment，意为“承诺”，由has可知，空格处用单数，故填commitment。
52．conservation
【详解】
考查名词。句意：节能对我们来说是至关重要的，因为我们的社会正面临着严重的能源短缺。空格处用名词作主语，conserve的名词是conservation，意为“节约”，是不可数名词，故填conservation。
53．financial
【详解】
考查形容词。句意：公司陷入财务困境，许多员工都辞职了。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词difficulties，finance的形容词是financial，意为“财政的”，故填financial。
54．on
【详解】
考查介词。句意：当时我认为我是对的，但经再三考虑，我想也许我错了。on reflection是固定短语，意为“经再三考虑”，因此空格处是介词on，故填on。
55．dramatically
【详解】
考查副词。句意：公平地说，互联网极大地改变了人们的生活。空格处用副词修饰动词changed，dramatic的副词是dramatically，意为“剧烈地，明显地”，故填dramatically。
56．influential
【详解】
考查形容词。句意：可以说，她是当地政界最有影响力的人物之一。根据句意和空格前the most可知，应填入influence的同根形容词influential构成形容词最高级，作定语修饰名词figures，表示“最有影响力的”。故填influential。
57．with
【详解】
考查介词。句意：几千年来，这里的居民与自然栖息地和谐相处。固定短语in harmony with意为“与……和谐”，因此空格处是介词with。故填with。
58．Equipped
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：配备了智能计算机大脑的机器人可以在几秒钟内给我们提供天气状况等信息。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语是can give，空格处用非谓语形式，a robot和equip之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词equipped表被动，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Equipped。
59．conclusion
【详解】
考查名词。句意：这些年来，我得出的结论是她是一位非常伟大的音乐家。空格处用名词作宾语，conclude的名词是conclusion，意为“结论”，come to the conclusion that是固定短语，意为“得出结论”。故填conclusion。
60．Devoted
【详解】
考查过去分词作原因状语。句意：这位年轻的科学家致力于揭示大自然的秘密，几乎没有时间娱乐。固定搭配：be devoted to“致力于……”，此处是过去分词作原因状语。故答案为Devoted。
61．1. delighting→delighted
2. participate后加 in
3. informations→information
4. your→my
5. eat→eating
6. Additional→Additionally
7. that→which
8. 删除is后的being
9. impress→impressing
10.favorably→favorable
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。视频制作俱乐部正在宣传有关春节回忆的视频，作者参加了这次活动，并捐赠了详细资料。
【详解】
1.考查形容词。句意：很高兴得知视频制作俱乐部正在招聘关于春节回忆的视频，我想参加这次活动。固定搭配：be delighted to do sth.“很高兴做某事”，表示人的情绪、情感应用v-ed形式的形容词。故把delighting改成delighted。
2.考查固定搭配。句意：很高兴得知视频制作俱乐部正在招聘关于春节回忆的视频，我想参加这次活动。固定搭配：participate in“参加”。故在 participate后面加in。
3. 考查不可数名词。句意：这里是我贡献的详细信息。information是不可数名词，没有复数形式。故把 informations改成information。
4. 考查形容词性的物主代词。句意：为了帮助人们更好地理解春节，我的视频关注的是人们在春节期间做什么。结合上下文语境，此处指“我的”视频。故把your改成my。
5. 考查动名词作宾语。句意：一些传统习俗，如放烟花和吃饺子，包括在内。such as后面用动名词作宾语。故把eat改成eating。
6.考查副词。句意：此外，一个大的家庭晚餐是最重要的部分，之后每个成员享受团聚和聊天的乐趣，直到第二天到来。此处是副词修饰整个句子。故把Additional改成Additionally。
7.考查定语从句。句意：此外，一个大的家庭晚餐是最重要的部分，之后每个成员享受团聚和聊天的乐趣，直到第二天到来。此处a big family dinner是先行词，指物，介词after后面指物用which引导定语从句。故把that改成which。
8.考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：在视频的最后，以字幕的形式对春节做了简单的介绍，再次给观众留下了深刻的印象。此处在描述一个客观事实，并不表示进行，句子主语a brief introduction of the Spring Festival和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以用用一般现在时的被动语态，且句子主语a brief introduction of the Spring Festival是第三人称单数形式。故删除is后的being 。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意：在视频的最后，以字幕的形式对春节做了简单的介绍，再次给观众留下了深刻的印象。句子已有谓语动词is presented，此处是现在分词作伴随状语。故把impress改成impressing。
10.考查形容词作定语。句意：如蒙惠复，将不胜感激。此处reply是名词，由形容词修饰，favorably是副词，其形容词是favorable。故把favorably改成favorable。
62．Good morning, dear friends. Here I'd like to talk about how I learn English online.
Firstly, I learn English by reading books or news and watching films on the Internet. Additionally, the Internet enables me to communicate with native speakers using video calling and online forums, which improves my oral and written English.
Based on my own experience, learning English online is really a great way for English learners. However, not everything online is right so we should learn to identify the wrong information. Finally, I sincerely hope you can share your experience of learning English online.
Thank you!
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇发言稿，介绍你是如何利用网络学习英语的，简单谈谈你对利用网络学习英语的看法，并请友好校的学生分享他们的经验。
【详解】
1. 词汇积累
另外：additionally→moreover
本地的：native→local
识别：identify→recognize
真诚地：sincerely→genuinely
2．句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Firstly, I learn English by reading books or news and watching films on the Internet.
拓展句：Firstly, I learn English by reading books or news and watching films that can be found on the Internet.
【点睛】
[高分句型1]Here I'd like to talk about how I learn English online.（运用了how引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]Additionally, the Internet enables me to communicate with native speakers using video calling and online forums, which improves my oral and written English.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）