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上海市高三英语语法填空专项训练
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这是一份上海市高三英语语法填空专项训练，共20页。试卷主要包含了 t watch 22， whever 28， as27， that30，was launched 29等内容，欢迎下载使用。
上海市高三英语二模专项训练之语法填空
金山区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
A ban on distracted walking
You can’t walk down the street without passing so-called “smart-phone zombies（僵尸）.” They are too absorbed in their screen (21) _________ (watch) where they are going. Almost four in ten people admit having suffered a technology-related small accident (22) _________ they pay more attention to their electronic device than to the pavement.
Now the city of Honolulu, Hawaii, has decided it’s time to take immediate action and make it illegal to cross the road while using a mobile phone. Those (23) _________ (catch) using phones, tablets or other electronic devices at crossing points could face a fine of up to $ 100.
Honolulu is the first major U. S. city to ban (24) _________ is called “distracted walking.” It comes after a study found there (25) _________ (be) more than 11,000 injuries in the United States resulting from phone-related distraction while walking in the past few years.
To explain the decision, mayor Kirk Caldwell said, “We hold the unfortunate honor of being a major city (26) _________ more pedestrians are hit in crosswalks than almost any other city in the country.”
Under the fine systems. (27) _________ breaks this law for the first time will get a fine of $15 to $35. People breaking the law for a second or third time will get a $99 fine.
The law, which is called the Distracted Walking Law, does permit an exception. Pedestrians (28) _________ use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.
If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid (29) _________ (fine) in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait (30) _________ you are again, safely, off the street.
21. to watch 22. because 23. caught 24. what 25. had been 26. where
27. whoever 28. can/may 29. being fined 30. until
闵行区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
A Brief History of Chopsticks.
We’ve discussed the story of knife and fork, but there’s another set of utensils(器皿) used by billions of people around the world—and it has a truly ancient past. The Chinese have been wielding chopsticks since at least 1200 B.C., and by A.D. 500 chopsticks____21____ (sweep) the Asian continent from Vietnam to Japan. From their humble beginnings____22____cooking utensils to paper-wrapped bamboo sets at the sushi counter, there's more to chopsticks than meets the eye.
Chopsticks____25____(develop) about 5000 years ago in China. The____24____(early) versions were probably twigs used to get food from cooking pots. When resources became scare, around 400 B. C. ,crafty chefs figured out ____25____ to conserve fuel by chopping food into smaller pieces that required less cooking fuel, and besides, it could be cooked more quickly. This new method of cooking made it unnecessary to have knives at the dinner table—a practice that also matched the non-violent teachings of Confucius (孔子)，____26____expressed in one of his numerous quotations:“ the honorable and upright man keeps well away from both the slaughterhouse(屠宰房) and the kitchen. And he allows no knives on his table.” As a vegetarian, he believed that knives’ sharp points evoked(诱发)violence____27____ (kill) the happy, contented mood that should reign during meals. Thanks in part to his teachings, chopstick use quickly became widespread throughout Asia.
Different cultures adopted different chopstick styles. Perhaps in a nod to Confucius, Chinese chopsticks featured a blunt rather than pointed end. In Japan, chopsticks were 8 inches long for men and 7 inches long for women. In 1878 the Japanese became the first____28____ (create) the now-ubiquitous disposable set, typically made of bamboo or wood. Wealthy diners could eat with ivory, jade, coral, brass or agate versions, while the most privileged used silver sets. It was believed that the silver would corrode and turn black ____29____ it came into contact with poisoned food.
Throughout history, chopsticks have enjoyed a symbiotic relationship with another staple of Asian cuisine: rice. At first glance, you'd think that rice wouldn't make the cut, but in Asia most rice is of the short- or medium-grain variety. The starches(淀粉质食品) in these rices create a cooked product that is gummy and clumpy, unlike the fluffy and distinct grains of Western long- grain rice. ____30____ chopsticks come together to lift steaming bundles of sticky rice, it's a match made in heaven.
21. had swept 22. as 23. Were developed 24. earliest 25. how
26. as 27. killing 28. to create 29. if/when 30. As/Because/Since
长宁区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The family who eats together
What’s the price of a family meal? For many families in the world’s wealthiest countries, the answer seems to be, ‘too much’. For instance, in the United States, (21) ______ is often a trendsetter in such things, the majority of families report eating a single meal together fewer than five days a week. In fact, the frequency of shared meals (22) ______ (decrease) in American families by 33 per cent over the last twenty years. The meals (23) ______ have shortened too: from an average of 90 minutes to just 12 minutes.
So perhaps we’re better off asking ourselves (24) ______ the cost of not eating together is. Once again, we could turn to the figures. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development has found that 15-year-olds who reported not regularly (25) ______ (share) family meals were twice as likely to be absent from school. In Europe, research has suggested that children who don’t eat dinner with their parents at least twice a week face a 40 per cent higher risk of fatness. Another study, (26) ______ (conduct) by the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse (滥用) at Columbia University, found that kids who eat dinner with their parents five or more times a week are (27) ______ (likely) to have problems with drugs and alcohol.
But those numbers, impressive (28) ______ they seem, may be beside the point. After all, having a meal together is more than just a preventive measure (29) ______ future misfortune. The primary cost of the family meal is also the very thing that makes it important: time.
The time spent together over food leads to all the positive outcomes that are measured in the studies. That time spent together has less noticeable—but no less real—effects too. So often, (30) ______ is at the family meal that the family as such—the family as an organic unit with shared memories and feelings and ambitions—is made.
21. which 22. has decreased 23. themselves 24. what 25. sharing
26. conducted 27. less likely 28. as 29. against 30. it
宝山区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
As entrepreneurs (创业者), we had a vision, we realized it, and now we (21) _____ (run) our own companies. But the dream can damage our "work-life balance."
When the success of the company rests on your shoulders, you've always got an excuse to put (22) _____ else on hold.
What I've learned (23) _____ (face) the demands of a start-up company and a young family over the past couple of decades is that sometimes the best way to solve the work-life balance problem is to think small. Make a handful of lifestyle corrections (24) _____, individually, may not sound all that exciting, but taken together, can prevent you from getting too tired.
Here's my list of life hacks that will help prevent exhaustion:
l Work from home one day a week
Few things give you a more grounded, in-control feeling than getting things done in your own space and at your own pace. Instead of leaving the office (25) _____ (clear) my head over a Starbucks coffee, I can fold the laundry, and cut back on evening housework.
Not to mention, working in pajamas is one of life's (26) _____(underestimate) pleasures.
l Pencil in time for exercise
It really bothered me (27) _____ with the demands of company and family, my tennis game was going down the drain. That may sound unimportant, but it wasn't to me, (28) _____ it was a meaningful part of my life outside of work. To get some balance back in my life, I rearranged my schedule. Two mornings a week, I woke up an hour (29) _____ (early) to work out with a tennis coach. If sports aren't your thing, try yoga or that hobby that you always loved but let go of after starting your business.
l Learn something new, outside the office
It can be draining to always be the person who's supposed to have the answers as a business leader. It's surprisingly liberating to be on the other side, (30) _____ (absorb) knowledge without the pressure to perform or to always be right.
21. are running 22.everything 23.facing 24.that 25.to clear 26.underestimated 27.that 28.because 29.earlier 30.absorbing
崇明区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Sneakers (运动鞋) Made from Old Chewing Gum
Dutch fashion and shoe label Explicit Wear is hoping to solve one of life’s sticky situations—the annoyance of stepping in waste chewing gum on the pavement—while helping to keep Amsterdam’s city streets clean. The brand has partnered with local marketing organization Iamsterdam and sustainability firm Gumdrop (21)_______(create) a limited edition sneaker for adults made from recycled gum collected from the city’s pavements.
Chewing gum causes an incredibly serious ecological problem, (22) _______it is made from plastics that do not biodegrade (生物降解). It’s also the second (23)_______ (common) form of roadside litter, after cigarette ends. An incredible 3.3 million pounds of gum are incorrectly thrown away on the sidewalks each year, (24)_______ (cost) the city millions of dollars to clean up. Gumdrop plans to collect waste gum from the streets of Amsterdam, clean them, and turn them into Gum-Tec, the material that forms the base of the shoe.
The waste gum will be put to good use to make stylish kicks, (25) _______will also raise awareness for the anti-littering cause. (26)_______ (price) at around $332, the shoes will come into the market sometime next month.
Available for preorder now, the new Gumshoe sneakers—offered in both a bubblegum pink and a black/red colorway—(27)_______ (feature) long-lasting rubber outsoles (鞋子外底) shaped from recyclable compounds produced by Gumdrop, 20 percent of which are made from gum.
Nearly 2.2 pounds of gum (28)_______ (use) in every four pairs of shoes. A map of Amsterdam is made into the bottom of the soles to remind people of the littering problem. Even better, the sneakers actually still smell like bubblegum, (29) _______ the annoying stickiness. Just as good as any sneaker with a rubber sole, the Gumshoes help get chewing gum off our streets and keep the dangerously non-biodegradable substance out of our eco-system.
To help spread their sustainability message, (30) _______Gumshoe’s creators are hoping to do is to expand their project to other major cities around the world.
21. to create 22. because / as / since 23. most common / commonest 24. costing
25. which 26. Priced 27. feature 28. is used 29. without 30. what
奉贤区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Plants Scream in the Face of Stress
For the first time, researchers appear to have evidence that like animals, those plants deprived of water or (21) ______(force) to endure bodily harm can let out their pain. The study, (22) ______ has yet to be published in a scientific Journal, adds another dimension to scientists (23) ______ (grow) understanding of how plants detect and interact with their surroundings.
In recent years, it has become very clear that plants are more sensitive than researchers (24) ______ (think). They respond when touched by insects and turn toward sources of light. “Plants are not just robotic stimulus-response devices,” said Frantisek Baluska of the University of Bonn in Germany. “They’re living organisms which have their own problems.”
Actually making their suffering hearable, however, is another matter entirely. (25) ______ (test) that possibility, a team led by Itzhak Khait, a plant scientist at Tel Aviv University in Israel, placed microphones capable of detecting ultrasonic frequencies (超声波频率) four inches from tomato and tobacco plants. The researcher then either stopped watering them or cut their stems.
Measuring in the range of 20 to 150 kilohertz (千赫), the researchers found that even happy, healthy plants made the occasional noise. But when cut, tobacco plants emitted (26) ______ average of 15 sounds within an hour of being cut, (27) ______ tomato plants produced 25 sounds.
(28) ______ researchers aren't yet sure how plants produce these sounds, Khait and his colleagues proposed one possibility in their paper (29) ______ as water travels through the plants' tubes, air bubbles will form and explode, producing small vibrations.
All this “screaming” caused by stress wasn’t in a range detectable by human ears. But organisms that can hear ultrasonic frequencies--like mice, bats or perhaps other plants--(30) ______ possibly hear the plants cries from as far away as 15 feet.
21.forced 22. which 23. growing 24. thought 25. To test
26.an 27. while 28. Although/While/Though 29. that
30. could/can
虹口区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
How Can You Look Your Best in Photos?
Have you ever seen a picture of yourself and felt embarrassed by what you saw? Actually, it’s really all (21) __________ (tie) to how we respond to the camera. With the following tips, you’re sure to look your best.
No. 1 Study Photos of Yourself
The first step in simple: learn from the past. You need to know how you look in photos before you can improve. Gather some old pictures together, (22) __________ __________ they make you ashamed a little. Now look over how your body is placed in the pictures and think for a while. (23) __________ (analyze) all these old photos, you can find a few natural poses you can use in the future.
No. 2 Practice in Front of a Mirror
Now that what works for you in photos (24) __________ (figure) out, start using what you’ve learned from your old pictures, practicing in front of mirror. Work on your favorites and you’ll be able to mentally pick out a pose in the future - (25) __________ a mirror.
One thing that goes great with a nice pose is a matching smile, so try out several smile until you find one that fits. You should consider (26) __________ a closed or an open - mouthed smile looks better.
No. 3 Say “Money”
We’re used to saying “Cheese”, but this only creates a fake smile. Abandon the cheese and try out the word “Money” instead. The ending ‘ey’ is the very sound (27) __________ forces the corners of your mouth upward and creates a fold around your eyes. The result is a more natural, realistic smile. Another great trick to prevent a too-wide smile (28) __________ (happen) is placing your tongue on the back of your front teeth.
No. 4 Choose the Right Lighting
Getting some sunny photos on a bright day makes you look good a pictures. But in reality, the sun can often create unpleasant shadows that are (29) __________ but attractive.
Standing right under an indoor light will have the same effect as the sun, which is also worthy (30) __________ (mention), story a source of natural light instead, such as a window.
21. tied 22. even if / even though 23. Having analyzed 24. has been figured
25. without 26. whether 27. that 28. happening 29. anything 30. to be mentioned
黄浦区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Lego wants your old Legos back
If you have a box of old Lego bricks sitting unused in a garage,Lego now wants them back. In a new program, consumers in the U.S.can dump old bricks in a box,print a free shipping label,and send them off to Give Back Box,a social enterprise(21)______ will clean the toys and repackage them for Teach for America and the Boys and Girls Club of Boston.
"The classic Lego brick is made from a tough material (22)______ (call)ABS,and the toys can be played with for decades without breaking. It's already fairly common, of course,that Legos (23)______ (hand)down from one child to another."says Tim Brooks,vice president of corporate responsibility at Lego Group.
The company looked for a partner that could process the used toys while (24)______ (maintain)Lego's standard of quality.“We want to make sure that all kids are getting a great experience,"he says."You shouldn't get a really inferior experience (25)______ the bricks are donated. "If the program goes well, Brooks says,it (26)______ expand.
He sees it(27)______ one version of the circular economy,a system of keeping materials in use-and argues that the toys themselves illustrate the idea of the circular economy."You can build a rocket and then you can take (28)______ apart and build a ship,or a car,or a house,or (29)______ you like,"Brooks says.As toys are reused, that's another circular system“We intend(30)______ (show)that great quality toys like Lego can be used in lots of repeating circles-used,reused,donated,used,reused, donated."
21.that/which 22. called 23. are handed 24. maintaining 26. may/might
27.as 28.it/that 29. whatever 25. although/ because 30. to show
浦东新区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Green Spring Renews Life’s Promise
For me, two of the loveliest words in the English language are “Life persists”. I came across them years ago as a college freshman, sitting in the library on a beautiful spring day, bored, working on a history paper, I don’t recall (21) _________ I was researching into. Out of nowhere, those two words came (22) _________ (dance) off the page in a quote by Gandhi, “In the midst of death life persists, in the midst of untruth truth persists, in the midst of darkness light persists.”
After those words (23) _________ (read) again a dozen times, suddenly I was no longer bored. Outside in the sunshine, I kicked off my shoes and danced barefoot across a spring-green lawn.
I love spring. And this year, I was especially hungry to see it. Flying home last weekend to Las Vegas, after 10 days in California, I looked down on hills that were so green that I (24) _________ almost taste them. When I approached Vegas, the green turned a dull desert brown. We landed after sunset, and the only green to be seen was neon（霓虹灯）.
But the next morning, to my surprise, I (25) _________ (awake) to find signs of spring all over my yard. (26) _________ my absence, all sorts of things had leafed and bloomed. Three days later, I drove to Arizona to visit a friend and get yet another taste of spring seeing the Giants play the A’s in spring training. The drive across the desert was completely great, a variety of wildflowers and blooming cactuses.
Sometimes we need the chance (27) _________ (remind) that we’re still alive. After my husband died, a friend sent me a card which read: “Just (28) _________ you think you will never smile again, life comes back.”
Life persists, and so do (29) _________ in the green of spring and the dead of winter, in the birth of a child and the passing of a loved one; in the words we leave behind and the hearts of those (30) _________ will remember us. Spring reminds us that we’re alive forever.
21. what 22.dancing 23.were read24.could25.awoke/was awoken
26.In/During27.to be reminded 28.when/as29.we30.who
松江区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
After graduation, Susan was asked to become the executive director of the Floating Hospital. She hesitated at first, as it was a demanding job and she wondered whether she could handle it. But on second thoughts, she agreed to take the job. (21)________ this job turned out rewarding. she soon got tired of it. (22)__________ (seat) at her desk one day, she wanted to go down to the New School for Social Research all of a sudden. Since she always believed instinct was an advantage she (23)_______ trust, she decided to have a go.
Without any plan, she titled the course 'Feel the Fear and Do It Anyway', Susan was nervous as she faced the first session of the twelve-week course. The two hours went on smoothly, but she then (24)_______ (challenge) with a new fear, for she didn't know what to present the next week. But surprisingly, every week she found she had more to say. Her confidence level growing, she realized. she had equipped (25)________ so much over the years about getting over fear and her students were drinking it up. At the end of the course. they were amazed at (26)_______ shifting their thinking really changed their lives.
Susan eventually decided to write a book based on the course she had taught. She faced many obstacles. And after (27)________(reject) by four agents and various publishers. she unwillingly put the proposal in a drawer.
One day after three years of writing. she went through the drawer (28)______ she held her much-rejected book proposal. Picking it up. she had a sharp sense that she held something in her hands many people needed to read. She set out with much determination, therefore. (29)_______(find) a publisher who believed in her book the same way she did. This time, she succeeded. She succeeded beyond her wildest dreams.
She was so happy that she followed her heart and never gave up overcoming fears which stood (30)__________ her way.
21-25 While / Though/ Although: Seated: could / should: was challenged: herself
26-30 low: being rejected: where: to find: in
徐汇区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Discovering a Lost Brother
Kieron Graham always knew he had an elder brother named Vincent. His adoption papers, (21) _______ (sign) when he was three months old, listed a brother named Vincent but no last name. Though Kieron spent years thinking about Vincent, he could never track him down.
That changed in December 2017, when Kieron’s adoptive parents gave him an DNA test as a Christmas gift. When his results came back, he was surprised (22) _______ (find) he had a lot of DNA matches for relatives who had also taken the test. Most were distant connections, but one match was so strong that it (23) _______ (label) “close family.” His name was Vincent Ghant. Kieron looked for him on Facebook and soon made a possible connection.
When they connected, it was (24) _______ _______ they had known each other their whole lives. As they talked, the brothers realized they lived about 20 minutes from each other. (25) _______(surprisingly), they attended the same university and majored and minored in the same subjects.
Vincent was nine when Kieron was born and remembers caring for his baby brother. But times were tough, and Shawn, who worked 15-plus hours a day as a nurse, decided that (26) _______(place) Kieron for adoption would give him the best chance to succeed.
“She was very emotional about that time, to the point (27) _______ it was hard for her to put into words anything about what happened,” Vincent says.
Now the brothers had the chance to make up for lost time. They decided to meet at a local tea shop that week. One of Vincent’s concerns was that Kieron (28) _______ hate his birth family for placing him for adoption. He was relieved Kieron didn’t, and (29) _______ he’d grown up in a loving family. After that first meeting, the brothers played football together and celebrated Christmas with their families. “We’ll keep growing our relationship (30) _______ it’s time to leave this planet,” says Vincent. That shouldn’t be hard. As Kieron says, “We’ve got years and years to catch up on.”
21. signed 22. to find 23. was labeled/labelled 24. as if/though
25. More surprisingly 26. placing 27. where 28. might
29. that 30. until/till
杨浦区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
A Taste of War—Foods That Were Created During War
The saying “an army marches on its stomach” tells the importance of giving soldiers tasty, nutritious foods. In some cases, foods that (21) ________ (create) for soldiers or during times of war became popular in homes as well.
Today, Fanta is a famous soda, but its beginnings were humble. The soft drink was invented in Germany to take the place of Coca Cola. When World War II began, the Coca-Cola Company’s German branch (22) ________ no longer receive the syrup（糖浆） used to produce the soft drink from the United States. Thus, it created a new drink to satisfy the market and called it Fanta, short for “fantastic” (23) ________ German.
The beginnings of war-time foods in Asia are interesting, too. (24) ________ curry（咖喱） had already existed in India, it was introduced into Japan via Britain for the purpose of restoring sailors’ health. As the story goes, the Japanese navy initially promised unlimited amounts of white rice, (25) ________ was considered a high-status food in Japan, as a way to attract newcomers. The problem was that white rice lacked the vital vitamin B1, and thousands of sailors fell ill after eating rice alone. (26) ________ (observe) the British navy’s standard meal of curry, which contained vitamin B1-rich meat and flour, the Japanese navy began to serve its sailors the same. The curry was so tasty that it soon (27) ________ (spread) across Japan.
The Korean War gave birth to budae jigae, or “army stew” in Korean. It was first made in US military bases near Seoul, using (28) ________ ingredients were available, since food was scarce. The tasty stew typically (29) ________ (consist) of some kind of precooked meat such as ham, American cheese and instant noodles soon caught on.
Many foods were invented at times of conflict to keep soldiers healthy. Fortunately, some of those foods still exist to keep (30) ________ happy and satisfied.
21. had been created/were created 22. could 23. in 24. Although/Though/While 25. which 26. Observing/ Having observed 27. spread/was spread 28. what(ever) 29. consisting 30. everyone/us
嘉定区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Long-term low self-esteem can cause depression
Low self-esteem makes us feel bad about ourselves. But did you know that over time it also can cause the development of serious mental conditions such as depression?
Self-esteem is, very simply, he set of feelings you have about yourself. It’s developed by your experiences, thoughts, feelings, and relationships. (21) ________ self-knowledge, which refers to how much you know about yourself, self-esteem is formed around whether you like yourself or not. Depression is much more than just feeling sad. It drains your energy and makes everyday activities difficult.
Doctors use low self-esteem as one possible symptom (22) ________ they diagnose the mental condition of major depressive disorder. They don’t necessarily care (23) ________ low self-esteem causes the depression or vice versa. However, personality researchers have long wondered about the chicken-and-egg problem of self-esteem and depression. Certainly, if you dislike yourself, you’ll be more likely (24) ________ (depress). On the other hand, if you’re depressed, you’ll be more likely to feel bad about yourself. The only way that (25) ________ (employ) to explore the highly related concepts of self-esteem and depression is through continuous research, (26) ________ ________ people are followed up over time.
A study on depression conducted by University of Basel researchers Julia Sowislo and Ulrich Orth, (27) ________ (contrast) the competing directions of self-esteem to depression vs depression to self-esteem. The findings have revealed that over time low self-esteem is a risk factor for depression, regardless of who is tested and how. The study indicates that low self-esteem causes depression (28) ________ not vice versa.
Therefore, if a person has low self-esteem, there’s a (29) ________ (great) risk of developing depression. This is a very important discovery because it shows that (30) ________ (improve) a person’s self-esteem can make him or her feel better.
21.Unlike22.when23.whether24.to be depressed25.is employed
26.in which27.contrasted28.but29.greater30.improving
青浦区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Luxembourg makes all public transport free
One square meter Luxembourg makes all public transport free. With a population of 602,000, Luxembourg is one of Europe’s (21)________ (small) countries — yet it suffers from major traffic jams. But that could be about to change. As of March 1, 2020 all public transport — trains, trams and buses — in the country is now free. The government hopes the move (22)________ (ease) heavy crowding and bring environmental benefits.
Tiny country, big traffic (23)________ (landlock) Luxembourg which is surrounded by three countries is one of the richest countries in Europe. (24)________ (take) up 2,586 square kilometers, Luxembourg is roughly the size of Rhode Island. From the capital of Luxembourg City, Belgium, France and Germany (25)________ all be reached by car in half an hour.
High housing costs, especially in Luxembourg City, mean more than 180,000 of the country’s workforce make regular journeys from those neighboring countries every day. Luxembourg is a very attractive place for jobs. But (26)________“booming economy” and high concentration of jobs have led to crowding issues.
In 2016, Luxembourg had 662 cars per 1,000 people, and driving is a “primary means of transportation” for people. That year, drivers in Luxembourg City spent an average of 33 hours in traffic jams. It fared worse than European cities Copenhagen and Helsinki, (27) ________ have comparable population sizes to all of Luxembourg — yet drivers in both only spent an average of 24 hours in traffic. Park and rides around Luxembourg’s borders in the three neighboring countries, however, will encourage commuters to use free mass transit.
Free transport for all Luxembourg’s public transport system covers the whole country and costs $562 million per year to run. The government is putting up the cost of it free so that the people can benefit from the good economy. People still hold the concern (28) ________ making transport free may unintentionally prevent people who would normally walk or cycle in urban areas. (29)________ a bus coming and they say, “We can get on and travel 500 meters (30) ________walking 500 meters, people see it’s free”. However, the new scheme can signal important changes ahead when it comes to Luxembourg’s reliance on driving.
The government might say, “It’s important that you throw away your car, and look, we made public transport free” — and maybe this is helpful given the enormous cultural shift we need.”
21.smallest 22. will ease 23. Landlocked 24. Taking 25. can
26. its 27. which 28. that 29. Instead of 30. because/as/since
普陀区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Messages from the Deep
You might consider writing a note, putting it in a bottle, and throwing it into the ocean. People (21)_______ (do) that for centuries, for these and all kinds of reasons. Some messages have made remarkable journeys in bottles through the ages, like the current titleholder for the world’s oldest seafaring note. This one was dropped from a German ship into the Indian Ocean in June 1886, only (22)_______ (discover) in 2018 by a woman walking with a friend on a remote beach in Western Australia.
When the note dried, the woman discovered that the message contained the day when it was written, the exact place (23)_______ which it was sent, and who wrote it. (24)_______ it turns out, the bottle was dropped by the captain of a German ship who was investigating ocean and trade routes. He wanted to see where the bottle would end up, so the note asked (25)_______ was reading it to contact the nearest German officials.
Amazingly, researchers were able to identify the note (26)_______ they found the captain’s original journal from 1886. One of the entries mentioned a drift bottle (27)_______ (throw) overboard on the very same date, from the exact same site as detailed in the note, and even the handwriting matched!
But the captain wasn’t the first person interested in finding out where a bottled message might end up. In fact, the first known message in a bottle (28)_______ (launch) with the same intention. Around 310 BCE, the Greek philosopher Theophrastus dropped several sealed bottles into the Aegean Sea, (29)_______ (hope) to prove that the Mediterranean Sea was connected to the Atlantic Ocean. But (30)_______ is uncertain whether the bottles he dropped ever made their way to the Atlantic.
21.have been doing / have done 22.to be discovered 23. from/ at 24. As 25. whoever
26.when/as/since/because/after
27.being thrown/ thrown/had been thrown/was thrown
28.was launched 29. hoping 30. it
静安区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The Shop Where It’s OK to Be Different
When Angela Makey knew her autistic (患自闭症的) son Adam wanted to open a comic shop, she laughed out loud. She knew he’d been keen on comics since childhood. But how would he deal with customers and suppliers and all the other jobs (21) ______ are necessary for running a business?
At that time, Adam was looking for a job. He had a degree in philosophy and had learned to live independently, but there didn’t seem to be any suitable jobs for him. The family (22)______ (hope) he and his younger brother Guy, also with autism, could find work that matched their strengths: reliability, punctuality and attention to detail. But there were no available opportunities.
So the “laughable” comic shop idea began to grow on Angela. Eventually, she used her savings to buy a shop in Cambridgeshire, and seven years ago Niche Comics (23)______ (bear).
Like many autistic people, Adam loves comics for their world of rich detail and visual expression. He developed an interest in Marvel comic heroes on TV (24)______ he was seven years old. “They are a reminder (25)______ it’s OK not to be like everyone else,” Adam said. He’s now 30, and comics and their heroes are still part of his life.
In the comic shop, the brothers share their encyclopedic (渊博的) knowledge of comics with customers. The brothers act as guides in this universe, (26)______ (introduce) customers to new comics.
The shop attracts many autistic customers. And being autistic (27)______ turns out to be a big help for the brothers to deal with customers. They are good at (28)______ (spot) the customers’ needs and feelings. “Maybe it’s the tone of the voice, the motion of a hand — small details that most people won’t pick up on — that I might have insight (深刻理解) into,” says Guy.
Of course, the majority of customers who come to the shop are not autistic. Now the brothers get a steady stream of customers who are, both male and female, (29)______ young children to retired people. Once the shop had established itself, the brothers also began reaching out to people with autism beyond the shop.
Seven years on, Angela is glad she took the risk of helping her sons (30)______ (create) their dream shop. “This shop has a soul,” the mother says proudly.
21. that 22. had hoped 23. was born 24. when 25. that
26. introducing 27. themselves 28. spotting 29. from 30. (to) create
上海市高三英语二模专项训练之语法填空
金山区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
A ban on distracted walking
You can’t walk down the street without passing so-called “smart-phone zombies（僵尸）.” They are too absorbed in their screen (21) _________ (watch) where they are going. Almost four in ten people admit having suffered a technology-related small accident (22) _________ they pay more attention to their electronic device than to the pavement.
Now the city of Honolulu, Hawaii, has decided it’s time to take immediate action and make it illegal to cross the road while using a mobile phone. Those (23) _________ (catch) using phones, tablets or other electronic devices at crossing points could face a fine of up to $ 100.
Honolulu is the first major U. S. city to ban (24) _________ is called “distracted walking.” It comes after a study found there (25) _________ (be) more than 11,000 injuries in the United States resulting from phone-related distraction while walking in the past few years.
To explain the decision, mayor Kirk Caldwell said, “We hold the unfortunate honor of being a major city (26) _________ more pedestrians are hit in crosswalks than almost any other city in the country.”
Under the fine systems. (27) _________ breaks this law for the first time will get a fine of $15 to $35. People breaking the law for a second or third time will get a $99 fine.
The law, which is called the Distracted Walking Law, does permit an exception. Pedestrians (28) _________ use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.
If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid (29) _________ (fine) in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait (30) _________ you are again, safely, off the street.
21. to watch 22. because 23. caught 24. what 25. had been 26. where
27. whoever 28. can/may 29. being fined 30. until
闵行区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
A Brief History of Chopsticks.
We’ve discussed the story of knife and fork, but there’s another set of utensils(器皿) used by billions of people around the world—and it has a truly ancient past. The Chinese have been wielding chopsticks since at least 1200 B.C., and by A.D. 500 chopsticks____21____ (sweep) the Asian continent from Vietnam to Japan. From their humble beginnings____22____cooking utensils to paper-wrapped bamboo sets at the sushi counter, there's more to chopsticks than meets the eye.
Chopsticks____25____(develop) about 5000 years ago in China. The____24____(early) versions were probably twigs used to get food from cooking pots. When resources became scare, around 400 B. C. ,crafty chefs figured out ____25____ to conserve fuel by chopping food into smaller pieces that required less cooking fuel, and besides, it could be cooked more quickly. This new method of cooking made it unnecessary to have knives at the dinner table—a practice that also matched the non-violent teachings of Confucius (孔子)，____26____expressed in one of his numerous quotations:“ the honorable and upright man keeps well away from both the slaughterhouse(屠宰房) and the kitchen. And he allows no knives on his table.” As a vegetarian, he believed that knives’ sharp points evoked(诱发)violence____27____ (kill) the happy, contented mood that should reign during meals. Thanks in part to his teachings, chopstick use quickly became widespread throughout Asia.
Different cultures adopted different chopstick styles. Perhaps in a nod to Confucius, Chinese chopsticks featured a blunt rather than pointed end. In Japan, chopsticks were 8 inches long for men and 7 inches long for women. In 1878 the Japanese became the first____28____ (create) the now-ubiquitous disposable set, typically made of bamboo or wood. Wealthy diners could eat with ivory, jade, coral, brass or agate versions, while the most privileged used silver sets. It was believed that the silver would corrode and turn black ____29____ it came into contact with poisoned food.
Throughout history, chopsticks have enjoyed a symbiotic relationship with another staple of Asian cuisine: rice. At first glance, you'd think that rice wouldn't make the cut, but in Asia most rice is of the short- or medium-grain variety. The starches(淀粉质食品) in these rices create a cooked product that is gummy and clumpy, unlike the fluffy and distinct grains of Western long- grain rice. ____30____ chopsticks come together to lift steaming bundles of sticky rice, it's a match made in heaven.
21. had swept 22. as 23. Were developed 24. earliest 25. how
26. as 27. killing 28. to create 29. if/when 30. As/Because/Since
长宁区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The family who eats together
What’s the price of a family meal? For many families in the world’s wealthiest countries, the answer seems to be, ‘too much’. For instance, in the United States, (21) ______ is often a trendsetter in such things, the majority of families report eating a single meal together fewer than five days a week. In fact, the frequency of shared meals (22) ______ (decrease) in American families by 33 per cent over the last twenty years. The meals (23) ______ have shortened too: from an average of 90 minutes to just 12 minutes.
So perhaps we’re better off asking ourselves (24) ______ the cost of not eating together is. Once again, we could turn to the figures. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development has found that 15-year-olds who reported not regularly (25) ______ (share) family meals were twice as likely to be absent from school. In Europe, research has suggested that children who don’t eat dinner with their parents at least twice a week face a 40 per cent higher risk of fatness. Another study, (26) ______ (conduct) by the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse (滥用) at Columbia University, found that kids who eat dinner with their parents five or more times a week are (27) ______ (likely) to have problems with drugs and alcohol.
But those numbers, impressive (28) ______ they seem, may be beside the point. After all, having a meal together is more than just a preventive measure (29) ______ future misfortune. The primary cost of the family meal is also the very thing that makes it important: time.
The time spent together over food leads to all the positive outcomes that are measured in the studies. That time spent together has less noticeable—but no less real—effects too. So often, (30) ______ is at the family meal that the family as such—the family as an organic unit with shared memories and feelings and ambitions—is made.
21. which 22. has decreased 23. themselves 24. what 25. sharing
26. conducted 27. less likely 28. as 29. against 30. it
宝山区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
As entrepreneurs (创业者), we had a vision, we realized it, and now we (21) _____ (run) our own companies. But the dream can damage our "work-life balance."
When the success of the company rests on your shoulders, you've always got an excuse to put (22) _____ else on hold.
What I've learned (23) _____ (face) the demands of a start-up company and a young family over the past couple of decades is that sometimes the best way to solve the work-life balance problem is to think small. Make a handful of lifestyle corrections (24) _____, individually, may not sound all that exciting, but taken together, can prevent you from getting too tired.
Here's my list of life hacks that will help prevent exhaustion:
l Work from home one day a week
Few things give you a more grounded, in-control feeling than getting things done in your own space and at your own pace. Instead of leaving the office (25) _____ (clear) my head over a Starbucks coffee, I can fold the laundry, and cut back on evening housework.
Not to mention, working in pajamas is one of life's (26) _____(underestimate) pleasures.
l Pencil in time for exercise
It really bothered me (27) _____ with the demands of company and family, my tennis game was going down the drain. That may sound unimportant, but it wasn't to me, (28) _____ it was a meaningful part of my life outside of work. To get some balance back in my life, I rearranged my schedule. Two mornings a week, I woke up an hour (29) _____ (early) to work out with a tennis coach. If sports aren't your thing, try yoga or that hobby that you always loved but let go of after starting your business.
l Learn something new, outside the office
It can be draining to always be the person who's supposed to have the answers as a business leader. It's surprisingly liberating to be on the other side, (30) _____ (absorb) knowledge without the pressure to perform or to always be right.
21. are running 22.everything 23.facing 24.that 25.to clear 26.underestimated 27.that 28.because 29.earlier 30.absorbing
崇明区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Sneakers (运动鞋) Made from Old Chewing Gum
Dutch fashion and shoe label Explicit Wear is hoping to solve one of life’s sticky situations—the annoyance of stepping in waste chewing gum on the pavement—while helping to keep Amsterdam’s city streets clean. The brand has partnered with local marketing organization Iamsterdam and sustainability firm Gumdrop (21)_______(create) a limited edition sneaker for adults made from recycled gum collected from the city’s pavements.
Chewing gum causes an incredibly serious ecological problem, (22) _______it is made from plastics that do not biodegrade (生物降解). It’s also the second (23)_______ (common) form of roadside litter, after cigarette ends. An incredible 3.3 million pounds of gum are incorrectly thrown away on the sidewalks each year, (24)_______ (cost) the city millions of dollars to clean up. Gumdrop plans to collect waste gum from the streets of Amsterdam, clean them, and turn them into Gum-Tec, the material that forms the base of the shoe.
The waste gum will be put to good use to make stylish kicks, (25) _______will also raise awareness for the anti-littering cause. (26)_______ (price) at around $332, the shoes will come into the market sometime next month.
Available for preorder now, the new Gumshoe sneakers—offered in both a bubblegum pink and a black/red colorway—(27)_______ (feature) long-lasting rubber outsoles (鞋子外底) shaped from recyclable compounds produced by Gumdrop, 20 percent of which are made from gum.
Nearly 2.2 pounds of gum (28)_______ (use) in every four pairs of shoes. A map of Amsterdam is made into the bottom of the soles to remind people of the littering problem. Even better, the sneakers actually still smell like bubblegum, (29) _______ the annoying stickiness. Just as good as any sneaker with a rubber sole, the Gumshoes help get chewing gum off our streets and keep the dangerously non-biodegradable substance out of our eco-system.
To help spread their sustainability message, (30) _______Gumshoe’s creators are hoping to do is to expand their project to other major cities around the world.
21. to create 22. because / as / since 23. most common / commonest 24. costing
25. which 26. Priced 27. feature 28. is used 29. without 30. what
奉贤区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Plants Scream in the Face of Stress
For the first time, researchers appear to have evidence that like animals, those plants deprived of water or (21) ______(force) to endure bodily harm can let out their pain. The study, (22) ______ has yet to be published in a scientific Journal, adds another dimension to scientists (23) ______ (grow) understanding of how plants detect and interact with their surroundings.
In recent years, it has become very clear that plants are more sensitive than researchers (24) ______ (think). They respond when touched by insects and turn toward sources of light. “Plants are not just robotic stimulus-response devices,” said Frantisek Baluska of the University of Bonn in Germany. “They’re living organisms which have their own problems.”
Actually making their suffering hearable, however, is another matter entirely. (25) ______ (test) that possibility, a team led by Itzhak Khait, a plant scientist at Tel Aviv University in Israel, placed microphones capable of detecting ultrasonic frequencies (超声波频率) four inches from tomato and tobacco plants. The researcher then either stopped watering them or cut their stems.
Measuring in the range of 20 to 150 kilohertz (千赫), the researchers found that even happy, healthy plants made the occasional noise. But when cut, tobacco plants emitted (26) ______ average of 15 sounds within an hour of being cut, (27) ______ tomato plants produced 25 sounds.
(28) ______ researchers aren't yet sure how plants produce these sounds, Khait and his colleagues proposed one possibility in their paper (29) ______ as water travels through the plants' tubes, air bubbles will form and explode, producing small vibrations.
All this “screaming” caused by stress wasn’t in a range detectable by human ears. But organisms that can hear ultrasonic frequencies--like mice, bats or perhaps other plants--(30) ______ possibly hear the plants cries from as far away as 15 feet.
21.forced 22. which 23. growing 24. thought 25. To test
26.an 27. while 28. Although/While/Though 29. that
30. could/can
虹口区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
How Can You Look Your Best in Photos?
Have you ever seen a picture of yourself and felt embarrassed by what you saw? Actually, it’s really all (21) __________ (tie) to how we respond to the camera. With the following tips, you’re sure to look your best.
No. 1 Study Photos of Yourself
The first step in simple: learn from the past. You need to know how you look in photos before you can improve. Gather some old pictures together, (22) __________ __________ they make you ashamed a little. Now look over how your body is placed in the pictures and think for a while. (23) __________ (analyze) all these old photos, you can find a few natural poses you can use in the future.
No. 2 Practice in Front of a Mirror
Now that what works for you in photos (24) __________ (figure) out, start using what you’ve learned from your old pictures, practicing in front of mirror. Work on your favorites and you’ll be able to mentally pick out a pose in the future - (25) __________ a mirror.
One thing that goes great with a nice pose is a matching smile, so try out several smile until you find one that fits. You should consider (26) __________ a closed or an open - mouthed smile looks better.
No. 3 Say “Money”
We’re used to saying “Cheese”, but this only creates a fake smile. Abandon the cheese and try out the word “Money” instead. The ending ‘ey’ is the very sound (27) __________ forces the corners of your mouth upward and creates a fold around your eyes. The result is a more natural, realistic smile. Another great trick to prevent a too-wide smile (28) __________ (happen) is placing your tongue on the back of your front teeth.
No. 4 Choose the Right Lighting
Getting some sunny photos on a bright day makes you look good a pictures. But in reality, the sun can often create unpleasant shadows that are (29) __________ but attractive.
Standing right under an indoor light will have the same effect as the sun, which is also worthy (30) __________ (mention), story a source of natural light instead, such as a window.
21. tied 22. even if / even though 23. Having analyzed 24. has been figured
25. without 26. whether 27. that 28. happening 29. anything 30. to be mentioned
黄浦区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Lego wants your old Legos back
If you have a box of old Lego bricks sitting unused in a garage,Lego now wants them back. In a new program, consumers in the U.S.can dump old bricks in a box,print a free shipping label,and send them off to Give Back Box,a social enterprise(21)______ will clean the toys and repackage them for Teach for America and the Boys and Girls Club of Boston.
"The classic Lego brick is made from a tough material (22)______ (call)ABS,and the toys can be played with for decades without breaking. It's already fairly common, of course,that Legos (23)______ (hand)down from one child to another."says Tim Brooks,vice president of corporate responsibility at Lego Group.
The company looked for a partner that could process the used toys while (24)______ (maintain)Lego's standard of quality.“We want to make sure that all kids are getting a great experience,"he says."You shouldn't get a really inferior experience (25)______ the bricks are donated. "If the program goes well, Brooks says,it (26)______ expand.
He sees it(27)______ one version of the circular economy,a system of keeping materials in use-and argues that the toys themselves illustrate the idea of the circular economy."You can build a rocket and then you can take (28)______ apart and build a ship,or a car,or a house,or (29)______ you like,"Brooks says.As toys are reused, that's another circular system“We intend(30)______ (show)that great quality toys like Lego can be used in lots of repeating circles-used,reused,donated,used,reused, donated."
21.that/which 22. called 23. are handed 24. maintaining 26. may/might
27.as 28.it/that 29. whatever 25. although/ because 30. to show
浦东新区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Green Spring Renews Life’s Promise
For me, two of the loveliest words in the English language are “Life persists”. I came across them years ago as a college freshman, sitting in the library on a beautiful spring day, bored, working on a history paper, I don’t recall (21) _________ I was researching into. Out of nowhere, those two words came (22) _________ (dance) off the page in a quote by Gandhi, “In the midst of death life persists, in the midst of untruth truth persists, in the midst of darkness light persists.”
After those words (23) _________ (read) again a dozen times, suddenly I was no longer bored. Outside in the sunshine, I kicked off my shoes and danced barefoot across a spring-green lawn.
I love spring. And this year, I was especially hungry to see it. Flying home last weekend to Las Vegas, after 10 days in California, I looked down on hills that were so green that I (24) _________ almost taste them. When I approached Vegas, the green turned a dull desert brown. We landed after sunset, and the only green to be seen was neon（霓虹灯）.
But the next morning, to my surprise, I (25) _________ (awake) to find signs of spring all over my yard. (26) _________ my absence, all sorts of things had leafed and bloomed. Three days later, I drove to Arizona to visit a friend and get yet another taste of spring seeing the Giants play the A’s in spring training. The drive across the desert was completely great, a variety of wildflowers and blooming cactuses.
Sometimes we need the chance (27) _________ (remind) that we’re still alive. After my husband died, a friend sent me a card which read: “Just (28) _________ you think you will never smile again, life comes back.”
Life persists, and so do (29) _________ in the green of spring and the dead of winter, in the birth of a child and the passing of a loved one; in the words we leave behind and the hearts of those (30) _________ will remember us. Spring reminds us that we’re alive forever.
21. what 22.dancing 23.were read24.could25.awoke/was awoken
26.In/During27.to be reminded 28.when/as29.we30.who
松江区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
After graduation, Susan was asked to become the executive director of the Floating Hospital. She hesitated at first, as it was a demanding job and she wondered whether she could handle it. But on second thoughts, she agreed to take the job. (21)________ this job turned out rewarding. she soon got tired of it. (22)__________ (seat) at her desk one day, she wanted to go down to the New School for Social Research all of a sudden. Since she always believed instinct was an advantage she (23)_______ trust, she decided to have a go.
Without any plan, she titled the course 'Feel the Fear and Do It Anyway', Susan was nervous as she faced the first session of the twelve-week course. The two hours went on smoothly, but she then (24)_______ (challenge) with a new fear, for she didn't know what to present the next week. But surprisingly, every week she found she had more to say. Her confidence level growing, she realized. she had equipped (25)________ so much over the years about getting over fear and her students were drinking it up. At the end of the course. they were amazed at (26)_______ shifting their thinking really changed their lives.
Susan eventually decided to write a book based on the course she had taught. She faced many obstacles. And after (27)________(reject) by four agents and various publishers. she unwillingly put the proposal in a drawer.
One day after three years of writing. she went through the drawer (28)______ she held her much-rejected book proposal. Picking it up. she had a sharp sense that she held something in her hands many people needed to read. She set out with much determination, therefore. (29)_______(find) a publisher who believed in her book the same way she did. This time, she succeeded. She succeeded beyond her wildest dreams.
She was so happy that she followed her heart and never gave up overcoming fears which stood (30)__________ her way.
21-25 While / Though/ Although: Seated: could / should: was challenged: herself
26-30 low: being rejected: where: to find: in
徐汇区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Discovering a Lost Brother
Kieron Graham always knew he had an elder brother named Vincent. His adoption papers, (21) _______ (sign) when he was three months old, listed a brother named Vincent but no last name. Though Kieron spent years thinking about Vincent, he could never track him down.
That changed in December 2017, when Kieron’s adoptive parents gave him an DNA test as a Christmas gift. When his results came back, he was surprised (22) _______ (find) he had a lot of DNA matches for relatives who had also taken the test. Most were distant connections, but one match was so strong that it (23) _______ (label) “close family.” His name was Vincent Ghant. Kieron looked for him on Facebook and soon made a possible connection.
When they connected, it was (24) _______ _______ they had known each other their whole lives. As they talked, the brothers realized they lived about 20 minutes from each other. (25) _______(surprisingly), they attended the same university and majored and minored in the same subjects.
Vincent was nine when Kieron was born and remembers caring for his baby brother. But times were tough, and Shawn, who worked 15-plus hours a day as a nurse, decided that (26) _______(place) Kieron for adoption would give him the best chance to succeed.
“She was very emotional about that time, to the point (27) _______ it was hard for her to put into words anything about what happened,” Vincent says.
Now the brothers had the chance to make up for lost time. They decided to meet at a local tea shop that week. One of Vincent’s concerns was that Kieron (28) _______ hate his birth family for placing him for adoption. He was relieved Kieron didn’t, and (29) _______ he’d grown up in a loving family. After that first meeting, the brothers played football together and celebrated Christmas with their families. “We’ll keep growing our relationship (30) _______ it’s time to leave this planet,” says Vincent. That shouldn’t be hard. As Kieron says, “We’ve got years and years to catch up on.”
21. signed 22. to find 23. was labeled/labelled 24. as if/though
25. More surprisingly 26. placing 27. where 28. might
29. that 30. until/till
杨浦区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
A Taste of War—Foods That Were Created During War
The saying “an army marches on its stomach” tells the importance of giving soldiers tasty, nutritious foods. In some cases, foods that (21) ________ (create) for soldiers or during times of war became popular in homes as well.
Today, Fanta is a famous soda, but its beginnings were humble. The soft drink was invented in Germany to take the place of Coca Cola. When World War II began, the Coca-Cola Company’s German branch (22) ________ no longer receive the syrup（糖浆） used to produce the soft drink from the United States. Thus, it created a new drink to satisfy the market and called it Fanta, short for “fantastic” (23) ________ German.
The beginnings of war-time foods in Asia are interesting, too. (24) ________ curry（咖喱） had already existed in India, it was introduced into Japan via Britain for the purpose of restoring sailors’ health. As the story goes, the Japanese navy initially promised unlimited amounts of white rice, (25) ________ was considered a high-status food in Japan, as a way to attract newcomers. The problem was that white rice lacked the vital vitamin B1, and thousands of sailors fell ill after eating rice alone. (26) ________ (observe) the British navy’s standard meal of curry, which contained vitamin B1-rich meat and flour, the Japanese navy began to serve its sailors the same. The curry was so tasty that it soon (27) ________ (spread) across Japan.
The Korean War gave birth to budae jigae, or “army stew” in Korean. It was first made in US military bases near Seoul, using (28) ________ ingredients were available, since food was scarce. The tasty stew typically (29) ________ (consist) of some kind of precooked meat such as ham, American cheese and instant noodles soon caught on.
Many foods were invented at times of conflict to keep soldiers healthy. Fortunately, some of those foods still exist to keep (30) ________ happy and satisfied.
21. had been created/were created 22. could 23. in 24. Although/Though/While 25. which 26. Observing/ Having observed 27. spread/was spread 28. what(ever) 29. consisting 30. everyone/us
嘉定区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Long-term low self-esteem can cause depression
Low self-esteem makes us feel bad about ourselves. But did you know that over time it also can cause the development of serious mental conditions such as depression?
Self-esteem is, very simply, he set of feelings you have about yourself. It’s developed by your experiences, thoughts, feelings, and relationships. (21) ________ self-knowledge, which refers to how much you know about yourself, self-esteem is formed around whether you like yourself or not. Depression is much more than just feeling sad. It drains your energy and makes everyday activities difficult.
Doctors use low self-esteem as one possible symptom (22) ________ they diagnose the mental condition of major depressive disorder. They don’t necessarily care (23) ________ low self-esteem causes the depression or vice versa. However, personality researchers have long wondered about the chicken-and-egg problem of self-esteem and depression. Certainly, if you dislike yourself, you’ll be more likely (24) ________ (depress). On the other hand, if you’re depressed, you’ll be more likely to feel bad about yourself. The only way that (25) ________ (employ) to explore the highly related concepts of self-esteem and depression is through continuous research, (26) ________ ________ people are followed up over time.
A study on depression conducted by University of Basel researchers Julia Sowislo and Ulrich Orth, (27) ________ (contrast) the competing directions of self-esteem to depression vs depression to self-esteem. The findings have revealed that over time low self-esteem is a risk factor for depression, regardless of who is tested and how. The study indicates that low self-esteem causes depression (28) ________ not vice versa.
Therefore, if a person has low self-esteem, there’s a (29) ________ (great) risk of developing depression. This is a very important discovery because it shows that (30) ________ (improve) a person’s self-esteem can make him or her feel better.
21.Unlike22.when23.whether24.to be depressed25.is employed
26.in which27.contrasted28.but29.greater30.improving
青浦区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Luxembourg makes all public transport free
One square meter Luxembourg makes all public transport free. With a population of 602,000, Luxembourg is one of Europe’s (21)________ (small) countries — yet it suffers from major traffic jams. But that could be about to change. As of March 1, 2020 all public transport — trains, trams and buses — in the country is now free. The government hopes the move (22)________ (ease) heavy crowding and bring environmental benefits.
Tiny country, big traffic (23)________ (landlock) Luxembourg which is surrounded by three countries is one of the richest countries in Europe. (24)________ (take) up 2,586 square kilometers, Luxembourg is roughly the size of Rhode Island. From the capital of Luxembourg City, Belgium, France and Germany (25)________ all be reached by car in half an hour.
High housing costs, especially in Luxembourg City, mean more than 180,000 of the country’s workforce make regular journeys from those neighboring countries every day. Luxembourg is a very attractive place for jobs. But (26)________“booming economy” and high concentration of jobs have led to crowding issues.
In 2016, Luxembourg had 662 cars per 1,000 people, and driving is a “primary means of transportation” for people. That year, drivers in Luxembourg City spent an average of 33 hours in traffic jams. It fared worse than European cities Copenhagen and Helsinki, (27) ________ have comparable population sizes to all of Luxembourg — yet drivers in both only spent an average of 24 hours in traffic. Park and rides around Luxembourg’s borders in the three neighboring countries, however, will encourage commuters to use free mass transit.
Free transport for all Luxembourg’s public transport system covers the whole country and costs $562 million per year to run. The government is putting up the cost of it free so that the people can benefit from the good economy. People still hold the concern (28) ________ making transport free may unintentionally prevent people who would normally walk or cycle in urban areas. (29)________ a bus coming and they say, “We can get on and travel 500 meters (30) ________walking 500 meters, people see it’s free”. However, the new scheme can signal important changes ahead when it comes to Luxembourg’s reliance on driving.
The government might say, “It’s important that you throw away your car, and look, we made public transport free” — and maybe this is helpful given the enormous cultural shift we need.”
21.smallest 22. will ease 23. Landlocked 24. Taking 25. can
26. its 27. which 28. that 29. Instead of 30. because/as/since
普陀区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Messages from the Deep
You might consider writing a note, putting it in a bottle, and throwing it into the ocean. People (21)_______ (do) that for centuries, for these and all kinds of reasons. Some messages have made remarkable journeys in bottles through the ages, like the current titleholder for the world’s oldest seafaring note. This one was dropped from a German ship into the Indian Ocean in June 1886, only (22)_______ (discover) in 2018 by a woman walking with a friend on a remote beach in Western Australia.
When the note dried, the woman discovered that the message contained the day when it was written, the exact place (23)_______ which it was sent, and who wrote it. (24)_______ it turns out, the bottle was dropped by the captain of a German ship who was investigating ocean and trade routes. He wanted to see where the bottle would end up, so the note asked (25)_______ was reading it to contact the nearest German officials.
Amazingly, researchers were able to identify the note (26)_______ they found the captain’s original journal from 1886. One of the entries mentioned a drift bottle (27)_______ (throw) overboard on the very same date, from the exact same site as detailed in the note, and even the handwriting matched!
But the captain wasn’t the first person interested in finding out where a bottled message might end up. In fact, the first known message in a bottle (28)_______ (launch) with the same intention. Around 310 BCE, the Greek philosopher Theophrastus dropped several sealed bottles into the Aegean Sea, (29)_______ (hope) to prove that the Mediterranean Sea was connected to the Atlantic Ocean. But (30)_______ is uncertain whether the bottles he dropped ever made their way to the Atlantic.
21.have been doing / have done 22.to be discovered 23. from/ at 24. As 25. whoever
26.when/as/since/because/after
27.being thrown/ thrown/had been thrown/was thrown
28.was launched 29. hoping 30. it
静安区
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The Shop Where It’s OK to Be Different
When Angela Makey knew her autistic (患自闭症的) son Adam wanted to open a comic shop, she laughed out loud. She knew he’d been keen on comics since childhood. But how would he deal with customers and suppliers and all the other jobs (21) ______ are necessary for running a business?
At that time, Adam was looking for a job. He had a degree in philosophy and had learned to live independently, but there didn’t seem to be any suitable jobs for him. The family (22)______ (hope) he and his younger brother Guy, also with autism, could find work that matched their strengths: reliability, punctuality and attention to detail. But there were no available opportunities.
So the “laughable” comic shop idea began to grow on Angela. Eventually, she used her savings to buy a shop in Cambridgeshire, and seven years ago Niche Comics (23)______ (bear).
Like many autistic people, Adam loves comics for their world of rich detail and visual expression. He developed an interest in Marvel comic heroes on TV (24)______ he was seven years old. “They are a reminder (25)______ it’s OK not to be like everyone else,” Adam said. He’s now 30, and comics and their heroes are still part of his life.
In the comic shop, the brothers share their encyclopedic (渊博的) knowledge of comics with customers. The brothers act as guides in this universe, (26)______ (introduce) customers to new comics.
The shop attracts many autistic customers. And being autistic (27)______ turns out to be a big help for the brothers to deal with customers. They are good at (28)______ (spot) the customers’ needs and feelings. “Maybe it’s the tone of the voice, the motion of a hand — small details that most people won’t pick up on — that I might have insight (深刻理解) into,” says Guy.
Of course, the majority of customers who come to the shop are not autistic. Now the brothers get a steady stream of customers who are, both male and female, (29)______ young children to retired people. Once the shop had established itself, the brothers also began reaching out to people with autism beyond the shop.
Seven years on, Angela is glad she took the risk of helping her sons (30)______ (create) their dream shop. “This shop has a soul,” the mother says proudly.
21. that 22. had hoped 23. was born 24. when 25. that
26. introducing 27. themselves 28. spotting 29. from 30. (to) create
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