2022年中考英语时事热点话题题型专练 33 加强作物种质资源保护利用 为现代研制农业“芯片”

这是一份2022年中考英语时事热点话题题型专练 33 加强作物种质资源保护利用 为现代研制农业“芯片”，共26页。试卷主要包含了完型填空，阅读单选，短文首字母填空，多任务混合阅读等内容，欢迎下载使用。

背景事件：2021年中央一号文件强调：“农业现代化，种子是基础”“加强农业种质资源保护开发利用”“打好种业翻身仗”。
人民日报2021-10-09相关文章（作者：刘旭）摘要
种质资源是指携带生物遗传信息且具有实际或潜在利用价值的载体。如古老的地方品种、新培育的推广品种、国外引进材料、重要的遗传材料以及野生近缘种，都属于种质资源。
作物种质资源是重要的生物资源，也是农业科学原始创新、种业振兴和生物技术及产业发展的源头与源泉，是实现农业可持续发展，保障国家粮食安全、生态安全和能源安全的战略性资源。近年来，随着《生物多样性公约》《粮食和农业植物遗传资源国际条约》等相继实施和生物技术及其产业迅猛发展，世界各国更加认识到种质资源的战略地位，纷纷加强收集和保护工作。
党中央、国务院十分重视作物种质资源保护与利用。2021年中央一号文件强调：“农业现代化，种子是基础”“加强农业种质资源保护开发利用”“打好种业翻身仗”。
图片来源：视觉中国
一、完型填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
A cmpany in the United States nce decided that it wuld ffer lts f mney t anyne wh culd find a white marigld（金盏花）. Mst mariglds are either glden r brwn. It is very hard t find a 1 ne.
Twenty years later, the cmpany received a 2 frm an ld wman. She sent 100 white marigld seeds（种子）alng with the letter.
The wman was a fan f 3 . When she first heard the cmpany’s ntice 20 years ag, she gt very 4 . She thught she culd grw her wn white mariglds. But her children didn’t believe her. She knew 5 abut seed genetics（遗传学）after all. Her dream f grwing white mariglds might be just a dream.
Still, she 6 t make it happen. She planted sme cmmn marigld seeds and 7 them. A year later, when the plants prduced flwers, she chse ne f the faintest（颜色淡）and tk its seeds. She planted these seeds and waited anther year fr them t pen. Year after year, her 8 changed. Her husband died, her children mved away, and many things happened. 9 , her dream t grw white mariglds stayed strng in her heart.
Finally, after 20 years, she went ut t her 10 and fund a marigld that was nt just white—it was as white as the purest snw!
1．A．whiteB．gldenC．brwn
2．A．phneB．letterC．ticket
3．A．flwersB．treesC．grasses
4．A．surprisedB．wrriedC．excited
5．A．smethingB．nthingC．everything
6．A．wrkedB．helpedC．asked
7．A．made friends withB．kept away frmC．tk care f
8．A．tasteB．lifeC．habit
9．A．SB．AlsC．Hwever
10．A．gardenB．fficeC．cmpany
【答案】
1-5． ABACB
6-10．ACBCA
【分析】
美国一个公司重金悬赏找到白色金盏花的人，女人用20年的时间培育出了白色金盏花。
1．句意：很难找到白色的。
white白色的；glden金色的；brwn棕色的。根据“A cmpany in the United States nce decided that it wuld ffer lts f mney t anyne wh culd find a white marigld（金盏花）.”可知，白色的金盏花是很少的，所以悬赏寻找。故选A。
2．句意：二十年以后，公司收到一封来自老妇人的信。
phne电话；letter信件；ticket票。根据“She sent 100 white marigld seeds（种子）alng with the letter.”可知，公司收到来自老妇人的信。故选B。
3．句意：女人是花迷。
flwers花；trees树；grasses草。根据“She thught she culd grw her wn white mariglds. But her children didn’t believe her.”可推测女人非常喜欢花，是花迷。故选A。
4．句意：二十年前，当她第一次听说公司的通知时，她非常兴奋。
surprised惊讶的；wrried担忧的；excited兴奋的。根据“The wman was a fan f flwers.”可推测一个花迷听说悬赏找白色金盏花，应该是兴奋的。故选C。
5．句意：毕竟她一点不懂种子遗传学。
smething某事；nthing没事；everything每件事。根据“But her children didn’t believe her. ”可知，她的孩子不相信她是因为她不懂遗传学。故选B。
6．句意：尽管如此，她还是努力实现了这一点。
wrked工作；helped帮助；asked询问。根据“ She sent 100 white marigld seeds（种子）alng with the letter.”可知女人成功了，用自己的努力工作实现了。故选A。
7．句意：她种了一些普通的金盏花种子，照顾它们。
made friends with交朋友；kept away frm远离；tk care f照顾。根据“A year later, when the plants prduced flwers, she chse ne f the faintest（颜色淡）and tk its seeds.”可知女人照顾金盏花长大。故选C。
8．句意：年复一年，她的生活改变了。
taste品味；life生活；habit习惯。根据“Her husband died, her children mved away, and many things happened.”可知女人的生活改变了，丈夫去世，孩子搬走。故选B。
9．句意：然而，她那种白色金盏花的梦想一直在她心中根深蒂固。
S因此；Als也；Hwever然而。此空修饰整个句子，且表转折。故选C。
10．句意：终于，20年后，她来到自己的花园，发现了一朵金盏花，它不仅是白色的——它的白就像最纯净的雪一样！
garden花园；ffice办公；cmpany公司。根据“... fund a marigld that was nt just white—it was as white as the purest snw!”可知，女人的金盏花应该种在花园里。故选A。
二、阅读单选
A
Yuan Lngping, Father f Hybrid Rice(杂交水稻), wh changes the wrld with ne seed (种子). He was brn n September 7th, 1930, in Beijing. He graduated frm Suthwest Agriculture Cllege in 1953. He gt married t Deng Zhe in February, 1964. He passed away (逝世) n May 22nd, 2021. He wn a number f awards in his lifetime, mre than 11 internatinal awards.
Althugh he was ne f China's mst famus scientists, Yuan Lngping lked n himself as a farmer, fr he wrked the land t d his research. Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strng bdy were just like thse f millins f Chinese farmers, fr whm he struggled till his death.

He desn’t care abut being rich r famus, leading a simple life fr all his life, dnating large amunt f mney t equip(装备) thers fr their research in agriculture(农业).

At the same time, he left a lt f great and inspiratinal(富有启发性的) wrds t encurage us t build up urselves and d ur part t better the wrld.
11．What des the wrd “Agriculture” mean?
A．文化B．农业C．工业D．艺术
12．Hw ld is Yuan Lngping this year?
A．86 years ld.B．89 years ld.C．91 years ld.D．95 years ld.
13．What des Yuan Lngping d?
A．A farmer.B．An artist.C．A dctr.D．A scientist.
14．What kind f life did he live fr all his life?
A．A simple life.B．A rich life.C．A pr life.D．A relaxing life.
【答案】
11-14．BCDA
【分析】
本文主要讲述杂交水稻之父袁隆平的一生。包括生日、获得大量的奖项、生活以及他的精神鼓舞着我们。
11．词义猜测题。根据“Yuan Lngping, Father f Hybrid he was ne f China's mst famus scientists, Yuan Lngping lked n himself as a farmer”可知，他一生都在研究杂交水稻，所以可推知他毕业于西南农业大学，故选B。
12．推理判断题。根据“He was brn n September 7th, 1930, in Beijing”可知，他生于1930年9月7日，所以今年他91岁，故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据“Althugh he was ne f China's mst famus scientists, Yuan Lngping lked n himself as a farmer”可知，他是一位科学家，故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据“He desn’t care abut being rich r famus, leading a simple life fr all his life”可知，他的一生都过着简朴的生活，故选A。

B
One year, a cllege in the United States annunced that it wuld ffer a lt f mney fr the pure(纯的) white marigld(金盏花). A great number f peple gt interested, but in the nature, besides glden, the marigld is brwn. It is nt easy t get the white ne. S after they were excited fr sme time, many peple frgt the annuncement.
One nrmal day after 20 years, the cllege received a letter and 100 seeds f pure white marigld. It was frm an ld wman f ver 70 years ld. Sme experts in the cllege dubted it, but nt let her dwn, thse seeds finally tk rt(根) in the earth. After ne year, the field was cvered by pure white mariglds. Therefre, the ld wman wh was always unknwn t public became a new hit.
The ld wman was a flwer-lver. When she read the annuncement 20 years ag, she gt very excited like thers. But her eight children were ttally against her decisin. After all, a wman wh never knew the seed genetics(遗传学) culdn’t cmplete what the experts culd never d, s her thught was nly a day dream.
Still, the ld wman didn’t change her mind and went n wrking. She planted sme f the mst cmmn seeds and tk gd care f them. A year later, when the mariglds came ut, she chse the fainest(最暗淡的) ne frm thse glden and brwn flwers and gt the best seeds. The next year, she again grew them and chse. Day after day, year after year, thrugh many seasns, the ld wman’s husband died, her children flew far, a lt f things happened in her life, but nly the wish t grw the pure white marigld tk rt in her heart.
Finally, after 20 years n the day we all knw, in the garden she saw a marigld, which was as white as silver r snw.
A prblem even experts culdn’t deal with was slved by an ld wman wh didn’t understand genetics. Was it a miracle(奇迹) ?
T take rt in the heart, even the mst cmmn seed can grw int a miracle!
15．Accrding t the passage, a ________ marigld is unusual.
A．whiteB．purpleC．brwnD．glden
16．The underlined wrd “hit” in Paragraph 2 is clsest in meaning t ________.
A．starB．tpicC．fcusD．figure
17．It can be learned frm the passage that ________.
A．the children didn’t agree n their mther’s decisinB．the wman needed the great reward fr her big family
C．the experts als succeeded in grwing the white marigldD．the wman tk gd care f the flwers instead f her family
18．The wman successfully grew the white marigld at last because she ________.
A．was luckier than expertsB．put her heart int flwers
C．gt supprt frm her familyD．studied the seed genetics well
19．What culd be the best title fr the passage?
A．Hw t Grw White MarigldB．Flwer Seeds
C．Genetics Desn’t MatterD．A Miracle f the White Marigld
【答案】
15-19．ACABD
【分析】
文章主要介绍了关于金盏花的故事，通过一个老妇人经过二十年的努力终于种出了白色的金盏花，从这个故事中我们领悟到坚持梦想的重要性。
15．细节理解题。根据“but in the nature, besides glden, the marigld is brwn. It is nt easy t get the white ne”可知，白色的是不寻常的，故选A。
16．词义猜测题。恩据“After ne year, the field was cvered by pure white mariglds. Therefre, the ld wman wh was always unknwn t public became a new hit”可知，白色金盏花很不同寻常，而这位夫人种出了白色金盏花，她成为了焦点，所以“hit”与“fcus”同义，故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据“But her eight children were ttally against her decisin”可知，她的八个孩子完全反对她的决定，故选A。
18．细节理解题。根据“T take rt in the heart, even the mst cmmn seed can grw int a miracle”可知，这位妇女终于成功地种出了白色的金盏花，因为她用心了，故选B。
19．最佳标题。根据“T take rt in the heart, even the mst cmmn seed can grw int a miracle”及全文的描述可知，本文通过“白色金盏花”的故事，告诉我们坚持梦想的重要性，故选D。

C
What will astrnauts(宇航员)eat when a space trip takes years?
“Lts f fresh vegetables,” says Dr. Janet Williams, whse team have spent the last 10 years learning hw t grw plants in a space statin. And it’s a gd thing that she has already started her wrk, because space gardening can be really hard.
As usual, astrnaut Gerge White lked int the clsed plant rm. He had planted Dr. Williams’s quick-grwing seedlings(幼苗) in it, but nne f the stems(茎)were shwing. He pened the rm t check and fund the prblem. The stems weren’t grwing upward and the rts weren’t grwing dwnward. On Earth, gravity(重力)helps a plant’s stems and rts t find “up” and “dwn”. Hwever, in the space statin, there was almst n gravity.
Dr. Williams suggested a slutin: give the plants mre light, as plants als use sunlight t find their way. And it wrked. When the plants had mre light, the stems turned up and the rts went dwn.
Nw Dr. Williams was free t wrry abut the next prblem: Wuld her baby plants live t flwer? Can we grw fd n a space jurney?
Many plants died in the space statin. Dr. Williams thught she knew why: the space plants were hungry fr air. Plants live by taking up CO2 frm the air. Since a plant uses it up in the air arund, the plant needs mving air t bring mre CO2 clse t its surface! On Earth, the air is always mving. Gravity pulls dwn cld air, and warm air rises. And with these air mvements, plants get enugh CO2.
Many earlier experiments with plants in space had used clsed rms. Dr. Williams tried a new greenhuse that had a fan t keep the air mve. The plants lved it. They flwered and even prduced mre seeds. Using Dr. Wiliams’s methd, astrnaut Gerge cmpleted the fist seed-t-seed experiment in space, and mved ne plant clser t a garden in space. “And this,” says Dr. Williams, “is gd news fr lng-term space travel.”
20．Why have Dr. Williams’s team tried t grw plants in space?
A．T prduce fresh air fr astrnauts.B．T help astrnauts relax themselves.
C．T prvide fd fr lng space jurneys.D．T make the space garden mre beautiful.
21．Hw did light help slve the prblem mentined in Paragraph 3?
A．It caused the gravity t change.
B．It encuraged the plants t grw faster and faster.
C．It helped the plants t grw in the right directin.
D．It shwed the astrnauts where t plant vegetables.
22．Why did many plants die in the space statin?
A．The light was t strng.B．There was t much CO2.
C．There was nt enugh rm t grw.D．The air cnditin was nt gd enugh.
23．The underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 7 refers t(指)
A．the mving airB．the clsed rmC．the space jurneyD．the space garden
【答案】
20-23．CCDA
【分析】
当太空旅行需要几年的时间时，宇航员吃什么？短文主要介绍了宇航员怎么在太空站种植植物。
20．细节理解题。根据开头的提问“What will astrnauts(宇航员)eat when a space trip takes years?”及“whse team have spent the last 10 years learning hw t grw plants in a space statin”可知威廉姆斯博士的团队是为了提供食物而在太空种植植物，故选C。
21．细节理解题。第三段的问题是植物的根茎找不到自己生长的方向，根据第四段中“it wrked. When the plants had mre light, the stems turned up and the rts went dwn”可知光帮助植物向正确方向生长，故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据“Dr. Williams thught she knew why: the space plants were hungry fr air”及后文可知空气条件不够好，故选D。
23．词义猜测题。根据“Dr. Williams tried a new greenhuse that had a fan t keep the air mve”可知威廉姆斯博士装上电扇使空气流动，植物喜欢这种流动的空气，所以it指代the mving air，故选A。
D
The Rice is Ripe, Mm
written by Yuan Lngping
translated by Zhang Baihua
I had a dream
That was buried in sil
I was cnvinced it wuld be different
Because the sun wuld bring rays f hpe
And the rain wuld nurish the сrp
As the seed grws up the dream cmes true
I had a dream
In which I saw myself walking n the ridge f a rice field
With my super-hybrid rice plants as high as myself
And then with my dearest friend
I was resting under these panicles
Mm, nw I cme t see yu
T let yu see
That the very seed yu planted in my heart with yur wn hand
Has grwn up in my dreamland
Mini-dictinary:
ripe adj.成熟的 seed n.种子
ridge n.田埂 super-hybrid rice plants n.超级杂交稻
24．This passage is mainly abut ________.
A．dreamB．seedsC．friendshipD．mther
25．Which grup f the fllwing wrds desn’t rhyme with each ther?
A．hpe; crpB．field; friendC．sil; differentD．hand; dreamland
26．What d we learn frm the pem?
A．Sunshine harms the crps.B．Mum tld Yuan t g after his dream.
C．Hybrid rice plant desn’t need t much water.D．Mum taught Yuan hw t grw hybrid rice plants.
【答案】
24-26．ACB
【分析】
本文是袁隆平院士写的一首诗《妈妈，稻子熟了》。
24．细节理解题。根据“I had a dream...”可知，本文主要是关于梦想。故选A。
25．推理判断题。A选项中hpe和crp押韵在p；B选项中field和friend押韵在d；C选项不押韵；D选项中hand和dreamland押韵在d。故选C。
26．推理判断题。根据最后两句“That the very seed yu planted in my heart with yur wn hand Has grwn up in my dreamland”可知，是妈妈在作者的心中埋下了希望的种子，所以推断，妈妈鼓励他去追寻自己的梦想。故选B。
E
The Brightest Star in the Sky
Yuan Lngping is ne f the mst famus scientists. He regards himself as a farmer because he ds his research in the fields. In fact, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strng bdy are just like thse f millins f farmers. Dr. Yuan Lngping grws what is called super hybrid（杂交性的）rice. In 1974,he became the first agricultural（农业的）pineer in the wrd t grw rice hat has a high utput（产量）.This special rice makes it pssible t prduce ne﹣third mre f the crp in the same fields. Nw mre than 60% f the rice prduced in China each year is frm the hybrid rice strain（品种，种类）.He was brn in Beijing in 1930. Since he graduated frm Suthwest Agricultural Cllege in 1953. Finding ways t grw mre rice has been his life gal. He searched fr a way t increase rice harvests withut expanding（扩大，增加）the area f the fields.
In a recent research，these increased harvests mean that 22% f the wrld's peple are fed frm just 7% f the farmland in China. India, Vietnam and many ther less develped cuntries have planted super hybrid rice t increase their rice harvests.
Unluckily, he died n May 22, 2021. Thugh he was ill in bed, he still cared abut his rice in the fields. He always said, "A man is just like a seed. Please be a gd seed." Yuan wrks fr the peple nt nly in China but als arund the wrld. He has becme a her and is remembered in everyne's heart frever. He is called "the brightest star in the sky" by his students.
27．What des Yuan Lngping d?
A．A farmer.B．A pineer.C．A scientist.D．A her.
28．Why des Yuan Lngping call himself a farmer?
A．Because f his sunburnt face and arms.
B．Because f his wrking place in the fields.
C．Because f his slim and strng bdy.
D．Because f his research f super hybrid wheat.
29．Yuan Lngping was ________ years ld when he became the first agricultural pineer in the wrld.
A．68B．91C．44D．89
30．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A．This special rice can prduce abut ne third mre than usual nes in the same fields.
B．60% f the rice utput is frm cmmn strains.
C．7% f the wrld's peple are fed by China.
D．The prductin frm 22% f the farmland can't satisfy the need f China.
31．What can we learn frm him?
A．Practice makes perfect.
B．When in Rme, d as the Rmans d.
C．The early bird catches the wrm.
D．Where there is a will, there is a way.
【答案】
27-31．CBCAD
【分析】
本文介绍了中国著名的科学家袁隆平的生平经历以及他所做的贡献。
27．细节理解题。根据“Yuan Lngping is ne f the mst famus scientists.”可知，袁隆平是一名科学家，故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据“He regards himself as a farmer because he ds his research in the fields.”可知，袁隆平认为自己是一个农民，因为他在田间做研究，故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据“In 1974,he became the first agricultural（农业的）pineer in the wrd t grw rice hat has a high utput（产量）.”和“He was brn in Beijing in 1930.”可知，袁隆平在1930年出生，在1974年，他成为世界上第一个农业先驱，因此他当时是44岁，故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据“This special rice makes it pssible t prduce ne﹣third mre f the crp in the same fields.”可知，这种特殊的水稻可以在同样的土地上多产出三分之一的作物。故选A。
31．推理判断题。根据“Finding ways t grw mre rice has been his life gal. He searched fr a way t increase rice harvests withut expanding（扩大，增加）the area f the fields.”和“In a recent research，these increased harvests mean that 22% f the wrld's peple are fed frm just 7% f the farmland in China.”可知，袁隆平的人生目标是找到生产更多水稻的方法，他不断在田间研究，最后他研究的水稻增产了，因此这是告诉我们有志者，事竟成，故选D。
F
What will astrnauts eat when a space trip takes years?
“Lts f fresh vegetables,” says Dr. Janet Williams, whse team have spent the last 10 years learning hw t grw plants in a space statin. And it’s a gd thing that she has already started her wrk, because space gardening can be really hard.
As usual, astrnaut Gerge White lked int the clsed plant rm. He had planted Dr. Williams’s quick-grwing seedlings nne f the stems were shwing. He pened the rm t check and fund the prblem. The stems weren’t grwing upward and the rts weren’t grwing dwnward. On Earth, gravity (重力) helps a plant’s stems and in it, but rts (根) t find “up” and “dwn”. Hwever, in the space statin, there was almst n gravity.
Dr. Williams suggested a methd: give the plants mre light, as plants als use sunlight t find their way. And it wrked. When the plants had mre light, the stems turned up and the rts went dwn.
Nw Dr. Williams was free t wrry abut the next prblem: Wuld her baby plants live t flwer? Can we grw fd n a space jurney?
Many plants died in the space statin. Dr. Williams thught she knew why: the space plants were hungry fr air. Plants live by taking up CO2 frm the air. Since a plant uses it up in the air arund, the plant needs mving air t bring mre CO2 clse t its surface! On Earth, the air is always mving. Gravity pulls dwn cld air, and warm air rises. And with these air mvements, plants get enugh CO2.
Many earlier experiments (实验) with plants in space had used clsed rms. Dr. Williams tried a new greenhuse that had a fan (电扇) t keep the air mve. The plants lved it. They flwered and even prduced mre seeds. Using Dr. Williams’s methd, astrnaut Gerge cmpleted the first seed-t-seed experiment in space, and mved ne plant clser t a garden in space.
“And this,” says Dr. Williams, “is gd news fr lng-term space travel.”
32．Why have Dr. Williams’s team tried t grw plants in space?
A．T prduce fresh air fr astrnauts.
B．T help astrnauts relax themselves.
C．T prvide fd fr lng space jurneys.
D．T make the space garden mre beautiful.
33．Hw did light help slve the prblem mentined in Paragraph 3?
A．It caused the gravity t change.
B．It encuraged the plants t grw faster.
C．It helped the plants t grw in the right directin.
D．It shwed the astrnauts where t plant vegetables.
34．Why did many plants die in the space statin?
A．The light was t strng.
B．There was t much CO2.
C．There was nt enugh rm t grw.
D．The air cnditin was nt gd enugh.
35．What can we learn abut Dr. Williams’s team frm the text?
A．They mainly live n fresh vegetables.
B．They have successfully built a space garden.
C．They invented a special fan fr their greenhuse.
D．They have wrked n space gardening fr many years.
36．Where is the text mst prbably taken frm?
A．An art magazine.B．A science magazine.
C．A news reprt.D．An educatin magazine.
【答案】
32-36．CCDDB
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了威廉博士和他的团队在太空中种植植物给太空旅行提供新鲜蔬菜的研究。
32．细节理解题。根据文中“What will astrnauts eat when a space trip takes years? “Lts f fresh vegetables,” says Dr. Janet Williams, whse team have spent the last 10 years learning hw t grw plants in a space statin.“可知，在太空种植植物是为了给太空旅行提供食物。故选C。
33．推理判断题。根据文中“give the plants mre light, as plants als use sunlight t find their way. And it wrked. When the plants had mre light, the stems turned up and the rts went dwn.”可推理出，光线帮助植物按正确的方向生长。故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据文中“Dr. Williams thught she knew why: the space plants were hungry fr air.”可知，空间站有许多植物死亡是因为空气条件不够好。故选D。
35．推理判断题。根据文中“Many earlier experiments (实验) with plants in space had used clsed rms. Dr. Williams tried a new greenhuse that had a fan (电扇) t keep the air mve.”可推理出，他们从事太空园艺工作很多年了。故选D。
36．推理判断题。文章介绍了威廉博士和他的团队在太空中种植植物给太空旅行提供新鲜蔬菜的研究。故本文最有可能来自科学杂志。故选B。
G
Plants are living things. A living thing grws. It can make mre livings. Animals are living things t. Living things need water, air and sunlight t survive (生存).
A plant's parts help it survive and grw. Flwers make seeds. Seeds can grw int new plants. Sme plants have fruit. It grws arund the seeds and keeps them safe. Leaves take in sunlight and make a plant's fd. The stem carries water and fd. Rts take in water frm sil (土壤). Living things have a life cycle (循环). A life cycle is the changes a living thing ges thrugh when it grws.
A plant's life cycle begins with seeds. First, a seed starts t grw int a new plant. Then, the plant gets what it needs frm the sil and sunlight. It grws int a big plant. Finally, the plant flwers and grws mre seeds t make new plants.
All living things have life cycles, including yu! Yu need fd, and water t survive, just as plants d. Yu grw and change t.
37．Which part might grw arund the seeds?
A．The flwer.B．The fruit.C．The leaves.D．The stem.
38．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．Trees and flwers are living things, but animals are nt.
B．Seeds help t carry water and fd t the rts.
C．Befre grwing int a big plant, the plants grw seeds.
D．Plants and peple are all living things and can grw.
39．Which picture shws a plant's life cycle?
A．B．C．D．
40．Where may we find this article?
A．In an art bkB．In a science bk.
C．In a histry bkD．In a stry bk.
【答案】
37-40．BDCB
【分析】
本文围绕植物的生长过程展开，解释了植物从种子变成植物，再产生种子的循环过程。
37．细节理解题。根据“ Sme plants have fruit. It grws arund the seeds and keeps them safe”，可知，果实围绕着种子生长，来保证它们的安全，故选B。
38．推理判断题。根据“All living things have life cycles, including yu…Yu grw and change t”，可知，植物和人类都是生物，都可以生长，所以D表述正确，故选D。
39．推理判断题。根据“First, a seed starts t grw int a new plant. Then, the plant gets what it needs frm the sil and sunlight. It grws int a big plant. Finally, the plant flwers and grws mre seeds t make new plants”，可知，植物的周期是由种子开始，种子会长成新的植物，新的植物长成大植物，大植物开花，最后产生种子，故选C。
40．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍的是关于生物的科学知识，故选B。
三、短文首字母填空
A bx f strawberries is left t rt( 腐坏) in yur fridge. W41． any hesitatin(犹豫), yu thrw it away. But it’s mre than just strawberries that yu are wasting. The life f a strawberry starts f42． a seed(种子). A farmer plants it and waters it. Later, peple pick it and pack it in a bx. A truck takes it f43． —perhaps 200 t 1,000 km—t a supermarket. Water, labr(劳动), fuel(燃料) and mney must all be spent in rder fr a strawberry t cme t yu. It’s hard fr peple t r44． hw much wrk ges int the fd we eat every day.
That makes fd waste a big p45． arund the wrld. Every year, 1.3 billin tns f fd is w46． arund the wrld. That’s ne-third f the ttal amunt f fd we have. In China alne, peple waste 35 millin tns f fd each year, accrding t CCTV. As we waste fd, there are still 820 millin peple l47． in hunger arund the wrld. Als many children g t sleep hungry, and 3.1 millin f them die each year. The COVID-19 has made the s48． even wrse. With many cuntries n lnger transprting(运输) fd t ther cuntries during this time, 10,000 mre children are dying f hunger each mnth. “Wasting fd means wasting natural r49． and missing the chance t f50． a grwing ppulatin in the future,” said UN Fd and Agriculture Organizatin Directr-General(粮农组织总干事)Qu Dngyu. It’s time t take actin nw.
【答案】
41．(W)ithut 42．(f)rm 43．(f)ar 44．(r)ealize 45．(p)rblem
46．(w)asted 47．(l)iving 48．(s)ituatin 49．(r)esurces 50．(f)eed
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是从冰箱里发霉的草莓谈起，告诉我们因浪费食物导致花费了人们很多人力、物力和财力等，浪费食物成了全球大问题，全球还有很多人因为没有粮食而饿死的情况，告诉我们要行动起来，珍惜粮食。
41．句意：毫不犹豫，你会把它扔掉。此处是固定搭配，withut hesitatin毫不犹豫，在句首需要大写。故填(W)ithut。
42．句意：草莓的生命是从一颗种子开始的。根据“a seed(种子).”可知，此处表达是“从”一个种子开始的，又根据首字母“f”可知，是frm，意为“从……开始”。故填(f)rm。
43．句意：一辆卡车会把它带到200到1000公里外的超市。根据“perhaps 200 t 1,000 km—t a supermarket.”可能200到1000公里外的超市，可理解为距离远，又根据首字母“f”可知，用far，意为“远的”。故填(f)ar。
44．句意：人们很难意识到我们每天吃的食物消耗了多少劳动。根据“hw much wrk ges int the fd we eat every day.”可知，人们很难“意识到”我们每天吃的食物消耗了多少劳动。再结合首字母“r”可知，为realize，意为“意识到”。故填(r)ealize。
45．句意：这使得浪费食物在全世界范围成为了一个大问题。根据“That makes fd waste a big…arund the wrld.”可知，此处的“That”指的就是上文人们意识不到我们每天吃的食物消耗了多少劳动。因此此处指的是浪费食物成了一个大“问题”。又根据首字母“p”可知，是prblem。故填(p)rblem。
46．句意：每年，全世界有13亿吨食物被浪费。根据前文，食物浪费是个问题，也就意味着很多食物被浪费。又根据首字母“w”可知，是waste，此处是被动，需要填过去分词wasted。故填(w)asted。
47．句意：在我们浪费粮食的同时，世界上仍有8.2亿人生活在饥饿中。非谓语动词作后置定语，在我们浪费食物的同时，全世界还有很多活在饥荒里的人，又根据首字母“l”可知，是living。故填(l)iving。
48．句意：新冠肺炎疫情使情况更加糟糕。根据“Als many children g t sleep hungry, and 3.1 millin f them die each year.”是说，许多儿童饿着肚子睡觉，每年有310万儿童死亡。此处是说新冠疫情使这种“情况”更加糟糕。又根据首字母“s”可知，是situatin，意为“情况”。故填(s)ituatin。
49．句意：浪费食物就是浪费自然资源并错失了喂饱这么多增长人口的机会。此处指浪费“资源”，resurce可数，所以用复数。故填(r)esurces。
50．句意：浪费食物就是浪费自然资源并错失了喂饱这么多增长人口的机会。根据“missing the chance t…a grwing ppulatin in the future”可知，意为错过了“喂饱”这么多增长人口的机会。此处the chance t d sth，feed意为“喂养”。故填(f)eed。
四、多任务混合阅读
Seeds(种子) is very imprtant fr farmers. Have yu heard f the Seed Vault (库)? A lt f cuntries in the wrld need different kinds f seeds s that they can plant them again. There is an imprtant reasn fr this. Smetimes plants can’t grw in a cuntry (A) ________ bad weather r disease, s farmers need new seeds.
Yu can keep seeds in a “seed vault”. It’s a place at a special temperature. The seeds dn’t grw, but they can live fr a lng time. Nrway has the biggest seed vault in the wrld—the Svalbard Glbal Seed Vault—and it has seeds frm a lt f different cuntries.
The vault is n the island f Spitsbergen. The island is abut ne thusand kilmeters frm the Nrth Ple. It’s a very cld place s it’s gd fr seeds. Abve the grund, the drway is small, but inside, the building is huge. Yu walk dwn a lng crridr (走廊), which is ne hundred and thirty meters inside a muntain. At the end f it, there are three large areas with seeds. There are abut half a millin kinds f seeds inside the vault. Fr example, there are kinds f seeds fr nice frm Asia and Africa, 32 kinds f seeds fr ptates frm Ireland and seeds fr different tmates frm the USA．
The seed vault has space fr a lt mre seeds. Yu can put abut 2.2 billin seeds inside. The seeds can live here fr thusands f years because the temperature is abut -180C．S, in the future, humans can grw any seed they want. In ther wrds, the seed vault is the difference between life and death.
51．Fill in the blank with ne right phrase. (在文中空白处填入一个合适的短语，2词以内)
________________________________________
52．What is a seed vault? (根据文章内容回答问题，10词以内)
________________________________________
53．What’s the third paragraph mainly abut? (文中第3段主要谈论什么，16词以内)
________________________________________
54．Please translate the underlined sentence int Chinese. (请将文中划线句子翻译成汉语)
________________________________________
55．Give the best title fr the passage. (给本文拟定一个最合适的题目)
________________________________________
【答案】
51．because f
52．(A seed vault) /It is a place at a special temperature.
53．It’s mainly abut the biggest seed vault in the wrld—the Svalbard Glbal Seed Vault.
54．换句话说，种子库是生与死的区别/差异。
55．The Seed Vault
【分析】
本文主要为我们介绍了位于挪威的世界上最大的种子库。
51．根据“Smetimes plants can’t grw in a cuntry…bad weather r disease, s farmers need new seeds”可知，因为恶劣的天气或疾病，所以有时植物不能在一个国家生长，“bad weather r disease”是名词短语，用because f表示“因为”，故填because f。
52．根据“Yu can keep seeds in a “seed vault”. It’s a place at a special temperature.”可知，这是一个温度特殊的地方，故填(A seed vault) /It is a place at a special temperature.
53．根据第二段句末“Nrway has the biggest seed vault in the wrld—the Svalbard Glbal Seed Vault—and it has seeds frm a lt f different cuntries”及第三段的内容可知，第三段主要介绍在挪威的世界上最大的种子库，故填It’s mainly abut the biggest seed vault in the wrld—the Svalbard Glbal Seed Vault.
54．in ther wrds“换句话说”；the seed vault“种子库”；difference“区别/差异”；between life and death“生与死”，故填：换句话说，种子库是生与死的区别/差异。
55．本文主要围绕“种子库”来讲述的，所以最适合本文的标题是“the Seed Vault”，故填The Seed Vault。