外研版高中英语选择性必修第三册Unit2Alife’sworkSectionⅠStartingout&Understandingideas基础训练含解析

Unit 2 A life’s work Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideasⅠ. 单句填空1.My Chinese teacher knew my fascination       with/for      reading and made sure I had great books to read.2.Some students don’t like   fashionable   （fashion）uniforms because they don’t want to spend so much money on them.3.Professor Smith, for whom work matters most, is   devoted   （devote）to his research work.4.Although he is      fascinated      （fascinate）by online games, he manages to keep himself from being addicted to them.5.He is so intelligent that he can always find a good approach to      solving      （solve）the problems.Ⅱ. 同义替换comprise, a wide range of, nothing more than, pass away, dominate1.She looked in the direction of the window, but there was only the deep darkness.     nothing more than    2.The restaurant has become popular for a variety of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.      a wide range of    3.Older people make up a large proportion of those living in poverty.       comprise    4.Arsenal played much better than their opponent the first half of the match.       dominated    5.When the news of Louis Cha’s death was reported, many fans on social media expressed their sadness over his death.       passing away    Ⅲ. 翻译句子1.这次活动的目的是让学生接触广泛的英语阅读材料。（a wide range of）    The activity is intended to/designed to expose students to a wide range of English reading materials.    2.他们不顾我的危险警告，决心进入黑暗的洞穴。（regardless of）    They are determined to go into the dark cave, regardless of my warning of danger.    3.这个公园不仅仅是一个放松和娱乐的地方。你也可以在那里快乐地学习中国书法。（more than）     The park is more than a place for relaxation and amusement. You can also have fun learning Chinese calligraphy there.    4.随着春天的来临，花园里的花儿开始焕发生机。 （approach）    With spring approaching, the flowers in the garden begin to come to life.    5.那位老教师因献身于教育事业而受到钦佩。（devotion）    The old teacher was admired for his devotion to the educational cause.      素养综合练Ⅰ. 阅读理解（2021云南昆明官渡区第一中学月考）Having experienced a shocking electrical accident, which caused him to become both blind and deaf, James Franco’s world became completely dark and quiet for almost ten years. The loss of sight and hearing threw him into such sorrow that he tried a few times to put an end to his life. His family, especially his wife, did their best to tend and comfort him and finally he regained the will to live.One hot summer afternoon, he was taking a walk with a stick near his house when a thunderstorm started all at once. He stood under a large tree to avoid getting wet, but he was struck by lightning. Witnesses thought he was dead but he woke up 20 minutes later, lying face down in muddy water. He was trembling badly, but when he opened his eyes, he could hardly believe what he saw: a tree and muddy road. When Mrs. Franco came running up to him, shouting to their neighbors to call for help, he could see her and hear her voice for the first time in nearly ten years.The news of James regaining his sight and hearing quickly spread and many doctors came to examine him. Most of them said that he regained his sight and hearing from the shock he got from the lightning. However, none of them could give a compellent answer as to why this should happen. The only reasonable explanation given by one doctor was that, since James lost his sight and hearing as a result of a sudden shock, perhaps, the only way for him to regain them was another sudden shock.1.The reason why James attempted to kill himself was that  .A.a terrible electrical accident happened to himB.nobody in the whole world cared about himC.he was struck by the lightning once moreD.he had to live in a dark and silent world2.What was James doing when he was struck by the lightning?A.Sheltering from the rain under a tree.B.Putting an end to his life.C.Taking a walk with a stick.D.Lying on the ground.3.What does the underlined word “compellent” in Paragraph 3 mean?A.Gradual.B.Wrong.C.Convincing.D.True.4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.A Terrible Electrical AccidentB.What a Sudden ShockC.An Unforgettable AdventureD.James Franco and His Wife答案：1.D解析：1.[语篇解读]  本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述James Franco因为受到电击，失明失聪，生活在黑暗寂静的世界里，他多次想要自杀，但在家人的劝阻下，获得重新生活下去的勇气。有一次他在树下躲雨的时候，意外被闪电击中，却恢复了视力和听力，但医生也不能确定具体原因。【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第一段中的The loss of sight and hearing…end to his life. 可知，失去视力和听力使他非常悲伤，他曾几次试图结束自己的生命。故选D。答案：2.A解析：2.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第二段中的He stood…by the lightning. 可知，他站在一棵大树下以便避雨，但被闪电击中了。故选A。答案：3.C解析：3.【命题立意】词义猜测题。【解题思路】根据最后一段中的The only reasonable…was another sudden shock. 可知，一位医生给出的唯一合理的解释是，由于詹姆斯的视力和听力是由于一次突然的电击而丧失的，也许，他恢复视力和听力的唯一方法是另一次突然的电击。所以前面提到的是没有人给出令人信服的答案。故选C。答案：4.B解析：4.【命题立意】主旨大意题。【解题思路】文章讲述James Franco因为受到电击，失明失聪，生活在黑暗寂静的世界里，他几次都想自杀，但有一次他在树下躲雨的时候，意外被闪电击中，却恢复了视力和听力。所以整篇短文都是围绕他的两次被电击讲述的。故选B。Ⅱ. 七选五（2019湖北宜昌部分师范高中协作体联考）Florence Nightingale was named after her birthplace, Florence, Italy. When she was almost a year old, she returned with her family to England.Florence often helped her mother deliver（递送） food to the poor and sick.      1   Her family was shocked because nursing was not a respected profession.But Florence was determined. She studied books on medicine. Later, she visited hospitals in France, Germany and Ireland and learned everything she could.      2    In 1854, Britain was at war with Russia. Florence went to the British hospital in Scutari （now  Üsküdar in Istanbul） and she was shocked. The hospital left men lying on the floor, and rats were running everywhere.      3      Many soldiers died before receiving help.The doctors wouldn’t listen to Florence because they didn’t like the idea of women in army hospitals-until one day 500 unexpected casualties（伤亡者） arrived.      4   Florence made changes, making sure the men were washed and their injuries were dressed. Every night she would check the patients with her lamp.When she returned home after the war, a fund had been set up in her honor. Many of the soldiers she had nursed had made contributions（捐款）. Then she could set up the Nightingale Training School in London.After years of hard work, Florence Nightingale saw cleaner and more cheerful hospitals.   5   All of this was because of the “lady with her lamp”.A.Nursing became an honored profession.B.There was no running water and no heat.C.She knew she had much to learn about nursing.D.Florence saw the soldiers’ health had improved.E.As she grew older, she decided to become a nurse.F.They soon realized that Florence knew what she was doing.G.Upon returning home, she was an expert on hospital management.1.   2.   3.   4.   5. 答案：1.E解析：1.[语篇解读]  本文为一篇记叙文，叙述了Florence Nightingale经过多年的努力，使得护理成了一个令人尊敬的职业。【解题思路】根据空后的“Her family was shocked because nursing was not a respected profession.”可知，她的家人感到震惊，因为护理不是一个受人尊敬的职业。该空引出下文，选项E“随着她长大，她决定当一名护士”切题。故选E。答案：2.G解析：2.【解题思路】根据上句“Later, she visited hospitals in France, Germany and Ireland and learned everything she could. ”可知，后来，她去了法国、德国和爱尔兰的医院，尽她所能地学习。该空承接上文，选项G“刚一回到家乡，她就是医院管理方面的专家了”切题。故选G。答案：3.B解析：3.【解题思路】根据上文内容可知，医院的地上到处躺着人，老鼠到处跑，此处描述医院条件艰苦，选项B“没有自来水，也没有暖气”符合语境。故选B。答案：4.F解析：4.【解题思路】根据上句“The doctors wouldn’t listen to Florence because they didn’t like the idea of women in army hospitals-until one day 500 unexpected casualties（伤亡者） arrived.”并结合下句“Florence made changes, making sure the men were washed and their injuries were dressed.”可知，该空承上启下，他们很快意识到Florence知道她在做什么。故选F。答案：5.A解析：5.【解题思路】根据上段末句“Then she could set up the Nightingale Training School in London.”以及本段中的“After years of hard work, Florence Nightingale saw cleaner and more cheerful hospitals.”可知Florence Nightingale经过多年的努力，使得护理成了一个令人尊敬的职业。故选A。      Ⅲ. 完形填空（2020湖北武汉高二期末）Two CandlesTom was a middle-aged leather trader whose repeated failure in his career made him a depressed man, often     1      that he had been cheated by others. One day he told his wife he was so      2     with the city that he had to leave.So his family moved to another city. It was the evening of a weekend. When Tom and his wife were busily      3   up their new home, the light suddenly went out. They had to stop work. Tom was regretful to have forgotten to bring along candles and had to wait     4   in a low mood. Just then he heard slight knocks on his door that sounded clear in the     5   night.“Who’s it?”  he wondered, since Tom was a     6      to this city. And this was the moment he especially hated to be disturbed, so he went to the door and opened it     7       . At the door was a little girl, shyly asking, “Sir, do you have candles? I’m your neighbor.”“  No,”  answered Tom in anger and shut the door     8      . “What a nuisance （讨厌鬼）!”  he complained over it with his wife. “No sooner had we settled down than the neighbor came to      9      things.”After a while, the door was knocked again. He opened it and found the same girl outside.      10   this time she was      11      two candles, saying, “My grandma told me the new neighbor downstairs might need candles. She sent me here to give you these.”  Tom was very      12   by what he saw. When he became fully aware, he said, “Thank you and your grandmother. God bless you!”At that moment he suddenly realized what caused his     13      in life. It was his      14      and harshness （刻薄） with other people. The person who had cheated him in life was actually nobody else but himself, for his life had been darkened by his unsympathetic     15      .1.A.hopingB.tellingC.complainingD.pretending2.A.inspiredB.disappointedC.embarrassedD.impressed3.A.buildingB.turningC.comingD.tidying4.A.anxiouslyB.doubtfullyC.hopefullyD.helplessly5.A.darkB.quietC.coldD.sleepless6.A.newcomerB.travelerC.guestD.settler7.A.surprisedlyB.delightedlyC.impatientlyD.willingly8.A.gentlyB.kindlyC.politelyD.violently9.A.lendB.sellC.fetchD.borrow10.A.AndB.SoC.ButD.For11.A.holdingB.hidingC.blowingD.lighting12.A.frightenedB.pleasedC.puzzledD.surprised13.A.failureB.dissatisfactionC.complaintD.determination14.A.responsibilityB.apologyC.coldnessD.concept15.A.mindB.opinionC.behaviorD.look答案：1.C解析：1.[语篇解读]  本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过一个“两根蜡烛”的小故事告诉我们：对待这个社会要热情积极，不要冷漠刻薄地看待事物。【解题思路】考查动词。根据下文第8空后的he complained over it with his wife可知此处是“抱怨”的情绪。故选C。答案：2.B解析：2.【解题思路】考查形容词。句意：有一天，他告诉他的妻子，他对这个城市太失望了以至于自己不得不离开。上文说汤姆成为一个意志消沉的人，故他对这个城市失望。故选B。答案：3.D解析：3.【解题思路】考查动词（短语）。根据上文内容可知，他和家人搬到了另一个城市，他和妻子应该正忙着收拾他们的新家。故选D。答案：4.D解析：4.【解题思路】考查副词。根据上下文内容可知，电灯熄灭了，家里又没有蜡烛，所以汤姆只能怀着低落的心情无助地等待。故选D。答案：5.B解析：5.【解题思路】考查形容词。根据下文内容可知，此处是邻居敲门送蜡烛，那敲门声在安静的晚上特别清楚。故选B。答案：6.A解析：6.【解题思路】考查名词。根据上文内容可知，他们一家刚来到这个城市，自然是新来的人。故选A。答案：7.C解析：7.【解题思路】考查副词。根据上下文内容可知，他不耐烦地打开门。故选C。答案：8.D解析：8.【解题思路】考查副词。根据下文“What a nuisance （讨厌鬼）！”可知，他猛地关上门。故选D。答案：9.D解析：9.【解题思路】考查动词。根据下文内容可知，汤姆之所以抱怨，一定是他以为小女孩来借蜡烛。故选D。答案：10.C解析：10.【解题思路】考查连词。句意：但是这次她拿着两支蜡烛，说：“我的奶奶告诉我楼下的新邻居可能需要蜡烛。她让我来给你们这些。”此处与前面是转折关系。故选C。答案：11.A解析：11.【解题思路】考查动词。句意同上。根据下文“My grandma told me…candles.”可知，小女孩手里拿着两根蜡烛。故选A。答案：12.D解析：12.【解题思路】考查形容词。句意：汤姆对他所看到的感到非常惊讶。据上下文语境可知，这种情况出乎他的意料，所以他应该是很惊讶。故选D。答案：13.A解析：13.【解题思路】考查名词。根据第一段第一句中的repeated failure可判断，他突然意识到是什么造成了他生活中的失败。故选A。答案：14.C解析：14.【解题思路】考查名词。根据上文汤姆开始对小女孩的态度可判断，他确实是个冷漠与刻薄之人。故选C。答案：15.A解析：15.【解题思路】考查名词。根据全文内容可知，在生活中欺骗他的人其实不是别人，而是他自己，因为他的生活已经被他无情的心灵所蒙蔽。故选A。