2021年春季学期人教版英语八年级下册Unit1-10知识点复习纲要
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人教版八年级英语下册Units1~10期末复习知识点纲要
Unit1 重要知识点
※1.What’s the matter?=What’s the trouble?=What’s wrong? 当后面接人的时候,用with sb
※2.患病 have a +身体部位-ache have a sore+身体部位
3.lie 躺——过去式lay——现在分词lying
※4.形容词/副词+enough to do sth 足够……可以去做…… enough +名词
※5.see sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事
6.24-year-old (24岁的)后面可以接名词
24 years old (24岁)后面不加名词
※7.get off下车 get on上车 get into卷入,加入 get out of 从…离开
8.expect sb to do sth期待某人去做某事
※9.to one’s surprise令某人惊讶的是
10.agree to do sth同意去做某事
11.thanks to幸亏,由于+doing
12.get hit on the head头被打到
※13.tell sb to do sth告诉某人去做某事 tell sb not to do sth告诉某人不要去做某事
※14.have trouble(in)doing sth做某事有困难
15.be interested in doing sth对于做某事感兴趣
※16.be used to doing sth习惯于做某事 used to do sth过去常常做某事
※17.人+run out of 物+run out
※18.so that +句子 (为了,目的是) so…that+句子(如此……以至于………)
19.give up doing sth放弃做某事
20.be in control of 掌管,管理
※21.too much 太多 +不可数名词 too many 太多 +可数名词复数
much too 太 +形容词
※22.情态动词should应该+动词原形 shouldn’t 不应该+动词原形(用于提建议)
※23.without没有,不做….. We can’t live without water.
24. ill 生病的(作表语,不可以加名词) My sister is ill illness n.生病,疾病
sick 生病的(作定语,后面可以加名词) a sick boy一个生病的男生
Unit2 重要知识点
1.clean it /them up 把它/它们打扫干净
2.cheer sb up 使某人高兴(sb 要用宾格)
3.hope to do sth 希望去做某事 hope+that 从句
4.volunteer to do sth 自愿去做某事
※5.give it /them out 分发、散发 give sth away 赠送
※6.put off推迟 put out 熄灭 put away收拾整理 put on穿上 put up 建立,张贴
7.give it/them up放弃 give up+doing
※8.come up with=think up想出,提出
9.used to do sth 过去常常做某事 be used to doing sth习惯于做某事
10.help sb out 帮忙解决困难
11.care for=take care of =look after 照顾
12.such a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+that = so +形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that
(当形容词为 many much few little 时只能用so)
14.动词ing做主语,谓语动词用单数
※16.
※17.take after =be similar to相像
※18.make it possible for sb to do sth使某人做某事成为可能
19.make a difference to 对….造成影响
单项选择。
16.—Grandpa has changed a lot.
—So he has.He spends more time than he used to ____ games with the children.
A.play B.playing C.played D.plays
17.Everyone was ____ when they heard the ________ news.
A.exciting;exciting B.excited;exciting
C.exciting;excited
20.The lamb ____ for quite some time.
A.has died B.die
C.has dead D.has been dead
根据汉语意思完成下列句子。
21.令我惊奇的是,我表弟全身红色装束。
________________,my cousin dressed entirely in red.
22.这位叫彼得的年轻人掌管这个工厂。
This young man called Peter is ______________this factory.
23.你不必因为这个而冒险。
You don't have to ___________because of this.
24.通常到月底我就把钱花光了。
Usually I __________my money at the end of the month.
25.你愿意向街上的所有人分发报纸吗?
Would you like __________ newspapers to everyone on the street?
Unit 3 重要知识点
※1.Could you please +动词原形?能请你做…….吗?
否定句:Could you please not+动词原形? 能请你不要做某事吗?
※2.时间状语从句 主将从现(if 如果,as soon as ,until,when..)
3.Neither did I 我也不
否定句: Neither +助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语。 (某人也不这样)
Eg:I don’t like basketball. Neither does my sister。 (我的妹妹也不喜欢)
肯定句:So +助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语。 (某人也如此)
Eg:I like English. So does my brother.(我的兄弟也如此)
so+主语+助动词/be动词/情态动(某人确实如此)
Jim likes singing. So he does.(他确实如此)
※4.borrow…from…从。。。借来。。。 lend…to ….把,,,借给。。。
注意:当与一段时间连用的时候,用keep 代替borrow 和lend.
Eg: I kept the book for two days.
Could you please lend some money to me?
5.hate to do sth/doing sth
讨厌做某事
6.invite sb to do sth和邀请某人去做某事
※7.spend +时间+on sth spend +时间+(in) doing sth.花时间做某事
8.in order to do sth为了去做某事 in order not to do sth为了不做某事
※9.provide sb with sth =provide sth for sb为某人提供某物
※10.mind doing sth 介意做某事
11.It is +形容词 +for sb+to do sth
12.develop 发展 developing 发展中的 developed发达的 发展(名词)development
※13.take good care of sb=look after sb well 照顾好某人
14“the+比较级,the+比较级”意思是 “越……,越……”。
【活学活用】
1)___ you are,________ mistakes you will make in the test.
A.The more careful;the fewer B.The more carefully;the fewer
C.The more careful;the less D.The more carefully;the less
2)—Look!It's raining heavily!____ take a raincoat with you?
—Well,I'll take one right now.(2014,阜康)
A.Why not B.Why don't C.Would you mind D.Would you like
※15.allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 allow doing sty允许做某事
※16.offer sb.sth.或offer sth.to sb.给某人提供某物
offer to do sth.意为“(主动提出)做某事”。
1)Parents often ____ their children ________ some good advice.
A.offer;with B.offer;/ C.provide;with D.th B and C
三、单项选择。
1.—Why don't you watch TV at home?
—I'd love to,but my mother doesn't allow me ____ that.
A.do B.did C.to do D.doing
2.—Could I ____ your iPad,Alice?
—Of course.Here you are.
A.lend B.keep C.borrow C.return
3.I don't ____ the heat,for I'm used to hot weather.
A.like B.mind C.know D.stand
4.—As a student,we should study hard.
—Yes.____ we study,________ results we'll get.
A.The hard;the good B.The harder;the best C.The harder;the better
四、根据汉语意思完成下列句子。
21.你不该总把你的孩子与别的孩子相比较。
You shouldn't always ___________your kids ___________other kids.
22.南希不购物,我也不去。
Nancy won't go shopping,and _____________I.
23.我一到上海就给你写信。
I'll write to you ____________I get to Shanghai.
24.她报了警,以便警察能帮她找回被盗的小汽车。
She called the police ____________the policeman could help find her lost car.
25.一些学生认为做家务是浪费时间,但我不同意。
Some students think doing housework is ______________,but I disagree.
Unit 4 重要知识点
※1.Why don't you do sth.?=Why not do sth.?是提建议的一种表达方式。类似的表达方式还有:
What/How about doing sth.?
Shall we do sth.?
Let's do sth.
You'd better do sth.
其肯定答语为Good idea!/OK./Wonderful!/Great!/Sounds good!等;其否定答语为Sorry,but...等。
※2.compete with 和。。竞争
※3.in one’s opinion 依某人的看法,在某人看来
※4. the +姓氏复数 表示一家人或夫妻两,作主语,谓语动词用复数
※5.It’s time for sth某事到时间了
It’s time for sb to do sth某人到时间做某事了
※6. cut out 删除 cut it/them out
cut up切碎 cut down 砍倒 cut off 切断(电源,手指)
※7.continue to do sth(继续做另外的事情) continue doing sth(继续做同一件事情)
※8.compare A with B 用A和B做比较
9.think for oneself 自我思考
10..It’s normal to do sth做某事很正常
※11.get on with和睦相处;关系良好=get along with。
12.whatever pron. 任何;无论什么= no matter what
13.communicate with sb. 与某人交流
14.explain sth. (to sb.)(向某人)解释某事
※15.live alone 独自居住 feel lonely 感觉孤单
※16.pressure 压力 (不可数) under the pressure of 在。。。的压力之下
Unit 5重要知识点
过去进行时
※1. 概念: 表示过去某一时刻或某段时间内正进行的动作。
2. 构成:
肯定句:主语+was/were + 动词ing
否定句:主语+was/were +not+动词ing
一般疑问句:Was /Were +主语+动词ing? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语 was/were. 否定回答: No, 主语 wasn’t/weren’t.
3. 用法:
a: 表示某一时刻正进行的行为, 与特定的过去时间状语连用,
※b:常见过去进行时的时间有: at 8 last night, at this time,at that time, at that moment,then 等
※(1)过去进行时+when+一般过去时 (2) 过去进行时+while+过去进行时
4.pick up 捡起,去接某人,接电话
5.wait for sth/sb等待某物/某人 wait to do sth 等待去做某事 can’t wait to do sth迫不及待去做某事
※6.go off 敲响 go away离开 go up上升
7.begin开始(过去式began,过去分词begun) begin to do sth开始做某事
8.heavy rain大雨 rain heavily 下大雨
※9.look for 寻找 look through 浏览 look over 仔细检查 look out 小心,往外看 look into 调查,往里看 look up 查阅
10.feel like doing sth想要做某事
※11.against 倚靠,反对,逆着 against doing sth反对做某事
12。 rise 升起(主语自身动) raise 举起 (主语发出的动作作用于其他物体)
eg: Let’s __________ our hands . The sun always __________in the east
※13.get to 到达 =arrive in+大地点/ arrive at+小地点 =reach+地点
注意:当地点为 here , there, home 时,介词“to , in, at 因省略。当没有地点时,只能用arrive.
14.make one’s way to 前往(当地点为here ,there ,home时省略to)
on the way to 在去。。的路上 in the way 挡路 in a way 在某种程度上 by the way 顺便说一下
15.die 死亡 V.
died 已经过世的(过去式) dead 过世的(形容词) dying 奄奄一息(形容词)
注意:当用于完成时的时候只用“dead”
16.in silence = keep silent 保持安静
17.the rest of 剩余的 the rest of +名词 做主语时谓语动词跟the rest of 后面的名词保持一致
例如:The rest of apples are mine. The rest of money is not enough.
※19.be taken down by 被。。摧毁
被动语态结构:be + 动词过去分词
21.remember doing sth 记得已经做了某事 remember to do sth记得要去做某事
Unit 6重要知识点
1. 如此…以至…so …. that ….
2.使某人想起…remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人做....remind sb. to do sth.
3. instead of +doing “代替,反而,” instead +句子
※4.爱上某人、某物fall in love with sb./sth.
※5. (与某人)结婚get married to sb.=be married to sb.
※6.if如果/unless如果不,除非 as soon as…一…就… ------表示将来,具有“主将从现原则”
注意:基本结构:一般将来时/ 祈使句+as soon as +一般现在时
8.把…变成…. turn ….into…. turn on 打开 turn off 关闭 turn up 调高,出现 turn down调低
11. wife----复数 wives
12.制定计划做某事make a plan to do sth.
13.a little bit +形容词(有点儿;稍微) 14.a bit of+不可数名词 (一些)
※15.neither 两者都不either 两者中任何一个 neither of 和 either of 做主语,谓语动词用单数
either…or…要么。。要么。。 neither…nor…既不。。也不。。
注意:※谓语动词与nor或or后面的主语保持一致
eg:Either Jim or I am going to Beijing.
Neither Kate nor Jim likes playing basketball.
16.called 被称作,被叫做 17.be new to 对于。。。来说是新的 19.keep doing sth 坚持做
21.come out出版,开花,发行 come over 顺便来访 come into 进入
※22.make sb/sth+动词原形(使某人/某物做某事) make sb/sth+形容词
※23.现在完成时结构 :have/has+动词过去分词 时间状语:for +一段时间,since+时间点
24.fit v. 适合;合身 fit (sb.) well 衣服合身
fit adj.健康的,强健的 keep fit 保持身体健康
fit adj. 适宜的 be fit to do 适宜做某事 be fit for sth. 适合...
※25.keep sth. for oneself 表示“为某人自己保留某样东西”。 keep sth. to oneself 表示“保守秘密”
26.gold n./adj. 黄金,金色的 golden adj. 金色的
27.This story is about an emperor who loved beautiful clothes.
这是一个关于喜欢漂亮衣服的国王的故事
定语从句:先行词an emperor是人,所以后面接who +句子。翻译成。。。的
※28.感叹句的语序:
1) How+形容词(副词)(+主语+谓语)!
这箱子多重啊! How heavy the box is!
注意:看到“the”通常选how
(2) What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!
多大的一个盒子啊!What a big box it is!
(3) What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词(+主语+谓语)!
例如:What beautiful pictures they are!
做感叹句句型方法:
去掉后面的主谓语,看左边,是名词用what,是形容词用how.
1Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize for Literature last year. ________ excellent he is!
A. How B. What
C. What a D. What an
2.______ delicious beef is! Thank you for inviting me to dinner.
A. How B. How a
C. What D. What a
※29.lead sb to do sth 带领某人去做某事
30.be made of 由。。。制成(看得出原材料) be made from 由。。制成(看不出原材料)
※31.find one’s way out 找到出路
32.Never mind! 没关系 (通常用于回答sorry)
33.whole与all 的区别即:the whole…=all the…
※34.no more=not…any more 不再,再也You can drink no more.= You can't drink any more.你不能再喝了
Unit 7 重要知识点
※1. one of the +最高级+名词复数+谓语单数
2.achieve 实现,到达(动词) achievement 成就,成绩
3.the southwestern part of 。。。的西南部 southwest n 西南方向
4.It is very dangerous to do sth 做某事很危险
5.famous 著名的 .be famous for sth因为。。而出名
6.difficulty 困难(不可数) 困难的事情(可数)
7.include v. 包括 Our subjects include Chinese , English math and so on.
句子+including sth 包含某物 句子+sth included 某物被包括
9.It is very hard to do sth做某事很困难
10.The+序数词+sth+to do sth第几个去做某事
11.succeed 成功(动词)+(in) doing sth
success 成功(名词) successful 成功的(形容词) successfully 成功地(副词)
14.in good conditions 在好的状况下
15.achieve our dream实现。。。 =make our dream come true
16.There is/are …doing sth有。。。正在做某事
17.非谓语动词:doing (表示主动或正在进行 to do (表示目的或将来) done (表示被动或完成)
eg:He study hard to get good grades.(表目的,为了)
The girl talking loudly is my friend. (表正在进行)
The man called Jim is a policeman.(表示被动)
18. .prepare sth for sb为某人准备某物
19.be awake醒着的 be asleep 睡着的 be sleepy困倦的
20.excitement 兴奋,激动(名词n.)
to one’s excitement 令某人兴奋的是
exciting 令人兴奋的(形容词adj. 修饰物)
excited 感到兴奋的(形容词,修饰人)
sb be excited about sth某人对某人感到兴奋
21.feed ——fed——fed
(1)feed sth to sb给某人喂。。。
Mother is feeding milk to her baby.
(2)动物+ feed on 以。。。为食
Sheep feed chiefly on grass.绵羊以草为食。
23.die from 死于(外部原因,环境或事故)
die of 死于(内部原因,疲劳,寒冷,饥渴,年老,失望,悲伤)
24.be in danger 处于危险中 out of danger 脱离危险
25.one’s own某人自己的 my own book我自己的书
26.spend +时间/钱+doing sth spend+ 时间/钱+on sth 花时间/钱在。。。上
spend +时间 with sb 和某人渡过
27.数词+or so=about +数词 大约
6.any other +可数名词单数(比任何一个。。) =the other+可数名词复数 ( 用于同一范围内的比较 )
注意;如果是不同范围内的比较,应用 any +可数名词单数
7.population 人口(数量) 形容人口多用:large/big形容人口少用:small
(2) 询问人口的多少: What’s the population of.. =How large /big is the population?
8.可以修饰比较级的词有:much, a lot, even, far, a little
9.as +形容词/副词 原形+ as 和。。一样。。。
10.feel free to do sth 随便做某事
11..amazing 惊人的(修饰物) amazed 感到惊人的(修饰人)
12.protect 保护(动词) protection 保护(名词)
protect sth from …保护。。。免受。。。 =protect sth against …
13.even though 用作从属连词,意为“即使=even if
14.at birth 在出生时 give birth to… 生(孩子);产生
单选
1. My brother is _____ more outgoing than me.
A. many B. little C. much
2. October 12th was one of ______ days in 2020. Shenzhou-VI was launched(发射)successfully.
A. exciting B. more exciting C. the most exciting
3. Which city is _____, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou?
A. beautiful B. the most beautiful C. more beautiful
Unit 8 重要知识点
1. yet 还,已经(用于否定句和疑问句,句末)
already 已经(用于肯定句,句中和句末)
2.sth happen to sb 某人发生某事
3..be full of 充满…… = be filled with
4.finish +doing 完成……(已做完)
5. grow up 长大
6. another 既可用作形容词,也可用作代词。用作形容词时,意思是“又一的;再一的”,修饰名词,位于名词前;用作代词时,意思是“另一个”。
another +数词=数词+more
7. how long 常用于询问时间,意为“多久;多长时间”,与现在完成时连用,要求谓语动词必须是延续性动词。回答有:about/for+一段时间 , since +时间点.
7.find it +形容词+to do sth 发现做。。怎么样 I find it easy to learn English.
8.else (其他的人或物)后面不加名词 other (其他的)后面必须加名词
9.one…the other…一个。。。另一个。。。 some…others….一些。。。另一些。。。
He has two sons.One is a teacher,the other is a doctor.
Some students are reading, others are sleeping.
10.情态动词表推测,肯定用must be 否定用 can’t be
eg:He must be at home. The window is open.
He can’t be at home. I saw him at the store just now.
11.a good way to do sth一个做,。。的好方法
12.the number of …的数量 the number of +可数名词复数+谓语单数
Eg: The number of students in our class is 51.
a number of 许多。大量 a number of +可数名词复数+谓语复数
eg :A number of apples are red.
13.have/has been to曾经去过某地(已回) have/has gone to去了某地(未回) have been in 在某地待。。。
注意:当与一段时间连用时,只能选have been in
14.abroad 国外的 go abroad 去国外
15.on the radio通过收音机
16.come to realize逐渐明白;意识到
17.belong to 属于(无被动,无进行)
18. 数词+million (不确定的数词)+millions of (类似用法:thousand , hundred )
19. introduce sb to sb 向某人介绍某人。
20. fight over 因为…争吵 fight with 和….争吵
fight for 为…斗争 fight against反对
Unit9 重要知识点
1. Me neither意思是“我也不(没)” , 属于“人称代词的宾格 + neither”形式。
2. It’s really interesting, isn’t it?
(这是一个反意疑问句,它由两个部分组成,一个是陈述句,另一个是省略的一般疑问句)
结构:前否,后肯? 前肯,后否?
eg: He is a student, isn’t he?
Yes , he is.(是的,他是一个学生。) No, he isn’t .(不,他不是一个学生。)
He doesn’t like it, does he?
Yes,he does.(不,他喜欢。) No,he doesn’t.(是的,他不喜欢。)
3. progress n. 进步,进展(不可数)
make progress (in sth)(在……方面)取得进步;取得进展
4. encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人去做 encouragement n. 鼓励;激励
5. on the one hand, on the other hand 一方面,另一方面
6. English-speaking 说英语的;英语为母语的;使用英语的
7. seem to do sth. (做……似乎……)
It seems that + 从句(……似乎……)=It seems as if =It seems as though
It seems that he is happy. = It seems as if he is happy. =It seems as though he is happy
8. whether …or….无论。。。。还是。。。
9.数量词 hundred / hundreds of
1. The volunteers sent ________ books to a mountain village school on Children's Day.
A.two hundreds of B.two hundred of C.two hundreds D.two hundred
2. It is reported that people throw ________ plastic bags along this street every day.
A.hundred B.hundreds C.hundred of D.hundreds of
Unit 10 重要知识点
1. 现在完成时 时间段 / 时间点
for +一段时间 e.g: for 8 years
since +过去的时间点 e.g: since 2009\ last spring
since + 一段时间+ ago e.g: since 3 years ago
since + 从句(一般过去时态) Since I came here four weeks ago.
2.How long 多久, 多长(时间)。对时间段提问, 回答用: for/about+时间段;since+过去的时间点。
How soon多久以后。对“in+时间段提问, 常用于一般将来时”, 其答语常用“in+时间段”。
How often 多久一次, 对频率提问, 其答语为: once (twice/…)+时间段, always, usually 等。
How far 多远,对距离提问,其答语是表距离的内容。
3.memory 作名词意为“记忆;回忆”,复数形式为memories,动词为memorize,意为“记忆,背诵”。keep one's memory 记住 lose one's memory 失去记忆
4. not…any more = not any longer不再,再也(不)
5. not a bit =not at all 一点也不 not a little =very 非常
6. a couple of 其一表具体的数量 “两个”相同的人或物体;其二表数量不定的“少数几个”
7. check out 察看;观察,结账,离开check in 登记,报道 check 支票,账单
8. welcome to 欢迎来到。。。
9.part with 与…分离; 放弃
10. to be honest=to be frank=honestly表示“说实话;老实说”
11. for a while一会儿
(1) --- ______ have you been married? --- For twenty years.
A. How far B. How often C. How long D. How soon
(2) The math problem is so hard. I really don’t know ______.
A. how to do it B. how to do C. what to do it
1. 我们正在举办一次庭院拍卖会。
We are _______ _______ _______ _______.
2. 艾米拥有这辆自行车超过5年了。
Amy_______ _______this bike _______ _______ _______ .
3. 我很久没有看到你了。
I _______ _______ you for a long time.
4. 她去北京多久了?
How long _______ _______ _______ _______ Beijing?
5. 你可以把一些旧的玩具捐赠给需要的孩子。
You can _______ some old toys _______ to the kids _______ _______.
6. 这些照片唤起了我的甜蜜回忆。
These photos _______ _______ _______ _______ .