2022届山东省泰安市高三下学期5月三模考试英语试题 Word版含答案

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2022届山东省泰安市高三下学期5月三模考试英语试题              2022. 05

注意事项：

1      . 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2       . 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡 上, 写在本试卷上无效。

3       . 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。

第一部分阅读（共两节, 满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分）

阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

New York City: the Big Apple

New York City is known by many nicknames （昵称）——such as “the City that Never Sleeps” or “Gotham”- but the most popular one is probably “the Big Apple. Although uses of the phrase are documented in the early 1900s, the term first became popular in the 1920s when John J. Fitz Gerald, a sports writer, started a column about horse racing called “Around the Big Apple. " However, it wasn , t until a tourism campaign in the 1970s that the nickname came to be related to New York City.

Mumbai: the City of Dreams

With an estimated population of 18. 4 million people, Mumbai is one of the most populous cities in India. Mumbai is not only the financial center of India but also the home of Bollywood, one of the most popular Indian movie industries, making this city a particularly appealing place to move to. The opportunities here are endless, which is why Mumbai is often referred to as ”the City of Dreams. "

Sydney: Harbour City

Located on the southeastern coast of Australia, Sydney is a city that takes advantage of its location. Once a major port city, Sydney is sometimes called “Harbour City“ in honor of this real estate. People enjoy hitting the beach to go surfing or snorkeling（浮潜）, and one of the most recognizable buildings, the Sydney Opera House, is right on the harbor!

Paris: the City of Love

Whether it's because French is considered the “language of love” or because of the ro­mantic walks along the Seine River, Paris has distinguished itself as the "City of Love. ” Paris has long attracted those with labors of love, such as writers and artists. Love can be found every­where, from its cozy cafes to the Arts bridge, to which couples in the early 2000s attached locks to demonstrate their commitment to one another.

1.   When did New York City begin to be called “the Big Apple”？

A. In the 2000s. B. In the 1970s. C. In the 1920s. D. In the 1900s.

2.   What is special about Mumbai?

1.    It offers countless chances.
2.    It favors those labors with dream.
3.    It gains popularity among the young.
4.    It makes your financial dreams come true.

3.   Which city may be appealing to an ocean sports fan?

A. New York City. B. Mumbai. C. Sydney. D. Paris.

B

We've all heard the saying/'Life slows down the older you get, " but that's certainly not true for Joan MacDonald.

The 75-year-old fitness influencer has accumulated an incredible following on social media, in part because she's chosen to actively reject the idea that aging robs you of your energy, focus and drive. In fact, MacDonald looks at movement as a "gift, “ and whether you're hitting the gym five days a week, or just beginning your fitness journey 一 it's never too late to take advantage of what your body was meant to do. Get moving.

“Just start with what you can, “ MacDonald tells Guideposts, org when asked what her best piece of advice would be for seniors looking to get active again. "If you can only walk three blocks, start there. Over time aim to add another block. n

And just because you' re starting small, it doesn’t' t mean that a short bike ride or quick stretch session isn't having an impact. The recommended amount of cardio （有氧运动）each day for most adults is 30 minutes, although even short bursts of movement can have a huge impact on decreasing the risk of being overweight, heart problems and other conditions.

The key is consistency. MacDonald knows that the road to healthy isn't easy and sometimes, the struggle can seem impossible to overcome. She had to battle against years of bad habits and recondition her body to push against her imagined limits. She tries to keep her social media channels focused on the positive aspects of working out and eating better, always encouraging and uplifting her followers, and never judging their difficulties 一 or her own. It's that attitude that she says is key to staying active.

“Focus on what is going right and well, “ MacDonald says. "For me, I started my whole transformation because I wanted to feel better. I wanted energy to live my life! Now having my health, strength, and endurance is what keeps me committed. M

4.    What may contribute to MacDonald , shaving numerous followers on social media?

A. Her attitude. B. Her impact. C. Her strength. D. Her journey.

5.    What does MacDonald suggest to the seniors?

1.     They take advantage of what they want.
2.     They start working out with what they can.
3.     They get moving by doing what they need.
4.     They perform short movement as they like.

6.    What difficulties does MacDonald overcome in her fitness journey?

1.     Inspiring the followers and evaluating their troubles.
2.     Holding positive attitudes and keeping a balanced diet.
3.     Managing the social media channels and gaining views.
4.     Breaking bad habits and challenging herself to the limit.

7.    What lesson can we learn from Joan MacDonald?

1.     Prevention is better than cure.
2.     A light heart lives long.
3.     The nature of life lies in sports.
4.     Content is better than riches.

Refugees are on the move in forests across the western U. S. As climate conditions change, the ranges of tree species are shifting, especially toward cooler or wetter sites. A new Stanford analysis, published on November 15th in Nature Communications, provides some of the first confirmable evidence that wildfire is accelerating this process, likely by reducing competition from established species.

“Complex, interdependent（互相依赖的）forces are shaping the future of our forests, J, said study lead author Avery Hill, a graduate student in biology at Stanford, s School of Humanities & Sciences.

As the climate changes, animal and plant species are shifting their ranges toward conditions suitable for their growth and reproduction. Past research has shown that plant ranges are shifting to higher, cooler altitudes at an average rate of almost five feet per year. In many studies, these range shifts fall behind the rate of climate change, suggesting that some species may become stranded （困 住）in unsuitable habitats. The factors that impact plant species' ability to keep up with climate change are key to maintaining healthy populations of the dominant trees in western forests, yet have remained largely mysterious.

To better understand the distance, direction and rate at which tree ranges are shifting, Hill and study co-author Chris Field, the Perry L. McCarty Director of the Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment, looked at how the phenomenon is affected by wildfire, a powerful and widespread driver of ecosystem structure and composition in the western United States.

Using U. S. Forest Service data collected from over 74, 000 plots across nine Western states, the researchers identified tree species that are shifting their ranges toward cooler, wetter sites. Then, they compared the rate of these range shifts between places that were burned by wildfire and places that were not.

The findings demonstrate not only that fire can accelerate tree migration, but that some species may be slowing the range shifts of others through competition. This, in turn, raises questions about the impact of fire management on trees ' ability to keep up with climate change, and points to the importance of low-intensity natural fires.

8. What does the underlined word “Refugees” refer to in the first paragraph?

A. Wildfire.  B. Climate.        C. Animals.       D. Trees.

9. What is unknown in the past researches?

1.   Why plant ranges shift more slowly than climate change.
2.   How plant species' ability influences the weather change.
3.   What causes plant species to be stuck in unfit habitats.
4.   How fast plant ranges shift on a regular basis.

10.   Which possibly influences the rate of trees migration according to the analysis?

1.   Fire management and climate.
2.   Low intensity and natural fires.
3.   Wildfire and other tree species.
4.   Ecosystem structure and ranges.

11.   What can be inferred about this new Stanford analysis?

1.   Different plant species are interdependent.
2.   A natural fire may help forests remain healthy.
3.   Range shifts won' t be affected by fire management.
4.   Competition between species accelerates climate change.

D

Wi-Fi has become an integral part of our fast-paced everyday lives. Thanks to Wi-Fi, we no longer have to be restricted to the Internet with cables. But have you ever stopped to wonder how it works?

Wi-Fi uses radio waves to transmit information between your device and a router （路由 器）via frequencies. Two radio-wave frequencies can be used, depending on the amount of data being sent:2. 4 gigahertz （千赫兹）and 5 gigahertz. What does that mean, though? Well, a hertz is just a measurement of frequency. For example, let' s say you' re sitting on a beach, watching the waves crash to shore. If you measured the time between each wave crash, you' d be measuring the frequency of the waves. One hertz is a frequency of one wave per second. One gigahertz, on the other hand, is one billion waves per second. The higher the frequency, the greater the amount of data transmitted per second.

The two Wi-Fi frequencies are split into multiple channels so as to prevent high traffic and interference. When it comes to sharing the data across these channels, well, that’s when the magic -computer science - happens. The first step in the process is initiated by you. When you access the Internet on your device, it transforms the information you've requested into binary （二进制）code, the language of computers. Everything computers do is based in binary code, a series of Is and 0s. When you click on this article, your request is translated into a bunch of Is and 0s. The frequencies travel across the radio channels mentioned earlier and are received by the Wi-Fi router that your device is connected to. The router then transforms the frequencies back into binary code and translates the code into the Internet traffic that you requested, and the router receives that data through a hardwired Internet cable. The process repeats itself until you have loaded this article ——or anything that requires the Internet.

12.    What is the author's attitude to the Wi-Fi access?

A. Favorable. B. Tolerant. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.

13.     Why does the author mention “sitting on a beach“ in Paragraph 2?

A. To make a prediction.  B. To clarify a concept.

C. To present a fact.  D. To offer a reason.

14.    What is the focus of the last paragraph?

1.     The significance of measuring frequency.
2.     The method of transmitting information.
3.     The function of translating binary code.
4.     The principle of sharing data.

15.    What can be a suitable title for the text?

1.     When Does Wi-Fi Exist?
2.     What Does Wi-Fi Transmit?
3.     How Does Wi-Fi Work?
4.     Why Does Wi-Fi Matter?

第二节（共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）

阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。

Even though I was no skater, I' d always considered Rochester to be a perfect location for an outdoor skatepark. Despite being a place missing some of the pleasures awarded to big-name cities like New York or Chicago, Rochester developed a do-it-yourself attitude in the pursuit of having fun. 16

When I noticed a skate park was being built under the highway on-ramp （匝道）downtown, I was excited ——not because a skate park is a perfect setting to facilitate the DIY charm of Rochester, acting as a sort of melting pot for people of all walks of life to bond together. 17 I wanted to not only take a closer look at its physical design but also the sort of crowds it attracted.

18 Totally clear of any litter, the half pipes, grind rails, and bowls were designed with a consistent blue and yellow color scheme. There were even multicolored rows of tile （瓦片）that lined the top edge of the park' s bowls.

After taking some beautiful photos of the park, I began chatting with Vazquez, manager of the skatepark. 19 "Look at all these people. So many people come here to skate. No matter the color of your skin, or your beliefs, everyone is brought together here by skating, n said he. 20 While I was walking back over the pavement, the ground under my feet seemed to have a pulse ： life's heartbeat could be found at this park.

1.    I took a fancy to skating at an early age.
2.    He was believed to be a top-level skater.
3.    So, I decided to visit the skatepark for the first time.
4.    He enthusiastically and proudly shared something with me.
5.    I was struck by how much care went into the park' s repair and design.
6.   Soon after my conversation with Vazquez was over, I headed to my car.
7.    That breathed unique life into the city and gave it a special Rochester flavor.

第二部分语言运用（共两节, 满分30分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分）

阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选 项。

I was growing up in Minnesota, “Joe Versus the Volcano” was one of my favorite movies. I longed to be swept away to a tropical island. But as I 21 myself in La Palma reporting on the Cumbre Vieja （老昆布雷火山）eruption in the Spanish Canary Islands, ! quickly realized that there, s nothing romantic about volcanoes - even on an island.

I had come prepared - an N95 mask, and a baseball cap my Spanish mother-in-law lent me. But nothing could 22 me for the invasiveness （入侵）of the 23 ash. It fell from the sky like a rainstorm, lining streets, covering doorways, and filling the splits of my ears.

It wasn' t long before the airlines 24 all flights. When tourists began panic-buying all the boat tickets as I was 25 residents about their futures, ! realized I had, indeed, missed the boat.

For two days, I wandered 26 streets awaiting the recovery of travel, carrying a backpack and feeling progressively stuck - and at times 27 . And then I realized I was being given the chance for deeper 28 . Here I was experiencing, although in much lesser 29 . what the people I was writing about were feeling: 30 and frustration from living next to an erupting volcano with no end in 31 .

Like the people of La Palma, I 32 on others to get me through - from the English woman who gave me a bag of oranges from her garden to the church that let me use the bathroom after being 33 at the top of a mountain.

As I finally left - via boat - I realized how 34 I was to have experienced the humanity of the people in La Palma in the face of crisis. I know it' s what will pull them 35 it.

第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)

阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

It' s time to update your maps, because the Earth now has a total of five oceans. Though 36 (accept) by scientists for some time, the Southern Ocean wouldn't be found on any National Geographic maps—until now.

Cartographers (地图绘制者)at the National Geographic 37 (official) recognized the fifth ocean on World Ocean Day, 8 June 2021. The “new" ocean borders the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Oceans, which is why geographers 38 (argue) for some time as to whether it was in fact unique enough to be classed as a different ocean, 39 just cold regions of the three oceans.

“There is of course just one interconnected world ocean, but it has traditionally been divided into four regions: the Pacific, Atlantic, Arctic, and Indian oceans, n said Alex Tait on Twitter, who is 40 geographer in the National Geographic Society.

uScientists have known for many years that the icy 41 (water) around Antarctica form a distinct ecological region defined 42 ocean currents and temperatures. But the international community, through the International Hydrographic Organization（IHO）, has not agreed on a name and extent of this 43 （five） ocean region. ”

While many called this region the Southern Ocean, some scientists called 44 the Antarctic Ocean, others said Austral Ocean. Either way, it is distinct enough to be 45 （deserve） of its new status.

第三部分写作（共两节, 满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

假定你是校英文报English Sky的编辑李华, 想为该报“文化古迹之旅”专栏向全校学 生征集稿件。请你写一封征稿启事, 内容包括：

1       . 稿件要求；

2        . 投稿方式；

3       . 截止日期。

注意:

4        写作词数应为80左右；

5        . 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Contributions Wanted

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。

A Christmas Goose Kept Them Warm

This late in December, my younger brother, Buddy Earl, and I were on an important mis­sion: Go to Uncle Tommie' s place and get a goose. The hike over Little Mountain and back to get there would be worth it. Uncle Tommie raised the best geese around, and he' d offered to give us one for Christmas dinner.

Dark clouds were gathering in the sky above and a cold wind came in from the north. The snow would be falling soon enough. Uncle Tommie met us at the door with a worried expression. "I'm not rushing you boys off, “ he said/'but the way the wind is picking up, you better get the goose and head for home. ”

I didn't argue. Having scooped （迅速抱住）up a goose in the yard and held him tightly under my arm, I said a quick thank you and goodbye. Buddy and I had what we came for: the best Christmas dinner ever. A light snow started as we began climbing up Little Mountain. We didn’t' t talk for a while. The snow came down harder and the wind seemed to blow straight through my coat. I stroked （轻抚）the goose's head and said JI wish we had feathers to keep us warm like you, or heavier coats.”

The goose hid his head closer to his feathered body. By the time we reached the top of the mountain, both Buddy Earl and I were in horror. We could barely see through the snow spinning （旋转）around us. Thunder crashed and flashes of lightning made the trees appear as giant monsters reaching out with fingers.

“Doug, I'm freezing, ” Buddy Earl said. "I think we should go back. n But we were closer to home than to Uncle Tommie's house. We had to push on. I was so cold, my legs getting so stiff, I honestly wondered if we would make it.

I grasped Uncle Tommie' s goose closer to my chest. That bird was the only thing warm about me. 注意：

1    . 续写词数应为150左右；

2      . 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

With an idea occurring to mg I stepped to my brother and asked him to open his coat.

Settled in front of the warm stove we explained how the goose had kept us from freezing.