初中Section A图文课件ppt

这是一份初中Section A图文课件ppt，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了谓语部分构成，常用时间状语，时间状语从句，基本句式，基本用法，不同点，asking，looking，carrying，closing等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、定义 二、谓语部分构成三、常用时间状语 四、基本句式五、基本用法 六、拓展七、练习 八、中考真题
过去进行时态表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间，除了有上下文暗示以外，一般用过去某一时刻或某一段时间的时间状语来表示。
例1.I was having a class at this time yesterday.昨天这个时候我正在上课。例2.She was drawing a bird when the teacher came in.老师进来的时候，她正在画一只鸟。
例3.What were yu ding at eight last night ? 昨晚八点钟你在做什么？例4.We were wrking frm tw t fur yesterday afternn. 昨天下午，我们从两点工作到四点。
由时态助动词was或were加动词的现在分词构成，即was/were +动词-ing形式。注：主语是第一人称单数或第三人称单数时，时态助动词用was,其余人称用were。
过去进行时除了有上下文暗示以外，一般要用下列表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间的时间状语（包括状语从句）： then（当时，那时）, at this/that time yesterday, last night,at six yesterday mrning, all night,all the mrning, frm 8 t 10 this mrning等。
My brther was taking dwn the wden huse at that time.那时我哥哥正在拆除那座小木屋。She was watching TV all night.她一整夜都在看电视。He was mending his bike at five 'clck yesterday afternn. 他昨天下午五点钟在修理自行车。
A: What was he ding when the rainstrm came? 暴风雨来的时候他在干什么？B: He was reading in the library when the rainstrm came. 暴风雨来的时候他在图书馆看书。
A: What was Jenny ding while Linda was sleeping? 琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮在做什么？B: While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her hmewrk. 琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮在帮助玛丽做作业。
He was drawing pictures at fur yesterday afternn. 昨天下午4点他正在画画。
1.肯定句：主语+was/were+动词-ing形式+其他.
They were having an English class at that time yesterday.昨天那个时候他们正在上英语课。
Jim wasn't writing a letter at 9:00 yesterday evening.昨天晚上九点吉姆没在写信。
2.否定句：主语+was/were+nt+动词-ing+其他.
注： was nt 常缩略为wasn't/wɒznt/ were nt常缩略为weren't/wɜː(r)nt/
3.一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+动词-ing+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes，主语+was/were. 否定回答：N，主语+wasn't/weren't.
—Were yu reading a bk at this time yesterday? 昨天这个时候你在看书吗？ —Yes, I was./N, I wasn't. 是的，我在看书。/不，我没在看书。
4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+ was/were +主语+动词-ing形式+其他？
What was he ding at eight this mrning?今天早上八点他在做什么？
(1)表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作 表示这一用法时，常用at that mment(就在那时候)、at ten 'clck lastnight(在昨晚10点)、at this time yesterday(在昨天的这个时候)等作时间状语。
—What were yu ding at seven last night? 昨晚7点钟你在做什么？—I was watching TV 我在看电视。
—What were yu ding at this time yesterday?  你昨天这个时候在干什么？—I was playing basketball with my friends. 我在和朋友们打篮球。
(2)表示过去某阶段正在进行或暂时性的动作表示这一用法时，常用yesterday(昨天)、last night(昨天晚上)、last winter(去年冬天)等作时间状语。
We were expecting yu yesterday.我们昨天一直在等你。We were visiting varius museums in Lndn when we stayed there.在伦敦逗留期间，我们参观了各种博物馆。
He was writing a bk abut grammar last year, but I dn’t knw whether he has finished it.他去年在写一本语法方面的书，但我不知道他现在是否写完了。He was wrking frm 7 t 11 last night.昨晚他从七点一直工作到十一点。
(3)用来描写故事情景，或提供故事发生的时间背景Mary was dancing, but when she saw me she stpped.玛丽正在跳舞，但是当她看到我时，就不跳了。While I was wrking in the garden, the accident happened.正当我在花园里干活时，事故发生了。
She was sitting at the windw, watching the evening invade the avenue. Suddenly she heard smene calling her frm dwnstairs. She recgnized the vice and std up quickly.她坐在窗前，看着暮色渐渐笼罩大街。突然，她听到楼下有人叫她。她听出了这声音，迅速地站了起来。
The fire was burning fiercely. Children were crying. Wmen were running abut and men were trying t put it ut.熊熊大火在燃烧着。孩子在哭，妇女们到处跑，男人们在尽力扑灭大火。
(4)过去进行时与 always, frever, cntinually等副词连用，表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩。She was always ringing me up when I was in Lndn.我在伦敦时，她总是不停地给我打电话。(表示厌烦)
Je was always cmplaining abut her busy life.乔总是抱怨自己生活繁忙。(表示不耐烦)She was always helping thers when she lived here.她住在这里时总是帮助别人。(表示褒扬)
My brther was always lsing his keys.我哥哥老是丢钥匙。(表示厌烦)The by was cntinually asking the same questin. 这个男孩子老是问同一个问题。(表示不耐烦)
(5)有时过去进行时并不表示过去的时间，而是表达现在的客气、礼貌或不确定等感情色彩。此类动词主要有hpe, wnder, think, expect等。 We were wndering if yu wuld stay with us fr lunch. 我不知你能否留下来和我们一起吃午饭。
I was hping yu give me a chance t try the jb. 我很希望你给我一个机会来试一试这个工作。I was thinking maybe he culd g by taxi.我在想或许他可以坐出租车去。
(6)过去进行时表将来
表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作，常表示“渐渐”、“快要”、“越来越”、“马上”等。常见的此类动词有cme, g, start, begin, leave, arrive, get, becme. turn等非持续性动词，偶尔有些持续性动词如d，stay, take等也常表示过去“将要”。
He said his parents were ging t America sn.他说他的父母不久将去美国。They didn't say when they were cming.他们没有说他们什么时候来。
—What were yu ding when he came t see yu? 他来看你时你在干什么？—I had just finished my hmewrk and was leaving t. 我刚做完作业，正准备离开。 He said his brther was leaving fr Japan tmrrw.  他说他哥哥明天要去日本。 
We were running ut f the gas.我们的汽油快用光了。It was getting dark when we arrived.我们到达时天渐渐变黑了。She tld me that she was leaving fr Italy the next day.她告诉我她第二天就出发到意大利。
(7)少数动词如rain, snw, cugh, wear, feel, wrk等的一般过去时并不表示动作完成，这时用两种时态都可以，且含义区别不大。It snwed / was snwing all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天的雪。She didn’t feel / wasn’t feeling well that day. 那天她感到不太舒服。The child cughed / was cughing all night. 这孩子咳嗽了一整夜。
拓展一：过去进行时与一般过去时的用法区别
过去进行时表示过去正在进行或发生的动作，强调动作的持续性，动作可能尚未完成；而一般过去时则多强调动作的发生或已完成。
Mary was writing a letter t her father last night.玛丽昨晚一直在给她爸爸写信。强调写信过程的延续性，但信不一定写完了。Mary wrte a letter t her father last night.玛丽昨晚给她爸爸写了封信。强调“写信”这个动作，信已经写完了。
agree, is, am, are,believe,belng,care ,frget,hate,hear, knw, like, lve, mean, mind,ntice, wn,remember seem, suppse,want,wish等。I was knwing the answer.(x)
扩展二：不能用于过去进行时的动词
拓展三：when和while的用法
共同点：都可引导时间状语从句意为“当……的时候”
when 引导的时间状语从句，既可表示时间点，也可表示时间段，从句中谓语动词可以是瞬间性动词，也可以是延续性动词。while引导的时间状语从句表示某个时间段，从句谓语动词必须用延续性动词，且多用于进行时态。
The Smiths were having dinner when I visited them last Sunday.上个星期天当我去拜访史密斯一家时，他们正在吃晚饭。My mther came back while I was cleaning my bedrm.当我在打扫卧室时，我妈回来了。
注意： 若主句和从句的动作同时发生且两句都用过去进行时的时候，多用while引导。Mary was reading in the library while Jack was playing sccer n the playgrund.玛丽在图书馆里读书时，杰克正在操场上踢足球。
1. ask —lk —carry —
2. clse — take — ride —
3. swim —get —sit —
4. put —begin —travel—
写出下列单词的现在分词
1.I______ (play) cmputer games at ten last ’s family ______ (have) supper when I came _______ (rain) hard at this time (d) while I____(make) a mdel ___just _____(leave) when the telephne ________(have) a P.E class at fur yesterday .
练习一：用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.They __________ (read) at eight yesterday evening.2.I ________ (d) my hmewrk at that time when yu called yu _______ (sweep) the flr while yur mther _________(ck) ?4.We (nt talk) with each ther yesterday mrning. 5. What ___ yu _____(d) at eight last night?
were reading
Were sweeping
weren't talking
were ding
6. I (wrk) frm six t eight every evening tw years ag.7. She (walk) hme when she _____(see) her ld friend.8. I (read) a nvel when I ______(have) a sudden idea.9. Clin _________ (play) ftball with them at seven yesterday evening.
was walking
was reading
was playing
10.____ they_____ (help) yu with yur English frm 8-10 last night ?11. We___________(listen) t the music while they __________(sing) .12. My daughter____________(brush) her teeth when I _______(call) her.
Were helping
were listening
were singing
was brushing
1．——What d yu think f the talk shw last night? ——I didn't watch it. I ______ mum with sme chres. A. helped B. was helping C. have helped
【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意:—你觉得昨天晚上的谈话节目怎样?—我没有看，我在帮助妈妈做家务。A. helped 一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作，B was helping 过去进行时，表示过去正在发生的动作;C. have helped 现在完成时，表示已经发生或完成的动作。本题表示谈话节目上演时，我正在帮忙做家务，用过去进行时态，故选B。
2． ——I called yu last night, but nbdy answered. Where were yu then? ——Oh, I ____________ my pet dg in my yard. A. walked B. was walking C. am walking D. will walk
【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——昨晚我给你打电话了，但是没人接，那时你在哪里？——哦，我在院子里正在遛我的宠物狗。A.一般过去时；B.过去进行时；C.现在进行时；D.一般将来时。根据 Where were yu then，可知是昨晚打电话那时正在遛狗，所以用过去进行时，故选B。
3.I saw him in the library yesterday. He____a bk at that mment. A. reads B. is reading C.was reading D. will read
【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】at that mment 意为“在那时”，表示过去的 时间点，表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作,用过去进行时，故选C。句意是：我昨天在图书馆里看见他了，那时他正在看书。
4．The students____ the Art Festival when I passed by their schl. A. celebrate B. were celebrating C. will celebrate D. have celebrated
【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】考查过去进行时，难度适中，当我经过学校是，学生正在庆祝艺术节，由passed一词可知是一般过去时，答案选B。
5．—I went t yur ffice at 9: 00 yesterday mrning, but yu were nt in. —Srry, I ________ with the manager in the meeting rm at that time. A. am talking B. was talking C. were talking D. have talked
【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——昨天早上九点我去了你的办公室，但是你不在。——对不起，在那时我正在会议室和经理说话。A.现在进行时；B.过去进行时；C.过去进行时；D.现在完成时。根据at 9: 00 yesterday mrning，可知是过去进行时，结构是was/were+ding，主语是I，所以用was，talk的ing是talking，故选B。
6．—Sam, what will the weather be like tmrrw? —Srry, Mum. I didn't watch the weather frecast just nw. I_____a ftball match. A. was watching B. am watching C.wuld watch D. will watch
【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：---山姆，明天天气怎么样？---抱歉妈妈，我刚才没有看天气预报，我在看足球赛。根据前一句的just nw可知此处用过去的某种时态。根据语境可知，山姆在播放天气预报的时候正在看足球赛，错过了天气预报，所以此处用过去进行时，故答案为A。
7．The by was _____ n the grund and he had _____ bicycle behind the big tree. A. lying; laid B. lying; lay C. lay; lain D. lied; lied
【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：这个男孩躺在地上，他把自行车放在了大树的后面。lie有两个意思，躺下，这时过去式是lay，过去分词是lain，现在分词是lying；另一个意思是撒谎，过去式和过去分词是lied；lay可以作为lie的过去式，也可以做动词原形，意思是下蛋，放置，过去式和过去分词是laid。根据句意可知，第一个空是躺下，用的是过去进行时，故这里填现在分词lying；第二个空是放置，用的是过去完成时，故填lay的过去分词laid。选A。
8.— Has Tm finished his hmewrk? — Srry, I dn't knw. He ___it this mrning when I saw him. A. did B. des C. has dne D. was ding
【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】when“当……的时候”，句意:今天杰克逊已经完成了他的作业吗?——我不知道,但是当我今天早晨看见他时他正在做。结合语境可知下文描述的是在过去某个时间正在进行。故用过去进行时，选D。
9．Srry I'm late. I _______ with a friend and I cmpletely frgt the time. A. talk B. am talking C. was talking D. will talk【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：对不起，我迟到了。我和一个朋友聊天，我完全忘记了时间。and连接并列结构，前后时态须一致，frgt是过去式，可排除A、B和D三项。根据句意语境，故选C。
10．It ___ when I___ my hmewrk last night. A. raining, did B. rained, was ding C. was raining, d D. rains, was ding【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：昨晚当我正在做作业时，下雨了。结合语境可知主句描述的是过去发生的动作，故用一般过去时态。从句中描述的是过去某时正在进行的动作，故用过去进行时态。选Ｂ。