还剩15页未读，
继续阅读
2022届新高考英语考前冲刺卷 试卷一（新高考Ⅱ）
展开
这是一份2022届新高考英语考前冲刺卷 试卷一（新高考Ⅱ），共18页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022届新高考英语考前冲刺卷试卷一（新高考Ⅱ）
第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Rachel Kunhner, the author of Telex from Cuba, The Mars Room, and The Flamethrowers, has got some excellent books for you.
Agortino by Alberto Moravla (1944).
When my son turned 13, my mother said to me, “You have to read Agostino.” Agosino is a perfect novella and perhaps the best literate ever written about being a 13-year-old boy. It’s painful and tender and funny. A masterpiece.
The Copenhagen Trilogy by Tove Ditlevsen(1967- 1971).
Ditlevsen was a 20th-century Danish writer. Her trilogy of short memoirs, Childhood, Youth, and Dependency, is becoming the subject of a literary craze. As soon as you sink your teeth in, you’ll understand why. The books are fascinating. The problem is they bite back. I’m still recovering.
Star by Yukio Mishima (1960).
There are a lot of Mishima novels that haven’t been translated into English. This novella about a movie star losing touch with reality only recently was. “A true star, ” Mishima writes, “never arrives. Showing up is for second-rate actor who need to seek attention. ” Want to seem glamorous? Stay home. Attending things is for the second-rate.
The Expendable Man by Dorothy B. Hughes (1963).
Donna Tart once recommended Hughes to me. I’m so glad she did. While Hughes’ most famous book, deservedly so, is In a Lonely Place. The Expendable Man has one of the best opening sequences of any mystery novel: A man driving from L. A.to Phoenix picks up a hitchhiker—a dirty and ungraceful teenage girl—with grave consequences.
1.Which book may appeal to readers crazy about mystery-solving stories?
A.Star. B.The Expendable Man.
C.The Copenhagen Theology. D.Agostino.
2.What do we know about these books?
A.There has been no English version of the book Star up to now.
B.The Copenhagen Trilogy describes the author’s whole life.
C.All these books are recommended to Rachel Kuchner by others.
D.Agostino is a good choice for parents of teenagers.
3.Where is this text most likely from?
A.A column. B.A guidebook C.An announcement. D.A textbook
B
On Monday, Xu Mengtao won her first Olympic gold in women's aerials(空中技巧) at the2022 Beijing Winter Games. It was not hard to see what it meant for Xu; When the score 108. 61 came up with a “1”by her name, she pointed one, then two fingers to the sky and let out a scream.
“Xu is one of the handful of women to consistently try the high-risk triple flips(三周空翻) over the years,” said American Ashley Caldwell, another triple-flip enthusiast who finished fourth. “While triple flips are not unheard of among the women, the list of athletes who have tried them consistently is short, At the last two Olympics, only four of the 12 finalists tried triple flips in the final round,”
Women's aerials is a sport full of risk-takers but all the risks are very calculated. Since the competitions go through a series of qualifying and elimination(淘汰)rounds that include only one jump each, only a select few over the years have been willing to give up the certainty of a solid score with a double flip for the triple flips.
Xu doesn’t adopt the strategy and keeps trying the triple flips. “It adds extra some might say unnecessary risk to the early rounds,” Xu once said. “But I'm OK sacrificing some good competition results to make the sport look good.”
Failures at the last three Olympics tested the limits of how much X was willing to sacrifice. In meet after meet, from Vancouver to Sochi to Pyeongchan, her strategy kept her away from the gold medal but she kept pushing anyway.
“It's a sense of mission accomplished. This is a winning night for women’s aerials too” Xu said after the award ceremony. “If a lot of girls are doing triple flips up there and I fall, there would still be a lot of girls who would do well, If I mess up, that's OK.”
4.What can we infer from Ashley Caldwell’s words?
A.Xu Mengtao is very sensitive B.No athlete wants to try the triple flips.
C.Women are not good risk-takers. D.Most athletes want to avoid uncertainties.
5.What does the third paragraph intend to do?
A.Draw a conclusion B.Provide additional information.
C.Lead in the main topic D.Summarize the previous paragraphs.
6.Why does Xu Mengtao keep trying the triple flips?
A.She really loves unnecessary risks.
B.She wants to show off her new trick.
C.She hopes to attract more girls to aerials.
D.She wishes to make the sport more enjoyable.
7.Which of the following best describes Xu Mengtao?
A.Determined. B.Curious. C.Calculating. D.Outgoing.
C
As for Benjamin Franklin’ s kite-and-key experiment, most people are aware of the version in which Franklin “discovered” electricity when lightning struck his kite. However, several details about this experiment are unknown, including when and where it happened. Some historians even doubt whether it took place.
In fact, electricity had already been used for centuries before Franklin’ s experiment. Franklin lived from 1706 to 1790 when electricity was understood as the interaction between two different fluids(流体), which Franklin later referred to as “plus” and “minus”.
It was unknown before Franklin’ s experiment whether lightning was electrical, though some scientists, including Franklin, had guessed just that. Franklin was particularly interested in this because lightning strikes had caused disastrous fires where houses were made of wood. Actually, by creating a lightning rod(避雷针), Franklin helped to protect wooden buildings from being struck by lightning.
A few publications reported the experiment. In 1771 Franklin referred to the experiment in his autobiography, and other colleagues also wrote about it. Notably, the experiment appeared in “History and Present Status of Electricity” by Joseph Priestley. Priestley heard about the kite-and-key experiment from Franklin himself around 15 years after the fact, and in his book, he wrote it occurred in June 1752.
However, in a book by Tom Tucker, he noted Franklin’ s description of his experiment was phrased in the future conditional tense: “As soon as any of the Thunder Clouds come over the Kite, the pointed Wire will draw the Electric Fire from them...” Franklin could have simply been saying that the experiment could, in theory, be performed. Given that his statement has a few missing details—Franklin didn’ t list a date, time or location, for example—it’s possible that Franklin did not perform the experiment himself.
However, some historians remain unconvinced that the experiment wasn’ t carried out. Franklin experts, such as biographer Carl Van Doren, also point to the fact that Priesfiey specified the month in which Franklin performed his experiment, suggesting that Franklin must have given him precise details directly.
8.What was Franklin’ s achievement?
A.He invented the lightning rod.
B.He discovered electricity.
C.He thought of ways to control fire.
D.He improved the structure of homes.
9.What can we learn from paragraph 4 ?
A.Franklin lived in the 17th century.
B.Priestley’ s book came out in 1786.
C.Priestley and Franklin were close friends.
D.Priestley wrote the experiment happened in summer.
10.Why was the future conditional tense stressed by Tucker?
A.To indicate he was good at observing.
B.To point out Franklin was careless in writing.
C.To show Franklin was just saying a possibility.
D.To prove Franklin did the experiment by himself.
11.What is mainly talked about in the text?
A.The discovery of electricity.
B.The development of the lightning rod.
C.Benjamin Franklin’ s autobiography.
D.Different opinions on Franklin’ s experiment.
D
The South Pole has been warming at more than three times the global average over the past 30 years, according to research led by Ohio University professor Ryan Fogt, and Kyle Clem, who is a current postdoctoral research fellow in climate science. According to the study, this warming period was mainly driven by natural tropical(热带的)climate variability and was likely strengthened by increases in greenhouse gases。
Clem and his team analyzed weather station data at the South Pole, as well as climate models to examine the warming in the Antarctic interior(内陆). They found that between 1989 and 2018, the South Pole had warmed by about 1, 8℃ over the past 30 years at a rate of 十0. 6℃ per decade—three times the global average.
The study also found that the strong warming over the Antarctic interior in the last 30 years was mainly driven by the tropics, especially warm ocean temperatures in the western tropical Pacific Ocean that changed the winds in the South Atlantic near Antarctica and increased the delivery of warm air to the South Pole. They suggest these atmospheric changes along Antarctica's coast are an important mechanism driving climate anomalies (异常事物)in its interior.
Clem and Fogt argue that these warming trends were unlikely the result of natural climate change alone, stressing the effects of added warming related to human activities on top of the large tropical climate signal on Antarctic climate have worked together to make this one of the strongest warming trends worldwide.
"From the very beginning, Kyle and I worked very well together and were able to accomplish more as a team than we were individually, "Fogt said. "We have published every year together since 2013, with one of our continuing collaborations being the annual State of the Climate reports. Our work on this project together each year ultimately led to this publication documenting the warming at the South Pole. However, most importantly for my family and me, apart from being a fantastic scientist and collaborator, Kyle is also considered as one of our closest friends. "
12.What is the major cause of the South Pole's warming according to the research?
A.The weather station. B.Lack of winds.
C.Increases of greenhouse gases. D.Natural tropical climate change.
13.What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A.The tropical climate signals in the Antarctic interior.
B.The effect of human activities on the warming trends.
C.The detailed explanation for the South Pole's warming.
D.The unpleasant consequences of natural climate change.
14.Which of the following does Fogt most probably agree on?
A.Cooperation is valued in scientific research.
B.Getting science paper published is difficult.
C.Friendship is more important than science.
D.Family support plays a key role in science.
15.From which is the text most probably taken?
A.A chemistry textbook. B.A science magazine.
C.A travel brochure. D.A science novel.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Qualities of good leaders
Leaders are needed to manage a country or any organization. They are very important people.Under good leaders, the country will be stable and peaceful. In this way, it can make great progress.
___16__ They too need good leaders to lead them. They cannot grow or do well without good management or leaders. Schools too need leaders. They are the headmaster, class monitors, prefects, and game captains. All of them have an important role to play to ensure the smooth running of the school. At home, parents are the leaders guiding the family.
___17__ A leader should take his work or position seriously and carry out his duties to the best of his ability. He should always think of what is best for his people, whether they are staff members, family, or any group of people.
A leader is also someone who helps others become more than they ever thought was possible. Leadership is about unlocking potential, whether individual potential or that of a group, company, or organization. __18___ Instead, it is inspiring them to see what they are capable of and then helping them get there.
Leaders of a country should always put the interests of their people first. They have to be approachable, caring, and concerned about the welfare of those under them. A good leader should be willing to listen to his people's problems or suggestions. __19___
It is not easy to be a good and true leader. ___20__ True and good leadership requires one to make sacrifices, including putting others before oneself. He is often the mentor who prompts others to be their best, someone who cares and listens, and is willing to always be there for them.
A. Neither is it impossible.
B. The same goes for organizations.
C. It is not about telling people what to do.
D. To do this, a leader is to be honest, and truthful.
E. That is why a good leader is likely to train good followers.
F. This is then followed up by doing his best to solve these problems.
G. To me, the most important quality of a leader is a strong sense of responsibility.
第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last week, Tom and his morn went to a restaurant to celebrate his fifth birthday. When he and his mom were talking there, a waitress 21 curiously from a distance. Eventually, the waitress realized that the mom was talking in sign language to her little boy who also had 22 aids in his ears.
When the waitress 23 that it was Tom’s birthday, she decided to give the boy a special gift.
She went to the Internet and 24 how to say “happy birthday” in sign language. She quickly got all the rules down. Then, she went up to Tom’s table and 25 to him, “Happy birthday to you!” Tom and his mom were really 26 .
Later, Tom’s mom said this was the first time he had 27 in sign language with people other than her and his teacher. It was a simple phrase 28 it was an important gift for Tom.
She added that the 29 from the waitress made her very moved. “Thanks to the 30 waitress, his fifth birthday is one that we will 31 for a lifetime” the mom said. “My boy was always worried that he would appear very 32 when he was talking in sign language. Today, he saw that someone 33 tried to talk to him in his 34 language. It's very 35 for him.”
21.A.commented B.sang C.concluded D.watched
22.A.walking B.reading C.hearing D.speaking
23.A.admitted B.learned C.expected D.imagined
24.A.adjusted B.looked up C.reflected on D.went through
25.A.signed B.pretended C.shouted D.whispered
26.A.frightened B.hurt C.confused D.impressed
27.A.studied B.taught C.talked D.settled
28.A.and B.so C.or D.but
29.A.gift B.apology C.benefit D.explanation
30.A.silly B.impatient C.kind D.busy
31.A.work B.celebrate C.enjoy D.remember
32.A.noisy B.funny C.rich D.excited
33.A.angrily B.actually C.shyly D.casually
34.A.special B.formal C.secret D.official
35.A.difficult B.free C.important D.useless
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists recently used 3D imaging technology to look inside the mummies (干尸) of a cat,abird, and a snake. The research is helping experts learn more about how ancient Egyptians__36___(treat)animals.
Researchers said that they used a special technique, X-ray micro CT scanning, to look inside the mummies. The scanning process permits the scientists ___37__ (study) the mummies while keeping them whole. The CT scans were much more ___38__(detail) than medical CT scans.
Carolyn Graves-Brown, a writer of the study, ___39__ (lead) the Egypt Centre at Swansea University in Britain, noted that __40___ three mummies were likely made as gifts to the gods that Egyptians believed in. The dead animals were thought to serve ___41__ a link between Egyptian gods and living people.
The mummies had long been in Swansea's collection. Experts are not sure of __42___ (they) exact age.
The researchers found evidence ___43__ the snake, a young Egyptian Cobra, had been denied water while alive. It was likely killed by a severe break of its backbone.
The researchers found the snake's mouth open. These ___44__ (find) suggest the snake had been part of an "opening of the mouth" ceremony.
Graves-Brown noted that the finding supports ___45__ (early) evidence that the act was carried out with animals.The scientist added, "We know it was carried out on humans."
第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假设你是学生李华,你校即将迎来 60 年校庆,在校庆典礼上,你将代表在校学生为广大校友及国际友人致欢迎辞,请为此写一篇英文发言稿,内容包括:
1. 表示欢迎;
2. 介绍活动安排;
3. 表达感谢。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为 80 左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Three friends John, George, and Henry came from a town to a city. They were on job hunting.John got a job as a salesman in a company. George got a job of mechanic in a machinery store andHenry joined as a receptionist in a hospital. The three friends were very happy at their work.
Six months passed.As a receptionist Henry was doing well. One day, one of the patients could not wait for his turn. He kept walking to and fro near the door. Henry requested him to be seated. But after a few minutes the same thing was repeated. Henry lost his patience and shouted at him,
"Can't you sit and wait for your turn?" Henry burst.
"Oh! What matters you, when I stand on my own legs? Does it ache your legs?" the tall man replied.
Henry felt upset. Spending the life among the narrow-minded patients was troublesome for him. He could not stand that job further. He met his friend John. With John's help, he became a salesperson in the same company. Henry felt quite fine and comfortable for a few days. On a sunny afternoon an old lady entered the shop.
"Hello, sir! Can I get that tool which can fasten and unfasten the belt of an easy chair?"
"Madam! I did not get you?"
"I need some tools. Can you show me the varieties?"
"Oh! Madam, why do you come without the knowledge of the tool?" Henry felt annoyed.
"How come you are the salesperson without having the art of listening to the customers?" She complained.
At this point, John appeared and received the old lady with patience. The lady left the store being pleased by the good gesture of John. Henry just stood there with a blank look on his face staring at his friend.
“One should have patience to listen to the customers. Understand their problem to help them. That makes the business." John told Henry. John was promoted to a higher position for his soft skill.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Henry was not content with that job and approached another friend George.____________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
At this point, George appeared and received the customer with patience.________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1.B; 2.D; 3.A
解析：1.细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The Expendable Man has one of the best opening sequences of any mystery novel: A man driving from L. A. to Phoenix picks up a hitchhiker—a dirty and ungraceful teenage girl—with grave consequences.(《敢死队》的开篇是所有推理小说中最精彩的一幕之一:一个男人从洛杉矶开车到凤凰城,让一个肮脏又不优雅的少女搭车,结果造成了严重的后果)”可知,《敢死队》可能会吸引痴迷于推理小说的读者。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中“When my son turned 13, my mother said to me, “You have to read Agostino.”( 当我的儿子13岁的时候,我的母亲对我说,“你必须读Agostino。”)”可知,Agostino对于有十几岁的孩子的父母来说是个不错的选择。故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据第一段“Rachel Kunhner, the author of Telex from Cuba, The Mars Room, and The Flamethrowers, has got some excellent books for you.(《古巴电传》、《火星房间》和《火焰喷射器》的作者雷切尔·昆纳为你准备了几本好书)”结合这篇文章介绍了四本书,可推知,文章最有可能出现在图书专栏中。故选A。
B
答案：4.D; 5.B; 6.D; 7.A
解析：4.推理判断题。根据第二段的“While triple flips are not unheard of among the women, the list of athletes who have tried them consistently is short...At the last two Olympics,only four of the 12 finalists tried triple flips in the final round.(虽然女子三周空翻并非闻所未闻,但一直尝试三翻的运动员寥寥无几。在过去两届奥运会上,12名决赛选手中只有4人在最后一轮尝试了三翻)”可推断,大部分运动员避开这个高风险的三周空翻是为了避免得分的不确定性。故选D。
5.推理判断题。根据第三段的“Since the competitions go through a series of qualifying and elimination(淘汰)rounds that include only one jump each,only a select few over the years have been willing to give up the certainty of a solid score with a double flip for the triples.(由于比赛要经过一系列的预选赛和淘汰赛,每个预选赛都只有一个跳远环节,所以在过去的几年里,只有少数被选中的选手愿意放弃双翻的稳定分数,而选择三翻)”推知,本段的目的是提供奥运会的背景知识,即在奥运会上,空中技巧是淘汰赛,运动员只有一次试错机会,所以大部分运动员不愿意做三周空翻动作。故选B。
6.细节理解题。根据第四段的“But I'm OK sacrificing some good competition results to make the sport look good.(但我可以牺牲一些好的比赛成绩来让这项运动看起来更好)”可知,徐梦涛坚持三周空翻是希望提高空中技巧的观赏性。故选D。
7.推理判断题。根据第五段“Failures at the last three Olympics tested the limits of how much Xu was willing to sacrifice, in meet after meet,from Vancouver to Sochi to Pyeongchan,her strategy kept her away from the gold medal but she kept pushing anyway.(会的失败考验了徐梦涛愿意做出多大牺牲的极限。在一场接一场的比赛中,从温哥华到索契再到平昌,她的策略让她与金牌失之交臂,但她仍在努力)”推知,徐梦桃是锲而不舍的。故选A。
C
答案：8.A; 9.D; 10.C; 11.D
解析：8.细节理解题。由第三段中的“Actually, by creating a lightning rod (避雷针), Franklin helped to protect wooden buildings from being struck by lightning.(实际上,通过制造避雷针,富兰克林帮助保护木制建筑免受雷击)"可知,富兰克林发明了避雷针。故选A项。
9.细节理解题。由第四段中的“Priestley heard about the kite and key experiment from Franklin himself around l5 years after the fact. And in his book, he wrote it occurred in June 1752.(大约15年后,Priestley从富兰克林本人那里听说了风筝和钥匙实验,并在他的书中写道,它发生在1752年6月)"可知,Priestley写下了富兰克林在夏天进行的风筝和钥匙实验。故选D项。
10.推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的"Franklin could have simply been saying that the experiment could, in theory. be performed. Given that his statement has a few missing details—Franklin didn 't list a date, time or location, for example it's possible that Franklin did not perform the experiment himself. (富兰克林本可以简单地说,理论上,这个实验是可以进行的。鉴于富兰克林的声明缺少一些细节,例如,他没有列出日期、时间或地点,富兰克林可能没有亲自进行实验)"可知,Tom Tucker认为富兰克林在书中使用将来时来描述他的实验,是认为这可能只是富兰克林在说一种理论上的可能性,(因为缺少一些细节)实际上富兰克林可能没有亲自进行实验。故选C项。
11.主旨大意题。由第一段"As for Benjamin Franklin 's kite-and-key experiment, most people are aware of the version in which Franklin“discovered" electricity when lightning struck his kite.However, several details about this experiment are unknown, including when andwhere it happened. Some historians even doubt whether it took place. (至于本杰明·富兰克林的风筝和钥匙实验,大多数人都知道富兰克林在闪电击中风筝时“发现""了电的版本。然而,关于这个实验的一些细节尚不清楚,包括它发生的时间和地点。一些历史学家甚至怀疑它是否发生过)"可知,本文在首段提出富兰克林的风筝和钥匙的实验并指出对这个实验存在的一些质疑,然后在下文对此进行讲述,由此判断文章主要讲述的是对富兰克林风筝和钥匙实验的真实性的一些不同观点。故选D项。
D
答案：12.D; 13.C; 14.A; 15.B
解析：12.细节理解题。根据第一段“According to the study,this warming period was mainly driven by natural tropical(热带的)climate variability and was likely strengthened by increases in greenhouse gases.”可知,研究发现南极气温异常升高主要是因为热带地区气候变化。
13.段落大意题。通读第三段可知,太平洋西部热带地区海洋温度升高改变了靠近南极洲的南大西洋风向,进而向南极输送了更多的温暖的气流,由此造成了南极变暖。由此可知,本段主要是对南极变段的详细说明
14.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Fogt所说的话可知,Fogt和好友研究成果的取得离不开他们的合作。由此可推断,Fogt非常看重科学研究中的合作。
15.文章出处题。文章主要介绍了南极地区气温异常增高及其成因,由此可推断,本文最有可能出自“科学杂志”。
第二节
答案：16-20 BGCFA
解析：16.细节句。文章第一段首句表明，管理一个国家或任何组织都需要领导人。接着叙述领导人对国家的重要性。该段应接着叙述“领导人对组织的重要性是一样的”，后面讲述学校、家庭都需要领导者。故选B。
17.主题句。根据下文A leader should；He should always可知，该段主要陈述一个领导者应该怎么做，是作者的观点看法。G项“在我看来，一个领导者最重要的品质就是责任感”符合题意。故选G。
18.过渡句。上文表述，一个领导者要帮助人们开发潜能；承接上文，该句“不是告诉人们做什么”；下文接着解释，相反，是鼓励人们发现并开发自己的潜能。故选C。
19.细节句。上文表述，一个好的领导者愿意倾听人民的问题或建议：该句进一步解释，“然后会尽量去解决这些问题”。故选F。
20.细节句。上文表述，做一个好的真正的领导者不容易；该句进一步说明，“并不是不可能”；下文接着叙述，一个好的真正的领导者应该怎么做。故选A。
第二部分语言知识运用
第一节
答案：21.D; 22.C; 23.B; 24.B; 25.A; 26.D; 27.C; 28.D; 29.A; 30.C; 31.D; 32.B; 33.B; 34.A; 35.C
解析：21.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他和妈妈在那里谈话时，一个女服务员在远处好奇地看着。A.commented评论；B.sang唱歌；C.concluded总结；D.watched观看。根据“from a distance”可知，在Tom母子用手语交谈时，有位服务员在远处好奇地观察着。故选D。
22.考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，服务员意识到这位母亲是在用手语和她耳朵里也戴着助听器的儿子说话。A.walking散步；B.reading阅读；C.hearing听见；D.speaking说话。根据“the waitress realized that the mom was talking in sign language to her littleboy”可知，Tom不能用正常地语言交流，因此Tom耳朵里带有助听（hearing）器。故选C.
23.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当女服务员知道那天是汤姆的生日时，她决定给这个男孩一份特别的礼物。A.admitted承认；B.learned学习，了解；C.expected期待；D.imagined想象。根据“that it was Tom's birthday”可知，女服务员了解到那天是汤姆的生日。故选B。
24.考查动词短语辨析。句意：她上网查找如何用手语说“生日快乐”。A.adjusted to调整，适应；B.looked up查阅，向上看；C.reflected on反思，思考；D.went through经历。根据“She went to the Internet”可知，她在网上查找(looked up) 如何用手语说“生日快乐！“故选B。
25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，她走到汤姆的桌子前，对他说：“祝你生日快乐！”汤姆和他妈妈对此印象深刻。A.signed示意，打手势；B.pretended假装；C.shouted喊叫；D.whispered耳语，小声说。根据“how to say“happy birthday”in signlanguage”可知，女服务员来到Tom的桌前用手语说（signed）：“生日快乐！”。故选A。
26.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.frightened使害怕；B.hurt受伤；C.confused使困惑；D.impressed使印象深刻。根据"Later,Tom's mom said this was the first time he had 7 in sign language with people other than her and his teacher."可知, 女服务员用手语祝福Tom生日快乐的行为让Tom和妈妈对此印象深刻。故选D。
27.考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，汤姆的妈妈说，这是汤姆第一次用手语与她和老师以外的人交谈。A.studied学习，研究；B.taught教；C.talked谈话；D.settled定居。根据“in sign language with people”可知，此处表示用手语与他人交流。故选C.
28.考查连词词义辨析。句意：这是一个简单的短语，但它是给汤姆的一个重要的礼物。A.and和；B.so因此；C.or或者；D.but但是。“simple”和“important”形成转折关系。故选D.
29.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她补充说，女服务员送的礼物让她非常感动。A.gift礼物；B.apology道歉；C.benefit益处，优势；D.explanation解释。根据“it was an important gift for Tom.”可知，此处是信息词gift的词汇复现。故选A.
30.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位母亲说：“多亏了那位好心的女服务员，他的五岁生日将是我们一辈子都不会忘记的。”A.silly愚蠢的; B. impatient没有耐心的; C. kind善良的; D. busy忙的。根据上文"Then, she went up to Tom's table and 25 tohim. "Happy birthday to you!"."可知，这位母亲觉得女服务员是很善良的。故选C.
31.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.work工作；B.celebrate庆祝；C.enjoy喜欢，享受；D.remember记得。根据"She added thatthe 29 from the waitress made her very moved."和"for a lifetime"可知, 他的五岁生日将是一辈子都不会忘记的。故选D.
32.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的儿子总是担心，当他用手语说话时，会显得很滑稽。A.noisy吵闹的；B.funny有趣的，滑稽的;C.rich富有的；D.excited兴奋的。根据"My boy was always worried"和"when he was talking in sign language. "可知，儿子担心自己用手语说话时，会显得很滑稽。故选B。
33.考查副词词义辨析。句意：今天，他看到有人真的试图用他的特殊语言和他说话。A.angrily生气地；B.actually事实上，实际上; C. shyly害羞地; D. casually随意地。根据"Then, she went up to Tom's table and 25 to him,"Happy birthday to you!". "可知，此处表示他看到有人真的试图用他的特殊语言和他说话。故选B。
34.考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.special特别的；B.formal正式的；C.secret秘密的；D.official官方的。根据“when he wastalking in sign language.”可知，他使用的手语是特殊的语言。故选A。
35.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对他来说非常重要。A.dificult困难的；B.free免费的，自由的；C.important重要的；D.useless没有用的。根据"he saw that someone 33 tried to talk to him in his 34 language."可知, 他看到有人真的试图用他的特殊语言和他说话，这一点对他而言尤其重要（important）。故选C。
第二节
答案：36. treated37. to study38. detailed39. leading40. the41. as42. their43. that44. findings45. earlier
解析：36.考查动词时态。这项研究有助于专家们进一步了解古埃及人是如何对待动物的。这里表示古代发生的事情，故用一般过去时。
37.考查非谓语动词。扫描过程允许科学家们在保存木乃伊的同时研究木乃伊。permit...to do...意为“允许做……”。
38.考查形容词。detailed意为“详细的；细致的；精细的”，符合语境。
39.考查动名词。主语是Carolyn Graves-Brown,谓语是noted,此处leading是现在分词作定语。
40.考查冠词。特指上文提到的一条蛇、一只鸟和一只猫，三只动物的木乃伊。
41.考查介词。动词短语serve as意为“用作；充当”。
42.考查代词。根据后面的名词可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词their。
43.考查同位语从句。根据语境可知，此处填that引导同位语从句，解释说明前面的名词evidence的具体内容。
44.考查名词。根据前面的限定词These可知，此处应用名词复数形式。
45.考查形容词。根据语境可知，这里表示比较早期的证据。earlier“先前的”。
第三部分写作
第一节
答案：
Hello, everyone! I feel greatly honored to stand here to extend my warm welcome to you representing all the students. I believe your visit will promote the development of our school greatly.
During your visit, we will show you around the school and school history gallery, which will facilitate your understanding of our school and even evoke some of your joyful memories. We will also take a bite of some distinguished courses together, like career planning.At night, we will enjoy a grand gala , where we can expose ourselves to the growth and development of it in the past 60 years and gain a deeper insight into the achievements it boasts.
I sincerely hope you will have treasured memories here and thanks again for your coming.
解析：
本篇书面表达属于应用文,要求考生写一篇英文发言稿,代表在校学生为广大校友及国际友人致欢迎辞,庆祝学校即将迎来的60年校庆。1.词汇积累
促进:promote→accelerate
唤起:evoke→arouse
快乐的:joyful→happy
优秀的、出色的:distinguished→excellent
2.句式拓展同义句转换
原句:We will also take a bite of some distinguished courses together,like career planning.
拓展句:We will also take a bite of some distinguished courses together,career planning included.
【高分句型1】During your visit,we will show you around the school and school history gallery,which will facilitate your understanding of our school and even evoke some of your joyful memories.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】At night,we will enjoy a grand gala,where we can expose ourselves to the growth and development of it in the past 60years and gain a deeper insight into the achievements it boasts..(运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节
答案：
Henry seas not content with that job and approached another friend George. With the permission of his boss, George hired Henry as a mechanic in the shop. It is a test for Henry's patience. One day, a customer came into the shop. He wanted to have the shop-bought recorder repaired. "Well, sir. I'm afraid there isn't much we can do about it. The guarantee period is over," said Henry.The customer felt totally disappointed and was about to leave.
At this point, George appeared and received the customer with patience. "Yes, sir, can I help you?" arrived George. After learning what the customer wanted, George replied patiently, "Certainly, Sir. I suggest that you leave it with us and we'll see what can be done." "Thank you very much." With it, the customer left with a smile. George was promoted to a higher position in the company. Actually, there are barriers in all careers. Launch your career with a simple smile.
2022届新高考英语考前冲刺卷试卷一（新高考Ⅱ）
第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Rachel Kunhner, the author of Telex from Cuba, The Mars Room, and The Flamethrowers, has got some excellent books for you.
Agortino by Alberto Moravla (1944).
When my son turned 13, my mother said to me, “You have to read Agostino.” Agosino is a perfect novella and perhaps the best literate ever written about being a 13-year-old boy. It’s painful and tender and funny. A masterpiece.
The Copenhagen Trilogy by Tove Ditlevsen(1967- 1971).
Ditlevsen was a 20th-century Danish writer. Her trilogy of short memoirs, Childhood, Youth, and Dependency, is becoming the subject of a literary craze. As soon as you sink your teeth in, you’ll understand why. The books are fascinating. The problem is they bite back. I’m still recovering.
Star by Yukio Mishima (1960).
There are a lot of Mishima novels that haven’t been translated into English. This novella about a movie star losing touch with reality only recently was. “A true star, ” Mishima writes, “never arrives. Showing up is for second-rate actor who need to seek attention. ” Want to seem glamorous? Stay home. Attending things is for the second-rate.
The Expendable Man by Dorothy B. Hughes (1963).
Donna Tart once recommended Hughes to me. I’m so glad she did. While Hughes’ most famous book, deservedly so, is In a Lonely Place. The Expendable Man has one of the best opening sequences of any mystery novel: A man driving from L. A.to Phoenix picks up a hitchhiker—a dirty and ungraceful teenage girl—with grave consequences.
1.Which book may appeal to readers crazy about mystery-solving stories?
A.Star. B.The Expendable Man.
C.The Copenhagen Theology. D.Agostino.
2.What do we know about these books?
A.There has been no English version of the book Star up to now.
B.The Copenhagen Trilogy describes the author’s whole life.
C.All these books are recommended to Rachel Kuchner by others.
D.Agostino is a good choice for parents of teenagers.
3.Where is this text most likely from?
A.A column. B.A guidebook C.An announcement. D.A textbook
B
On Monday, Xu Mengtao won her first Olympic gold in women's aerials(空中技巧) at the2022 Beijing Winter Games. It was not hard to see what it meant for Xu; When the score 108. 61 came up with a “1”by her name, she pointed one, then two fingers to the sky and let out a scream.
“Xu is one of the handful of women to consistently try the high-risk triple flips(三周空翻) over the years,” said American Ashley Caldwell, another triple-flip enthusiast who finished fourth. “While triple flips are not unheard of among the women, the list of athletes who have tried them consistently is short, At the last two Olympics, only four of the 12 finalists tried triple flips in the final round,”
Women's aerials is a sport full of risk-takers but all the risks are very calculated. Since the competitions go through a series of qualifying and elimination(淘汰)rounds that include only one jump each, only a select few over the years have been willing to give up the certainty of a solid score with a double flip for the triple flips.
Xu doesn’t adopt the strategy and keeps trying the triple flips. “It adds extra some might say unnecessary risk to the early rounds,” Xu once said. “But I'm OK sacrificing some good competition results to make the sport look good.”
Failures at the last three Olympics tested the limits of how much X was willing to sacrifice. In meet after meet, from Vancouver to Sochi to Pyeongchan, her strategy kept her away from the gold medal but she kept pushing anyway.
“It's a sense of mission accomplished. This is a winning night for women’s aerials too” Xu said after the award ceremony. “If a lot of girls are doing triple flips up there and I fall, there would still be a lot of girls who would do well, If I mess up, that's OK.”
4.What can we infer from Ashley Caldwell’s words?
A.Xu Mengtao is very sensitive B.No athlete wants to try the triple flips.
C.Women are not good risk-takers. D.Most athletes want to avoid uncertainties.
5.What does the third paragraph intend to do?
A.Draw a conclusion B.Provide additional information.
C.Lead in the main topic D.Summarize the previous paragraphs.
6.Why does Xu Mengtao keep trying the triple flips?
A.She really loves unnecessary risks.
B.She wants to show off her new trick.
C.She hopes to attract more girls to aerials.
D.She wishes to make the sport more enjoyable.
7.Which of the following best describes Xu Mengtao?
A.Determined. B.Curious. C.Calculating. D.Outgoing.
C
As for Benjamin Franklin’ s kite-and-key experiment, most people are aware of the version in which Franklin “discovered” electricity when lightning struck his kite. However, several details about this experiment are unknown, including when and where it happened. Some historians even doubt whether it took place.
In fact, electricity had already been used for centuries before Franklin’ s experiment. Franklin lived from 1706 to 1790 when electricity was understood as the interaction between two different fluids(流体), which Franklin later referred to as “plus” and “minus”.
It was unknown before Franklin’ s experiment whether lightning was electrical, though some scientists, including Franklin, had guessed just that. Franklin was particularly interested in this because lightning strikes had caused disastrous fires where houses were made of wood. Actually, by creating a lightning rod(避雷针), Franklin helped to protect wooden buildings from being struck by lightning.
A few publications reported the experiment. In 1771 Franklin referred to the experiment in his autobiography, and other colleagues also wrote about it. Notably, the experiment appeared in “History and Present Status of Electricity” by Joseph Priestley. Priestley heard about the kite-and-key experiment from Franklin himself around 15 years after the fact, and in his book, he wrote it occurred in June 1752.
However, in a book by Tom Tucker, he noted Franklin’ s description of his experiment was phrased in the future conditional tense: “As soon as any of the Thunder Clouds come over the Kite, the pointed Wire will draw the Electric Fire from them...” Franklin could have simply been saying that the experiment could, in theory, be performed. Given that his statement has a few missing details—Franklin didn’ t list a date, time or location, for example—it’s possible that Franklin did not perform the experiment himself.
However, some historians remain unconvinced that the experiment wasn’ t carried out. Franklin experts, such as biographer Carl Van Doren, also point to the fact that Priesfiey specified the month in which Franklin performed his experiment, suggesting that Franklin must have given him precise details directly.
8.What was Franklin’ s achievement?
A.He invented the lightning rod.
B.He discovered electricity.
C.He thought of ways to control fire.
D.He improved the structure of homes.
9.What can we learn from paragraph 4 ?
A.Franklin lived in the 17th century.
B.Priestley’ s book came out in 1786.
C.Priestley and Franklin were close friends.
D.Priestley wrote the experiment happened in summer.
10.Why was the future conditional tense stressed by Tucker?
A.To indicate he was good at observing.
B.To point out Franklin was careless in writing.
C.To show Franklin was just saying a possibility.
D.To prove Franklin did the experiment by himself.
11.What is mainly talked about in the text?
A.The discovery of electricity.
B.The development of the lightning rod.
C.Benjamin Franklin’ s autobiography.
D.Different opinions on Franklin’ s experiment.
D
The South Pole has been warming at more than three times the global average over the past 30 years, according to research led by Ohio University professor Ryan Fogt, and Kyle Clem, who is a current postdoctoral research fellow in climate science. According to the study, this warming period was mainly driven by natural tropical(热带的)climate variability and was likely strengthened by increases in greenhouse gases。
Clem and his team analyzed weather station data at the South Pole, as well as climate models to examine the warming in the Antarctic interior(内陆). They found that between 1989 and 2018, the South Pole had warmed by about 1, 8℃ over the past 30 years at a rate of 十0. 6℃ per decade—three times the global average.
The study also found that the strong warming over the Antarctic interior in the last 30 years was mainly driven by the tropics, especially warm ocean temperatures in the western tropical Pacific Ocean that changed the winds in the South Atlantic near Antarctica and increased the delivery of warm air to the South Pole. They suggest these atmospheric changes along Antarctica's coast are an important mechanism driving climate anomalies (异常事物)in its interior.
Clem and Fogt argue that these warming trends were unlikely the result of natural climate change alone, stressing the effects of added warming related to human activities on top of the large tropical climate signal on Antarctic climate have worked together to make this one of the strongest warming trends worldwide.
"From the very beginning, Kyle and I worked very well together and were able to accomplish more as a team than we were individually, "Fogt said. "We have published every year together since 2013, with one of our continuing collaborations being the annual State of the Climate reports. Our work on this project together each year ultimately led to this publication documenting the warming at the South Pole. However, most importantly for my family and me, apart from being a fantastic scientist and collaborator, Kyle is also considered as one of our closest friends. "
12.What is the major cause of the South Pole's warming according to the research?
A.The weather station. B.Lack of winds.
C.Increases of greenhouse gases. D.Natural tropical climate change.
13.What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A.The tropical climate signals in the Antarctic interior.
B.The effect of human activities on the warming trends.
C.The detailed explanation for the South Pole's warming.
D.The unpleasant consequences of natural climate change.
14.Which of the following does Fogt most probably agree on?
A.Cooperation is valued in scientific research.
B.Getting science paper published is difficult.
C.Friendship is more important than science.
D.Family support plays a key role in science.
15.From which is the text most probably taken?
A.A chemistry textbook. B.A science magazine.
C.A travel brochure. D.A science novel.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Qualities of good leaders
Leaders are needed to manage a country or any organization. They are very important people.Under good leaders, the country will be stable and peaceful. In this way, it can make great progress.
___16__ They too need good leaders to lead them. They cannot grow or do well without good management or leaders. Schools too need leaders. They are the headmaster, class monitors, prefects, and game captains. All of them have an important role to play to ensure the smooth running of the school. At home, parents are the leaders guiding the family.
___17__ A leader should take his work or position seriously and carry out his duties to the best of his ability. He should always think of what is best for his people, whether they are staff members, family, or any group of people.
A leader is also someone who helps others become more than they ever thought was possible. Leadership is about unlocking potential, whether individual potential or that of a group, company, or organization. __18___ Instead, it is inspiring them to see what they are capable of and then helping them get there.
Leaders of a country should always put the interests of their people first. They have to be approachable, caring, and concerned about the welfare of those under them. A good leader should be willing to listen to his people's problems or suggestions. __19___
It is not easy to be a good and true leader. ___20__ True and good leadership requires one to make sacrifices, including putting others before oneself. He is often the mentor who prompts others to be their best, someone who cares and listens, and is willing to always be there for them.
A. Neither is it impossible.
B. The same goes for organizations.
C. It is not about telling people what to do.
D. To do this, a leader is to be honest, and truthful.
E. That is why a good leader is likely to train good followers.
F. This is then followed up by doing his best to solve these problems.
G. To me, the most important quality of a leader is a strong sense of responsibility.
第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last week, Tom and his morn went to a restaurant to celebrate his fifth birthday. When he and his mom were talking there, a waitress 21 curiously from a distance. Eventually, the waitress realized that the mom was talking in sign language to her little boy who also had 22 aids in his ears.
When the waitress 23 that it was Tom’s birthday, she decided to give the boy a special gift.
She went to the Internet and 24 how to say “happy birthday” in sign language. She quickly got all the rules down. Then, she went up to Tom’s table and 25 to him, “Happy birthday to you!” Tom and his mom were really 26 .
Later, Tom’s mom said this was the first time he had 27 in sign language with people other than her and his teacher. It was a simple phrase 28 it was an important gift for Tom.
She added that the 29 from the waitress made her very moved. “Thanks to the 30 waitress, his fifth birthday is one that we will 31 for a lifetime” the mom said. “My boy was always worried that he would appear very 32 when he was talking in sign language. Today, he saw that someone 33 tried to talk to him in his 34 language. It's very 35 for him.”
21.A.commented B.sang C.concluded D.watched
22.A.walking B.reading C.hearing D.speaking
23.A.admitted B.learned C.expected D.imagined
24.A.adjusted B.looked up C.reflected on D.went through
25.A.signed B.pretended C.shouted D.whispered
26.A.frightened B.hurt C.confused D.impressed
27.A.studied B.taught C.talked D.settled
28.A.and B.so C.or D.but
29.A.gift B.apology C.benefit D.explanation
30.A.silly B.impatient C.kind D.busy
31.A.work B.celebrate C.enjoy D.remember
32.A.noisy B.funny C.rich D.excited
33.A.angrily B.actually C.shyly D.casually
34.A.special B.formal C.secret D.official
35.A.difficult B.free C.important D.useless
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists recently used 3D imaging technology to look inside the mummies (干尸) of a cat,abird, and a snake. The research is helping experts learn more about how ancient Egyptians__36___(treat)animals.
Researchers said that they used a special technique, X-ray micro CT scanning, to look inside the mummies. The scanning process permits the scientists ___37__ (study) the mummies while keeping them whole. The CT scans were much more ___38__(detail) than medical CT scans.
Carolyn Graves-Brown, a writer of the study, ___39__ (lead) the Egypt Centre at Swansea University in Britain, noted that __40___ three mummies were likely made as gifts to the gods that Egyptians believed in. The dead animals were thought to serve ___41__ a link between Egyptian gods and living people.
The mummies had long been in Swansea's collection. Experts are not sure of __42___ (they) exact age.
The researchers found evidence ___43__ the snake, a young Egyptian Cobra, had been denied water while alive. It was likely killed by a severe break of its backbone.
The researchers found the snake's mouth open. These ___44__ (find) suggest the snake had been part of an "opening of the mouth" ceremony.
Graves-Brown noted that the finding supports ___45__ (early) evidence that the act was carried out with animals.The scientist added, "We know it was carried out on humans."
第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假设你是学生李华,你校即将迎来 60 年校庆,在校庆典礼上,你将代表在校学生为广大校友及国际友人致欢迎辞,请为此写一篇英文发言稿,内容包括:
1. 表示欢迎;
2. 介绍活动安排;
3. 表达感谢。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为 80 左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Three friends John, George, and Henry came from a town to a city. They were on job hunting.John got a job as a salesman in a company. George got a job of mechanic in a machinery store andHenry joined as a receptionist in a hospital. The three friends were very happy at their work.
Six months passed.As a receptionist Henry was doing well. One day, one of the patients could not wait for his turn. He kept walking to and fro near the door. Henry requested him to be seated. But after a few minutes the same thing was repeated. Henry lost his patience and shouted at him,
"Can't you sit and wait for your turn?" Henry burst.
"Oh! What matters you, when I stand on my own legs? Does it ache your legs?" the tall man replied.
Henry felt upset. Spending the life among the narrow-minded patients was troublesome for him. He could not stand that job further. He met his friend John. With John's help, he became a salesperson in the same company. Henry felt quite fine and comfortable for a few days. On a sunny afternoon an old lady entered the shop.
"Hello, sir! Can I get that tool which can fasten and unfasten the belt of an easy chair?"
"Madam! I did not get you?"
"I need some tools. Can you show me the varieties?"
"Oh! Madam, why do you come without the knowledge of the tool?" Henry felt annoyed.
"How come you are the salesperson without having the art of listening to the customers?" She complained.
At this point, John appeared and received the old lady with patience. The lady left the store being pleased by the good gesture of John. Henry just stood there with a blank look on his face staring at his friend.
“One should have patience to listen to the customers. Understand their problem to help them. That makes the business." John told Henry. John was promoted to a higher position for his soft skill.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Henry was not content with that job and approached another friend George.____________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
At this point, George appeared and received the customer with patience.________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1.B; 2.D; 3.A
解析：1.细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The Expendable Man has one of the best opening sequences of any mystery novel: A man driving from L. A. to Phoenix picks up a hitchhiker—a dirty and ungraceful teenage girl—with grave consequences.(《敢死队》的开篇是所有推理小说中最精彩的一幕之一:一个男人从洛杉矶开车到凤凰城,让一个肮脏又不优雅的少女搭车,结果造成了严重的后果)”可知,《敢死队》可能会吸引痴迷于推理小说的读者。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中“When my son turned 13, my mother said to me, “You have to read Agostino.”( 当我的儿子13岁的时候,我的母亲对我说,“你必须读Agostino。”)”可知,Agostino对于有十几岁的孩子的父母来说是个不错的选择。故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据第一段“Rachel Kunhner, the author of Telex from Cuba, The Mars Room, and The Flamethrowers, has got some excellent books for you.(《古巴电传》、《火星房间》和《火焰喷射器》的作者雷切尔·昆纳为你准备了几本好书)”结合这篇文章介绍了四本书,可推知,文章最有可能出现在图书专栏中。故选A。
B
答案：4.D; 5.B; 6.D; 7.A
解析：4.推理判断题。根据第二段的“While triple flips are not unheard of among the women, the list of athletes who have tried them consistently is short...At the last two Olympics,only four of the 12 finalists tried triple flips in the final round.(虽然女子三周空翻并非闻所未闻,但一直尝试三翻的运动员寥寥无几。在过去两届奥运会上,12名决赛选手中只有4人在最后一轮尝试了三翻)”可推断,大部分运动员避开这个高风险的三周空翻是为了避免得分的不确定性。故选D。
5.推理判断题。根据第三段的“Since the competitions go through a series of qualifying and elimination(淘汰)rounds that include only one jump each,only a select few over the years have been willing to give up the certainty of a solid score with a double flip for the triples.(由于比赛要经过一系列的预选赛和淘汰赛,每个预选赛都只有一个跳远环节,所以在过去的几年里,只有少数被选中的选手愿意放弃双翻的稳定分数,而选择三翻)”推知,本段的目的是提供奥运会的背景知识,即在奥运会上,空中技巧是淘汰赛,运动员只有一次试错机会,所以大部分运动员不愿意做三周空翻动作。故选B。
6.细节理解题。根据第四段的“But I'm OK sacrificing some good competition results to make the sport look good.(但我可以牺牲一些好的比赛成绩来让这项运动看起来更好)”可知,徐梦涛坚持三周空翻是希望提高空中技巧的观赏性。故选D。
7.推理判断题。根据第五段“Failures at the last three Olympics tested the limits of how much Xu was willing to sacrifice, in meet after meet,from Vancouver to Sochi to Pyeongchan,her strategy kept her away from the gold medal but she kept pushing anyway.(会的失败考验了徐梦涛愿意做出多大牺牲的极限。在一场接一场的比赛中,从温哥华到索契再到平昌,她的策略让她与金牌失之交臂,但她仍在努力)”推知,徐梦桃是锲而不舍的。故选A。
C
答案：8.A; 9.D; 10.C; 11.D
解析：8.细节理解题。由第三段中的“Actually, by creating a lightning rod (避雷针), Franklin helped to protect wooden buildings from being struck by lightning.(实际上,通过制造避雷针,富兰克林帮助保护木制建筑免受雷击)"可知,富兰克林发明了避雷针。故选A项。
9.细节理解题。由第四段中的“Priestley heard about the kite and key experiment from Franklin himself around l5 years after the fact. And in his book, he wrote it occurred in June 1752.(大约15年后,Priestley从富兰克林本人那里听说了风筝和钥匙实验,并在他的书中写道,它发生在1752年6月)"可知,Priestley写下了富兰克林在夏天进行的风筝和钥匙实验。故选D项。
10.推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的"Franklin could have simply been saying that the experiment could, in theory. be performed. Given that his statement has a few missing details—Franklin didn 't list a date, time or location, for example it's possible that Franklin did not perform the experiment himself. (富兰克林本可以简单地说,理论上,这个实验是可以进行的。鉴于富兰克林的声明缺少一些细节,例如,他没有列出日期、时间或地点,富兰克林可能没有亲自进行实验)"可知,Tom Tucker认为富兰克林在书中使用将来时来描述他的实验,是认为这可能只是富兰克林在说一种理论上的可能性,(因为缺少一些细节)实际上富兰克林可能没有亲自进行实验。故选C项。
11.主旨大意题。由第一段"As for Benjamin Franklin 's kite-and-key experiment, most people are aware of the version in which Franklin“discovered" electricity when lightning struck his kite.However, several details about this experiment are unknown, including when andwhere it happened. Some historians even doubt whether it took place. (至于本杰明·富兰克林的风筝和钥匙实验,大多数人都知道富兰克林在闪电击中风筝时“发现""了电的版本。然而,关于这个实验的一些细节尚不清楚,包括它发生的时间和地点。一些历史学家甚至怀疑它是否发生过)"可知,本文在首段提出富兰克林的风筝和钥匙的实验并指出对这个实验存在的一些质疑,然后在下文对此进行讲述,由此判断文章主要讲述的是对富兰克林风筝和钥匙实验的真实性的一些不同观点。故选D项。
D
答案：12.D; 13.C; 14.A; 15.B
解析：12.细节理解题。根据第一段“According to the study,this warming period was mainly driven by natural tropical(热带的)climate variability and was likely strengthened by increases in greenhouse gases.”可知,研究发现南极气温异常升高主要是因为热带地区气候变化。
13.段落大意题。通读第三段可知,太平洋西部热带地区海洋温度升高改变了靠近南极洲的南大西洋风向,进而向南极输送了更多的温暖的气流,由此造成了南极变暖。由此可知,本段主要是对南极变段的详细说明
14.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Fogt所说的话可知,Fogt和好友研究成果的取得离不开他们的合作。由此可推断,Fogt非常看重科学研究中的合作。
15.文章出处题。文章主要介绍了南极地区气温异常增高及其成因,由此可推断,本文最有可能出自“科学杂志”。
第二节
答案：16-20 BGCFA
解析：16.细节句。文章第一段首句表明，管理一个国家或任何组织都需要领导人。接着叙述领导人对国家的重要性。该段应接着叙述“领导人对组织的重要性是一样的”，后面讲述学校、家庭都需要领导者。故选B。
17.主题句。根据下文A leader should；He should always可知，该段主要陈述一个领导者应该怎么做，是作者的观点看法。G项“在我看来，一个领导者最重要的品质就是责任感”符合题意。故选G。
18.过渡句。上文表述，一个领导者要帮助人们开发潜能；承接上文，该句“不是告诉人们做什么”；下文接着解释，相反，是鼓励人们发现并开发自己的潜能。故选C。
19.细节句。上文表述，一个好的领导者愿意倾听人民的问题或建议：该句进一步解释，“然后会尽量去解决这些问题”。故选F。
20.细节句。上文表述，做一个好的真正的领导者不容易；该句进一步说明，“并不是不可能”；下文接着叙述，一个好的真正的领导者应该怎么做。故选A。
第二部分语言知识运用
第一节
答案：21.D; 22.C; 23.B; 24.B; 25.A; 26.D; 27.C; 28.D; 29.A; 30.C; 31.D; 32.B; 33.B; 34.A; 35.C
解析：21.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他和妈妈在那里谈话时，一个女服务员在远处好奇地看着。A.commented评论；B.sang唱歌；C.concluded总结；D.watched观看。根据“from a distance”可知，在Tom母子用手语交谈时，有位服务员在远处好奇地观察着。故选D。
22.考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，服务员意识到这位母亲是在用手语和她耳朵里也戴着助听器的儿子说话。A.walking散步；B.reading阅读；C.hearing听见；D.speaking说话。根据“the waitress realized that the mom was talking in sign language to her littleboy”可知，Tom不能用正常地语言交流，因此Tom耳朵里带有助听（hearing）器。故选C.
23.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当女服务员知道那天是汤姆的生日时，她决定给这个男孩一份特别的礼物。A.admitted承认；B.learned学习，了解；C.expected期待；D.imagined想象。根据“that it was Tom's birthday”可知，女服务员了解到那天是汤姆的生日。故选B。
24.考查动词短语辨析。句意：她上网查找如何用手语说“生日快乐”。A.adjusted to调整，适应；B.looked up查阅，向上看；C.reflected on反思，思考；D.went through经历。根据“She went to the Internet”可知，她在网上查找(looked up) 如何用手语说“生日快乐！“故选B。
25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，她走到汤姆的桌子前，对他说：“祝你生日快乐！”汤姆和他妈妈对此印象深刻。A.signed示意，打手势；B.pretended假装；C.shouted喊叫；D.whispered耳语，小声说。根据“how to say“happy birthday”in signlanguage”可知，女服务员来到Tom的桌前用手语说（signed）：“生日快乐！”。故选A。
26.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.frightened使害怕；B.hurt受伤；C.confused使困惑；D.impressed使印象深刻。根据"Later,Tom's mom said this was the first time he had 7 in sign language with people other than her and his teacher."可知, 女服务员用手语祝福Tom生日快乐的行为让Tom和妈妈对此印象深刻。故选D。
27.考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，汤姆的妈妈说，这是汤姆第一次用手语与她和老师以外的人交谈。A.studied学习，研究；B.taught教；C.talked谈话；D.settled定居。根据“in sign language with people”可知，此处表示用手语与他人交流。故选C.
28.考查连词词义辨析。句意：这是一个简单的短语，但它是给汤姆的一个重要的礼物。A.and和；B.so因此；C.or或者；D.but但是。“simple”和“important”形成转折关系。故选D.
29.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她补充说，女服务员送的礼物让她非常感动。A.gift礼物；B.apology道歉；C.benefit益处，优势；D.explanation解释。根据“it was an important gift for Tom.”可知，此处是信息词gift的词汇复现。故选A.
30.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位母亲说：“多亏了那位好心的女服务员，他的五岁生日将是我们一辈子都不会忘记的。”A.silly愚蠢的; B. impatient没有耐心的; C. kind善良的; D. busy忙的。根据上文"Then, she went up to Tom's table and 25 tohim. "Happy birthday to you!"."可知，这位母亲觉得女服务员是很善良的。故选C.
31.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.work工作；B.celebrate庆祝；C.enjoy喜欢，享受；D.remember记得。根据"She added thatthe 29 from the waitress made her very moved."和"for a lifetime"可知, 他的五岁生日将是一辈子都不会忘记的。故选D.
32.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的儿子总是担心，当他用手语说话时，会显得很滑稽。A.noisy吵闹的；B.funny有趣的，滑稽的;C.rich富有的；D.excited兴奋的。根据"My boy was always worried"和"when he was talking in sign language. "可知，儿子担心自己用手语说话时，会显得很滑稽。故选B。
33.考查副词词义辨析。句意：今天，他看到有人真的试图用他的特殊语言和他说话。A.angrily生气地；B.actually事实上，实际上; C. shyly害羞地; D. casually随意地。根据"Then, she went up to Tom's table and 25 to him,"Happy birthday to you!". "可知，此处表示他看到有人真的试图用他的特殊语言和他说话。故选B。
34.考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.special特别的；B.formal正式的；C.secret秘密的；D.official官方的。根据“when he wastalking in sign language.”可知，他使用的手语是特殊的语言。故选A。
35.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对他来说非常重要。A.dificult困难的；B.free免费的，自由的；C.important重要的；D.useless没有用的。根据"he saw that someone 33 tried to talk to him in his 34 language."可知, 他看到有人真的试图用他的特殊语言和他说话，这一点对他而言尤其重要（important）。故选C。
第二节
答案：36. treated37. to study38. detailed39. leading40. the41. as42. their43. that44. findings45. earlier
解析：36.考查动词时态。这项研究有助于专家们进一步了解古埃及人是如何对待动物的。这里表示古代发生的事情，故用一般过去时。
37.考查非谓语动词。扫描过程允许科学家们在保存木乃伊的同时研究木乃伊。permit...to do...意为“允许做……”。
38.考查形容词。detailed意为“详细的；细致的；精细的”，符合语境。
39.考查动名词。主语是Carolyn Graves-Brown,谓语是noted,此处leading是现在分词作定语。
40.考查冠词。特指上文提到的一条蛇、一只鸟和一只猫，三只动物的木乃伊。
41.考查介词。动词短语serve as意为“用作；充当”。
42.考查代词。根据后面的名词可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词their。
43.考查同位语从句。根据语境可知，此处填that引导同位语从句，解释说明前面的名词evidence的具体内容。
44.考查名词。根据前面的限定词These可知，此处应用名词复数形式。
45.考查形容词。根据语境可知，这里表示比较早期的证据。earlier“先前的”。
第三部分写作
第一节
答案：
Hello, everyone! I feel greatly honored to stand here to extend my warm welcome to you representing all the students. I believe your visit will promote the development of our school greatly.
During your visit, we will show you around the school and school history gallery, which will facilitate your understanding of our school and even evoke some of your joyful memories. We will also take a bite of some distinguished courses together, like career planning.At night, we will enjoy a grand gala , where we can expose ourselves to the growth and development of it in the past 60 years and gain a deeper insight into the achievements it boasts.
I sincerely hope you will have treasured memories here and thanks again for your coming.
解析：
本篇书面表达属于应用文,要求考生写一篇英文发言稿,代表在校学生为广大校友及国际友人致欢迎辞,庆祝学校即将迎来的60年校庆。1.词汇积累
促进:promote→accelerate
唤起:evoke→arouse
快乐的:joyful→happy
优秀的、出色的:distinguished→excellent
2.句式拓展同义句转换
原句:We will also take a bite of some distinguished courses together,like career planning.
拓展句:We will also take a bite of some distinguished courses together,career planning included.
【高分句型1】During your visit,we will show you around the school and school history gallery,which will facilitate your understanding of our school and even evoke some of your joyful memories.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】At night,we will enjoy a grand gala,where we can expose ourselves to the growth and development of it in the past 60years and gain a deeper insight into the achievements it boasts..(运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节
答案：
Henry seas not content with that job and approached another friend George. With the permission of his boss, George hired Henry as a mechanic in the shop. It is a test for Henry's patience. One day, a customer came into the shop. He wanted to have the shop-bought recorder repaired. "Well, sir. I'm afraid there isn't much we can do about it. The guarantee period is over," said Henry.The customer felt totally disappointed and was about to leave.
At this point, George appeared and received the customer with patience. "Yes, sir, can I help you?" arrived George. After learning what the customer wanted, George replied patiently, "Certainly, Sir. I suggest that you leave it with us and we'll see what can be done." "Thank you very much." With it, the customer left with a smile. George was promoted to a higher position in the company. Actually, there are barriers in all careers. Launch your career with a simple smile.
相关试卷
高中英语高考 2021届高考考前冲刺卷 英语（一）学生版： 这是一份高中英语高考 2021届高考考前冲刺卷 英语（一）学生版，共8页。试卷主要包含了选择题的作答，非选择题的作答等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高中英语高考 2021届高考考前冲刺卷 英语（一）教师版： 这是一份高中英语高考 2021届高考考前冲刺卷 英语（一）教师版，共8页。试卷主要包含了选择题的作答，非选择题的作答等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高考英语考前冲刺卷 全国卷（一） (含解析)： 这是一份高考英语考前冲刺卷 全国卷（一） (含解析)，共19页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
