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2022届新高考英语考前冲刺卷 试卷一（新高考Ⅰ）
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这是一份2022届新高考英语考前冲刺卷 试卷一（新高考Ⅰ），共19页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37， ____16___等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022届新高考英语考前冲刺卷试卷一（新高考Ⅰ）
第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
These destinations march to the beat of their own drum. So put on your dancing shoes and head to these sweet-sounding cities.
New Orleans
In the 19th century, slaves gathered on Sundays to play drums, dance and sing in Congo Square. Those lively rhythms of Africa ran head on with the sounds of Europe to create jazz, a typical American art form that has inspired generations of Americans and spread around the globe. But this isn’t suit-wearing, head-nodding, polite jazz. New Orleans jazz sweeps you off your feet and makes you jump and clap and sing along.
Chicago
Large numbers of African Americans left the South in search of better opportunities during 1916~1970 and Chicago attracted scores of these people, who brought with them the sound of the Mississippi River. Here, it changed into something sad and symphonic: blues. Blues was not born in Chicago, but it was here that it found a new voice and began to spread its message around the world.
Memphis
Memphis is the birthplace of rock and roll. It was here in Sun Studios in the summer of 1951 that Ike Turner and his band the Delta Cats recorded “Rocket 88”, widely regarded as the first rock and roll song But, like so many great things, it happened by accident the guitarist’s loudspeaker broke down during the recording, creating a unique guitar sound that would become a hallmark of the music. People didn’t know how to classify it, but they knew they loved it. The rest is history.
New York City
New York is one of the world’s greatest cities where you can listen to all kinds of music. But to experience a true New York state of mind, you have to leave the shiny towers and Broadway shows of Manhattan and head to Harlem, the Bronx, Brooklyn, and Queens to explore the city’s hip-hop history.
1.What do New Orleans jazz and Chicago blues have in common?
A.They sound very sad. B.They have similar origin.
C.They happened by accident. D.They are played on the guitar.
2.When was rock and roll born?
A.In the 19th century. B.In the late 19th century
C.In the early 20th century. D.In the mid 20th century.
3.What are Harlem and Queens known for?
A.Blues. B.Jazz. C.Hip hop. D.Rock and roll.
B
Melanie Perkins is co-founder of Canva, which allows users to create graphic designs for free in its simplest version, from social media posts to professional presentations.
The Canva journey started back in 2007, when Perkins was studying at the University of Western Australia. At that time she was teaching students how to use programs like InDesign and Photoshop. Students found the programs hard to learn, and even harder to use. She imagined the future of design would be entirely different. It would be online and very simple.
Perkins got the idea of creating a great new product. At the time, it was just a dream; after all, she and Cliff Obrecht, another co-founder of the company, were just university students with no funding and no technical or entrepreneurial(创业的)knowledge needed to create the product and the company.
However, what Melanie and her then friend Obrecht(now husband)did have was determination. They took the plunge and created their first design start-up called Fusion Books. It was an easy online platform for designing high school yearbooks. That turned out to be a success, and gave them wings for the next step: Canva.
However, they needed funding. Finding the right people took two years but there was always a lot of rejection for entrepreneurs in their early days. But every time they got a hard question or a reason why people wouldn’t invest, they stayed focused on what they could change. “The normal thing to do after your 100th, 80th or even 20th ‘no’ would be to stop, but you just have to insist trying,” Melanie said.
A key person in getting Canva off the ground was Cameron Adams, an ex-Google employee who brought the technical expertise they needed.
Now Canva is a global business, but neither Perkins nor Obrecht considers that they have collected a fortune just for themselves. They want to do as much good as possible with their money.
4.What inspired Perkins to create an easy design system?
A.The success of her Fusion Books.
B.The need she saw from students.
C.Her then friend Obrecht’s encouragement.
D.A university program she attended.
5.What difficulty did Perkins meet at first?
A.She was short of money. B.No one supported her.
C.She lacked confidence. D.She couldn’t find a worker.
6.Which of the following words can best describe Perkins?
A.Easy-going. B.Responsible. C.Energetic. D.Business-minded.
7.What message can we get from Perkins’ story?
A.Never give up. B.Be true to others.
C.Practice makes perfect. D.Every road leads to Rome.
C
So many things can keep you from seeing your loved ones in person. Fortunately, thanks to modern technology, the people we miss are often only a phone call or text message away. But according to science, if you want to feel more connected to the people you’re talking to, you should call them instead of texting.
A new study, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology, found that communication interactions that included voice created stronger social relationships than communication through typing.
In the study, researchers conducted various experiments. In the first one, they asked 200 people to make predictions about what it’d be like to reconnect with an old friend by email or by phone and then assigned people at random to do one or the other. Although people expected that a phone call would be more awkward, hearing someone’s voice actually made the experience better.
“People reported they did form a significantly stronger bond with their old friend on the phone compared with email, and they didn’t feel more awkward,” said study co-author Amit Kumar.
In another experiment, the researchers had strangers connect by either texting, talking over video chat, or talking using only audio. They found that both forms of voice communication made the strangers feel much more connected than when they communicated via text.
Sabrina Romanoff, a Harvard psychologist, says people tend to text or email instead of calling because of convenience as they see it as a controlled form of communication where they can “respond to information exactly in the way they intend without unexpected additions by the other person”. However, in fact, texting can make it hard to determine the true meaning behind a conversation. “A phone call is actually more convenient when considering the real effects of the message,” she explains. “Each party is more present, and therefore, able to understand the meaning behind the content without thinking over the endless possible meanings behind words.”
8.Which is the best for building closer connections according to the new study?
A.An email. B.A video chat. C.A text message. D.A letter.
9.What did the participants in the first experiment do?
A.They made predictions on the others’ intentions.
B.They made random phone calls to some strangers.
C.They imagined the joy of hearing someone’s voice.
D.They predicted a phone call would be embarrassing.
10.Why does Sabrina Romanoff consider making phone calls convenient?
A.It can improve your communication skills.
B.It proves a controlled form of communication.
C.It can make it easier to understand each other.
D.It avoids unexpected additions in conversations.
11.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.You Should Call Instead of Texting
B.Technology Builds More Connections
C.Communicate With Your Old Friends
D.Voice Communication Is Time-saving
D
Despite their endless social activities, closely packed urban environments often come with the hidden phenomenon of increased loneliness. According to Dr. Vivek Murthy, United States Surgeon General, the global "loneliness epidemic" is an overlooked consequence of urban living that carries serious risks, associated with heart disease, depression, anxiety, and dementia.
While there are many ways to overcome loneliness, such as redesigning urban architecture to help facilitate social interactions or making it easier for people to own pets, a new study also recommends adding nature into the mix.
The findings, published in the journal Scientific Reports, follows a review of assessments provided by more than 750 U.K. residents who volunteered to use a custom–built smartphone app fortwo weeks. The participants were questioned randomly three times a day using a technique called an"ecological momentary assessment." In addition to questions about overcrowding and social inclusion
(融入),the volunteers were asked about their natural surroundings,such as"Can you see trees, plants and water right now?" Feelings of "momentary loneliness" were then ranked on a five-point scale.
According to the more than 16,600 assessments received, overcrowded environments increased feelings of loneliness by a shocking 38%, regardless of age, gender, education level, or occupation. When people were able to interact with green spaces or hear birds or see the sky, however, loneliness dropped by 28%. Social inclusivity, defined by the research team as feeling welcomed by a group orsharing similar values, also dropped loneliness by 21%.
These findings appear to correlate(联系) with previous research into the mental benefits ofwalking through natural areas. Johanna Gibbons, leader of the research team, further indicates that high-quality green and blue spaces such as parks and rivers in dense urban areas, which is often viewed as a key weapon in the fight against climate change, can also be critical in improving our own well-being and reducing feelings of isolation. She said, "I believe deep in our souls, there are really deep connections with natural forces."
12. What problem is discussed in paragraph 1?
A. Urban living lacks social connection. B. Loneliness is a growing threat in cities.
C. Modern cities are getting overcrowded. D. Aging population are facing more risks.
13. What did the social survey focus on?
A. How loneliness affected people of all ages. B. What the root of the loneliness in cities was.
C. How hi-technology improved people's lives. D. What people's favorite living surroundings were.
14. What might help deal with urban loneliness according to the new survey?
A. A life experience in nature. B. Low rates of social activities.
C. An overcrowded environment. D. A design of urban architecture.
15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Playing hard is harmful to mental health. B. People in green spaces may be more cheerful.
C. Global warming changes our characteristics. D. Everything is connected with natural forces.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A Simple Guide to a Healthy Diet
Here are the healthy foods you should eat more and the unhealthy ones you should eat less.
Eat more nuts and seeds. They have an incredibly powerful mixture of healthy at fiber and other important nutrients(营养). ____16___. For example they have a wide range of beneficial effects on your livers and on your brain functions as you age. Regularly eating a proper amount of nuts and seeds can also help you stop weight gain.
Eat more fruits and vegetables. It should come as no surprise. And they don’t have to be fresh to be healthy. ___17____. If you can get canned fruits or vegetables that don’t have a lot of salt or sugar, that's fine, too.
____18___. There's about 400% more salt in processed meat than in unprocessed one. The most obvious problem with too much salt is that it raises your blood pressure which can lead to heart attacks. But if you really love it, you can wash it off with tap water to get rid of the extra salt before it is cooked.
Stay away from sugary drinks ____19___. In particular, such sweet drinks are linked to a much higher risk of obesity(肥胖症)and heart attacks.
In short, healthy eating can be easy if you follow this simple rule: ___20____
A. Shy away from salty bacon and sandwich
B. Reduce the consumption of processed meat
C. If they don’t have a lot of sugar, it would be fine
D. Such nutrients are very important for your health
E. If you can get frozen fruits or vegetables, that's great
F. Stick to eating fresh and green while avoiding too much salt and sugar
G. Liquid sugar from soda and energy drinks is the worst way to consume sugar
第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When the Covid-19 pandemic struck Indonesia’s island of Bali, tourism-the driving economic force in the region-just about came to a halt(停止). More than half of Bali’s economic profits comes from tourism which 21 hundreds of thousands of Balinese people. Many moved back to their home villages. And with more people returning to the villages, more trash 22 . With so many people out of work,they were also going 23 .
Made Janur Yasa, a restaurant owner in the town of Ubud said he wanted to find a way to help people in his community during the pandemic while also 24 the ongoing problem of plastic pollution. So, he 25 a program where local villagers could exchange plastic for rice-a barter(物物交换)system that would 26 the environment and empower the local people. Residents can turn in plastic trash they 27 in exchange for a main food staple.
In May 2020, he 28 the first exchange in the village where he was born and raised. It was a success, and the 29 quickly spread to other villages across Bali. His non-profit,Plastic Exchange, was born.
The program 30 local neighborhood groups called Banjars that collect plastic from their homes, streets, rivers, beaches and surrounding areas. Villages hold community exchange 31 once a month in which residents can bring in plastic to trade in for rice. Yasa says the organization has so far helped 32 thousands of families and collected 33 300 tons of plastic for recycling.
“Teenagers come with a smile. Elderly people are there. Young kids come with their mothers. That’s what keeps me 34 , to see them all excited about it.” Yasa said. “They were feeling powerless, and this gives them 35 .”
21. A. improves B. employs C. amuses D. guarantees
22. A. piled up B. used up C. put up D. cleaned up
23. A. thirsty B. crazy C. exhausted D. hungry
24. A. raising B. sharing C. addressing D. producing
25. A. started B. quit C. accepted D. supported
26. A. renew B. benefit C. destroy D. threaten
27. A. threw B. removed C. collected D. witnessed
28. A. hosted B. cancelled C. approached D. impressed
29. A. principle B. definition C. knowledge D. concept
30. A. sets up B. brings together C. picks out D. depends on
31. A. practices B. contests C. events D. beliefs
32. A. inspire B. disturb C. affect D. feed
33. A. hardly B. nearly C. barely D. obviously
34. A. going B. passing C. rushing D. recording
35. A. confidence B. responsibility C. hope D. respect
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It is with a very heavy heart that we are sharing the news of the passing of Dr. Alfonso (Rick) Radcliffe, who celebrated his 92nd birthday in October. He died ____36____(peaceful) at his home on the evening of Friday. Rick is survived ____37____ his son and daughter-in-law.
Rick was born in St. Louis, 1928. He ____38____ (accept) in the Physics program at UCLA at 15 years old but delayed ____39____ (study) to serve in the army. When he was released one year later, Rick returned to UCLA, completing his BS, MS and Doctorate degree. ____40____ (arm) with a PhD in Control Systems, Rick went to work at Mattel Toys as a Test Engineer, _____41___ he creatively designed a musical doll. Rick was later hired to serve as Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering for the new minority engineering program at CSUN, becoming the ____42____ (one) black Dean of Engineering in the entire CSU system. Among his many ground breaking ____43____ (accomplish), Rick was responsible for hiring ____44____ women into CSUN’s engineering program than all of the other CSU schools combined. Rick worked at CSUN for 30 years including 10 years of post-retirement project work.
In keeping with his investigative mind set, Rick donated his body to UCLA for ____45____ (science) research.
第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，学校正在为即将举办的年度运动会招募志愿者，你打算报名，恰逢交换生Alex向你发电子邮件咨询相关情况，请你给他回一封邮件。内容包括：
1.运动会时间和地点：
2.运动会志愿者职责：
3.邀请共同报名参加。
注意：
1.词数80左右：
2.可是适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Alex,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
December 5,2012, was a very special day for Josephine and Scott Lansing, as it marked the fourth adoption for the Lansings.
When they began the journey to adopt their first daughter, Cloe, years ago, Josephine and Scott Lansing never imagined they would eventually have a house full of girls. The couple later adopted Josie in 2011 and Annabelle in 2012.For the Lansing family, adoption is about giving every child the opportunity to grow healthily in a loving home. Scott and Josephine are great advocates for each of their daughters, and they make sure each child knows how special and loved they are.
In February of 2009, Bethany entered into the care of Child Protective Services due to her mother's inability to care for her and her brothers and sisters. Her experiences made it very difficult for her to trust adults, since she learned from an early age that she could only count on herself. She lived in a shelter for several months before moving into a foster home (寄养家庭). Still, Bethany struggled to understand why she had been taken away from the only family she had known. In May of 2010, Bethany was placed at Helping Hand Home for Children's Residential Treatment Center,where her journey to returning to normal finally began. With the patience, support, and guidance of the Helping Hand Home staff, Bethany developed healthy, appropriate ways to express her emotions.She was taught to respect herself, and she learned that it was okay to trust others.
When Bethany was introduced to the Lansing family in June of 2012, the meeting did not go as smoothly as everyone hoped. Bethany's insecurities resurfaced due to the suffering she experienced at such a young age, and she refused to talk or even look at the Lansings at their first meeting.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
But the Lansing family had no intention to give up. __________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Later, Bethany experienced a lot of exciting things. __________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1.B; 2.D; 3.C
解析：1.推理判断题。根据New Orleans一节中“Those lively rhythms of Africa ran head on with the sounds of Europe to create jazz,a typical American art form that has inspired generations of Americans and spread around the globe.(爵士乐是一种典型的美国艺术形式,它激励了一代又一代的美国人,并传播到了世界各地。)”及Chicago一节中“Large numbers of African Americans left the South in search of better opportunities during 1916-1970 and Chicago attracted scores of these people,who brought with them the sound of the Mississippi River...Here,it changed into something sad and symphonic:blues.(1916~1970年间,大批非裔美国人为了寻找更好的机会离开了南方,艺加哥吸引了大量的非裔美国人,他们带来了密西西比河的声音。在这里,它变成了悲伤和交响乐:布鲁斯。)”可推断,爵士及布鲁斯音乐的起源很相似:都是源于美国。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据Memphis一节中“It was here in Sun Studios in the summer of 195 that Ike Turner and his band the Delta Cats recorded 'Rocket88',widely regarded as the first rock and roll song.(1951年夏天,艾克·特纳和他的乐队“三角洲猫”在太阳录音棚录制了《火箭88》,这首歌被广泛认为是第一首摇滚歌曲。)”可知,摇滚乐是在20世纪中期诞生的。故选D。
3.细节理解题。根据New York City一节中“But to experience a true New York state of mind,you have to leave the shiny towers and Broadway shows of Manhattan and head to Harlem,the Bronx,Brooklyn,and Queens to explore the city's hip-hop history.(但要体验真正的纽约精神状态,你必须离开曼哈顿闪亮的高楼和百老汇表演,前往哈莱姆区、布朗克斯、布鲁克林和皇后区,探索这座城市的嘻哈历史。)”可知,哈莱姆区和皇后区以嘻哈文化而著名。故选C。
B
答案：4.B; 5.A; 6.D; 7.A
解析：4.推理判断题。根据第二段“At that time she was teaching students how to use programs like InDesign and Photoshop.Students found the programs hard to learn,and even harder to use.She imagined the future of design would be entirely different.It would be online and very simple.”(当时她正在教学生如何使用InDesign和Photoshop等程序。学生们发现这些程序很难学习,甚至更难使用。她想象设计的未来完全不同。它将是在线的,非常简单。)可知当帕金斯在教学生们使用程序时,看到他们很难学会也很难使用这个程序,因此萌生了研发简单的在线图形设计程序的想法。故选B项。
5.细节理解题。根据第三段“after all,she and Cliff Obrecht,,another co-founder of the company, were just university students with no funding and no technical or entrepreneurial(创业的)knowledge need to create the product and the company.”(毕竟,她和该公司的另一位联合创始人克利夫·奥布雷希特只是大学生,没有资金,也没有技术或创业经验知识需要创造产品和公司。)由“with no funding'"可知,在创业初期他们遇到的困难之一是缺少资金。故选A项。
6.推理判断题。根据第二段“She imagined the future of design would be entirely different.It would be online and very simple.”(她想象设计的未来完全不同。它将是在线的,非常简单。)和第三段Perkins got the idea of creating a great new product.At the time, it was just a dream”(珀金斯想到了创造一个伟大的新产品。当时,这只是一个梦),可知帕金斯在看到学生的需求时想到了研发简单的程序,而且根据公司的成功可知,她有商业头脑。故选D项。
7.推理判断题。根据第四段“However,what Melanie and her then friend Obrecht(now husband)did have was determination.”(然而,梅兰妮和她当时的朋友奥布雷希特(现在的丈夫)所拥有的是决心。)以及倒数第三段内容,可知当遇到困难时帕金斯和她的丈夫显示出了不泄气、不放弃、寻找方法继续前行的品质。故选A项。
C
答案：8.B; 9.D; 10.C; 11.A
解析：8.推理判断题。根据第二段“A new study, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology, found that communication interactions that included voice created stronger social relationships than communication through typing.(发表在《实验心理学杂志》上的一项新研究发现,与打字交流相比,包括声音在内的交流互动能创造更强的社会关系。)”可知,新的研究发现,有声音的交流能建立更强的社会关系,只有B选项“A video chat(视频聊天)”的交流有声音的参与,其他选项都是文字交流,因此,B选项符合题意。故选B项。
9.细节理解题。根据第三段“In the first one, they asked 200 people to make predictions about what it'd be like to reconnect with an old friend by email or by phone and then assigned people at random to do one or the other. Although people expected that a phone call would be more awkward, hearing someone's voice actually made the experience better.(在第一个实验中,他们让200人预测通过电子邮件或电话与老朋友重新联系会是什么样子,然后随机分配一些人去做其中一项或另一项。虽然人们认为打电话会更尴尬,但听到别人的声音实际上会让体验更好。)”可知,在第一个实验中,参加者预测打电话可能会更尴尬。故选D项。
10.细节理解题。根据最后一段“'A phone call is actually more convenient when considering the net effects of the message,' she explains. 'Each party is more present, and therefore, able to understand the meaning behind the content without thinking over the endless possible meanings behind words and punctuation.'(她解释说:“考虑到短信的实际影响,打电话实际上更方便。每一方都更有参与感,因此,能够理解内容背后的含义,而不必考虑词语和标点符号背后可能存在的无尽含义。”)”可知,Sabrina Romanoff认为打电话更方便的原因是它让彼此更容易被理解。故选C项。
11.主旨大意题。根据第一段“But according to science, if you want to feel more connected to the people you're talking to, you should call them instead of texting.(但科学表明,如果你想和谈话对象建立更紧密的联系,你应该给他们打电话而不是发短信。)”和第二段“A new study, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology, found that communication interactions that included voice created stronger social relationships than communication through typing.(发表在《实验心理学杂志》上的一项新研究发现,与打字交流相比,包括声音在内的交流互动能创造更强的社会关系。)”可知,文章主要讲述新的研究发现,有声音的交流能建立更强的社会关系,打电话比发短信更容易让人们建立紧密的关系。所以A选项“Should We Call Instead of Texting(我们应该打电话而不是发短信吗?)”概括了文章内容,适合作为文章标题。故选A项。
D
答案：12-15 BBAB
解析：12.细节理解题。根据首句Despite their endless social activities,closely packed urban environments often come with the hiddenphenomenon of increased loneliness.可知，密集的城市环境常常伴随着隐藏的孤独感增加的现象。因此，B项“在城市里孤独是一个日益严重的威胁”符合题意。故选B。
13.推理判断题。根据第三段In addition to questions about overcrowding and social inclusion(融入),the volunteers were asked abouttheir natural surroundings,such as"Can you see trees,plants and water right now?"可知，社会调查主要关注的是找到城市中孤独的根源。故选B。
14.细节理解题。根据第四段 When people were able to interact with green spaces or hear birds or see the sky,however,lonelinessdropped by 28%.可知，亲近大自然可以帮助减少城市孤独。故选A。
15.推理判断题。根据最后一段high-quality green and blue spaces such as parks and rivers in dense urban areas, can also be criticalin improving our own well-being and reducing feelings of isolation.可知，公园绿地可以提高我们的幸福，减少孤独感，使我们更加积极的对待生活。故选B。
第二节
答案：16-20 DEBGF
解析：16.空前及空后提到坚果中的脂肪、植物纤维等营养元素及其益处可知,D项"这些营养素对你的健康非常重要"正好起到了承上启下的作用。
17.根据空前"And they don't have to be fresh to be healthy."及空后"If you can get canned fruits or vegetables that don't have a lot of salt or sugar,that's fine, too."可知,E项"如果你能吃上冷藏的水果或蔬菜那当然好"符合。
18.本段主要是讲加工过的肉类中盐含量过高的问题,故B项"减少消费加工过的肉类"适合作主题句。
19.根据空前的关键词sugary drinks及空后对含糖饮料的警示可知,G项"通过饮料摄入过多的糖是最糟糕的"符合。
20.因为空项处于文章的末尾,很可能是对全文进行总结。故F项"坚持吃新鲜的,尽量避免摄入过多的糖和盐"符合。
第二部分语言知识运用
第一节
答案：21-25 BADCA 26-30 BCADB 31-35 CDBAC
解析：21.考查动词词义辨析。句意：巴厘岛一半以上的经济利润来自旅游业，旅游业为巴厘岛提供了成千上万的就业机会。A.improves改善；B.employs使用，雇佣；C.amuses逗乐；D.guarantees保证。根据上文“More than half of Bali's economic profits comes fromtourism which”可知，巴厘岛一半以上的经济利润来自旅游业，说明旅游业给巴厘岛的居民提供了许多就业机会，故选B。
22.考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着越来越多的人返回村庄，更多的垃圾堆积起来。A.piled up堆积；B.used up用完；C.put up提供；D.cleaned up清理。根据上文“And with more people returning to the villages,more trash”可知返回村庄的人多了, 垃圾也就堆积起来了。故选A。
23.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这么多人失业，他们也在挨饿。A.thirsty口渴的；B.crazy疯狂的；C.exhausted筋疲力尽的；D.hungry饥饿的。根据上文“With so many people out of work”以及后文提供食物的项目，可知人们失业在挨饿。故选D。
24.考查动词词义辨析。句意：乌布镇的餐馆老板Made Janur Yasa表示，他想找到一种方法，在疫情期间帮助社区的人们，同时解决持续存在的塑料污染问题。A.raising提升；B.sharing分享；C.addressing讲话，解决；D.producing产生。根据后文“theongoing problem of plastic pollution”指解决塑料污染问题，应用address. 故选C。
25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，他启动了一个项目，让当地村民用塑料换大米——这是一个有利于环境和增强当地人民能力的易货系统。A.started开始，启动；B.quit停止；C.accepted接受；D.supported支持。根据后文“a program where local villagerscould exchange plastic for rice—a barter system that would”指启动了一个让当地村民用塑料换大米的项目，应用start。故选A。
26.考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，他启动了一个项目，让当地村民用塑料换大米—这是一个有利于环境和增强当地人民能力的易货系统。A.renew重新开始；B.benefit受益；C.destroy破坏；D.threaten威胁。根据上文“local villagers could exchangeplastic for rice”可知，村民可以用塑料换大米，所以是有利于环境的，故选B。
27.考查动词词义辨析。句意：居民可以上交他们收集的塑料垃圾，以换取主要的主食。A.threw扔；B.removed移开；C.collected收集：D.witnessed目击。根据上文“Residents can tum in plastic trash they”指上交收集的塑料垃圾。后文“and collected”也是提示。故选C。
28.考查动词词义辨析。句意：2020年5月，他在他出生和长大的村庄主持了第一次交换。A.hosted主持；B.cancelled取消；C.approached靠近；D.impressed印象深刻。根据上文“the first exchange in the village where he was born and raised”指主持第一次垃圾换大米活动，应用host。故选A。
29.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一成功的概念迅速传播到整个巴厘岛的其他村庄。A.principle原则；B.definition定义；C.knowledge知识；D.concept概念。结合上文“the environment and empower the local people”可知“垃圾换大米”这一想法对环境和当地人都有益，所以是成功的概念。故选D。
30.考查动词短语辨析。句意：该项目将当地名为Banjars的社区组织聚集在一起，从他们的家里、街道、河流、海滩和周边地区收集塑料。A.sets up建立；B.brings together集合，聚集；C.picks out选出；D.depends on取决于。根据后文“local neighborhoodgroups called Banjars that collect plastic from their homes,streets,rivers, beaches and surrounding areas”可知，当地的社区都开始从他们的家里、街道、河流、海滩和周边地区收集塑料，说明项目把这些都聚集在了一起，故选B。
31.考查名词词义辨析。句意：村庄每月举行一次社区交换活动，居民可以拿塑料换大米。A.practices实践；B.contests竞赛；C.events事件，活动；D.beliefs信念。根据后文“once a month”可知交换活动每月一次，应用event。故选C。
32.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Yasa说，到目前为止，该组织已经帮助养活了数千个家庭，并收集了近300吨塑料用于回收。A.inspire激励；B.disturb打扰；C.affect影响；D.feed喂养。根据后文“thousands of families”可知，“垃圾换大米”帮助养活了数千个家庭。故选D。
33.考查副词词义辨析。句意：Yasa说，到目前为止，该组织已经帮助养活了数千个家庭，并收集了近300吨塑料用于回收。A.hardly几乎不；B.nearly差不多；C.barely几乎不；D.obviously显然。根据后文“300 tons of plastic for recycling”可知此处是在描述收集到的垃圾大概数量，nearly表示“差不多，将近”符合语境。故选B。
34.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是我前进的动力，看到他们都很兴奋。A.going前进；B.passing通过；C.rushing猛冲；D.recording记录，根据后文“to see them all excited about it”可知，Yasa看到人们对此都积极参与，感到兴奋，有了继续前进的动力，故选A。
35.考查名词词义辨析。句意：“他们感到力不从心，而这给了他们希望，”A.confidence自信；B.responsibility责任；C.hope希望；D.respeet尊重。根据上文“They were feeling powerless,and this gives them”以及上文描述的项目所取得的成就可知，这一活动给了当地人生活下去的希望。故选C。
第二节
答案：36. peacefully 37. by 38. was accepted 39. studying 40. Armed 41. where 42. first 43. accomplishments 44. more 45. scientific
解析：36.考查副词。句意：周五晚上，他在家中平静地去世。空格处用副词 peacefully修饰动词died，故填 peacefully。
37.考查介词和固定短语。句意：里克身后留下了儿子和儿媳。由 his son and daughter-in-law可知，儿子和儿媳比里克活的时间长survive意为“比……活得久”，句子用被动语态，因此空格处是表示被动的by，故填by。
38.考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：15岁时，他被加州大学洛杉矶分校的物理学专业录取，但为了参军而推迟了学习。根据语境可知，他是被加州大学洛杉矶分校的物理学专业录取，且由at 5 years old可知，句子时态用一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，即 was/ were done，主语He是单数，因此空格处是 was accepted，故填 was accepted。
39.考查动名词。句意：15岁时，他被加州大学洛杉矶分校的物理学专业录取，但为了参军而推迟了学习。 delay doing，是固定短语，意为“推迟做某事”，因此空格处用动名词作宾语，故填 studying。
40.考查过去分词。句意：拥有控制系统博士学位的里克在美泰玩具公司Mattel Toys担任测试工程师，在那里他创造性地设计了一个音乐娃娃。分析可知，句子谓语是went，空格处是非谓语形式，由固定短语 be armed with（装备有）可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，故填 Armed。
41.考查定语从句的引导词。句意：拥有控制系统博士学位的里克在美泰玩具公司 Mattel Toys担任测试工程师，在那里他创造性地设计了一个音乐娃娃。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词 Mattel Toys是地点，因此空格处用关系副词 where，故填 where。
42.考查序数词。句意：里克后来被聘为CSUN新成立的少数民族工程项目的电气工程副教授，成为整个CSU系统中第一位黑人工程系主任。the后跟序数词，one的序数词是first，意为“第一”，故填first。
43.考查名词的复数。句意：在他的许多开创性成就中，里克负责聘请更多的女性进入CSUN的工程项目，比所有其他CSU学校的总和还要多。 breaking是形容词，修饰名词， accomplish的名词是 accomplishment，意为"成就"，前面有many，空格处用复数，故填 accomplishments。
44.考查比较级。句意：在他的许多开创性成就中，里克负责聘请更多的女性进入CSUN的工程项目，比所有其他CSUN学校的总和还要多。由后面的than可知，空格处用比较级，根据语境可知，句子表示"里克负责聘请更多的女性进入CSUN的工程项目"，空格处是“更多的”，是more，故填more。
45.考查形容词。句意：为了保持他的调查思维，里克把他的尸体捐给了加州大学洛杉矶分校用于科学研究。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词 research, science的形容词是 scientific，意为"科学的"，故填 scientific。
第三部分写作
第一节
答案：
Dear Alex,
I had just decided to be a volunteer of the upcoming school sports meet when your email reached me. I am more than willing to inform you of some relevant information.
As scheduled, the sports meet will last from December 19th to 21st in the school playground. Its volunteers' duties will involve guarding the entrance, keeping order and assisting the judges in the field. The opportunity seldom knocks twice that we can have a good time together.
So you are cordially invited to apply as a volunteer together. I'm 100% sure that we will reap unforgettable memories.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
But the Lansing family had no intention to give up.They were patient with Bethany and explained that they wanted to get to know her better and hoped she would one day be part of their family.The other girls shared their stories of coming from the foster care system,and they told her how scared they had been about meeting a new family too and how happy they were now.Soon Bethany's anxiety eased,and she agreed to go and see her new home.
Later, Bethany experienced a lot of exciting things.From many hours spent at the neighborhood pool to her first trip to the beach, Bethany now lived the life every child deserves.The Lansings celebrated Bethany's 11th birthday with a superb cruise.When Bethany returns to Helping Hand Home to visit,the first thing everyone comments on is her self-confidence.The little girl who was once afraid to make eye contact is now a secure,funny young lady who would talk your ear off.
解析：
这是一篇记叙文. Josephine 和Scott Lansing 几年来相继收养了Cloe , Josie , Annabelle 三位女孩, 并给她们提供了健康幸福的成长
环境. 因为家庭原因, Bethany 不得不接受寄养家庭, 但是她的童年经历使得她不信任任何人, 在Helping Hand Home 工作人员
的帮助下, 她的性格有了些许好转, 但是在与Lansing 一家会面时, 还是有些抵触.
1 . 段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容 "但Lansing 一家并不打算放弃. " 可知 , 第一段可描写Lansing 一家合力劝导Bethany .
②由第二段首句内容 "后来, Bethany 经历了许多激动人心的事情. " 可知, 第二段可描写Bethany 的经历和变化.
2 . 续写线索: 女孩们分享经历——Bethany 不再抗拒外出游玩——Bethany 的变化
3 . 词汇激活
行为类
①想做某事 want to do / would like to do
②看看 see / have a look at
③返回 return to / go back to
情绪类
①害怕的 scared / frightened
②幸福的 happy / blissful
[ 高分句型 1 ] They were patient with Beth any and explained that they wanted to get to know her better and hoped she would one day bepart of their family. ( 运用了that 引导的宾语从句)
[ 高分句型 2 ] When Beth any returns to Helping Hand Home to visit, the first thing everyone comments on is her self - confidence . (运用了when 引导的状语从句)
2022届新高考英语考前冲刺卷试卷一（新高考Ⅰ）
第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
These destinations march to the beat of their own drum. So put on your dancing shoes and head to these sweet-sounding cities.
New Orleans
In the 19th century, slaves gathered on Sundays to play drums, dance and sing in Congo Square. Those lively rhythms of Africa ran head on with the sounds of Europe to create jazz, a typical American art form that has inspired generations of Americans and spread around the globe. But this isn’t suit-wearing, head-nodding, polite jazz. New Orleans jazz sweeps you off your feet and makes you jump and clap and sing along.
Chicago
Large numbers of African Americans left the South in search of better opportunities during 1916~1970 and Chicago attracted scores of these people, who brought with them the sound of the Mississippi River. Here, it changed into something sad and symphonic: blues. Blues was not born in Chicago, but it was here that it found a new voice and began to spread its message around the world.
Memphis
Memphis is the birthplace of rock and roll. It was here in Sun Studios in the summer of 1951 that Ike Turner and his band the Delta Cats recorded “Rocket 88”, widely regarded as the first rock and roll song But, like so many great things, it happened by accident the guitarist’s loudspeaker broke down during the recording, creating a unique guitar sound that would become a hallmark of the music. People didn’t know how to classify it, but they knew they loved it. The rest is history.
New York City
New York is one of the world’s greatest cities where you can listen to all kinds of music. But to experience a true New York state of mind, you have to leave the shiny towers and Broadway shows of Manhattan and head to Harlem, the Bronx, Brooklyn, and Queens to explore the city’s hip-hop history.
1.What do New Orleans jazz and Chicago blues have in common?
A.They sound very sad. B.They have similar origin.
C.They happened by accident. D.They are played on the guitar.
2.When was rock and roll born?
A.In the 19th century. B.In the late 19th century
C.In the early 20th century. D.In the mid 20th century.
3.What are Harlem and Queens known for?
A.Blues. B.Jazz. C.Hip hop. D.Rock and roll.
B
Melanie Perkins is co-founder of Canva, which allows users to create graphic designs for free in its simplest version, from social media posts to professional presentations.
The Canva journey started back in 2007, when Perkins was studying at the University of Western Australia. At that time she was teaching students how to use programs like InDesign and Photoshop. Students found the programs hard to learn, and even harder to use. She imagined the future of design would be entirely different. It would be online and very simple.
Perkins got the idea of creating a great new product. At the time, it was just a dream; after all, she and Cliff Obrecht, another co-founder of the company, were just university students with no funding and no technical or entrepreneurial(创业的)knowledge needed to create the product and the company.
However, what Melanie and her then friend Obrecht(now husband)did have was determination. They took the plunge and created their first design start-up called Fusion Books. It was an easy online platform for designing high school yearbooks. That turned out to be a success, and gave them wings for the next step: Canva.
However, they needed funding. Finding the right people took two years but there was always a lot of rejection for entrepreneurs in their early days. But every time they got a hard question or a reason why people wouldn’t invest, they stayed focused on what they could change. “The normal thing to do after your 100th, 80th or even 20th ‘no’ would be to stop, but you just have to insist trying,” Melanie said.
A key person in getting Canva off the ground was Cameron Adams, an ex-Google employee who brought the technical expertise they needed.
Now Canva is a global business, but neither Perkins nor Obrecht considers that they have collected a fortune just for themselves. They want to do as much good as possible with their money.
4.What inspired Perkins to create an easy design system?
A.The success of her Fusion Books.
B.The need she saw from students.
C.Her then friend Obrecht’s encouragement.
D.A university program she attended.
5.What difficulty did Perkins meet at first?
A.She was short of money. B.No one supported her.
C.She lacked confidence. D.She couldn’t find a worker.
6.Which of the following words can best describe Perkins?
A.Easy-going. B.Responsible. C.Energetic. D.Business-minded.
7.What message can we get from Perkins’ story?
A.Never give up. B.Be true to others.
C.Practice makes perfect. D.Every road leads to Rome.
C
So many things can keep you from seeing your loved ones in person. Fortunately, thanks to modern technology, the people we miss are often only a phone call or text message away. But according to science, if you want to feel more connected to the people you’re talking to, you should call them instead of texting.
A new study, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology, found that communication interactions that included voice created stronger social relationships than communication through typing.
In the study, researchers conducted various experiments. In the first one, they asked 200 people to make predictions about what it’d be like to reconnect with an old friend by email or by phone and then assigned people at random to do one or the other. Although people expected that a phone call would be more awkward, hearing someone’s voice actually made the experience better.
“People reported they did form a significantly stronger bond with their old friend on the phone compared with email, and they didn’t feel more awkward,” said study co-author Amit Kumar.
In another experiment, the researchers had strangers connect by either texting, talking over video chat, or talking using only audio. They found that both forms of voice communication made the strangers feel much more connected than when they communicated via text.
Sabrina Romanoff, a Harvard psychologist, says people tend to text or email instead of calling because of convenience as they see it as a controlled form of communication where they can “respond to information exactly in the way they intend without unexpected additions by the other person”. However, in fact, texting can make it hard to determine the true meaning behind a conversation. “A phone call is actually more convenient when considering the real effects of the message,” she explains. “Each party is more present, and therefore, able to understand the meaning behind the content without thinking over the endless possible meanings behind words.”
8.Which is the best for building closer connections according to the new study?
A.An email. B.A video chat. C.A text message. D.A letter.
9.What did the participants in the first experiment do?
A.They made predictions on the others’ intentions.
B.They made random phone calls to some strangers.
C.They imagined the joy of hearing someone’s voice.
D.They predicted a phone call would be embarrassing.
10.Why does Sabrina Romanoff consider making phone calls convenient?
A.It can improve your communication skills.
B.It proves a controlled form of communication.
C.It can make it easier to understand each other.
D.It avoids unexpected additions in conversations.
11.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.You Should Call Instead of Texting
B.Technology Builds More Connections
C.Communicate With Your Old Friends
D.Voice Communication Is Time-saving
D
Despite their endless social activities, closely packed urban environments often come with the hidden phenomenon of increased loneliness. According to Dr. Vivek Murthy, United States Surgeon General, the global "loneliness epidemic" is an overlooked consequence of urban living that carries serious risks, associated with heart disease, depression, anxiety, and dementia.
While there are many ways to overcome loneliness, such as redesigning urban architecture to help facilitate social interactions or making it easier for people to own pets, a new study also recommends adding nature into the mix.
The findings, published in the journal Scientific Reports, follows a review of assessments provided by more than 750 U.K. residents who volunteered to use a custom–built smartphone app fortwo weeks. The participants were questioned randomly three times a day using a technique called an"ecological momentary assessment." In addition to questions about overcrowding and social inclusion
(融入),the volunteers were asked about their natural surroundings,such as"Can you see trees, plants and water right now?" Feelings of "momentary loneliness" were then ranked on a five-point scale.
According to the more than 16,600 assessments received, overcrowded environments increased feelings of loneliness by a shocking 38%, regardless of age, gender, education level, or occupation. When people were able to interact with green spaces or hear birds or see the sky, however, loneliness dropped by 28%. Social inclusivity, defined by the research team as feeling welcomed by a group orsharing similar values, also dropped loneliness by 21%.
These findings appear to correlate(联系) with previous research into the mental benefits ofwalking through natural areas. Johanna Gibbons, leader of the research team, further indicates that high-quality green and blue spaces such as parks and rivers in dense urban areas, which is often viewed as a key weapon in the fight against climate change, can also be critical in improving our own well-being and reducing feelings of isolation. She said, "I believe deep in our souls, there are really deep connections with natural forces."
12. What problem is discussed in paragraph 1?
A. Urban living lacks social connection. B. Loneliness is a growing threat in cities.
C. Modern cities are getting overcrowded. D. Aging population are facing more risks.
13. What did the social survey focus on?
A. How loneliness affected people of all ages. B. What the root of the loneliness in cities was.
C. How hi-technology improved people's lives. D. What people's favorite living surroundings were.
14. What might help deal with urban loneliness according to the new survey?
A. A life experience in nature. B. Low rates of social activities.
C. An overcrowded environment. D. A design of urban architecture.
15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Playing hard is harmful to mental health. B. People in green spaces may be more cheerful.
C. Global warming changes our characteristics. D. Everything is connected with natural forces.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A Simple Guide to a Healthy Diet
Here are the healthy foods you should eat more and the unhealthy ones you should eat less.
Eat more nuts and seeds. They have an incredibly powerful mixture of healthy at fiber and other important nutrients(营养). ____16___. For example they have a wide range of beneficial effects on your livers and on your brain functions as you age. Regularly eating a proper amount of nuts and seeds can also help you stop weight gain.
Eat more fruits and vegetables. It should come as no surprise. And they don’t have to be fresh to be healthy. ___17____. If you can get canned fruits or vegetables that don’t have a lot of salt or sugar, that's fine, too.
____18___. There's about 400% more salt in processed meat than in unprocessed one. The most obvious problem with too much salt is that it raises your blood pressure which can lead to heart attacks. But if you really love it, you can wash it off with tap water to get rid of the extra salt before it is cooked.
Stay away from sugary drinks ____19___. In particular, such sweet drinks are linked to a much higher risk of obesity(肥胖症)and heart attacks.
In short, healthy eating can be easy if you follow this simple rule: ___20____
A. Shy away from salty bacon and sandwich
B. Reduce the consumption of processed meat
C. If they don’t have a lot of sugar, it would be fine
D. Such nutrients are very important for your health
E. If you can get frozen fruits or vegetables, that's great
F. Stick to eating fresh and green while avoiding too much salt and sugar
G. Liquid sugar from soda and energy drinks is the worst way to consume sugar
第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When the Covid-19 pandemic struck Indonesia’s island of Bali, tourism-the driving economic force in the region-just about came to a halt(停止). More than half of Bali’s economic profits comes from tourism which 21 hundreds of thousands of Balinese people. Many moved back to their home villages. And with more people returning to the villages, more trash 22 . With so many people out of work,they were also going 23 .
Made Janur Yasa, a restaurant owner in the town of Ubud said he wanted to find a way to help people in his community during the pandemic while also 24 the ongoing problem of plastic pollution. So, he 25 a program where local villagers could exchange plastic for rice-a barter(物物交换)system that would 26 the environment and empower the local people. Residents can turn in plastic trash they 27 in exchange for a main food staple.
In May 2020, he 28 the first exchange in the village where he was born and raised. It was a success, and the 29 quickly spread to other villages across Bali. His non-profit,Plastic Exchange, was born.
The program 30 local neighborhood groups called Banjars that collect plastic from their homes, streets, rivers, beaches and surrounding areas. Villages hold community exchange 31 once a month in which residents can bring in plastic to trade in for rice. Yasa says the organization has so far helped 32 thousands of families and collected 33 300 tons of plastic for recycling.
“Teenagers come with a smile. Elderly people are there. Young kids come with their mothers. That’s what keeps me 34 , to see them all excited about it.” Yasa said. “They were feeling powerless, and this gives them 35 .”
21. A. improves B. employs C. amuses D. guarantees
22. A. piled up B. used up C. put up D. cleaned up
23. A. thirsty B. crazy C. exhausted D. hungry
24. A. raising B. sharing C. addressing D. producing
25. A. started B. quit C. accepted D. supported
26. A. renew B. benefit C. destroy D. threaten
27. A. threw B. removed C. collected D. witnessed
28. A. hosted B. cancelled C. approached D. impressed
29. A. principle B. definition C. knowledge D. concept
30. A. sets up B. brings together C. picks out D. depends on
31. A. practices B. contests C. events D. beliefs
32. A. inspire B. disturb C. affect D. feed
33. A. hardly B. nearly C. barely D. obviously
34. A. going B. passing C. rushing D. recording
35. A. confidence B. responsibility C. hope D. respect
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It is with a very heavy heart that we are sharing the news of the passing of Dr. Alfonso (Rick) Radcliffe, who celebrated his 92nd birthday in October. He died ____36____(peaceful) at his home on the evening of Friday. Rick is survived ____37____ his son and daughter-in-law.
Rick was born in St. Louis, 1928. He ____38____ (accept) in the Physics program at UCLA at 15 years old but delayed ____39____ (study) to serve in the army. When he was released one year later, Rick returned to UCLA, completing his BS, MS and Doctorate degree. ____40____ (arm) with a PhD in Control Systems, Rick went to work at Mattel Toys as a Test Engineer, _____41___ he creatively designed a musical doll. Rick was later hired to serve as Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering for the new minority engineering program at CSUN, becoming the ____42____ (one) black Dean of Engineering in the entire CSU system. Among his many ground breaking ____43____ (accomplish), Rick was responsible for hiring ____44____ women into CSUN’s engineering program than all of the other CSU schools combined. Rick worked at CSUN for 30 years including 10 years of post-retirement project work.
In keeping with his investigative mind set, Rick donated his body to UCLA for ____45____ (science) research.
第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，学校正在为即将举办的年度运动会招募志愿者，你打算报名，恰逢交换生Alex向你发电子邮件咨询相关情况，请你给他回一封邮件。内容包括：
1.运动会时间和地点：
2.运动会志愿者职责：
3.邀请共同报名参加。
注意：
1.词数80左右：
2.可是适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Alex,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
December 5,2012, was a very special day for Josephine and Scott Lansing, as it marked the fourth adoption for the Lansings.
When they began the journey to adopt their first daughter, Cloe, years ago, Josephine and Scott Lansing never imagined they would eventually have a house full of girls. The couple later adopted Josie in 2011 and Annabelle in 2012.For the Lansing family, adoption is about giving every child the opportunity to grow healthily in a loving home. Scott and Josephine are great advocates for each of their daughters, and they make sure each child knows how special and loved they are.
In February of 2009, Bethany entered into the care of Child Protective Services due to her mother's inability to care for her and her brothers and sisters. Her experiences made it very difficult for her to trust adults, since she learned from an early age that she could only count on herself. She lived in a shelter for several months before moving into a foster home (寄养家庭). Still, Bethany struggled to understand why she had been taken away from the only family she had known. In May of 2010, Bethany was placed at Helping Hand Home for Children's Residential Treatment Center,where her journey to returning to normal finally began. With the patience, support, and guidance of the Helping Hand Home staff, Bethany developed healthy, appropriate ways to express her emotions.She was taught to respect herself, and she learned that it was okay to trust others.
When Bethany was introduced to the Lansing family in June of 2012, the meeting did not go as smoothly as everyone hoped. Bethany's insecurities resurfaced due to the suffering she experienced at such a young age, and she refused to talk or even look at the Lansings at their first meeting.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
But the Lansing family had no intention to give up. __________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Later, Bethany experienced a lot of exciting things. __________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1.B; 2.D; 3.C
解析：1.推理判断题。根据New Orleans一节中“Those lively rhythms of Africa ran head on with the sounds of Europe to create jazz,a typical American art form that has inspired generations of Americans and spread around the globe.(爵士乐是一种典型的美国艺术形式,它激励了一代又一代的美国人,并传播到了世界各地。)”及Chicago一节中“Large numbers of African Americans left the South in search of better opportunities during 1916-1970 and Chicago attracted scores of these people,who brought with them the sound of the Mississippi River...Here,it changed into something sad and symphonic:blues.(1916~1970年间,大批非裔美国人为了寻找更好的机会离开了南方,艺加哥吸引了大量的非裔美国人,他们带来了密西西比河的声音。在这里,它变成了悲伤和交响乐:布鲁斯。)”可推断,爵士及布鲁斯音乐的起源很相似:都是源于美国。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据Memphis一节中“It was here in Sun Studios in the summer of 195 that Ike Turner and his band the Delta Cats recorded 'Rocket88',widely regarded as the first rock and roll song.(1951年夏天,艾克·特纳和他的乐队“三角洲猫”在太阳录音棚录制了《火箭88》,这首歌被广泛认为是第一首摇滚歌曲。)”可知,摇滚乐是在20世纪中期诞生的。故选D。
3.细节理解题。根据New York City一节中“But to experience a true New York state of mind,you have to leave the shiny towers and Broadway shows of Manhattan and head to Harlem,the Bronx,Brooklyn,and Queens to explore the city's hip-hop history.(但要体验真正的纽约精神状态,你必须离开曼哈顿闪亮的高楼和百老汇表演,前往哈莱姆区、布朗克斯、布鲁克林和皇后区,探索这座城市的嘻哈历史。)”可知,哈莱姆区和皇后区以嘻哈文化而著名。故选C。
B
答案：4.B; 5.A; 6.D; 7.A
解析：4.推理判断题。根据第二段“At that time she was teaching students how to use programs like InDesign and Photoshop.Students found the programs hard to learn,and even harder to use.She imagined the future of design would be entirely different.It would be online and very simple.”(当时她正在教学生如何使用InDesign和Photoshop等程序。学生们发现这些程序很难学习,甚至更难使用。她想象设计的未来完全不同。它将是在线的,非常简单。)可知当帕金斯在教学生们使用程序时,看到他们很难学会也很难使用这个程序,因此萌生了研发简单的在线图形设计程序的想法。故选B项。
5.细节理解题。根据第三段“after all,she and Cliff Obrecht,,another co-founder of the company, were just university students with no funding and no technical or entrepreneurial(创业的)knowledge need to create the product and the company.”(毕竟,她和该公司的另一位联合创始人克利夫·奥布雷希特只是大学生,没有资金,也没有技术或创业经验知识需要创造产品和公司。)由“with no funding'"可知,在创业初期他们遇到的困难之一是缺少资金。故选A项。
6.推理判断题。根据第二段“She imagined the future of design would be entirely different.It would be online and very simple.”(她想象设计的未来完全不同。它将是在线的,非常简单。)和第三段Perkins got the idea of creating a great new product.At the time, it was just a dream”(珀金斯想到了创造一个伟大的新产品。当时,这只是一个梦),可知帕金斯在看到学生的需求时想到了研发简单的程序,而且根据公司的成功可知,她有商业头脑。故选D项。
7.推理判断题。根据第四段“However,what Melanie and her then friend Obrecht(now husband)did have was determination.”(然而,梅兰妮和她当时的朋友奥布雷希特(现在的丈夫)所拥有的是决心。)以及倒数第三段内容,可知当遇到困难时帕金斯和她的丈夫显示出了不泄气、不放弃、寻找方法继续前行的品质。故选A项。
C
答案：8.B; 9.D; 10.C; 11.A
解析：8.推理判断题。根据第二段“A new study, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology, found that communication interactions that included voice created stronger social relationships than communication through typing.(发表在《实验心理学杂志》上的一项新研究发现,与打字交流相比,包括声音在内的交流互动能创造更强的社会关系。)”可知,新的研究发现,有声音的交流能建立更强的社会关系,只有B选项“A video chat(视频聊天)”的交流有声音的参与,其他选项都是文字交流,因此,B选项符合题意。故选B项。
9.细节理解题。根据第三段“In the first one, they asked 200 people to make predictions about what it'd be like to reconnect with an old friend by email or by phone and then assigned people at random to do one or the other. Although people expected that a phone call would be more awkward, hearing someone's voice actually made the experience better.(在第一个实验中,他们让200人预测通过电子邮件或电话与老朋友重新联系会是什么样子,然后随机分配一些人去做其中一项或另一项。虽然人们认为打电话会更尴尬,但听到别人的声音实际上会让体验更好。)”可知,在第一个实验中,参加者预测打电话可能会更尴尬。故选D项。
10.细节理解题。根据最后一段“'A phone call is actually more convenient when considering the net effects of the message,' she explains. 'Each party is more present, and therefore, able to understand the meaning behind the content without thinking over the endless possible meanings behind words and punctuation.'(她解释说:“考虑到短信的实际影响,打电话实际上更方便。每一方都更有参与感,因此,能够理解内容背后的含义,而不必考虑词语和标点符号背后可能存在的无尽含义。”)”可知,Sabrina Romanoff认为打电话更方便的原因是它让彼此更容易被理解。故选C项。
11.主旨大意题。根据第一段“But according to science, if you want to feel more connected to the people you're talking to, you should call them instead of texting.(但科学表明,如果你想和谈话对象建立更紧密的联系,你应该给他们打电话而不是发短信。)”和第二段“A new study, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology, found that communication interactions that included voice created stronger social relationships than communication through typing.(发表在《实验心理学杂志》上的一项新研究发现,与打字交流相比,包括声音在内的交流互动能创造更强的社会关系。)”可知,文章主要讲述新的研究发现,有声音的交流能建立更强的社会关系,打电话比发短信更容易让人们建立紧密的关系。所以A选项“Should We Call Instead of Texting(我们应该打电话而不是发短信吗?)”概括了文章内容,适合作为文章标题。故选A项。
D
答案：12-15 BBAB
解析：12.细节理解题。根据首句Despite their endless social activities,closely packed urban environments often come with the hiddenphenomenon of increased loneliness.可知，密集的城市环境常常伴随着隐藏的孤独感增加的现象。因此，B项“在城市里孤独是一个日益严重的威胁”符合题意。故选B。
13.推理判断题。根据第三段In addition to questions about overcrowding and social inclusion(融入),the volunteers were asked abouttheir natural surroundings,such as"Can you see trees,plants and water right now?"可知，社会调查主要关注的是找到城市中孤独的根源。故选B。
14.细节理解题。根据第四段 When people were able to interact with green spaces or hear birds or see the sky,however,lonelinessdropped by 28%.可知，亲近大自然可以帮助减少城市孤独。故选A。
15.推理判断题。根据最后一段high-quality green and blue spaces such as parks and rivers in dense urban areas, can also be criticalin improving our own well-being and reducing feelings of isolation.可知，公园绿地可以提高我们的幸福，减少孤独感，使我们更加积极的对待生活。故选B。
第二节
答案：16-20 DEBGF
解析：16.空前及空后提到坚果中的脂肪、植物纤维等营养元素及其益处可知,D项"这些营养素对你的健康非常重要"正好起到了承上启下的作用。
17.根据空前"And they don't have to be fresh to be healthy."及空后"If you can get canned fruits or vegetables that don't have a lot of salt or sugar,that's fine, too."可知,E项"如果你能吃上冷藏的水果或蔬菜那当然好"符合。
18.本段主要是讲加工过的肉类中盐含量过高的问题,故B项"减少消费加工过的肉类"适合作主题句。
19.根据空前的关键词sugary drinks及空后对含糖饮料的警示可知,G项"通过饮料摄入过多的糖是最糟糕的"符合。
20.因为空项处于文章的末尾,很可能是对全文进行总结。故F项"坚持吃新鲜的,尽量避免摄入过多的糖和盐"符合。
第二部分语言知识运用
第一节
答案：21-25 BADCA 26-30 BCADB 31-35 CDBAC
解析：21.考查动词词义辨析。句意：巴厘岛一半以上的经济利润来自旅游业，旅游业为巴厘岛提供了成千上万的就业机会。A.improves改善；B.employs使用，雇佣；C.amuses逗乐；D.guarantees保证。根据上文“More than half of Bali's economic profits comes fromtourism which”可知，巴厘岛一半以上的经济利润来自旅游业，说明旅游业给巴厘岛的居民提供了许多就业机会，故选B。
22.考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着越来越多的人返回村庄，更多的垃圾堆积起来。A.piled up堆积；B.used up用完；C.put up提供；D.cleaned up清理。根据上文“And with more people returning to the villages,more trash”可知返回村庄的人多了, 垃圾也就堆积起来了。故选A。
23.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这么多人失业，他们也在挨饿。A.thirsty口渴的；B.crazy疯狂的；C.exhausted筋疲力尽的；D.hungry饥饿的。根据上文“With so many people out of work”以及后文提供食物的项目，可知人们失业在挨饿。故选D。
24.考查动词词义辨析。句意：乌布镇的餐馆老板Made Janur Yasa表示，他想找到一种方法，在疫情期间帮助社区的人们，同时解决持续存在的塑料污染问题。A.raising提升；B.sharing分享；C.addressing讲话，解决；D.producing产生。根据后文“theongoing problem of plastic pollution”指解决塑料污染问题，应用address. 故选C。
25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，他启动了一个项目，让当地村民用塑料换大米——这是一个有利于环境和增强当地人民能力的易货系统。A.started开始，启动；B.quit停止；C.accepted接受；D.supported支持。根据后文“a program where local villagerscould exchange plastic for rice—a barter system that would”指启动了一个让当地村民用塑料换大米的项目，应用start。故选A。
26.考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，他启动了一个项目，让当地村民用塑料换大米—这是一个有利于环境和增强当地人民能力的易货系统。A.renew重新开始；B.benefit受益；C.destroy破坏；D.threaten威胁。根据上文“local villagers could exchangeplastic for rice”可知，村民可以用塑料换大米，所以是有利于环境的，故选B。
27.考查动词词义辨析。句意：居民可以上交他们收集的塑料垃圾，以换取主要的主食。A.threw扔；B.removed移开；C.collected收集：D.witnessed目击。根据上文“Residents can tum in plastic trash they”指上交收集的塑料垃圾。后文“and collected”也是提示。故选C。
28.考查动词词义辨析。句意：2020年5月，他在他出生和长大的村庄主持了第一次交换。A.hosted主持；B.cancelled取消；C.approached靠近；D.impressed印象深刻。根据上文“the first exchange in the village where he was born and raised”指主持第一次垃圾换大米活动，应用host。故选A。
29.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一成功的概念迅速传播到整个巴厘岛的其他村庄。A.principle原则；B.definition定义；C.knowledge知识；D.concept概念。结合上文“the environment and empower the local people”可知“垃圾换大米”这一想法对环境和当地人都有益，所以是成功的概念。故选D。
30.考查动词短语辨析。句意：该项目将当地名为Banjars的社区组织聚集在一起，从他们的家里、街道、河流、海滩和周边地区收集塑料。A.sets up建立；B.brings together集合，聚集；C.picks out选出；D.depends on取决于。根据后文“local neighborhoodgroups called Banjars that collect plastic from their homes,streets,rivers, beaches and surrounding areas”可知，当地的社区都开始从他们的家里、街道、河流、海滩和周边地区收集塑料，说明项目把这些都聚集在了一起，故选B。
31.考查名词词义辨析。句意：村庄每月举行一次社区交换活动，居民可以拿塑料换大米。A.practices实践；B.contests竞赛；C.events事件，活动；D.beliefs信念。根据后文“once a month”可知交换活动每月一次，应用event。故选C。
32.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Yasa说，到目前为止，该组织已经帮助养活了数千个家庭，并收集了近300吨塑料用于回收。A.inspire激励；B.disturb打扰；C.affect影响；D.feed喂养。根据后文“thousands of families”可知，“垃圾换大米”帮助养活了数千个家庭。故选D。
33.考查副词词义辨析。句意：Yasa说，到目前为止，该组织已经帮助养活了数千个家庭，并收集了近300吨塑料用于回收。A.hardly几乎不；B.nearly差不多；C.barely几乎不；D.obviously显然。根据后文“300 tons of plastic for recycling”可知此处是在描述收集到的垃圾大概数量，nearly表示“差不多，将近”符合语境。故选B。
34.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是我前进的动力，看到他们都很兴奋。A.going前进；B.passing通过；C.rushing猛冲；D.recording记录，根据后文“to see them all excited about it”可知，Yasa看到人们对此都积极参与，感到兴奋，有了继续前进的动力，故选A。
35.考查名词词义辨析。句意：“他们感到力不从心，而这给了他们希望，”A.confidence自信；B.responsibility责任；C.hope希望；D.respeet尊重。根据上文“They were feeling powerless,and this gives them”以及上文描述的项目所取得的成就可知，这一活动给了当地人生活下去的希望。故选C。
第二节
答案：36. peacefully 37. by 38. was accepted 39. studying 40. Armed 41. where 42. first 43. accomplishments 44. more 45. scientific
解析：36.考查副词。句意：周五晚上，他在家中平静地去世。空格处用副词 peacefully修饰动词died，故填 peacefully。
37.考查介词和固定短语。句意：里克身后留下了儿子和儿媳。由 his son and daughter-in-law可知，儿子和儿媳比里克活的时间长survive意为“比……活得久”，句子用被动语态，因此空格处是表示被动的by，故填by。
38.考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：15岁时，他被加州大学洛杉矶分校的物理学专业录取，但为了参军而推迟了学习。根据语境可知，他是被加州大学洛杉矶分校的物理学专业录取，且由at 5 years old可知，句子时态用一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，即 was/ were done，主语He是单数，因此空格处是 was accepted，故填 was accepted。
39.考查动名词。句意：15岁时，他被加州大学洛杉矶分校的物理学专业录取，但为了参军而推迟了学习。 delay doing，是固定短语，意为“推迟做某事”，因此空格处用动名词作宾语，故填 studying。
40.考查过去分词。句意：拥有控制系统博士学位的里克在美泰玩具公司Mattel Toys担任测试工程师，在那里他创造性地设计了一个音乐娃娃。分析可知，句子谓语是went，空格处是非谓语形式，由固定短语 be armed with（装备有）可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，故填 Armed。
41.考查定语从句的引导词。句意：拥有控制系统博士学位的里克在美泰玩具公司 Mattel Toys担任测试工程师，在那里他创造性地设计了一个音乐娃娃。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词 Mattel Toys是地点，因此空格处用关系副词 where，故填 where。
42.考查序数词。句意：里克后来被聘为CSUN新成立的少数民族工程项目的电气工程副教授，成为整个CSU系统中第一位黑人工程系主任。the后跟序数词，one的序数词是first，意为“第一”，故填first。
43.考查名词的复数。句意：在他的许多开创性成就中，里克负责聘请更多的女性进入CSUN的工程项目，比所有其他CSU学校的总和还要多。 breaking是形容词，修饰名词， accomplish的名词是 accomplishment，意为"成就"，前面有many，空格处用复数，故填 accomplishments。
44.考查比较级。句意：在他的许多开创性成就中，里克负责聘请更多的女性进入CSUN的工程项目，比所有其他CSUN学校的总和还要多。由后面的than可知，空格处用比较级，根据语境可知，句子表示"里克负责聘请更多的女性进入CSUN的工程项目"，空格处是“更多的”，是more，故填more。
45.考查形容词。句意：为了保持他的调查思维，里克把他的尸体捐给了加州大学洛杉矶分校用于科学研究。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词 research, science的形容词是 scientific，意为"科学的"，故填 scientific。
第三部分写作
第一节
答案：
Dear Alex,
I had just decided to be a volunteer of the upcoming school sports meet when your email reached me. I am more than willing to inform you of some relevant information.
As scheduled, the sports meet will last from December 19th to 21st in the school playground. Its volunteers' duties will involve guarding the entrance, keeping order and assisting the judges in the field. The opportunity seldom knocks twice that we can have a good time together.
So you are cordially invited to apply as a volunteer together. I'm 100% sure that we will reap unforgettable memories.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
But the Lansing family had no intention to give up.They were patient with Bethany and explained that they wanted to get to know her better and hoped she would one day be part of their family.The other girls shared their stories of coming from the foster care system,and they told her how scared they had been about meeting a new family too and how happy they were now.Soon Bethany's anxiety eased,and she agreed to go and see her new home.
Later, Bethany experienced a lot of exciting things.From many hours spent at the neighborhood pool to her first trip to the beach, Bethany now lived the life every child deserves.The Lansings celebrated Bethany's 11th birthday with a superb cruise.When Bethany returns to Helping Hand Home to visit,the first thing everyone comments on is her self-confidence.The little girl who was once afraid to make eye contact is now a secure,funny young lady who would talk your ear off.
解析：
这是一篇记叙文. Josephine 和Scott Lansing 几年来相继收养了Cloe , Josie , Annabelle 三位女孩, 并给她们提供了健康幸福的成长
环境. 因为家庭原因, Bethany 不得不接受寄养家庭, 但是她的童年经历使得她不信任任何人, 在Helping Hand Home 工作人员
的帮助下, 她的性格有了些许好转, 但是在与Lansing 一家会面时, 还是有些抵触.
1 . 段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容 "但Lansing 一家并不打算放弃. " 可知 , 第一段可描写Lansing 一家合力劝导Bethany .
②由第二段首句内容 "后来, Bethany 经历了许多激动人心的事情. " 可知, 第二段可描写Bethany 的经历和变化.
2 . 续写线索: 女孩们分享经历——Bethany 不再抗拒外出游玩——Bethany 的变化
3 . 词汇激活
行为类
①想做某事 want to do / would like to do
②看看 see / have a look at
③返回 return to / go back to
情绪类
①害怕的 scared / frightened
②幸福的 happy / blissful
[ 高分句型 1 ] They were patient with Beth any and explained that they wanted to get to know her better and hoped she would one day bepart of their family. ( 运用了that 引导的宾语从句)
[ 高分句型 2 ] When Beth any returns to Helping Hand Home to visit, the first thing everyone comments on is her self - confidence . (运用了when 引导的状语从句)
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