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2022届新高考英语考前冲刺卷 试卷二（新高考Ⅰ）
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这是一份2022届新高考英语考前冲刺卷 试卷二（新高考Ⅰ），共19页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022届新高考英语考前冲刺卷试卷二（新高考Ⅰ）
第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Look for cheap student accommodation in London? Why not start your search via our website, sign up for a free account and book it today?
Arch View House
Located next to the Wembley Stadium, it is home to 687 students. It has a range of private and shared studios, which come with their own kitchen, bathroom and living facilities. Away from your room, you’ll have access to public areas where you can relax. A fully equipped gym is available for you to use in your spare time. Prices start from ￡160 per week.
Helen Graham House
Located in the center of Bloomsbury, it is perfect for students on a budget but want to be at the heart of the city. An 8-minute walk to Birbeck and 7-minute from University of Law London, it’s not only the wonderful west of the city on your doorstep. Prices start from ￡130 per week.
The Cube Ealing
It is a student accommodation located in Zone 3. It is only a 3-minute walk from the University of West London and a 25-minute tube ride to the city center as well as the University of Westminster. Prices start from ￡150 per week.
Sunlight Apartments
With Sunlight Apartment’s perfect location, it’s not just studying that’s convenient to enjoy shops and restaurants in London. It is a small and friendly community situated in the heart of Bethnal Green, which is a desirable location for students looking to live on the surrounding districts of Brick Lane and Whitechapel. Prices start from ￡110 per week.
1.What might be an attraction of Arch View House?
A.Its quiet surroundings. B.Its convenient facilities.
C.Its central location. D.Its easy access to a library.
2.Which place is close to those who live in the Cube Ealing?
A.The University of West London. B.The University of Westminster.
C.The Wembley Stadium. D.The center of Bloomsbury.
3.Which of the following charges students least per week?
A.Arch View House. B.Helen Graham House.
C.The Cube Ealing. D.Sunlight Apartments.
B
Life is full of struggles. Sometimes, we simply want to shy away from them. But even when our minds are constantly telling us that we should call it a day, we can still keep on going. The solution is the Cookie Jar.
The Cookie Jar method was created by one of the toughest men alive, David Goggins. Goggins is a retired Navy SEAL, who has competed in more than sixty ultra-marathons triathlon.
To raise money for a non-profit organization for orphans, Goggins vowed to run Badwater 135. Badwater is the world's hardest foot race. To qualify for Badwater, one has to run 100 miles in 3 days, that is,4 marathons in one go. With zero preparation and training, Goggins decided to have a try.
For the first few miles of the race, he felt fine and had no trouble running. But at mile 50,his legs felt like they were loaded with lead. Still he ran. Then at mile 70,he couldn't take another step forward. Exhausted and feeling beaten down, he sat down to rest. He kept on asking himself, “Why? Why are you still doing this to yourself?" He then remembered this wasn't the first time he'd taken on an impossible task. And he suddenly felt some energy build up. He started walking slowly, step by step. He kept on digging in his past while remembering all his previous victories, making him get the energy he needed to keep on going. His feet were still a bloody mess, full of blisters. But it gave him just enough drive to sustain him, until the 100-mile mark. And that's what the Cookie Jar is.
We all have a cookie jar inside us. Whenever you face a challenge, whenever you want to give up, you open the cookie jar and pick a cookie. The cookie reminds you of something you've overcome and how far you've come. Eventually, you'll slowly build up your mind to be more mentally tough. Impossible, will turn into, I can do this.
4.What does the underlined phrase “call it a day” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A.Stop and give up. B.Celebrate a day. C.Name a day. D.Have a new start.
5.What can we learn about David Goggins?
A.He trained hard for Badwater 135.
B.He was informed of the Cookie Jar method.
C.He got injured halfway through the race.
D.He is a strong-minded man with public spirit.
6.According to the text, what does “the Cookie Jar” stand for?
A.The happy memory. B.The past achievement.
C.The container for cookies. D.The challenge to face.
7.What is the best title for the text?
A.Find the Cookie Jar inside Us B.How to Create Your Cookie Jar
C.Badwater, the World's Hardest Foot Race D.The Legend of a Tough Man, David Goggins
C
Most of us may not have realized that mice can show an emotional expression at all. But a group of German neurobiologists have proven mice can, in fact, express emotions.
Nadine Gogolla, a neurobiologist, and her fellow researchers carried out an experiment with emotive mice and linked five emotional states—pleasure, disgust, nausea, pain and fear—to their facial expressions.
The team stimulated mice to react in certain ways to observe how their faces changed. They found that different stimuli(刺激物) would lead to different reactions. More interestingly, not every mouse reacted the same way to the same stimulus. They also showed slight changes in their facial expressions: When they experienced pain, their noses drooped and their ears flicked down. When they felt fearful, their ears stuck up and their eyes widened.
Observations alone couldn’t determine the intensity of those emotions, though. So the neurobiologists next built descriptors for what each facial expression would look like and trained a computer to detect them within a second. This effectively “measured” the emotions.
But emotions don’t arise just in response to stimuli, the researchers noted—they originate in the brain.
So the neurobiologists took a peek inside the mice’s heads using light to activate neurons (神经元) that transmit information from the environment throughout the body to cause a mouse to react. The regions of the brain associated with emotions in humans lit up in mice, too, when a mouse’s face showed pleasure.
In the mice brains, neurons reacted with the same strength at the same time the mice “made a face.” This suggests that there are individual neurons that could be responsible for animals’ emotion, though this point requires more research.
“Being able to measure the emotion state of an animal can hopefully help us to understand how we can interfere with the activity in particular brain regions to ease man’s suffering.” Gogolla said.
8.What is the purpose of the experiment?
A.To find out how many emotional states mice have.
B.To determine the intensity of mice’s emotions.
C.To prove mice are able to express emotions.
D.To compare mice’s facial expressions with man’s.
9.Which method was adopted in doing the experiment?
A.Building descriptors to explore the mice’s heads.
B.Observing the mice’s reaction to different stimuli.
C.Training a computer to improve the intensity of the emotions.
D.Comparing the mice’s reactions with the humans’ to the same stimuli.
10.According to the study, when a mouse raises its ears and opens its eyes wide, it is probably ________.
A.disgusted B.pleased C.scared D.excited
11.In what aspect need scientists do more research?
A.Observing the changes of mice’s facial expressions.
B.Analyzing the frequency of mice making a face.
C.Activating neurons to study the mice’s emotional states.
D.Studying individual neurons responsible for animals’ emotion.
D
It’s a question that has been asked for years: Is a dishwasher or washing dishes by hand greener? Which uses less energy and water?
A few years ago, the answer was that the dishwasher was better but a very careful hand-washer could probably use about the same amount of water and less energy. However, much has changed since then. Technology combined with good design has made the dishwasher greatly better over the years, to the point where there’s hardly a question. Studies are showing that modern dishwashers can save more water than most hand-washers.
Dishwashers are even more efficient. Modern dishwashers have pre-heaters that increase the water temperature up to 140 degrees Fahrenheit to sanitize (消毒) them. The dishwasher also has a timer that lets you set it to turn on at a later time when the power rates are lower.
On the other hand, none of the studies do an analysis of what it takes in terms of energy and water to actually build the dishwasher and replace it every 10 years or so. Nor does it take into account a Swedish study that found that children in families that wash dishes by hand are less likely to develop fever probably due to the “hygiene hypothesis (卫生假说)”, which says the reason why kids fall ill is that their surroundings are actually too clean. If you’re not willing to fill up the sinks, the researchers point out that maybe the dishwasher is one labor-saving machine that does a better job than you can especially if you value your time. The researchers write, “When a user’s time spent washing dishes is valued, machine dishwashers pay for themselves within a year of use.”
12.Why does the author raise two questions in the first paragraph?
A.To express the author’s doubts.
B.To introduce the topic.
C.To show different ways to wash dishes.
D.To compare various ideas about dishwashers.
13.What is the advantage of the dishwasher?
A.It is more environment-friendly.
B.It takes less time to wash the dishes.
C.It uses less water to wash the dishes.
D.It needs less hot water to sanitize the dishes.
14.What does the Swedish study find out about dishwashers?
A.Their effect on kids’ health.
B.Their effect on water and energy saving.
C.Their help in keeping the environment healthy.
D.Their help in improving kids’ health condition.
15.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A.The Advantage Of The Dishwasher
B.How Dishwashers Benefit Our Lives
C.The New Technology For Washing Dishes
D.How To Choose A Proper Way To Do The Dishes
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Reading is essential but how can one choose the right books to read and where can one find them? A few famous people may give you some helpful tips.
Read books from past eras.
___16__ Otherwise, you'd be "completely dependent on the prejudices and fashions of your times, "just as Alert Einstein put it." Somebody who reads only newspapers and books of contemporary authors looks to me like an extremely near-sighted person who dislikes eyeglasses, "he said.
___17__
Reading too wide a variety in too short a time would keep the teachings from leaving a lasting impression on you. Seneca the Younger, a first-century Roman philosopher, suggested that "you must linger (流连) among a limited number of master thinkers, and digest their works, if you would obtain ideas which shall win firm hold in your mind.'
Shop at secondhand bookstores.
Virginia Woolf believed the works in secondhand bookstores have an attraction which the usual volumes of the library lack. Browsing through these hooks gives you the chance to run into something that wouldn't have risen to the attention of librarians and booksellers. ___18__
Check out authors' reading lists.
In his 1940 guide How to Read a Book, American philosopher Mortimer J. Adler talked about low to choose books. He attached importance to those that other authors consider worth reading.
___19__ Mortimer wrote that "one way to understand them is to read the books they read."
Make the final decision by yourself.
___20__ It's you yourself who should choose what, how and when to read. Theodore Roosevelt recommended choosing books on subjects that interest you and letting your mood guide you to your next great read.
A. Interest is the best teacher.
B. Great authors are great readers.
C. Leave some room for older works.
D. Learn more about those great authors.
E. Don't jump too quickly from book to book.
F. There's no "best books" list that everyone should follow.
G. Usually they are much more selective in organizing their collections than secondhand book owners.
第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The hot summer sun beamed down on my back as I panned for gold. It was 1996 and my first trip to gold country, the town of Sofala in New South Wales.
I sloshed(搅动) the water round and round, as the old-time miner had 21 , looking for the unmistakable shine of gold in the bottom of the pan.
22 , a breeze caught my straw hat, 23 it from ray head and blowing it into the water where it tumbled(翻滚) and tumbled, twisting downstream.
“My hat!” I cried. “My HAT!”
My 24 collie, Cobber, was standing on the side of the bank. His ears pricked up when he heard me call out. He turned around to see my 25 and watched the crazy hat 26 down the bubbling stream.
Down the bank side he ran, 27 madly at the hat to stop. Then he 28 deep into the water, paddled out quickly towards the hat, his long coat flowing behind him. The stream took the hat one way, he followed. Then it took it another way, and he followed again. Finally, he 29 the hat with his long pointy snout(口鼻部)as I watched on in 30 .
He climbed out and 31 himself off vigorously. Then he ran back to me, all wet, and dropped the hat at my feet.
It was more than a game. I knew that he knew he’d done a good thing 32 he proudly watched on from where he sat. It might be a small thing but the 33 is forever imprinted on my memory.
I am 34 to say that my hat flew off another two times and each time Cobber regained it for me.
All in all, the day was a(n) 35 one—and I did find a few specks of gold!
21.A.instructed B.requested C.concluded D.assessed
22.A.Originally B.Precisely C.Abruptly D.Hopefully
23.A.swapping B.squeezing C.suspending D.sweeping
24.A.cold-hearted B.short-sighted C.long-haired D.short-haired
25.A.dilemma B.agenda C.delight D.potential
26.A.sinking B.passing C.trapping D.racing
27.A.barking B.looking C.shooting D.laughing
28.A.viewed B.dived C.threw D.broke
29.A.grasped B.damaged C.followed D.wiped
30.A.experiment B.entertainment C.argument D.amazement
31.A.turned B.put C.shook D.finished
32.A.even if B.as if C.in case D.in that
33.A.sigh B.image C.imagination D.illustration
34.A.prepared B.embarrassed C.convinced D.frightened
35.A.tentative B.tough C.eventful D.authentic
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In recent years, with the rapid development of China’s economic and social construction, the development of education has reached a new level, but the regional education inequity ___36__ (attract) people’s attention ever since.
In my opinion, there are three reasons __37___ this phenomenon. The first is the unfair investment. The investment in urban schools is much more than___38__ in rural schools. The second is the inequality of educational resources. Some schools have advanced facilities, ___39__ (provide) their students with a good learning environment.__40___, some schools only have basic ones. Finally, inequality is also reflected in the allocation(分配) of teachers. The teaching___41__ (able) of teachers in developed areas is__42___ (general) better, while most of the teachers in less developed areas are supporting teachers or substitute teachers.
So how to solve this problem? Firstly,___43__ (increase) investment in education to narrow regional differences. Secondly, the allocation of resources should be reformed, and the compulsory education should be allocated as__44___ whole. Finally, experienced or highly__45___ (educate) teachers are encouraged to teach in remote areas.
第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你校准备举办以“Chinese Youth of the New Era”为主题的英文演讲活动。请写一篇英文演讲稿，简要谈谈新时代青年应具备的品格（至少两条）。
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯：
3.开头语已为你写好，不计入总字数。
Dear fellow students,
I am Li Hua from Class 7 Grade 3._____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The first time I saw Awol was on my doorstep in December 2016. He was super-cute, with black ears, a little white stripe and a soft white belly. I would give him a tickle (挠痒) behind the ear and he would rub around my legs to say hello. I had no idea where he came from.
I work shifts for a railway line and even if I got back late he would be waiting. As soon as I pulled into my street, he would follow my car, walk up the drive and roll over, wanting his belly tickled. I never fed him and had no intention of taking him in. I had never been a cat person. I always had dogs.
It was my friend who named him Awol. He wasn't microchipped, so we gave him paper collars and put up posters, but no one got in touch.
He visited my house every day for three months. Every time I shut the door I could see him through the glass, staring up at me; he would meow for ages, trying to come in. It was heartbreaking. So, in March 2017, I decided to take him in.
I was slightly worried at first, because I had a parrot called Shitehawk that I had had for 15 years. To my surprise, they got on fine, Awol was nervous initially, wandering around sniffing everything. The next minute, he was zooming around the house.
I have a three-bedroom house and live alone, so I gave him free space to move around. He picked the spare room, but after a few weeks he began to sleep in my bet. He often purred (呼噜呼噜叫) like a motor running, pressing his feet, one after another, into my belly.
I adopted Awol around the time my grandmother, 80, Who was my best friend, went into hospital.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One day after work, my mother told me to drive straight to the hospital. __________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Awol rushed downstairs, trying to comfort me. _____________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.D
解析：1.细节理解题。根据Arch View House的第二句"It has a range of private and shared studios,which come with their own kitchen, bathroom and living facilities.(它有一系列私人和共享的工作室,配有自己的厨房、浴室和生活设施)"可知,Arch View House向租房的学生提供了便利的生活设施。故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据The Cube Ealing的第二句"It is only a 3-minute walk from the University of West London(离西伦敦大学只有3分钟的步行路程)"可知,那些住在伊灵魔方的人靠近The University of West London.。故选A项。
3.细节理解题。对比所介绍的四个公寓价格, Arch View House价格为"Prices start from ￡160 per week(价格从每周160英镑起)"；Helen Graham House价格为"Prices start from ￡130 per week(价格从每周l30英镑起)"；The Cube Ealing价格为"Prices start from ￡150 per week.(价格从每周150英镑起"；Sunlight Apartments价格为"Prices start from￡110 per week.(价格从每周110英镑起)"；可知Sunlight Apartments的住宿费用￡110 per week是最低的。故选D项。
B
答案：4.A; 5.D; 6.B; 7.A
解析：4.词句猜测题。根据前句"Life is full of struggles. Sometimes, we simply want to shy away from them.”(生活充满了斗争。有时候,我们只是想躲开他们。)躲开生活中的斗争就意味着放弃,可推知,此处“call it a day"意指暂停下来或者放弃。故选A项。
5.推理判断题。根据第三段“To raise money for a non-profit organization for orphans,Goggins vowed to run Badwater 1.35.”(为了给个为孤儿设立的非营利组织筹集资金,戈金斯发誓要跑完Badwater 135。)以及“With zero preparation and training,Goggins decided to have a try.”(没有任何准备和训练,戈金斯决定试一试。)可知,Goggins是一个意志坚定且有爱心的人。故选D项。
6.推理判断题。根据第四段"He kept on digging in his past while remembering all his previous victories, making him get the energy he needed to keep on going. His feet were still a bloody mess,full of blisters.But it gave him just enough drive to sustain him,until the 100-mile mark,And that's what the Cookie Jar is.”(他不断挖掘他的过去,同时回忆起他以前的所有胜利,这使他获得继续前进所需的能量。他的脚还是一团血污,满是水泡。但这给了他足够的动力,让他坚持到100英里。这就是饼干罐。)可知,Goggins在跑步中遇到困难,感觉到坚持不了的时候,想起了以往的胜利,便又充满了能量,所以此处“Cookie Jar"指代的是Goggins过往的成功和胜利。故选B项。
7.主旨大意题。根据最后一段“We all have a cookie jar inside us. Whenever you face a challenge, whenever you want to give up,you open the cookie jar and pick a cookie. The cookie reminds you of something you've overcome and how far you've come. Eventually, you'll slowly build up your mind to be more mentally tough.”(我们的内心都有一个饼干罐。每当你面临挑战时,每当你想放弃时,你就打开饼干罐,拿一块饼干。饼干会提醒你,你已经克服了那么多,你已经走了这么远。最终,你会慢慢地让自己变得更坚强。)以及本文通过Goggins的故事,说明了“cookie jar的重要性,即面对挑战和困难时,我们都要找到内心的cookie jar"。故选A项。
C
答案：8.C; 9.B; 10.C; 11.D
解析：8.推理判断题。根据第三段"The team stimulated mice to react in certain ways to observe how their faces changed.”(这队人用特定的方式刺激老鼠,让它们做出反应,并观察它们的表情是如何变化的。)可知,这个实验的目的是要证明老鼠受刺激时会有表情变化。故选C。
9.推理判断题。根据第三段"They found that different stimuli(刺激物) would lead to different reactions.”(他们发现不同的刺激物会导致不同的反应。)可知,观察老鼠对不同刺激物的反应这个方法在实验中被应用了。故选B。
10.细节理解题。根据第三段“When they felt fearful,their ears stuck up and their eyes widened.”(当它们感到害怕时,它们的耳朵会竖起来,眼睛会睁得很大。)可知,当老鼠们的耳朵竖起来,眼睛睁得很大的时候,说明它们感到害怕。故选C。
11.细节理解题。根据第七段“This suggests that there are individual neurons that could be responsible for animals'Being,though this point requires more research.”(这表明有个别的神经元可能会对动物的生存负责,然而,这个观点还需要更多的研究。)可知,个别的神经元可能会对动物的情绪负责这个观点还需要更多的研究。故选D。
D
答案：12.B; 13.B; 14.A; 15.B
解析：12.写作意图题。通读第二段可知，该段介绍了随着科技的发展，现代洗碗机洗碗比大部分人用手洗碗更加省水。第一段的两个问题引出了比较对象；由此可推知，作者在第一段提出这两个问题是为了引出文章的话题。
13.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Studies are showing that modem dishwashers can save more water than most hand washers"可知，现代洗碗机洗碗比大部分人用手洗碗更加省水。
14.推理判断题。根据题干中的"the Swedish study"可以定位至第四段中的"children in families that wash dishes by hand are less likely to develop fever...actually too clean"，由此可知，用手洗碗的家庭的孩子发烧的可能性更低，因为环境太干净也会让孩子生病，也就是说这项研究的发现是有关洗碗机对孩子健康的影响的。
15.标题归纳题。文章第一段利用两个问题引出话题：用洗碗机还是用手洗碗更环保；第二、三段分析了用洗碗机洗碗的好处，如省水、高效等；第四段提到了用洗碗机洗碗的弊端，如可能会导致孩子生病，最后通过研究人员的话得出结论：如果用户花在洗碗上的时间是有价值的，洗碗机在使用一年内就能收回成本，故B项"如何选择合适的洗碗方式"为最佳标题。
第二节
答案：16-20 CEGBF
解析：16.根据上文“Read books from past eras.(阅读过去时代的书籍)”以及下文“Otherwise, you'd be“completely dependent on the prejudicesand fashions of your times”(否则，你就会“完全依赖于你那个时代的偏见和时尚”）”和“Somebody who reads only newspapers andbooks of contemporary authors looks to me like an extremely near-sighted person who dislikes eyeglasses(在我看来，—个只看当代作家的报纸和书籍的人就像一个极度近视，却不喜欢戴眼镜的人）”可推知，此处建议读者阅读过去的书，阐明了只看当代作家的作品会有局限性。C项“Leave some room for older works.(为老作品留出一些空间）”承上启下，符合文意。故选C项。
17.下文“Reading too wide a variety in too short a time would keep the teachings from leaving a lasting impression on you.(在太短的时间内读太多的书，会使你无法对这些教海留下持久的印象）”指出，在太短的时间内读太多的书就会消化不了其中的知识，不能留下深刻印象，E项“Don't jump too quickly from book to book.(读完一本书后不要太快地去读另一本)”引出下文，为短文的小标题。故选E项。
18.根据上文“Shop at secondhand bookstores.(在二手书店购物)”以及"Browsing through these books gives you the chance to run intosomething that wouldn't have risen to the attention of librarians and booksellers.(浏览这些书让你有机会看到一些不会引起图书管理员和书商注意的书籍) "可推知，作者建议读者去二手书店买书，他认为在或许可以找到图书馆和二手书商没有的书。G项“Usually they are much more selective in organizing their collections than secondhand bookowners.(通常情况下, 他们在整理藏书时比二手书商更有选择性)”承接上文，进一步说明了作者建议读者去二手书店买书的原因，符合文意。故选G项。
19.通过上文“Check out authors' reading lists.(意看作者的阅读清单)”以及“He attached importance to those that other authors considerworth reading.(他重视其他作者认为值得读的那些作品)”以及下文“one way to understand them is to read the books they read (理解他们的一种方式是阅读他们读过的书)”可推知，此处建议读者在选择书籍时可以借鉴书籍作者的阅读清单，阅读他们读过的书，B项“Great authors are great readers.(好的作家也是好的读者)”承上启下，符合文意。故选B项。
20.根据上文“Make the final decision by yourself.(自己做最后的决定)”以及下文“It's you yourself who should choose what,how andwhen to read.(阅读内容、阅读方式和阅读时间应由你自己选择)”可推知，想要读什么书，要读多长时间等细节都应该由自己决定。F项“There's no'best books' list that everyone should follow.（没有人人都应该遵循的“最佳书箱”清单）”承上启下，符合文意。故选F项。
第二部分语言知识运用
第一节
答案：21.A; 22.C; 23.D; 24.C; 25.A; 26.D; 27.A; 28.B; 29.A; 30.D; 31.C; 32.D; 33.B; 34.B; 35.C
解析：21.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我来回地搅动水,按照从前的矿工指导的那样。A. instructed指导,指示;B. requested要求;C. concluded总结;D. assessed评估。根据文章讲述作者淘金的描写可知,此处表示按照前辈的指示搅动水,寻找金子,故选A。
22.考查副词词义辨析。句意:突然,一阵风吹来,将我的草帽从头上吹走,吹到了水里,帽子在水里翻来翻去,跟着水往下游流。A. Originally原来;B. Precisely恰好,正是;C. Abruptly突然;D. Hopefully有希望地。此处表示作者正在搅水找金子,一阵风将帽子吹走了,发生得很突然,故选C。
23.考查动词词义辨析。突然,一阵风吹来,将我的草帽从头上吹走,吹到了水里,帽子在水里翻来翻去,跟着水往下游流。A. swapping交换,代替;B. squeezing挤,榨;C. suspending暂停,中止;D. sweeping(风)横扫,卷走。根据前文“a breeze caught my straw hat”可知,此处表示风将帽子吹走,故选D。
24.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我的长毛牧羊犬Cobber,站在岸边。A. cold-hearted无情的;B. short-sighted目光短浅的;C. long-haired长头发的;D. short-haired短头发的。根据后文“his long coat flowing behind him.(它的长毛在身后摇来摇去)”可知,Cobber长着长长的毛发,故选C。
25.考查名词辨析。句意:它转过头来看到了我的困境,看着帽子跟着小溪涓涓往下流。A. dilemma(进退两难的)困境;B. agenda议程;C. delight高兴;D. potential潜力,潜能。根据前文作者站在河边,在水里找金子,风将帽子吹到了河里可知,此处表示牧羊犬转过头来看到了我想跑下水去捡帽子但又不敢下水的困境,故选A。
26.考查动词词义辨析。句意:它转过头来看到了我的困境,看着帽子跟着小溪涓涓往下流。A. sinking下沉;B. passing经过;C. trapping困人,陷入;D. racing全速行进。根据后文“down the bubbling stream(沿着涓涓的小溪)”可知,此处表示帽子跟着水快速地往下游流,故选D。
27.考查动词词义辨析。句意:它跑向岸边,对着帽子大声叫,想让帽子停下来。A. barking(狗)吠叫,叫;B. looking看着;C. shooting射击;D. laughing嘲笑。根据前文“Down the bank side he ran(它从岸边跑下)”可推知,此处表示狗边跑边对着帽子大声叫,故选A。
28.考查动词词义辨析。句意:然后它迅速跳入水中,划向帽子。A. viewed看待;B. dived跳,俯冲;C. threw扔;D. broke打破,打碎。根据后文“paddled out”可知,此处表示狗跳入水中,故选B。
29.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我惊讶地看着它,最终它用它的长嘴抓住了帽子。A. grasped抓牢,紧握;B. damaged损坏;C. followed跟随;D. wiped擦拭。根据下文“with his long pointy snout(用它的长嘴)”可知,此处表示狗用嘴衔住了帽子,故选A。
30.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我惊讶地看着它,最终它用它的长嘴抓住了帽子。A. experiment实验;B. entertainment娱乐,乐趣;C. argument争论;D. amazement惊讶。根据前文作者帽子掉入了河流中,看着越流越远的帽子,作者束手无策,此时狗帮他追了回来,狗的这一行为让他看到很惊讶,故选D。
31.考查动词词义辨析。句意:它从水中爬出来,使劲儿地将身上的水摇下来。A. turned旋转,转身;B. put放;C. shook摇晃;D. finished完成。根据前文“He climbed out”可知,狗从水上出来后,摇摆身体,将身上的水摇下来,故选C。
32.考查连词词义辨析。句意:我懂得,它知道它自己干了一件好事,因为它正骄傲地站在那里看着。A. even if即使;B. as if好像;C. in case以防;D. in that因为,由于。根据后文“he proudly watched on”可知,此处它骄傲的坐在那里与前文它知道自己干了好事成因果关系,故选D。
33.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这可能是一件小事,却永远印在我的记忆里。A. sigh叹气;B. image印象,形象;C. imagination想象力;D. illustration插图。根据空后“imprinted on my memory”可知,此处表我对这件事的印象会永远印在记忆力,故选B。
34.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我很不好意思的说,在之后,我的帽子又掉了两次,Cobber两次都帮我捡回来了。A. prepare准备好的;B. embarrassed尴尬的;C. convinced相信的,信服的;D. frightened害怕的。根据后文“my hat flew off another two times and each time Cobber regained it for me”可知,作者的帽子又掉了两次,都是Cobber帮他捡回来,这件事让作者感到很尴尬,很不好意思,故选B。
35.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:总的来说,今天的确是重要的一天——因为我真的找到了几颗黄金。A. tentative试探性的,犹豫不决的;B. tough艰难的;C. eventful多事件的,重要的;D. authentic真实的,原作的。根据前文作者帽子掉水里了,狗帮他追了回来以及后文作者真的找到了几颗黄金可知,今天对于作者来说是重要的一天,故选C。
第二节
答案：36. has attracted37. for38. that39. providing40. However41. ability42. generally43. increase44. a45. educated
解析：36.考查动词。句意：近年来，随着我国经济和社会建设的快速发展，教育发展迈上了一个新的台阶，但区域教育不公平问题却引起了人们的广泛关注。ever since是现在完成时时态标志，but后句子的主语是inequality为单数。故填has attracted。
37.考查介词。句意：在我看来，造成这种现象的原因有三个。固定搭配reason for sth：……的原因。故填for。
38.考查代词。句意：对城市学校的投资远远超过对农村学校的投资。此句把城市学校投资与农村学校投资作对比，investment一词前文出现过，此处可用指示代词that指代同类不同物的事物，避免重复。故填that。
39.考查动词。句意：一些学校拥有先进的设施，为学生提供良好的学习环境。句子主干是Some schools have advanced facilities已有谓语，provide用非谓语动词，且provide与some schools之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填providing。
40.考查副词，句意：但是，有些学校只有基本的设施。上句说一些学校拥有先进的设施，本句说一些学校设施差，前后句存在转折关系。且有逗号和后文整个句子分开，用副词，故填However。
41.考查名词。句意：发达地区教师的教学能力普遍较好，而欠发达地区的教师大多是辅助教师或代课教师。该空作句子主语，用名词，且ability表抽象意义，不可数。故填ability。
42.考查副词。句意：发达地区教师的教学能力普遍较好，而欠发达地区的教师大多是辅助教师或代课教师。此处用副词修饰形容词better. 故填generally。
43.考查动词，句意：一是加大教育投入，缩小地区差异。这个句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故填increase。
44.考查冠词。句意：二是改革资源配置，统筹分配义务教育。固定搭配as a whole：全局地、总体上。故填a。
45.考查形容词。句意：最后，鼓励有经验或受过高等教育的教师到偏远地区任教。该空修饰名词teachers，用形容词。故填educated。
第三部分写作
第一节
答案：
Dear fellow students,
I am Li Hua from Class 7 Grade 3. It's my great honor to deliver a speech entitled Chinese youth of the new era. In my view, the Chinese youth should be possessed of the following qualities.
First of all, nobody can achieve anything without big dreams. Dreams, like lighthouses, point out our way forward. Additionally, everyone should shoulder their due responsibilities. A strong sense of responsibility is what it takes to do everything well. As President Xi puts it, only if the younger generations have dreams and a strong sense of responsibility will a nation be full of hope and a country have a brilliant future.
That's all. Thanks for listening.
第二节
答案：
One day, after work, my mother told me to drive straight to the hospital. I knew it wasn't good. When I got there, she was in the emergency room with my mum and granddad. I held her hand, saying “Grandma, I've got a cat.” I didn't know if she had heard me, but I thought she would have liked Awol. She passed away that night. I got home and collapsed on the floor with grief. I was so upset I could barely breathe.
Awol rushed downstairs, trying to comfort me. He threw himself on me with such force that it almost stopped my tears. Then he lay on my belly, purring his head off and offering his paw. It was as if he knew what had happened. In the following days, every time I got home from work, Awol would be sitting in the window, watching out for me. He was like my little guardian angel, who gave me a reason to get up, to smile and to go on.
解析：
这是一篇读后续写。文章以猫为线索展开,讲述作者在2016年遇到了一只小猫,却没能帮它找到主人。但这只猫天天跟着作者,因此2017年3月作者收留了它。一开始猫有点紧张,但和家里的其他动物都相处得很融洽,慢慢地它和作者熟络起来,常常到作者的床上睡觉。收留小猫后不久,作者的祖母生病住院了。
1.段落续写
①根据第一段首句内容“一天下班后,妈妈告诉我直接开车去医院”可知,下文可描写作者到医院后发生的事情,以及祖母的去世。
②根据第二段首句内容“Awol冲下楼,试图安慰我"可知,下文可描写在Awol的陪伴和安慰下,作者渐渐走出了阴霾。
2.续写线索:去医院一一祖母病重一一提出让Awol陪伴祖母一一祖母当晚去世一一Awol跑下楼一一Awol给作者陪伴和安慰一一Awol成为作者的精神支柱
3.词类激活行为类
①到达:get/arrive
②喜欢:like/love/be keen on
③认为:think/believe
情绪类
①悲伤:sorrow/grief
②伤心的:upset/sad
【高分句型1】When I got there, she was in the emergency room with my mum and granddad.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】I didn't know if she had heard me,but I thought she would have liked Awol.(运用了if引导宾语从句)
【高分句型3】In the following days,every time I got home from work, Awol would be sitting in the window, watching out for me.(运用了every time引导时间状语从句和现在分词作状语)
2022届新高考英语考前冲刺卷试卷二（新高考Ⅰ）
第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
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1.What might be an attraction of Arch View House?
A.Its quiet surroundings. B.Its convenient facilities.
C.Its central location. D.Its easy access to a library.
2.Which place is close to those who live in the Cube Ealing?
A.The University of West London. B.The University of Westminster.
C.The Wembley Stadium. D.The center of Bloomsbury.
3.Which of the following charges students least per week?
A.Arch View House. B.Helen Graham House.
C.The Cube Ealing. D.Sunlight Apartments.
B
Life is full of struggles. Sometimes, we simply want to shy away from them. But even when our minds are constantly telling us that we should call it a day, we can still keep on going. The solution is the Cookie Jar.
The Cookie Jar method was created by one of the toughest men alive, David Goggins. Goggins is a retired Navy SEAL, who has competed in more than sixty ultra-marathons triathlon.
To raise money for a non-profit organization for orphans, Goggins vowed to run Badwater 135. Badwater is the world's hardest foot race. To qualify for Badwater, one has to run 100 miles in 3 days, that is,4 marathons in one go. With zero preparation and training, Goggins decided to have a try.
For the first few miles of the race, he felt fine and had no trouble running. But at mile 50,his legs felt like they were loaded with lead. Still he ran. Then at mile 70,he couldn't take another step forward. Exhausted and feeling beaten down, he sat down to rest. He kept on asking himself, “Why? Why are you still doing this to yourself?" He then remembered this wasn't the first time he'd taken on an impossible task. And he suddenly felt some energy build up. He started walking slowly, step by step. He kept on digging in his past while remembering all his previous victories, making him get the energy he needed to keep on going. His feet were still a bloody mess, full of blisters. But it gave him just enough drive to sustain him, until the 100-mile mark. And that's what the Cookie Jar is.
We all have a cookie jar inside us. Whenever you face a challenge, whenever you want to give up, you open the cookie jar and pick a cookie. The cookie reminds you of something you've overcome and how far you've come. Eventually, you'll slowly build up your mind to be more mentally tough. Impossible, will turn into, I can do this.
4.What does the underlined phrase “call it a day” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A.Stop and give up. B.Celebrate a day. C.Name a day. D.Have a new start.
5.What can we learn about David Goggins?
A.He trained hard for Badwater 135.
B.He was informed of the Cookie Jar method.
C.He got injured halfway through the race.
D.He is a strong-minded man with public spirit.
6.According to the text, what does “the Cookie Jar” stand for?
A.The happy memory. B.The past achievement.
C.The container for cookies. D.The challenge to face.
7.What is the best title for the text?
A.Find the Cookie Jar inside Us B.How to Create Your Cookie Jar
C.Badwater, the World's Hardest Foot Race D.The Legend of a Tough Man, David Goggins
C
Most of us may not have realized that mice can show an emotional expression at all. But a group of German neurobiologists have proven mice can, in fact, express emotions.
Nadine Gogolla, a neurobiologist, and her fellow researchers carried out an experiment with emotive mice and linked five emotional states—pleasure, disgust, nausea, pain and fear—to their facial expressions.
The team stimulated mice to react in certain ways to observe how their faces changed. They found that different stimuli(刺激物) would lead to different reactions. More interestingly, not every mouse reacted the same way to the same stimulus. They also showed slight changes in their facial expressions: When they experienced pain, their noses drooped and their ears flicked down. When they felt fearful, their ears stuck up and their eyes widened.
Observations alone couldn’t determine the intensity of those emotions, though. So the neurobiologists next built descriptors for what each facial expression would look like and trained a computer to detect them within a second. This effectively “measured” the emotions.
But emotions don’t arise just in response to stimuli, the researchers noted—they originate in the brain.
So the neurobiologists took a peek inside the mice’s heads using light to activate neurons (神经元) that transmit information from the environment throughout the body to cause a mouse to react. The regions of the brain associated with emotions in humans lit up in mice, too, when a mouse’s face showed pleasure.
In the mice brains, neurons reacted with the same strength at the same time the mice “made a face.” This suggests that there are individual neurons that could be responsible for animals’ emotion, though this point requires more research.
“Being able to measure the emotion state of an animal can hopefully help us to understand how we can interfere with the activity in particular brain regions to ease man’s suffering.” Gogolla said.
8.What is the purpose of the experiment?
A.To find out how many emotional states mice have.
B.To determine the intensity of mice’s emotions.
C.To prove mice are able to express emotions.
D.To compare mice’s facial expressions with man’s.
9.Which method was adopted in doing the experiment?
A.Building descriptors to explore the mice’s heads.
B.Observing the mice’s reaction to different stimuli.
C.Training a computer to improve the intensity of the emotions.
D.Comparing the mice’s reactions with the humans’ to the same stimuli.
10.According to the study, when a mouse raises its ears and opens its eyes wide, it is probably ________.
A.disgusted B.pleased C.scared D.excited
11.In what aspect need scientists do more research?
A.Observing the changes of mice’s facial expressions.
B.Analyzing the frequency of mice making a face.
C.Activating neurons to study the mice’s emotional states.
D.Studying individual neurons responsible for animals’ emotion.
D
It’s a question that has been asked for years: Is a dishwasher or washing dishes by hand greener? Which uses less energy and water?
A few years ago, the answer was that the dishwasher was better but a very careful hand-washer could probably use about the same amount of water and less energy. However, much has changed since then. Technology combined with good design has made the dishwasher greatly better over the years, to the point where there’s hardly a question. Studies are showing that modern dishwashers can save more water than most hand-washers.
Dishwashers are even more efficient. Modern dishwashers have pre-heaters that increase the water temperature up to 140 degrees Fahrenheit to sanitize (消毒) them. The dishwasher also has a timer that lets you set it to turn on at a later time when the power rates are lower.
On the other hand, none of the studies do an analysis of what it takes in terms of energy and water to actually build the dishwasher and replace it every 10 years or so. Nor does it take into account a Swedish study that found that children in families that wash dishes by hand are less likely to develop fever probably due to the “hygiene hypothesis (卫生假说)”, which says the reason why kids fall ill is that their surroundings are actually too clean. If you’re not willing to fill up the sinks, the researchers point out that maybe the dishwasher is one labor-saving machine that does a better job than you can especially if you value your time. The researchers write, “When a user’s time spent washing dishes is valued, machine dishwashers pay for themselves within a year of use.”
12.Why does the author raise two questions in the first paragraph?
A.To express the author’s doubts.
B.To introduce the topic.
C.To show different ways to wash dishes.
D.To compare various ideas about dishwashers.
13.What is the advantage of the dishwasher?
A.It is more environment-friendly.
B.It takes less time to wash the dishes.
C.It uses less water to wash the dishes.
D.It needs less hot water to sanitize the dishes.
14.What does the Swedish study find out about dishwashers?
A.Their effect on kids’ health.
B.Their effect on water and energy saving.
C.Their help in keeping the environment healthy.
D.Their help in improving kids’ health condition.
15.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A.The Advantage Of The Dishwasher
B.How Dishwashers Benefit Our Lives
C.The New Technology For Washing Dishes
D.How To Choose A Proper Way To Do The Dishes
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Reading is essential but how can one choose the right books to read and where can one find them? A few famous people may give you some helpful tips.
Read books from past eras.
___16__ Otherwise, you'd be "completely dependent on the prejudices and fashions of your times, "just as Alert Einstein put it." Somebody who reads only newspapers and books of contemporary authors looks to me like an extremely near-sighted person who dislikes eyeglasses, "he said.
___17__
Reading too wide a variety in too short a time would keep the teachings from leaving a lasting impression on you. Seneca the Younger, a first-century Roman philosopher, suggested that "you must linger (流连) among a limited number of master thinkers, and digest their works, if you would obtain ideas which shall win firm hold in your mind.'
Shop at secondhand bookstores.
Virginia Woolf believed the works in secondhand bookstores have an attraction which the usual volumes of the library lack. Browsing through these hooks gives you the chance to run into something that wouldn't have risen to the attention of librarians and booksellers. ___18__
Check out authors' reading lists.
In his 1940 guide How to Read a Book, American philosopher Mortimer J. Adler talked about low to choose books. He attached importance to those that other authors consider worth reading.
___19__ Mortimer wrote that "one way to understand them is to read the books they read."
Make the final decision by yourself.
___20__ It's you yourself who should choose what, how and when to read. Theodore Roosevelt recommended choosing books on subjects that interest you and letting your mood guide you to your next great read.
A. Interest is the best teacher.
B. Great authors are great readers.
C. Leave some room for older works.
D. Learn more about those great authors.
E. Don't jump too quickly from book to book.
F. There's no "best books" list that everyone should follow.
G. Usually they are much more selective in organizing their collections than secondhand book owners.
第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The hot summer sun beamed down on my back as I panned for gold. It was 1996 and my first trip to gold country, the town of Sofala in New South Wales.
I sloshed(搅动) the water round and round, as the old-time miner had 21 , looking for the unmistakable shine of gold in the bottom of the pan.
22 , a breeze caught my straw hat, 23 it from ray head and blowing it into the water where it tumbled(翻滚) and tumbled, twisting downstream.
“My hat!” I cried. “My HAT!”
My 24 collie, Cobber, was standing on the side of the bank. His ears pricked up when he heard me call out. He turned around to see my 25 and watched the crazy hat 26 down the bubbling stream.
Down the bank side he ran, 27 madly at the hat to stop. Then he 28 deep into the water, paddled out quickly towards the hat, his long coat flowing behind him. The stream took the hat one way, he followed. Then it took it another way, and he followed again. Finally, he 29 the hat with his long pointy snout(口鼻部)as I watched on in 30 .
He climbed out and 31 himself off vigorously. Then he ran back to me, all wet, and dropped the hat at my feet.
It was more than a game. I knew that he knew he’d done a good thing 32 he proudly watched on from where he sat. It might be a small thing but the 33 is forever imprinted on my memory.
I am 34 to say that my hat flew off another two times and each time Cobber regained it for me.
All in all, the day was a(n) 35 one—and I did find a few specks of gold!
21.A.instructed B.requested C.concluded D.assessed
22.A.Originally B.Precisely C.Abruptly D.Hopefully
23.A.swapping B.squeezing C.suspending D.sweeping
24.A.cold-hearted B.short-sighted C.long-haired D.short-haired
25.A.dilemma B.agenda C.delight D.potential
26.A.sinking B.passing C.trapping D.racing
27.A.barking B.looking C.shooting D.laughing
28.A.viewed B.dived C.threw D.broke
29.A.grasped B.damaged C.followed D.wiped
30.A.experiment B.entertainment C.argument D.amazement
31.A.turned B.put C.shook D.finished
32.A.even if B.as if C.in case D.in that
33.A.sigh B.image C.imagination D.illustration
34.A.prepared B.embarrassed C.convinced D.frightened
35.A.tentative B.tough C.eventful D.authentic
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In recent years, with the rapid development of China’s economic and social construction, the development of education has reached a new level, but the regional education inequity ___36__ (attract) people’s attention ever since.
In my opinion, there are three reasons __37___ this phenomenon. The first is the unfair investment. The investment in urban schools is much more than___38__ in rural schools. The second is the inequality of educational resources. Some schools have advanced facilities, ___39__ (provide) their students with a good learning environment.__40___, some schools only have basic ones. Finally, inequality is also reflected in the allocation(分配) of teachers. The teaching___41__ (able) of teachers in developed areas is__42___ (general) better, while most of the teachers in less developed areas are supporting teachers or substitute teachers.
So how to solve this problem? Firstly,___43__ (increase) investment in education to narrow regional differences. Secondly, the allocation of resources should be reformed, and the compulsory education should be allocated as__44___ whole. Finally, experienced or highly__45___ (educate) teachers are encouraged to teach in remote areas.
第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你校准备举办以“Chinese Youth of the New Era”为主题的英文演讲活动。请写一篇英文演讲稿，简要谈谈新时代青年应具备的品格（至少两条）。
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯：
3.开头语已为你写好，不计入总字数。
Dear fellow students,
I am Li Hua from Class 7 Grade 3._____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The first time I saw Awol was on my doorstep in December 2016. He was super-cute, with black ears, a little white stripe and a soft white belly. I would give him a tickle (挠痒) behind the ear and he would rub around my legs to say hello. I had no idea where he came from.
I work shifts for a railway line and even if I got back late he would be waiting. As soon as I pulled into my street, he would follow my car, walk up the drive and roll over, wanting his belly tickled. I never fed him and had no intention of taking him in. I had never been a cat person. I always had dogs.
It was my friend who named him Awol. He wasn't microchipped, so we gave him paper collars and put up posters, but no one got in touch.
He visited my house every day for three months. Every time I shut the door I could see him through the glass, staring up at me; he would meow for ages, trying to come in. It was heartbreaking. So, in March 2017, I decided to take him in.
I was slightly worried at first, because I had a parrot called Shitehawk that I had had for 15 years. To my surprise, they got on fine, Awol was nervous initially, wandering around sniffing everything. The next minute, he was zooming around the house.
I have a three-bedroom house and live alone, so I gave him free space to move around. He picked the spare room, but after a few weeks he began to sleep in my bet. He often purred (呼噜呼噜叫) like a motor running, pressing his feet, one after another, into my belly.
I adopted Awol around the time my grandmother, 80, Who was my best friend, went into hospital.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One day after work, my mother told me to drive straight to the hospital. __________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Awol rushed downstairs, trying to comfort me. _____________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.D
解析：1.细节理解题。根据Arch View House的第二句"It has a range of private and shared studios,which come with their own kitchen, bathroom and living facilities.(它有一系列私人和共享的工作室,配有自己的厨房、浴室和生活设施)"可知,Arch View House向租房的学生提供了便利的生活设施。故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据The Cube Ealing的第二句"It is only a 3-minute walk from the University of West London(离西伦敦大学只有3分钟的步行路程)"可知,那些住在伊灵魔方的人靠近The University of West London.。故选A项。
3.细节理解题。对比所介绍的四个公寓价格, Arch View House价格为"Prices start from ￡160 per week(价格从每周160英镑起)"；Helen Graham House价格为"Prices start from ￡130 per week(价格从每周l30英镑起)"；The Cube Ealing价格为"Prices start from ￡150 per week.(价格从每周150英镑起"；Sunlight Apartments价格为"Prices start from￡110 per week.(价格从每周110英镑起)"；可知Sunlight Apartments的住宿费用￡110 per week是最低的。故选D项。
B
答案：4.A; 5.D; 6.B; 7.A
解析：4.词句猜测题。根据前句"Life is full of struggles. Sometimes, we simply want to shy away from them.”(生活充满了斗争。有时候,我们只是想躲开他们。)躲开生活中的斗争就意味着放弃,可推知,此处“call it a day"意指暂停下来或者放弃。故选A项。
5.推理判断题。根据第三段“To raise money for a non-profit organization for orphans,Goggins vowed to run Badwater 1.35.”(为了给个为孤儿设立的非营利组织筹集资金,戈金斯发誓要跑完Badwater 135。)以及“With zero preparation and training,Goggins decided to have a try.”(没有任何准备和训练,戈金斯决定试一试。)可知,Goggins是一个意志坚定且有爱心的人。故选D项。
6.推理判断题。根据第四段"He kept on digging in his past while remembering all his previous victories, making him get the energy he needed to keep on going. His feet were still a bloody mess,full of blisters.But it gave him just enough drive to sustain him,until the 100-mile mark,And that's what the Cookie Jar is.”(他不断挖掘他的过去,同时回忆起他以前的所有胜利,这使他获得继续前进所需的能量。他的脚还是一团血污,满是水泡。但这给了他足够的动力,让他坚持到100英里。这就是饼干罐。)可知,Goggins在跑步中遇到困难,感觉到坚持不了的时候,想起了以往的胜利,便又充满了能量,所以此处“Cookie Jar"指代的是Goggins过往的成功和胜利。故选B项。
7.主旨大意题。根据最后一段“We all have a cookie jar inside us. Whenever you face a challenge, whenever you want to give up,you open the cookie jar and pick a cookie. The cookie reminds you of something you've overcome and how far you've come. Eventually, you'll slowly build up your mind to be more mentally tough.”(我们的内心都有一个饼干罐。每当你面临挑战时,每当你想放弃时,你就打开饼干罐,拿一块饼干。饼干会提醒你,你已经克服了那么多,你已经走了这么远。最终,你会慢慢地让自己变得更坚强。)以及本文通过Goggins的故事,说明了“cookie jar的重要性,即面对挑战和困难时,我们都要找到内心的cookie jar"。故选A项。
C
答案：8.C; 9.B; 10.C; 11.D
解析：8.推理判断题。根据第三段"The team stimulated mice to react in certain ways to observe how their faces changed.”(这队人用特定的方式刺激老鼠,让它们做出反应,并观察它们的表情是如何变化的。)可知,这个实验的目的是要证明老鼠受刺激时会有表情变化。故选C。
9.推理判断题。根据第三段"They found that different stimuli(刺激物) would lead to different reactions.”(他们发现不同的刺激物会导致不同的反应。)可知,观察老鼠对不同刺激物的反应这个方法在实验中被应用了。故选B。
10.细节理解题。根据第三段“When they felt fearful,their ears stuck up and their eyes widened.”(当它们感到害怕时,它们的耳朵会竖起来,眼睛会睁得很大。)可知,当老鼠们的耳朵竖起来,眼睛睁得很大的时候,说明它们感到害怕。故选C。
11.细节理解题。根据第七段“This suggests that there are individual neurons that could be responsible for animals'Being,though this point requires more research.”(这表明有个别的神经元可能会对动物的生存负责,然而,这个观点还需要更多的研究。)可知,个别的神经元可能会对动物的情绪负责这个观点还需要更多的研究。故选D。
D
答案：12.B; 13.B; 14.A; 15.B
解析：12.写作意图题。通读第二段可知，该段介绍了随着科技的发展，现代洗碗机洗碗比大部分人用手洗碗更加省水。第一段的两个问题引出了比较对象；由此可推知，作者在第一段提出这两个问题是为了引出文章的话题。
13.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Studies are showing that modem dishwashers can save more water than most hand washers"可知，现代洗碗机洗碗比大部分人用手洗碗更加省水。
14.推理判断题。根据题干中的"the Swedish study"可以定位至第四段中的"children in families that wash dishes by hand are less likely to develop fever...actually too clean"，由此可知，用手洗碗的家庭的孩子发烧的可能性更低，因为环境太干净也会让孩子生病，也就是说这项研究的发现是有关洗碗机对孩子健康的影响的。
15.标题归纳题。文章第一段利用两个问题引出话题：用洗碗机还是用手洗碗更环保；第二、三段分析了用洗碗机洗碗的好处，如省水、高效等；第四段提到了用洗碗机洗碗的弊端，如可能会导致孩子生病，最后通过研究人员的话得出结论：如果用户花在洗碗上的时间是有价值的，洗碗机在使用一年内就能收回成本，故B项"如何选择合适的洗碗方式"为最佳标题。
第二节
答案：16-20 CEGBF
解析：16.根据上文“Read books from past eras.(阅读过去时代的书籍)”以及下文“Otherwise, you'd be“completely dependent on the prejudicesand fashions of your times”(否则，你就会“完全依赖于你那个时代的偏见和时尚”）”和“Somebody who reads only newspapers andbooks of contemporary authors looks to me like an extremely near-sighted person who dislikes eyeglasses(在我看来，—个只看当代作家的报纸和书籍的人就像一个极度近视，却不喜欢戴眼镜的人）”可推知，此处建议读者阅读过去的书，阐明了只看当代作家的作品会有局限性。C项“Leave some room for older works.(为老作品留出一些空间）”承上启下，符合文意。故选C项。
17.下文“Reading too wide a variety in too short a time would keep the teachings from leaving a lasting impression on you.(在太短的时间内读太多的书，会使你无法对这些教海留下持久的印象）”指出，在太短的时间内读太多的书就会消化不了其中的知识，不能留下深刻印象，E项“Don't jump too quickly from book to book.(读完一本书后不要太快地去读另一本)”引出下文，为短文的小标题。故选E项。
18.根据上文“Shop at secondhand bookstores.(在二手书店购物)”以及"Browsing through these books gives you the chance to run intosomething that wouldn't have risen to the attention of librarians and booksellers.(浏览这些书让你有机会看到一些不会引起图书管理员和书商注意的书籍) "可推知，作者建议读者去二手书店买书，他认为在或许可以找到图书馆和二手书商没有的书。G项“Usually they are much more selective in organizing their collections than secondhand bookowners.(通常情况下, 他们在整理藏书时比二手书商更有选择性)”承接上文，进一步说明了作者建议读者去二手书店买书的原因，符合文意。故选G项。
19.通过上文“Check out authors' reading lists.(意看作者的阅读清单)”以及“He attached importance to those that other authors considerworth reading.(他重视其他作者认为值得读的那些作品)”以及下文“one way to understand them is to read the books they read (理解他们的一种方式是阅读他们读过的书)”可推知，此处建议读者在选择书籍时可以借鉴书籍作者的阅读清单，阅读他们读过的书，B项“Great authors are great readers.(好的作家也是好的读者)”承上启下，符合文意。故选B项。
20.根据上文“Make the final decision by yourself.(自己做最后的决定)”以及下文“It's you yourself who should choose what,how andwhen to read.(阅读内容、阅读方式和阅读时间应由你自己选择)”可推知，想要读什么书，要读多长时间等细节都应该由自己决定。F项“There's no'best books' list that everyone should follow.（没有人人都应该遵循的“最佳书箱”清单）”承上启下，符合文意。故选F项。
第二部分语言知识运用
第一节
答案：21.A; 22.C; 23.D; 24.C; 25.A; 26.D; 27.A; 28.B; 29.A; 30.D; 31.C; 32.D; 33.B; 34.B; 35.C
解析：21.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我来回地搅动水,按照从前的矿工指导的那样。A. instructed指导,指示;B. requested要求;C. concluded总结;D. assessed评估。根据文章讲述作者淘金的描写可知,此处表示按照前辈的指示搅动水,寻找金子,故选A。
22.考查副词词义辨析。句意:突然,一阵风吹来,将我的草帽从头上吹走,吹到了水里,帽子在水里翻来翻去,跟着水往下游流。A. Originally原来;B. Precisely恰好,正是;C. Abruptly突然;D. Hopefully有希望地。此处表示作者正在搅水找金子,一阵风将帽子吹走了,发生得很突然,故选C。
23.考查动词词义辨析。突然,一阵风吹来,将我的草帽从头上吹走,吹到了水里,帽子在水里翻来翻去,跟着水往下游流。A. swapping交换,代替;B. squeezing挤,榨;C. suspending暂停,中止;D. sweeping(风)横扫,卷走。根据前文“a breeze caught my straw hat”可知,此处表示风将帽子吹走,故选D。
24.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我的长毛牧羊犬Cobber,站在岸边。A. cold-hearted无情的;B. short-sighted目光短浅的;C. long-haired长头发的;D. short-haired短头发的。根据后文“his long coat flowing behind him.(它的长毛在身后摇来摇去)”可知,Cobber长着长长的毛发,故选C。
25.考查名词辨析。句意:它转过头来看到了我的困境,看着帽子跟着小溪涓涓往下流。A. dilemma(进退两难的)困境;B. agenda议程;C. delight高兴;D. potential潜力,潜能。根据前文作者站在河边,在水里找金子,风将帽子吹到了河里可知,此处表示牧羊犬转过头来看到了我想跑下水去捡帽子但又不敢下水的困境,故选A。
26.考查动词词义辨析。句意:它转过头来看到了我的困境,看着帽子跟着小溪涓涓往下流。A. sinking下沉;B. passing经过;C. trapping困人,陷入;D. racing全速行进。根据后文“down the bubbling stream(沿着涓涓的小溪)”可知,此处表示帽子跟着水快速地往下游流,故选D。
27.考查动词词义辨析。句意:它跑向岸边,对着帽子大声叫,想让帽子停下来。A. barking(狗)吠叫,叫;B. looking看着;C. shooting射击;D. laughing嘲笑。根据前文“Down the bank side he ran(它从岸边跑下)”可推知,此处表示狗边跑边对着帽子大声叫,故选A。
28.考查动词词义辨析。句意:然后它迅速跳入水中,划向帽子。A. viewed看待;B. dived跳,俯冲;C. threw扔;D. broke打破,打碎。根据后文“paddled out”可知,此处表示狗跳入水中,故选B。
29.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我惊讶地看着它,最终它用它的长嘴抓住了帽子。A. grasped抓牢,紧握;B. damaged损坏;C. followed跟随;D. wiped擦拭。根据下文“with his long pointy snout(用它的长嘴)”可知,此处表示狗用嘴衔住了帽子,故选A。
30.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我惊讶地看着它,最终它用它的长嘴抓住了帽子。A. experiment实验;B. entertainment娱乐,乐趣;C. argument争论;D. amazement惊讶。根据前文作者帽子掉入了河流中,看着越流越远的帽子,作者束手无策,此时狗帮他追了回来,狗的这一行为让他看到很惊讶,故选D。
31.考查动词词义辨析。句意:它从水中爬出来,使劲儿地将身上的水摇下来。A. turned旋转,转身;B. put放;C. shook摇晃;D. finished完成。根据前文“He climbed out”可知,狗从水上出来后,摇摆身体,将身上的水摇下来,故选C。
32.考查连词词义辨析。句意:我懂得,它知道它自己干了一件好事,因为它正骄傲地站在那里看着。A. even if即使;B. as if好像;C. in case以防;D. in that因为,由于。根据后文“he proudly watched on”可知,此处它骄傲的坐在那里与前文它知道自己干了好事成因果关系,故选D。
33.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这可能是一件小事,却永远印在我的记忆里。A. sigh叹气;B. image印象,形象;C. imagination想象力;D. illustration插图。根据空后“imprinted on my memory”可知,此处表我对这件事的印象会永远印在记忆力,故选B。
34.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我很不好意思的说,在之后,我的帽子又掉了两次,Cobber两次都帮我捡回来了。A. prepare准备好的;B. embarrassed尴尬的;C. convinced相信的,信服的;D. frightened害怕的。根据后文“my hat flew off another two times and each time Cobber regained it for me”可知,作者的帽子又掉了两次,都是Cobber帮他捡回来,这件事让作者感到很尴尬,很不好意思,故选B。
35.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:总的来说,今天的确是重要的一天——因为我真的找到了几颗黄金。A. tentative试探性的,犹豫不决的;B. tough艰难的;C. eventful多事件的,重要的;D. authentic真实的,原作的。根据前文作者帽子掉水里了,狗帮他追了回来以及后文作者真的找到了几颗黄金可知,今天对于作者来说是重要的一天,故选C。
第二节
答案：36. has attracted37. for38. that39. providing40. However41. ability42. generally43. increase44. a45. educated
解析：36.考查动词。句意：近年来，随着我国经济和社会建设的快速发展，教育发展迈上了一个新的台阶，但区域教育不公平问题却引起了人们的广泛关注。ever since是现在完成时时态标志，but后句子的主语是inequality为单数。故填has attracted。
37.考查介词。句意：在我看来，造成这种现象的原因有三个。固定搭配reason for sth：……的原因。故填for。
38.考查代词。句意：对城市学校的投资远远超过对农村学校的投资。此句把城市学校投资与农村学校投资作对比，investment一词前文出现过，此处可用指示代词that指代同类不同物的事物，避免重复。故填that。
39.考查动词。句意：一些学校拥有先进的设施，为学生提供良好的学习环境。句子主干是Some schools have advanced facilities已有谓语，provide用非谓语动词，且provide与some schools之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填providing。
40.考查副词，句意：但是，有些学校只有基本的设施。上句说一些学校拥有先进的设施，本句说一些学校设施差，前后句存在转折关系。且有逗号和后文整个句子分开，用副词，故填However。
41.考查名词。句意：发达地区教师的教学能力普遍较好，而欠发达地区的教师大多是辅助教师或代课教师。该空作句子主语，用名词，且ability表抽象意义，不可数。故填ability。
42.考查副词。句意：发达地区教师的教学能力普遍较好，而欠发达地区的教师大多是辅助教师或代课教师。此处用副词修饰形容词better. 故填generally。
43.考查动词，句意：一是加大教育投入，缩小地区差异。这个句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故填increase。
44.考查冠词。句意：二是改革资源配置，统筹分配义务教育。固定搭配as a whole：全局地、总体上。故填a。
45.考查形容词。句意：最后，鼓励有经验或受过高等教育的教师到偏远地区任教。该空修饰名词teachers，用形容词。故填educated。
第三部分写作
第一节
答案：
Dear fellow students,
I am Li Hua from Class 7 Grade 3. It's my great honor to deliver a speech entitled Chinese youth of the new era. In my view, the Chinese youth should be possessed of the following qualities.
First of all, nobody can achieve anything without big dreams. Dreams, like lighthouses, point out our way forward. Additionally, everyone should shoulder their due responsibilities. A strong sense of responsibility is what it takes to do everything well. As President Xi puts it, only if the younger generations have dreams and a strong sense of responsibility will a nation be full of hope and a country have a brilliant future.
That's all. Thanks for listening.
第二节
答案：
One day, after work, my mother told me to drive straight to the hospital. I knew it wasn't good. When I got there, she was in the emergency room with my mum and granddad. I held her hand, saying “Grandma, I've got a cat.” I didn't know if she had heard me, but I thought she would have liked Awol. She passed away that night. I got home and collapsed on the floor with grief. I was so upset I could barely breathe.
Awol rushed downstairs, trying to comfort me. He threw himself on me with such force that it almost stopped my tears. Then he lay on my belly, purring his head off and offering his paw. It was as if he knew what had happened. In the following days, every time I got home from work, Awol would be sitting in the window, watching out for me. He was like my little guardian angel, who gave me a reason to get up, to smile and to go on.
解析：
这是一篇读后续写。文章以猫为线索展开,讲述作者在2016年遇到了一只小猫,却没能帮它找到主人。但这只猫天天跟着作者,因此2017年3月作者收留了它。一开始猫有点紧张,但和家里的其他动物都相处得很融洽,慢慢地它和作者熟络起来,常常到作者的床上睡觉。收留小猫后不久,作者的祖母生病住院了。
1.段落续写
①根据第一段首句内容“一天下班后,妈妈告诉我直接开车去医院”可知,下文可描写作者到医院后发生的事情,以及祖母的去世。
②根据第二段首句内容“Awol冲下楼,试图安慰我"可知,下文可描写在Awol的陪伴和安慰下,作者渐渐走出了阴霾。
2.续写线索:去医院一一祖母病重一一提出让Awol陪伴祖母一一祖母当晚去世一一Awol跑下楼一一Awol给作者陪伴和安慰一一Awol成为作者的精神支柱
3.词类激活行为类
①到达:get/arrive
②喜欢:like/love/be keen on
③认为:think/believe
情绪类
①悲伤:sorrow/grief
②伤心的:upset/sad
【高分句型1】When I got there, she was in the emergency room with my mum and granddad.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】I didn't know if she had heard me,but I thought she would have liked Awol.(运用了if引导宾语从句)
【高分句型3】In the following days,every time I got home from work, Awol would be sitting in the window, watching out for me.(运用了every time引导时间状语从句和现在分词作状语)
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