北京市昌平区2022届高三英语第二次统一练习二模试题

这是一份北京市昌平区2022届高三英语第二次统一练习二模试题，共14页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分）， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
北京市昌平区2022届高三英语第二次统一练习（二模）试题本试卷共12页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节：完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。This was memorable for not so good reasons. We were camping on Fraser Island. I decided to go for a nature walk alone from the camp over to the beach. After   1   for some time I decided I should   2   and head back to the camp. On doing this I met with an overly friendly Dingo（澳洲野狗）. Not thinking much about it at the time and being my first   3   with it, I was all at sea-but kept on walking. But the Dingo kept on walking too! I tried telling it to get away; no   4   from the Dingo. I then decided to try and move around the Dingo; it kept moving with me, almost   5   what I was doing. I then tried going into the water, thinking   6   the Dingo wouldn't want to come in. I walked in until the water was over my knees and the Dingo walked right on in too. It didn't want me to go anywhere!At this point I became a little   7   but luckily at that   8   moment a car driving by saw what was happening and beeped the horn（喇叭）, both in order to get my attention and to   9   off the Dingo. I jumped onto the step and held on while the car drove me back up to the   10   safely. Safe to say that was the last time I went walking on my own and I will never break into the wild animals' habitats again. 1. A. waiting           B. checking           C. skipping          D. walking2. A. move over      B. turn around       C. get out             D. run away3. A. training           B. encounter         C. game                D. tour4. A. reward            B. answer              C. reaction           D. warning5. A. mirroring        B. suspecting        C. ignoring      D. interrupting6. A. clearly            B. surely        C. slowly             D. deeply7. A. confused         B. inspired            C. excited            D. worried8. A. critical            B. strange              C. common         D. dramatic9. A. put             B. kick           C. drive               D. carry10. A. island            B. forest           C. camp               D. beach第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。ATwo firefighters   11   （wait）in line at a fast-food restaurant when the siren（警报器）sounded on their fire engine outside. As they turned to leave, a couple who   12   （receive）their order a moment ago handed their food to the firefighters. The couple then got back in line to reorder.   13   （appreciate）their selfless act as a reward, the manager refused to take the couple's money. BHave you ever thought about having another finger? Researchers at University College London have developed a robotic 3D-printed "third thumb". The thumb is worn on the side of the hand opposite the actual thumb. Volunteers   14   （wear）the third thumb could carry   15   （many）objects than usual, and hold and open a soft drink bottle with one hand. Also, human brains can adapt to the use of an extra thumb   16   （easy）. CLanzhou,9th August 2017. A group of scientists from different   17   （country）were working together to help increase knowledge and appreciation of China's ancient cultural heritage. They were recording and collecting digital images of cultural relics from the Mogao Caves   18   had been a key stop along the Silk Road throughout China's ancient history. Nearly 500,000 high-quality digital photographs   19   （produce）since the international project started in 1994. By sharing so many digital photos   20   the Internet, the group hopes to promote even wider interest around the world. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAfter a two-year pause, our summer program in Madrid is back. A tradition of 62 years has made Rollins' Verano Espanol the most popular abroad program on campus. Program Highlights：•Earn 8 Rollins credit hours（two courses）in 6 weeks•Small class sizes, 8 students max. per class•All levels of Spanish proficiency allowed（from nothing to advanced）•Stay at a centrally located dorm•Full orientation during arrival weekend: Airport pick up, transportation to the dorms•Internship（实习）option/Included weekend long trip to the scenic mountain town of Candelario/weekly cultural activitiesVerano Espanol: a Rollins Tradition•Rollins' Verano Espanol（Spanish Summer）celebrates its 62nd anniversary and is one of the oldest and most prestigious American summer study programs in Spain. •INB students: Do you know that you can complete your language, international experience and internship requirements in just 6 weeks in Madrid? •Internships available at IFEMA, the Trade Fair Institution of Madrid, with over 30 year experience of staging trade fairs, it is the most important of its kind in Spain and one of the leaders in Europe. Verano Espaiol: Why Madrid? For its unique blend of culture, history, food, and fun, Marid is one of the world's top destinations. It is one of the world's most lively cities, with unparalleled cultural offerings and a vibrant nightlife. According to Lonely Planet, "No city on earth is more alive than Madrid, an attractive place whose sheer energy carries a simple message: this is one city which really knows how to live."Last information session: Thursday, Feb. 10th. Bieberbach-Reed（Campus Center, by the Marketplace）. Stop by anytime between 12:30-1:30 pm. Program application deadline: March 28, 2022Program Travel Dates:14May-25June, 2022Additional Information:http://www. rollins.edu/international-programsContact Dr. Alberto Prieto-Calixto: apcalixtorollins.edu21. By participating in the program, you can__________.A. take classes with big size        B. live at the countryside dormC. enjoy trips during weekdays      D. gain the opportunity for internship22. According to Lonely Planet, Madrid is chosen as the program's destination mainly for its__________.A. climate      B. location      C. culture      D. scenery23. When will the program get started according to the passage? A. On February 10th.      B. On March 28th.      C. On May 14th.      D. On June 25th. BIt started as a typical hot, dusty morning in a small town in the Peten region of Guatemala. As the morning progressed, the town became crowded with people streaming in from miles around. Some came by bus, others on motorcycles, bicycles and on foot. Filled with hope, they had come to attend a Seva-sponsored screening camp organized by our longtime local partner Visualiza. Word traveled quickly that the team had returned, offering free care to anyone with an eye problem. Over two days,700 people waited patiently to have their eyes examined at the temporary clinic that had been set up in the center of town. The first morning, the line spilled out of the front door. Many sought shelter from the unrelenting sun beneath umbrellas. A mother brought her nine-year-old daughter Wendy, hoping the doctors could restore sight to her blind eye. Five years ago, Wendy had lost vision in her eye after accidentally being bumped in the head while playing with friends. Making their way through the series of exam stations, Wendy and her mother learned that Visualiza's ophthalmologists might be able to help her see again by operating on her eye. The doctors informed them that a cataract（白内障）that had formed after the injury was causing her vision loss. Wendy was scheduled for surgery, which would take place the next morning at Visualiza's outreach clinic. Transportation was arranged for Wendy and her mother, along with all of the other patients who had been identified as requiring sight-restoring surgery. Of the 25 patients who boarded the clinic's bus, Wendy was the only child. The next morning after a successful surgery, the eye patch was removed and Wendy slowly opened her eyes. For the first few days, Wendy's vision was a little blurry. But after being fitted with a pair of prescription glasses, Wendy's follow-up exam showed that her vision had come back nicely and the surgery had been a great success! With vision restored, Wendy can now see clearly and is excited to be returning to school. Thanks to Seva donors, Wendy's future is bright and full of potential. 24. How did people feel when waiting to have their eyes examined? A. Hopeful.      B. Nervous.      C. Impatient.      D. Thankful. 25. Wendy lost her vision because_______________.A. she kept looking at the sun for a long time     B. she had her head bumped by accidentC. she had a failed operation on eyes            D. she was born with an eye disease26. What mainly contributes to Wendy's happy ending? A. The fast transportation.           B. The prescription glasses. C. The successful surgery.           D. The follow-up exam. 27. What message does the author want to express? A. Treasure your sight before it's getting worse.B. Helping those in need makes a difference. C. Opportunity favors the prepared mind.D. Free yourself from the dark time. CFew dishes taste better than a juicy cut of beef. One survey in 2014 found that steak was Americans' favorite food. Unfortunately, by cooking so many cows, humans are cooking themselves, too. The influence of food on greenhouse-gas（GHG）emissions（排放）can slip under the radar. In a survey in Britain last year, the share of answerers saying that "producing plants and meat on farms" was a “significant contributor” to climate change was the lowest among ten listed activities. Yet two papers published this year in Nature Food find that food, especially beef, creates more GHGS than previously thought. This March researchers from the European Commission and the UN's Food and Agriculture Office released a study estimating that the global food system was responsible for 34% of GHG in 2015. The paper assigns the full impact of deforestation to the agriculture that results from it；includes emissions after food is sold（such as from waste and cooking）；and counts non-food crops like cotton. But even when the authors took away emissions from sources like transport and packaging, they still found that agriculture generated 24% of GHGS. Another recent paper, by Xiaoming Xu of the University of Illinois and eight co-authors, allocates（分配）this impact among 171 crops and 16 animal products. It finds that animal-based foods account for 57% of agricultural GHGS, versus 29% for food from plants. Beef and cow's milk alone made up 34%. Combined with the earlier study's results, this implies that cattle produce 12% of GHG emissions. Relative to other food sources, beef is uniquely carbon-intensive. Because cattle emit methane（甲烷）and need large grasslands that are often created by cutting more forests, they produce seven times as many GHGS per calorie of meat as pigs do. This makes beef a bigger share among foods than coal is among sources of electricity. The simplest way to cut beef output is for people to eat other animals instead, or become vegetarians. But convincing people to give up their burgers is a tall order. Fortunately, lab-grown meats are moving from Petri dishes（培养皿）to high-end restaurants. Doing without beef from live cattle is hard to imagine, but the same was true of coal 100 years ago. Lab-grown meat could play an essential role in slowing a climate disaster. 28. The underlined phrase in paragraph 2 can probably be replaced by____________.A. be detected by radar       B. be ignored by peopleC. be explained by experts     D. be controlled by government29. What can we learn from the passage? A. Lab-grown meats will replace other meats in the future. B. Quitting steak may be an efficient way to reduce GHG. C. Producing beef generates more GHG than burning coal. D. Beef transport is the major contributor of GHG emissions. 30. The author mentions the coal in the last paragraph just to show____________. A. the importance of both lab-grown beef and coal    B. the difficulty to produce the lab-grown meatC. the necessity of beef from live cattle             D. the future of lab-grown beefDThe word "robot" was coined in 1920 by the Czech playwright Karel Capek meaning fully functional servants. For most of their history, robots have been inelegant mechanical devices sitting out of sight in factories. Things are starting to change, however. Robots are leaving carefully managed industrial settings for everyday life and, in the coming years, will increasingly work in supermarkets, clinics, social care and much more. They could not be coming at a better time. Many industries are facing a shortage of labor—the demand for workers has recovered much faster than expected and some people have left the workforce, particularly in America. Warehousing（仓库）has grown rapidly thanks to the e-commerce boom. Robots are picking items off shelves and helping people pack a rising numbers of boxes. They are even beginning to move slowly along some pavements, delivering goods or food right to people's doors. Nowadays, short of workers but with lots of elderly folk to look after, having more robots to boost productivity would be a good thing. And yet many people fear that robots will destroy jobs. A paper in 2013 by economists at Oxford University was widely misinterpreted as meaning that 47% of American jobs were at risk of being automated. In fact, concerns about mass unemployment are overblown. The evidence suggests robots will be ultimately beneficial for labor markets. Japan and South Korea have the highest robot usage rate but very strong workforces. A Yale University study that looked at Japanese manufacturing between 1978 and 2017 found that an increase of one robot unit per 1,000 workers boosted a company's employment by 2.2%. Research from the Bank of Korea found that robotization moved jobs away from manufacturing into other sectors, but that there was no decrease in overall vacancies. For all that, the march of the robots will bring big changes to workplaces, too. One supposed example of "bad automation" is self-service checkouts in supermarkets, because they displace human workers. But robots could perform unpleasant work. Checkout staff who retrain to help customers pick items from aisles（传送带）may find that dealing with people in need is more rewarding than spending all day swiping barcodes in front of lasers. In addition, as jobs change, workers should be helped to acquire new skills, including how to work with and manage the robots that will increasingly be their colleagues. The potential gains from the robot revolution are huge. In Capek's play, the robots revolt（反抗）against their human masters and cause mass unemployment and worse. However, the beginnings of the world's real robots have not matched Capek's assumption. So there is no need to concern about their future. 31. The author mentions the two researches in paragraph 4 to____________. A. prove an argument  B. introduce an approachC. present an assumption D. highlight an experiment32. What can we infer from the passage? A. New skills will be acquired by workers with the help of robots. B. The more robots are used, the greater employment it can bring. C. Robots will betray their human masters and cause worse problems. D. Checkout staff in supermarkets may be happier to do with people in need. 33. Towards wide spread of robots, the author is____________A. approved      B. neutral      C. opposed      D. doubtful34. What's the best title of the passage? A. Future Risk: Jobs Being AutomatedB. Robot Revolution: Causes of ChangesC. Workplace Automation: Rise of RobotsD. Robotization: Solution to Unemployment第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。When we feel exhausted, our brains want to save mental energy by directing our focus to the most readily available, recallable information to help us make decisions quickly. We often do the thing that feels right, or rush to judgment without proper consideration.   35   It's the reason why if you speak Spanish, it's much easier to learn Italian than Japanese. It's also why many people think two single dollar bills are more valuable than a single two-dollar bill.   36   Or, we are willing to move toward things that make us feel good and away from things that make us feel uncomfortable. Yet, we know hard actions can bring benefits -ones that may not be visible for some time.   37   Maybe we do this because we have an insight or a requirement from doctor. When we go for that initial run, it doesn't feel good. Neither does the run after that. Our muscles hurt. The money we've spent on the new hobby causes friction in our household. It continues to signal the reasons we should go back to the way it was before. So, how do we do hard things when our brains are constantly telling us to avoid effort? •   38   A2016 study found that when people are upset, they' re less likely to try to do hard things. When they're feeling upbeat, they're more likely to take on the hard-but-essential tasks that ultimately make life better. •Give our brains the right amount of autonomy. When we have a choice, our brains often want something easy.   39  Doing things that feel uncomfortable and liking hard work can seem counterintuitive（反直觉的）. But by understanding what's going on in your brain, instead of depending on your first feeling, you can work toward completing hard things and manage your fears better. A. Think about starting a new exercise routine. B. Tackle hard things when we're in a good mood. C. Accomplish hard things by having the supports of others. D. The result is that many of us tend to do what simply feels right. E. The brain does this because it's much easier to process existing ideas than new ones. F. But there are still some people keeping with it to the end regardless of these difficulties. G. But we can reduce that response by challenging ourselves to be innovative and provide motives. 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节：（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Finding and keeping friends is a skill that can take some time to develop. From around the age of four, children develop an understanding that other people may have thoughts, interests and feelings that are different to theirs. This emerging capacity, known as Theory of Mind, helps children make friends, says Eileen Kennedy-Moore, a clinical psychologist. "They become better at imagining someone else's perspective and this stimulates more intimate（亲密的）friendships.”Children often have a practical view of friendship, forming close bonds with peers in the playground or classroom, says Kennedy-Moore. “It is a ‘love the one you're with’ approach.”“The thing that kids have as an advantage over adults is that they are in the room with 25 others in their stage of life," she says. “In adulthood it takes thoughtful effort to find and develop friendships.” According to one study, adults must spend around 50 hours together to go from mere acquaintance（相识的人）to a casual friend, 90 hours together before they consider each other as friends, and more than 200 hours to become close friends who share an emotional connection. Psychologists say best friendships can help children prepare for close relationships, including romantic ones, as they grow up. “Best friendship is really like falling in love," says Kennedy-Moore. “Close friendships in childhood help kids practice the skills they need in intimate relationships throughout their lives. They learn about other people, and about themselves, to deal with feelings like envy, loneliness, and sadness."“If children don't talk about friends at home, it doesn't mean they don't have any,” she says, adding that this may because they prefer a quieter style of interacting with others. Parents can help their children in developing friendships by organizing fun meet-ups outside of school. "The formula is: watch then get involved.” says Kennedy-Moore. “Parents should teach their children to watch what other children are doing, then encourage them to slide into the action without interrupting."40. What capacity do children develop from about the age of four according to Kennedy-Moore? 41. What is the disadvantage for adults to develop friendships compared with children? 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Parents can support their children in forming friendships by organizing fun meet-ups outside of school and correcting them from time to time. 43. List some other ways you usually use to develop or maintain your friendship.（In about 40 words）第二节：书面表达（20分）假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Jim听说你校3月份举行了“高考百日誓师”大会，对此他很感兴趣，请依据下列信息，给他回信，介绍此次活动。1. 时间与地点；2. 主要内容和目的；3. 你的感受。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：the 100-day Oath of College Entrance Examination 高考百日誓师Dear Jim,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Li Hua                 英语参考答案第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分)第一节：完形填空（每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）1—5：DBBCA 6—10：BDACC第二节：语法填空（共 10 小题：每小题 1.5 分,共 15 分)11. were waiting（时态）12. had received（时态)13.To appreciate（非谓语）14. wearing（非谓语)15.more(形容词)16. easily（副词）17. countries（名词)18. which/that（定语从句)19. have been produced (时态语态)20. over/ on (介词)评分原则；大小写错误扣 0.5 分，拼写错误不得分。第二部分：阅读理解（共 19 小题；每小题 2 分，共38 分）第一节（共14 小题；每小题 2 分，共28 分)21—23：DCC 24—27：ABCB 28—30：BBD 31—34：ADAC第二节（共5 小题；每小题 2 分,共 10 分)35—39：EDABG第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分)第一节（共4 小题；40、41 题各 2 分，第 42 题3 分，第 43 题5 分，共12 分）40. Children develop an understanding that other people may have thoughts, interests andfeelings that are different to theirs./Theory of Mind.评分标准：回答出关键信息可得 2 分。41. It takes thoughtful effort more time to find and develop friendships.评分标准:回答出关键信息 takes thoughtful effort 或 takes more time 即可得2 分。42. Parents can support their children in forming friendships by organizing fun meet-upsoutside of school and correcting them from time to time.According to the passage, parents should encourage their children to watch and slide intothe action without interrupting instead of correcting them from time to time.评分标准：做出正确判断得 1 分；给出解释得 2 分。判断错误，但解释正确，得2 分。43.略。评分标准：列出 1 个方式，无论述，得 2 分；列出 2 个方式，无论述得 3 分。如有论述，每个增加 1 分，得 4 或5 分。字数多于50 或少于30，减 1 分。第二节（20分）一、评分标准：维度分档内容（8分）语言（8分）结构（8分）一档（6-8）·内容完整，详略得当。·表述与主题相关。·语言准确，基本无语言错误；句式多样。·语言表达基本得体。·条理清晰，结构合理。·衔接自然，行文连贯。二档（3-5）·内容基本完整。·表述与主题基本相关。·语言有一些错误，但不影响理解；句式有一定变化。·语言表达不太得体。·条理基本清晰，结构基本合理。·有一定衔接手段，行文基本连贯。三档（0-2）·内容不完整。·表述与主题不太相关或完全无关。·语言有大量错误，影响理解。·语言表达不得体。·条理不清晰。·支离破碎。 【注释】1.分数计算：本题总分 20 分，采用分项评分方式，其中内容 8 分，语言 8 分，结构 4分。具体计算方法：总分(20 分)=内容(8 分)×1 +语言(8 分)×1 +结构(8 分) ×0.5。2.评分时先判断作答内容与题目是否有关，若内容判为零分，语言与结构均为零分。3.英式、美式拼写均可接受。二、内容要点：1.时间与地点；2.主要内容和目的;3.你的感受。One possible version:Dear Jim,I've heard you're quite interested in the 100-day Oath of College Entrance Examination inour school. Now I'd like to tell you something about it.The ceremony was held on the 3" of March in the meeting hall. When the host announcedthe beginning of the oath, we students all raised our fists and followed the oath by the hostexcitedly to inspire ourselves to work harder in the following days. Then the headmaster gave aspeech to encourage us and wish us an excellent grade in the Gaokao. At that moment I wasextremely inspired and decided to make a greater effort to realize my dream to a betteruniversity.That's all. Any questions?Yours，LiHua