2022届广东省广东实验中学等四校高三下学期2月联考英语试卷含解析

这是一份2022届广东省广东实验中学等四校高三下学期2月联考英语试卷含解析，共24页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，任务型阅读，完形填空，语法填空，写作等内容，欢迎下载使用。

广东省四校2022届高三下学期2月联考
英语试卷
一、阅读理解
阅读理解
Museums in Baltimore
The Walters Art Museum
The Walters Art Museum contains 36,000 objects from around the world. Walking through the museum's historic buildings, visitors encounter a stunning panorama of thousands of years of art, from romantic 17th-century images of French gardens to fascinating Ethiopian icons, ancient Roman sarcophagi (石棺), and peaceful images of the Buddha.
Tickets: $9.5. Free for children aged 7 and under.
Baltimore Museum of Industry
The Baltimore Museum of Industry celebrates the innovators, entrepreneurs and workers who promoted this port city into the industrial age. From garment making to airplane manufacturing, visitors to the museum will discover how their pioneering spirit built the region's manufacturing might. Located in an 1860s oyster cannery on a five-acre waterfront campus, the BMI offers dynamic exhibitions and hands-on activities for guests of all ages.
Tickets: $15. Half price for children.
Baltimore Museum of Art
The Baltimore Museum of Art is home to an internationally renowned collection of 19th-century, modern, and contemporary art. It has 90,000 works of art—including the largest holding of works by Henri Matisse in the world. The BMA is now throughout the multi-year project so that visitors can enjoy its outstanding selection of European and American painting and sculpture from the 17th through 20th centuries.
Tickets: $10. Ten percent off if booked on the official website.
American Visionary Art Museum
The American Visionary Art Museum is the nation's museum for self-taught, creative skills. Three historic buildings house wonders created by farmers, housewives, mechanics, the disabled, as well as the occasional neurosurgeon. From carved roots to embroidered rags, tattoos to toothpicks, 'the visionary' transforms dreams, loss, hopes, and ideals into powerful works of art.
Tickets: $9.5. Free for children aged 6 and under and museum members.
1．Which museum best suits people interested in contemporary French paintings?
A．The Walters Art Museum. B．Baltimore Museum of Industry.
C．Baltimore Museum of Art. D．American Visionary Art Museum.
2．What do we know about Baltimore Museum of Industry?
A．It's a place for memorial celebrations for the city.
B．It was built in a factory where food was canned.
C．It offers free exhibitions for guests of all ages.
D．It is now undergoing a multi-year project.
3．How much should they pay if a 7-year-old boy goes to American Visionary Art Museum with his parents?
A．$19. B．$23.5. C．$27. D．$28.5.
阅读理解
At 74 James Patterson has sold more than 425 million copies of his 200 novels globally, making him one of the highest paid authors in the world. "I do not work for a living. I play for a living. I love doing it," Patterson tells CNBC. But Patterson's road to success didn't happen overnight. He started writing as a side hustle and he faced a lot of rejection before getting his first book published.
Patterson grew up in the woods in Newburgh, New York with an insurance salesman father and a schoolteacher mother. Despite having dreams of being a writer, the idea "always seemed presumptuous", Patterson says. But after reading books by James Joyce, "it really turned me on to reading, and then I started writing," he says.
After college, Patterson got his first job as a junior copy writer at the advertising agency J. Walter Thompson. While climbing the corporate ladder, Patterson wrote his first book, The Thomas Berryman Number in the mid-70s. The book "got turned down by 31 publishers", Patterson says. But after it was finally published in 1976, "then it won an Edgar Award for best first novel." The Edgar Award, which is named after Edgar Alan Poe, honors the best writers in mystery fiction and non-fiction.
Despite publishing his first book at age 26, Patterson didn't have a bestseller until he was 40. "It wasn't like all of a sudden," he says. In fact, Patterson kept his day job for decades and got promoted to CEO of J. Walter Thompson in 1988. During that time, Patterson says he would read well over 100 books a year to help spark his creativity. "I have a huge imagination and I'm constantly asking, what about this? What about that?" he says.
Despite his success, Patterson says he doesn't like to give advice, especially about writing. But he credits his own success to his work ethic and passion. "I also don't take myself too seriously," he says. "Yeah, I sell a lot of books, so what?"
4．What do we know about James Patterson?
A．He produced a bestseller when he was 26.
B．He read a lot of books to get source of inspiration.
C．He worked as a full-time writer when he was young.
D．He got inspiration for his first book when climbing a ladder.
5．What does the underlined word "presumptuous" mean in paragraph 2?
A．Unrealistic. B．Contradictory. C．Imaginative. D．Inspiring.
6．What can we infer about James Patterson from the last paragraph?
A．He has sold a lot of books.
B．He doesn't take his job seriously.
C．He values positive attitudes to work.
D．He is unwilling to give advice to readers.
7．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．The Secret to Career Success
B．A Tough Road to a Bestseller Writer
C．An Edgar Award Winner
D．A Not-to-be-missed Fiction
阅读理解
Polar bear mothers invest a huge amount into their cubs (幼兽), isolating themselves in dens (兽穴) dug with great effort into piles of snow to provide care through the unforgiving conditions of Arctic winter. It's little wonder that the bears are hesitant to leave when disturbed, even when oil drilling equipment is in operation nearby.
"We found that bears wouldn't abandon their dens even with vehicles driving right overhead," says Wesley Larson, who worked his way from office assistant to a graduate student position with Utah's Brigham Young University, monitoring polar bears on Alaska's North Slope.
Scientists have recorded an increase in human-wildlife conflict in the area, as offshore pack ice has decreased, forcing the bear population to create their dens closer to petrol industry activity. With increased industry interest in oil and gas leasing (租赁) in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, strong evidence to help support and carry out protective measures for the species has never been more important.
Wildlife managers in Alaska depend on a rule that industrial activity and research cannot take place within 1. 6 km of a den with newborn babies in it. Working with 15 years of monitoring records, and 30 years of notes concerning interactions between the industry and the bears, Larson and colleagues were able to confirm that the regulation was sufficient, but that more needed to be done to actively locate dens. He explains that with entrances quickly covered by snow and dens closed-up until spring, they are effectively undetectable to the naked eye.
"While technology such as forward-looking infrared cameras can be used to try to pick up a heat signature inside the den, it only works when conditions are perfect, and they rarely are in Arctic winter," says Larson. He is now consulting on a project using radar technology to identify dens and ensure protection for the animals symbolic of the Arctic.
8．Why does the author mention polar bear mothers in paragraph 1?
A．To attract sympathy for the polar bears.
B．To condemn human activities that damage nature.
C．To show the severe environment polar bears live in.
D．To explain polar bears' unwillingness to leave their dens.
9．What can be inferred from paragraph 3?
A．Pursuit of economic interest threatens polar bears' existence.
B．Protective measures were not considered important in the past.
C．Human activities have led to the reduction of offshore pack ice.
D．The development of petrol industry has forced the bears to leave.
10．What is Larson's attitude towards the regulation of human activities in Alaska?
A．Approving. B．Critical. C．Worried. D．Hopeful.
11．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Attention should be paid to protecting polar bears.
B．Technology should be applied to identify polar bears.
C．More efforts are necessary to monitor polar bear dens.
D．It's very difficult to successfully locate polar bear dens.
阅读理解
It may not be rocket science, but researchers have found aerospace engineers and neurosurgeons (神经外科医生) are not necessarily brighter than the general population.
Researchers examined data from an international group of 329 aerospace engineers and 72 brain surgeons who completed 12 tasks online using the Great British Intelligence Test.
The tasks examined various aspects of cognition (认知), including planning and reasoning, working memory, attention, and emotion processing abilities. The researchers then compared the results against those previously gathered from more than 18,000 members of the British public.
The findings, which were recently published, reveal that only neurosurgeons showed a significant difference, with quicker problem-solving speed but slower memory recall compared with the general population. "The difference in problem-solving speed exhibited by neurosurgeons might arise from the fast-paced nature of neurosurgery, which attracts those with a pre-existing talent for rapid processing, or it could be, though less likely, a product of training for rapid decision-making in time-critical situations," the researchers noted.
The researchers said the study was, in part, carried out to lay to rest the question of whether one of the professions had the intellectual upper hand-a tension made famous by a comedy show in which a confident neurosurgeon is slapped down by an aerospace expert who says, "Brain surgery... it's not exactly rocket science, is it?"
However, the team found few differences between the cognitive abilities of aerospace engineers and neuroscientists, although the results suggest the former had higher scores for attention and mental control—such as turning objects in one's head—while neurosurgeons showed higher scores in semantic (语义的) problem solving—such as definitions of rare words.
"Essentially what we think it shows is that everyone has a range of skills, some people are better at some things and other people are better at other things, and it is very difficult to be better in everything across the board," said Aswin Chari, an author of the study.
12．What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．The research subjects. B．The research method.
C．The research aspects. D．The research background.
13．What seemed to be the major cause of neurosurgeons' quicker problem-solving speed shown in the study?
A．Fast development of neurosurgery. B．Talent of neurosurgeons.
C．Training for rapid decision-making. D．Nature of problem solving.
14．The study was conducted partly because the researchers.
A．attempted to answer the question asked by the aerospace expert in the show
B．were eager to solve the conflicts between neurosurgeons and aerospace engineers
C．intended to settle the argument over the intellectual superiority of the two professions
D．wanted to find out which of the two professions was more intellectually demanding
15．What is most likely to be the purpose of this text?
A．To inform people of the results of a cognitive study.
B．To encourage people to be confident in themselves.
C．To reduce prejudice against certain professions.
D．To correct misunderstandings about intelligence.
二、任务型阅读
阅读短文，从短文后选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。有两项为多余选项。
Joseph Conrad, a famous English novelist, said that his goal as a writer was "to make you hear, to make you feel, and above all, to make you see. That, and no more, is everything." 　16． 　 Often it leaves a single sharp impression to be turned over and over in the mind. After finishing the story, the reader should have something to think about: the humor of life, its ironies, or the unpredictability of human behavior.
　17． 　 The first and most obvious level is conveyed through the plot. Plot refers to the sequence of events, to the actions of the characters and the situations in which they are involved. To explain the plot, then, is to tell what happened in the story and to whom. In some short stories, plot is the dominating element. In other short stories, plot plays a very minor role.
In Hemingway's story, The Old Man and the Sea, however, we must approach the content on another level. 　18． 　 To understand and appreciate the story, the reader must be able to identify its general topic or theme. The next step is to identify the device by which the author comments on this theme. 　19． 　
Readers cannot appreciate a short story fully unless they react not only to what has been said but also to how it has been said. 　20． 　 Style grows out of the writer's own personality and can be seen in the choice of words and phrases, the arrangement of sentences, the rhythm and tone. Structure refers to the architecture of the story, the way in which the details are selected and arranged to produce the desired effect.
A. They must look for style and structure.
B. In complex stories, careful readers may not always agree with the author.
C. The impact on the reader comes from the sudden and unexpected response.
D. A good short story tries to give the reader a sense of the actual experience.
E. Finally, the reader should be able to explain the insights which the author has given into the theme.
F. The impact of the story comes from the insight it gives us into the needs and desires of youth and old age.
G. In order to read a short story with full understanding, the reader must approach the content on two levels.
三、完形填空
阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。
During the coronavirus lockdown, a fifth-grade teacher contacted me asking for help. She was 21． with students not attending online class but her students all loved the story in my book. So she asked if I had any 22． .
My immediate 23． was for me to do a 24． book club where I would read to the students. The idea was 25． by Mrs. Sandberg, my first teacher in America.
When I moved to America from Iran in 1972, I spoke seven words of English. Despite the language 26． , I immediately loved school. My favorite part of the day was 27． lunch, when Mrs. Sandberg read to us. Her kind voice transported me to 28． places where animals could talk and where kids had grand adventures.
With this joyful memory, I started the club. At the first session, five kids 29． . I read to them and tried to 30． a conversation. Whenever I asked a question, I was met with complete 31． . The following week, a few more kids came; they 32． started responding, but with one-word answers. The next session, they gave 33． answers and more students participated in the conversations.
This club has quickly become the 34． of my week. I have gotten to know the students and grown fond of every single one of them. Reading out loud forces me to forget everything else for an hour. I recently wondered if our post-lunch reading hour had given Mrs. Sandberg a chance to forget her 35． , too.
21．A．talking B．struggling C．working D．arguing
22．A．ideas B．doubts C．comments D．stories
23．A．question B．task C．reaction D．worry
24．A．yearly B．monthly C．daily D．weekly
25．A．inspired B．encouraged C．approved D．confirmed
26．A．confusion B．barrier C．advantage D．requirement
27．A．before B．after C．during D．over
28．A．dangerous B．diverse C．horrified D．magical
29．A．showed up B．moved out C．dropped out D．gave up
30．A．learn B．avoid C．start D．stop
31．A．chaos B．enjoyment C．silence D．agreement
32．A．immediately B．skillfully C．politely D．nervously
33．A．accurate B．longer C．complicated D．simpler
34．A．recreation B．fear C．burden D．highlight
35．A．world B．students C．meals D．club
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The future of driverless cars is fast becoming 　36． 　 reality. All the major car companies have plans to produce them-BMW, for example, have announced that they are launching a self-driving model in 2021.
But drivers of the first self-driving cars won't be able to relax and watch a video. 　37． 　 (fortune), these cars can still get 　38． 　 (confuse) about what they're "seeing", and a human driver will need to take control sometimes. This is clearly necessary-the test driver of an early Tesla car on Autopilot 　39． 　 (die) in a crash while watching a Harry Potter DVD.
Accidents such as these may cause people to reject the idea of the driverless cars altogether. 　40． 　, it's predicted that driverless cars will reduce accidents 　41． 　 90%, and so millions of deaths could be avoided in future.
Most experts agree that we are not going to have true driverless cars on our roads 　42． 　 after 2030. Even then, it won't be possible to drive anywhere you want. Driverless cars need digital maps with extreme 　43． 　 (accurate), and it's not easy to produce these for all areas, particularly in the countryside.
　44． 　 problem is that self-driving cars can be too careful. They won't take enough risks and might wait too long for clear 　45． 　 (open) in the traffic, which could cause even bigger traffic jams!
五、写作
46．假定你是红星高中学生会主席李华，你校学生会邀请了某大学外教Mr. White下周三下午到校开设讲座，现因新冠（COVID-19）疫情无法如期进行。请写一封邮件，就新的可行方案征求外教意见。内容包括：
1）致歉并说明原因；
2）提出新的应变方案。
注意：
1）词数80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr. White,
I am Li Hua, Chairman of Students' Union of Hongxing High school.
Yours,
Li Hua
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成篇完整的短文。
It all started at lunch. Someone asked Maria, a girl in my class, if she wanted a piece of pie. But because she's allergic (过敏) to wheat, she can't eat pie. Everyone was sympathetic. Then I said I was allergic to bananas. At first, everyone stared at me like I was from another planet. So, for the next ten minutes, I had to listen to all sorts of silly jokes about what bad luck I have because I can't eat bananas.
Later, when my friend Joe and I were walking home, he began to laugh about the incident at lunch. I complained that if I was going to be allergic to something, at least it should be something I hated.
"Like what?" he asked. "Well, like..." I began, making a face, "maybe broccoli (西兰花)." Joe laughed. Then he started clowning around, pretending that he was me eating broccoli. "Oh, oh," he groaned, scratching (挠痒) himself. "I itch (发痒) everywhere!"
When I got home, I smelled something delicious. "What smells so good, Mom?" I called out. My mother replied, "It's dinner. I found a new recipe I think you'll like." After setting the table, I called my younger brother and sister. We all sat down, and Mom spooned out the vegetable. When I saw what it was, shock set in, and I was speechless.
Mom said, "Luis, eat! It's broccoli with beans." I couldn't move. She said again, "Luis, eat. You know the rule."
Mom had the rule that we had to eat everything on our plate, or we couldn't have dessert, usually my favorite ice cream. I picked up my fork, took a tiny bit, and put it to my mouth. I put the fork down again. I thought of Joe's crazy act and started scratching myself—slowly at first and then faster and faster. My brother and sister looked at me suspiciously.
"Luis, what's going on?" Mom asked. I said, "Mom, I think I'm allergic to broccoli." "Really?" she asked. I nodded, and she studied me for a moment. Then she said, "I just read an article in a health magazine. It tells parents what to do when their kids show sudden allergies to broccoli. Let me get the cure."
注意：
1）续写词数应为150左右；
2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When my mother returned, she had a bowl of chocolate ice cream.
……
"Feeling better, Luis?" my mother asked.

答案解析部分
【答案】1．C
2．B
3．D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了巴尔的摩的四处博物馆。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和数字计算两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，计算，从而选出正确答案。
1．考查细节理解。根据Baltimore Museum of Art部分中的“The BMA is now throughout the multi-year project so that visitors can enjoy its outstanding selection of European and American painting and sculpture from the 17th through 20th centuries.”巴尔的摩艺术博物馆现在贯穿了这个多年的项目，这样游客们就可以欣赏到从17世纪到20世纪欧洲和美国优秀的绘画和雕塑作品。可知，法国属于欧洲，所以巴尔的摩艺术博物馆最适合对法国当代绘画感兴趣的人，故选C。
2．考查细节理解。根据Baltimore Museum of Industry部分中的“Located in an 1860s oyster cannery on a five-acre waterfront campus，the BMI offers dynamic exhibitions and hands-on activities for guests of all ages.”巴尔的摩工业博物馆位于19世纪60年代的牡蛎罐头厂，占地5英亩的滨水校园，为所有年龄的客人提供动态的展览和动手活动。可知，巴尔的摩工业博物馆是在一家生产罐头食品的工厂里建造的，故选B。
3．考查数字计算。根据American Visionary Art Museum部分中的“Tickets： ＄9.5.Free for children aged 6 and under and museum members.”门票：9.5美元。6岁以下儿童及博物馆会员免费。可知，如果一个7岁的男孩和他的父母一起去美国幻想艺术博物馆，他们应该付9.5*3= 28.5美元。故选D。
【答案】4．B
5．A
6．C
7．B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了畅销书作者James Patterson的相关事迹。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
4．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Patterson says he would read well over 100 books a year to help spark his creativity"帕特森说，在那段时间里，他每年会阅读超过100本书，以发自己的创造力。可知，Patterson通过大量的阅读来获取灵感。故选B。
5．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"Patterson grew up in the woods in Newburgh，New York with an insurance salesman father and a schoolteacher mother." 帕特森在纽约纽堡的树林中长大，父亲是保险推销员，母亲是教师；以及"it really turned me on to reading，and then I started writing "读了James Joyce的书之后，它真的让我对阅读产性了兴趣，然后我开始写作。推知，在这样一个父母工作比较稳定的家庭里，作家这个职业相对有些不切实际、不稳定。presumptuous是“不现实的，不切实际的”，之意，故选A。
6．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"But he credits his own success to his work ethic and passion.‘I also don't take myself too seriously’ he says.‘Yeah，I sell a lot of books.so what？’”但他将自己的成功归功于自己的职业道德和激情。"我也不太把自己当回事，"他说。"是啊，我卖了很多书，那又怎样？”可知，Patterson认为是自己对于写作的积极态度才取得了成功。故选C。
7．考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“Patterson grew up in the woods in Newburgh，New York with an insurance salesman father and a schoolteacher mother." 帕特森在纽约纽堡的树林中长大，父亲是保险推销员，母亲是教师。提到Patterson最开始成为作家的梦想是"不切实际的"；以及倒数第二段中的“Despite publishing his first book at age 26，Patterson didn't have a bestseller until he was 40.”虽然Patterson 在26岁时就发表了自己的第一本书，但是在他40岁的时候才成为一名畅销书作家。由此判断，Patterson成为作家的道路并不是一帆风顺的。"成为畅销书作家的艰难之路"，适合做标题。故选B。
【答案】8．D
9．A
10．A
11．C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了近海浮冰的减少，迫使北极熊在更接近石油工业活动的地区建立自己的巢穴，但是由于人们对经济利益的追求，使得人们在该地区进行油气租赁，这就威胁北极熊的生存，阿拉斯加的野生动物管理人员规定不能在北极熊洞穴1.6公里内进行工业活动，这对于保护北极熊的巢穴是有效的，但是还需要更多的努力来监控北极熊的巢穴。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，观点态度和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
8．考查推理判断。根据第一段“Polar bear mothers invest a huge amount into their cubs (幼兽), isolating themselves in dens (兽穴) dug with great effort into piles of snow to provide care through the unforgiving conditions of Arctic winter. It’s little wonder that the bears are hesitant to leave when disturbed, even when oil drilling equipment is in operation nearby.”北极熊妈妈在幼崽身上投入了大量的精力，它们留在自己努力用雪堆成的兽穴里，照顾幼崽，以此来度过北极严寒的冬天。难怪北极熊在受到骚扰时也不愿意离开，即使附近有石油钻探设备在作业。可知，第一段主要解释了北极熊妈妈不愿意离开兽穴的原因——为了保护它们的幼崽，所以作者在第一段提到北极熊妈妈是为了解释它们不愿意离开兽穴的原因，故选D。
9．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Scientists have recorded an increase in human-wildlife conflict in the area, as offshore pack ice has decreased, forcing the bear population to create their dens closer to petrol industry activity. With increased industry interest in oil and gas leasing (租赁) in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge”科学家们记录到，随着近海浮冰的减少，该地区人类与野生动物的冲突不断升级，迫使北极熊在更接近石油工业活动的地区建立自己的巢穴。行业对北极国家野生动物保护区的油气租赁兴趣增加，这是我们对北极熊支持和实施保护措施的有力证据，支持和实施保护措施，对于北极熊这个物种来说，现在已经至关重要了。可知，随着近海浮冰的减少，该地区人类与野生动物的冲突不断升级，迫使北极熊在更接近石油工业活动的地区建立自己的巢穴，但是行业对北极国家野生动物保护区的油气租赁兴趣增加，人类会在此进行油气开采，这就威胁着北极熊在石油工业活动的地区所建立的巢穴，可推断出，人们对经济利益的追求威胁着北极熊的生存，故选A。
10．考查观点态度。根据倒数第二段中的“Working with 15 years of monitoring records, and 30 years of notes concerning interactions between the industry and the bears, Larson and colleagues were able to confirm that the regulation was sufficient”通过15年的监测记录，以及30年来有关业界与北极熊互动的记录，Larson和同事们确认，这项规定已经足够了。可知，Larson认为对阿拉斯加人类活动的管理是足够用来保护北极熊的巢穴，可推知，Larson对对阿拉斯加人类活动的管理的态度是赞成的，故选A。
11．考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文讲述了近海浮冰的减少，迫使北极熊在更接近石油工业活动的地区建立自己的巢穴，但是由于人们对经济利益的追求，使得人们在该地区进行油气租赁，这就威胁北极熊的生存，阿拉斯加的野生动物管理人员规定不能在北极熊洞穴1.6公里内进行工业活动，这对于保护北极熊的巢穴是有效的，但是还需要更多的努力来监控北极熊的巢穴。所以“更多的努力来监控北极熊的巢穴”适合文章的主旨，故选C。
【答案】12．B
13．B
14．C
15．A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过航天工程师和神经外科医生与1.8万名公众的智力测试结果进行比对，发现从事专业技术工作的人员只在某些领域表现较好，由此可知每个人有每个人各自擅长的方面，而在所有方面都做的很好是很难的。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
12．考查段落大意。根据第三段“The tasks examined various aspects of cognition (认知), including planning and reasoning, working memory, attention, and emotion processing abilities. The researchers then compared the results against those previously gathered from more than 18,000 members of the British public.”这些任务检查了认知的各个方面，包括计划和推理、工作记忆、注意力和情绪处理能力。然后，研究人员将这些结果与之前从1.8万名英国公众中收集的结果进行了比较。可知，本段主要介绍了研究的方法——对比两组人的智力水平。故选B。
13．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“ ‘The difference in problem-solving speed exhibited by neurosurgeons might arise from the fast-paced nature of neurosurgery, which attracts those with a pre-existing talent for rapid processing, or it could be, though less likely, a product of training for rapid decision-making in time-critical situations,’ the researchers noted. ”研究人员指出:“神经外科医生解决问题的速度差异可能源于神经外科快节奏的本质，这吸引了那些本来就有快速处理问题天赋的人，也可能是(尽管可能性不大)在关键时间情况下进行快速决策训练的产物。”可知，神经外科医生在此方面的天赋是导致其快速处理问题的主要原因。故选B。
14．考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“The researchers said the study was, in part, carried out to lay to rest the question of whether one of the professions had the intellectual upper hand”研究人员说，这项研究在一定程度上是为了解决是否有一种职业在智力上占上风的问题。可知，这项研究意在解决这两种职业智力优势的争论。故选C。
15．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“but researchers have found aerospace engineers and neurosurgeons are not necessarily brighter than the general population.”研究人员发现，航天工程师和神经外科医生并不一定比普通人聪明，在接下来的文章内容中分别阐述了研究的内容及研究的方面；以及最后一段中的“Essentially what we think it shows is that everyone has a range of skills, some people are better at some things and other people are better at other things, and it is very difficult to be better in everything across the board.”从本质上说，我们认为这表明每个人都有各种技能，有些人擅长某些事情，有些人擅长其他事情，要在所有方面都做得更好是很难的。可推断，本文的主要目的是告知人们认知研究的结果。故选A。
【答案】16．D；17．G；18．F；19．E；20．A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了读者理解小说内容的方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空后“Often it leaves a single sharp impression to be turned over and over in the mind. After finishing the story, the reader should have something to think about: the humor of life, its ironies, or the unpredictability of human behavior. ”它通常会在脑海中留下一个清晰的印象。读完故事后，读者应该有一些东西来思考:生活的幽默，它的讽刺，或人类行为的不可预测性。由此判断，好的小说会让读者留下深刻的印象，甚至能让读者感同身受。 D. A good short story tries to give the reader a sense of the actual experience. “一个好的短篇小说试图给读者一种实际经历的感觉。”起到引起下文的作用，符合语境。故选D。
17．根据空后提到两种理解文章内容的方法的第一种——通过情节理解小说内容，由此判断该段的第一句应总起介绍理解小说内容的方法。 G. In order to read a short story with full understanding, the reader must approach the content on two levels. “为了充分理解一篇短篇小说，读者必须从两个层面入手。”总起提到理解小说内容的两个层面，符合语境，故选G。
18．根据空前“In Hemingway’s story, The Old Man and the Sea, however, we must approach the content on another level.”然而，在海明威的故事《老人与海》中，我们必须从另一个层面来探讨内容。该段利用《老人与海》的例子介绍了理解小说内容的另一个层面，由《老人与海》的相关内容可知，小说提到了年轻人和老年人的需求和渴望。 F. The impact of the story comes from the insight it gives us into the needs and desires of youth and old age. “这个故事的影响在于它让我们洞察到年轻人和老年人的需求和欲望。”该项具体提到了小说相关内容，符合语境，故选F。
19．根据空前“The next step is to identify the device by which the author comments on this theme. ”下一步是确定作者评论这个主题的方式。结合第二段及第三段内容可知，这两段讲述了读者理解小说内容的方式，因此在该段结尾应提到读者理解小说内容的程度。 E. Finally, the reader should be able to explain the insights which the author has given into the theme. “最后，读者应该能够解释作者对主题的见解。”该项是读者理解小说内容的最终结果，符合语境，故选E。
20．根据空后“Style grows out of the writer’s own personality and can be seen in the choice of words and phrases, the arrangement of sentences, the rhythm and tone.”风格来源于作者自身的个性，可以从遣词造句、句子安排、节奏和语气的选择中看出。由此判断空处应提到读者需要关注小说的风格。 A. They must look for style and structure. “他们必须寻找风格和结构。”起到引起下文的作用，符合语境，故选A。
【答案】21．B；22．A；23．C；24．D；25．A；26．B；27．B；28．D；29．A；30．C；31．C；32．D；33．B；34．D；35．A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了疫情封锁期间，五年级的学生们不需要上网课，老师不知在此期间可以让学生们做什么，因为学生们都很喜欢作者写的故事，所以老师向作者寻求意见。作者为此创办了每周一次的读书俱乐部，给孩子们读书，学生们在读书期间的表现也越来越好，由刚开始不和作者互动，到后来和作者更多地互动，同时作者也在读书期间，沉浸其中，享受美好时光，忘记其他事情。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，介词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：她正在为那些不上网课的学生而苦恼，但她的学生都很喜欢我写的书中的故事。A. talking“谈论/”；B. struggling“挣扎”；C. working“工作”；D. arguing“争论”。根据空后“with students not attending online class”可知，疫情封锁期间，学生们不用上网课，所以一位五年级学生的老师正在为此感到很挣扎，不知在此期间让学生们做什么，故选B。
22．句意：所以她问我有没有什么意见。A. ideas“主意，意见”；B. doubts“怀疑”；C. comments“评论”；D. stories“故事”。根据上文“a fifth-grade teacher contacted me asking for help”和“her students all loved the story in my book”可知，这位五年级学生的老师来找作者寻求帮助，因为她的学生在疫情封锁期间不上课，老师不知道在此期间让学生做什么，但是学生们都喜欢作者书中的故事，所以她来问作者是否能给她一些意见。故选A。
23．句意：我的第一反应是我要创办每周一次的读书俱乐部，给学生们读书。A. question“问题”；B. task“任务”；C. reaction“反应”；D. worry“担心”。根据语境可知，当老师向作者寻求意见时，作者的第一反应就是要创办读书俱乐部，给孩子们读书，故选C。
24．句意：我的第一反应是我要创办每周一次的读书俱乐部，给学生们读书。A. yearly“每年的”；B. monthly“每月的”；C. daily“每日的”；D. weekly“每周的”。根据下文“The following week, a few more kids came”和“This club has quickly become the 14 of my week.”可知，作者给学生们每周读一次书，所以此处指每周一次的读书俱乐部，故选D。
25．句意：这个想法是受Sandberg夫人的启发——我在美国的第一位老师。A. inspired“赋予灵感，启发”；B. encouraged“鼓励”；C. approved“赞成”；D. confirmed“确认”。根据语境可知，作者要创办每周一次的读书俱乐部，给学生们读书，这一想法是受Sandberg夫人的启发，故选A。
26．句意：尽管有语言障碍，我还是立刻爱上了学校。A. confusion“困惑”；B. barrier“障碍”；C. advantage“好处，优势”；D. requirement“要求”。根据上文“When I moved to America from Iran in 1972, I spoke seven words of English.”可知，当作者1972年从伊朗移民到美国时，作者只会说七个英语单词，所以说作者有语言障碍，故选B。
27．句意：一天中我最喜欢的时光是午饭后，Sandberg太太给我们读书。A. before“在……之前”；B. after“在……之后”；C. during“在……期间”；D. over“在……上面”。根据下文“our post-lunch reading hour”可知，Sandberg太太在午饭后给学生们读书，故选B。
28．句意：她亲切的声音把我带到了一个神奇的地方，在那里动物们可以说话，孩子们可以进行伟大的冒险。A. dangerous“危险的”；B. diverse“多样的”；C. horrified“惊骇的”；D. magical“神奇的”。根据空后“places where animals could talk and where kids had grand adventures”可知，Sandberg太太读书时，作者感觉到了一个地方，在这个地方，动物们可以说话，孩子们可以进行伟大的冒险，所以说这是个神奇的地方，故选D。
29．句意：第一节课，五个孩子到场。A. showed up“露面，到场”；B. moved out“搬出”；C. dropped out“退出”；D. gave up“放弃”。根据下文“I read to them”可知，作者给这五个孩子读书，所以可以得知，第一节课，这五个孩子到场了，故选A。
30．句意：我读书给他们听，试着和他们交谈。A. learn“学习”；B. avoid“避免”；C. start“开始”；D. stop“停下来”。根据下文“Whenever I asked a question”可知，作者问学生们问题，所以可以推断出，作者开始试着和孩子们交谈，故选C。
31．句意：每当我问一个问题，学生们完全沉默。A. chaos“混乱”；B. enjoyment“享受”；C. silence“沉默”；D. agreement“同意”。根据下文“The following week, a few more kids came; they 12 started responding, but with one-word answers.”可知，在第二周作者给孩子们讲故事时，当作者问他们问题时，学生们开始做出回答，但是只说一个字，由此可以推断出，第一周上课的时候，当作者问学生问题时，学生们保持沉默，故选C。
32．句意：接下来的一周，又来了几个孩子，他们开始紧张地回答，但只回答一个字。A. immediately“立即”；B. skillfully“巧妙地”；C. politely“礼貌地”；D. nervously“紧张地”。根据空后“started responding, but with one-word answers”和上文“Whenever I asked a question, I was met with complete 11 .”可知，第一周上课时，同学们不回答作者的问题，而第二周时，学生们紧张地开始做出回答，但也只说一个字，故选D。
33．句意：下一节课，他们给出了更长的答案，更多的学生参与了对话。A. accurate“精准的”；B. longer“更长的”；C. complicated“复杂的”；D. simpler“更简单的”。根据空后“answers and more students participated in the conversations.”和上文“but with one-word answers”可知，第二周学生们开始回答作者的问题，但只说一个字，到了第三周时，同学们表现越来越好，所以给出的答案更长，故选B。
34．句意：这个俱乐部很快就成了我每周的娱乐。A. recreation“娱乐”；B. fear“害怕”；C. burden“负担”；D. highlight“最好的部分”。根据下文“I have gotten to know the students and grown fond of every single one of them. Reading out loud forces me to forget everything else for an hour.”可知，作者开始了解学生们，并且逐渐喜欢上他们每一个人，且作者在给学生们大声朗读时，会忘记其他事情，所以说，这个读书俱乐部成为作者每周的娱乐，故选D。
35．句意：我最近在想，当时我们午餐后的阅读时间，是否也给了Sandberg太太一个机会，让她忘记自己的世界。A. world“世界”；B. students“学生”；C. meals“饭”；D. club“俱乐部”。根据上文“Reading out loud forces me to forget everything else for an hour”可知，作者给孩子们读书时，她会沉浸其中，忘记其他事情，可推断作者在想，当初Sandberg太太给作者和同学们读书时，是否她也沉浸其中，忘记自己世界的一些事情，故选A。
【答案】36．a；37．Unfortunately；38．confused；39．died；40．However；41．by；42．until；43．accuracy；44．Another；45．openings
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了无人驾驶汽车迅速发展，将成为现实，但是无人驾驶也存在一些问题。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及冠词，副词，形容词，时态，介词，连词，名词，代词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：无人驾驶汽车正迅速发展将成为现实。reality是可数名词，意为“现实”，作宾语，且此处表示“一个现实”应用冠词来修饰，reality发音不是以元音音素开头的，应用a，故填a。
37．句意：不幸的是，这些车还是会搞不清楚它们“看到”了什么，有时候还是需要人类司机控制一下。空处位于句首，修饰后面整个句子，应用副词形式，且根据句意可知，此处表示“不幸的是”，应用副词unfortunately，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填Unfortunately。
38．句意：不幸的是，这些车还是会搞不清楚它们“看到”了什么，有时候还是需要人类司机控制一下。空前的get为系动词，所以空处应用形容词作表语，表示“困惑的”，故填confused。
39．句意：这显然是必要的，早期特斯拉汽车的自动驾驶测试驾驶员，在车辆自动驾驶时观看哈利波特光盘，于是发生车祸，导致死亡。分析句子结构可知，“the test driver of an early Tesla car on Autopilot”为主语，空处在主语后面做谓语，句子描述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，且主语和动词die二者之间是主动关系，故填died。
40．句意：然而，据预测，无人驾驶汽车将减少90%的事故，因此在未来可以避免发生数以百万计的死亡。空前句子“Accidents such as these may cause people to reject the idea of the driverless cars altogether”和空后句子是转折关系，空处位于句首，和主句用逗号隔开，应用副词however，表示“然而”，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填However。
41．句意：然而，据预测，无人驾驶汽车将减少90%的事故，因此在未来可以避免发生数以百万计的死亡。reduce by...固定短语，“减少了……”，故填by。
42．句意：大多数专家一致认为，在2030年之后，我们的道路上才会出现真正的无人驾驶汽车。not...until...，固定短语，“直到……才”，故填until。
43．句意：无人驾驶汽车需要极其精确的数字地图，要在所有地区制作这些地图并不容易，尤其是在农村地区。此处应用名词作介词with的宾语，accuracy“精确”，不可数名词，故填accuracy。
44．句意：另一个问题是，自动驾驶汽车十分谨慎。上文提到了无人驾驶的一个问题，即“Even then, it won’t be possible to drive anywhere you want.”即使那样，你也不可能开车去任何地方。此处指“另一个问题”，应用不定代词another，修饰名词problem，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填Another。
45．句意：它们不会冒太大的风险，它们可能会为了畅通的交通开放等待很长时间，这可能会导致更大的交通堵塞！此处应用名词opening作介词for的宾语，意为“开放”，且opening为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用复数形式，故填openings。
46．【答案】Dear Mr. White.
I am Li Hua. Chairman of Shudents' Union of Hongxing High school. We are disappointed and particularly sorry to tell you that the lecture scheduled for next Wednesday afternoon cannot take place as planned, due to concerns over the ongoing developments of the COVID-19 epidemic. I am writing to consult you about a workable solution.
To safeguard the health of everyone involved, we have two alternative plans in mind. We can switch to on -line conferencing platform so that we will still be able to listen to your much-anticipated lecture next Wednesday. Or we can reschedule the lecture for a later date until further notice. Could you please tell us which option suits you best?
We regret any inconvenience caused and look forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以红星高中学生会主席李华的身份 写一封邮件，就新的可行方案征求外教意见。 写作背景： 你校学生会邀请了某大学外教Mr. White下周三下午到校开设讲座，现因新冠（COVID-19）疫情无法如期进行。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：
1）致歉并说明原因；2）提出新的应变方案。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：We are disappointed and particularly sorry to tell you that the lecture scheduled for next Wednesday afternoon cannot take place as planned, due to concerns over the ongoing developments of the COVID-19 epidemic. 运用了不定式作原因状语，宾语从句；I am writing to consult you about a workable solution.运用了不定式作目的状语；We can switch to on -line conferencing platform so that we will still be able to listen to your much-anticipated lecture next Wednesday. 运用了目的状语从句；Could you please tell us which option suits you best?运用了宾语从句。
47．【答案】When my mother returned, she had a bowl of chocolate ice cream. What a great deal—I faked an allergy and got to skip right to dessert! My brother and sister were mad. They shot me angry, jealous looks. I was trying to act like I was really sick, so I ate the ice cream slowly. My mother asked, "How are you feeling? Do you need more? The article suggests that two dishes may be necessary." Two dishes, I thought. This is really working out great! "Yes," I answered, "I'm still feeling a little itchy." I ate my second bowl rather quickly, before my mother could change her mind.
"Feeling better, Luis?" my mother asked. "Definitely!" I said with a big grin. Hearing that my mom left the room. I figured she was getting dessert for my brother and sister, who were about finishing their broccoli on their plate. I glanced at them, wondering whether they had seen through my trick. After a while, my mom returned, smiling. "Well, Luis," she said, "since the cure worked, I guess now you can eat your dinner." She triumphantly set down a huge plate of broccoli in front of me. Everyone laughed, everyone but me!
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者不喜欢吃西兰花，假装过敏，骗过妈妈，吃了两个冰淇淋，最后被妈妈戳穿诡计的故事。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“当我妈妈回来时，她拿来一碗巧克力冰淇淋。”可知，第一段可描写作者假装过敏，不吃西兰花，直接吃冰淇淋时作者，妈妈和兄弟姐妹不同的反应。②由第二段首句内容“‘感觉好点了吗？路易斯。’我妈妈问。”可知，第二段可描写作者担心被看穿，妈妈戳穿作者的诡计，让作者继续吃西兰花的经过。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如： I was trying to act like I was really sick, so I ate the ice cream slowly. 运用了比较状语从句，因果并列句； The article suggests that two dishes may be necessary.运用了宾语从句； I ate my second bowl rather quickly, before my mother could change her mind.运用了时间状语从句；Hearing that my mom left the room. I figured she was getting dessert for my brother and sister, who were about finishing their broccoli on their plate.运用了现在分词作状语，宾语从句，非限制性定语从句； I glanced at them, wondering whether they had seen through my trick. 运用了现在分词作状语，宾语从句；since the cure worked, I guess now you can eat your dinner.运用了原因状语从句。