2022届高考英语一轮复习语法专题6：非谓语动词讲义

高中英语语法专题6：非谓语动词

一．概述

1. 简单句、并列句和复合句（参考第一章）

2. 非谓语动词的定义

3. 非谓语动词都有哪些

4. 非谓语动词与谓语动词怎么区分

二．非谓语动词在句子中的作用

非谓语动词在句子中的作用一览表：

三．做题的时候应该怎样填入正确的非谓语动词

1. 固定搭配

常见的固定搭配有哪些？

2. 逻辑关系

①什么是逻辑主语？

②逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间的关系如何影响非谓语动词的使用？

四．非谓动词练习题

1. He told Jim to stop ___________ (make) a noise.

2. He tried all efforts _________ (persuade) Jim __________ (help) him, but failed.

3. He particularly enjoyed ___________ (play) a trick on his classmates.

4. It is important for us _______ (study) English well.

5. These citizens asked the government __________ (improve) the public transport system.

6. Volunteering gives you a chance _______ (change) lives, including your own.

7. He is considering____________ (invent) a new kind of software that can be applied to the cell phone Android operating system.

8. I’m looking forward to __________ (pay) a visit to my dream university.

9. Missing the bus means__________ (wait) for another an hour.

10. I’m sorry and I take back what I have said. I didn’t mean ________ (hurt) you. Please accept my apology.

11. Nowadays, the majority of public places in China don’t allow people_________ (smoke).

12. I couldn’t wait ________ (open) the box as soon as I received it.

13. I usually spend several minutes ________ (check) my test paper before it is handed in.

14. The missing boy was seen _________ (play) near the river late in the afternoon.

15. A young kid who wore a black shirt was caught _______ (steal) money in a supermarket.

16. ______ (make) our school look more beautiful, we are going to plant some willow trees.

17. I couldn’t help _______ (cry) when I came across one of my old friends whom I haven’t seen for 20 years.

18. One day when I was cycling on the street, I saw a robbery and I stopped ______ (call) the police.

19. The classroom was so noisy that the professor had to raise his voice ______ (make) himself _______ (hear) clearly.

20. Lucy and her sister were practicing _______ (type) with computer when their parents came back home.

21. I saw several men ______ (steal) something in a supermarket, which made me ______ (feel) nervous.

22. _______ (finish) his homework ahead of time, Tom got up much earlier than before.

23. More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced ______ (raise) people’s concern over food safety.

24. With Father’s Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank _____ (buy) presents for my father.

做完上面的24道题目，你有没有发现这些题目之中存在的共性？你看出了什么解题的思路？

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

请继续完成下面的题目，观察一下还能继续使用刚才的策略解题吗？如果不能，那你的解题思路是什么？

25. A study ______ (publish) in 2015 showed that running could reduce the risk of heart disease.

26. The teacher sat on the grass, _______ (surround) by several students, ______ (talk) happily.

27. A number of parents have to leave their hometown and work in the city, ______ (leave) their children at home alone.

28. With the heavy rain ________ (approach), all people rushed away to find a shelter.

29. It took me ten minutes _______ (figure) out the difficult question _______ (raise) by a little girl _______ (sit) by the window.

30. She felt quite angry, ______ (glare) at the man for a while.

31. When _______ (drive) on the highway, you mustn’t talk to anybody or play your phone.

32. _______ (find) the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.

33. The rare fish, _______ (save) from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea.

34. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always ______ (say) the same thing.

35. The flowers her friend gave him will die unless _______ (water) every day.

36. If _____ (give) more time, these young boys will perform better in next year’s competition.

37. The temple, ______ (lie) among mountains, attracts a lot of visitors every year.

38. _________ (move) by the story, the man made up his mind never to commit crimes any more.

39. This organization mainly serves people _________ (live) in Beijing and cities around Beijing.

40. The survey _______ (conduct) by experts shows that second-hand smoking does greater harm to people.

41. ________ (see) nobody home, the visitor stuck a note on the door and left.

42. ________ (see) from the top of the hill, our house looks like as a match box

43. Though _______ (warn) of the danger, he still went skating on the thin ice.

44. Do you like the magazine _________ (publish) last week?

45. ________ (look) at the man for several minutes, the woman left without a word.

46. The issue __________ (discuss) at the meeting last week is of great importance.

47. The office lady had her purse stolen when _________ (take) the subway back to her apartment.

48. When __________ (walk) on the street, I came across an old friend of mine.

49. ________ (face) with the traffic jams and serious pollution, we recently have a heated discussion in our class.

50. The hero rescued the victims of the crime, _________ (face) the murderer directly and showing an air of bravery and justice.

51. All of us have difficulty in figuring out the puzzling question _________ (raise) by a six-year-old boy.

52.___________ (dress) in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.

53. Lucy is quite easy to recognize as she is the only one of those women _______ (dress) in red.

54. Lucy is quite easy to recognize as she is the only one of those women _______ (wear) a red coat.

55. When ___________ (offer) help, one often says “Thank you.” or “It’s kind of you.”

56. My Chinese teacher always tells jokes in class, ________ (fill) the classroom with laughter.

57. Have you ever read the book ________ (write) by Lawrence? It’s interesting.

58. Can you show me the photos ________ (take) in Beijing last Sunday?

59. ________ (take) on time and in proper amount, the medicine is quite effective.

60. _______ (offer) an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.

61. _____ (gather) around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.

62. Mr. Jones, a professor______ (know) for his excellent lectures, is popular with his students.

63. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself _____ (remind) of his own dreams.

现在，你总结出后半部分题目存在的共性了吗？

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

接下来，我们一起来看几个从课文中摘抄出来的句子。每个句子中黑体加粗的单词在句子中充当什么成分？标下划线的单词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词？这样子变化的依据是什么？

1. At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls, she chose to study medicine. “Why should girls learn so much? Finding a good husband should be their final goal!” her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees.

2. Eight years later, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College with the Wenhai Scholarship, the highest prize given to graduates.

3. Within six months, she was named a chief resident physician, a position that usually took four years to achieve.

4. She greatly impressed her American colleagues, who invited her to stay. Dr. Lin, however, rejected the offer. She wanted to serve the woman and children at home.

5. She charged very low fees to treat patients and often reduced costs for poor patients. At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.

6. Many of the people living here are from Mexico or Central America. In fact, an art movement called the “Mission School” started here.

7. Over 300,000 people came from all over the world to seek their fortune, and San Francisco quickly became a big city.

8. Looking up at the stars, people have always wanted to learn more about space, and scientists work hard to find answers. They make vehicles to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe.

9. Oliver believes that with a million-pound bank note a man could live a month in London. His brother Roderick doubts it. They see a poor young man walking outside their house.

10. Henry is walking along the street holding the bank note in his hand. His coat is worn in several places.

最后，我们通过往年的高考真题加深一下非谓语动词的判断方法和解题思路：

2016年全国卷：

Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top   61   (attract).

So it was a great honor to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I   62   (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre center. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be   63   (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back    64    my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,   65   I was the first Western TV reporter   66    (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include   67   (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.

On my recent visit, I help a lovely three-month-old twin that had been rejected by   68   (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few   69   (day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed,   70   other is with mum-she never suspects.

参考解析

1.making    2.to persuade; to help    3.playing    4.to study    5.to improve

6.to change    7.inventing    8.paying    9.waiting    10.to hurt

11.to smoke    12.to open    13.checking    14.playing    15.stealing

16.To make    17.crying    18.to call    19.to make; heard    20.typing

21.stealing; feel    22.To finish    23.to raise    24.to buy

在学习过非谓语动词的定义和用法之后，高考中考查的核心是选用正确的非谓语动词。前面23道题解题的技巧在于固定搭配，可以省去分析句子成分的过程。

25.published    26.surrounded; talking    27.leaving    28.approaching    29.to figure; raised; sitting    30.glaring    31.driving    32.Finding    33.saved    34.saying    35.watered

36.given    37.lying    38.moved    39.living    40.conducted    41.Seeing    42. Seen

43.warned    44.published    45.Looking    46.discussed    47. taking    48.walking

49.Faced    50.facing    51.raised    52.Dressed    53.dressed    54.wearing    55.offered    56.filling    57.written    58.taken    59.Taking    60.Offered    61.Gathering    62.known    63.reminded

25题到63题在解题过程过我们能得出一个结论：当逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间为主动关系时，非谓语动词用-ing形式表主动或表进行；当逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间为被动关系时，非谓语动词用-ed形式表被动或表完成。

高考真题答案：

61.attraction    62.was allowed    63.officially    64.to    65.when

66.permitted    67.introducing    68.its    69.days    70.the