2022年中考英语复习训练题(含解析)---介词
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这是一份2022年中考英语复习训练题(含解析)---介词,共13页。
2022年中考英语复习新题速递之介词(2022年5月)一.选择题(共15小题)1.(2022•成都模拟)2022 Beijing﹣Zhangjiakou Winter Olympic Games ended February 20th with a great success.( )A.in B.at C.on2.(2022春•广陵区期中)Japan is _____ the east of Asia(亚洲) and ____ the east of China.( )A.in,to B.to,to C.to,on D.in,in3.(2022•福州模拟)﹣﹣ Everyone in my family can play table tennis,_________ Tommy.﹣﹣Really?He is only five years old!( )A.including B.except C.beside4.(2022•射洪市校级模拟)All the cups are made of glass ________ the black one.It's made of metal.( )A.besides B.except C.beside D.with5.(2022春•兴化市期中)﹣ It's a quarter one.Half an hour later,let's go fishing.﹣ You mean we'll go fishing at a quarter two?( )A.to;past B.to;to C.past;to D.past;past6.(2022春•黄石期中)They are talking ______ the movie ______ the phone.( )A.to;by B.about;on C.about;by D.to;on7.(2022春•庐江县期中)The rich man provided the poor families much food after the earthquake.( )A.for B.to C.with D.in8.(2022春•灌阳县期中)Can you tell me the way _______Wangfujing Dajie?.( )A.of B.on C.to9.(2022春•大英县校级期中)My grandpa is strict ____me,but I think we must follow the rules.( )A.on B.to C.with D.at10.(2022春•简阳市期中)If you are in trouble,I will try my best to help you _________ thinking twice.Because you are my best friend.( )A.without B.after C.with11.(2022春•连云港期中)Boys,there is a bridge____the river.Be careful when you go____it.( )A.across;over B.cross;over C.over;cross D.over;across12.(2022春•闵行区校级期中)Simon would like to stay at home and watch TV a rainy day.( )A.in B.on C.at D.to13.(2022春•江阴市期中)The old lady sat______me,so I could see the happiness clearly on her face.( )A.between B.opposite C.outside D.behind14.(2022春•泗阳县期中)﹣ How do you often keep in touch your foreign friends?﹣ writing emails,of course.( )A.with;With B.with;By C.by;At D.by;From15.(2022•伊宁市模拟)John got a good result in the math exam.He is very thankful me my help.( )A.to;for B.for;to C.for;for D.to;to
2022年中考英语复习新题速递之介词(2022年5月)参考答案与试题解析一.选择题(共15小题)1.(2022•成都模拟)2022 Beijing﹣Zhangjiakou Winter Olympic Games ended February 20th with a great success.( )A.in B.at C.on【考点】时间介词.菁优网版权所有【分析】2022年北京张家口冬奥会于2月20日圆满结束。【解答】in用在年、月、上下午的前面;at用于具体的时刻前面;on用于具体的某一天或具体某一天的上午,下午或晚上。根据February 20th"2月20日"可知,在具体某一天用介词on。故选:C。【点评】介词这个知识点很广泛,有一些固定用法,需要日常积累,结合语境选择正确介词完成习题。2.(2022春•广陵区期中)Japan is _____ the east of Asia(亚洲) and ____ the east of China.( )A.in,to B.to,to C.to,on D.in,in【考点】方位介词.菁优网版权所有【分析】日本位于亚洲东部和中国东部。【解答】in表示在范围之内;to表示不接壤;on表示相邻。日本位于亚洲范围之内的东部,故空一应用in;日本和中国隔海相望,不接壤,故空二应用to。故选:A。【点评】正确掌握方位介词的含义,结合句意和选项得出正确答案。3.(2022•福州模拟)﹣﹣ Everyone in my family can play table tennis,_________ Tommy.﹣﹣Really?He is only five years old!( )A.including B.except C.beside【考点】范围介词.菁优网版权所有【分析】﹣我家里每个人都会玩乒乓球,包括汤米。﹣真的吗?他才五岁!【解答】including包括;except除去;beside在……旁边。根据答语"Really?He is only five years old!"(﹣真的吗?他才五岁!)可知,应是包合在内。故选:A。【点评】学习中注意掌握范围介词的正确用法,是解答本题关键。4.(2022•射洪市校级模拟)All the cups are made of glass ________ the black one.It's made of metal.( )A.besides B.except C.beside D.with【考点】范围介词.菁优网版权所有【分析】除了黑色的杯子外,所有的杯子都是玻璃做的。它是金属做的。【解答】besides除……之外(还);except除……之外(不包括);beside在旁边;with和……一起。根据"所有的杯子都是玻璃做的。黑色杯子是金属做的。"可知,不包括黑色杯子在内,故空处应是"除……之外(不包括)",故应用except。故选:B。【点评】正确掌握各个介词的含义,结合句意和选项得出正确答案。5.(2022春•兴化市期中)﹣ It's a quarter one.Half an hour later,let's go fishing.﹣ You mean we'll go fishing at a quarter two?( )A.to;past B.to;to C.past;to D.past;past【考点】常用介词的辨析.菁优网版权所有【分析】﹣﹣﹣现在是一点十五分。半小时后我们去钓鱼吧。﹣﹣﹣你的意思是我们一点四十五去钓鱼吗?【解答】past晚于,在......之后;to差,到;根据Half an hour later,let's go fishing,可知现在一点十五分,一点四十五分去钓鱼;quarter表示"一刻钟,十五分钟",一点十五分的表达形式是a quarter past one,一点四十五(即差一刻钟两点)的表达形式是a quarter to two。故选:C。【点评】注意介词用法,结合语境,选择正确答案。6.(2022春•黄石期中)They are talking ______ the movie ______ the phone.( )A.to;by B.about;on C.about;by D.to;on【考点】常用介词的辨析.菁优网版权所有【分析】他们正在电话里谈论这部电影。【解答】talk to sb.对某人讲,talk about sth.谈论某事;根据题干,他们在谈论这部电影,用介词about;on在上面,by通过某种方式,on the phone是固定搭配,意为"在电话里"。故选:B。【点评】注意介词用法,结合语境,选择正确答案。7.(2022春•庐江县期中)The rich man provided the poor families much food after the earthquake.( )A.for B.to C.with D.in【考点】常用介词的辨析.菁优网版权所有【分析】这个有钱人在地震后给贫穷的家庭提供很多食物。【解答】for为了;to向;with和......一起;in在里面;provide的结构为provide sb.with sth.或provide sth.for sb.。故选:C。【点评】掌握固定词组,注意介词用法,结合语境,选择正确答案。8.(2022春•灌阳县期中)Can you tell me the way _______Wangfujing Dajie?.( )A.of B.on C.to【考点】常用介词的辨析.菁优网版权所有【分析】你能告诉我去王府井大街的路吗?【解答】of......的;on在上面;to向;the way of ......的方法;the way to some place去某地的路;根据句意可知,是问去王府井大街的路。故选:C。【点评】注意介词用法,结合语境,选择正确答案。9.(2022春•大英县校级期中)My grandpa is strict ____me,but I think we must follow the rules.( )A.on B.to C.with D.at【考点】常用介词的辨析.菁优网版权所有【分析】我爷爷对我很严格,但我认为我们应该遵守规则。【解答】on在上面;to向;with一起;at在某地或某时刻;be strict with sb.是固定搭配,意为"对某人严格"。故选:C。【点评】掌握固定词组,注意介词用法,结合语境,选择正确答案。10.(2022春•简阳市期中)If you are in trouble,I will try my best to help you _________ thinking twice.Because you are my best friend.( )A.without B.after C.with【考点】常用介词的辨析.菁优网版权所有【分析】如果你遇到困难,我会毫不犹豫尽最大努力帮助你。因为你是我最好的朋友。【解答】without没有;after在之后;with有;根据句意,因为你是我最好的朋友,可知我会毫不犹豫尽最大努力帮你,即没有经过三思就帮你,故此处介词用without,表示"没有"。故选:A。【点评】注意介词用法,结合语境,选择正确答案。11.(2022春•连云港期中)Boys,there is a bridge____the river.Be careful when you go____it.( )A.across;over B.cross;over C.over;cross D.over;across【考点】常用介词的辨析.菁优网版权所有【分析】孩子们,河上有一座桥。你们过桥时要小心。【解答】across穿过,介词;over在上方;cross穿过,动词;句中有系动词is,不能再用动词cross,排除B;桥不与河接触,在河的正上方,而且是越过河的,应该用over,排除A;根据when you go____it,可知此处应填介词,排除C。故选:D。【点评】本题考查介词的用法,在熟知所供词的含义基础上,根据句意,从而判断出正确答案。12.(2022春•闵行区校级期中)Simon would like to stay at home and watch TV a rainy day.( )A.in B.on C.at D.to【考点】时间介词.菁优网版权所有【分析】西蒙想在下雨天呆在家里看电视。【解答】in用在年、月、上下午的前面;on用于具体的某一天或具体某一天的上午,下午或晚上;at用于具体的时刻前面;to朝向。根据a rainy day"一个下雨天"可知,在具体某一天用介词on。故选:B。【点评】介词这个知识点很广泛,有一些固定用法,需要日常积累,结合语境选择正确介词完成习题。13.(2022春•江阴市期中)The old lady sat______me,so I could see the happiness clearly on her face.( )A.between B.opposite C.outside D.behind【考点】常用介词的辨析.菁优网版权所有【分析】这个老妇人坐在我对面,所以我能清楚地看到她脸上的幸福。【解答】between在两者之间;opposite在......对面;outside外面;behind在后面;根据句意,我能清楚地看到她脸上的幸福,可知她坐在我对面。故选:B。【点评】注意介词用法,结合语境,选择正确答案。14.(2022春•泗阳县期中)﹣ How do you often keep in touch your foreign friends?﹣ writing emails,of course.( )A.with;With B.with;By C.by;At D.by;From【考点】常用介词的辨析.菁优网版权所有【分析】﹣﹣你常常怎样和你的外国朋友保持联系?﹣﹣当然是通过写电邮。【解答】with一起,by通过某种方式,at在某地或某时刻,from来自;keep in touch with是固定搭配,意为"和某人保持联系",第一空填with;根据句意可知,是通过写电邮保持联系,故第二空填by,表示"通过某种方式"。故选:B。【点评】注意介词用法,结合语境,选择正确答案。15.(2022•伊宁市模拟)John got a good result in the math exam.He is very thankful me my help.( )A.to;for B.for;to C.for;for D.to;to【考点】常用介词的辨析.菁优网版权所有【分析】约翰数学考试成绩很好。他非常感谢我的帮助。【解答】to向,for为了;be thankful to sb.是固定搭配,意为"感谢某人",故第一空填to;为某事感谢,第二空填for,表示"为了"。故选:A。【点评】注意介词用法,结合语境,选择正确答案。
考点卡片1.时间介词【概念】1.介词:介词是一种虚词,是英语中最活跃的词类之一,也是中考中经常涉及的考点,其用法变化多样.英语里大部分用语都是由介词和其他词构成的,因此掌握好介词是学好英语的关键之一.2.介词的功能:介词不能单独使用,必须和名词、代词或动名词构成介词短语,在句中做表语,定语、状语、宾语补足语等成分.中考对介词的考查主要是介词的基本用法和习惯搭配.(1)作表语Our English teacher is from Australia.我们的英语老师来自澳大利亚.(2)作定语 The girl in red is my sister.穿红色衣服的那个女孩是我的妹妹.(3)作状语The girl will be back in two hours.这位姑娘过两个小时回来.(4)作宾语补足语Help yourself to some fish.请吃些鱼.【时间介词的辨析】(1)表时间的介词①at,in onat 表示时间点或固定用法.例如:at six o'clock,at noon,at midnight.in 表示在某个世纪,某年,某月,某个季节以及早晨,上午,下午,晚上.例如:in the nineteenth century,in 2002,in May,in winter,in the morning等.on 表示特定的日子,具体的某一天,星期,节日,某一天的上午,下午,晚上等.例如:on Monday,on July 1st,on Sunday morning等.②since,after,for由since和after 引导的词组都可表示从过去某一点开始的时段,但since词组表示的时段一直延续到说话的时刻,因而往往要与现在完成时连用.而after词组所表示的时段纯系过去,因而要与一般过去时连用.for引导一段时间,可于多种时态连用,但必须是延续性动词.例如:I haven't heard from him since last summer.自从去年夏天,我再也没有收到他的信.After five days the boy came back.五天后,这男孩回来了.We have an art lesson for two hours in the afternoon.我们下午有节美术课要上两个小时.I have had this bike for three years.我买这辆自行车三年了.③in,afterIn与将来时态连用时,表示"过多长时间以后"的意思,后面跟表示一段时间的词语.After与将来时态连用时,后面只能跟表示时间点的词语.After与过去时态连用时,后面才能跟表示一段时间的词语.例如:He will be back in two months.他在两个月后回来.He will arrive after four o'clock.四点钟后,他到达.He returned after a month.一个月后,他回来了.2.方位介词【地点介词的辨析】表示地点的介词①at,in,onat 一般指小地方;in一般指大地方或某个范围之内;on往往表示"在某个物体的表面".例如:He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.他昨天到达上海.They arrived at a small village before dark.他们在天黑前到达一个小村庄.There is a big hole in the wall.墙上有一个大洞.The teacher put up a picture on the wall.老师把一幅画挂在墙上.②over,above,onover,on和above都可表示"在…上面",但具体含义不同.over表示位置高于某物,在某物的正上方,其反义词是under. above也表示位置高于某物,但不一定在正上方,其反义词是below.On指两个物体表面接触,一个在另一的上面.例如:There is a bridge over the river.河上有一架桥.We flew above the clouds.我们飞越云层.They put some flowers on the teacher's desk.他们把一些花放在讲桌上.③across,throughacross和through均可表示"从这一边到另一边",但用法不同.Across的含义与on有关,表示动作在某一物体的表面进行.Through的含义与in有关,表示动作是在三维空间进行.例如:The dog ran across the grass.狗跑过草地.The boy swam across the river.那男孩游过河.They walked through the forest.他们穿过森林.④in front of,in the front ofin front of 表示"在某人或某物的前面",在某个范围以外;in the front of 表示"在…的前部",在某个范围以内.例如:There are some tall trees in front of the building.在大楼前有一些高树.The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom.老师坐在教室前面.3.范围介词【范围介词】表示范围的介词in,to,on:①in表示在某地范围之内.例:Shanghai is/lies in the east of China.上海在中国的东部. ②to表示在某地范围之外.例:Japan is/lies to the east of China.日本位于中国的东面. ③on表示与某地相邻或接壤.例如:Mongolia is/lies on the north of China.蒙古国位于中国北边.4.常用介词的辨析【常用介词的辨析】一、表示计量的介词:at,for,by1.at表示"以…速度""以…价格".如: It flies at about 900 kilometers a hour.它以每小时900公里的速度飞行.2.for表示"用…交换,以…为代价".如: He sold his car for 500 dollars.他以五百元把车卖了.二、表示材料的介词:of,from,in1.of成品仍可看出原料.如:This box is made of paper.这个盒子是纸做的.2.from成品已看不出原料.如:Wine is made from grapes.葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的.3.in表示用某种材料或语言.如:Please fill in the form in pencil first.请先用铅笔填写这个表格.三、表示关于的介词:of,about,on1.of仅是提到或谈到过某人或某事.如: He spoke of the film the other day.他前几天提到了这部影片.2.about指"关于"某人或某事物的较详细的情况.如:Can you tell me something about yourself?你能告诉我一些关于你自己的事情吗?3.on指"关于"学术性的或严肃的事.如:It's a textbook on the history of china.它是一本有关中国历史的教科书.四、表示好像或当作的介词:like,as1.like表示"像…一样",其实不是.如:Peter the Great,like his country,was strong and proud.彼得大帝像他的国家一样强健和自豪. 2.as表示"作为,以…身份",其实也是.如:He talked to me as a father.他以父亲的身份跟我谈话.五、表示支持或反对的介词:against,foragainst反对,for支持,互为反义词.如:Are you for my idea or against it?你赞同还是反对我的想法?六、表示除某人某物外的介词:besides,except1.besides是包括后面所提人或物在内的"除…外,还".如:Thirty students went to the cinema besides him.除他以外,还有30个学生去看了电影.(他和另外30人都去了)He is interested in tennis besides football.除了足球,他还对网球感兴趣.2.except是指不包括后面所提人或物在内的"除去".如:Everyone is excited except me.除我以外的每个人都很激动.(他们激动,而我却不激动)
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