2022高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专项精准讲练 第4讲 主旨大意题

2022高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专项精准讲练

第四讲 主旨大意题

题型解读

1.考纲要求：主旨大意题考查的是考生对文章内容的深层次理解，它要求考生在充分理解全文的前提下，对整篇文章的主旨大意有一个较为清晰的印象。

2.主旨大意题虽然比重不高，但难度较大，也是学生容易失分的题型。

题型分类

分类练习归纳

1.文章主旨大意题

2020·全国Ⅱ卷B篇

Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.

    Psychologist Susan Levine... found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills...

      The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities ...

      ...

    The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of the children in the study played with puzzles at one time ... and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than the parents of girls.

      ...

What is the passage mainly about?

A.A mathematical method.       B.A scientific study

C.A woman psychologist.          D.A teaching program.

2020年全国Ⅲ卷·31

    With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation (孤独), more families are choosing to live together.

    The doorway to peace and quiet,  for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law: she lives on the ground floor,  while he lives  upstairs  with his wife and their two daughters.

    Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol—one of a growing number of multigenerational  families  in  the  UK living together under the same roof……research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from  325,000 in 2001 to  419,000

in 2013.

    Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20%  of  25-34-year-olds  live  with  their  parents, compared with 16% in 1991. The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million…

What is the text mainly about?

A. Lifestyles in different countries.      B. Conflicts between generations.

C. A housing problem in Britain.        D. A rising trend of living in the UK.

2.段落大意题

2021·新高考卷Ⅰ卷D篇

    Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives from which to study how people manage their lives Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.

34. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence?

A. Its appeal to the public.         B. Expectations for future studies.

B. Its practical application.         D. Scientists with new perspectives.

2020·全国Ⅰ卷D篇

    The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another,employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.

What is the first paragraph mainly about?

A.A new study of different plants.         B.A big fall in crime rates.

C.Employees from various workplaces.     D.Benefits from green plants.

3.标题归纳题

2020年全国Ⅱ卷·35

     I have a special place in my heart for libraries… while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.

    My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old. It was a dream job…

    As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life…

     Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the excitement of going to the library lives on from generation to generation.

   As a novelist, I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. I  encourage readers to go to  their  local library when they can't afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven (避风港) for readers and writers…Libraries, in their own way, help fight book  piracy (盗版行为) and  I  think  all  writers should support libraries in a significant way when they  can.  Encourage  readers  to  use  the  library. Share library announcements on your social media.  Frequent them and talk about them when you can.

Which can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Reading: A Source of Knowledge           B. My Idea about Writing

C. Library: A Haven for the Young             D. My Love of the Library

2020年全国Ⅰ卷·35

     The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects…

     The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further—changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions…

    One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow (发光) in experiments  using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light, about one-thousandth of the amount needed  to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn tree into self-powered street lamps.

    In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.

Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

1. Can we grow more glowing plants? 
2. B. How do we live with glowing plants?
3. Could glowing plants replace lamps?

D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free?

真题演练

The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap (间隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs.

Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.

Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.

Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing (治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.

32.What does the author say about silence in conversations?

A. It implies anger.              B. It promotes friendship.

C. It is culture-specific.           D. It is content-based.

33.Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?

A. The Chinese.    B. The French.    C. The Mexicans.     D. The Russians.

34.What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?

A. Let it continue as the patient pleases.

B. Break it while treating patients.

C. Evaluate its harm to patients.

D. Make use of its healing effects.

35.What may be the best title for the text?

A. Sound and Silence

B. What It Means to Be Silent

C. Silence to Native Americans

D. Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold

学习笔记

1.重要单词及长难句分析

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_____________________________________________________________________2.我的反思总结

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