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2022高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解专项精准讲练 第3讲 推理判断题
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这是一份2022高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解专项精准讲练 第3讲 推理判断题，共20页。PPT课件主要包含了第三讲 推理判断题，推理判断题，◎题型解读，◎题型分类，文体推断法，◎真题演练等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.考纲要求：推理判断题要求考生在理解文章的基础上，从文章提供的信息出发，借助一定的常识进行分析、推理、判断的能力。2.推理判断题相对于细节理解题难度较高，但近年来考察比例逐渐增加。
1.推断隐含意义---一步推导法（立足原文，只推一步）
2021·全国乙卷B篇 Generatin Xers with yung families, like my wife and I, can still find it cnvenient t have a hme phne rather than prviding a mbile phne fr every family member. That said, t be hnest the nly peple wh ever ring ur hme phne are ur Baby Bmers parents, t the pint where we play a game and guess wh is calling befre we pick up the phne(using Caller ID wuld take the fun ut f it). Hw attached are yu t yur landline? Hw lng until they g the way f gas street lamps and mrning milk deliveries?What can be inferred abut the landline frm the last paragraph?A.It remains a family will fall ut f use sme may increase daily is as imprtant as the gas light.
2020年全国Ⅱ卷·31 Then there’s Righteus Fur and its unusual fashins. Mdel Paige Mrgan says, “T give peple a guilt-free ptin that they can wear withut smene thrwing paint n them—I think that’s ging t be a massive thing, at least here in New Yrk.” Designer Jennifer Andersn admits it tk her a while t cme arund t the pinin that using nutria fur fr her creatins is mrally acceptable. She’s trying t cme up with a label t attach t nutria fashins t shw it is ec-friendly. What can we infer abut wearing fur in New Yrk accrding t Mrgan?A. It’s frmal. B. It’s risky. C. It’s harmful. D. It’s traditinal.
点拨：由infer可知为推断题。一找(依据)：由题干中的Mrgan可定位至本段第二句。二理(解字面意思)：模特佩奇·摩根说：“给人们一个无负罪感的选择，让他们可以穿着(由动物毛皮制成的衣物)而不被人泼油漆——我认为这是一件大事，至少在纽约是这样。”三推(断或判断)：根据摩根的说法, 在纽约穿着由动物毛皮制成的衣物会被泼油漆，由此可推断：在纽约穿动物毛皮制成的衣物是有风险的。四比(较各选项): “正式的” “有风险的” “有害的” “传统的”。
2.推断观点态度题---字里行间法
2021·新高考卷I阅读D Althugh ppular beliefs regarding emtinal intelligence run far ahead f what research can reasnably sup-prt, the verall effects f the publicity have been mre beneficial than harmful. The mst psitive aspect f this ppularizatin is a new and much needed emphasis(重视） n emtin by emplyers, educatrs and thers interested in prmting scial well-being. The ppularizatin f emtinal intelligence has helped bth the publicand researchers re-evaluate the functinality f emtinsand hw they serve peple adaptively in everyday life.34. What is the authr’s attitude t the ppularizatin femtinal intelligence?A. Favrable. B. Intlerant. C. Dubtful. D. Unclear.
2020年全国Ⅲ卷·29“We flated the idea t my mum f sharing a huse,” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spke mre with Nick because I think it’s a big thing fr Nick t live with his mther-in-law.” And what des Nick think? “Frm my standpint, it all seems t wrk very well. Wuld I recmmend it? Yes, I think I wuld.”What is Nick’s attitude twards sharing the huse with his mther-in-law?A. Psitive.B. Carefree. C. Tlerant.D. Unwilling.
3.推断写作意图---“主旨推意”法
根据文章体裁判断作者写作意图
2021·新高考卷I阅读D We prefer t describe emtinal intelligence as aspecific set f skills that can be used fr either gd rbad purpses. The ability t accurately understand hw thers are feeling may be used by a dctr t find hw best t help her patients, while a cheater might use it t cntrl ptential victims. Being emtinally intelligentdes nt necessarily make ne a mral persn.33. Why des the authr mentin “dctr” and“cheater”in paragraph 2?A. T explain a rle B. T clarify a cncept C. T present a fact D. T make a predictin
2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷·11 In the mid-1990s, Tm Bissell taught English as a vlunteer in Uzbekistan…A few years later, still attracted t the cuntry, he returned t Uzbekistan t write an article abut the disappearance f the Aral Sea. His visit, hwever, ended up invlving a lt mre than that. Hence this bk, Chasing the Sea: Lst Amng the Ghsts f Empire in Central Asia, which talks abut a rad trip frm Tashkent t Karakalpakstan, where millins f lives have been destryed by the slw drying up f the sea. It is the stry f an American travelling t a strange land, and f the peple he meets n his way: Rustam, his translatr, a lvely 24-year-ld wh picked up his clrful English in Califrnia, Oleg and Natasha, his hsts in Tashkent, and a string f freign aid wrkers. This is a quick lk at life in Uzbekistan, made f friendliness and warmth, but als its darker side f sciety. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wnders, while n his way t Bukhara he gets a taste f plice methds when suspected f drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a muntain funeral (葬礼) fllwed by a strange drinking party… Mr Bissell skillfully rganizes histrical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-runded picture f Uzbekistan, seen frm Western eyes…What is the purpse f this text?A. T intrduce a bk. B. T explain a cultural phenmenn. C. T remember a writer. D. T recmmend a travel destinatin.
4.推断文章出处---“文体特征”法
2021·全国甲卷阅读A Take a view, the Landscape(风景）Phtgrapher f the Year Award, was the idea f Charlie Waite, ne ftday’s mst respected landscape phtgraphers. Eachyear, the high standard f entries has shwn that the Awards are the perfect platfrm t shwcase the verybest phtgraphy f the British landscape. Take a view is a desirable annual cmpetitin fr phtgraphers frm all crners f the UK and beynd.23. Where can the text be fund?A. In a histry bk. B. In a nvel. C. In an art magazine. D. In a bigraphy.
2019年全国Ⅰ卷·31 As data and identity theft becmes mre and mre cmmn, the market is grwing fr bimetric (生物测量) technlgies—like fingerprint scans—t keep thers ut f private e-spaces. At present, these technlgies are still expensive, thugh. Researchers frm Gergia Tech say that they have cme up with a lw-cst device (装置) that gets arund this prblem: a smart keybard. This smart keybard precisely measures the cadence (节奏)…It als desn’t require a new type f technlgy that peple aren’t already familiar with. Everybdy uses a keybard and everybdy types differently. In a study describing the technlgy, the researchers had 100 vlunteers type the wrd “tuch” fur times using the smart keybard. Data cllected frm the device culd be used t recgnize different participants…Where is this text mst likely frm?A diary. B. A guidebk. C. A nvel. D. A magazine.
2020·全国卷II C28. What is the purpse f the fashin shws in New Orleans and Brklyn?A. T prmte guilt-free fur.B. T expand the fashin market.C. T intrduce a new brand.D. T celebrate a winter hliday.29. Why are scientists cncerned abut nutria?A. Nutria damage the ecsystem seriusly.B. Nutria are an endangered species.C. Nutria hurt lcal cat-sized animals.D. Nutria are illegally hunted.30. What des the underlined wrd “cllapsed” in paragraph 5 prbably mean?A. Bmed.B. Became mature.C. Remained stable.D. Crashed.31. What can we infer abuf wearing fur in New Yrk accrding t Mrgan?A. It’s frmal.B. It’s risky.C. It’s harmful.D. It’s traditinal.
When yu were trying t figure ut what t buy fr the envirnmentalist n yur hliday list, fur prbably didn’t crss yur mind. But sme eclgists and fashin (时装)enthusiasts are trying t bring back the market fr fur made frm nutria(海狸鼠).Unusual fashin shws in New Orleans and Brklyn have(shwcased)nutria fur made int clthes in different styles. “It sunds crazy t talk abut guilt-free fur-unless yu understand that the nutria are destrying vast wetlands every year”, says Cree McCree, prject directr f Righteus Fur. Scientists in Luisiana were s cncerned that they decided t pay hunters $5 a tail. Sme f the fur ends up in the fashin shws like the ne in Brklyn last mnth. Nutria were brught there frm Argentina by fur farmers and let g int the wild. “The ecsystem dwn there can’t handle this nn-native species(物种).It’s destrying the envirnment. It’s them r us.” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field. The fur trade kept nutria check fr decades, but when the market fr nutria cllapsed in the late 1980s, the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
Bilgist Edmnd Mutn runs the nutria cntrl prgram fr Luisiana. He says it’s nt easy t cnvince peple that nutria fur is green, but he has n dubt abut it. Hunters bring in mre than 300,000 nutria tails a year, s part f Mutn’s jb these days is trying t prmte fur. Then there’ s Righteus Fur and its unusual fashin. Mdel Paige Mrgan says,“T give peple a guilt-free ptin that they can wear withut smene thrwing paint n them-1 think that’s ging t be a massive thing, at least here in New Yrk.” Designer Jennifer Andersn admits it tk her a while t cme arund t the pinin that using nutria fur fr her creatins is mrally acceptable. She trying t cme up with a lable t attach t nutria fashins t shw it is ec-friendly.
1.考纲要求：推理判断题要求考生在理解文章的基础上，从文章提供的信息出发，借助一定的常识进行分析、推理、判断的能力。2.推理判断题相对于细节理解题难度较高，但近年来考察比例逐渐增加。
1.推断隐含意义---一步推导法（立足原文，只推一步）
2021·全国乙卷B篇 Generatin Xers with yung families, like my wife and I, can still find it cnvenient t have a hme phne rather than prviding a mbile phne fr every family member. That said, t be hnest the nly peple wh ever ring ur hme phne are ur Baby Bmers parents, t the pint where we play a game and guess wh is calling befre we pick up the phne(using Caller ID wuld take the fun ut f it). Hw attached are yu t yur landline? Hw lng until they g the way f gas street lamps and mrning milk deliveries?What can be inferred abut the landline frm the last paragraph?A.It remains a family will fall ut f use sme may increase daily is as imprtant as the gas light.
2020年全国Ⅱ卷·31 Then there’s Righteus Fur and its unusual fashins. Mdel Paige Mrgan says, “T give peple a guilt-free ptin that they can wear withut smene thrwing paint n them—I think that’s ging t be a massive thing, at least here in New Yrk.” Designer Jennifer Andersn admits it tk her a while t cme arund t the pinin that using nutria fur fr her creatins is mrally acceptable. She’s trying t cme up with a label t attach t nutria fashins t shw it is ec-friendly. What can we infer abut wearing fur in New Yrk accrding t Mrgan?A. It’s frmal. B. It’s risky. C. It’s harmful. D. It’s traditinal.
点拨：由infer可知为推断题。一找(依据)：由题干中的Mrgan可定位至本段第二句。二理(解字面意思)：模特佩奇·摩根说：“给人们一个无负罪感的选择，让他们可以穿着(由动物毛皮制成的衣物)而不被人泼油漆——我认为这是一件大事，至少在纽约是这样。”三推(断或判断)：根据摩根的说法, 在纽约穿着由动物毛皮制成的衣物会被泼油漆，由此可推断：在纽约穿动物毛皮制成的衣物是有风险的。四比(较各选项): “正式的” “有风险的” “有害的” “传统的”。
2.推断观点态度题---字里行间法
2021·新高考卷I阅读D Althugh ppular beliefs regarding emtinal intelligence run far ahead f what research can reasnably sup-prt, the verall effects f the publicity have been mre beneficial than harmful. The mst psitive aspect f this ppularizatin is a new and much needed emphasis(重视） n emtin by emplyers, educatrs and thers interested in prmting scial well-being. The ppularizatin f emtinal intelligence has helped bth the publicand researchers re-evaluate the functinality f emtinsand hw they serve peple adaptively in everyday life.34. What is the authr’s attitude t the ppularizatin femtinal intelligence?A. Favrable. B. Intlerant. C. Dubtful. D. Unclear.
2020年全国Ⅲ卷·29“We flated the idea t my mum f sharing a huse,” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spke mre with Nick because I think it’s a big thing fr Nick t live with his mther-in-law.” And what des Nick think? “Frm my standpint, it all seems t wrk very well. Wuld I recmmend it? Yes, I think I wuld.”What is Nick’s attitude twards sharing the huse with his mther-in-law?A. Psitive.B. Carefree. C. Tlerant.D. Unwilling.
3.推断写作意图---“主旨推意”法
根据文章体裁判断作者写作意图
2021·新高考卷I阅读D We prefer t describe emtinal intelligence as aspecific set f skills that can be used fr either gd rbad purpses. The ability t accurately understand hw thers are feeling may be used by a dctr t find hw best t help her patients, while a cheater might use it t cntrl ptential victims. Being emtinally intelligentdes nt necessarily make ne a mral persn.33. Why des the authr mentin “dctr” and“cheater”in paragraph 2?A. T explain a rle B. T clarify a cncept C. T present a fact D. T make a predictin
2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷·11 In the mid-1990s, Tm Bissell taught English as a vlunteer in Uzbekistan…A few years later, still attracted t the cuntry, he returned t Uzbekistan t write an article abut the disappearance f the Aral Sea. His visit, hwever, ended up invlving a lt mre than that. Hence this bk, Chasing the Sea: Lst Amng the Ghsts f Empire in Central Asia, which talks abut a rad trip frm Tashkent t Karakalpakstan, where millins f lives have been destryed by the slw drying up f the sea. It is the stry f an American travelling t a strange land, and f the peple he meets n his way: Rustam, his translatr, a lvely 24-year-ld wh picked up his clrful English in Califrnia, Oleg and Natasha, his hsts in Tashkent, and a string f freign aid wrkers. This is a quick lk at life in Uzbekistan, made f friendliness and warmth, but als its darker side f sciety. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wnders, while n his way t Bukhara he gets a taste f plice methds when suspected f drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a muntain funeral (葬礼) fllwed by a strange drinking party… Mr Bissell skillfully rganizes histrical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-runded picture f Uzbekistan, seen frm Western eyes…What is the purpse f this text?A. T intrduce a bk. B. T explain a cultural phenmenn. C. T remember a writer. D. T recmmend a travel destinatin.
4.推断文章出处---“文体特征”法
2021·全国甲卷阅读A Take a view, the Landscape(风景）Phtgrapher f the Year Award, was the idea f Charlie Waite, ne ftday’s mst respected landscape phtgraphers. Eachyear, the high standard f entries has shwn that the Awards are the perfect platfrm t shwcase the verybest phtgraphy f the British landscape. Take a view is a desirable annual cmpetitin fr phtgraphers frm all crners f the UK and beynd.23. Where can the text be fund?A. In a histry bk. B. In a nvel. C. In an art magazine. D. In a bigraphy.
2019年全国Ⅰ卷·31 As data and identity theft becmes mre and mre cmmn, the market is grwing fr bimetric (生物测量) technlgies—like fingerprint scans—t keep thers ut f private e-spaces. At present, these technlgies are still expensive, thugh. Researchers frm Gergia Tech say that they have cme up with a lw-cst device (装置) that gets arund this prblem: a smart keybard. This smart keybard precisely measures the cadence (节奏)…It als desn’t require a new type f technlgy that peple aren’t already familiar with. Everybdy uses a keybard and everybdy types differently. In a study describing the technlgy, the researchers had 100 vlunteers type the wrd “tuch” fur times using the smart keybard. Data cllected frm the device culd be used t recgnize different participants…Where is this text mst likely frm?A diary. B. A guidebk. C. A nvel. D. A magazine.
2020·全国卷II C28. What is the purpse f the fashin shws in New Orleans and Brklyn?A. T prmte guilt-free fur.B. T expand the fashin market.C. T intrduce a new brand.D. T celebrate a winter hliday.29. Why are scientists cncerned abut nutria?A. Nutria damage the ecsystem seriusly.B. Nutria are an endangered species.C. Nutria hurt lcal cat-sized animals.D. Nutria are illegally hunted.30. What des the underlined wrd “cllapsed” in paragraph 5 prbably mean?A. Bmed.B. Became mature.C. Remained stable.D. Crashed.31. What can we infer abuf wearing fur in New Yrk accrding t Mrgan?A. It’s frmal.B. It’s risky.C. It’s harmful.D. It’s traditinal.
When yu were trying t figure ut what t buy fr the envirnmentalist n yur hliday list, fur prbably didn’t crss yur mind. But sme eclgists and fashin (时装)enthusiasts are trying t bring back the market fr fur made frm nutria(海狸鼠).Unusual fashin shws in New Orleans and Brklyn have(shwcased)nutria fur made int clthes in different styles. “It sunds crazy t talk abut guilt-free fur-unless yu understand that the nutria are destrying vast wetlands every year”, says Cree McCree, prject directr f Righteus Fur. Scientists in Luisiana were s cncerned that they decided t pay hunters $5 a tail. Sme f the fur ends up in the fashin shws like the ne in Brklyn last mnth. Nutria were brught there frm Argentina by fur farmers and let g int the wild. “The ecsystem dwn there can’t handle this nn-native species(物种).It’s destrying the envirnment. It’s them r us.” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field. The fur trade kept nutria check fr decades, but when the market fr nutria cllapsed in the late 1980s, the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
Bilgist Edmnd Mutn runs the nutria cntrl prgram fr Luisiana. He says it’s nt easy t cnvince peple that nutria fur is green, but he has n dubt abut it. Hunters bring in mre than 300,000 nutria tails a year, s part f Mutn’s jb these days is trying t prmte fur. Then there’ s Righteus Fur and its unusual fashin. Mdel Paige Mrgan says,“T give peple a guilt-free ptin that they can wear withut smene thrwing paint n them-1 think that’s ging t be a massive thing, at least here in New Yrk.” Designer Jennifer Andersn admits it tk her a while t cme arund t the pinin that using nutria fur fr her creatins is mrally acceptable. She trying t cme up with a lable t attach t nutria fashins t shw it is ec-friendly.
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