06动词词义辨析技巧 不规则动词分类记忆-专题训练-2022届高考英语大一轮复习语法系列（原卷版+解析版）

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2022届大一轮复习小专题训练语法系列6.动词词义辨析高考动词主要考查1.词义辨析 2.习惯搭配 3.熟词新义 4.不及物动词1. Many companies are eager to sign a contract with Amanda, who has the potential to _____ a super star. A. remain         B. grow         C. make       D. turn2. The workers ______ the glasses and marked on each box “This Side UP”. A. carried          B. delivered　      C. pressed      D. packed3. The new movie ______ to be one of the biggest money­makers of all time.A. promises     B. agrees        C. pretends    D. declines4. Your house is always so neat—how do you ______ it with three children?A. manage          B. serve        C. adapt       D. construct5. Just as Professor Scott often _______ it, success is ninety ­nine percent mental attitude.A. gets               B. makes            C. puts         D. means6. --Do you have enough to _____ all your daily expenses?  --Oh yes, enough and to spare.A. cover             B. spend             C. fill          D. offer7. One of the best ways for people to keep fit is to ________ healthy eating habits. A. grow               B. develop               C. increase              D. raise8. Words _____ me when I wanted to express my thanks to him. I just held his hands firmly, choking. A. left           B. encouraged         C. reminded          D. failed9. It is required that all traffic participants should     the traffic rules to make traffic safer and faster. A. perform         B. observe         C. support        D. possess10. When his brother was to cross the street, he was knocked down by a truck and badly _______.A. injured          B. damaged    C. harmed       D. destroyed11. —Excuse me, may I ask you some questions? —Sorry, I'm too busy and haven't even a minute to ________.A. spend           B. spare            C. offer           D. devote12. What really ______ is not failure itself, but the attitude we have towards it.A. matters             B. applies               C. stresses           D. functions13. When they heard the good news, all of the people in the city held a great party to______      victory. A. celebrate      B. congratulate    C. memorize   D. receive 14. Pairs, without doubt, has absolutely everything for a romantic weekend---hotels, food, and wines to ____ every budget. A. fit　                  B. match                 C. suit                   D. agree15. The loss has not yet been ______ accurately, but it is believed to be well beyond a hundred million dollars.A. calculated       B. considered       C. completed     D. controlled16. Some parents are just too protective. They want to________ their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.A. spot        B. dismiss        C. shelter            D. distinguish17. I ______ you an apology for what I said this morning. Anyway, I meant no offence. A. owe         B. make          C. demand         D. accept18. Bob said he was going to ______ himself to a vacation in the mountains because he had been so tired.A. press         B. invite           C. devote          D. treat19. The folk song concert was so well ______ that all the tickets were sold out on the first day.A. accepted      B. recognized　　  C. received        D. approved20. The good thing about children is that they _____ very easily to new environments.A. adapt         B. appeal       C. attach            D. apply21. If you send the application form before 8 o'clock tomorrow morning, I can      you an interview. A. instruct      B. determine       C. guarantee         D. recommend22. Your plan, as well as his, sounds original. But the company, I think, won’t ______ either of them, for they are unrealistic.A. abolish  B. comment   C. approve    D. overlook23. To maintain national balance, the government has ______ a policy of encouraging college graduates to take positions in rural areas.A. adopted   B. abandoned   C. observed   D. modified24. The outbreak of this incident has given us much for thought, forcing us to       seriously on the past and the future.A. resemble     B. strengthen      C. reflect       D. shape 25. In a formal football match, each team can have three players to _____ their teammates when necessary.A. replace  B. substitute   C. represent   D. exchange26. One reason why the housing prices in big cities are going up all the time is that people are ________ into overcrowded cities in great numbers. A. breaking         B. pouring           C. filling          D. squeezing27. Do not fear them; for there is nothing covered that will not be ________, and nothing hidden that will not be made known. A. criticized     B. defined        C. estimated      D. revealed28. On the way home, a good idea suddenly _____ me - why hot buy Mom a gift for her birthday?A. struck        B. beat         C. knocked        D. attacked29. According to scientists, our mental abilities begin to ______ from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22.   A. differ    B. shrink     C. fail      D. decline  30. Hearing the disappointing news, he was too sad to ____himself. A. contain      B. include       C. manage         D. command   2022届大一轮复习小专题训练语法系列(6)答案及解析1. C。make此处意为“(有潜质，天赋)成为”。make用作及物动词表示“制作”，用作使役动词，表示“使，让”，用于make sb. do sth.句型。2. D。句意：工人们把那些玻璃杯打包，并在每个盒子上标上“请勿倒置”的字样。语境提到“玻璃杯”和“每个盒子”，可见这里表示工人把这些玻璃杯进行包装，因此选pack（打包）。carry搬，扛，运；deliver分发，投递；press按，压。3. A。句意：这部新电影有望成为有史以来最赚钱的影片之一。promise“允诺，答应”是常见含义；还表示“有……的希望”，“预示着”；agree同意，赞同；pretend假装；decline衰老，衰退。4. A。句意：你家里总是那么整洁——家里有三个孩子，你是怎么做到这一点的？表示“设法做成某事”用manage it。serve 为……服务；接待；服役；adapt 使适应，使适合；construct建造，构筑；构思。5. C。make it意为“获得成功”；Just as sb. put it 意为“正如某人所说”。句意：正如Scott教授经常所说的：成功是靠百分之九十九的心态。6. A。cover这里意为“足够支付（的费用）”，还表示“覆盖”、“报道”、“走……路”、“看……书”。7. B。grow意为“种植，生长”；develop意为“养成，发展”；increase意为“增加”；raise意为“举起，提高，饲养”，根据句意应选develop，这里表示“养成健康饮食习惯”。8. D。句意为：当我想对他表示感谢的时候，我什么话也说不出，我只是紧紧地握着他的手，哽咽着。fail这里表示“哽咽；不能说”。9. B。此处observe the traffic rules是固定表达，意为“遵守交通法规”。observe还表示“观察”、“庆祝（节日）”。10. A。injure指在意外事故中“受伤”；damage主要指对于物体的不彻底的破坏，常含可以修复之意；harm用于肉体或精神上的伤害；destroy表示彻底毁坏，无法修复。这里强调意外受伤。11. B。句意为：抱歉，我实在太忙，甚至抽不出一点时间。spare分出，腾出(时间，人手)；spend花费(时间或金钱)；offer(主动)提供；devote奉献。 12. A。句意：真正重要的不是失败本身，而是我们对待它的态度。matter要紧，关系重大；apply申请，应用；stress强调：function起作用。13. A。句意：听到这个好消息，这个城市的所有人都举行晚会来庆祝胜利。celebrate后接事情，如节日. 胜利，而congratulate常构成congratulate sb. on sth。本句的宾语是victory，因此用celebrate。14. B。句意：如果你想过一个浪漫的周末，无论你钱多钱少，巴黎毫无疑问都包含有适合你的所有东西。fit强调大小长短“适合”，宾语为人；suit强调(衣服等的)颜色、款式“适合”，宾语为人；match(衣服等的)相匹配，宾语为物；agree是不及物动词。15. A。根据“人们相信损失要超过一亿美元”，可见这里表示损失还没有精确地“计算”出来，用calculate表示“计算”。consider考虑；complete完成；control控制。16. C。句意：有些父母想保护孩子，以使孩子免遭任何实际的或者凭空想象出来的危险。shelter“庇护；保护”，符合题意。spot认出；玷污；dismiss开除；解散；distinguish区别。17. A。句意：因为今早我说的话我向你道歉。不管怎样，我无意冒犯。owe sb. sth.亏欠某人某物。18. D。句意：鲍勃说由于自己这么累了，他要犒劳一下自己去爬山旅游。treat sb. to (a dinner)“款待（某人……）”。19. C。be well received是固定词组，表示“深受欢迎”。20. A。句意：关于孩子们，好一点的是他们很容易适应新环境。adapt to使适应于；appeal to 对……有吸引力；attach to使附属于；apply to运用，适用于。21. C。guarantee sb. sth.表示“保证给某人某物”，接双宾语。recommend sb. sth.表示“推荐给某人某物”。22. C。abolish废除；comment评论；approve赞成；支持；overlook忽略。23. A。adopt采纳；收养；abandon放弃；observe观察；遵守；modify修改；修饰。24. C。reflect on表示“考虑，反思”。resemble相像；strengthen加强；shape塑造。25. B。replace指任何形式的替代，尤指以新的替代旧的、老的和坏的；放回原处；substitute表示“替代，替补”；represent代表；象征；exchange交换。26. B。pour into川流不息地涌入, 源源而来；squeeze into硬塞进 ...； 硬挤入。27. D。criticize责备；批评；define规定；限定；定义；解释；estimate估计；reveal透露。28. A。strike表示“报时；罢工；突然萌发（想法）；敲打”。29. D。differ使不同；shrink收缩；fail失败；衰退；decline拒绝。30. A。contain表示“包含；压制”。句意：听到那个令人失望的消息，他太难过不能压制住自己。【名师面对面】不规则动词巧记1. 巧记AAA型动词英语中有些动词的动词原形、过去式、过去分词三者一样，我们可以简记为:击中、受伤、让、吐痰， (hit)(hurt)(let)(spit),去掉、花费、读、放、砍，(rid)(cost)(read)(put)(cut)。Make your enemy your friend.化敌为友。2. 巧记下列不规则动词(1)sink→ sank→ sunk 沉下swim→ swam→ swum 游泳drink→ drank→ drunk 喝ring →rang→ rung 响begin→ began→ begun 开始sing →sang →sung 唱记忆方法: 沉下游泳把水喝,铃响开始唱山歌 (2)lie→ lied→ lied→ lying说谎lie→ lay→ lain→ lying 躺；位于lay→ laid→ laid→ laying产卵,下蛋记忆方法: 规则的说谎，不规则的躺，躺过就下蛋，下蛋不规则 (3)catch → caught → caughtteach → taught → taughtbring → brought → broughtbuy → bought → boughtfight → fought → foughtthink → thought → thoughtseek → sought → sought记忆方法:有a则a, 无a则o