第3部分——名词-2022届高考英语短文改错题型攻克

这是一份第3部分——名词-2022届高考英语短文改错题型攻克，共6页。
（三）名词出现形式——语法本质：1、名词出现形式：英语名词在句子中以何种形式出现。2、名词的分类（2类）（1）可数名词：可以用数目直接计数的名词，分为单数形式和复数形式（2）不可数名词：不可以用数目直接计数的名词，本身无形式变化 1、可数名词出现形式：（1）单数形式：限定词 + C单限定词：（2种）1）冠词：    an/ a, the.2）形物代：   my, your, his, her, its; our, your, their.（2）复数形式：单数形式+ s/es——析错：1、单数形式缺少“限定词”2、语意上单复数形式混用——识错：（1）可数名词单独出现 → 限定词+ C单或Cs（2）“复数含义”的词+C单；“单数含义”的词+Cs（3）前后同一名词单复数不一致（4）合成词的单复混用（5）搭配——试错（P5）：I hope you can do well in all your future exam.I arranged a few hour a day for learning and sports.It’s said that he is a tall thin man about 20 year old.Before we ate we stood in a big circle holding hand.People good at understanding others are usually good listener.Friendship is the most beautiful and valuable things in the world.The game ended, but the influence on the city will last several decade.Like other situation in which a person might feel performance anxiety.It centers upon Santiago, an aging fishermen who sails out to sea alone.Young traveler volunteer to work for youth hostels for free living and food.I have been offered the chance to study in your school for one and a half year.He had just come out of the restaurant when he saw another men on the street.I’m Li Hua, a senior high school students from China and I’ll graduate next June.In 1996, when we returned from our vacation weeks later, we were surprised to find a young melon stuck in the center of a cinder block. The watermelon had grown inside the blocks until it was squeezed too tightly to remove.         可数名词常考结构（P5）：Now I’ll talk about table manner.Many of my classmate threw up into the air.He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests.He begged my parents to stay another couple of day.Being friendly to them is one of the best way to be helpful.On my way to the classroom, I saw some of my classmate.Mom, I know I have never expressed my thank to you before.In their opinions, it does no good to helping people communicate.In no times, an ambulance came and took her to the nearest hospital.Like the rest of my classmate, I didn’t really want to get close to her.In this case, we should take effective measure which can solve this problem.There are two girls from my course here and I plan to make friend with them.I’d like to stay there to visit place of interest and practicing my English as well.            ’s相关错误（P6）：I was playing at my cousin house.Mrs. Li marked strictly on student’s actual performance.When I finally arrived at my friend he lent me lots of clothes. 2、不可数名词出现形式：本身无形式上变化。——析错：U以Cs形式出现。——试错（P6）：If you have interests in it, reply to me soon.I’m glad you have made such a great progress.I put some changes (零钱) and a watch in his cup.It felt very strange to travel without any luggages.Tom has much troubles in getting up in the morningYour knowledges of Greece can help the whole class.Her classes are so full of funs that you will never feel bored.Mom has a full-time job, but she has to do most of the houseworks.We stopped to rest for a while and to drink some waters from a stream.He says if I decide to do something, it takes him much more times to stop me.It provides a lot of informations about which of our certificates they recognize.         附表：一、常考不可数名词
advice, baggage, change (零钱), furniture, hair, homework, information, knowledge, luggage, money, news, progress, traffic（其他：absence, age, anger, courage, energy, equipment, experience, failure, fear, food, fun, health, ice, industry, kindness, labour, luck, marriage, music, nature, paper, peace, pleasure, power, pride, rain, research, respect, safety, salt, sand, silence, sleep, strength, snow, technology, time, trade, transport, travel, trust, truth, waste, water, wealth, weather, work (工作), wind）二、可有单、复数形式的不可数名词
1、物质名词表示不同类别时，可有复数形式。如：fruit, food, coffee2、抽象名词表示具体事物时，可有复数形式。如：honor, death, danger, pleasure, success, failure, comfort, surprise, worry, beauty, wonder, envy, shock, shame, regret, joy等，它们都表示“某种人、动作或事”。               参考答案1、可数名词出现形式：1. exam→exams。根据语意及前文all得此答案。2. hour→hours。根据前文a few得此答案。3. year→years。根据前文20得此答案。4. hand→hands。根据语意，且主语为we（复数）得此答案。5. listener→listeners。根据语意，且主语为People（复数）得此答案。6. things→thing。thing即为Friendship（不可数），得此答案。7. decade→decades。前文有several（几个），故应用decade的复数形式。8. situation→situations。根据语意及前文other得此答案。9. fishermen→fisherman。前文有不定冠词an，故得此答案。10. traveler→travelers。根据语意，应表示泛指含义，故用复数形式。11. year→years。前文有one and a half限定，故应用复数形式。12. men→man。前文有another（另一个）限定，故应用单数形式。13. students→student。前文有不定冠词a，故得此答案。14. blocks→block。前文block为单数，根据语意需要与前文保持一致。        可数名词常考结构：1. manner→manners。table manners意为“餐桌礼仪”。2. classmate→classmates。结构来源：one of+复数名词。3. ideas→idea。have no idea固定结构为固定结构，表示“不知道……”。4. day→days。结构来源：a couple+复数名词。5. way→ways。结构：one of+复数名词。6. classmate→classmates。结构来源：one of+复数名词。7. thank→thanks。thank作名词表示感谢常用复数形式。8. opinions→opinion。in one’s opinion结构中opinion一般为一种观点，常用单数。9. times→time。in no time表示“马上”、“立刻”之意。10. classmate→classmates。结构来源：one of+复数名词。11. measure→measures。结构take measures表示“采取措施”。12. friend→friends。结构make friends表示“做朋友”。13. place→places。结构place of interest表示“旅游景点”。        ’s相关错误：1. cousin→cousin’s。所有格cousin’s限定house，表示所属关系：“……的”。2. student’s→students’。根据句意，应用students复数形式的所有格。3. friend→friend’s。所有格friend’s表示“朋友的家”。 2、不可数名词出现形式：1. interests→interest。interest意为“兴趣”时不可数。2. 去掉a。progress作为“进步”之意为不可数名词。3. changes→change。change“零钱”之意为不可数名词。4. luggages→luggage。luggage（行李）为不可数名词。5. troubles→trouble。在结构have trouble in中，trouble作不可数名词，表示“麻烦”。6. knowledges→knowledge。knowledge作为“知识”而言为不可数名词。7. funs→fun。fun作为“快乐”而言为不可数名词。8. houseworks→housework。housework（家务）为不可数名词。9. waters→water。water（水）为不可数名词。10. times→time。time（时间）为不可数名词。11. informations→information。information（信息）为不可数名词。