2022年中考英语语法省略句的使用技巧复习学案

这是一份2022年中考英语语法省略句的使用技巧复习学案，共9页。学案主要包含了并列复合句中某些相同成分的省略，命令句等内容，欢迎下载使用。
英语语法:英语中的省略在英语中，为了避免重复，句子中的某些部分经常省略，给考生的理解增加了困难。现对省略现象总结如下:一、并列复合句中某些相同成分的省略。1. This beeper works well，but that one doesnt (work well).这个寻呼机工作正常，但那个就不行。2. All uranium atoms do not have the same atomic weight. Some of them weigh 234 units，some (of them) (weigh) 235 units，and some (of them) (weigh) 238 units.所有的铀原子并非都有相同的原子量。其中有的重234，有的重235，而有的重238。二、在when，while，if，as if，though(或although)，as，until，once，wheth er，unless，where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。1. When (water is) pure，water is a colorless liquid.水纯净时，是无色的液体。2. When (I am) in trouble I always turn to her for help.我困难时总是找她帮助。3. Errors，if any，should be corrected.如果有什么错误，就应当改正。(if后省略了there are)4. Wood gives much smoke while (wood is) burning.木头燃烧时，它放出很多烟。5. The letter is to be left here until (it is) called for.这封信留在这里待领。6. Henry looked about as if (he were) in search of something.亨利向四周环视，似乎在寻找什么。7. She studies very hard though (she is) still rather weak.她尽管体弱，但学习仍十分努力。三、当见到“when (或if，where，wherever，whenever，as soon as，as fast a s，than等)+possible/necessary等”时，可理解中间省略了it is(或was)。1. Answer these questions，if (it is) possible without referring to the book.如果有可能，请不看书回答这些问题。2. When (it is) necessary you can help us to do something.必要时你可以帮助我们做些事。四、有形式主语it的主语从句可省略that。1. It seems (或appears) (that) Joe is out，not Jack.外出不在的似乎是乔，不是杰克。2. It is an honor (that) I was invited to your birthday party.我很荣幸被邀请参加你的生日聚会。3. Its a pity (that) you cant operate a computer.很遗憾，你不会操作计算机。4. It is the third time (that) I have come to China.这是我第三次来中国。五、在限制性定语从句中可省略作宾语的关系代词whom，which，that。1. That is the naughty boy (whom/that) we talked about last week.那就是我们上周议论的淘气男孩。六、在direction(方向)，way(方式)，distance(距离)，time(时间)，times(倍数)等后面所接的定语从句中常省略that，which，in which。1. The direction (in which) we move a body can be changed.我们移动物体的方向是可以改变的。2. The distance (which或that) light travels in one second is 300，000 kilometers.光每秒走的距离是30万公里。七、以there be开头的句子，其主语的定语从句常可省略关联词，而there be结构作定语从句时，省略作主语的关系代词。1. There is a chance Dr. Li will be able to be back for May Day.李博士也许有机会能回来过五一节。2. We have to make a list of all the books there are on the subject. 我们必须把所有关于这个题目的书列出一个单子。八、命令句、惊叹句、部分第一人称的陈述句、部分问句和答句中省略最为常见。1. Open the door!开门!2. Why not?为什么不?3. Why so?为什么这样?4. Anybody wishing to go?谁愿意去啊?九、用so，not或其它手段来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句义。1.—Can Emily do this work?埃米莉能做这件工作吗?—I think so.我想她行。—I think not (或I dont think so).我想她不行。2.—Did you know anything about it?这件事你以前知道吗?—Not until you told me.你告诉了我，才知道。3. He has gone. No one knowsswheres(he has gone).他走了，谁也不知道他去什么地方了。4. Jenny knows what (is to be done)!詹妮有办法!英语考点：省略句定义：省略句是英语的一种习惯用法。其特点是：虽然省去句子语法构造所需要的组成部分，但仍能表达其完整的意义。恰当的省略有时是出于修辞上的需要，也是为了避免重复、突出新信息而使上下文紧密连接的一种修辞手段。省略的部分：单词、短语、分句，都可以省略，而且各有一定的衔接关系。主语从句(Subject Clause)即在复合句中充当主语成分的句子❶that在句中不做成分。当主语从句位于句首时,不能省略。如：That he likes books of this kind is very interesting. = It's very interesting (that) he likes books of this kind.他喜欢的这类书是很有趣的。❷当谓语动词是seem, appear, be pity, be wonder, be likely等时,使用形式主语It,而将真正的主语放在句尾,这时从属连词that可省略。a.it+be+形容词that从句b.It+be+名词+that从句c.It+动词(+宾语或状语)+that从句d.It+动词的被动语态+that从句如：It’s a pity (that) you missed the sports meeting last week.你错过了上周的运动会，真是遗憾。专项训练1. The boy wanted to ride his bike in the street, but his mother told him _____.A. not to B. not to doC. not do it D. do not to2. —Have you watered the flowers?—No, but _____.A. I am B. I’m goingC. I’m just going to D. I will go3. Father advised me not to say anything until _____ at the meeting.A. asking B. to askC. asked D. askB C C初中英语考点复习表语从句(Predicative Clause)表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、从句来充当。常位于系动词(be, become, appear, seem,look,sound,feel,get,smell等词)之后。❶连接词that一般不能省略，但当主句中含动词do的某种形式时，that可以省略。如：What I want to do is (that) I can go up to him and thank him.我想做的事是走到他身边去感谢他。宾语从句(Object Clause)是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语，位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。充当句中的宾语成分。❶由which,when,where,how和why 引导的宾语从句，可全部或部分省去,只保留引导词。如：Please pass me one of these books. I don’t care which (you pass me).请递给我其中的一本书，我不介意你递给我的是哪一本。❷在I’m afraid,I think, I believe, I hope, I guess等开头的作答句中，后面跟so 与 not 分别用于肯定或否定宾语时，宾语从句可省去。--Do you think it will rain?--I hope not (that it will not rain).—你觉得要下雨吗?—我希望不要下。