专题05 七选五-【大题小卷】冲刺2022年高考英语大题限时集训（新高考专用）(32537809)

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专题05 七选五-【大题小卷】冲刺2022年高考英语大题限时集训
（解析版）

七选五作为高考英语全国卷中的一道必考和重点题型，考查以说明文为主，内容、主题多是社会生活和文化科技；题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为辅。
选材注重两方面的内容：一是贴近考生、贴近生活、新颖、时代感强的材料；二是逻辑性强，结构严谨，层次分明，突出对“篇章结构”的整体理解，侧重考查考生的逻辑思维能力。

一、说明文七选五
例1 The word “boycott” comes to English through Irish, which can be used as both a verb and a noun. As a verb, boycott means to refuse to do something as a form of protest(抗 议). People who boycott something are often looking for social, economic(经济的) or political change.__36__People stop using goods or services during a boycott until changes are made. __37__ In the mid­1800s, a young man, Charles Boycott, worked as a land agent for the owner of a large country farm in Ireland. __38__ Later, the farmers demanded lower rents. Boycott refused, and even kicked some of them out of the farm. As a result, another man named Davitt came into conflict with Boycott.
In 1879, Davitt founded a group called the Land League, which sought to help poor farmers. He suggested to the farmers that they refuse to do business with Boycott. __39__ Since Boycott's workers and servants refused to carry out his orders, the crops in his fields went bad. The community turned their back on the Boycott's family and they were forced to move.
At the end of 1880, some British newspapers began using Boycott's name when reporting on a protest of unfair methods or actions. __40__ By the late 1880s, The New York Times was reporting on boycotts. The word was generally used to describe labour protests against businesses. These days, consumers are able to use their buying power to boycott businesses they consider unfair.
A. The usage quickly spread.
B. In fact, it began with a man's name.
C. This form of protest proved effective.
D. However, its original meaning is still unknown.
E. As a noun, the word boycott has a somewhat different meaning.
F. Otherwise, his last name may become a word people use when they protest.
G. Boycott's job was to collect rents from the farmers who rented fields of the farm.
【答案】36～40　EBGCA
【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了单词“boycott”的来历以及所表达的意思。
36. E　解析：由第一段中“The word ‘boycott’ comes to English through Irish, which can be used as both a verb and a noun. As a verb, boycott means to refuse to do something as a form of protest(抗议)．”可知，“boycott”既能用作名词，也能用作动词。作动词时，“boycott”意思是以抗议的形式拒绝做某事。所以本题要说明它作名词时的意思，故E选项“作为名词，‘boycott’多少有些不一样的意思”切题。故选E项。
37. B　解析：由空后的“In the mid­1800s, a young man, Charles Boycott, worked as a land agent for the owner of a large country farm in Ireland”可知，在18世纪中期，一个叫做查尔斯·博伊科特的年轻人在爱尔兰做大庄园主的地产经纪人。所以本题要总说这个单词源于一个人的名字，然后再作具体说明。故B选项“这个单词源于一个人的名字”切题。故选B项。
38. G　解析：由空后的“Later, the farmers demanded lower rents.”可知，佃农们要求降低租金。所以本题要说明博伊科特的工作职责以此承接下文。故G选项“博伊科特的职责是从在庄园种植庄稼的佃农那儿收取租金”切题。故选G项。
39. C　解析：由空前的“He suggested to the farmers that they refuse to do business with Boycott.”以及空后的“ Since Boycott's workers and servants refused to carry out his orders, the crops in his fields went bad.”可知，达维特建议佃农拒绝和博伊科特做生意，博伊科特的工人和仆人拒绝执行他的命令，导致博伊科特地里的庄稼都坏了。所以本题要起到承上启下的作用。故C选项“结果证实这种形式的抗议非常奏效”切题。故选C项。
40. A　解析：由空前的“At the end of 1880，some British newspapers began using Boycott's name when reporting on a protest of unfair methods or actions.”以及空后的“By the late 1880s, The New York Times was reporting on boycotts.”可知，1880年底，一些英国的报纸开始用博伊科特的名字来报告与不公平的方法或者行动有关的抗议活动。到19世纪80年代末，《纽约时报》一直在报道联合抵抗的新闻。所以从1880年到19世纪80年代末这种用法很快就传开了，也就是本题所要说明的内容。故A选项“这种用法很快就传开了”切题。故选A项。

二、议论文七选五
例1 Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question:“Should I jump? This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. ___36___Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.
___37___ More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself , your values your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires ,etc. Only then should your you’re your goals
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. ___38___ So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity(清晰)of thoughts can help you move forward.
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible.____39____ They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a Pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough.____40____You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.
You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.
A. This can affect your work.
B. So how should you motivate yourself?
C. However, this should not discourage you.
D. So why should we try to set specific goals?
E. They can change according to circumstances.
F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it
【答案】36. G 37. B 38. A 39. E 40. C
【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章作者对于怎样设定具体目标，给出了一些方法。
【36题详解】
上文说“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面”。下文说“就像孩子在跳水台，难以决定”。该空承上启下，G选项“没有目标，你就既不能设定目标，也无法实现它”切题，故选G。
【37题详解】
下文说“不仅如此，你应该如何为实现你的目标保持积极性”。该空引出下文，B选项“那么你应该如何激励自己呢”切题，故选B。
【38题详解】
上文说“有时候你的心不在工作上”，下文说“所以，减慢速度，想一想那时候，你到底想干什么”。该空承上启下，A选项“这会影响你的工作”切题，故选A。
【39题详解】
上文说“记得，目标是灵活的”。该空承接上文，E选项“它们会根据环境的改变而改变”切题，故选E。
【40题详解】
上文说“你可能想当一名飞行员，但是不能成为一名飞行员，因为你的视力不够好。”下文说“你应该重新评估你的目标，并且设定一个新的目标”。该空承上启下，C选项“然而，这也不要使你沮丧”切题，故选C。

三、记叙文七选五
Spreading Smiles at Birchwood
When Ava McCarver was in kindergarten，her class visited a nursing home (疗养院). Ava learned that many of the residents (住户) there receive few visitors.　1　 “I asked my mom if I could visit them，” she says. Soon, Ava and her mom became volunteers at Birchwood Health Care Center.
That was six years ago. 　2　 She enjoys hanging out with Mary, Shirley and other residents during her twice­monthly visits.“I paint their nails，and I talk to a lot of them，” she says. Sometimes she helps lead craft (手工艺)projects. Other times they play card games. “It's good for the residents to see little kids，”Ava says. “That makes them really happy.”
　3　 She has raised money for the nursing home by making refrigerator decorations and selling them at a craft fair.She has also collected used puzzles from garage sales and donated them to Birchwood.
Ava wrote a book called The Squirrel Family. In the book，two squirrels raise a family and eventually move into a place called Birchwood where they live happily. 　4　 Ten stores in her city agreed to display the books, along with a can to collect money. Ava's project raised about $750. Birchwood used that money to buy furniture for the residents.
Ava says she enjoyed the look of “pure joy” on a resident's face after a hug from her. That's why she started visiting Birchwood — to bring happiness to others.　5　 “It's really fun，” she says. “They have good stories, and I enjoy my time there.”
A．She decided to take action.
B．But she has gained happiness for herself, too.
C．Since then, Ava has made many friends at Birchwood.
D．Ava used her book to raise money for the nursing home.
E．Birchwood needs more money to support their residents.
F．Ava has found some creative ways to help her friends at Birchwood.
G．Ava's book has achieved a great success and earned a large amount of money for her.
【答案】ACFDB
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。Ava去疗养院探望过一次那里的老人后就决定和母亲成为疗养院的志愿者。从此她与老人们成了朋友，在给他们带来欢乐的同时自己也乐在其中。
1．解析：根据下文中的“‘I asked my mom if I could visit them，’she says.Soon，Ava and her mom became volunteers at Birchwood Health Care Center.”可知，Ava去Birchwood Health Care Center探望过一次那里的老人后发现许多老人都鲜有人去拜访，于是她决定采取行动。在征得母亲的同意后，她们一起成为了疗养院的志愿者。答案：A
2．解析：根据下文中的“She enjoys hanging out with Mary, Shirley and other residents during her twice­monthly visits...Other times they play card games.”可知，Ava经常和疗养院的老人们聊天、做游戏、做手工，她的到来让那里的老人倍感欣慰，由此可推断，她们成为了好朋友。且C项中的“then”对应前句中的“six years ago”。答案：C
3．解析：根据下文中的“She has raised money for the nursing home by making refrigerator decorations and selling them at a craft fair. She has also collected used puzzles from garage sales and donated them to Birchwood.”可知，Ava找到了许多有创意的方法来帮助 Birchwood的老人，比如：制作冰箱装饰物并在手工艺品展览会上售卖；收集用过的拼图然后捐给Birchwood。答案：F
4．解析：根据下文中的“Ava's project raised about $750. Birchwood used that money to buy furniture for the residents.”可知，Ava通过卖自己的书来为疗养院筹款。答案：D
5．解析：根据上文中的“That's why she started visiting Birchwood — to bring happiness to others.”及下文中的“They have good stories，and I enjoy my time there.”可知，Ava在给老人们带来快乐的同时，老人们有趣的故事也为她带来了快乐。答案：B


通常来说，解答七选五题型，我们要遵循以下几个步骤：
1．通读全文，了解文章大意
这是一个泛读的过程，目的是了解文章大意，为以后的理解做铺垫。
2．分析句型，了解语法构成
当我们了解了文章大意后，要明确每一个空是填一个完整的句子还是从句。这一点十分重要，它能够帮助我们迅速确定某些空的选项范围，比如，有一个空的结尾处是逗号，后文紧跟着一个句子，很显然这时我们需要填一个从句，可以在七个选项中找到是从句的选项，从而缩小选择范围。
3．明确关联关系
任何句子都是要么和上文有联系，要么和下文有联系，要么和上下文都有联系，因为一篇文章不仅仅是句子的整合，也是有含义的连贯性的，怎样确定这种关系？
(1)根据位置：注意空缺处在文中的位置，当空缺处在段首时，应注意此段首句之后的部分，这是因为文章的每一段往往构成总分结构，这一点在说明文和议论文中尤为明显，而七选五的选材往往是说明文和议论文；当空缺处在段中时，则需要看空缺处前后的内容；当空缺处在段末时，则需要看前文的内容，因为这一句最有可能是对整段的一个总结和概括。当然，以上分析只是主流情形，也有可能出现其他情况，这时需要具体问题具体分析。
(2)根据含义：在第一步了解大意的基础上，现在要做的是详细阅读以便明确每一个空的具体关联关系，这时要结合选项同时做(注意在第二步范围缩小的基础上)，常见的关联关系有：顺承、转折、因果、并列、举例。最常见的就是根据代词含义，因为如果上文出现了某个名词或概念时，后文再次提及它，往往为了避免重复，会使用代词，只是后文对前文的一个很好的提示，例如：后文出现了it，那前文出现的名词一定是可数名词单数或者不可数名词或者是一件事；后文出现了this man，那前文一定要有一句话在说这个人的情况，后文才能用this这个代词，等等；其次，根据形容词、副词确定关联关系也比较常见，形容词、副词往往表达了作者的感情色彩，这对于我们排除干扰选项十分关键，比如：上文所使用的形容词、副词全是褒义词汇，语调阳光积极，后文如果和前文是顺承关系，必然也应该用正能量的语调；当然，根据其他词汇确定关联关系也都有可能。
4．宏观把握，选择最佳答案
最后作答时，当我们对于某一个空有两个不同的答案时，我们将其分别代入，选择最佳答案，这一点很简单。
5．带入通读，复查
做完题目后，我们很有必要将自己修正好的文章通读一遍，将其看作一篇行文通顺语意连贯的文章来读，这时如果感到有含义不连贯的地方，很有可能是我们填错了空，就要复查了。注意：七选五的特点在于，错一道，往往还会错另外的一道或几道，我们叫作“连错”，所以当你发现自己有一处填的有问题时，一定要同时检查其他空。


If you just moved, you might be wondering who lives in your neighbourhood. It's always a nice surprise to learn that there are families similar to your family close by. __36__ Here are some tips on how to make a good first and lasting impression.
Do a Drop and Hi. Within the first few weeks of getting settled, consider dropping a small baked good or local treat with a card that includes your phone number and name. __37__ Host Something. Once you are on a first­name basis with a few of your neighbours, consider hosting a small meet and greet event. Do something outside like a BBQ to keep things simple and relaxed.
__38__ It's always such a nice gesture if you help your neighbour with bringing in their garbage can or ask if you can help carry groceries, etc. Ask if you can help or suggest they borrow one of your tools. Being considerate goes a long way.
Exchange Numbers. It's important to exchange numbers, especially if you or your neighbour may be travelling. __39__ Good neighbours become friends and always watch out for each other. __40__
A. Help When You Can.
B. Hold a Positive Attitude.
C. It's no good having a face­to­face talk.
D. You can then tell them if you see anything wrong happening.
E. A “looking forward to meeting you” type note is always nice.
F. But how do you make sure you're the kind of neighbour people want to spend time with?
G. With these tips, you'll find yourself with a good community of close friends in no time.
【答案】36～40　FEADG
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。假设你刚搬入一个新的小区，想对周围邻居有更多的了解。作者在文中提出了一些在这种情况下如何建立好印象的建议。
36. F　解析：空格位于段中。空前说明了情况，空后说有一些建议，中间缺少一个支承上启下作用的句子。选项中F是一个问句，且其中的“make sure you're the kind of neighbour people want to spend time with”与空格后一句中的“make a good first and lasting impression”呼应。故选F。
37. E　解析：空格位于段尾，属于细节句。上一句句意：在安顿好的前几周内，考虑送邻居一块烘培点心或者特产，附上有你电话和名字信息的卡片。选项E中的“A ‘looking forward to meeting you’ type note”与前一句中的“card”呼应。故选E。
38. A　解析：空格位于段首，属于主旨句。本段落中多次出现“help”，帮邻居丢垃圾，帮邻居拎东西，借给邻居东西。选项A中的“Help When You Can.”与其呼应。故选A。
39. D　解析：空格位于段尾，属于细节句。空格前一句句意：交换电话号码很重要，特别是在你或者你邻居旅行的时候。选项D中的“You can then tell them if you see anything wrong happening.”与上一句所设场景符合。故选D。
40. G　解析：空格位于段尾，也位于篇章结尾，是总结概括的句子。选项G中的“With these tips”与第一段尾句中的“Here are some tips”在篇章结构上前后呼应，并且是经典的总结概括的句型。故选G。


1.【2021年江苏省无锡市模拟卷】
Is Society Too Dependent On Technology?
Just think, what would happen if your computer, iPad or laptop crashed today? What if someone took away your phone for some days or perhaps you lost it? ___16___ Today, most people are becoming dependent on technology.
Most of us cannot go for a minute without looking at our phones and the fear of the battery dying is immense. If you happen to work in offices you may be familiar with this trend. ___17___ Anyway, it’s true. How can work continue if it’s hard to send an email to a colleague or customer? This is common in almost all offices.
Kids used to spend a lot of time with each other or parents playing or just sharing stories. Those evening games after school are over; watching cartoons on a Sunday or playing with friends are no longer there. ____18____ Technology has taken all their time.
Society may have gone too far in technology dependence. It has become so immense that doctors have recommended for “technology detox”. ___19___ If not, according to Oxford Dictionary, Technology Detox is a period during which an individual avoids using any electronic devices including computers, smart phones, etc., as a chance to reduce stress and focus on social interaction in the outside world.
Well, the choice remains in our hands. We must agree that society is being carried away by the increased inventions being introduced in our lives today. ___20___ Meanwhile, we should have the discipline to turn it off when we are supposed to experience life in reality.
A. Perhaps you may have heard of it.
B. We appreciate technology since it has its benefits.
C. If the Internet is down, all the tasks are over for the day.
D. Technology addiction has become a major problem among teenagers.
E. If thinking about these incidences makes you stressed, you are not alone.
F. Here are some signs that our generation depends too much on technology.
G. Today, most kids remain indoors playing computer games or with a smart phone.
【答案】16. E 17. C 18. G 19. A 20. B
【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了现代人对科技的依赖，无论是在办公室的上班簇还是家里的小孩，甚至整个社会。科技确实重要，但我们也要保持生活的真实性，体验真正的生活。
【16题详解】
上两句提到“如果你的电脑，iPad或笔记本电脑今天死机，会发生什么？如果有人拿走你的手机几天或者你弄丢了手机会怎样呢？”承接上文，E选项“如果想到这些会使你焦虑不安，那么你不是一个人（不是只有你有这种情况）”切题。该选项中的incidences对应上文两个问题中发生的情况，该选项的not alone对应下文的most people。故选E项。
【17题详解】
上一句提到“如果你碰巧在办公室工作，你可能比较熟悉这种趋势。”承接上文，C选项“如果网络关闭，今天所有的任务都会结束。”切题。该选项中的all the tasks与上文的work in offices相呼应。故选C项。
【18题详解】
上一句提到“那些看卡通片和朋友玩耍的夜晚活动已经不存在了”承接上文，G项“现如今，大多数小孩待在室内玩电脑游戏或者玩智能手机。”切题。整个这一段都是讲的科技对小孩的影响，只有G选项提到了小孩。故选G项。
【19题详解】
上一句提到“它已经变得如此严重，以至于医生建议进行‘科技排毒’。”承接上文，A项“也许你可能听说过。”切题。该选项中的it对应上一句的“technology detox”，这是一个专有名词，也许你可能听说过。后一句提到“如果没有，根据牛津字典……”所以A选项正好将这两句话连接了起来。故选A项。
【20题详解】
上一句提到“我们必须承认，当今社会对被越来越多的引入我们的生活的发明正在失去自制力。”下一句提到“同时，当我们在现实生活中应该体验生活的时候，我们应该有把它关掉的纪律。”承接上下文，B项“我们欣赏技术，因为它有它的好处。”切题。技术正让我们失去自制能力，但我们不能全盘否定，它有它的好处，但同时我们应该有自制能力。B项正好将前后句连接起来了。故选B项
【点睛】七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即：要关注空白前后的名词和动词，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等。其次是一些专有名词，比如说数词、代词、时间、年代、地点/名称等。在本文中，第4小题中的“it”对应上文“technology detox”，这是一个专有名词，也许你可能听说过。后一句提到“如果没有，根据牛津字典……”所以A选项正好将这两句话连接了起来。故选A项。

2.【2021年江苏省南京市模拟卷】
Concerts should be a fun and enjoyable occasion for everyone attending them,including the musicians.No matter what type of concert one is attending,he is still expected to follow the rules concert etiquette(礼仪）. ___11___
Classical music concerts are often events where concert etiquette is considered to be very important.One should generally arrive a few minutes before the show starts,so he can be in his seat at the beginning of the first musical performance.If he arrives late,it may be considered rude to walk in and take his seat in the middle of a musical performance.___12___In this way,he will not influence other audiences while the music is being played.
___13___Take jazz concerts for example.People are usually not criticized for making a small amount of noise,as long as it is not troubling other audiences.For example,they may talk quietly during a performance.
Rock and heavy metal concert etiquette is very relaxed. ___14___ However,audiences are still expected to show some good manners during a performance.Also,rock concerts are often very crowded,particularly in the areas surrounding the stage.___15___ But one should still pay attention to his surroundings.Stepping on someone's foot repeatedly may cause a fight as well.
A. This will usually be announced before the concert begins.
B. Instead,he should wait for one song to end before taking his seat.
C. Rock concert goerson the other hand,can usually get a little louder.
D. People are not usually discouraged from talking at these types of concerts.
E. In large groups of people like this,it is not unusual to touch others at times.
F. Concert etiquette for other types of concerts is usually a little more relaxed.
G. And the concert etiquette can be different,depending on what type of concert it is.
【答案】11. G 12. B 13. F 14. D 15. E
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种不同种类的演唱会的礼仪。
【11题详解】
根据上文No matter what type of concert one is attending, he is still expected to follow the rules concert etiquette(礼仪)（无论参加哪种类型的音乐会，他都应该遵守规则的音乐会礼仪。）以及下文中提到的Classical music concerts，Take jazz concerts for example和Rock and heavy metal concert可知，文章主要讲述了几种不同类型的音乐会礼仪。设空处承上启下，起过渡作用，G项：And the concert etiquette can be different, depending on what type of concert it is.（音乐会的礼仪也会因音乐会类型的不同而有所不同。）符合语境。故选G。
【12题详解】
根据上文If he arrives late,it may be considered rude to walk in and take his seat in the middle of a musical performance.（如果他迟到了，在音乐表演中走进他的座位上坐下会被认为是不礼貌的。）和下文In this way,he will not influence other audiences while the music is being played.（这样，在播放音乐时，他将不会影响其他观众。）可知，设空处与上文形成转折关系，讲述迟到以后应该遵守的礼仪。B项：Instead,he should wait for one song to end before taking his seat.（相反，他应该等一首歌结束后再坐下。）符合语境。故选B。
【13题详解】
设空处是段落主题句。根据下文Take jazz concerts for example.People are usually not criticized for making a small amount of noise,as long as it is not troubling other audiences（就以爵士音乐会为例。人们通常不会因为制造少量噪音而受到批评，只要不打扰其他观众就行。）可知，此处提到的是另外一种类型的音乐会礼仪，与古典音乐会相比，它会比较轻松。F项：Concert etiquette for other types of concerts is usually a little more relaxed.（其他类型的音乐会礼仪通常要轻松一些。）符合语境。故选F。
【14题详解】
根据上文Rock and heavy metal concert etiquette is very relaxed.（摇滚和重金属音乐会的礼仪是非常放松的。）可知，设空处与上文形成解释说明关系，进一步说明如何让人们感到放松。D项：People are not usually discouraged from talking at these types of concerts.（人们通常不会被劝阻在这类音乐会上讲话。）符合语境。故选D。
【15题详解】
根据上文Also, rock concerts are often very crowded, particularly in the areas surrounding the stage.（此外，摇滚音乐会通常非常拥挤，尤其是在舞台周围的区域。）可知，设空处与人多的时候的处理方式有关，E项：In large groups of people like this, it is not unusual to touch others at times.（在一大群像这样的人当中，有时触摸别人是很正常的。）符合语境，故选E。

3.【2021年江苏省苏锡常镇四市模拟卷】
Rushing to work, watching the stock (股票)market drop daily working long into the night on a project, all of these situations can build up stress. Stress in such situations means pressure, conflict, loss of control, and uncertainty. These feelings can lead to a variety of problems.       36    
What is stress? Stress is your body's physical and psychological response to anything you regard as overpowering. This may be viewed as a result of life's demands, and your lack of resources to meet them.      37      This additional energy cannot be destroyed. If not used, it creates an imbalance within your system. Somehow the energy must be channeled into responses to regain a balance.
      38      Without some stress you would lose your energy for living. You will do well on certain amounts; but too much or too little stress will limit your effectiveness. Ideally,
you find your best level of stress---the balance at which you are most motivated.
      39      It can make you spend your efforts on not being unhappy, rather than on being happy. You can become negatively influenced in your attitudes and feelings about your life more easily. 
In addition, medical research estimates as much as 90 percent of illness and disease is Stress-related.       40      High blood pressure and heart disease have been linked to stress factors. Most health professionals agree stress can be a contributing factor in making existing medical problems worse.
A. These different attitudes influence a person's reaction to stressful situations.
B. That is why stress such an ugly ring.
C. Stress is a natural part of your life.
D. In each person's life there are uncertainties.
E. When stressed, your body creates extra energy to protect itself.
F. Stress can have a bad effect on your physical functioning and bodily processes.
G. Too much stress influences your daily life.
【答案】36-40 BECGF
【解析】
第36题 B 空白处为该段最后一句，应该对第一段进行一个总结，第一段介绍了在许多情况下都会产生压力，这些压力意味着冲突失控不确定性，而这些最终会导致各种各样的问题，这形成了一种恶性循环，故选选B。

第37题 E 空白处应该要结合上下文，上文写压力可以看做生活需求，说明压力的不可或缺性，下文写额外的能量的重要性，而E中涉及额外的能量承上启下，extra energy对应additional energy。

第38题 C 空白处为该段第一句，为总起句，后文介绍了适当的压力的良性作用，故选C，压力是人们生活中很常见的一部分，适当的压力会造成良性后果，而过大或过小的压力都会导致不良后果。

第39题 G 空白处为该段总起句，应该概括该段内容，该段写太多的压力所带来的负面影响，重点在日常生活而非身体方面，故G最适合。

第40题 F 最后一段重点讲述压力是导致疾病的一个重要因素，高血压和心脏病都属于身体机能方面的问题，医疗问题恶化也是不良影响，故与F一一对应。

4.【2021年江苏省南通市模拟卷】
Music makes you more creative.36． , they come up with more creative solutions, according to researchers. It may be because music improves your brain’s flexibility. Another reason may be that it relaxes you enough for the creative juices to flow. But don’t play music too loudly.
Music can help during surgery. 37． . After surgery, it helps reduce pain. An analysis of 73 studies confirmed that listening to music before, during or after surgery reduces anxiety and pain levels, which in turn means less pain medication.
38． Studies have found that when you’re running, biking or walking, you’ll go farther with music on. Music relieves your discomfort and motivates you to stay on. The effect is so obviously great that the author of a review examining the psychological effects of music on exercise called music “a type of legal performance-improvement drug”.
Music aids sleep. Listening to music before bed can help you fall asleep faster and wake up less often during the night. 39． . In one study, seniors with sleep problems who listened to 45 minutes of soft slow music before bed reported a 35 percent improvement in their sleep.
Music gets you to ignore the passing of time. Scientists have shown repeatedly that people judge a period of waiting shorter when music is playing. Businessmen use that to their advantage, playing music so you stay longer and spend more. For instance, more drinks and food are sold in bars and restaurants when music is played. 40． , grocery sales increase by 38 percent.
A．In this case, you’ll feel more relaxed in the morning
B．And if the background music is slow
C．Then you play a piece of brief music
D．When people listen to happy music than when they sit in silence
E. When music is played varying from a tune to another
F. Music makes you get rid of the idea of quitting a workout
G. Listening to music before surgery has been shown to ease anxiety
【答案】36-40 DGFAB
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了音乐的一些好处，包括听音乐会使人更有创造力、有助于降低手术前、手术中或手术后的焦虑和疼痛水平、让人更能坚持锻炼以及辅助睡眠等等。
36．根据后文they come up with more creative solutions, according to researchers. It may be because music improves your brain’s flexibility. Another reason may be that it relaxes you enough for the creative juices to flow.可知他们会想出更有创意的解决方案。这可能是因为音乐提高了你大脑的灵活性。另一个原因可能是它能让你足够放松，让你的创造性思维得以流动。由此可知，本句是在说明当人们听着快乐的音乐时，他们会更有创造力。故D选项“当人们听着快乐的音乐，而不是静静地坐着”符合上下文语境，故选D。
37．根据后文After surgery, it helps reduce pain. An analysis of 73 studies confirmed that listening to music before, during or after surgery reduces anxiety and pain levels, which in turn means less pain medication.可知手术后，它有助于减轻疼痛。一项对73项研究的分析证实，在手术前、手术中或手术后听音乐可以降低焦虑和疼痛水平，从而减少止痛药。由此可知，本句是在说明手术前听音乐可以缓解焦虑。故G选项“手术前听音乐已被证明可以缓解焦虑”符合上下文语境，故选G。
38．根据后文Studies have found that when you’re running, biking or walking, you’ll go farther with music on. Music relieves your discomfort and motivates you to stay on.可知研究发现，当你跑步、骑自行车或走路时，你会随着音乐走得更远。音乐可以缓解你的不适，激励你坚持下去。由此可知，运动时听音乐能让人坚持下去，走得更远，打消放弃的念头。故F选项“音乐能让你打消放弃锻炼的念头”符合上下文语境，故选F。
39．根据上文Music aids sleep. Listening to music before bed can help you fall asleep faster and wake up less often during the night.可知音乐辅助睡眠。睡前听音乐可以帮助你更快入睡，减少夜间醒来的次数。由此可知，音乐有助于睡眠质量的提高，那么结果就是人们早上醒来会感到更放松。故A选项“在这种情况下，你会在早上感到更放松”符合上下文语境，故选A。
40．根据上文Scientists have shown repeatedly that people judge a period of waiting shorter when music is playing. Businessmen use that to their advantage, playing music so you stay longer and spend more.可知科学家们已经反复证明，当音乐响起时，人们会判断等待的时间变短了。商家利用这一点，播放音乐，让你待得更久，花得更多。以及后文grocery sales increase by 38 percent.可知杂货店的销售额会增加38%。由此可知，在酒吧和餐厅播放的背景音乐如果是舒缓的，那么人们会停留更久，消费更多，从而导致杂货店的销售额会增加38%。故B选项“如果背景音乐是慢的”符合上下文语境，故选B。


1.【2021年全国高考I卷】
Swap, Don’t shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources（资源）to make, and buying loads of new clothing（or throwing out old clothing）is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor? ____16____. It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. ____17____ , and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
●____18____. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new" clothes home.
●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.____19____. Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
●Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever. ____20____. And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
D. Just keep music playing throughout
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
F Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. G 19. F 20. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过衣物交换来处理旧衣服的方法——衣物交换派对，以及一些具体的流程。
【16题详解】
根据上文“So what to do with all those perfectly- good-but-you 're- maybe-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor?（那么，该如何处理那些堆在卧室地板上的（看起来）完好但你可能有点厌倦的衣服呢？）”提出关于如何解决旧衣物的问题。下文“It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.（这是扔掉旧衣服、从朋友那里买衣服、同时开派对的最好方法。）”提到了具体处理旧衣物的方法。所以空白处应起承上启下的作用，承接上文讲到的问题，启下提出的方法。因而空白处是提出了一种处理旧衣物的好方法。B项“Hold a clothing swap.（进行衣物交换。）”给出了一种处理旧衣物的方法，承上启下，符合语境。故选B项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection.”（邀请5到10个人，这样你就有一个很好的选择。）说明了应该邀请的人数。下文“and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.”（可能没有足够的东西可供选择；多于这个数量，它就变得无法控制。）说明多于或少于一定数量的人数将会导致一些麻烦。所以空白处应是针对下文中的“more than that”提出的相反的假设，即少于一定数量的人。A项“Less people than that”（少于这些人）提出一种假设，和下文中“more than that”相对，说明人数不宜太多，也不能太少，符合语境。故选A项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.”（他们还应该准备大量的可重复使用的袋子，把他们的“新”衣服带回家。）说明去的时候应该为交换所得的“新衣服”准备袋子。G项“Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition.”（告诉每个人带来品相完好的衣服。）说明去参加衣物交换的时候应该带完好的衣服，其中的bring和下文中carry相对，都是为交换衣物所做的准备。下文中的also也是提示词，并且其中They指代G项的everyone。所以G项符合语境。故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.”（把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不同地方。）指出衣服应该归类放置。下文“Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on.”（在房间周围放几面镜子，这样人们试穿时就能看到衣服的样子。）提到了放置镜子的意义。由此可见，本段讲述的是房间里的一些具体的做法，所以空白处一样要提出人们在房间里要做什么。F项“Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots.（让每个人的衣服都放在相应的位置上。）”说明每个人应该按照不同类型把衣服摆放在相应的位置，符合语境。故选F项。
【20题详解】
上文“Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever.”（设置开始时间。也许你说“开始”，或者打开一首歌，或者无论什么。）打开音乐或者无论什么，意味聚会开始。下文“And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!”（别忘了拿出一些饼干和水果。记住，这是个派对！）讲到了聚会上应该提供一些派对该有的服务。因而，空白处应是承接上文，讲述聚会期间要保持应有的内容。D项“Just keep music playing throughout.”（要始终播放音乐。）承上启下，说明在派对上要有音乐，与前文形成意义上的一致，符合题意，故选D项。

2.【2021年全国高考II卷】
According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party.
___36___, if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.
People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do you do for a living?”, you’ll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you’re talking to. ___37___, it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation.
___38___? If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox （讲台）. If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation.___39___.
And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment（赞扬）. ___40___. Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard.
A. How do you know the host
B. The first step is to go exploring
C. If you ask the question “How did you get here?”
D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F. What about that person who had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【答案】36. B 37. C 38. F 39. E 40. G
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在晚宴上让自己表现得有趣的一些方法。
【36题详解】
根据上文“it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party (在晚宴上让自己变得有趣并不难)”可知，下文应主要讲述如何在晚宴上让自己变得有趣。下文“So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers. (所以最主要的事情就是去尝试，去冒险，尝试不同的食物，和陌生人交谈)”可推知，本段主要说明想在晚宴上让自己变得有趣，就要勇于冒险，勇于探索。由此可知，B项“The first step is to go exploring(第一步是去探索)”承上启下，符合题意。故选B项。
【37题详解】
根据下文“it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation. (它可以带入“我有这辆破旧的车”或“我和那些在后面嘲笑愚蠢笑话的疯子一起乘坐公共汽车。”它只是打开了对话)”可知，设空处应该是提了一个不太好的问题，只是开始交流，但并不会给人留下有趣的印象。由此可知，C项“If you ask the question “How did you get here?”(如果你问“你是怎么到这里来的？”这个问题)”能够承接下文，符合题意。故选C项。
【38题详解】
根据下文“If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox. If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. (如果你不能拿走他们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方。如果你是主人，你可以让他们到厨房帮你做点什么，只是为了让他们摆脱那种情景)”可知，此处指出了一个问题的解决办法。由此推知，设空处提到了一个棘手的问题。F项“What about the person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking(喝太多酒或一直说个不停的人怎么办)”正是提出的问题，引出下文的解决办法，符合题意。故选F项。
【39题详解】
根据上文“If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台). If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. (如果你不能拿走他们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方。如果你是主人，你可以让他们到厨房帮你做点什么，只是为了让他们摆脱那种情景)”可知，本段主要是为解决“喝太多酒或一直说个不停”这个问题提供方法。由此可知，E项“Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say(或者把谈话变成他们没什么可说的话题)”是提出的另一个解决办法，承接上文，符合题意。故选E项。
【40题详解】
根据上文“If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment.(如果你在晚宴上遭遇了尴尬的沉默，唯一能让大家再次交谈的方法就是赞美主人)”可知，此处指出赞美主人可以缓解尴尬的沉默，设空处承上启下，下文“This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.(这蛋糕特别好吃，你得告诉我它的一切)”对主人进行了赞美。由此可知，宴会上出现尴尬的沉默时，最尴尬的就是主人，所以需要赞美主人来缓解尴尬。G项“He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most(他或她是最能感受到那种尴尬的人)”承上启下，符合题意。故选G项。

3.【2021年新高考I卷】
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.     36      So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn't entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管)worked      37      Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, "Ouverture des portes,"in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it's a shame I don't have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight.      38      French strawberries do not taste like cardboard Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
     39     On our first morning in Paris, I went around the comer to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
    In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency（效率）. You can tell this by cafe life. French cafés are always crowded.     40     When do these people work? The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously - so seriously that some labor unions recently struck deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in Franc is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.
【答案】FCGEA
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我和丈夫在巴黎一周生活的所见所想。
36. F
【解题思路】空格前讲，"我"和丈夫在巴黎呆了一周。空格后知，我们做的第一件事就是
租了一间只有一个橱柜那么大的贵得惊人的六楼公寓。由 So 知它与空格内容构成因果关系，之所以租公寓，是因为我们想看看在某种程度上能不能像真正的巴黎人一样生活。故选F。
37. C
【解题思路】不过，这个地方并不完全是正宗的。与普通的巴黎公寓不同，这里的管道工作
正常。空格后讲我们的公寓甚至还有一个小小的电梯。由此知此处描述公寓的情况。故选 C。
38. G
【解题思路】空格前讲，巴黎人与你我不同，他们从不显得懒惰或邋遢。正如几周前有人在
这篇论文中提到的，他们吃的食物很好，而且体重从未增加。空格后讲，法国的草莓味道很
好。由此知，本句要讲法国食物的美味，作用是承上启下。故选G。
39.E
【解题思路】这题为第四段第一句话，功能为承接第三段引起第四段。所以大家做题时要看第三段的内容和第四段的内容，并且概括二段的大意。法国人吃得少的第一点原因是第三段中描述的食物美味，以至于不需要量太多，你就已经满足。第二个原因在第四段，太昂贵，买不起，所以一次只吃一点点。故选E。
40.A
【解题思路】在法国，生活质量比效率更重要，你可以从咖啡馆生活中看出这一点。法国的
咖啡馆总是人满为患。空格后讲这些人什么时间上班呢? 由此知，咖啡馆的顾客并非都是游
客。故选 A。
【长难句分析】As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago.they eat great food and
never gain weight.（第三段第三句）
分析∶ 关系代词 As 代指主句内容作非限制性定语从句的宾语。
译文∶ 正如几周前有人在这篇论文中指出的那样，他们吃得很好，而且从不发胖。
词汇积累∶ fantastically adv.奇特地explode v.爆炸authentic adj.真实的flavor n.滋味，风味
independent adj. 独立的。

4.【2021年浙江高考卷】
You've got mail…and it's a postcard
Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls. Or China's Great Wall. ___11___
"I often send postcards to family and friends." he says to China Daily, "but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it ___12___ ” Seeking other like-minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. Many would say the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo's hunch（直觉）paid off.
Today his hobby has developed into the website postcrossing.com, a social network that has grown to 575,217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10 years ago. ___13___ Running the website has almost turned into a full-time job.
Language is certainly a harrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other. As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't understand it. ___14___ So a common language is required and in postcrossing that's English since it's widely spoken.
"Many people in China have limited exposure to English. ___15___ That said, we know of many postcrossing members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing," Paulo says.
A. And that's totally fine
B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it
C. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby
D. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E. On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
【答案】11. G 12. A 13. E 14. F 15. B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Paulo Magalhaes创建postcrossing.com的过程及其现状。Paulo Magalhaes非常喜欢明信片但是苦于身边没有与他志趣相投的人，于是他开始从网上寻求志同道合的人，因而创立了postcrossing.com。随着公司在全球不断壮大，语言成为沟通的主要障碍，后来英语被选为共同语言方便大家交流。
【11题详解】
上文“Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored image of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls. Or China’s Great Wall.( 34岁的葡萄牙电脑工程师Paulo Magalhaes喜欢打开他的邮箱，然后发现一个色彩鲜艳的罗马斗牛场图像。或者非洲的维多利亚瀑布。或者是中国的长城)”介绍了Paulo喜欢明信片的个人爱好。下文“... and you realize that not everyone is into it.”说明他身边缺少与他志趣相投的人。选项G“In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a scribbled note from someone far away.(简而言之，他喜欢明信片，也喜欢收到远方某人潦草的便条时的那种兴奋)”起到承上启下的作用，总结了上文Paulo喜欢明信片，也引出下文关于他的喜好得不到回应的问题。故选G项。
【12题详解】
上文““I often send postcards to family and friends." he says to China Daily, “but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it(“我经常给家人和朋友寄明信片， ”他说，“但你可以想象，过一段时间，你收到的明信片不会像你寄的那么多，而且你意识到并不是每个人都喜欢这样。”)”说明Paulo意识到身边的亲人和朋友不是都和他有相同的爱好，因此他也很坦然接受这个事实，因此选项A“那完全没问题”符合语境。故选A项。
【13题详解】
上文“Today his hobby has evolved into the website Postcrossing.com, a social network that has grown to 575,217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he launched it 10 years ago.(如今，他的这个爱好已经发展成了Postcrossing.com这个社交网站。自从10年前他创建这个网站以来，已经有来自214个国家和地区的575217名注册用户)”是在介绍目前网站的发展状况，因此符合文意的只有E选项“8月5日，会员互赠的明信片数量达到3100万张”是在介绍该网站相关的数据。故选E项。
【14题详解】
上文“As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't understand it.(收到一张用中文写明信片可能很酷，但如果你不理解它，这个概念就行不通)”是举例说明他国人收到中文明信片时的问题。选项F“Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card written in Swedish takes part of the fun away.(同样地，如果你只会说中文，收到瑞典语的卡片也会夺走一部分乐趣)”是举例说明中国人收到他国语言明信片时也会遇到相同的问题。两句相结合，符合结论句的语义要求，故选F项。
【15题详解】
上文“Many people in China have limited exposure to English.(许多中国人很少能接触到英语)”说明对某些人来说学习英语的门槛较高。结合下文“... who actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing.(他们实际上通过使用明信片来提高他们的英语技能)”可知，写明信片成为一种练习英语的渠道。因此选项B “这使得学习和练习它变得格外困难 ”符合语境要求，说明对一些人来说学习和练习英语的难度较高，因为渠道较少。故选B项。