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    考向60 语法填空之解答名词、数词、形容词和副词类填空的3策略-备战2022年高考英语一轮复习考点微专题

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    这是一份考向60 语法填空之解答名词、数词、形容词和副词类填空的3策略-备战2022年高考英语一轮复习考点微专题,文件包含考向60语法填空之解答名词数词形容词和副词类填空的3策略解析版-备战2022年高考英语一轮复习考点微专题docx、考向60语法填空之解答名词数词形容词和副词类填空的3策略原卷版-备战2022年高考英语一轮复习考点微专题docx等2份试卷配套教学资源,其中试卷共32页, 欢迎下载使用。
    考向60 语法填空
    解答名词/数词/形容词和副词类填空的3策略
    宏观分析
    1. 根据句子结构和设空所作成分,确定所填词
    ①名词(短语)和代词在句中常作主语、宾语,也作表语(如第2句中的a must)、定语。
    ②空前有形容词、冠词、形容词性物主代词或介词时,空处考虑填名词。
    ③注意一些介词加名词组成的短语,根据句意和搭配填名词。如: by accident (偶然), with patience (耐心地)等。
    ④设空依然填名词,根据修饰词和谓语的数,结合名词的数的规则,确定填复数形式。
    2.形容词与副词的确定
    ①形容词与副词的修饰对象不同,形容词修饰名词或代词;副词修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或者整个句子。根据修饰对象的不同来确定所用的词性。
    ②形容词常和系动词构成系表结构。
    ③选用形容词还是副词由修饰关系决定,与位置的远近无关。
    策略一 词形转换---句法功能法与位置判断法
    【考情再现】
    1. (2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e. g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, ________ (wealth) travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.
    答案与解析 wealthy 设空在句中作定语,修饰名词people,应用形容词,故填wealthy。
    2. (2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. ________ (certain) , this plant is a must.
    答案与解析 Certainly 分析句子结构可知,设空在句中作状语修饰全句,应用副词,故填Certainly。
    3. (2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Chinese New Year is ________ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
    答案与解析 celebration 设空处所填词在句中作表语,且设空前是不定冠词a,应填名词。故填celebration。
    4. (2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): ________ (beauty) long covered with pink­colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.
    答案与解析 beautiful 设空在句中修饰名词branches,应用形容词作定语。故填beautiful。
    5. (2020·全国卷Ⅲ)As the small boat ________ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
    答案与解析 gently 设空处在句中修饰动词moved,应用副词gently作状语,表“缓缓地”。故填gently。
    6. (2019·全国卷Ⅰ)In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to ________ (believe) that populations are increasing.
    答案与解析 belief 此处为动词短语lead to的宾语,且前面有a修饰,故要用名词单数形式。
    7. (2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Her years of hard work have ________ (final) after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
    答案与解析 finally 设空处修饰谓语have been acknowledged,应用副词,故填finally。
    8. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of ________ (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it.
    答案与解析 competition 设空处在句中作know of的宾语,且设空所填词由空格前的不定冠词an和形容词interesting修饰,由此可知该空应填单数名词。故填competition。
    9. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)They also shared with us many ________ (tradition) about Hawaii that were ________ (huge) with tourists.
    答案与解析 traditional; hugely 第一空在句中修饰名词stories作定语,应用形容词,tradition的形容词为traditional,故填traditional。第二空在句中作状语修饰形容词popular,应用副词,huge的副词为hugely,故填hugely。
    10. (2018·全国卷Ⅰ)To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises ________ (strength) (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes.
    答案与解析 strengthen 句意:为了避免膝盖疼痛,你可以在柔软的地面上跑步、锻炼以增强腿部肌肉,避免山路并穿上优质的跑步鞋。设空前是不定式符号to,设空后是名词短语,故该空应填strength的动词形式strengthen,意为“加强”。
    11. (2020·天津高考7月卷)According to Professor Johnson, we don't have to read the book if we don't want to, as it ________ (option).
    答案与解析 optional 句意:根据约翰逊教授的说法,如果我们不想读这本书,就不必读,因为它是可选择的。空处在句中作表语,应用形容词,表“可选择的”,故填optional。
    12. (2020·浙江高考1月卷)This is ________ (particular) in the US. The second reason is that people are living longer.
    答案与解析 particularly 设空在句中作状语,修饰形容词true,表“尤其地;特别地”,应用副词,故填particularly。
    【技巧微点】
    1. 句法功能法——分析句子成分,确定所填词在句中所作成分
    填形容词
    ·作定语,修饰名词或复合不定代词。
    ·作表语,表主语的性质或状态。
    ·作主语补足语,补充说明主语或作宾语补足语,补充说明宾语。
    ·作状语,说明主语的状态或心理感受。
    填副词
    ·作状语,修饰动词(短语)、介词(短语)、形容词、副词或整个句子。
    填名词
    ·作表语,表明主语是“什么”, 说明主语的身份、特征。
    ·作主语、同位语或及物动词(短语)或介词(短语)的宾语。
    ·作定语说明被修饰词的材料、功能、时间、地点、内容、类别时,如adult education。
    填谓语/非谓语
    ·提示词是形容词或名词,设空作谓语或非谓语,添加后缀(­ize/­ise/­fy/­ify/­en) 或前缀(en­)变为提示词的动词形式。
    填提示词的反义词
    ·根据句意和逻辑关系,确定提示词词性不变,确定句意表否定,添加否定前缀(如un­, il­, ab­, ir­, in­, dis­, mis­, non­)或否定后缀(­less)变为其反义词。
    2. 设空位置判断法——确定填名词或形容词
    ·在“冠词+形容词 +________”或“冠词+________ of” 结构中,填名词。
    ·在形容词性物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格、数词、形容词后,填名词。
    ·在“冠词+________+名词”或“one of the ________ +名词” 结构中,填形容词。
    策略二 考查比较等级——利用标志词确定比较级
    【考情再现】
    13. (2020·全国卷Ⅲ)One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present ________ (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.
    答案与解析 finest 句意:一天,皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像,于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来,展示他们最好的作品,以便他挑选最好的。结合句意,皇帝想要画家最好的作品,表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。
    14. (2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are ________ (high) they actually are.
    答案与解析 higher 根据设空后的比较级提示词than可知,设空处应填形容词的比较级,故填higher。
    15. (2018·全国卷Ⅰ)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years ________ (long) non­runners.
    答案与解析 longer 句意:根据一份医学杂志中的证据报告,跑步者比非跑步者的寿命长三年。设空后是比较级提示词than,故该空应填比较级longer。
    16. (2018·全国卷Ⅲ)He screams ________ (loud) . The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.
    答案与解析 loudest 根据语境“他尖叫的声音最大”,结合设空前的定冠词the和设空后的表示范围的介词短语of all可知,该空应用最高级,故填loudest。
    17. (2020·浙江高考1月卷)The first is declining birth rates, which means old generations are large compared to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes ________ (old) than before.
    答案与解析 older 句意:第一个是出生率下降,这意味着老年人口比年轻人人口多,因此,平均而言,人口比以前老龄化。根据句中比较级提示词than,可知此处用比较级,故填older。
    18. (2018·浙江高考)There could be an ________ (high) cost on your health.
    答案与解析 higher 设空修饰名词cost,应用形容词,设空前的even表示程度,修饰比较级,故填higher。
    【技巧微点】
     提示词是形容词或副词,根据语境和句意,该词词性不变,意思不变,则可能填该词的原级、比较级或最高级。
    1. 标志词确定等级法
    ①设空后含有than ...结构时,用比较级;含有as时可能用形容词/副词原级。
    ②设空前有用来修饰比较级的词语much, far, even, rather, any (否定或疑问句中), a little, a bit, a great deal及倍数(twice, three times)等用形容词/副词比较级。
    ③设空后有表示范围的标志词in, of, among等,用形容词/副词最高级。
    ④设空前有 one of the, the+序数词, by far the等修饰词,用形容词/副词最高级。
    2. 利用固定句型
    ①“the+比较级 ...,the+比较级 ...”表“越……,(就)越……”。
    ②比较级+and+比较级,表“越来越……”。
    ③“否定词+比较级”结构,表最高级含义。
    ④倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as。
    3. 利用隐含信息判断
    句中虽没有than等标志词,但暗含比较级,也用比较级。
    策略三 考查名词的单复数——利用标志词确定名词的单复数
    【考情再现】
    19. (2018·全国卷Ⅰ)A mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from ________ (cause).
    答案与解析 causes cause作“原因”讲时,是可数名词,根据设空前的all可知,设空处应用复数名词,故填causes。
    20. (2017·全国卷Ⅱ)It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to ________ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from work.
    答案与解析 crowds 设空前有形容词terrible,故该空不能填动名词。crowd作“人群”讲时,为可数名词,常用复数形式。the crowd“人群”;a crowd of “一群/一堆……”,crowds of “成群”;be crowded with “挤满……”。
    21. (2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She has turned down ________ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.
    答案与解析 invitations 句意:为了专心学习,她已经拒绝了几场走秀。根据设空前的several可知,设空所填名词应用复数形式。句中应记牢的短语turn_down_“拒绝”;concentrate_on_“专心于”。
    22. (2020·浙江高考7月卷)Later, they learned to work with ________ (season), planting at the right time and, in dry areas, making use of annual floods to irrigate (灌溉) their fields.
    答案与解析 seasons 句意:后来,他们学会了因地制宜,在适当的时间播种,在干旱地区,利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。结合常识可知此处指一年四季,故season应用复数形式。故填seasons。
    23. (2020·浙江高考1月卷)For Japan, ________ (number) more striking—22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050.
    答案与解析 numbers 句意:对日本来说,这个数字更惊人——1950年是22,现在是46, 2050年是53。设空在句中作主语,根据谓语动词are可知,主语应用复数,故填numbers。
    24. (2019·北京高考)No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in ________ (activity) on Earth Day.
    答案与解析 activities 设空在句中作in的宾语,且设空前是形容词various, 故填复数形式activities。
    25. (2018·浙江高考11月卷改编)One study showed that ________ (woman) who drank a lot of coffee, like eight or more cups per day, while were pregnant were more likely to have ________ (child) with birth defects.
    答案与解析 women; children 根据该句中的代词they和第一空前无表示“一”的限定词可知,第一空后应用复数形式,故填women; 第二空在句中作宾语,且与句中已有的主语they一致,应用复数形式,故填children。
    【技巧微点】
    提示词是名词,分析句子成分后发现词性不需改变,则考虑用所给名词的复数形式,同时注意不规则变化的情况。
    1. 利用名词前的修饰语,确定名词的单复数形式
    ①不定冠词a, an后用单数名词。
    ②名词前有one of the, among时用复数名词。
    ③名词前有these, those, many, several, few, a few, a number of, hundreds of, a couple of, a dozen of, all, both, other等词时,填复数名词。
    ④名词前有≥2的基数词,如two, three等时,填复数名词。
    ⑤名词前有形容词different, various等时,填复数名词。
    2. 利用谓语的数确定名词的数
    ①所填名词作主语,且谓语动词是复数形式are, were, have等,填复数名词。
    ②所填名词作主语,且谓语动词是单数,则填单数名词。
    3. 牢记习惯上用复数形式的名词或短语
    belongings/possessions “财物”; congratulations “祝贺”; surroundings “环境”; good manners “礼貌”; take turns “轮流”; take pains “努力”; in all directions “向四面八方”; in ruins “成为废墟”; in high spirits “兴致勃勃”; living conditions “生活条件”; make preparations for “为……做准备”等。
    【检测训练】
    1
    阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
    Yano Koji (矢野浩二), 1. actor from Japan, is no stranger to Chinese people. The actor has appearance on many Chinese TV shows. This January, when he learned that the novel coronavirus (新型冠状病毒) 2. (hit) China hard, he decided to do something to help Chinese people. He was working in Japan then and he got 130,000 masks (口罩) with the help of his friends. Then he donated (捐赠) all these masks to Wuhan, the worst-hit city in China.
    Later, Yano got many thankful messages from Chinese people. “I just did 3. I should do. I began working in China in 2000. During those years I worked there, I got help and 4. (encourage) from many Chinese people. Because of them, I am where I am today. I’m 5. (thank) to China and the Chinese people,” he said. “I feel sad seeing China in such trouble. It makes me happy to do anything I can 6. (make) my Chinese friends happy.”
    Yano was also glad to see that many other Japanese people had touched the Chinese with their 7. (time) help and kind words. “We two countries are neighbors and should help each other. When we had difficulties, we got help from the Chinese as well,” he said.
    8. (talk) about Wuhan, Yano said, “I traveled there to work and stayed for about a week. I tried the food there 9. was really delicious. When the bad times are over, I will 10. (certain) go there again.”
    2
    阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
    Geography is the study of the relationship between people and the land. Geographers compare and contrast 11. (variety) places on the earth. But they also go beyond the individual places and consider the earth as a whole. The word geography comes from two Greek words: ge,the Greek word for "earth" and graphein, 12. means "to write". The English word geography means "to describe the earth". Some geography books focus on a small area like a town or city. 13. deal with a state, a region, a nation, or 14. entire continent. Many geography books deal with the whole earth. Another way 15. (divide) the study of geography is to distinguish between physical geography and cultural geography. The former focuses on the natural world; the latter starts with human beings and studies how human beings and their environment act 16. each other. But when geography is considered as a single subject, 17. branch can neglect the other.A geographer might be described as one who observes, records, and explains the18. (differ) between places. If all places look alike, there would be little need for geographers.
    We know, however, 19. no two places are exactly the same. Geography, then , is a point of view, a special way of 20. (look) at places.
    3
    阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
    A trial of an autonomous minibus 21. (start) at Southeast University in Jiangsu Province recently. The trial began on Friday at the university’s campus in the Jiangbei New Area in Nanjing, 22. (mark) the first time when an autonomous vehicle has been used at a Chinese university.
    The four- meter- long electric minibus has six seats and can carry up to 12 people. The system uses data from eight radars that 23. (locate) around the vehicle to automatically avoid obstacles as it runs along a 4.5 kilometers route between research buildings, canteens 24. the dormitories. The bus can travel for 14 hours on a full charge, at a top speed of 20 kilometers per hour. Staff are on duty to ensure the safe 25. (operate) of the vehicle and to respond in case of an emergency.
    The project is part of China’s wider efforts 26. (develop) environmentally-friendly transportation systems. A number of Chinese companies, Alibaba and Baidu 27. (include), are working on the research and development of autonomous driving technology. And they must make adjustments for 28. (extreme) bad weather and changes in road conditions. There is no doubt 29. autonomous driving technology will make our life 30. convenient than before.
    4
    阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
    I’m writing to invite you to the community lecture 31. (concern) garbage classification. Given that most neighbors fail to classify garbage properly 32. they really try to, our community 33. (organize) this lecture in an attempt to guide this deed. Garbage classification is 34. great significance. First, not only can it cope with pollution issue 35. (effective) but more space originally 36. (occupy) by wasteland will be spared. Second, we can undeniably make 37. difference by taking advantage of recyclable garbage. To fulfill your 38. (responsible) to live an eco-life, come and join in the lecture that is expected 39. (give) at 3 p.m. next Sunday on the playground. Only with combined efforts can we make 40. (we) neighborhood better.
    5
    阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
    Chinese movie theaters are never running short on youth films. So Young, Fleet of Time and Yesterday Once More 41. (be) just a few that have hit the big screen in recent years.
    Here comes another one — Youth (芳华) by director Feng Xiaogang, which 42. (show) on Dec 15, 2017. But there is a big 43. (different). It’s devotedd to the youth of our parents’ generation.
    Set in the 1970s, the story begins in a military arts troupe (部队文工团), in which the soldiers’ duties are 44. (sing), dance and promote culture. He Xiaoping is a newcomer and a 45. (talent) dancer. With a painful childhood, she wants to make a fresh start in the troupe, 46. her family’s background makes her the laughing stock (笑柄) among the other girls. 47. only person that’s nice to her is Liu Feng, a kind and 48. (self) man.
    According to iFeng News, Youth is 49. (actual) an old and personal work that Feng devotes to his own experiences of working in a troupe.
    “50. I look back in time, everything else in my life seems to be black and white,” he said. “The days in the troupe are the only part of my memory that always remains colorful.”
    6
    阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
    Countries receiving Chinese vaccines
    China is providing vaccine aid to 53 developing countries 51. (include) Pakistan, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Wang Wenbin said Monday. China has exported or is in 52. process of exporting vaccines to 22 countries, the spokesperson told a routine press briefing.
    China has taken concrete steps 53. (honor)its pledge to make vaccines global public goods, once available, with greater affordability and 54. (accessible) in developing countries, Wang said. China 55. (join) COVAX up to now and decided to offer 10 million vaccines to the56. (internation) sharing scheme, 57. (main) to help meet the needs of developing countries, he 58. (add).
    "China will continue its vaccine cooperation with relevant 59. (country), offer support within its capability and make concrete contributions to securing a victory60. the pandemic as soon as possible and to building a global community of health for all," Wang said.
    7
    阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
    What springs to mind when you think of kung fu, also known as wushu? You may think of the image of Shaolin monks 61. (strike) fierce poses with a determined look in their eyes, or popular children’s movies like Kung Fu Panda. But do they really portray the meaning of kung fu?
    Recently, Laurence J. Brahm, a documentary filmmaker from the United States, explored this question in Searching for Kung Fu. In the movie, Brahm travelled to cities in China and the US in search of 62. origin and value of kung fu.
    As a kung fu lover who 63. (devote) to the practice for more than 40 years, pursuing this craft was more than a pastime for Brahm.
    Around a decade ago, because of his64. (able) to use one of his legs for about two years, he began to practice martial arts, 65. resulted in his gradual recovery. Now, kung fu has become a daily routine for him and also the way he 66. (greet) the day.67. (doubt), Brahm can’t appreciate kung fu too much, seeing it as a mirror of Chinese culture.
    68. the physical benefits kung fu brings to the body, some others find 69. (add) meanings in the practice. They believe Chinese kung fu is full of Chinese philosophies and core values. Kung fu artists always salute with baoquan, which lets each person know that there are no70. (hide) weapons and shows trust.
    8
    阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
    Can knots(结)be a form of art? It is in China. They have a long history and a71. (culture) meaning even today.
    A Chinese knot is 72. is woven (编)from a single length of rope to be a variety of shapes. Each shape has 73. (it) own meaning, and Chinese knots are usually woven in the red color, which indicates good fortune.
    Originally, people may have made them 74. (record) information and convey messages before they started to write. It is known that they75. (intend) for artistic decoration and to express thoughts and feelings in the Tang Dynasty. The Tang Empire was a large one that covered most of the 76. (region) of modem China, and succeeding generations carried on77. traditional art form as part of their culture.
    Now, some people use knots when they dress 78. traditional Chinese clothing. They are a means of 79. (fasten) traditional clothes instead of buttons. And silk is most 80. (wide) used to make these clothing knots.
    9
    阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
    The trade routes are of great importance. In march, the Suez Canal, one of the world's most important sea trade routes, 81. (block) by a ship, causing an epic maritime traffic jam of nearly 300 ships between Europe and Asia. Besides the Suez Canal, China's ancient Silk Road also played 82. important role in trade and cultural exchanges between China and Europe.
    In early history, The Silk Road was the most important trade route, 83. (mark) the beginning of globalization. As the first route 84. introduced the Eastern world to the Western civilization, the Silk Road in China can date 85. the Han dynasty in ancient China. In the following years in history, many great figures had made significant 86. (contribute) to the development of the Silk Road.
    Though the Silk Road was mainly a trading route, it was 87. (benefit) to each other in the first place. It 88. (actual) made great attraction to the development of the civilization of the world, opening long-distance political and economic communication between Europe and Asia. The ancient Silk Road is more like a historical textbook, enabling people from different cultures and regions 89. (comprehend) what happened during the ancient time. Up to now, the Silk Road in China 90. (bring) great attraction to the tourism in China even in the world.
    10
    阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
    It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, 91. (prove)irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored(修复)to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln's home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought it 92. $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their 93. (marry)ceremony in 1842.
    When the house was built, it was much 94. (small)than it is today. Mary's niece wrote, "The little home 95. (paint)white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of 96. (she), everything in good taste and in perfect order.
    Although Mary loved flowers, 97. she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long- time neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over 98. (plant)flowers in the front yard.
    99. Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and 100. (sell)most of their furniture.

    参考答案
    1
    1. an
    2. hit
    3. what
    4. encouragement
    5. thankful
    6. to make
    7. timely
    8. Talking
    9. which
    10. certainly
    【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了矢野浩二,一位来自日本的演员,在疫情重创中国时向中国捐赠了13万个口罩,并对收到中国人的感谢信息发表了感想。
    1. 考查冠词。句意:矢野浩二,一位来自日本的演员,对中国人来说并不陌生。根据此处既不特指,也非同一个东西第二次出现,又因名词actor为元音音标开头是可数名词,可知要用不定冠词an,意为“一个”。故填an。
    2. 考查时态。句意:今年1月,当他得知新冠肺炎疫情重创中国时,他决定为帮助中国人民做些事情。分析句子可知,此处是that从句的谓语,根据时间状语This January可知此处时态也是一般过去时,因此要用动词过去式,hit—hit—hit。故填hit。
    3. 考查宾语从句的引导词。句意:我只是做了我该做的事。分析句子可知,“what I should do”整个句子是做did的宾语,在宾语从句中do缺宾语,因此用what,意为“什么”。故填what。
    4. 考查名词。句意:在那里工作的那些年里,我得到了许多中国人的帮助和鼓励。根据前面的并列连词 and及名词help,此处要用名词,作并列宾语。故填encouragement。
    5. 考查形容词。句意:我感谢中国和中国人民。短语be thankful to后面加人,表示“感谢某人”。故填thankful。
    6. 考查动词不定式。句意:为了让我的中国朋友开心,我愿意做任何事。根据to do anything I can可知此处要用动词不定式,作目的状语。故填to make。
    7. 考查形容词。句意:矢野浩二也很高兴看到许多其他日本人用他们及时的帮助和亲切的话语感动了中国人。根据名词help可知此处要用形容词,作定语。timely adj.“及时的,适时的”。故填timely。
    8. 考查非谓语动词。句意:谈到武汉,矢野浩二说:“我去那里工作了大约一个星期。我尝试了那里的食物,真的很美味。当艰难的日子过去了,我一定会再去的。”分析句子可知,talk与主语Yano是主谓关系,又与谓语动词said同时发生,因此要用现在分词表主动,作状语。故填Talking。
    9. 考查定语从句的引导词。句意:谈到武汉,矢野浩二说:“我去那里工作了大约一个星期。我尝试了那里的食物,真的很美味。当艰难的日子过去了,我一定会再去的。”分析句子可知,was really delicious是一个定语从句,根据定语从句was really delicious中缺少主语,且先行词是food,因此要用关系代词which。故填which。
    10. 考查副词。句意:谈到武汉,矢野浩二说:“我去那里工作了大约一个星期。我尝试了那里的食物,真的很美味。当艰难的日子过去了,我一定会再去的。”根据谓语动词will go可知此处要用副词,作状语。故填certainly。
    2
    11. various
    12. which
    13. Others
    14. an
    15. to divide
    16. on/upon
    17. neither
    18. differences
    19. that
    20. looking
    【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章对地理学科进行了介绍。
    11. 考查形容词。句意:地理学家比较和对比地球上的不同地方。修饰名词places应用形容词作定语。形容词various意为“不同的”。故填various。
    12. 考查定语从句。句意:“geography”这个词来自两个希腊词:“ge”,希腊语中表示“地球”,“graphein”的意思是“书写”。在非限制性定语从句中缺少主语,且先行词为graphein,所以应用关系代词which,that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
    13. 考查代词。句意:另一些则涉及一个国家、一个地区、一个民族或整个大陆。根据“Some geography books”可知,此处是指另外一些书,应用代词others代指,作主语。句首首字母应大写。故填Others。
    14. 考查不定冠词。句意:另一些则涉及一个国家、一个地区、一个民族或整个大陆。根据“a state, a region, a nation”可知,此处应用不定冠词表示泛指,entire开头发音为元音,所以应用不定冠词an。故填an。
    15. 考查to do不定式。句意:另一些则涉及一个国家、一个地区、一个民族或整个大陆。修饰抽象名词way应用to do不定式。故填to divide。
    16. 考查介词。句意:前者关注自然世界;后者从人类开始,研究人类和环境如何相互作用。act on/upon意为“对……起作用”,为固定搭配,所以应用介词on或upon。故填on/upon。
    17. 考查形容词。句意:但当地理作为一门单一学科时,任何一个分支都不能忽视另一个分支。根据the other可知,此处是指两个分支都不能忽视对方,应用形容词neither表示“两者都不的”,修饰名词branch。故填neither。
    18. 考查名词复数。句意:地理学家可以被描述为观察、记录和解释各地差异的人。作动词explains的宾语应用名词,名词difference意为“不同”,地方之间的差异有很多,所以应用名词复数。故填differences。
    19. 考查宾语从句。句意:然而,我们知道,没有两个地方是完全相同的。在宾语从句中不缺少成分和意义,所以应用从属连词that引导。故填that。
    20. 考查动名词。句意:地理是一种观点,一种观察地方的特殊方式。在介词of后应用动名词作宾语。故填looking。
    3
    21. has (been) started
    22. marking
    23. are located
    24. and
    25. operation
    26. to develop
    27. included
    28. extremely
    29. that
    30. more
    【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了无人驾驶汽车试验过程和前景。
    21. 考查时态。句意:近日,江苏省东南大学开始了自动驾驶小巴的试验。根据句中的recently可知,用现在完成时,且主语A trial of an autonomous minibus与动词start,根据句意,可以是被动关系也可以不用被动。故填has (been) started。
    22. 考查非谓语动词。句意:上周五,无人驾驶汽车在南京江北新区中山大学校园开始试用,这是中国高校首次使用无人驾驶汽车。逻辑主语The trial与动词mark是主动关系。故填marking。
    23. 考查时态和语态。句意:该系统利用位于车辆周围8个雷达的数据,在车辆沿着研究大楼、食堂和宿舍之间4.5公里的路线行驶时自动避开障碍物。陈述客观事实,用一般现在时。主语eight radars与动词locate是被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填are located。
    24. 考查连词。句意:该系统利用位于车辆周围8个雷达的数据,在车辆沿着研究大楼、食堂和宿舍之间4.5公里的路线行驶时自动避开障碍物。空格前buildings, canteens与空格后的dormitories是并列关系。故填and。
    25. 考查名词。句意:工作人员值班以确保车辆的安全运行,并在紧急情况下作出反应。根据空格前的形容词safe以及空格后的介词of,可知空格处填名词。故填operation。
    26. 考查非谓语动词。句意:该项目是中国发展环境友好型交通系统的广泛努力的一部分。effort后面常接动词不定式作定语,表示“作……的努力”。故填to develop。
    27. 考查形容词。句意:包括阿里巴巴和百度在内的多家中国公司正在研究和开发自动驾驶技术。included通常作形容词,表示包括在内的,通常用于修饰词的后面。故填included。
    28. 考查副词。句意:他们必须为极端恶劣的天气和道路状况的变化做出调整。形容词bad前用副词修饰。故填extremely。
    29. 考查名词性从句。句意:毫无疑问,自动驾驶技术将使我们的生活比以前更方便。固定句式There is no doubt that………是毫无疑问的。故填that。
    30. 考查比较级。句意:毫无疑问,自动驾驶技术将使我们的生活比以前更方便。根据句中的than可知,此句要用比较级,故填more。
    4
    31. concerning
    32. although
    33. will organize
    34. of
    35. effectively
    36. occupied
    37. a
    38. responsibility
    39. to be given
    40. our
    【解析】本文为书信,短文邀请社区居民参加有关垃圾分类的讲座。
    31. 考查介词。句意:我写信是想邀请您参加关于垃圾分类的社区讲座。根据句意可知,空处填介词表示“关于”,concerning“关于”为介词,符合题意。故填concerning。
    32. 考查连词。句意:考虑到大多数邻居不能正确地分类垃圾,虽然他们真地努力地去分类,但是我们的社区将组织这个讲座,来尽量指导这种垃圾分类行为。分析句意可知,本句为although引导的让步状语从句。故填although。
    33. 考查时态。句意:考虑到大多数邻居不能正确地分类垃圾,虽然他们真地努力地去分类,我们的社区将组织这个讲座,来尽量指导这种垃圾分类行为。 设空处为主句谓语动词,根据句意可知,本句为一般将来时,表示“我们的社区将组织这个讲座”。故填will organize。
    34. 考查介词。句意:垃圾分类具有重要意义。本句为be of+ significance=be significant的用法。 故填of。
    35. 考查副词。句意:首先,它不仅可以有效地应对污染问题,而且可以节省更多原本被垃圾场占用的空间。副词修饰动词短语cope with。故填effectively。
    36. 考查非谓语。句意:首先,它不仅可以有效地应对污染问题,而且可以节省更多原本被垃圾场占用的空间。分析句子可知,本句的谓语为will be spared,所以空处填非谓语, space与occupy在逻辑上是被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填occupied。
    37. 考查冠词。句意:我们可以通过利用可回收垃圾来做出改变,这是不可否认的。make a difference“有影响”为固定短语。故填a。
    38. 考查名词。句意:为了履行你的责任,过一种生态生活,来参加下周日下午3点在操场上举行的讲座吧。fulfill为及物动词后接名词responsibility作宾语。 故填responsibility。
    39. 考查非谓语。句意:为了履行你的责任,过一种生态生活,来参加下周日下午3点在操场上举行的讲座吧。be expected to do sth“被期望做某事”,且主语lecture与give为被动关系,应用不定式的被动语态。 故填to be given。
    40. 考查代词。句意:只有通力合作,我们才能把我们的社区建设得更好。根据“neighborhood”可知,空处填形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故填our。
    5
    41. are
    42. was showed
    43. difference
    44. to sing
    45. talented
    46. but
    47. The
    48. selfless
    49. actually
    50. When
    【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了冯小刚导演的电影《芳华》的故事情节以及冯小刚对这部电影的看法。
    41. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:《致我们终将逝去的青春》、《匆匆那年》和《昨日重现》只是近年来登上大银幕的几部影片。句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时,主语为Young, Fleet of Time and Yesterday Once More,谓语动词用复数。故填are。
    42. 考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:2017年12月15日,冯小刚导演的《芳华》上映。根据后文“on Dec 15, 2017”可知,从句用一般过去时,且定语从句修饰先行词Youth,从句谓语动词与先行词保持一致,与show构成被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态,谓语用单数。故填was showed。
    43. 考查名词。句意:但是有一个很大的区别。空处作主语,表示“区别”应用名词difference,由冠词a提示可知,应用单数。故填difference。
    44. 考查非谓语动词。句意:故事发生在20世纪70年代,故事开始于一个军事艺术团,在那里,士兵的职责是唱歌、跳舞和弘扬文化。分析句子结构可知,sing在句中应用非谓语动词形式,此处为不定式作表语,说明主语的内容。故填to sing。
    45. 考查形容词。句意:何小萍是一个新人,也是一个有才华的舞者。修饰后文名词dancer,应用形容词talented,作定语。故填talented。
    46. 考查连词。句意:有着痛苦童年的她想要在剧团重新开始,但她的家庭背景使她成为了其他女孩中的笑柄。根据前后文语境可知,前后句意为转折关系,应用连词but。故填but。
    47. 考查冠词。句意:唯一对她好的人是刘峰,一个善良无私的人。结合句意表示“唯一”短语为the only。故填The。
    48. 考查形容词。句意:唯一对她好的人是刘峰,一个善良无私的人。修饰后文名词man,表示“无私的”,应用形容词selfless,作定语。故填selfless。
    49. 考查副词。句意:据凤凰网报道,《芳华》其实是冯小刚个人多年的作品,讲述的是他在剧团的工作经历。修饰谓语动词应用副词actually,作状语。故填actually。
    50. 考查状语从句。句意:“当我回顾过去,我生命中的一切似乎都是黑白的,”他说。引导时间状语从句,表示“当……时候”应用when,句首单词首字母要大写。故填When。
    6
    51. including
    52. the
    53. to honor
    54. accessibility
    55. has joined
    56. international
    57. mainly
    58. added
    59. countries
    60. against
    【解析】本文是新闻报道。文章报道了中国履行诺言,向包括巴基斯坦在内的53个发展中国家提供疫苗援助这一新闻。
    51. 考查介词。句意:中国外交部发言人王文斌周一表示,中国正在向包括巴基斯坦在内的53个发展中国家提供疫苗援助。including除了是动词include的现在分词和动名词外,在日常使用中,还可作介词用,表示“包括……在内”。根据句意“包括巴基斯坦在内”可知,应使用介词including(包括……在内)。故填including。
    52. 考查冠词。句意:该发言人在例行新闻发布会上表示,中国已经或正在向22个国家出口疫苗。in the process of...为固定短语,表示“在……过程中”。故填the。
    53. 考查动词不定式。句意:王岐山表示,中国已经采取切实措施,使疫苗成为全球公共产品,一旦可获得,在发展中国家更容易负担和获得。分析句子可知,动词honor(信守,执行)是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语China之间是主动关系,且(honor )its pledge to make vaccines global public goods(执行承诺,使疫苗成为全球公共产品)是has taken concrete steps(已经采取切实措施)的目的,所以应使用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to honor。
    54. 考查名词。句意:王岐山表示,中国已经采取切实措施,使疫苗成为全球公共产品,一旦可获得,在发展中国家更容易负担和获得。分析句子可知,accessible与affordability是并列关系,作介词with的宾语,应使用名词形式。故填accessibility。
    55. 考查动词时态与主谓语一致。句意:中国已加入COVAX,并决定向国际分享计划提供1000万疫苗。分析句子可知,join(加入)是句中谓语动词,与主语China之间是主动关系,句中有时间状语up to now(到目前为止),应使用现在完成时态,又因主语China是第三人称单数概念,所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上,谓语应用现在完成时主动语态,单数形式。故填has joined。
    56. 考查形容词。句意:中国已加入COVAX,并决定向国际分享计划提供1000万疫苗。结合句意,分析句子可知,空格处应填入形容词作定语,修饰名词短语sharing scheme(分享计划)。故填international。
    57. 考查副词。句意:他补充说,中国已经加入COVAX,并决定向国际分享计划提供1000万疫苗,主要帮助满足发展中国家的需求。分析句子可知,main在句中修饰动词to help,应使用副词形式。故填mainly。
    58. 考查动词时态。句意:他补充说,中国已经加入COVAX,并决定向国际分享计划提供1000万疫苗,主要帮助满足发展中国家的需求。分析句子可知,add(补充说)是句中谓语动词,与主语he之间是主动关系,因陈述已发生的事情,应使用一般过去时态。故填added。
    59. 考查名词。句意:中方将继续同有关国家开展疫苗合作,在力所能及的范围内提供支持,为尽快战胜疫情、构建全球健康共同体作出切实贡献。根据句意和常识可知,开展合作的“relevant country(有关国家)”不止一个,所以应使用复数形式countries。故填countries。
    60. 考查介词。句意:中方将继续同有关国家开展疫苗合作,在力所能及的范围内提供支持,为尽快战胜疫情、构建全球健康共同体作出切实贡献。secure sth. against sth.为固定搭配,表示“保护,保卫,确保”,根据句意战胜疫情,确保胜利可知应填入介词against。故填against。
    7
    61. striking
    62. the
    63. has been devoted
    64. inability
    65. which
    66. greets
    67. Undoubtedly
    68. Besides
    69. additional
    70. hidden
    【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国纪录片导演Laurence J. Brahm学习中国武术的经历以及他对武术的一些看法。
    61. 考查非谓语动词。句意:你可能会想到少林和尚摆出凶猛的姿势,眼神坚定,或者像《功夫熊猫》这样的流行儿童电影。此处为动名词的复合结构“名词+动名词”作宾语,故strike应用动名词形式。故填striking。
    62. 考查冠词。句意:在电影中,Brahm到中国和美国的城市去寻找功夫的起源和价值。此处特指功夫的起源和价值,前面应用定冠词the。故填the。
    63. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:作为一名功夫爱好者,他已经修行了40多年,对他来说,追求功夫不仅仅是一种消遣。根据后文“for more than 40 years”可知用现在完成时,表示“专心于……”短语为be devoted to,此处定语从句修饰先行词a kung fu lover,从句谓语动词与先行词保持一致,助动词用has。故填has been devoted。
    64. 考查名词。句意:大约十年前,由于他的一条腿大约两年不能使用,他开始练习武术,这使他逐渐恢复。his为形容词性物主代词,其后接名词,表示“无能,不能”应用名词inability,为不可数名词。故填inability。
    65. 考查定语从句。句意:大约十年前,由于他的一条腿大约两年不能使用,他开始练习武术,这使他逐渐恢复。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词martial arts,先行词在从句中作主语,指物,故应用关系代词which引导,that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
    66. 考查动词时态。句意:现在,功夫已经成为他的日常生活,也是他迎接新一天的方式。此处描述习惯性动作,应用一般现在时,主语为he,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填greets。
    67. 考查副词。句意:毫无疑问,Brahm非常欣赏功夫,把它看作是中国文化的一面镜子。修饰后文整个句子,表示“毫无疑问”应用副词undoubtedly,句首单词首字母要大写。故填Undoubtedly。
    68. 考查介词。句意:除了功夫给身体带来的好处,还有一些人在练习中发现了额外的意义。表示“除了……之外,还有……”应用介词besides,句首单词首字母要大写。故填Besides。
    69. 考查形容词。句意:除了功夫给身体带来的好处,还有一些人在练习中发现了额外的意义。修饰后文名词meanings表示“额外的”应用形容词additional,作定语。故填additional。
    70. 考查形容词。句意:功夫艺术家总是以抱拳行礼,这让每个人都知道没有隐藏武器,也显示了信任。修饰后文名词weapons,表示“隐藏的”应用形容词hidden。故填hidden。
    8
    71. cultural
    72. what
    73. its
    74. to record
    75. were intended
    76. regions
    77. the
    78. in
    79. fastening
    80. widely
    【解析】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了中国结的历史、工艺、用途以及它的内涵寓意。
    71. 考查形容词。句意:它们有着悠久的历史和文化意义,甚至在今天也是如此。此处应填入形容词修饰名词meaning,作定语。故填cultural。
    72. 考查名词性从句。句意:中国结是用一根绳子编织成各种形状的结。分析句子可知,空格后是表语从句,从句引导词在从句中作主语,表示“由绳子编织成的物件”,应用连接代词what引导该表语从句。故填what。
    73. 考查代词。句意:每一种形状都有自己的含义,中国结通常是用红色编织的,象征着好运。根据句意可知,空格处应使用形容词性物主代词,作定语,修饰meaning。故填its。
    74. 考查非谓语动词。句意:最初,人们在开始书写之前,可能会用它们来记录信息和传递信息。分析句子可知,动词record(记录)是非谓语动词,record information and convey messages (记录信息和传递信息)是have made them的目的,所以应使用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to record。
    75. 考查固定短语和主谓一致。句意:据了解,在唐代,它们是用来装饰艺术和表达思想感情的。固定短语be intended for表示“被用来……、打算为……所用”,根据句中时间状语in the Tang Dynasty,可知应使用一般过去时态,又因主语they是复数概念,所以谓语动词也应使用复数数形式。故填were intended。
    76. 考查名词。句意:唐朝是一个庞大的帝国,覆盖了现代中国的大部分地区,并将传统的艺术形式作为他们文化的一部分传承下去。region表示“地区,区域”,是可数名词,此处用复数表泛指。故填regions。
    77. 考查冠词。句意:唐朝是一个庞大的帝国,覆盖了现代中国的大部分地区,并将传统的艺术形式作为他们文化的一部分传承下去。根据句意可知,此处特指上文提到的中国结这种传统艺术形式,应用定冠词the表特指。故填the。
    78. 考查介词。句意:现在,有些人在穿中国传统服装时使用绳结。dress in...为固定搭配,表示“穿……衣服”。故填in。
    79. 考查非谓语动词。句意:它们是系传统衣服的一种方法,而不是纽扣。空格前有介词of,应用fasten的动名词形式fastening作宾语。故填fastening。
    80. 考查副词。句意:丝绸是制作这些服装绳结最广泛的材料。分析句子可知,wide修饰动词used,应用副词形式,表示“广泛地,普遍地”。故填widely。
    9
    81. was blocked
    82. an
    83. marking
    84. that
    85. from
    86. contributions
    87. beneficial
    88. actually
    89. to comprehend
    90. has brought
    【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国丝绸之路的历史以及其在中欧贸易和文化交流中发挥的重要作用。
    81. 考查时态和语态。句意:在三月,世界上最重要的海上贸易航线之一苏伊士运河被一艘船只封锁,导致欧洲和亚洲之间发生了近300艘船只的大规模海上交通堵塞。此处为谓语动词,由“In march”得知此处用过去时,而Suez Canal(名词单数)与谓语动词block之间是被动的关系,使用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是单数,谓语也用单数形式。故填was blocked。
    82. 考查冠词。句意:除了苏伊士运河,中国古代丝绸之路在中欧贸易和文化交流中也发挥了重要作用。固定搭配played an important role in...意为“在……中起了重要作用”。其中important为元音因素开头,前面应使用不定冠词an。故填an。
    83. 考查现在分词。句意:在早期历史上,丝绸之路是最重要的贸易通道,标志着全球化的开始。分析句子结构可知,本句已有谓语was且无连词,动词mark用非谓语形式,动词mark与逻辑主语The Silk Road构成主动关系,故应用现在分词作状语。故填marking。
    84. 考查定语从句。句意:中国丝绸之路是中国古代将东方世界引入西方文明的第一条路,可以追溯到汉代。此处为定语从句修饰先行词route,且先行词(被序数词the first修饰)在从句中作主语,指物,故应用关系代词that。故填that。
    85. 考查介词。句意:中国丝绸之路是中国古代将东方世界引入西方文明的第一条路,可以追溯到汉代。固定搭配date from意为“追溯到……”。故填from。
    86. 考查名词的数。句意:在随后的历史岁月中,许多伟大的人物为丝绸之路的发展做出了重要的贡献。make contributions to为固定搭配,意为“为……做出贡献”。形容词significant 修饰名词contributions作定语。故填contributions。
    87. 考查形容词。句意:虽然丝绸之路主要是一条贸易路线,但它首先是对彼此有利的。根据该空前的was可知,此空应用benefit的形容词形式,be beneficial to 意为“有利于”。故填beneficial。
    88. 考查副词。句意:它实际上对世界文明的发展产生了巨大的吸引力,开启了欧亚政治经济的远距离交流。分析句子可知,此处应该用副词修饰动词made。故填actually。
    89. 考查动词不定式。句意:古丝绸之路更像是一本历史教科书,让来自不同文化和地区的人们了解古代发生的事情。此处考察固定搭配enable sb. to do sth.(使某人能够做某事),用动词不定式形式。故填to comprehend。
    90. 考查时态。句意:时至今日,中国的丝绸之路已经给中国乃至世界的旅游业带来了巨大的吸引力。分析句子可知,根据时间状语up to now,所以本句时态为现在完成时。主语the Silk Road为第三人称单数形式,其后谓语动词也应使用第三人称单数形式。故填has brought。
    10
    91. has proved/has proven
    92. for
    93. marriage
    94. smaller
    95. was painted
    96. herself
    97. neither
    98. to plant
    99. The
    100. sold
    【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国总统林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的老房子的变迁历史。
    91. 考查动词。句意:它不像乔治华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下深刻印象,但林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家,自从向公众开放以来,就被证明对游客来说是不可抗拒的。分析句子成分可知,设空处作谓语动词,Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield Illinois作主语;结合句意及设空处后的时间状语从句since it opened to the public可知,此处指过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响,符合现在完成时概念,故设空处用现在完成时;现在完成时结构是has/have +过去分词;主语Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield Illinois是第三人称单数,所以助动词用has,提示词prove 的过去分词形式是proved或proven。故填 has proved/ has proven。
    92. 考查介词。句意:1844年,他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地,查尔斯·德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合句意可知,此处考查固定短语buy sth. for +价格,意为“以……价格买某物”。故填for。
    93. 考查名词。句意:1844年,他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地,查尔斯·德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合设空前的形容词性物主代词可知,此处要用名词形式;结合设空处后的ceremony,可知此处意为“婚礼”;提示词marry意为“婚姻”,其名词形式为marriage,marriage ceremony意为“婚礼”。故填marriage。
    94. 考查形容词。句意:这栋房子建成时比现在小得多。结合设空前的much和设空后的than可知,此处考查形容词比较级固定结构much+比较级+than,提示词small的比较级形式为smaller。故填smaller。
    95. 考查被动语态。句意:这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知,设空处作谓语动词,The little home作主语。结合句意及常识可知,房子是“被漆”的,主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系,所以要用被动语态;根据上文的was built可知,此处为一般过去时态;一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词;主语The little home是单数第三人称,所以要用was,提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填was painted。
    96. 考查代词。句意:她非常漂亮,她的房子是她自己的写照,一切都很有品位,井井有条。根据句意可知,此处意为“她自己”,可知此处考查反身代词;提示词she的反身代词是herself。故填herself。
    97. 考查连词。句意:虽然玛丽喜欢花,但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。根据句意可知,此处考查连词结构“neither…nor…”,意为“既不……也不……”。故填neither。
    98. 考查动词不定式。句意:玛丽的妹妹弗朗西丝·托德·华莱士经常来前院种花。分析句子结构可知,设空处作状语;根据句意可知,此处是目的状语;目的状语用动词不定式表示;提示词plant的不定式形式为to plant。故填to plant。
    99. 考查冠词。句意:林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大到了整整两层,以满足他们日益增长的家庭的需要。根据句意可知,此处意为“林肯一家”;根据设空后的Lincolns可知,此处考查“the+姓氏复数”,表示夫妇俩,或者一家人。设空处位于句首,所以首字母要大写。故填The。
    100. 考查动词。句意:1861年林肯当选美国总统后,他们租了房子,卖掉了大部分家具。分析句子成分可知,设空处和前面的动词rented一起做并列谓语;根据时间状语1861可知,此处用一般过去时态,提示词sell的过去式形式是sold。故填sold。




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