2022届高考英语复习之语法透析：主谓一致课件

这是一份2022届高考英语复习之语法透析：主谓一致课件，共21页。PPT课件主要包含了知识导图，主谓一致，连接主语时，考点精析，方法解读，“五看”判断主谓一致，演练提升等内容，欢迎下载使用。
nt nly…but als
there be +多个主语
谓语单复数根据表达意义确定的情况
考点一　语法一致原则主语的单复数决定了谓语动词的单复数。1.动词­ing形式、动词不定式、不定代词、从句作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。All the scientific evidence shws that increasing use f chemicals in farming is damaging ur health.Everything is in a cmplete mess, which drives peple crazy.What he said is far frm the truth.
2.主语后接介词短语或其他插入语，如with、tgether with、as well as、like、but、except、alng with、rather than、including、in additin t等时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。Amy, as well as her brthers, was given a warm welcme when returning t the village last week.I think Tm, rather than yu is t blame fr the accident.
3.由and连接的两个名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数有以下4种情况：(1)“a/the＋名词单数＋and＋名词单数”表示一个人(双重身份)，谓语动词用单数。The writer and prfessr, wh I ften refer t at the meetings, is ppular amng thse peple.　(2)“a/the＋名词单数＋and＋a/the＋名词单数”表示两个人/物，谓语动词用复数。The teacher and the pet have just arrived.
(3)“every/each/n＋名词单数＋and＋every/each/n＋名词单数”表示每一个人/物，谓语动词用单数。Every by and every girl has the right t receive educatin in ur cuntry.(4)通常由两个部件组成的物品，如a knife and frk (一副刀叉)等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Bread and butter is nt t his taste.
4.定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句中的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。This is ne f the nvels that have ever been written by M Yan.She is the nly ne f the girls wh sings well in class.5.“many a/mre than ne＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Many a parent has had t g thrugh this same painful prcess.　
考点二　意义一致原则意义一致原则指不管主语的形式是单数还是复数，主语的意义决定了谓语动词的单复数。1.集体名词作主语时，若被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若被看作是构成整体的一个个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有family、class、team、grup、public、cmmittee、gvernment、audience等。The whle class, which is made up f twenty bys and fifteen girls were tld t stay behind after schl t have an imprtant meeting yesterday.
形式为单数但意义为复数概念的plice、peple等集合名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。The plice are searching fr the murderer in the muntain.警察正在山里搜寻凶手。
2.“分数/百分数/the majrity＋f＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于f后名词的数以及其表示的意义；all、sme、half、mst、the rest等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于主语实际表达的意义。Abut ne third f the bks are wrth reading.Altgether mre than 70 percent f the surface f the earth is cvered by water.
3.“the＋形容词”表示一类人，在句中作主语时，谓语动词用复数。The injured have been cured and the lst have been fund.伤者已被治愈，失踪的人也都找到了。4.a quantity f后既可接不可数名词，也可接可数名词复数，谓语动词的单复数取决于f后名词的数以及其表示的意义；quantities f后无论是可数名词还是不可数名词，谓语动词均用复数。A quantity f time has been wasted n the prject.With mre frests being destryed, huge quantities f gd earth are being washed away each year.
5.“a number f＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number f＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。The number f peple invited was ne hundred, but a number f them were absent fr different reasns.　6.表示时间、距离、重量、金额等复数名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。Three thusand dllars is quite a lt f mney fr a little by.
7.表示学科的名词以及wrks(工厂)、news(消息)等作主语时，虽然本身为复数形式，但表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数。Plitics is his favrite subject.8.表示某些组织机构的名词、书/报名、国名、地名等作主语时，虽然形式上是复数，但所表示的意义是单数，所以谓语动词用单数。D yu knw when the United Natins was set up?
考点三　就近一致原则就近一致原则指谓语动词的单复数形式取决于离它最近的主语的单复数。1.由r、、、nt (als)．..、等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的数常与最近的主语保持一致。Nt nly Jhn and Tm but als their sister, Mary, takes great interest in the pian lessns.　Either yu r ne f yur students is t attend the meeting that is due tmrrw.
2.在there be句型中，若有几个并列成分作主语，谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。There are three bks and a pen n the desk.
一看：主语为第一、第二人称还是第三人称，确定谓语动词的数。
二看：主语为动词­ing短语、不定式或从句，要想到谓语动词应为第三人称单数形式。
三看：“分数/百分数＋f＋名词”作主语，要想到谓语动词的数取决于名词的数。
四看：there be等结构，要想到就近一致原则。
as well as、with、alng with、but等在主语后面时，要想到“就远一致”原则，即谓语动词和这些词前面的名词或代词保持数的一致。
The famus musician, as well as his students, ____________(invite) t perfrm at the pening ceremny f the 2012 Taipei Flwer Exp.
was invited　
1.The brain benefits ___________(see) amng peple wh ate rughly ne and a third cups f raw greens a day, r abut a half­ cup f cked dark, leafy a result, many have argued that the current perid f glbal warming ___________ (be) part f a natural pattern and the human rle in creating it has been graduatin ceremny takes place at the end f May r beginning f June, which usually ___________ (include) music, awards, and a guest speaker.
were seen is includes
4.As the 5G era ___________ (apprach), ne f the key cncerns fr telecm peratrs will be hw they can use 5G netwrks t meet the needs f high­ density birds ___________ (be) gd fr everyne . Birders enjy watching the birds, while the birds get enugh fd t survive in big , peple wh have dne related researches believe that the full mn ___________ (affect) human behavirs t sme degree.
appraches is affects
7.Jhn as well as the ther children wh have n parents ___________ (take) gd care f in the village fact, such prgrams that prmte traditinal ancient relics ___________ (becme) ppular in recent als ___________ (bring) gd effects mentally. It can make us feel refreshed and happy, helping us increase ur life we knw, there ___________ (be) a variety f bks fr us t chse frm, like histry bks, science bks, literary bks and s n.
is being taken have becme brings are