2022年山东省潍坊市诸城市二模英语试题(word版含答案)

2022年初中学业水平考试复习自测（二）

    英语试题   2022.5

（时间：90分钟 满分：80分）

一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Have you ever noticed the small triangle（三角）with a letter or a number on the bot-tom of a plastic packing? It tells you what kind of plastic it is and whether it can be recycled or not.

1.Which is a stronger type of plastic?

A. PET.     B. HDPE    C. LDPE    D. PS

2. Which of the following uses Pet plastic?

A. Milk bottles.       B.Hot drink white cups.

C.Drinking water bottles.     D.Takeaway food packaging.

3. What's the purpose of this passage?

A. To introduce types of plastic.    B. To explain recycling ways.

C. To show how to buy safe plastic.   D.To tell people to use shopping bags.

B

It’s usual to hear of Chinese parents hiring a tutor（家教）if their children are doing poorly on tests. Did you know that teenagers can be tutors themselves? Amir Davis,16, from New York,  US, is a tutor. Together with six other teens runs a special tutoring pro-gram for other kids in his community. The program mainly helps middle schoolers who have difficulties in their classes or who are preparing for a test called the Specialized High School Admissions Test （SHSAT）. It is an admissions test（入学考试）for eight STEM-Orien-ted（注重STEM教育的）public high schools in New York.

As an African-American student at one of these schools,  Davis was sad to realize that black and Latino（拉丁裔的）students had low admission rates（录取率）every year. These groups hold only 10.4 percent of the students admitted these schools.

One of the reasons for the low admission rate is that a number of black and Latino students don't take the SHSAT, with many families not realizing that they can take the test. So Davis tries to help kids in his area prepare for the test while also helping them with other schoolwork.

Davis and his team recently turned a building that his father bought into a tutoring center. During their tutoring, they first address what the students are doing in their classrooms.  If they are having trouble with any specific topic,  Davis or other tutors will walk them through it. With this help,  the students can try to improve their knowledge of difficult sub-jects and do better in the classroom.

4. Davis runs a tutoring program to help         

A. students choose a good tutor

B. black and Latino students find better jobs

C.  students with good grades become tutors

D. middle school students prepare for the SHST

5.Black and Latino students have low admission rates in STEM-oriented schools be-cause         

A. most of them don't work hard

B.they need tutors to help them with their school work

C. many schools don't accept black and Latino students

D.many of them don't realize that they can take a test to get in

6.What does the underlined phrase walk them through it mean?

A. take them away quickly    B. help them out easily

C. talk about the problem together   D.celebrate the success happily

7. What do we know from the story?

A. Davis's parents support his program.

B.Davis is finding it hard to run the program.

C. Davis's tutoring center makes a lot of money.

D.Kids don't get much help from Davis's tutoring.

C

Astronauts on board the International Space Station (ISS) once made history by taking bites of red romaine lettuce（长叶莴苣）.They became the first humans to eat food that was grown in space. The lettuce was planted on the ISS in a small greenhouse called" Veggie", which uses LED lights to help plants grow in space.

First，the astronauts cleaned the lettuce with special sanitizing wipes（消毒纸巾）and then ate it with some salad dressing.

“It was one small bite for man，one giant leap（飞跃）for··our journey to Mars，＂one astronaut, Scott Kelly, later posted on social media.

Space vegetables are a part of the NASA,  experiment called"Veg-01",a study on how plants grow without the effects of Earth＇s gravity（重力）.It will allow astronauts to grow and eat their own food during long space explorations.

“If we're ever going to go to Mars someday, we're going to need a spacecraft that is much more self-sustainable（自给自足的）in its food supply，”said Kelly.

Growing fresh plants on a spacecraft may also provide oxygen and help keep astronauts alive, NASA said.

Veg-01 started in May 2014． The first batch（一批） of vegetables took 33 days to grow in space before they were taken back to Earth for a safety check. After making sure they were safe to eat, astronauts planted a second batch on July 8.They let the plant grow for another 33 days and were then able to eat it. Astronauts usually only get vegetables when a supply ship comes to the ISS. Now with vegetables grown in space, they can eat them whenever they want.

8.Astronauts made history by       

A. working on the ISS      B. eating space-grown lettuce

C. cooking real food in space     D. building a small greenhouse

9.What is Veg-01?

A. It is a NASA project for exploring Mars.

B. It is the name of the greenhouse on the ISS.

C. It is a NASA experiment on growing plants in space.

D. It is a NASA experiment on providing oxygen in space.

10. According to Kelly, why is growing fresh plants in space important?

A. Because it provides people with healthier food.

B. Because it provides astronauts with enough oxygen.

C. Because it cuts the cost of delivering food to the ISS.

D. Because it can help astronauts with their journey to Mars.

11.What is the passage mainly about?

A. What food astronauts eat in space.

B. How astronauts get food in space.

C. Astronauts'work and life on the ISS.

D. The success of growing vegetables in space.

D

According to CNN，“Women still experience pay inequality（不平等）everywhere， whether you're Hollywood's top talent or you work in a store.”

Gender equality has improved in some areas like education. However, when females enter the workplace,12.                                          .Of the 145 countries and regions surveyed in a WEF （世界经济论坛）report，97 have more female students than male students in universities． But only four of those countries and regions have a majority（多数） of female leaders in the workplace. “Women may only be viewed on the basis of their performance,13.                            ,” The Washington Post wrote.

Old thinking about men and women is still influencing women's careers, according to Saadia Zahidi, a WEF official. For example, many people believe boys are better at science, technology, engineering and math(STEM).And even today,14.                                          Girls and women need to master the skills and training that are needed for the jobs of tomorrow, especially in the STEM fields, said Zahidi.

The gender gap（性别差距） in the workplace is not just about less pay for women. It’s also about women making sure their pay shows their value.

Actress Sandra Bullock once said, "Once we start changing how we think about women,15.              .”

根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。

A. the pay gap will take care of itself

B.they may find things are still difficult

C.they are interested in most of the jobs

D. women make up only a third of the students in these fields.

E.while men are often promoted（升职）for their potential（潜力）

二、语言知识运用（共20小题；满分20分）

A

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

Most of us spend all day at school or work. After a long and busy day, all we want to do is returning to a

comfortable 16. Smart technology can turn it into a nicer place to live. Smart homes have been around for some time. A Scottish company invented a type of technology called X10 in 1975. It 17 household devices, such as lights and alarms, to communicate with each other by using radio waves.

Of course,5G network connectivity has 18 smart homes much more unbelievable than X10. Perhaps the most widespread smart home technology is the voice-activated assistant（语音激活助手）.Google Home and Amazon Alexa allow users to interact with nearly any device in their home simply by 19 a few words. How wonderful that sounds! This is 20 convenient for children and people with physical disabilities,  as they can finish tasks 21 would normally be too difficult.

Common household appliances（家用电器）can become “smart＂ as well. For example， a smart trash bin can keep track of the things you've 22 and place an online order for new items，while smart refrigerators can create dinner recipes（菜谱）based on the 23 that are kept inside.

Besides its convenience, smart homes are also good for the environment.24      regularly checking your energy use and automatically（自动地）turning off lights and other de-vices that you're not using, smart homes can lower how much electricity you use overall.

Using  25   energy means that we use fewer natural resources, which is good for the environment.

16. A. city   B. home   C. office   D. country

17.A. lets    B. asks   C. allows   D. keeps

18. A. made   B. helped   C. changed  D. encouraged

19. A. hearing   B. speaking  C. reading  D. writing

20. A. especially  B. seriously  C. usually  D. highly

21.A. who   B. that   C. what   D. when

22.A. put away  B. taken off  C. tidied up  D .thrown away

23. A. phones   B. books   C. messages  D. vegetables

24.A. By    B. From   C. After   D. With

25.A. less    B. smart   C. clean   D. polluted

B

阅读下面的短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

“I am feeling very good. We want to report to the motherland and the people that we have 26 (success) completed the Shenzhou XIII mission. We wish to thank President Xi Jinping for his care and attention. We thank all the Chinese people for their support and              27 (encourage). Our gratitude also goes to all those involved in our mission who stayed with us day and night,"Zhai, the mission commander, told China Central Television.

Wang Yaping, the first female Chinese spacewalker, told the State broadcaster that she was very happy 28 (return) to the motherland and wants to tell her young daughter that "mom has come back after 29 (reach) for the stars".  The classes were also special to Wang, as she was the one who gave the 30 (nation) first space-based lecture inside an experimental space station module to more than 60 million Chinese students during the Shenzhou X mission in June 2013.That lecture made China the 31 (two) country, following the United States,  to give a lesson to schoolchildren from space.

In the last hours of their stay inside the Tiangong,  the astronauts 32 (work)with ground controllers to configure the station,  transmit some experimental data back to Earth and sort out materials,  according to the agency.

Zhai and his crewmates 33 (spend) 183 days in an orbit about 400 kilometers above the Earth after their Shenzhou XIII spacecraft 34 (launch)on Oct 16. The crew set a record for China's 35 (long)spaceflight, almost doubling the previous record of 92 days created by their peers in the Shenzhou XII mission.

三、翻译句子（共3小题；每小题2分，满分6分）用括号内所给的词或短语，将下列句子译成英语。

36．昨天晚上八点你在干什么？（at eight last night）

37．如果你做其他事情而不做作业，你将没有时间学习。（instead of）

38．二十世纪英语是通过报纸、电影和电视传到世界各地的。（spread）

四、阅读表达（共5小题；第41小题1分，其余每小题2分，满分9分）

To prevent the spread of the novel coronavirus,  governments at every level in China have been using many different control measures.

In heavily-affected areas,  the government has chosen to lock down cities. The decision  proved effective（有效的）in stopping the virus＇spread at its root.

In some villages，people put up red banners（条幅）or used loudspeakers to educate people about the virus. Many  communities also set up checkpoints to check people's temperatures， keep records of their travel history，keep non-residents（非住户）out of the com-munity，and make sure that people quarantine（隔离）themselves after returning from high -risk areas. Some community workers also help those who are quarantined at home by bringing in food or drugs，taking out the garbage， and offering psychological（心理的）ad-vice.  The community workers have built the first line of defense（防御）                                          the virus across China.  There are millions of community workers in 650,000 urban and rural communities across the country.  Many people from all walks of life have volunteered to do this job.

“In the face of an unexpected outbreak, it's amazing to see that China could mobilize （动员）people on such a large scale（规模），”Li Baoping from the Ningxia Academy of Social  Sciences told Xinhua.＂Great governance capacity（治理能力）at all levels gives us confidence  in winning the battle.”

39．What does the underlined word its in paragraph 2 refer to？（根据短文回答问题）

40.What do the community workers do to help people quarantined at home?(List at least 2 points）（根据短文回答问题）

41． Fill in the blank with a proper preposition．（在空白处填入一个恰当的介词）

42．Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese．（将划线句子翻译成汉语）

43． Give a proper title for the passage．（给文章拟一个恰当的标题）

五、写作（满分15分）

当下新冠疫情反复，也是疾病多发季节，但是，只要提前做好预防，就可以在很大程度上避免疾病的侵扰。请根据以下提示，写一篇如何预防疾病的短文。

提示：

1．有积极的心态；

2．养成良好的生活习惯，如健康饮食，适度活动；

3．劳逸结合。

要求：

1．包含以上要点，可适当发挥；

2.100词左右。

2022年初中学业水平考试复习自测（二）

英语试题参考答案及评分标准

一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

1-3 BCA 4-7 DDBA 8-11 BCCD 12-15 B EDA

二、语言知识

（A）完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

16-20 BCABB 21-25 BDDAA

（B）词汇应用（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

26. successfully 27. encouragement 28. to return 29. reaching 30. nation's

31.second 32. worked 33. spent 34. was launched 35.longest

三、翻译句子（共3小题；每小题2分，满分6分）

翻译评分标准：组内定标时，把尽可能的准确答案都列上。

1．句子翻译正确，句型运用正确，时态和人称运用正确，意思表达正确，得2分。

2．写出核心句型，未写出其他非核心词汇或写出部分其他非核心词汇，得1分。

3．写出大部分非核心词汇，没写出核心句型，只得0.5分。

36.What were you doing at eight o'clock last night?

37.If you do other things instead of (doing) your homework, you won't have time to study.

38. In the twentieth century, English was spread to(all over) the world through newspapers,  films and televisions.

四、阅读表达（共5小题；第42小题1分，其余每小题2分，满分9分）

39.virus'

40． Bring food or drugs，takeout the garbage，and offer psychological advice．（任意两 项即可）

41.against

42．面对突如其来地疫情大爆发，看到中国能如此大规模的动员群众着实令人震惊。

43． Everyone fights from villages to cities（意思对即可）

五、写作（满分15分）

（一）评分标准

第一档（15-13分）

完全符合题目要求，表达清楚，信息完整，语言通顺，语意连贯，字数达标，基本或完全没有语言错误。

第二档（12-10分）

符合题目要求，表达基本清楚，信息较完整，语言基本通顺，语意基本连贯。有少量语言错误，但不影响整体理解。

第三档（9-7分）

基本符合题目要求，表达不够清楚，信息不够完整，语言欠通顺，有部分语言错误影响整体理解。

第四档（6-4分）

部分内容符合题目要求，内容不完整，表达不清楚，信息不完整，有较多语言错误，所写内容难以理解。

第五档（3-0分）

与题目有关的内容不多，不能表达自己的思想。只是简单拼凑提示词语或抄写其他文本内容的。

参考范文（One possible version）

As we know,  the virus called COVID-19 is spreading across our country again. So it is important for us to prevent sickness. Here are some suggestions.

First,  It's of great importance to keep a positive attitude. I bet happiness works better than any medicine. It's good for your mental health. Second, you should form some good daily habits instead of  lying in bed all day. For example, exercising is undoubtedly a wise choice that can help you fight off disease. And how about having a balanced diet? Try to eat more fruit and vegetables. By the way. you'd better go to bed early rather than stay up late.

Last but not least, don't be afraid of illness! If you follow the tips above,  you can pre-vent yourself from getting sick.