Day 5 2022高考英语思维导图识记3500词汇+阅读打卡（word+ppt+思维导图原件）

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Day 5      2022高考3500词汇阅读打卡板块一：brainstorming板块二：高频词汇词义用法精析acknowledge vt.承认,认可;感谢考点必记(1)acknowledge sb/sth to be/as...认为某人/物是……;承认某人/物是……acknowledge doing sth承认做了某事It is universally acknowledged that...……是大家公认的。(2)acknowledgement n.承认;感谢;收件复函in acknowledgement of对……表示感谢 admission n.准许进入;入场费;承认考点必记(1) admit vt.&vi. 容许;承认;接纳be admitted as...被接纳为……be admitted to/into...被……录取;被……接纳(2)admit to doing sth承认做了某事admit+ that从句　承认……It is admitted that...公认…… aware adj.知道的,察觉到的,意识到的考点必记(1)be/become aware of察觉,意识到make sb aware of使某人意识到(2)awareness n.意识raise awareness of提高……的意识(3)unaware adj.不知道的,没察觉到的 arise vi.出现;产生;起身考点必记arise 起床;起立;起身arise out of/from sth (由……)引起;(由……)产生 graduate vi.& vt.毕业;获得学位　 n.毕业生考点必记(1)graduate in... 毕业于……专业graduate from... 毕业于……(学校)(2)a graduate in... ……专业的毕业生a graduate of... ……的毕业生(3)graduation n.毕业after graduation毕业后 under  prep. 在..下面；受…影响；由…控制；在…过程中；由…造成；根据，按照；少于，adv. 在下面；在水下；少/小于；在昏迷中adj. 下面的，较低的考点必记under control被控制住under discussion正在讨论中under pressure/stress在压力下under fire遭到炮火射击,受到攻击under the circumstances在这种情况下under consideration在考虑中under no circumstances在任何情况下都不 entitle vt.给……命名(或提名);使享有权利考点必记be entitled to do sth有做……的权利或资格entitle sb to do sth使某人享有做……的权利be entitled sth题目是;被命名为  educate   v. 教育；教导考点必记educate sb in sth    在某事上教育某人educate sb about sth  教育某人某事educate sb to do sth   教育某人做某事educability     n. 可教育性，可陶冶性educable      adj. 可教育的，可培养的educative     adj. 教育的，教育性的，教育上的 educator      n. 教师；教育家 practice   n. 实践; 实施; 实行; 应用; 反复练习; 惯例; 习俗;  惯常做法v. 练习; 训练考点必记in practice = in reality 实际上；事实上be in practice （因长期练习而）熟练be/get/out of practice to be生疏；荒疏；疏于练习practice makes perfect熟能生巧      practical  adj 实用的 rise  v.升起；上升；起身；站起；隆起；高起；增加；增长；上涨；提高；改善；接近n. 上升；升起；增加；增长；上涨；加剧；源头；起源  考点必记give rise to          引起, 导致rise and shine       (通常用来催促起床)快起床, 醒醒吧on the rise          在增加；在增长；在上升；在上涨；变得更成功get a rise out of=take a rise out of  惹…恼怒rise with the lark    早起rise with the sun      早起rise like a rocket and fall like a stick    迅速崛起；迅速败落rise to        上升到；上升至；崛起 qualified    adj.  有资格的；合格的；有限制的；有保留的vt.  证明…合格；描述；（qualify的过去式和过去分词）vi.  取得资格考点必记qualified for           有资格...；胜任；能够...qualified personnel     合格人员；合格人才；高素质人才highly qualified        高素质的be qualified            有资格（to）；能胜任…；合格be qualified to          有资格 grasp   v.  抓牢；握紧；理解；领会；试图抓住；果断地采取对…有利的行动n.紧抓；紧握；理解；得到某物的权利考点必记grasp the nettle  果断地处理棘手问题grasp at straws  捞救命稻草；作最后的绝望挣扎let something slip through one's grasp 对…失控；失去good grasp  良好的掌握；很好的掌握fully grasp  充分把握；完全掌握grasp opportunity   抓住机遇thorough grasp  彻底理解；全面理解；充分理解 sense   n.  官能；感觉；判断力；见识；智慧；含义；意义；指向；方向；意识v.   感觉到；觉察到；意识到；检测；测出考点必记common sense   常识, 健全判断力make sense     讲得通, 有意义in a sense      某种角度上看make sense of    弄懂, 了解in one sense      在某种意义上talk sense into  规劝某人行为更理智些a sense of...感；一种...的感觉；...的观念 mistake   n.  错误；过失；失策；失误；不准确v. 误解；误会；把…误认为  考点必记by mistake          错误地, 无意中and no mistake      准确无误, 毫无疑问make no mistake about it   不用有任何疑问；完全可以肯定make a mistake      犯错误；出错；犯错big mistake         大错误；大错；巨大错误same mistake        同样错误make no mistake     别弄错；不要搞错；不会出错mistake for          错当作make mistake        犯错；出错；搞错 understand   理解；懂；推断；猜想；以为；了解；明白；解释；认为…理所当然考点必记give someone to understand   通知fully understand =thoroughly understand   完全理解；完全明白clearly understand         清楚地明白；清楚地了解completely understand      完全明白；完全了解hardly understand         几乎不理解understand situation       了解情况板块三：阅读训练Passage A As a popular subject of study among evolutionary ecologists, three spined stickleback（三刺鱼）is known for their different shapes, sizes, and behaviors-they can even live in both seawater and freshwater, and under a wide range of temperatures. But what makes that?The researchers tracked six populations of the fish before and after seasonal changes to their environment, using genome sequencing. Seasonal changes result in great changes in habitat structure and balance of salt and freshwater, and only those fish able to tolerate these rapid changes survive into the next season. "After comparing these changes, we find that they probably resemble the habitat shits experienced by stickleback populations during the past 10,000 years." says Professor Barrett "We hope to gain insight into the genetic changes that may have resulted from natural selection long in the past."Remarkably, the researchers discovered the evidence of genetic changes driven by the seasonal shifts in habitats, which mirrored the differences found between long-established freshwater and saltwater populations. "These genetic changes occurred in independent populations over a single season, highlighting just how quickly the effects of natural selection can be detected," says Professor Barrett, "The findings suggest that we may be able to use the genetic differences to predict how populations may adapt to environment."The research emphasizes the importance of studying species in dynamic environments to gain a better understanding of how natural selection operates. In further research, they plan to investigate how repeatable the observed genetic changes are, by testing whether they show up year after year. Doing so would demonstrate their ability to reliably forecast the evolutionary future of these populations.1.Why is stickleback a popular subject of study?A．The fish is adaptable to different living conditions.B．Seasonal changes make little difference to the fish.C．Six populations of the fish are worthy to being trackedD．Ecologists can study a wide range of temperatures by tracking the fish.2. In which way did researchers get the findings?A．By explaining a concept.                     B．By analyzing the data.C．By studying a specific case.                 D．By making comparisons.3. What's the significance of the study?A．It will arouse people's awareness of protecting stickleback.B．It makes researchers pay more attention to genetic changesC．It helps us gain deep insight into the law of natural selection.D．It proves that stickleback is a really popular subject of study4. What's the purpose of studying the repetition of the genetic changes?A．To study species in dynamic environments. B．To test the reliability of the present discoveries.C．To predict the evolutionary future of certain species. D．To know the frequency of certain species' appearance.参考答案：本文是说明文。文章主要讲述进化生态学家们通过对三刺鱼的研究来预测物种未来是如何进化的。1．细节理解题。根据第一段“As a popular subject of study among evolutionary ecologists, three-spined stickleback（三刺鱼）is known for their different shapes, sizes, and behaviors-they can even live in both seawater and freshwater, and under a wide range of temperatures. But what makes that?”可知，三刺鱼是受欢迎的一个研究话题，是因为这种鱼可以在不同的环境中生存。故选A。2．细节理解题。根据第三段“After comparing these changes, we find that”可知，研究者们是通过对比的方法获得他们的结果的。故选D。3．推理判断题。根据第三段“We hope to gain insight into the genetic changes that may have resulted from natural selection long in the past.”可知，这项研究的意义在于，研究者们可以更多的了解基因变化。故选B。4．推理判断题。根据第四段“The findings suggest that we may be able to use the genetic differences to predict how populations may adapt to environment.”和第五段“ Doing so would demonstrate their ability to reliably forecast the evolutionary future of these populations.”可知，研究基因变化的重复性的目的是为了预测物种未来是如何进化的。故选C。Passage B Working on a computer with a traditional mouse never came easy for 8-year-old Isabelle Dapkus, who has developmental disabilities. However, Isabelle is now able to access her schoolwork online, all thanks to a fidget mouse (减压鼠标): the Hoglet - a multi-sensory device that resembles toy. “She’s never been able to use a mouse before, and it wasn’t for lack of trying, but it was just not the appropriate tool,” said her mother, Julia Dapkus, 41, of Michigan.As virtual learning has become a common option for families during the COVID-19 pandemic, online schooling has also become a struggle for students with developmental disabilities.The Hoglet - which takes its name from its resemblance to a baby hedgehog (刺猬) - is specially designed with elements from a fidget toy to increase focus for those with developmental disabilities and autism spectrum disorder (自闭症). The Hoglet is wireless and minimizes clicking sounds as to not annoy those with autism spectrum disorder.Parker Lynch, creator of the Hoglet and CEO of Hedgehog Health, met Dapkus at a fundraiser, and he eventually asked her and her daughter to test the mouse out. Children who use a fidget device have an increase in concentration, are not as restless and are more likely to complete tasks in treatment and education, according to a study. The Flushing Hospital Medical Center in New York, which performed the study, found that fidget toys can be academically beneficial for students, including those with learning disabilities.Because of research of his own that saw similar results, Lynch decided to create a tool similar to fidget toys that could provide the same functionality. After five years of research and testing, Lynch founded Hedgehog Health and released the company’s first product, the Hoglet.Lynch is now working on a removable and washable cover for the Hoglet as well as another mouse that will stimulate all five senses.1. Why was the Hoglet invented?A. To popularize virtual learning. B. To replace the old-fashioned mouse.C. To involve interaction in school learning. D. To help the mentally disabled study online.2. Where can you find the encouraging test results of fidget devices?A. In paragraph 2.       B. In paragraph 3.       C. In paragraph 4.            D. In paragraph 5.3. What inspired Lynch’s invention of the Hoglet?A. His struggling experience.                       B. His meeting Dapkus.C. His study on using fidget toys.                   D. His dream of founding Hedgehog Health.4. What is the text mainly about?A. Reinventing a mouse.                             B. A multi-sensory toy.C. Fighting autism spectrum disorder.                 D. Treatment for learning disabilities.参考答案：这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一款新发明的减压鼠标。这款鼠标能够帮助发展障碍和自闭症的孩子们更好的参加在线学习。1.细节理解题。根据第二段“As virtual learning has become a common option for families during the COVID-19 pandemic, online schooling has also become a struggle for students with developmental disabilities.（随着虚拟学习在2019冠状病毒期间成为家庭的普遍选择，在线教育也成为发展障碍学生的斗争。）”以及第三段的第一句话“The Hoglet - which takes its name from its resemblance to a baby hedgehog (刺猬) - is specially designed with elements from a fidget toy to increase focus for those with developmental disabilities and autism spectrum disorder (自闭症).（the Hoglet的名字来源于它与小刺猬的相似之处。它是一款特别设计的玩具，采用了减压玩具的元素，以增加发育障碍和自闭症障碍患者的注意力。）”可知，the Hoglet的发明是为了帮助发育障碍和自闭症障碍患者的网上学习。故选D。2.推理判断题。根据第四段“Children who use a fidget device have an increase in concentration, are not as restless and are more likely to complete tasks in treatment and education, according to a study. （一项研究表明，使用减压设备的儿童注意力更集中，没有那么不安，更有可能完成治疗和教育任务。）”可推知，第四段主要讲述使用减压装置的孩子们注意力更集中，而且更好的完成治疗和教育任务，所以我们可知在这段找到这种设备令人鼓舞的测试结果。故选C。3.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 第一句话“Because of research of his own that saw similar results, Lynch decided to create a tool similar to fidget toys that could provide the same functionality. （因为他自己的研究也得出了类似的结果，林奇决定建一个类似于fidget玩具的工具，可以提供相同的功能。）”可知，在研究减压装置对于自闭症患者的影响的测试中，出现了令人鼓舞的测试结果，所以激励了Lynch发明一个具有相似功能的鼠标—the Hoglet。故选C。4.主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了一款新发明的减压鼠标。这款鼠标能够帮助发展障碍和自闭症的孩子们更好的参加在线学习。所以“重塑鼠标”符合文章的大意。故选A.Passage C For you who dream of studying abroad, you' re probably thinking it'll be an easy transition. From my personal experience, I can tell you that it is much fun, but certainly not easy. ____1____ Here are some of them that you need to overcome for your further study.You may feel like an outsider. Regardless of what country you' re going to, you may find yourself wondering why everyone's laughing when you don't realize someone has told a joke. ____2____ Actually everyone I've ever met while studying abroad has been very friendly. Though I may never become truly "one of them", finally this problem becomes smaller and smaller.You have to overcome the language barrier. Even if you're studying in a country where you speak the same language, there're still strong local accents and slang phrases（俚语）to clear. ____3____ However, the language barrier problem also goes away pretty quickly.____4____ When something seems to go against you in a foreign country, you can really feel on your own. Your family and friends will be hundreds or even thousands of miles away. This challenge is likely to be felt most especially true in the first few months. But then, you'll make new friends and after a year or so, everything will be OK!There' re cultural misunderstandings for you to deal with. As a foreigner, you don't know the local culture. ____5____ Don't worry; you can avoid cultural misunderstandings by observing what others do and how they do it. If there's any doubt, just ask! You'll find most people are happy to talk about their customs.A．Don't let this discourage you.B．You' re far from your support network.C．In fact, there are many challenges of studying abroad.D．You'll make mistakes, and many may be embarrassing.E．Living abroad is wonderful when everything is going well.F．So the words students use are going to be difficult to learn.G．You should know that you can work out those problems by yourself.参考答案：1．空格前文“From my personal experience, I can tell you that it is much fun, but certainly not easy.”可知转折连词“but”后为下文的重点，即留学面临的困难、挑战。空格后文“Here are some of them that you need to overcome for your further study.”代词“them”应该用于指代前文出现过的名词。选项C “In fact, there are many challenges of studying abroad.”中的“challenge”在上下文的内容中起到承前启后的作用。故选C。2．空格前文“Regardless of what country you' re going to, you may find yourself wondering why everyone's laughing when you don't realize someone has told a joke.”点名了挑战之一，这是让人受挫的事情。后文“Actually everyone I've ever met while studying abroad has been very friendly.”表明虽然面临被取笑的情况，但事实上不要难过，因为大家都是友好的。选项A“Don't let this discourage you.”中的代词“this”指代前文被取笑一事；且后文指出不要因此感到备受挫折是因为大家其实都很友好。前后文过渡自然。故选A。3．空格前文“…there're still strong local accents and slang phrases（俚语）to clear.”可推测出留学生还需要多花时间学习语言。后文“However, the language barrier problem also goes away pretty quickly.”仍然在讲语言障碍问题。选项F“So the words students use are going to be difficult to learn.”（所以学生们要使用的词汇学起来很难。）承接前文，进一步指出语言障碍带来的挑战，且与后文的语言障碍关系密切，符合语境。故选F。4．空格后文“When something seems to go against you in a foreign country, you can really feel on your own. Your family and friends will be hundreds or even thousands of miles away.”表明这一段提出的挑战应该是留学会使人处于孤身一人、无依无靠的处境。选项B“You' re far from your support network.”与后文内容主体一致，可用在段首做总起句。故选B。5．空格前文“As a foreigner, you don't know the local culture.”可推测出下文可能会讲述因为文化不同，出现误解等尴尬状况。选项D“You'll make mistakes, and many may be embarrassing.”进一步指出前文文化问题带来的挑战。符合语境。故选D。