时事热点 专题07 共享单车-备战2022年高考英语热点时文阅读理解专项训练（第1期）

这是一份时事热点 专题07 共享单车-备战2022年高考英语热点时文阅读理解专项训练（第1期），文件包含时事热点专题07共享单车--冲刺2022年高考英语阅读理解专项训练解析版doc、时事热点专题07共享单车--冲刺2022年高考英语阅读理解专项训练原卷版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共33页， 欢迎下载使用。
（2021·陕西安康市·高二期末） Uber has intrduced a mtrcycle taxi service in the ver-crwded streets f Bangkk.
The mve is an effrt t respnd t what cmpetitr Grab is ding, and Grab already ffers a mtrcycle ptin in the Thai capital, called GrabBike.
It isn't Uber's first g at mtrcycles. In 2012, the cmpany launched a mt-taxi ptin in Paris fr a few weeks as a shrt-term experiment. It hasn't tried anther mtrcycle feature until the Bangkk ne, which it has designed fr cities in develping cuntries like Thailand.
Mtrbike rides can nw be requested like any ther Uber taxi n the app in three central Bangkk neighbrhds, and the driver will even shw up with a helmet fr the passenger.
"Mtrcycles are part f the cmmuting(通勤)culture in Thailand," Duglas Ma said in a Statement, "The new service wuld create tens f thusands f flexible wrk pprtunities fr Thais."
Fares start at 10 baht(28 US cents), and cst an additinal 3. 50 baht fr each kilmeter and 0. 85 baht per minute fr every ride—cheaper than the car service.
Bangkk residents reprted varying degrees f success at finding available mtrcycle taxis in the city after the feature launched Wednesday(February 24, 2016), ranging frm a few minutes away t nne at all. Uber declined t cmment n hw many mtrcycles are available thrugh the app.
The startup said it has plans t rll ut the mtrcycle service in ther cities in the near future, but it wuldn't clearly state which nes. The taxi -hailing app is in ver a dzen Sutheast Asian lcatins, including Bali, H Chi Minh City and Singapre.
1．Why did Uber intrduce a mtrcycle taxi service in Bangkk?
A．T cmpete with Grab.B．T change Thais' way f cmmuting.
C．T make a handsme prfit.D．T ease Thailand's crwded traffic.
2．Uber started a mt-taxi ptin in Paris t________.
A．attract public attentinB．shw its mtrcycle feature
C．d an experimentD．raise mre mney
3．What can we infer frm what Duglas Ma said inPara.5?
A．Thais nly ride mtrcycles when ging ut.
B．He suggest that Thais accept diverse cmmuting cultures.
C．Mtrcycle is a majr way f transprtatin in Thailand.
D．He believes Mtrbike rides will have a bright future in Thailand.
4．When did Uber start the mtrcycle taxi service in Bangkk?
A．On Tuesday.B．On Wednesday.
C．On Thursday.D．On Friday.
【答案】
1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述优步在曼谷拥挤的街道上推出了一项摩托车出租车服务，并计划在不久的将来在其他城市推出摩托车服务。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The mve is an effrt t respnd t what cmpetitr Grab is ding, and Grab already ffers a mtrcycle ptin in the Thai capital, called GrabBike.（此举是为了应对竞争对手Grab正在做的事情，Grab已经在泰国首都提供了一种名为GrabBike的摩托车服务。）”可知优步的竞争对手、打车软件公司Grab已经先于优步推出了这种服务—“GrabBike”，于是优步赶紧跟上,即与Grab竞争。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In 2012, the cmpany launched a mt-taxi ptin in Paris fr a few weeks as a shrt-term experiment.（2012年，作为短期试验，该公司在巴黎推出了一项为期几周的摩托车出租服务。）”可知2012年，优步就曾在巴黎短期试验过摩托车出租服务。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“"Mtrcycles are part f the cmmuting(通勤)culture in Thailand," Duglas Ma said in a Statement, "The new service wuld create tens f thusands f flexible wrk pprtunities fr Thais.”可知，优步亚洲推广总监道格拉斯·马在一份声明中称：“泰国人本来就比较喜欢用摩托通勤。”他认为，摩的服务将会“为泰国带来成千上万个更加灵活的工作机会”，由此推断，他认为摩托车服务在泰国会有一个光明的未来，故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据第七段中的“Bangkk residents reprted varying degrees f success at finding available mtrcycle taxis in the city after the feature launched Wednesday（February 24, 2016）, ranging frm a few minutes away t nne at all.（该功能于周三（2016年2月24日）推出后，曼谷居民报告称，他们在市内找到可用的摩托车出租车的成功率各不相同，有的几分钟就能找到，有的根本找不到。）”可知，优步在曼谷的摩托车租车服务是周三开始的。故选B。
Passage 2
（2021·海南儋州市·儋州二中高一月考） Cities acrss America have set up bike-share prgrams as sustainable (可持续的) transprtatin alternatives t ease traffic jams. Yet despite these prgrams’ advantages and ppularity, significant peratinal challenges remain.
Residential neighbrhds face shrtages f bicycles in the mrning rush hur, while business districts have a lack f bikes in the evening. What’s mre, parking dcks can be full at certain hurs when riders have reached their destinatins. Currently, many systems rebalance their bike supply using bx trucks that reallcate dzens f bikes at a given time. This is a cstly, time-cnsuming attempt that enlarges the systems’ carbn ftprint. Thus, it is vital that rebalancing be as efficient as pssible. With that in mind, my clleagues and I set ut t develp advanced algrithms (算法) t deal with the nvel challenges f bike-share peratins.
One area t which ur methds were applied was the Bike Angels prgram that ur cllabratrs run in cities acrss the cuntry. Initially, riders f Bike Angels earn pints by renting r returning bikes at certain high-need statins.
In a study, we fund that these fixed patterns cause inefficiencies when returns are incentivized (激励) in lcatins where they d nt actually help with rebalancing.
The changes t peratinal patterns we made based n ur algrithms can increase the efficiency f the incentives by arund 15 percent. And imprtantly, this frm f rebalancing cmes with a much better carbn ftprint than bx trucks!
Our algrithms are applied fr ther purpses, t. Fr instance, by analyzing usage infrmatin, we were able t help peratrs make accurate determinatins abut whether they need t send ut crews t fix a brken bike r dck as well as dealing with maintenance (维修) issues in a timely manner.
T be sure, algrithms can’t fix every new transprtatin prblem and they have many limitatins. But what is clear is that many challenges that cme with new ptins, including e-bikes and free-flating bike-share systems, require the real-time data-driven appraches.
5．What can we learn abut bike-share prgrams in Paragraph 1?
A．They have many drawbacks.
B．They add a burden t city traffic.
C．They wrk much better in business districts.
D．They increase the ppularity f sharing ecnmy.
6．What des the underlined wrd “that” in Paragraph 2 prbably refer t?
A．Hw t reduce bx trucks’ carbn ftprint.
B．Hw t use bx trucks t reallcate bikes.
C．Hw t rebalance bike supply efficiently.
D．Hw t help riders earn mre pints.
7．Which f the fllwing shws the advantages f the authr’s algrithms?
①Increasing bx-truck cmpanies’ prfit.
②Imprving the effectiveness f incentives.
③Prviding mre incentives fr regular cyclists.
④Making bike reallcatin mre envirnmentally friendly.
⑤Making the maintenance f bikes mre timely and accurate.
A．①②③B．①③④C．③④⑤D．②④⑤
8．What can be the suitable title fr the text?
A．Creative appraches t easing traffic jams
B．Advantages f develping advanced algrithms
C．An intrductin f Bike Angels’ incentive system
D．An effective slutin t bike-share peratinal prblems
【答案】
5．A 6．C 7．D 8．D
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了面对自行车共享运营的新挑战，作者和同事们着手开发高级算法，这种算法有效解决了自行车共享运营问题。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Yet despite these prgrams’ advantages and ppularity, significant peratinal challenges remain.”（然而，尽管这些项目有优势和流行，重大的运营挑战仍然存在。）可知，自行车共享计划在有优势的同时，也面临着重大的运营挑战，再结合第二段内容“Residential neighbrhds face shrtages f bicycles in the mrning rush hur, while business districts have a lack f bikes in the evening. What’s mre, parking dcks can be full at certain hurs when riders have reached their destinatins.”（居民区在早高峰时间面临自行车短缺，而商业区在晚上则缺乏自行车。更重要的是，当车手到达目的地时，停车场在特定的时间可能会满员。）可知，这些运营挑战包括不同地区在不同的时间段里面临自行车短缺问题，特定时间停车场满员等。由此可知，从第1段内容中我们可以得知，自行车共享计划有很多缺点。故选A项。
6．词句猜测题。根据划线单词上句“Thus, it is vital that rebalancing be as efficient as pssible.”（因此，至关重要的是，再平衡是尽可能高效的。）可知，现阶段需要解决的是如何能高效地进行共享自行车的再平衡。由此可知，考虑到“如何有效地重新平衡自行车供应”，我和我的同事们着手开发高级算法，以应对自行车共享运营的新挑战，划线单词“that”代指“如何有效地重新平衡自行车供应”。故选C项。
7．细节理解题。根据第五段关键句“The changes t peratinal patterns we made based n ur algrithms can increase the efficiency f the incentives by arund 15 percent. And imprtantly, this frm f rebalancing cmes with a much better carbn ftprint than bx trucks!”（根据我们的算法对操作模式进行的更改可以将激励的效率提高15%左右。重要的是，这种形式的再平衡带来了比箱式卡车更好的碳足迹！）可知，作者的算法提高了激励的有效性，同时，使自行车重新分配更环保，与选项②和④表述一致；根据第六段关键句“Fr instance, by analyzing usage infrmatin, we were able t help peratrs make accurate determinatins abut whether they need t send ut crews t fix a brken bike r dck as well as dealing with maintenance (维修) issues in a timely manner.”（例如，通过分析使用信息，我们能够帮助运营商准确确定他们是否需要派出人员修理损坏的自行车或停车场地，并及时处理维修问题。）可知，作者的算法使自行车的保养更加及时和准确，与选项⑤表述一致，由此可知，作者算法的优点为②④⑤所阐述的内容。故选D项。
8．主旨大意题。分析文章内容，结合第二段关键句“With that in mind, my clleagues and I set ut t develp advanced algrithms (算法) t deal with the nvel challenges f bike-share peratins.”（考虑到这一点，我和我的同事们着手开发高级算法，以应对自行车共享运营的新挑战）可知，文章主要讲述了面对自行车共享运营的新挑战，作者和同事们着手开发高级算法，这种算法提高了激励的有效性、使自行车重新分配更环保，同时，使自行车的保养更加及时和准确，有效解决了自行车共享运营问题。“An effective slutin t bike-share peratinal prblems”意为“自行车共享运营问题的有效解决方案”，能够概括文章主要内容。故选D项。
Passage 3
（2020·山西大同市·高三开学考试） Culd bike share prgrams lead t greater cycling safety?
In April 2015, Philadelphia intrduced a bike share prgram. By 2019, there were mre than 1,300 bikes and 400 pedal-assisted electric bicycles available. Peple used them fr abut 50,000 trips a mnth.
Befre the intrductin f the bike share prgram, the rate f bicycle-car accidents had been gradually increasing. By May 2015, the mnth after the intrductin f the prgram, the rate was twice that f January 2010.
But the researchers, writing in the American Jurnal f Public Health, fund that frm that time thrugh the end f 2018, the rate decreased by an average f 13 percent a year, despite the increases ver thse years in the number f bicycles n city streets, and even thugh Philadelphia made n majr basic cnstructin changes, like adding many prtected bike lanes (自行车道).
The lead authr, Ghassan B．Hamra, an assistant prfessr at the Jhns Hpkins Blmberg Schl f Public Health, said it appeared that there is safety in numbers: the mre bikes n the rad, the mre car drivers adapt t their presence, and the safer cyclists may be.
“We all knw that bike riding is a healthy activity, physically and mentally,” he said, “but there might be cncerns that if yu intrduce a bike share prgram there will be negative cnsequences. We saw n evidence f that in Philadelphia.”
9．What has happened t the number f bicycle-car accidents with the intrductin f the bike share prgram?
A．It has increased.B．It has reduced.
C．It remains the same.D．It is unknwn.
10．What is the result f mre bikes n the rad?
A．Many prtected bike lanes have been added.
B．Car drivers are mre used t their presence.
C．Mre peple take up bike riding as a healthy activity.
D．Negative cnsequences have appeared.
11．What happens between Ghassan B．Hamra and the bike share prgram in Philadelphia?
A．He is in favr f it.B．He disapprves f it.
C．He brught it in.D．He is cncerned abut it.
12．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A．Sharing bikes, cutting accidentsB．Prblems with sharing bikes
C．Basic cnstructin changesD．Share prgram in Philadelphia
【答案】
9．B 10．B 11．A 12．A
【分析】
本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了自行车共享计划能够提高骑车的安全性，减少自行车和汽车的事故率。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段中的Befre the intrductin f the bike share prgram, the rate f bicycle-car accidents had been gradually increasing.(在自行车共享计划推出之前，自行车和汽车的事故率一直在逐渐上升)及第四段中的But the researchers, writing in the American Jurnal f Public Health, fund that frm that time thrugh the end f 2018, the rate decreased by an average f 13 percent a year,(但研究人员在《美国公共卫生杂志》上的发现,从那时候到2018年底，事故率平均下降了13%)可知，随着自行车共享计划的引入，自行车和汽车相撞的事故数量已经减少。故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The lead authr, Ghassan B. Hamra, an assistant prfessr at the Jhns Hpkins Blmberg Schl f Public Health, said it appeared that there is safety in numbers: the mre bikes n the rad, the mre car drivers adapt t their presence, and the safer cyclists may be.(该研究的第一作者、约翰霍普金斯大学布隆伯格公共卫生学院的助理教授Ghassan B. Hamra表示，数量似乎是安全的：路上的自行车越多，就会有更多的汽车司机适应它们的存在，骑自行车的人可能也会更安全)可知，道路上自行车增多的结果是汽车司机更习惯它们的存在。故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“We all knw that bike riding is a healthy activity, physically and mentally,” he said, “but there might be cncerns that if yu intrduce a bike share prgram there will be negative cnsequences. We saw n evidence f that in Philadelphia.”(“我们都知道，骑自行车无论是在身体上还是在精神上都是一项有益健康的活动，”他说，“但人们可能会担心，如果你推出一项自行车共享计划，将会带来负面后果。我们在费城没有看到这方面的证据。”)可推知，Ghassan B. Hamra支持费城的自行车共享计划。故选A。
12．主旨大意题。根据第一段Culd bike share prgrams lead t greater cycling safety?(自行车共享计划能提高骑车的安全性吗？)及下文对推出自行车共享计划后自行车和汽车的事故率的研究分析可知，自行车共享计划能够提高骑车的安全性，减少自行车和汽车的事故率。由此可知，A. Sharing bikes, cutting accidents(共享单车，减少事故)适合做本文最佳标题。故选A。
Passage 4
（2020·辽宁） In the last few years. “bike-sharing” cmpanies like Bike, f, and Mbike began flding (挤满) streets in places like China, Japan, Australia, and Singapre with bikes. But I didn’t take lng befre there were t many cmpanies and t many bikes n the streets. Sn many cmpanies went ut f business, leaving behind thusands f unused rental bikes. Many f them were cmpletely new.
Businessman Mike Than Tun Win realized that thugh these bikes didn’t have any value where they were, they culd d a lt f gd fr schlchildren in Myanmar. Sme children in Myanmar travel an hur r mre n ft every day t get t schl. Sn. Mr. Than Tun Win had raised arund $400, 000 fr the LessWalk prject. Abut half f the mney was his wn, and the ther half was given by cmpanies.
The LessWalk prject bught thusands f new rental bikes frm failed cmpanies and shipped them t Myanmar. Once in Myanmar, the bikes are changed t make them mre useful fr students. The rental bikes used t require a smartphne app t unlck them. LessWalk changed this fr a lck with a key. They als added a secnd place t sit at the back f the bikes, allwing tw children t ride t schl n ne bike. Recently they’ve added anther change—they’re using special tires that dn’t g flat t take the place f the bike’s regular tires. With all the changes, Mr. Than says each bike csts Less Walk abut $35.
Giving ut the bikes takes a little lnger, since Less Walk wants t make sure that the bikes g t the students wh need them the mst. The prject is wrking with Myanmar’s gvernment and schls t fcus n pr students wh walk clse t tw hurs a day t schl.
Thugh Less Walk nly began in March, the prject has already brught arund 22, 500 bikes int Myanmar and has given ut ver 1, 000 bikes. Mr. Than Tun Win hpes t bring in as many as 100,000 bikes and expand the prgram t Las and Cambdia.
13．What is the first paragraph mainly used t d?
A．Attract readers’ attentin t the tpic.B．Intrduce a new tpic fr discussin.
C．Use sme examples t supprt the tpic.D．Prvide backgrund infrmatin n the tpic.
14．Why did Mike Than Tun Win set up the LessWalk prject?
A．T make mney.B．T help the needy.
C．T grw his business.D．T spread his green travel idea.
15．What can we learn abut the bikes that the LessWalk prject ffers?
A．They are all ld shared bikes.B．They allw tw peple t ride n ne bike.
C．They nly allw an hur f use a day.D．They require a smartphne app t unlck them.
16．Why des giving ut the bikes take a little lnger?
A．There aren’t enugh bikes fr the lcals.
B．The lcals shw little interest in bikes.
C．The prject has t pick ut its users carefully.
D．The prject hasn't yet received the lcal gvernment’s supprt.
【答案】
13．D 14．B 15．B 16．C
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了商人Mike Than Tun Win购买如今被闲置的共享单车，改造后交给缅甸需要步行很久去上学的学生。他设立LessWalk项目，并筹集了大约40万美元，但该项目已经为缅甸带来了约22,500辆自行车，并发放了1000多辆自行车。Than Tun Win希望能引进多达10万辆自行车，并将该项目扩展到老挝和柬埔寨。
13．推理判断题。根据第一段In the last few years. “bike-sharing” cmpanies like Bike, f, and Mbike began flding (挤满) streets in places like China, Japan, Australia, and Singapre with bikes. But I didn’t take lng befre there were t many cmpanies and t many bikes n the streets. Sn many cmpanies went ut f business, leaving behind thusands f unused rental bikes. Many f them were cmpletely new.(在过去的几年里。在中国、日本、澳大利亚和新加坡等地，像Bike、f和摩拜这样的“共享单车”公司开始让自行车淹没街道。但没过多久，街上就出现了太多的公司和太多的自行车。很快，许多公司都倒闭了，留下了数千辆闲置的租赁自行车。其中很多都是全新的)以及第二段第一句Businessman Mike Than Tun Win realized that thugh these bikes didn’t have any value where they were, they culd d a lt f gd fr schlchildren in Myanmar.(商人Mike Than Tun Win意识到，尽管这些自行车在那里没有任何价值，但它们可以为缅甸的学生们做很多有益的事情)由此可推知，第一段主要用来提供文章的背景信息。故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据第二段Businessman Mike Than Tun Win realized that thugh these bikes didn’t have any value where they were, they culd d a lt f gd fr schlchildren in Myanmar. Sme children in Myanmar travel an hur r mre n ft every day t get t schl. Sn. Mr. Than Tun Win had raised arund $400, 000 fr the LessWalk prject. Abut half f the mney was his wn, and the ther half was given by cmpanies.可知商人Mike Than Tun Win意识到，尽管这些自行车在那里没有任何价值，但它们可以为缅甸的学生们做很多有益的事情。缅甸的一些儿童每天要步行一个小时甚至更多的时间去上学。很快。Than Tun Win先生已经为LessWalk项目筹集了大约40万美元。大约一半的钱是他自己的，另一半是公司提供的。由此可推知，Mike Than Tun Win建立了LessWalk项目是为了帮助有需要的人。故选B。
15．细节理解题。根据第三段中They als added a secnd place t sit at the back f the bikes, allwing tw children t ride t schl n ne bike.可知他们还在自行车的后面增加了一个座位，允许两个孩子骑一辆自行车去上学。由此可知，LessWalk项目提供的自行车允许两个人骑一辆自行车。故选B。
16．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Giving ut the bikes takes a little lnger, since Less Walk wants t make sure that the bikes g t the students wh need them the mst. The prject is wrking with Myanmar’s gvernment and schls t fcus n pr students wh walk clse t tw hurs a day t schl.可知分发自行车需要更长的时间，因为Less Walk想要确保自行车去到那些最需要他们的学生手里。该项目正与缅甸政府和学校合作，重点关注那些每天步行近两个小时上学的贫困学生。由此可知，分发自行车需要更长的时间，因为该项目必须仔细挑选使用者。故选C。
Passage 5
（2020·合肥市第八中学高一月考）
Right in frnt f the Minneaplis Central Library, a rw f green bikes sits parked in a special stand. Each bike is designed with the lg “Nice Ride”-the name f the city's bike-sharing prgramme.
Nice Ride bikes are a lt like the library bks that peple cme here t brrw. T rent a bike, yu simply use yur membership card at a Nice Ride bike statin. Members can rent ne f 1,200 bikes frm 138 statins thrughut Minnesta's largest city. Peple use the Nice Ride bikes t g t wrk, t g ut n business, r just t enjy the city's many bike paths.
The rise f bike-sharing prgrammes like Nice Ride is encuraging mre peple than ever t chse biking ver driving. Skyrcketing gas prices and cncerns abut the envirnment have als gtten peple t dust ff their bike helmets, pump air int flat tires, and hit the rad.
Why ride? Nt nly is biking gd exercise, but switching frm a car t a bike als cuts dwn the amunt f pllutin in the air. Carbn dixide, a greenhuse gas linked t climate change, is ne f the many plluting substances that cme ut f a car's tail pipe.
Bike-sharing systems are fund arund the wrld in cities like Lndn, Paris, Barcelna, and Melburne. The largest prgramme with 70,000 bikes-is in Wuhan, China.
T make rads friendlier t nn-mtrists, the US Department f Transprtatin has invested mre than a billin dllars in cycling and pedestrian prjects in recent years. The mney went twards building thusands f miles f n-street bike lanes and pedestrian-nly passages called greenways.
17．Which f the fllwing can peple d with the bikes?
A．Earn a living.B．Enjy bikeways.
C．Cmpete in a race.D．Rent them ut t thers.
18．What is Paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A．Benefits f biking.
B．Pllutin caused by cars.
C．Methds t use the bikes.
D．Measures t decrease pllutin.
19．Which f the fllwing is true f Nice Ride?
A．China has better public bike systems than it.B．It will take the place f taxi cmpanies.
C．It attracts mre peple t chse biking.D．The gvernment lacks mney t supprt it.
20．What is the authr's purpse in writing this text?
A．T seek advice fr Nice Ride.
B．T cmpare Nice Ride with libraries.
C．T raise mney fr bike-sharing prgrammes.
D．T intrduce the bike-sharing system in public places.
【答案】
17．B 18．A 19．C 20．D
【分析】
本文是说明文。文章介绍了一个城市自行车共享的项目，鼓励人们骑车出行，减少污染。
17．细节理解题。根据第二段提到 Peple use the Nice Ride bikes t g t wrk, t g ut n business, r just t enjy the city's many bike paths.可知，人们用自行车可以去工作，谈生意，享受城市的自行车道，故选 B。
18．主旨大意题。根据第四段提到 Nt nly is biking gd exercise, but switching frm a car t a bike als reduces the amunt f pllutin in the air.可知，骑自行车车不仅仅可以锻炼身体，还能减少汽车有害气体的排放，有助于环保，所以第四段主要是关于自行车的益处。故选 A。
19．细节理解题。根据文中提到鼓励人们骑自行车而不是取代车辆，故 A 错误；根据倒数第二 段提到 The largest prgram-with 70,000 bikes-is in Wuhan, China.可知，有一个项目 在中国，而不是自行车体系，故 B 项错误；根据最后一段提到 T make rads friendlier t nn-mtrists, the U.S. Department f Transprtatin has invested mre than a billin dllars in cycling and pedestrian prjects in recent years.可知政府大量的投入，故 D 项错误；根据第三段提到 The rise f bike-sharing prgrammes like Nice Ride is encuraging mre peple than ever t chse biking ver driving.s 可知，像Nice Ride这样的共享单车项目的兴起，正鼓励比以往更多的人选择骑自行车而不是开车。所以C选项正确。故选 C。
20．推理判断题。阅读原文根据首段Each bike is designed with the lg “Nice Ride”-the name f the city's bike-sharing prgramme.可知，每辆自行车的设计都带有“Nice Ride”的标志，这是该市共享单车项目的名称。以及全文对Nice Ride的具体介绍。由此判断出作者写作目的是为了介绍公共场所的共享自行车系统，故选 D。
Passage 6
（2020·广东珠海市·高三月考） Cities such as New Yrk, Washingtn, Bstn and San Francisc have launched bike-share prgrams t ease traffic jam, imprve public health, and cut carbn emissins (排放). Cyclists in thse cities tend t chse bike-sharing t make their trips t ffice r hme faster, cheaper, and mre fun. Last year, U.S. bike-share riders cmpleted nearly 46 millin trips—mre than twice as many trips frm the previus year.
Yet despite these prgrams’ advantages and ppularity, there are still huge challenges. Take, fr instance, the distributin (分布) f bikes. The living area face shrtages f bicycles in the mrning rush, while business districts d nt have enugh bikes in the evening. What’s mre, parking places can be full at certain hurs, making it difficult fr riders t return the bikes nce they’ve reached their destinatins.
Slving this prblem is nt easy. David B．Shmys and his clleagues set ut t develp cmplex algrithms(算法) and advanced analytics(逻辑法) t slve the challenges f bike-share peratins.
One area in which the methds were applied was the Bike Angels prgram. As part f the prgram, cyclists can be rewarded with pints by renting r returning bikes at certain high-need statins. Tday, Bike Angels accunts fr rughly 30 percent f bike rebalancing in New Yrk City. It has greatly imprved custmer satisfactin which, in turn, has mre riders. And mre imprtantly, this frm f rebalancing cmes with a much less carbn emissins, because less bx trucks are needed t mve the bikes!
David B．Shmys and his clleagues applied algrithms and analytics t slve ther prblems, t. Hwever, they can nt slve every new transprtatin prblem. They have many limitatins, including incmplete infrmatin. That is, David B．Shmys and his clleagues nly bserve the realized rentals (returns) at statins at which bikes were available, nt thse that were blcked due t the imbalance f the system.
21．Which is nt ne f the advantages f bike-share prgram?
A．It helps peple save mney.
B．It helps imprve the air quality.
C．It prvides mre bikes fr cyclists.
D．It helps peple build up their bdies.
22．What is mainly talked abut in paragraph 2?
A．Riders d nt want t return the bikes.
B．The distributin f bikes is a big prblem.
C．Peple d nt have enugh bikes in the mrning.
D．The bike-share prgram is very ppular in New Yrk.
23．What d we knw abut the Bike Angels prgram?
A．It had mre users due t the algrithms.
B．It increased the use f bx trucks.
C．It awarded riders cash fr renting bikes.
D．It re-balanced all the bikes in New Yrk.
24．What des the underlined wrd “they” in the last paragraph prbably refer t?
A．ther prblems
B．carbn emissins
C．algrithms and analytics
D．Transprtatin prblems
【答案】
21．C 22．B 23．A 24．C
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。纽约、华盛顿、波士顿和旧金山等城市已经启动了共享单车项目，以缓解交通堵塞、改善公共卫生和减少碳排放。在这些城市，骑自行车的人倾向于选择共享单车，以使他们去办公室或家里的旅程更快、更便宜、更有趣。尽管这些项目有其优势和受欢迎程度，仍然存在巨大的挑战。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段Cities such as New Yrk, Washingtn, Bstn and San Francisc have launched bike-share prgrams t ease traffic jam, imprve public health, and cut carbn emissins (排放). Cyclists in thse cities tend t chse bike-sharing t make their trips t ffice r hme faster, cheaper, and mre fun. Last year, U.S. bike-share riders cmpleted nearly 46 millin trips—mre than twice as many trips frm the previus year.“纽约、华盛顿、波士顿和旧金山等城市已经启动了共享单车项目，以缓解交通堵塞、改善公共卫生和减少碳排放。在这些城市，骑自行车的人倾向于选择共享单车，以使他们去办公室或家里的旅程更快、更便宜、更有趣。去年，美国共享单车用户完成了近4600万次出行，是前一年的两倍多。”由此推知，“它为骑自行车的人提供了更多的自行车” 不是共享单车计划的优点之一。故选C。
22．段落大意题。根据第二段中Yet despite these prgrams’ advantages and ppularity, there are still huge challenges. Take, fr instance, the distributin (分布) f bikes.“然而，尽管这些项目有其优势和受欢迎程度，仍然存在巨大的挑战。以自行车的分配为例。”由此可知，自行车的分配是个大问题。故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据第四段中It has greatly imprved custmer satisfactin which, in turn, has mre riders.“它极大地提高了顾客的满意度，而这反过来又带来了更多的顾客。”可知，the Bike Angels prgram有了更多的使用者。故选A。
24．词义指代题。根据最后一段David B. Shmys and his clleagues applied algrithms and analytics t slve ther prblems, t. Hwever, they can nt slve every new transprtatin prblem. David B. Shmys和他的同事们也用算法和分析来解决其他问题。然而，他们不能解决每一个新的交通问题。”由此推知，划线词they指代的是上句中的algrithms and analytics。故选C。
Passage 7
（2019·西藏林芝市·林芝一中高一期中） Abut three decades ag, China was knwn as the “Bicycle Kingdm”．But the tw­wheeled transprt's ppularity began t fade, with many bikes sn replaced by their fuel­pwered cmpetitrs.
But recent mnths have seen a renaissance f the bike acrss China, with an increasing number f peple chsing cycling instead f driving t schls, t wrkplaces r t d sightseeing.The intrductin f bike­sharing schemes, first develped by new cmpanies like Of and Mbike, has brught the trend t a new level.Accrding t data frm iResearch Cnsulting Grup, the first week f this year saw 5.85 millin active users f Mbike while Of had 1.4 millin active users.
Peple can unlck the shared bikes by simply using their smartphnes.The bikes are equipped with GPS and can be left anywhere in public places fr the next user.They're ppular amng many Chinese peple as they prvide an effective answer t the “last mile” prblem, which refers t a persn's final jurney.“In places where the subway desn't reach and where it's difficult t change frm ne kind f transprt t anther, it's s easy t get where yu want t g with Mbike，” Hu Hng, 29, said.She rides a bike t wrk.
Hwever, the schemes have als led t prblems such as illegal parking, vandalism (故意破坏) and theft.“Bike­sharing is a greener methd f transprtatin and prvides a user­friendly experience，” said Liu Xiaming, Vice­Minister f Transprt.“But it's a cmbinatin f nline and ffline business.Operatrs are usually strng in nline services, but lack ffline business experience.”
In fact, these prblems are als shared by bike­sharing schemes abrad.Set up in 2007, Vélib is a large­scale public bike sharing system in Paris.By Octber, 2009, a large number f Vélib's initial bikes had t be replaced due t vandalism r theft.Bikes were fund hanging frm lamppsts (街灯柱) r thrwn int the Seine River.
25．What can we learn abut Of and Mbike frm the text?
A．Their bikes are aimed at peple wh can't affrd a car.
B．They are pineers in the field f bike sharing in China.
C．There are 7.25 millin peple using their bikes this year.
D．N ther bike­sharing system in the wrld can match theirs.
26．Why are shared bikes cnvenient accrding t Hu Hng?
A．They can be shared by a lt f different peple.
B．They allw peple t use varius frms f transprt.
C．They are a useful additin t ther means f transprt.
D．They are accessible as lng as peple have smartphnes.
27．What d we knw abut the existing prblems with bike sharing?
A．They are actually universal phenmena.
B．They are brught by bike­sharing users.
C．They are mainly caused by the peratrs.
D．They are the results f illegal cmpanies.
28．What culd be the best title fr the text?
A．What prblems des bike sharing face in China?
B．Bike sharing: a new battle begins in China
C．Why is bike sharing ppular in China?
D．Bike sharing is bming in China.
【答案】
25．B 26．C 27．A 28．D
【分析】
本文为一篇说明文。说明了共享单车带来的一系列好处和问题。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段“The intrductin f bike­sharing schemes, first develped by new cmpanies like Of and Mbike, has brught the trend t a new level.”可知Of和Mbike最早在中国建立，是中国自行车共享领域的先驱。故选B项。
26．细节理解题。根据第三段“In places where the subway desn't reach and where it's difficult t change frm ne kind f transprt t anther, it's s easy t get where yu want t g with Mbike， Hu Hng, 29, said.”可知在一种交通工具到另一种交通工具很难进行转换的时候，共享单车补充了其他交通工具，是很好的选择。故选C项。
27．细节理解题。根据最后一段“In fact, these prblems are als shared by bike­sharing schemes abrad.”可知共享单车问题在国内外都存在，这些问题实际上是普遍现象。故选A项。
28．主旨大意题。分析全文可知，文章介绍了短时间内在中国爆发的共享单车带来的一系列好处和问题，D项“自行车共享在中国正蓬勃发展。”符合文章主旨。故选D项。
Passage 8
（2019·河北衡水市·高三三模） Bike sharing have becme ppular wrds in cities frm Cape Twn t Shanghai t Melburne. Planners, pliticians and media keep shwing ff their benefits: reducing pllutin, cngestin, travel csts and il dependence, while imprving public health. Bike sharing als helps make cities appear mdern, dynamic and wrld-wide—qualities much sught after by the creative class.
But what makes fr a successful public bike-sharing prgram? This is an imprtant questin because installing ne requires significant public and private investment and adjustment t the built envirnment.
While many prgrams have been launched amng much praise, ften their ppularity has sn declined. Many end up perating at a financial lss and depend n ther prfitable enterprises t crss-subsidize(交叉补贴) them. Sme have resulted in thrwn-away bikes becming an eyesre.
Understanding which factrs enhance r stp public bike sharing is critical in helping cities decide whether such a prgram is wrkable, befre cnsidering what design and sitting will wrk best.
Drawing n current knwledge, we discuss the imprtance f the lcal landscape, climate, cycling infrastructure (基础设施) and land use. We als tuch n ther factrs, such as the legal envirnment and the characteristics f the bike-sharing prgram itself.
Take natural envirnment fr example. Tw natural envirnment factrs are knwn t affect participatin: hilliness and weather. Hilliness discurages balanced bike-sharing use, as users avid returning bicycles t statins n hilltps. Thse statins end up being empty, while statins n flat areas are ften full, s users cannt find a statin t return their bikes.
As fr weather, ideal temperature ranges vary by the climate zne. Case studies shw warm and dry weather encurages public bike-sharing use. Rain and strng wind reduce the frequency f trips. Hwever, sme appraches, such as prviding sheltered, shaded, r even heated r cled cycling infrastructure, culd prve useful.
29．What can we infer abut bike sharing frm Paragraph 1?
A．It has n disadvantage.B．It is welcmed wrldwide.
C．It can slve every prblem.D．It is the symbl f mdern cities.
30．What is the current situatin f bike-sharing prgrams?
A．Many f them run at a lss.B．Mst f them make huge prfits.
C．They are the mst prmising business.D．Their develpment is determined by public investment.
31．Why des the authr mentin the natural envirnment?
A．T shw user’s interest in varius natural envirnment.
B．T shw the decisive functin f natural envirnment.
C．T shw the necessity f bike-sharing prgrams.
D．T shw the significance f sme factrs.
32．Which f the fllwing might increase bike-sharing use?
A．Hilliness.B．Attractive bikes.
C．Rain and strng wind.D．Perfect cycling infrastructure.
【答案】
29．B 30．A 31．D 32．D
【分析】
本文是一篇社会类短文阅读。文章主要介绍了共享自行车目前的状况及其使用影响因素。
29．推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容可知，共享自行车在全世界的各大城市的投入使用及优点，可以推断出共享自行车在全世界很受欢迎。故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据文章第三段Many end up perating at a financial lss and depend n ther prfitable enterprises t crss-subsidize(交叉补贴) them. Sme have resulted in thrwn-away bikes becming an eyesre.可知，许多共享自行车项目当前处于亏损当中。故选A。
31．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段Tw natural envirnment factrs are knwn t affect participatin: hilliness and weather.作者提及丘陵和天气两个自然环境对共享自行车的影响，是因为作者要说明一些因素对共享自行车的重要性。故选D。
32．推理判断题。根据文章最后三段作者提及共享自行车使用影响因素可知，完善的循环基础设施可能增加共享自行车的使用。故选D。
Passage 9
（2018·全国高三专题练习） Recently, nline hike-sharing has becme the new favrite in China. In majr cities, bikes in, yellw, range, blue, white and green, can be seen almst everywhere n the street. It seems that these bikes appeared suddenly, adding a new beautiful scenery t Chinese cities.
Bth the market and the public welcme nline bike-sharing, but is it really a prmising business? Well, it depends. After all, nline bike-sharing platfrms can never get away with huge perating cst and uncertain gvernment plicy.
Sme therists might say that nline bike-sharing platfrms can earn a frtune simply thrugh depsit. Since users will always need t rent bikes, their depsit will always be kept t nline bike-sharing platfrms.
Hwever, althugh nline bike-sharing platfrms may be able t use the depsit fr ther purpses at the primary stage, they will have t set up a special accunt, s that the depsit shall be used specially fr its designated (指定的) purpse. As the market gets increasingly mature, they will have t d s whether t be respnsible fr users r in cnsideratin f pssible gvernment regulatins.
Nw that nline hike-sharing platfrms can’t make prfit thrugh depsit，hw can they becme prfitable as fiercer market unflds? Althugh Hu Weiwei, CEO f Mbike, stated in an article that she wuld take Mbike as charitable(慈善的) prject if she failed, running a startup is abslutely different frm managing a charity rganizatin. After all , she has t pay back investrs’ billins f investment(投资).
T make prfit, nline bike-sharing platfrms might have t increase rent fee fr each trip, just as Didi did.
Frm this aspect, it might be a really gd business. If we cnsider full screen ads fee, recmmendatin fee fr business wners, etc. , its annual incme might reach at least RMB 15 billin. If we cnsider the huge peratin cst, including bike repairs，bikes’ service life and labr cst, there might nt be much net prfit left. After all, ffline peratin cst has always been an unbearable burden fr such internet plus mde-based startups.
33．Hw des the authr feel abut the future f nline bike-sharing platfrms?
A．Optimistic.B．Dubtful.
C．Hpeful.D．Secure.
34．Hw d sme therists think nline bike-sharing platfrms can make mney?
A．Thrugh advertisements.B．Thrugh services.
C．Thrugh depsit.D．Thrugh investment.
35．Hw shuld depsit be dealt with when the market is mature accrding t the authr?
A．Used fr ther purpses.
B．Kept in a special accunt.
C．Used fr charity.
D．Left aside t the users.
36．What des the underlined wrd ＂unflds＂ mean in the passage?
A．Shrinks.B．Spreads.
C．Shws.D．Develps.
【答案】
33．B 34．C 35．B 36．D
【分析】
该篇阅读为一篇说明文题材的的文章，文章主要讲述了时下中国较为流行的一种交通出行方式——共享单车。文章的第一部分主要介绍了共享单车给人们生活带来的便利，以及其广阔的市场前景，紧接着文章介绍了共享单车的运营方式以及盈利模式，在下面的部分当中文章又介绍了共享单车所存在的优势和劣势，并且分析了当前共享单车发展的现状。
33．观点态度题，根据本题题目“ Hw des the authr feel abut the future f nline bike-sharing platfrms?”对于共享单车这一平台的未来，作者有怎样的感觉？分析该题选项A ptimistic 乐观的 B dubtful 表示怀疑的 C hpeful 充满希望的 D secure 坚定的 通过该题题目的内容可以将答案定位到文章的第二段“Well, it depends. After all, nline bike-sharing platfrms can never get away with huge perating cst and uncertain gvernment plicy.”从uncertain这一词可以看出共享单车的未来存在着很多的不确定性，故该题选择D项dubtful表示怀疑的。
34．细节理解题，根据该题题目“理论家们是怎样认为共享单车这一平台有利可图？”因而我们可以将答案定位到文章第三段的Sme therists might say that nline bike-sharing platfrms can earn a frtune simply thrugh depsit.所以我们可以得出选择C项。
35．细节理解题，本题意为“当市场成熟之时，共享单车平台会如何处理这些储蓄呢？”根据题目我们可以将答案定位到文章的第四段“Hwever，althugh nline bike-sharing platfrms may be able t use the depsit fr ther purpses at the primary stage, they will have t set up a special accunt, s that the depsit shall be used specially fr its designated (指定的) purpse. ”故该题选择B项。
36．词义推理题，“unfld”开展， shrink缩水， spread传播，develp 发展，文章中“hw can they becme prfitable as fiercer market unflds?”该句意为随着市场发展的日益激烈，他们该如何做才可以有利可图?结合该句话的意思可以判断出该题当选择develp 发展 最符合题意，故选D项。