专题04（阅读理解之七选五）开学考试专辑+2022届高三英语百所名校好题分类快递

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专题04（阅读理解之七选五）解析版


浙江省台州市椒江区省联盟2022届高三开学考试英语试题
People of all ages and nationalities are opening Twitter, Facebook, and LinkedIn accounts to connect with friends, celebrities, and those who share similar interests as them. ___31___ Small businesses and corporations are also using it to develop closer relationships with their fans and attract new customers.
___32___ For starters, it can be an effective way to conduct market research. In the past, companies often spent millions on studies to determine what their customers wanted. However, they often had difficulties locating people who were interested in their products or services. Nowadays social media has simplified this process as many customers will follow or like the companies they purchase products from. Furthermore, online advertising campaigns through social media allow companies to specifically target people who like similar products as the ones they are selling.
___33___ It allows fans and customers to leave comments about companies, their products, or their services. In turn, these companies can evaluate this feedback and respond in a way that shows they truly care.
However, companies shouldn't jump into social media without a carefully-planned strategy, as this can cause more harm than good. A common mistake is putting new hires or outside consultants in charge of social media accounts. ___34___ Another mistake is using conservative, corporate language in posts and updates. On social media, people are looking for personalities they can connect with, so companies shouldn't shy away from using humor or being colorful. Finally, social media accounts should always provide value and other share-worthy content to fans, for that is the primary reason they became followers. ___35___
A. Social media has swept across the globe.
B. Social media isn't just for individuals though.
C. One company called Zippos does this extremely well.
D. The person controlling these accounts must be knowledgeable.
E. There are many ways that organizations can benefit from social media.
F. Social media also gives companies greater control over their brand image.
G. Only by following these tips, organizations can take their businesses to the next level.
【答案】31. B32. E33. F34. D35. G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述小企业和公司如何通过Twitter、Facebook和LinkedIn这些社交媒体与粉丝建立更密切的关系，吸引新客户。
【31题详解】根据后文“Small businesses and corporations are also using it to develop closer relationships with their fans and attract new customers.（小企业和公司也在利用它与粉丝建立更密切的关系，吸引新客户。）”可知，这些社交媒体不仅仅是对个人开放，而且也为小企业和公司服务。B项“然而，社交媒体并不仅仅针对个人。”符合句意。故选B。
【32题详解】此处是段落首句。根据下文“For starters, it can be an effective way to conduct market research.（首先，这可能是进行市场研究的有效方式。）”以及“Furthermore, online advertising campaigns through social media allow companies to specifically target people who like similar products as the ones they are selling.（此外，通过社交媒体开展的在线广告活动允许公司专门针对那些喜欢与他们销售的产品类似的产品的人。）”可知，本段介绍了公司利用社交媒体所获得的好处。E项“公司可以通过多种方式从社交媒体中受益。”适合做段首句。故选E。
【33题详解】根据空后“It allows fans and customers to leave comments about companies, their products, or their services.（它允许粉丝和客户对公司、产品或服务发表评论。）”可知，它会让顾客对公司，产品或服务进行评价，因而前文中需告诉读者代词it指的是社交媒体以及社交媒体对企业的影响。F项“社交媒体也让企业对其品牌形象有了更大的控制。”符合语境。故选F。
【34题详解】根据上文“A common mistake is putting new hires or outside consultants in charge of social media accounts. （一个常见的错误是让新员工或外部顾问负责社交媒体账户。）”可知，让新员工或外部顾问负责社交媒体账户事错误的，所以要说明他们不能很好的处理问题。D项“控制这些账户的人必须知识渊博。”符合语境，说明学识渊博的人正好弥补了新员工所带来的不足，符合语境。故选D。
【35题详解】根据段首句“However, companies shouldn't jump into social media without a carefully-planned strategy, as this can cause more harm than good. （然而，如果没有精心策划的策略，公司不应该跳进社交媒体，因为这可能弊大于利。）”可知，这段主要围绕怎样精心策划一些策略，才能让公司在社交媒体上受益。空处为段落总结句，G项中的“these tips”和前面的“a carefully-planned strategy”相呼应，而且总结了只有遵循这些技巧，组织才能将其业务提升到一个新的水平。故选G。

河南省濮阳市2021-2022学年高三下学期开学摸底考试英语试题
Travel is not only beneficial to our minds, bodies, and souls, but it will be important to many countries and communities that rely on tourism dollars to make ends meet. Now I’d like to go a bit more in depth with strategies for travelers to leave less of a mess behind.
Pack with great care. How you pack sets the tone for how you will interact with the place you visit. Take as little as you can. Pack useful things like a large scarf or a quick-dry towel that can double as a blanket, pillow, or sun guard. ___16___
Save water and energy. Paying for the hotel room doesn’t mean you should waste the resources. ___17___ Take short showers and reuse towels. Turn off the lights and turn down the heat when you leave.
___18___ When you travel with least luggage, it’s not a big deal to hop on a bus, train, or ferry, all of which come with a smaller carbon footprint than private cars or plane rides. Public transportation routes give you a different view of a city and a culture, bring you into contact with locals, and add some colorful stories to your adventure.
Avoid single-use plastic. When hanging out, carry a cloth shopping bag for any purchases. ___19___ Avoid takeout meals that produce waste.
Leave reviews. ___20___ By taking the time to leave a thoughtful review that analyzes the eco-credibility of a place you’ve visited, you can help the business get recognized for its effort, and encourage other travelers to prioritize (优先处理) environmental standards.
A. Use public transportation.
B. Pack more in case of an emergency.
C. Keep your bag light and easy to carry.
D. Avoid using it as much as possible.
E. Treat it as you do in your own home.
F. Carry a water bottle to avoid single-use plastic bottles.
G. This is an important yet often overlooked aspect of travel.
【答案】16. C17. E18. A19. F20. G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了几个旅行中保护环境，不留下一地狼藉的几个方法。
【16题详解】根据上一句“Take as little as you can. Pack useful things like a large scarf or a quick-dry towel that can double as a blanket, pillow, or sun guard.(尽量少带东西。带上一些有用的东西，比如一条大围巾或一块快干毛巾，它可以兼做毯子、枕头或防晒霜)”可知，此处是建议少带东西，只带有用的物品，分析选项，C项“让你的包轻一点，便于携带”承接上文，符合本段主题。故选C项。
【17题详解】根据空前一句“Paying for the hotel room doesn’t mean you should waste the resources.(支付酒店房间费用并不意味着你应该浪费资源)”可知，空处应是点明在酒店的正确做法。分析选项，E项“就像在家里一样对待它”符合题意，下文“Take short showers and reuse towels. Turn off the lights and turn down the heat when you leave. (短时间淋浴，重复使用毛巾。离开时把灯关掉，把暖气关小)”是具体的做法。上下文衔接紧密。故选E项。
【18题详解】空处是段落主题句。根据本段中“Public transportation routes give you a different view of a city and a culture, bring you into contact with locals, and add some colorful stories to your adventure.(公共交通线路可以让你看到一个城市和一种文化的不同视角，让你与当地人接触，并为你的冒险增添一些丰富多彩的故事)”可知，本段建议使用公共交通，A项“使用公共交通”符合题意。故选A项。
【19题详解】根据本段主题句“Avoid single-use plastic.(避免一次性塑料制品)”可知，本段建议避免使用一次性塑料制品，F项“随身携带水瓶，避免使用一次性塑料瓶”符合本段主题。故选F项。
【20题详解】根据本段主题句“Leave reviews.(留下评论)”可知，本段建议旅行后留下评论，下文“you can help the business get recognized for its effort, and encourage other travelers to prioritize (优先处理) environmental standards(你可以帮助商家的努力得到认可，并鼓励其他旅客优先处理环境标准)”具体讲了这样做的好处，分析选项，G项“这是旅行中一个很重要却经常被忽视的方面”符合语境。故选G项。

湖南省六校2021-2022学年高三下学期2月联考英语试题
Can you remember what you ate yesterday? If asked, most people will be able to give a vague description of their main meals: breakfast, lunch, dinner. But can you be sure you’ve noted every snack bar in your car, or every handful of nuts at your desk? ___16___
We originally had this suspicion back in 2016, puzzled by the fact that national statistics showed calorie consumption falling dramatically over past decades. Now, the Office for National Statistics has confirmed that people are considerably under-reporting what they ate by 50%.
___17___ We can point to at least three potential causes. One is the rise in obesity levels itself. Under-reporting rates are much higher for obese people, because they simply consume more food, and thus have more to remember.
Another cause is that the proportion of people who are trying to slim down has been increasing over time. ___18___ It may be driven partly by self-deception or “wishful thinking”.
___19___ Both are in terms of how often they happen and how much they contribute to our overall energy intake. Again, there is evidence that food consumed out of the home is one of the most poorly recorded categories in surveys.
So, what’s the message conveyed? If people do not know how much they are eating, it can be really hard for them to stick to a diet. ___20___ Therefore, we can ensure what people eat won’t have much impact on their waistlines. If this works, it won’t matter if they can’t remember what they ate yesterday.
A. Why is this happening?
B. What will come about next?
C. Most people will feel that they’ve missed something out.
D. We should be looking for new ways to handle this problem.
E. The final one is an increase in snacking and eating out recently.
F. People are consuming more calories than the national statistics claim.
G. Those who want to lose weight are more likely to under-report their eating.
【答案】16. C17. A18. G19. E20. D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们会通常不记得自己昨天吃过什么这一现象及其背后的原因。
【16题详解】上文“But can you be sure you’ve noted every snack bar in your car, or every handful of nuts at your desk?（但是你能确定你已经记下了你车里的每一家小吃店，或者你桌上的每一把坚果吗？）”说明人们一般不确定自己具体吃了什么，C项“大多数人会觉得他们漏掉了什么。”进一步说明人们不确定自己吃过的食物，符合题意。故选C。
【17题详解】下文“We can point to at least three potential causes.（我们可以指出至少三个潜在的原因。）”说明要指出至少三个潜在的原因，A项“为什么会这样？”提问原因，符合题意。故选A。
【18题详解】根据上文“Another cause is that the proportion of people who are trying to slim down has been increasing over time.”（另一个原因是，随着时间的推移，试图减肥的人的比例一直在增加）以及下文“It may be driven partly by self-deception or “wishful thinking”.（它可能部分是由自我欺骗或“一厢情愿的想法”驱动的。）”说明人们减肥失败的原因，G项“那些想减肥的人更可能低估自己的饮食。”与下文构成因果关系，符合题意。故选G。
【19题详解】下文“Both are in terms of how often they happen and how much they contribute to our overall energy intake.（这两种情况都取决于它们发生的频率以及它们对我们整体能量摄入的贡献。）”说明空处应介绍两种情况，E项中snacking and eating out是关键词，说明零食和外出就餐这两种情况，E项“最后一个问题是最近零食和外出就餐的增加。”符合题意。故选E。
【20题详解】上文“If people do not know how much they are eating, it can be really hard for them to stick to a diet.（如果人们不知道自己吃了多少，那么他们很难坚持节食。）”说明人们很难坚持节食的原因，空处应说明寻找解决问题的方法，D项“我们应该寻找处理这个问题的新方法。”符合题意。故选D。

四川省成都第七中学2021-2022学年高三下学期入学考试英语试题
When early colonial settlers went to America, they took many forms of dance to their new home. Square dancing, one of the oldest forms of American folk dancing, developed from several different Old World group dances, mainly English country dances, and the French quadrille (卡德利尔舞).
In the American version, a square is formed by four couples.____16____Each couple stands on one side of the square, the boy on the left and the girl on the right. An American addition to square dancing is the caller.
The caller—someone who calls out the dance steps in time to the music—was a completely American invention.____17____Later the dances became so complicated that it was necessary to have someone call out cues (暗示). Thus, dancers didn't have to remember so many steps. The caller didn't just call out “do-se-do your partner”; a good caller also came up with colorful sayings or witty lines that he would say in between the cues such as "Don't be bashful (羞怯的) and don't be afraid."____18____
Although popular for years, square dancing seemed to be going out of style and fading away until the early 1930s, when Henry Ford helped revive interest in it. Ford, the automobile manufacturer, used to vacation at the Wayside Inn in Massachusetts.____19____Ford asked Lovett to come to Detroit and teach dances, but Lovett said he couldn't because he had a contract with the inn. Ford solved that problem by buying the inn and Lovett's contract. He took Lovett back to Detroit, where together they established a program for teaching square dancing.____20____
A. They stand facing the center of the square.
B. Lovett's dance program attracted a lot of audience.
C. The caller was important because he told the dancers what to do.
D. At first, dancers memorized all the steps for a particular dance.
E. A caller might also come up with new dance steps and routines.
F. There he enjoyed the dance program run by a man named Benjamin Lovett.
G. Square dancing was updated and groups began forming all over the country.
【答案】16. A 17. D 18. E 19. F 20. G
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了方块舞的发展历史。
【16题详解】上文“In the American version, a square is formed by four couples.（在美国版中，一个方块由四对情侣组成）”说明一个方块舞的人员构成。下文“Each couple stands on one side of the square, the boy on the left and the girl on the right.（每对情侣站在广场的一边，男孩在左边，女孩在右边）”讲述方正舞具体的站位。A项“They stand facing the center of the square.（他们面对方块中心站着）”承接上文，其中：They指代上文中four couples，且引出下文对四对站位的具体描述，符合语境。故选A项。
【17题详解】上文“The caller—someone who calls out the dance steps in time to the music—was a completely American invention.（领舞者，即随着音乐的节拍喊出舞步的人，完全是美国人的发明）”引出领舞者的来源。下文“Later the dances became so complicated that it was necessary to have someone call out cues (暗示).（后来，舞蹈变得如此复杂，以至于必须有人喊出线索）”在具体讲述领舞者越来越有必要的原因。D项“At first, dancers memorized all the steps for a particular dance.（起初，舞者记住了某一特定舞蹈的所有舞步）”中的“At first”和下文中的“Later”形成顺承关系，展开讲述领舞者出现的原因，符合语境。故选D项。
【18题详解】上文“The caller didn't just call out “do-se-do your partner”; a good caller also came up with colorful sayings or witty lines that he would say in between the cues such as "Don't be bashful (羞怯) and don't be afraid."（领舞者不仅仅是喊“和你的搭档一起”，一个好的领舞者还会在提示之间说出一些生动的说辞或诙谐的台词，比如“不要害羞，不要害怕。”）”说明领舞者的职责。E项“A caller might also come up with new dance steps and routines.（领舞的人可能还会想出新的舞步和动作）”是对领舞者的进一步描述，承接上文。故选E项。
【19题详解】上文“Although popular for years, square dancing seemed to be going out of style and fading away until the early 1930s, when Henry Ford helped revive interest in it. Ford, the automobile manufacturer, used to vacation at the Wayside Inn in Massachusetts.（尽管方正舞流行多年，但它似乎已经过时，渐渐消失，直到20世纪30年代初，Henry Ford才重新激发了人们对它的兴趣。汽车制造商Ford曾经在马萨诸塞州的Wayside Inn度假）”说明方正舞的流行历史。下文“Ford asked Lovett to come to Detroit and teach dances, but Lovett said he couldn't because he had a contract with the inn. Ford solved that problem by buying the inn and Lovett's contract.（Ford邀请Lovett到底特律教舞蹈，但Lovett说他不能，因为他和旅馆有合同。Ford通过买下旅馆和Lovett的合同解决了这个问题）”继续讲述方正舞的流行历史。F项“There he enjoyed the dance program run by a man named Benjamin Lovett.（在那里，他喜欢一个叫Benjamin Lovett的人主持的舞蹈节目）”承上启下，其中的he指代上文中的Ford，并且其中的Benjamin Lovett 和下文中的Lovett相呼应，符合语境。故选F项。
【20题详解】本段主要讲述方块舞的没落和重新兴起，所填的句子是本段的总结句。本段开头“Although popular for years, square dancing seemed to be going out of style and fading away until the early 1930s, when Henry Ford helped revive interest in it. （尽管方正舞流行多年，但它似乎已经过时，渐渐消失，直到20世纪30年代初，Henry Ford才重新激发了人们对它的兴趣）”提到方正舞逐渐没落，后来Henry Ford重新激发了人们对它的兴趣。并且中间部分讲到Henry Ford让方块舞再次流行的过程。G项“Square dancing was updated and groups began forming all over the country.（方正舞得到更新，全国各地开始组建团体）”承接上文，符合语境。故选G项。

南京第一中学2021-2022学年高三下学期开学检测英语试题
A little knowledge and a few measures can enormously increase your chances of surviving an earthquake. The keys are education and preparing in advance. The earthquake safety tips below will not make you an expert. ____16____ Invest in your personal safety by studying below.
During the earthquake
If you are indoors, quickly move to a safe location in the room such as in the bathroom or along an inner wall. ____17____ The goal is to protect yourself from falling objects.
If you are cooking, turn off the stove and take cover.
____18____Move away from buildings, power lines ? and trees.
____19____Avoid stopping on or under bridges and overpasses, or under power lines, trees, or large signs. Stay in your car.
After the earthquake
Check for injuries, attend to injuries if needed, and help ensure the safety of people around you.
If the power is out, unplug（拔掉插头）major appliances to prevent possible damage when the power is turned back on. ____20____ If you will have to step in water to switch off the electricity, you should call a professional to switch it off for you.
A. If not, turn off electricity at the breaker.
B. Then you will be ready for the fast action needed.
C. If you are driving, slow down smoothly and stop on the side of the road.
D. Make sure that you are located near the structural strong points of the room.
E. Most earthquakes are over in seconds, so try to escape as quickly as possible.
F. However, they could make a life-saving difference in an earthquake situation.
G. If you are outdoors, move to an open area where falling objects are unlikely to strike you.
【答案】16. F 17. D 18. G 19. C 20. A
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了地震时和地震后的应对措施。
【16题详解】上一句提到“The earthquake safety tips below will not make you an expert. ”（下面给出的地震逃生提示不会让你成为专家）。后一句提到“ Invest in your personal safety by studying below.”（通过下面的学习来投资你的个人安全。）由此判断后文中的应对地震知识可以确保地震中的个人安全。空处与前一句构成转折关系。 F项提到“然而，它们可以在地震中拯救生命。”。F项起到转折作用，符合文意。故选F。
【17题详解】根据空处上一句中的“in the bathroom or along an interior wall”（在浴室里或沿着内墙）可知，空格处承接前一句说明要靠近房屋结构强度高的地方。D项提到“确保你的位置靠近房间的结构坚固点。”D项起到承上启下的作用，符合文意。故选D。
【18题详解】空格处下一句提到“Move away from buildings, power lines and trees.”（远离建筑物、电线和树木。）高楼、电压线和树，这些是发生地震时人在户外要避免的物体，G项提到“如果你在户外，移动到一个空旷的地方，在那里坠落的物体不太可能击中你。”G项起到引起后文的作用，符合文意。故选G。
【19题详解】后文提到“Stay in your car.”（待在你的车里）可知，空格处是说明地震时，如果你正在驾车，应该如何做。C项提到“如果你正在开车，平稳地减速并停在路边。”C项起到引起下文的作用，符合文意。故选C。
【20题详解】上一句提到“If the power is out, unplug（拔掉插头）major appliances to prevent possible damage when the power is turned back on. ”（如果电源被切断，拔掉主要电器的插头，以防止在电源重新打开时可能造成的损害。）空处与前一句中“power is out”（电源切断时）进行比较，说明电源未断时应先切断电源。A项提到“如果没有，则要关闭断路器的电源。”A项起到承上启下的作用，符合文意。故选A。
江苏省扬州中学2021-2022学年高三下开学检测英语试题
For most people, life has become a burden on their shoulders, and its weight is growing heavier and heavier, until one day they can’t carry it anymore. So how can we design a life that is less complex and more meaningful? With minimalism (极简主义). ____36____ The following ways will assist you in your journey to living a simper yet fuller life.
____37____ Most people’s living space is filled with things that are never used and don’t contribute to their well-being. Separate the ones you do need from the ones you don’t, and throw the latter right into the dustin — or better, give them away to people who might actually benefit from them.
Appreciate all the amazing things you already have. We constantly compare ourselves to others who seem happier, more beautiful and more important than us. We try our best to imitate those we envy. ____38____ We need to stop comparing and accept ourselves for who we are, with all our imperfections. Take a moment to appreciate what you have.
Do one thing at a time. Minimalist living actually means making the most out of each and every moment. We’re usually carrying out different tasks at the same time. So whatever we are doing, our mind is partly wondering somewhere else. ____39____
Develop mindfulness. ____40____ Thus you need to develop mindfulness. Mindfulness means fully attending to what’s happening in the present. There are many ways one can do so. Perhaps the most common way is to sit for about 30 minutes somewhere comfortably with your upper back straight and pay full attention to your breath as it’s coming in and out through your nose. In this way, you won’t be distracted by your thoughts.
A. It is about enjoying life more with less.
B. Stop consuming products you don’t need.
C. Yet no matter how much we try, we always fail.
D. Get rid of things that don’t serve your happiness.
E. minimalist living requires a calm and undisturbed mind.
F. Stop multitasking and concentrate on a single thing at a time.
G. Unfortunately, our minds are filled with worries in our busy lives.
【答案】36. A37. D38. C39. F40. E
【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了一些帮助人们过上简单而充实的生活的方法。
【36题详解】上文“So how can we design a life that is less complex and more meaningful? With minimalism.(那么，我们怎样才能设计一个不那么复杂而又更有意义的生活呢？极简主义。)”说明我们要用极简主义设计一个不复杂而又更有意义的生活，选项A“这是关于用更少的资源享受更多的生活。”承接上文，解释了极简主义，耗费资源更少而更有意义。语义通顺合理。故选A项。
【37题详解】下文“Most people’s living space is filled with things that are never used and don’t contribute to their well-being. Separate the ones you do need from the ones you don’t, and throw the latter right into the dustbin — or better, give them away to people who might actually benefit from them.(大多数人的生活空间都充满了从未用过的东西，对他们的健康没有好处。把你真正需要的和不需要的分开，把后者扔到垃圾箱里——或者更好，把它们送给那些可能真正从中受益的人。)”建议应该把生活空间中从未用过的东西扔掉或者送人，选项D“摆脱那些与你快乐无关的事情。”概括本段主题，把生活空间中那些无关的东西摆脱掉。语义通顺合理。故选D项。
【38题详解】上文“We constantly compare ourselves to others who seem happier, more beautiful and more important than us. We try our best to imitate those we envy. (我们总是把自己和那些看起来比自己更快乐、更美丽、更重要的人进行比较。我们尽力模仿我们所羡慕的人。)”说明人们总是互相攀比并模仿自己羡慕的人，选项C“然而无论我们如何努力，我们总是失败。”承接上文，转折语义，说明这样做并不成功，引出下文“We need to stop comparing and accept ourselves for who we are, with all our imperfections. (我们需要停止比较，接受我们自己，接受我们所有的不完美。)”建议停止攀比，接受自己。语义通顺合理。故选C项。
【39题详解】上文段首“Do one thing at a time. (一次只做一件事。)”概括了本段主题，一次做好一件事，选项F“停止一心多用，一次只专注一件事。”呼应段首，建议要一次专注于一件事。选项中concentrate on a single thing at a time和上文段首Do one thing at a time语义一致。故选F项。
【40题详解】下文“Thus you need to develop mindfulness. Mindfulness means fully attending to what’s happening in the present. (因此你需要培养正念。正念意味着完全关注当下正在发生的事情。)”建议要培养正念，关注当下，选项E“极简主义生活需要一个平静和不受干扰的头脑。”和下文之间存在因果关系，因为生活需要平静不受干扰，所以要培养正念，关注当下。故选E项。

江苏省海门中学2021-2022学年高三下学期期初考试英语试题
How to boost your immune system
On the whole, your immune system does a remarkable job of defending you against disease-causing microorganisms.____16____Is it possible to fight the disease off? What if you improve your diet? Take certain vitamins or herbal preparations? Or make other lifestyle changes?
Now, researchers are exploring several factors, hoping to help you strengthen your immune system.
Lifestyle
____17____Following general good-health guidelines is the single best step you can take toward naturally keeping your immune system working properly. Every part of your body, including your immune system, functions better when protected from environmental assaults and boosted by healthy-living strategies.
Diet
Like any fighting force, the immune system army marches on its stomach.____18____Scientists have long recognized that people who live in poverty and are malnourished are more vulnerable to infectious diseases.
Stress
Modern medicine has come to appreciate the closely linked relationship of mind and body. A wide variety of sicknesses, including stomach upset, and even heart disease, are linked to the effects of emotional stress.____19____
Exercise
Regular exercise is one of the pillars of healthy living.____20____But does it help to boost your immune system naturally and keep it healthy? Just like a healthy diet, exercise can contribute to general good health and therefore to a healthy immune system.
A. Your first line of defense is to choose a healthy lifestyle.
B. But sometimes it fails: A virus then invades and makes you sick.
C. Healthy immune system warriors need good, regular nourishment.
D. Scientists are actively studying the relationship between stress and immune function.
E. That doesn’t mean the effects of lifestyle on the immune system shouldn’t be studied.
F. It lowers blood pressure, helps control body weight, and protects against a variety of diseases.
G. Despite the difficulties in measuring the relationship of vitamins to immunity, scientists are making progress.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何增强你的免疫系统。
【16题详解】
空格前说“On the whole, your immune system does a remarkable job of defending you against disease-causing microorganisms.”（总的来说，你的免疫系统在保护你免受致病微生物侵害方面做得很好。），空格后说“What if you improve your diet? Take certain vitamins or herbal preparations? Or make other lifestyle changes?”（如果你改善你的饮食呢?服用某些维生素或草药?或者改变其他的生活方式？），B选项“但有时它会失败：一种病毒随后入侵并使你生病。”，位于空格处起到承上启下的作用，说明正是因为免疫系统有时会失败，所以才会有空格后一系列的措施来改善免疫系统，因此B选项符合语境，故选B。
【17题详解】由小标题“Lifestyle”（生活方式）可知，本段主要讲的是要有健康的生活方式，它有助于增强免疫力，A选项“你的第一道防线是选择一种健康的生活方式。”和小标题相呼应，引起下文，因此A选项符合语境，故选A。
【18题详解】本段小标题是“Diet”（饮食），因此本段主要讲饮食和免疫系统的关系，空格后说“Scientists have long recognized that people who live in poverty and are malnourished are more vulnerable to infectious diseases.”（科学家们早就认识到，生活贫困和营养不良的人更容易感染传染病。），因此免疫系统需要好的营养，C选项“健康的免疫系统战士需要良好的、有规律的营养。”和小标题相符合，在空格处承上启下，因此C选项符合语境，故选C。
【19题详解】本段小标题是“Stress”（压力），因此本段主要讲的是压力和免疫系统之间的关系，空格前说“A wide variety of sicknesses, including stomach upset, and even heart disease, are linked to the effects of emotional stress.”（很多疾病，包括肠胃不适，甚至心脏病，都与情绪紧张有关。），D选项“科学家们正在积极研究压力和免疫功能之间的关系。”和小标题相呼应，且承接上文，因此符合语境，故选D。
【20题详解】空格前说“Regular exercise is one of the pillars of healthy living.”（有规律的锻炼是健康生活的支柱之一。），F选项“它可以降低血压，帮助控制体重，预防各种疾病。”中的It指代前面的Regular exercise，且承接上文，说明了锻炼的好处，因此F选项符合语境，故选F。


福建省2021～2022学年高三下学期开学考试英语试题
Usually, you spend most of your time at home. ____16____ However, with all the smells a home experiences, such as those created by cooking, people and pets, keeping it smelling good is often a difficult task. A bad-smelling home is not only unpleasant to visit, but gives the impression that your home is also unclean, which isn’t always the case. Fortunately, you can keep your home smelling fresh and clean with a few techniques.
____17____ Additionally, pick up any objects from the floor, such as clothing or towels, and place them in the box. Wash your dishes daily, which will keep your home smelling fresh.
Dust the objects in your home once weekly. Rub a soft cloth over your television and top of furniture to remove the dusty layer. Use a polishing spray for extra shine.
Wash your bedclothes on a weekly basis. Sheets, blankets and pillow cases often hold germs, which cause a smell to occur. So wash them regularly. ____18____
Bathe your dog and its bedding regularly. A dog’s smell can transmit from the animal to your floors, furniture and bedclothes. Wash the dog to prevent smells, as well as dirt, mud and other materials from being transferred from your dog to your items in your home. ____19____ Brushing daily can also release smells and materials that can cause the dog to create a foul smell in your home.
Shampoo（用洗涤剂洗）your carpets. ____20____ So the dirty carpets can make your entire home smell not-so-fresh. Cleaning carpets can remove any trapped smells as well.
A. Most dogs like having a bath.
B. Wipe down your kitchen daily.
C. You find your home is always in a mess.
D. Smells often become trapped in the material.
E. Most dogs benefit from an once-a-week bath.
F. Obviously, it’s worthwhile to spend time on them.
G. It is certain that you want a home which smells fresh.
【答案】16. G17. B18. F19. E20. D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些使家里保持干净和气味清新的措施。
【16题详解】根据前一句“Usually, you spend most of your time at home.（通常，你的大部分时间都是在家里度过的）”可知，待在家里的时候肯定想要一个整洁的环境和闻起来清新的家。G项“你肯定想要有一个闻起来清新的家”符合语境。故选G。
【17题详解】根据空后“Additionally, pick up any objects from the floor, such as clothing or towels, and place them in the box. Wash your dishes daily, which will keep your home smelling fresh.（此外，从地板上捡起任何物品，如衣服或毛巾，并将其放入盒子中。每天洗碗，这会让你的家保持清新。）”可知，本段主要讲述怎么做才能保持家里清新整洁的具体措施，B项“每天打扫厨房”也是具体的举措之一，符合语境。故选B。
【18题详解】根据前文“Wash your bedclothes on a weekly basis.（每周洗一次床上用品。）”可知，每周洗一次床上用品也是保持家里整洁清新的必要措施，所以花费一些时间也是必要的。F项“显然，花时间在这些问题上是值得的。”符合语境。故选F。
【19题详解】根据前文“Bathe your dog and its bedding regularly.（定期给你的狗和它的被褥洗澡。）”可知，保持家里清新的必要措施是给狗和它的被褥洗澡，E项中的Most dogs呼应本文中的主题。“benefit from an once-a-week bath（从每周的洗澡中受益）”能够承接下文，讲述了给狗洗澡的好处。故选E。
【20题详解】根据“Shampoo（用洗涤剂洗）your carpets.（用洗涤剂清洗地毯）”可知，本段讲述为什么要清洗地毯，D项的 the material指的是carpets，以及空后“So the dirty carpets can make your entire home smell not-so-fresh. （所以脏地毯会让你的整个家闻起来不那么清新。）”可知，难闻的气味会藏在毛毯下，D项能够承上启下，符合语境。故选D。

湖南省衡阳市第八中学2022届高三下学期开学考试英语试题
Self-esteem is the ruling view you have of yourself. This includes your beliefs about your inner qualities and how you think others see you. ___36___ Someone can develop low self-esteem even when they are highly functional and greatly skilled. Understanding this mysterious emotional currency might be the key to unlocking your own self-worth.
People with healthy self-esteem don't need to boast about themselves to others. People with low self-esteem may tell you how much everyone loves them, what a great job they do at work, and how amazing they are at pretty everything under the sun even though they really wonder if it's true. People may see them as obnoxious or "full of themselves". ___37___ They are not shy about sharing ideas, including constructive criticisms of others. They also take care of themselves without second-guessing or apologizing. They are the people who we say seem "sure of themselves".
If you're starting to think you may have low self-esteem, you can work on the way you talk to yourself. When you turn off negative self-talk, you can open the floor to positive reinforcements and access the courage to show different sides of yourself. It isn't going to feel good at first, though. Keep going until it becomes less and less and maybe even a few awkward laughs in the mirror may help. ___38___
However, in serious cases of low or even non-existent self-esteem, you may want to call in a professional or a specialist. Good mental health is important, and professionals doing psychotherapy do not pass judgement or give corrections. ___39___ It is the best way to get at the roots of your real self-esteem problems.
___40___ It will take some work but your entire life—from your relationships to your body image to your work habits—will be touched with the kind of power that only comes from someone believing in themselves. This is the hardest part, and the greatest leap. With some changes and support, you can improve your self-esteem and see how everything else changes as a result.
A. Self-esteem is not always rooted in reality, though.
B. You have the power to shape a new self-perception
C. This encourages you to speak openly without worry.
D. The real test of character is whether they can learn from their mistakes
E. Self-esteem refers to a person's overall sense of his or her value or worth.
F. People with a healthy level of self-esteem present themselves with a casual confidence.
G. With some practice and persistence, you will win this internal struggle to see your self-worth.
【答案】36. A 37. F 38. G 39. C 40. B
【分析】文章是一篇说明文，讲述了自尊的定义，拥有健康自尊的人们的特征和低自尊人群对自身的危害，最后对于如何正确提升自尊给出了建议。
【36题详解】空格下文“ Someone can develop low self-esteem even when they are highly functional and greatly skilled.”（有些人即使很能干、很有技能，也可能会发展出低自尊。）这个例子与空格前没有呼应，选项A“Self-esteem is not always rooted in reality, though.”（然而，自尊并不总是根植于现实。）与这个例子存在论点和论据的关系，故选择A。
【37题详解】这段第一句“People with healthy self-esteem don't need to boast about themselves to others. ”（有健康自尊的人不需要向别人吹嘘自己。）可见，整一段都在讲健康自尊的人们。再者空格后“They are not shy about sharing ideas, including constructive criticisms of others. ”（他们不羞于分享想法，包括对他人的建设性批评。）可知，选项F的“People with a healthy level of self-esteem ”与整段的指代一致，故选择F。
【38题详解】根据空格前“When you turn off negative self-talk, you can open the floor.....Keep going until it becomes less and less and maybe even a few awkward laughs in the mirror may help.”(当你停止消极的自我对话时，你就能敞开心扉......继续，直到它变得越来越少，也许甚至是在镜子里的几个尴尬的笑可能会有帮助。)可知，讲述改变低自尊状态的方法，与选项G"With some practice and persistence, you will win this internal struggle to see your self-worth."(通过一些练习和坚持，你会赢得这场内在的斗争，看到你的自我价值。),中的练习和坚持这些方法相对应，故选G。
【39题详解】空格前“professionals doing psychotherapy do not pass judgement or give corrections. ”（做心理治疗的专业人员不会通过判断或给予纠正。）可知，这个现象与选项C中指代的this指代一致，专业人员不会判断或者纠正，所以这将鼓励你去放开说。故选择C.
【40题详解】
空格后“It will take some work but your entire life—from your relationships to your body image to your work habits”（这需要付出一些努力，但你的整个生活——从你的人际关系到你的身体形象，再到你的工作习惯），可知it 指代与选项B"You have the power to shape a new self-perception(你有能力塑造一种新的自我认知)相一致，可知新的自我认知需要一些努力，但会让你受益颇多。故选择B.

江苏省高邮市2021-2022学年高三下学期期初学情调研英语试卷
You’ve studied hard, you’ve got the grades and now you’re off to university! This is the journey that many students are taking, but how prepared are they to leave home, stand on their own two feet and be self-sufficient? _____36_____
Of course, flying the nest to go to university is the opportunity of a lifetime, but to make the most of it needs some preparation before you arrive. _____37_____ You’ll no longer be able to rely on Mum and Dad to feed you or clear up after you, so try to learn how to make some dishes that are quick and easy to prepare. Graduate Peter Rogers told the BBC: “I didn’t really have anything other than basic cookery skills before I went to university and found learning to cook was reasonably enjoyable.” Other things to do while at home is to practise some of those household chores, like operating the washing machine or ironing your clothes!
______38______ That’s because students will probably be living with others such as in a flat share or shared campus-based accommodation. This will also require taking responsibility for managing their finances because, apart from tuition fees, accommodation is likely to be the biggest cost for students living away from home. However, the Higher Education Policy Institute and Unite Students study found only about half of the would-be students surveyed identified rent as the biggest expense and concluded that this suggests more should be done to help in the transition between school and university.
______39______ They not just rely on old friends at home. Going to university requires meeting new people and making new friends. This often begins in Freshers’ Week although journalism student Emmeke Megannety warns that: “People starting university need to remember that the people you meet in your first week will not necessarily be your friends for life.”______40______
A. These domestic skills will be by no means useless.
B. This means learning life skills such as cooking and cleaning.
C. Besides being excited and nervous, many students are deeply ill-informed about what to expect.
D. New students should be self-centered.
E. But whatever your expectations, it’s good to be prepared for the time of your life.
F. You can fulfill your dreams on your own.
G. New students are going to have to be sociable as well.
【答案】36. C37. B38. A39. G40. E
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们作为即将上大学的学生要为人生最重要的时刻做好准备，比如烹饪、清洁、家政和交际技能等生活技能。
【36题详解】上文“You’ve studied hard, you’ve got the grades and now you’re off to university! This is the journey that many students are taking, but how prepared are they to leave home, stand on their own two feet and be self-sufficient? （你学习很努力，成绩很好，现在你要上大学了！这是许多学生正在经历的旅程，但他们如何准备离开家，自力更生，自给自足？）”可知前文讲的是进入大学是每个学生都要经历的旅程，所以这里讲刚进入大学的情况的描述，这些学生除了兴奋和紧张，许多学生对将要发生的事情一无所知，与上文一致。故选C项。
【37题详解】上文“Of course, flying the nest to go to university is the opportunity of a lifetime, but to make the most of it needs some preparation before you arrive. （当然，乘飞机去上大学是一生难得的机会，但要充分利用这一机会，你需要在到达之前做一些准备。）”及下文“You’ll no longer be able to rely on Mum and Dad to feed you or clear up after you, so try to learn how to make some dishes that are quick and easy to prepare. （你再也不能依靠爸爸妈妈喂你吃东西或收拾你的东西了，所以试着学习如何做一些简单快捷的菜。）”可知这里是表示你需要学习生活技能，例如煮饭和洗衣服。故选B项。
【38题详解】下文“ That’s because students will probably be living with others such as in a flat share or shared campus-based accommodation. This will also require taking responsibility for managing their finances because, apart from tuition fees, accommodation is likely to be the biggest cost for students living away from home.（这是因为学生们可能会和其他人住在一起，比如公寓或共享校园住宿。这还需要负责管理他们的财务，因为除了学费，住宿可能是离家学生的最大成本。）”可知空后because解释原因，所以这里表示这些家庭技能绝不是无用的，也就是这些技能在大学很有用， A项与下文一致。故选A项。
【39题详解】下文“ They not just rely on old friends at home. Going to university requires meeting new people and making new friends. （他们不仅仅依靠家里的老朋友。上大学需要结识新朋友。）”可知这里表示新生也必须善于交际，G项与下文一致。故选G项。
【40题详解】
上文“This often begins in Freshers’ Week although journalism student Emmeke Megannety warns that: “People starting university need to remember that the people you meet in your first week will not necessarily be your friends for life.”（这通常始于新生周，尽管新闻专业的学生埃梅克·梅甘尼蒂警告说：“上大学的人需要记住，你在第一周遇到的人不一定是你一生的朋友。”）”可知前面都在说会遇到新的人，所以根据常识，我们都会有期待。所以这里总结：但是不论你期待什么，为你人生中最重要的时刻做好准备是件好事，E与上文一致。是对上文的总结。故选E项。

河北省唐山市2021-2022学年高三下学期开学摸底考试英语试题
Many families avoid long-term travel while their kids are young or in school. Travelling with babies is cheaper - and there's no school to worry about-but they're unlikely to remember much about the trip. Older children will form longer-lasting memories but you'll need to keep up with their studies, which is the main concern for many parents. ____36____ But for me, traveling with older children doesn't necessarily mean you have to sacrifice the education.
In the past 7 months' travelling in Australia, I have witnessed the educational benefits to our daughter Chloe. The biggest blessing we have gained is her desire to learn. ____37____And we are constantly presented with new challenges that encourage her learning and lead to enquiry.
____38____It inspires children's sense of adventure, and shows them how to turn dreams into reality. Besides, it pushes them outside their comfort zone and broadens their understanding of life. Most importantly, it allows them to have quality time with the people they love most and form a life-long bond.
And remember, just because children are not in a classroom, it doesn't mean they can't have access to formal education. ____39____Distance education and school of the air are good choices, and they offer full support to help kids finish their learning curriculum.
Anyway, school shouldn't be a barrier to having one of the greatest experiences of life. There're so many families whose children have returned to class after a year of travel with so much more confidence, knowledge, intelligence, social skills and problem solving skills. Travel hasn't blocked their learning. ____40____It's time to break traditional ideas and teach kids while they travel.
A. Instead, it has greatly improved it!
B. She has loads of questions for us to answer.
C. Actually it encouraged them to travel further.
D. They can visit their former school teachers regularly.
E. There are several options for educating kids on the road.
F. In fact, the benefits of travelling are not just limited to that.
G. There never seems to be a right time to have that long-term travel.
【答案】36. G 37. B 38. F 39. E 40. A
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章作者通过自己女儿的例子说明在旅行期间孩子也可以受到教育。
【36题详解】根据上文“Travelling with babies is cheaper - and there's no school to worry about-but they're unlikely to remember much about the trip. Older children will form longer-lasting memories but you'll need to keep up with their studies, which is the main concern for many parents.（带着孩子旅行更便宜——而且不用担心上学——但他们不太可能记得这次旅行。年龄较大的孩子会形成更持久的记忆，但你需要跟上他们的学习，这是许多家长主要关心的问题。）”可知，选项承接上文说明，父母在旅行时间上遇到的问题。G项：There never seems to be a right time to have that long-term travel.（似乎从来都没有合适的时间进行这种长期旅行。）符合语境。故选G。
【37题详解】根据上文“The biggest blessing we have gained is her desire to learn. （我们得到的最大的祝福就是她对学习的渴望。）”可知，女儿因为渴望学习会问一大堆问题。B项：She has loads of questions for us to answer.（她有一大堆问题要我们回答。）符合语境。故选B。
【38题详解】空处为段落主题句。根据下文“It inspires children's sense of adventure, and shows them how to turn dreams into reality. Besides, it pushes them outside their comfort zone and broadens their understanding of life. Most importantly, it allows them to have quality time with the people they love most and form a life-long bond.（它激发孩子们的冒险意识，并告诉他们如何把梦想变成现实。此外，它把他们推出他们的舒适区，扩大了他们对生活的理解。最重要的是，这能让他们和最爱的人共度美好时光，建立终身的纽带。）”可知，本段主要讲述的是旅行的好处。F项：In fact, the benefits of travelling are not just limited to that.（事实上，旅行的好处不仅限于此。）符合语境。故选F。
【39题详解】根据下文“Distance education and school of the air are good choices, and they offer full support to help kids finish their learning curriculum.（远程教育和空中课堂是很好的选择，他们提供充分的支持，以帮助孩子完成他们的学习课程。）”可知，空处启示下文，说明可供选择的教育方式有很多。E项：There are several options for educating kids on the road.（在路上教育孩子有几种选择。）符合语境。故选E。
【40题详解】根据上文“Travel hasn't blocked their learning.（旅行并没有阻碍他们的学习。）”和下文“It's time to break traditional ideas and teach kids while they travel.（是时候打破传统观念，在孩子们旅行时教育他们。）”可知，空处和上文形成转折关系，说明旅行是有好处的。A项：Instead, it has greatly improved it!（相反，它大大改善了它！）符合语境。故选A。