热点题型01 完形填空-冲刺2022年高考英语热点题型考前押题（新高考专用）

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临阵磨枪系列 01 完形填空专题突破
1. （2022山东潍坊一中模拟预测）
One day, rain was falling. I saw an old, wet dog walking to my house. The leather collar around his neck was ___1___and faded. I could see the ribs (肋骨) sticking out of his sides and knew he hadn’t had a (n) ___2___ meal in many days. My heart ___3___! I ran into my kitchen, ___4___ an old bowl, filled it with some food and went outside.
The old dog ___5___ me with alarm. I could see he didn’t completely trust strangers. I called him ___6___, put the bowl down and ___7___ a few steps back. I kneeled down in the wet grass and ___8___. Finally, the old boy smelt food and moved slowly forward. His own smell came before him. He hadn’t had a ___9___ in a long time either. I wondered if he was ____10____ or just lost. He bent down his head and rapidly ate the contents of the bowl ____11____. Then for just a moment he gave me a(n) ____12____ little smile. I hurried inside, refilled the bowl, and went backout but he was already gone. I had wanted to ____13____ him and give him a home. Instead we just shared a meal and a moment of love. I sent up a little ____14____ that his future would be better.
Every moment of love you create is a ____15____. But caring doesn't necessarily go the way we want it to.
1．A．worn B．tight C．rare D．delicate
2．A．superb B．full C．simple D．ordinary
3．A．raced B．failed C．ached D．danced
4．A．fetched B．noticed C．prepared D．grabbed
5．A．eyed B．kicked C．nosed D．attacked
6．A．jokingly B．cheerfully C．anxiously D．gently
7．A．skipped B．took C．followed D．tripped
8．A．waited B．trembled C．hesitated D．shouted
9．A．meal B．walk C．bath D．break
10．A．affected B．adopted C．injured D．abandoned
11．A．skillfully B．attentively C．greedily D．leisurely
12．A．awkward B．curious C．familiar D．happy
13．A．rescue B．protect C．observe D．reward
14．A．belief B．prayer C．promise D．request
15．A．recreation B．treasure C．commitment D．comfort
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2. （2022重庆市高三一模试题）
When Kristen Stewart turned seventy-four last year, she started having problems with her eyes, feeling especially dry and __1__.
“I was simply __2__ a terrible experience,” Ms. Stewart said at her home in Toronto. “I felt so helpless and __3__ because the quality of my life was affected.”
Ms. Stewart talked to some friends who had similar __4__ and discovered that they were largely suffering __5__. “Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so insignificant,” she said. “But more and more are suffering and lives are being compromised.”
__6__, Ms. Stewart learned about plans for an __7__ research program at Tel Aviv University in Israel. The research team included Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, who has done __8__ work on eye care using stem cells. Seeing __9__ hope, Ms. Stewart began raising money for the project with a friend, Toronto businessman Meyer Zeifman. So far she has __10__ $110,000 with another $40,000 expected.
“I’m trying to get more and more people to understand that there are __11__,” said Ms. Stewart, an experienced nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after __12__. “I say there is no old age, there is only neglect. Don’t stand __13__, do something about it.”
Ms. Stewart __14__ that she was hoping to raise more money for the research project. “I just want to bring __15__ into people’s eyes and this is just the beginning. There is still a long way to go.”
1. A. uncomfortable B. raw C. pure D. gifted
2. A. going through B. going over C. holding back D. passing down
3. A. various B. insecure C. delighted D. thrilled
4. A. stories B. suggestions C. problems D. requirements
5. A. in peace B. in turn C. in vain D. in silence
6. A. Certainly B. Literally C. Primarily D. Eventually
7. A. eyes B. throat C. skin D. lungs
8. A. pioneering B. voluntary C. hard D. necessary
9. A. a bunch of B. a ray of C. a pile of D. a cup of
10. A. cancelled B. abandoned C. collected D. doubted
11. A. papers B. solutions C. benefits D. standards
12. A. election B. graduation C. retirement D. treatment
13. A. still B. straight C. alone D. firm
14. A. reminded B. learned C. witnessed D. added
15. A. flower B. light C. beauty D. dusk
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3. （2022江苏南京、盐城市高三三模试题）
Before our round-the-world trip we always thought that in Peru visiting Machu Picchu would be our most amazing experience.
Although Machu Picchu is simply indescribable, it __1__ out that a totally improvised (即兴的) adventure gave us a much stronger __2__. When we were staying at a Couchsurfer’s place in Cusco, we __3__ him whether it would be __4__ to visit a real Quechua village.
He said we could __5__, although we would have to find it out ourselves since these Quechua __6__live quite far in the Andes. __7__, there’s no public transport to get there. In the end, we got very lucky. While__8__ for transport, we found out that the local doctor and other social workers were going to __9__ some of these tribes and they let us join them.
We were __10__ happy because we had the chance to stay in a Quechua community. We __11__ about their traditions, saw the colorful clothes they wore every day and __12__ their daily routine for some time. We often had to use __13__ to communicate, since most of these people don’t speak Spanish, only Quechua. This is one of our most interesting travel __14__ and a real heart-warming experience that we will never __15__.
1. A. figured B. went C. turned D. pointed
2. A. impression B. understanding C. sense D. message
3. A. questioned B. informed C. interviewed D. asked
4. A. suitable B. possible C. right D. necessary
5. A. try B. stop C. fail D. wait
6. A. tourists B. communities C. ancestors D. regions
7. A. More importantly B. Sure enough C. Worse still D. Strange to say
8. A. applying B. longing C. changing D. looking
9. A. leave B. manage C. save D. visit
10. A. really B. mainly C. reasonably D. relatively
11. A. heard B. worried C. learned D. complained
12. A. made use of B. took part in C. paid attention to D. got used to
13. A. gestures B. words C. writings D. mails
14. A. plans B. brochures C. tips D. stories
15. A. remind B. remember C. forget D. get
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4. （2022福建莆田高中毕业班第二次模拟卷)
I was excited when my 12th-grade results were declared. I had earned a __1__ at a top college. It was the __2__ piece of good news my family had received in a long while. My father was in hospital and my mother was there __3__ him. I rushed over to give them the good news. Maybe my thrilled mood was __4__—a middle-aged lady in the elevator smiled like me.
On admission day, when I reached the college. I found my bag containing the __5__ lost. My heart __6__, as there was little hopes of ever getting the money back, with no __7__ in it.
I rode back to the __8__ to tell my parents, but once there, I couldn’t gather the courage. I stood in the hospital corridor, feeling __9__, when I felt someone touch my shoulder. It was the woman in the elevator.
“What is the problem?” she asked. The __10__ in her voice broke the dam. Tears streaming, I told her __11__. She listened and then said. “Don’t worry.” She handed me some money. “Take this,” she said. I hesitated, but she __12__, and placed the money in my hands. I stood there rooted to the spot, overwhelmed.
“Please give my your address, I will return it later.” I said, finally finding my __13__.
“No need. Take care of your father and stay __14__.” she said.
Since then, I returned to that wing many times, in __15__ of meeting her again, but in vain.
1．A．living B．degree C．place D．rank
2．A．first B．last C．right D．very
3．A．waiting for B．attending to C．relying on D．looking at
4．A．infectious B．impressive C．complicated D．encouraging
5．A．bill B．book C．fee D．note
6．A．beat B．broke C．sank D．pumped
7．A．identification B．notification C．qualification D．admission
8．A．college B．bank C．home D．hospital
9．A．confused B．helpless C．lonely D．disappointed
10．A．concern B．strength C．curiosity D．firmness
11．A．anything B．something C．nothing D．everything
12．A．inquired B．insisted C．refused D．reflected
13．A．voice B．courage C．support D．confidence
14．A．warm B．healthy C．calm D．strong
15．A．honor B．case C．hope D．favor
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5. （2022云南昆明市三模卷) 【20个空格】
On Feb. 23, student group Grassroots hosted its monthly clothing exchange. It is a __1__ activity on campus where students can __2__ clothes in exchange for new ones.
“One of the __3__ things about sustainability(可持续发展) is reuse,” Zein Tynon, Co-President and Clothing Exchange Chair, said in an interview with CT. “Instead of __4__ old clothes or buying new clothes, you can donate them and give them a new __5__. You might be done with that clothing item. __6__, someone else might not be.” According to Tynon, about 100-150 items are __7__ and 100-150 items are taken at the exchanges each month.
Tynon told CT that the clothing exchange has been __8__ by Grassroots for many years. In response to how the clothing exchange has an effect on the campus’ __9__ of sustainability, Tynon said there is a __10__ influence. “It does make a big __11__. Throughout the semester when students realize we have these exchanges, they bring clothes and __12__ a lot more. So it does create a __13__ where everyone can share their __14__.”
Grassroots begins __15__ their clothing exchange two weeks in advance via posters around campus.
Co-President of Grassroots Alan Rojas said the club not only __16__ sustainability on campus, but off campus as well. Another Grassroots __17__ is bringing speakers to campus to talk about sustainability and environmental protection.
“The clothing exchange is __18__ our most known activity in our club, and I think it’s nice because there’re a lot of __19__ who don’t know what to do with their clothes,” Rojas said. “I think it’s a really __20__ way to get students more involved with sustainability.”
1. A. free B. commercial C. meaningless D. competitive
2. A. sell B. make C. donate D. wash
3. A. strange B. key C. puzzling D. crazy
4. A. bringing back B. taking out C. putting on D. throwing away
5. A. style B. record C. purpose D. thought
6. A. Otherwise B. However C. Therefore D. Besides
7. A. brought B. borrowed C. purchased D. priced
8. A. allowed B. ordered C. monitored D. run
9. A. assessment B. awareness C. analysis D. method
10. A. negative B. temporary C. significant D. complex
11. A. difference B. decision C. mistake D. profit
12. A. earn B. speak C. waste D. participate
13. A. community B. department C. factory D. company
14. A. skills B. stories C. clothes D. notes
15. A. realizing B. advertising C. designing D. evaluating
16. A. look into B. rely on C. take over D. appeal for
17. A. requirement B. activity C. exhibition D. standard
18. A. undoubtedly B. generally C. occasionally D. initially
19. A. volunteers B. scholars C. students D. neighbors
20. A. similar B. common C. clumsy D. easy
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6. （2022湖南师大附中一模卷)
Breath of Life
As Norwood drove through St. Petersburg, Florida, the laughter from the four teenage girls inside her car 1 gave way to screams. They were hit by another car and 2 into a tree.
Then smoke 3 from the car. A bystander shouted, “It's about to 4 ! Get out!” Norwood immediately crawled out. Along with two of her friends, who'd also managed to 5 themselves, she ran for her 6 .
But halfway down the street, she realized that her best friend, Simmons, wasn't with them. Norwood ran back and found Simmons stuck in the back 7 . “She wasn't 8 ,” Norwood told Inside Edition. She 9 open the back door and pulled her friend out. She dragged Simmons a few feet to safety and laid her on the 10 . “I checked her pulse and put my 11 against her chest.” No sign of life. “That’s when I started CPR (心肺复苏术).”
12 on the lawn and looking down at her dying friend, Norwood started 13 Simmons's chest. She breathed into her friend's mouth in hopes of filling her lungs with the 14 of life. Fortunately, Simmons began coughing and breathing for air.
Soon, paramedics (医务人员) arrived and rushed Simmons to hospital. When she heard how Norwood had saved her life, “I wasn't 15 ,” Simmons said. “She always backs me up.”
1. A. increasingly B. suddenly C. frequently D. cautiously
2. A. crashed B. pulled C. settled D. fell
3. A. released B. rose C. cast D. slid
4. A. speed up B. run out C. wear out D. blow up
5. A. injure B. free C. care D. control
6. A. liberty B. rescue C. life D. target
7. A. seat B. window C. car D. handle
8. A. moving B. crying C. breathing D. praying
9. A. kicked B. pushed C. threw D. pressed
10. A. ground B. door C. bed D. tree
11. A. mouth B. head C. heart D. shoulder
12. A. Bending B. Lying C. Kneeling D. Standing
13. A. petting B. squeezing C. pumping D. clicking
14. A. thought B. method C. struggle D. kiss
15. A. touched B. delighted C. honored D. shocked
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7. （2022辽宁省普高等学校招生一模试题)
15 years ago, Erin Merryn met a ginger kitten who needed a home when she was a student in a small college town. He___21___ into her arms and refused to let her go.
“I was ___22___ immediately and decided that I would take a ___23___ and try hiding a kitten in my college dorm where animals are obviously not allowed,” Erin recalled.
A week later she was caught and given 48 hours to___24___ the cat. “I planned secretly for a month to ___25___ my parents to let me keep him. Mom finally ___26___. Dad never said yes but I won and got my ___27___” said Erin.
Six years ago, Erin had Abby, her beautiful daughter. She didn’t know ___28___ Bailey would think about the new addition.
But it was love at first sight, and as Abby grew, he became her ___29___ brother, watching over her every step of the way.
A video clip showing Abby reading to Bailey went viral on the Internet in 2018. Numerous people ____30____ Erin on social media platforms.
____31____, while Erin and her family spent every day with the cuddly cat, the world did not get to know Bailey for very long. On December 8, 2018, the 14-year-old cat passed away from kidney ____32____.
A full month after Bailey’s passing, Erin still got cards and gifts from caring individuals. Erin ____33____ her family has received more than 500 cards from around the world.
It is this love that Erin hopes Bailey’s ____34____ hold on to. She wants her furry “first-born” to be remembered as a symbol of ____35____ that inspires others to treat the world with love.
21. A. broke B. leapt C. fell D. caught
22. A. attacked B. addicted C. attached D. appreciated
23. A. risk B. look C. change D. decision
24. A. kill B. sell C. permit D. remove
25. A. force B. permit C. advise D. convince
26. A. gave up B. gave in C. gave out D. gave away
27. A. way B. hope C. word D. advice
28. A. how B. that C. what D. whether
29. A. protective B. destructive C. impressive D. sensitive
30. A. praised B. followed C. admired D. scolded
31. A. Surprisingly B. Amazingly C. Eventually D. Unfortunately
32. A. lack B. organ C. failure D. function
33. A. doubts B. expects C. assumes D. estimates
34. A. fans B. fellows C. friends D. owners
35. A. hardship B. sympathy C. compassion D. confidence
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8. （2022湖北省十一所名校高三第二次联考)
Lewis B. Smedes once said, “To forgive is to set a prisoner free and discover that the prisoner was you.” For years Tom Anderson’s life was withered up (枯萎) by the memory of his ___21___ in an adventure that ___22___ the death of one of his classmates. He and his wife ___23___ after six years of marriage. Then the news about Tom changed. His wife Betty came back; he ___24___ a fine position.
One day he told me what had changed his life, “I used to think nothing could ___25___ what I had done. The thought of my ___26___ would stop me in the middle of a smile. It put a ___27___ between my wife and me. Then I had an ___28___ visit from the person I dreaded (恐惧) most to see — the mother of the college classmate who died. ‘Unless you forgive, you cannot love.’ She said, ‘And without love, life has no ___29___.’ She paused, and then said ____30____, ‘You are the one person who hasn’t forgiven Tom Anderson.’ I found there in her eyes ____31____ to be the person I might have been if her boy had lived. For the first time in my life I felt ____32____ to love and be loved.”
Forgiveness is truly the ____33____ grace (慈悲), through which we gain the freedom to learn from experience. But forgiving our shortcomings doesn’t mean ____34____ that they exist. On the contrary, it means facing them ____35____.
21. A. reputation B. possession C. part D. identity
22. A. accounted for B. figured out C. participated in D. depended on
23. A. registered B. separated C. withdrew D. transformed
24. A. presented B. promoted C. earned D. guaranteed
25. A. reveal B. confirm C. enhance D. undo
26. A. drawback B. guilt C. survival D. accusation
27. A. wall B. reminder C. reserve D. label
28 A. impossible B. unexpected C. undoubted D. unbearable
29. A. concept B. standard C. principle D. meaning
30. A. deliberately B. humbly C. sincerely D. morally
31. A. occupation B. passion C. permission D. attempt
32. A. worthy B. significant C. valuable D. innocent
33. A. forgetting B. saving C. challenging D. demanding
34. A. denying B. assuming C. clarifying D. opposing
35. A. emotionally B. diligently C. temporarily D. realistically
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【参考答案+详细讲解】
1. （2022山东潍坊一中模拟预测）
1．A；2．B；3．C；4．D；5．A；6．D；7．B；8．A；9．C；10．D；
11．C；12．D；13．A；14．B；15．B；
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文作者叙述了自己曾经喂过一只可怜的流浪狗的故事。
【详细解读】
1．A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他脖子上的皮颈圈磨损褪色了。A.worn磨损，穿坏的；B.tight牢固的；C.rare稀有的；D.delicate精致的。根据下文“…and faded.I could see the ribs (肋骨) sticking out of his sides…”可知，这只狗脖子上的皮颈圈褪色，肋骨从两侧伸出来，推知这是一只没有主人照顾的流浪狗，脖子上的皮颈圈已经磨损穿坏了（worn）。故选A项。
2．B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我能看到他的肋骨从两侧伸出来，我知道他已经好几天没吃过饱饭了。A.super超级的；B.full饱的；C.simple易于理解的；D.ordinary普通的。根据上文“I could see the ribs (肋骨) sticking out of his sides”可知，这只狗已经瘦骨嶙峋了，推知它已经很久没有吃饱（full）饭了。故选B项。
3．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我心痛！A.raced比赛；B.failed失败；C.ached痛；D.danced跳舞。根据上文“I could see the ribs (肋骨) sticking out of his sides…”可知，这只狗已经瘦骨嶙峋了，非常可怜，作者对此很心痛（ached）。故选C项。
4．D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跑进厨房，抓起一只旧碗，装满了一些食物，然后走了出去。A.fetched取来；B.noticed注意到；C.prepared准备；D.grabbed抓住，抓起。根据下文“filled it with some food and went outside”可知，作者应该是先抓起（grabbed）旧碗，再装上食物给它吃。故选D项。
5．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那只老狗惊恐地看着我。A.eyed看着；B.kicked踢；C.nosed鼻子；D.attacked攻击。根据下文“I could see he didn't completely trust strangers.”可知，这只狗并不完全信任陌生人，不敢靠近作者给他的食物，因此，惊恐的看着（eyed）作者。故选A项。
6．D 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我轻轻地叫了他一声，放下碗，后退了几步。A.jokingly开玩笑地；B.cheerfully愉快地；C.anxiously焦急地；D.gently轻轻地。根据上文“I could see he didn't completely trust strangers.”可知，这只狗并不完全信任陌生人，不敢靠近作者给他的食物，因此，作者怕惊吓了狗，所以轻轻地（gently）叫它。故选D项。
7．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我轻轻地叫了他一声，放下碗，后退了几步。A.skipped跳过；B.took拿；C.followed跟着；D.tripped绊倒。根据上文“I could see he didn’t completely trust strangers.”可知，这只狗并不完全信任陌生人，作者就后退了几步，短语take a few steps back意为“后退了几步”，此空应该用一般过去时形式took。故选B项。
8．A考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跪在湿漉漉的草地上等待。A.waited等待；B.trembled颤抖；C.hesitated犹豫不决的；D.shouted喊。根据上文“The old dog 　5　 me with alarm. I could see he didn’t completely trust strangers. I called him 　6　, put the bowl down and 　7　 a few steps back.”可知，这只狗并不完全信任陌生人，作者轻轻地叫了他，放下碗，后退了几步，等待（waited）这只狗放下戒备过来吃食物。故选A项。
9．C考查名词词义辨析。句意：他也很久没洗澡了。A.meal一餐；B.walk步行；C.bath洗澡；D.break休息。根据上文“His own smell came before him.”可知，狗身上的气味很大，推知已经很久没有洗澡（bath）了。故选C项。
10．D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想知道他是被遗弃了还是迷路了。A.affected假装的；B.adopted收养的；C.injured受伤的；D.abandoned被遗弃的。根据上文“The leather collar around his neck was 　1　and faded. I could see the ribs (肋骨) sticking out of his sides and knew he hadn't had a (n) 　2　 meal in many days.”可知，这只狗脖子上的皮颈圈已经磨损褪色了，狗的肋骨从两侧伸出来，已经好几天没吃过饱饭了，推知狗已经很久没有人照顾，可能是被遗弃（abandoned）了或者迷路了。故选D项。
11．C 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他低下头，贪婪地地吃着碗里的东西。A.skillfully巧妙地；B.attentively专心地；C.greedily贪婪地；D.leisurely悠闲地。根据上文“I could see the ribs (肋骨) sticking out of his sides and knew he hadn’t had a (n) 　2　 meal in many days.”可知，狗的肋骨从两侧伸出来，已经好几天没吃过饱饭了，因此，放下戒备后，狗贪婪地（greedily）吃作者给的食物。故选C项。
12．D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后他给了我一个小小的愉快的微笑。A.awkward令人尴尬的；B.curious好奇的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.happy愉快的。根据上文尤其是“I ran into my kitchen, 　4　 an old bowl, filled it with some food and went outside.”可知，作者很可怜这只狗，拿了食物给它吃，狗吃完以后很感激，所以给了作者一个愉快的（happy）微笑。故选D项。
13．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我本想救他，给他一个家。A.rescue营救；B.protect保护；C.observe看到；D.reward奖励。根据上文“I wondered if he was 　10　 or just lost.”可知，这只狗被遗弃了或者迷路了，没有人照顾，作者想救下（rescue）它并收养它。故选A项。
14．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我祈祷他的未来会更好。A.belief相信；B.prayer祈祷；C.promise许诺；D.request要求。结合语境及该空后 “…that his future would be better”可知，作者给了他一个祈祷（prayer），祈祷他未来会更好。故选B项。
15．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你创造的爱的每一刻都是一笔财富。A.recreation娱乐；B.treasure财富；C.commitment承诺；D.comfort安慰。根据语境可知，此处指的是作者对这只流浪狗的帮助，所付出的爱心是一笔财富（treasure）。故选B项。
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2. （2022重庆市高三一模试题）
1. A；2. A；3. B；4. C；5. D；6. D；7. A；8. A；9. B；10. C；
11. B；12. C；13. A；14. D；15. B；
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了当Kristen Stewart去年74岁的时候，她的眼睛开始出现问题，感觉特别干燥和不舒服。最终，Stewart了解到以色列特拉维夫大学一个眼睛研究项目的计划，并为该组织积极筹款。
【详细解读】
1. A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当Kristen Stewart去年74岁的时候，她的眼睛开始出现问题，感觉特别干燥和不舒服。A. uncomfortable不舒服的；B. raw生的；C. pure纯的；D. gifted有天赋的。根据“she started having problems with her eyes”可知她的眼睛开始出现问题，感觉特别干燥和不舒服。故选A。
2. A 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“我只是在经历一段可怕的经历，” Stewart在多伦多的家中说，“我感到非常无助和不安，因为我的生活质量受到了影响。” A. going through经历；B. going over复习；C. holding back 抑制；D. passing down传下来。根据“a terrible experience”可知这里指经历一段可怕的经历。故选A。
3. B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我只是在经历一段可怕的经历，” Stewart在多伦多的家中说，“我感到非常无助和不安，因为我的生活质量受到了影响。” A. various各种各样的；B. insecure不安全的；C. delighted 高兴的；D. thrilled非常兴奋。根据“ because the quality of my life was affected”可知我感到非常无助和不安。故选B。
4. C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Stewart与一些有类似问题的朋友交谈，发现他们基本上都在默默忍受。A. stories故事；B. suggestions建议；C. problems 问题；D. requirements要求。根据“Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so insignificant,” she said. “But more and more are suffering and lives are being compromised.”可知Stewart与一些有类似问题的朋友交谈。故选C。
5. D 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：Stewart与一些有类似问题的朋友交谈，发现他们基本上都在默默忍受。A. in peace和平地；B. in turn轮流；C. in vain徒然； D. in silence沉默地。根据““Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so insignificant,” she said.”可知他们基本上都在默默忍受。故选D。
6. D 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，Stewart了解到以色列特拉维夫大学一个眼睛研究项目的计划。A. Certainly当然；B. Literally逐字地；C. Primarily主要地；D. Eventually最终。根据“Ms. Stewart learned about plans for an 7　　　research program at Tel Aviv University in Israel.”可知最终，Stewart了解到以色列特拉维夫大学一个眼睛研究项目的计划。故选D。
7. A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，Stewart了解到以色列特拉维夫大学一个眼睛研究项目的计划。A. eyes眼睛；B. throat喉咙；C. skin皮肤；D. lungs肺。根据“The research team included Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, who has done 8　　　work on eye care using stem cells.”可知Stewart了解到以色列特拉维夫大学一个眼睛研究项目的计划。故选A。
8. A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该研究小组包括加拿大医生Allan Slomovic，他在使用干细胞进行眼部护理方面做了开创性的工作。A. pioneering首创的； B. voluntary自愿的；C. hard努力的；D. necessary必要的。根据“work on eye care using stem cells”可知该研究小组包括加拿大医生Allan Slomovic，他在使用干细胞进行眼部护理方面做了开创性的工作。故选A。
9. B 考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：看到一线希望后，Stewart开始和朋友、多伦多商人Meyer Zeifman一起为这个项目筹集资金。A. a bunch of一束；B. a ray of一线；C. a pile of一堆；D. a cup of 一杯。根据“hope”可知这里表示一线希望。故选B。
10. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，她已经筹集了11万美元，预计还将筹集4万美元。A. cancelled 取消；B. abandoned放弃；C. collected收集；D. doubted怀疑。根据“$110,000”可知这里表示她已经筹集了11万美元。故选C。
11. B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我试图让越来越多的人明白，解决方案是存在的，” Stewart说，她是一名经验丰富的护士，退休后仍在做私人教练， “我认为没有老年，只有忽视。 不要站着不动，做点什么吧。” A. papers文件；B. solutions解决方案；C. benefits好处； D. standards标准。根据“I say there is no old age, there is only neglect. Don’t stand 13　　　, do something about it.”可知解决方案是存在的。故选B。
12. C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我试图让越来越多的人明白，解决方案是存在的，” Stewart说，她是一名经验丰富的护士，退休后仍在做私人教练， “我认为没有老年，只有忽视。 不要站着不动，做点什么吧。” A. election选举；B. graduation毕业；C. retirement 退休； D. treatment对待。根据“an experienced nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after ”可知这里意思是她是一名经验丰富的护士，退休后仍在做私人教练。故选C。
13. A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我试图让越来越多的人明白，解决方案是存在的，” Stewart说，她是一名经验丰富的护士，退休后仍在做私人教练， “我认为没有老年，只有忽视。 不要站着不动，做点什么吧。” A. still静止的；B. straight 直的；C. alone独自的；D. firm坚定的。根据“do something about it.”可知这里意思是不要站着不动，做点什么吧。故选A。
14. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Stewart还说，她希望为这个研究项目筹集更多资金，“我只是想让人们看到光明，这只是开始。还有很长的路要走。” A. reminded提醒；B. learned学习；C. witnessed见证；D. added增加。根据“that she was hoping to raise more money for the research project. ”可知这是Stewart在补充说明。故选D。
15. B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Stewart还说，她希望为这个研究项目筹集更多资金，“我只是想让人们看到光明，这只是开始。还有很长的路要走。” A. flower花；B. light 光； C. beauty美丽；D. dusk黄昏。根据“into people’s eyes ”可知这里意思是想让人们看到光明。故选B。
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3. （2022江苏南京、盐城市高三三模试题）
1. C；2. A；3. D；4. B；5. A；6. B；7. C；8. D；9. D；10. A；
11. C；12. B；13. A；14. D；15. C；
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者在秘鲁旅游时的意外收获，参观了人迹罕至的克丘亚部落。
【详细解读】
1. C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然马丘比丘之行简直无法加以形容，但最终，一次完全即兴的冒险给我们留下了更深刻的印象。A. figured (out)解决；算出；B. went (out)出去，熄灭；C. turned (out)结果是，最终是；D. pointed (out)指出。根据句意和句中“a totally improvised (即兴的) adventure”可知，这次冒险之旅是作者意料之外的事情，turn out意为“结果是，最终是”，常表示意料之外的结果。故选C项。
2. A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然马丘比丘之行简直无法加以形容，但最终，一次完全即兴的冒险给我们留下了更深刻的印象。A. impression印象；B. understanding理解；C. sense感觉；D. message消息。根据下文故事，尤其文章是最后一句“This is one of our most interesting travel 14____ and a real heartwarming experience that we will never 15____．”可知，参观克丘亚部落给作者留下了难忘的印象。故选A项。
3. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们住在库斯科Couchsurfer家时，我们问他是否有可能参观一个真正的克丘亚村庄。A. questioned盘问；B. informed通知，告知；C. interviewed面试，采访；D. asked询问。根据下文“whether it would be 4____ to visit a real Quechua village”可知，作者在提问。故选D项。
4. B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们住在库斯科的Couchsurfer家时，我们问他是否有可能参观一个真正的克丘亚村庄。A. suitable合适的；B. possible可能的；C. right正确的；D. necessary必要的。根据下文沙发客回答的内容“would have to find it out ourselves since these Quechua 6____live quite far in the Andes.”可推知，作者问是否有可能参观一个真正的克丘亚村庄。故选B项。
5. A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说我们可以试试，不过我们得自己去找，因为这些克丘亚人住在安第斯山脉很远的地方。A. try试图；B. stop停止；C. fail失败；D. wait等候。根据下文“we would have to find it out ourselves since these Quechua 6____ live quite far in the Andes.”可知，到底行不行，我们得试一试。故选A项。
6. B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说我们可以试试，不过我们得自己去找，因为这些克丘亚人住在安第斯山脉很远的地方。A. tourists旅行者；B. communities社区；C. ancestors祖先；D. regions地区。根据上文“to visit a real Quechua village”可知，作者想参观一个真正的克丘亚村落，此处还指那个地方，community与village在此同义，且下文的“We were 10____happy because we had the chance to stay in a Quechua community.”中出现原词复现。故选B项。
7. C 考查短语词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，那里没有公共交通工具。A. More importantly更重要的是；B. Sure enough果然，果真；C. Worse still更糟糕的是；D. Strange to say说来奇怪。上文提到克丘亚人住在安第斯山脉很远的地方，句中“there’s no public transport to get there”提出另一个困难，所以，空格处表示递进关系，用“更糟糕的是”。故选C项。
8. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在寻找交通工具的时候，我们发现当地的医生和其他社会工作者要去拜访一些部落，他们让我们加入他们。A. applying申请；B. longing渴望；C. changing改变；D. looking寻找。上文提到没有公共交通工具去克丘亚村落，所以作者需要寻找交通工具。故选D项。
9. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在寻找交通工具的时候，我们发现当地的医生和其他社会工作者要去拜访一些部落，他们让我们加入他们。A. leave离开；B. manage管理；C. save救助；D. visit拜访，视察。结合常识可知，医生和社会工作者要走访这些村落，不是离开(leave)，管理(manage)或拯救(save)这些部落。故选D项。
10. A 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们真的很高兴，因为我们有机会呆在一个克丘亚部落。A. really真正地；B. mainly主要地；C. reasonably理性地；D. relatively相对地。结合上文可知，本来报着试试的心态，但居然成功了，作者的克丘亚部落之旅得以成行，作者感到真正的高兴。故选A项。
11. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们了解了他们的传统，看到了他们每天穿的五颜六色的衣服，并参与了一段时间的日常生活。A. heard听到；B. worried担心；C. learned了解；D. complained抱怨。根据上文可知，作者得到了呆在一个克丘亚部落的机会，所以有机会了解他们的传统。故选C项。
12. B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们了解了他们的传统，看到了他们每天穿的五颜六色的衣服，并参与了一段时间的日常生活。A. made use of使用，利用；B. took part in参加，参与；C. paid attention to注意，重视；D. got used to习惯于。根据句中“their daily routine”和“We often had to use 13____ to communicate”可知，作者是参与到了克丘亚部落日常生活之中。故选B项。
13. A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些人大部分不会说西班牙语，只会说克丘亚语，因此经常需要用手势进行交流。A. gestures手势，姿态；B. words字，词；C. writings作品；D. mails邮件。根据“since most of these people don’t speak Spanish, only Quechua”可知，他们语言不同，所以需要用手势帮助交流。故选A项。
14. D考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我们最有趣的旅行故事之一，也是我们永远不会忘记的感人经历。A. plans计划；B. brochures小册子；C. tips建议；D. stories故事。本文讲述了作者克丘亚部落之行，是作者讲给读者的一个旅游故事。故选D项。
15. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我们最有趣的旅行故事之一，也是我们永远不会忘记的感人经历。A. remind提醒；B. remember记得；C. forget忘记；D. get获得。根据上文可知，克丘亚部落之行给作者留下了深刻印象，所以他们永远不会忘记。故选C项。
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4. （2022福建莆田高中毕业班第二次模拟卷)
1．C；2．A；3．B；4．A；5．C；6．C；7．A；8．D；9．B；10．A；
11．D；12．B；13．D；14．D；15．C；
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者的父亲生病住院，母亲照顾他，作者考上了顶尖的大学，非常激动。但是却在入学那天弄丢了钱包，作者不敢告诉父母，非常无助，这时一位善良的女士帮助了作者，把自己的钱给了作者，还不要求作者归还。
【详细解读】
1．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我进了一所顶尖大学。A. living生活方式；B. degree程度；C. place地方；D. rank等级。根据后文“On admission day, when I reached the college.”可知作者进入了顶尖大学，即赢得了一席之地，应用place。故选C。
2．A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我们家很久以来收到的第一个好消息。A. first第一；B. last最后的；C. right正确的；D. very非常。根据后文描述作者父亲住院，母亲在照顾他，根据上文“ I had earned a 1____ at a top college. ”可知这是家里很久以来收到的第一个好消息。故选A。
3．B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我父亲住院了，我母亲在那里照顾他。A. waiting for等待；B. attending to照料；C. relying on依赖；D. looking at看着。根据上文“My father was in hospital and my mother was there”可知指母亲照顾住院的父亲，故选B。
4．A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也许我激动的心情具有感染力——电梯里的一位中年女士也像我一样笑了。A. infectious感染的；B. impressive给人印象深刻的；C. complicated复杂的；D. encouraging鼓舞人心的。根据后文“a middle-aged lady in the elevator smiled like me”可知，一位女士也笑了，说明激动的心情具有感染力。故选A。
5．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现装着学费的包丢了。A. bill账单；B. book书；C. fee费用；D. note笔记。根据后文“getting the money back”可知包里装着学费。故选C。
6．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心沉了下去，因为里面没有身份证，拿回钱的希望很小。A. beat打败；B. broke打破；C. sank沉陷；D. pumped用泵送。根据后文“as there was little hopes of ever getting the money back”可知，拿回钱的希望很小，所以作者的心一沉。故选C。
7．A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的心沉了下去，因为里面没有身份证，拿回钱的希望很小。A. identification身份证，识别；B. notification通知；C. qualification资格；D. admission承认。根据上文“as there was little hopes of ever getting the money back”可知，拿回钱的希望小是因为里面没有身份证，无法归还。故选A。
8．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我骑车回到医院告诉我的父母，但一到了那里，我就没有勇气了。A. college大学；B. bank银行；C. home家；D. hospital医院。根据上文文“My father was in hospital and my mother was there 3____ him. ”可知作者的父母都在医院里，故选D。
9．B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我站在医院的走廊里，感到很无助，这时我感到有人摸了摸我的肩膀。A. confused困惑的；B. helpless无助的；C. lonely孤独的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文“I couldn’t gather the courage.”可知作者因为丢了钱，感到无助，也没有勇气告诉父母。故选B。
10．A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她声音中的关切让我内心决堤了。A. concern关心；B. strength力量；C. curiosity好奇心；D. firmness坚定。根据上文“What is the problem?”可知女士在关心作者。故选A。
11．D 考查不定代词辨析。句意：我流着泪把一切都告诉她了。A. anything任何事；B. something某事；C. nothing没有什么；D. everything一切。根据后文“She listened and then said. “Don’t worry.””可知女士听后安慰作者，可见作者把发生的一切都告诉了她。故选D。
12．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我犹豫了一下，但她坚持要给我钱。A. inquired调查；B. insisted坚持；C. refused拒绝；D. reflected反思。根据后文“and placed the money in my hands”可知女士坚持要把钱给作者。故选B。
13．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“请给我你的地址，我稍后会还给你。” 我说，终于找回了自信。A. voice嗓音；B. courage勇气；C. support支持；D. confidence自信。呼应上文“I couldn’t gather the courage.”指作者现在有了钱，找回了自信。故选D。
14．D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“不需要。照顾好你父亲，坚强点。”她说。A. warm温暖的；B. healthy健康的；C. calm冷静的；D. strong强壮的，坚强的。根据上文“Take care of your father and stay”可知女士叮嘱作者照顾好父亲，并且要坚强起来。故选D。
15．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，我多次回到那，希望能再见到她，但都没有看见。A. honor荣誉；B. case情况；C. hope希望；D. favor支持。根据上文“I returned to that wing many times”可知作者再次回去是希望能再见到这位女士，in hope of“希望……”。故选C。
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5. （2022云南昆明市三模卷) 【20个空格】
1. A；2. C；3. B；4. D；5. C；6. B；7. A；8. D；9. B；10. C；
11. A；12. D；13. A；14. C；15. B；16. D；17. B；18. A；19. C；20. D；
【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了由学生团体Grassroots组织举办的校园服装交换活动，使学生参与到校园内的可持续发展。
【详细解读】
1. A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一项免费的校园活动，学生可以捐赠衣服换新衣服。A. free免费的；B. commercial商业的；C. meaningless无意义的；D. competitive竞争的。由下文“sustainability is reuse”可知，学生带来旧衣服交换，文章未提到费用，所以此处指“免费的校园活动”。故选A项。
2. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一项免费的校园活动，学生可以捐赠衣服换新衣服。A. sell卖；B. make制作；C. donate捐赠；D. wash洗。根据下文“you can donate them and give them a new 5____ ”可知，此处指捐赠旧衣服来交换新衣服。故选C项。
3. B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“可持续发展的关键之一就是重复使用”，服装交换主席兼联合总裁Zein Tynon在接受CT采访时说。A. strange陌生的，奇怪的；B. key关键的；C. puzzling令人迷惑的；D. crazy疯狂的。结合这项活动的内容及语境可知，可持续发展的关键之一就是重复使用。故选B项。
4. D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：不是扔掉旧衣服或买新衣服，你可以捐赠它们，给它们一个新用途。A. bringing back带回，使想起；B. taking out取出；C. putting on穿上；D. throwing away扔掉。根据下文“you can donate them”可知，旧衣服可以捐赠出去，而不是扔掉。故选D项。
5. C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不是扔掉旧衣服或买新衣服，你可以捐赠它们，给它们一个新用途。A. style风格；B. record记录；C. purpose用途，目的；D. thought思想。根据上文的“reuse”可知，把旧衣服捐出去再使用，给它们一个新用途。故选C项。
6. B 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，其他人可能不会。A. Otherwise否则；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Besides此外。上文“You might be done with that clothing item.”提到“你可能不会再穿那件衣服了”，与空后是转折关系。故选B项。
7. A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：据泰农说，每个月在交换活动中大约有100-150件商品被带来，然后被拿走。A. brought带来；B. borrowed借；C. purchased购买；D. priced给……定价。此处和下文“taken”形成对比，指有100-150件商品被带到交换活动中。故选A项。
8. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Tynon告诉CT，服装交换活动已经由Grassroots组织运营多年。A. allowed允许；B. ordered命令，订购；C. monitored监视；D. run经营，管理。根据文章首句“student group Grassroots hosted its monthly clothing exchange(学生团体Grassroots举办了每月一次的服装交换活动)”可知，服装交换活动是由Grassroots组织运营。故选D项。
9. B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在回应服装交换如何影响校园的可持续发展意识时，Tynon表示，有很显著的影响。A. assessment评估；B. awareness意识；C. analysis分析；D. method方法。结合下文“Throughout the semester when students realize we have these exchanges, they bring clothes and 12____ a lot more.”可知，学生意识到有交换活动时会带来衣服参加，所以此处指这项活动对学生可持续发展的意识有影响。故选B项。
10. C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在回应服装交换如何影响校园的可持续发展意识时，Tynon表示，有很显著的影响。A. negative负面的；B. temporary临时的；C. significant显著的；D. complex复杂的。根据下文“It does make a big 11____.”可知，服装交换活动产生了显著的影响。故选C项。
11. A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它确实有很大的作用。A. difference不同，差异；B. decision决定；C. mistake错误；D. profit利润。根据下文“Throughout the semester when students realize we have these exchanges, they bring clothes and 12____ a lot more.”可知，此处指交换活动有很大的作用。make a difference有作用，有关系。故选A项。
12. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：整个学期，当学生们意识到我们有这些交换时，他们会带着衣服，参与更多的活动。A. earn挣；B. speak说，发言；C. waste浪费；D. participate参加。根据“they bring clothes”可知，学生带着衣服来参加交换活动。故选D项。
13. A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以它确实创建了一个社区，每个人都可以分享他们的衣服。A. community社区，团体；B. department部门；C. factory工厂；D. company公司。结合语境可知，此处指这个活动创建了一个可以分享衣服的社区。故选A项。
14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以它确实创建了一个社区，每个人都可以分享他们的衣服。A. skills技巧；B. stories故事；C. clothes衣服；D. notes笔记。根据文章内容可知，学生们参加的是服装交换活动。故选C项。
15. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Grassroots会提前两周通过校园海报宣传他们的服装交换活动。A. realizing意识到；B. advertising为……做广告，宣传；C. designing设计；D. evaluating评价。根据“via posters”可知，是通过海报进行宣传。故选B项。
16. D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Grassroots俱乐部的联合主席Alan Rojas说，俱乐部不仅呼吁校园内的可持续发展，而且在校外也一样。A. look into调查；B. rely on依靠；C. take over接管；D. appeal for呼吁，请求。根据上文“sustainability is reuse”可知，服装交换活动是为了旧衣服再利用，提倡可持续发展，所以此处指“在校园内呼吁可持续发展”。故选D项。
17. B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Grassroots的另一项活动是邀请演讲者到校园谈论可持续发展和环境保护。A. requirement要求；B. activity活动；C. exhibition展览；D. standard标准。根据“bringing speakers to campus to talk about sustainability and environmental protection”可知，邀请演讲者到校园谈论可持续发展和环境保护是一项活动。故选B项。
18. A 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“毫无疑问，服装交换是我们俱乐部最著名的活动，我认为这很好，因为有很多学生不知道该如何处理他们的衣服，”Rojas说。A. undoubtedly毫无疑问地；B. generally大体上；C. occasionally偶尔；D. initially最初。上文详细介绍了服装交换活动，结合语境可知，此处指服装交换活动无疑是俱乐部最著名的。故选A项。
19. C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“毫无疑问，服装交换是我们俱乐部最著名的活动，我认为这很好，因为有很多学生不知道该如何处理他们的衣服，” Rojas说。A. volunteers志愿者；B. scholars学者；C. students学生；D. neighbors邻居。由上文内容“where students can ____2____ clothes in exchange for new ones”可知，参加服装交换活动的是学生。故选C项。
20. D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为这是让学生更多地参与可持续发展的一种很容易的方式。A. similar类似的；B. common常见的，普遍的；C. clumsy笨拙的；D. easy容易的。结合语境可知，很多学生不知道如何处理旧衣服，参加这项活动就能解决，所以参加这项这是让学生更多地参与可持续发展的一种很容易的方式。故选D项。
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6. （2022湖南师大附中一模卷)
1. B；2. A；3. B；4. D；5. B；6. C；7. A；8. A；9. C；10. A；
11. B；12. C；13. C；14. DC；15. D；
【解析】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要记述了作者乘车出游的途中，车子出了事故，两车相撞，车上有人在危急时刻，出手救人的感人故事。
【详细解读】
1. B。本来开心的旅途却突然出现事故，大家的欢笑突然变成了惊叫。车祸是突然发生的。
2. A。两车相撞。crash into“撞到……上”；pull into“驶入……后停下”；settle into“安顿下来，习惯于……”；fall into“可以分为……”。这里意为“车撞到了树上”。
3. B。然后车开始冒烟。一个路人大喊：“车要爆炸了，快出来！”release vt.“释放”；rise vi. “升起来”；cast“投射（光、影子等）；扔掷；抛”；slide vt.“（使）滑行，滑动”；vi. “快捷而悄声地移动”。
4. D。speed up“加速”；run out“用完”；wear out“磨损，耗尽”；blow up“爆炸”。从上下文可知，应为车冒烟了，要爆炸了。
5. B。free...from.. “使……解放；使……摆脱”。
6. C。run for life“逃命”。
7. A。从上下文可知，好友失去了知觉，还卡在车的后排座位上。
8. A。从下文做心肺复苏和没有生命迹象可知，好友“不动了”。从车外是感受不到车内的人是否有呼吸的，故C错。
9. C。throw open sth.“（突然）打开某物”。主人公在车外，好友在车里，营救时由外向里“推车门”或者“踹车门”“压车门”均不符合常识。
10. A。把好友从车里救出来以后，将其拖到安全位置，放在地上。
11. B。把头放在她的胸前，听有没有心跳声。
12. C。Norwood跪在地上，开始做心肺复苏。
13. C。pump: move sth. quickly up and down or in and out“上下（或内外）快速摇动；急速摇晃”。文中指的是：反复按压伤者前胸。
14. D。前文提到了“She breathed into her friend’s mouth”，可知，进行心肺复苏同时做人工呼吸。
15. D。根据下文“她一直支持我。”可知，Norwood不是第一次帮助Simmons，因此“我对她救我一命这件事并不感到惊讶／诧异。”其他的情感不合适。
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7. （2022辽宁省普高等学校招生一模试题)
1. B；2. C；3. A；4. D；5. D；6. B；7. A；8. C；9. A；10. B；
11. D；12. C；13. D；14. A；15. C；
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在大学时遇到了一只小猫，给了它一个家。后来她有了女儿，猫咪用爱心和耐心陪着女儿长大直到去世的故事。
【详细解读】
1. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他跳进她的怀里，不让她走。A. broke破坏，打破；B. leapt跳；C. fell落下；D. caught抓住，赶上。根据“into her arms and refused to let her go.”可知，此处是指小猫跳进Erin怀里，想让她把自己带回家。故选B。
2. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我立刻被吸引了，决定冒险把一只小猫藏在我的大学宿舍里，那里显然不允许养动物，”Erin回忆道。A. attacked袭；B. addicted使……上瘾；C. attached附着，使依恋；D. appreciated感激。根据下文“decided that I would take a ___3___ and try hiding a kitten in my college dorm”推知，Erin被小猫吸引了。故选C。
3. A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我立刻被吸引了，决定冒险把一只小猫藏在我的大学宿舍里，那里显然不允许养动物，”Erin回忆道。A. risk风险；B. look表情；C. change改变；D. decision决定。根据下文“where animals are obviously not allowed”可知，宿舍不准养动物，所以作者决定带小猫回宿舍是冒险。故选A。
4. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一周后，她被抓住了，并给与48小时的时间把猫带走。A. kill杀死；B. sell卖；C. permit允许；D. remove移除。根据上文“where animals are obviously not allowed”可知，Erin被抓住后，学校给她48小时时间让她把猫带走。故选D。
5. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我秘密计划了一个月来说服父母让我留下他。A. force强迫；B. permit许可，允许；C. advise建议；D. convince使……相信，说服。根据“Dad never said yes but I won”结合下文陈述Bailey和作者女儿的故事推知，Erin曾努力说服父母让她留下小猫。故选D。
6. B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：妈妈最终屈服了。A. gave up放弃；B. gave in屈服；C. gave out分发，耗尽；D. gave away赠送，泄露。根据“Dad never said yes”推知，作者的妈妈在作者的说服下最终同意留下小猫，即妈妈屈服了。故选B。
7. A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：爸爸从来没有答应过，但我赢了，得到了我想要的。A. way方式，方法；B. hope希望；C. word单词，话语；D. advice建议。根据“ I won ”和下文讲述作者女儿和Bailey的故事可知，作者得到了自己想要的——继续养Bailey，get one’s way“得逞”。故选A。
8. C 考查连词词义辨析。句意：她不知道Bailey会怎么看待新加入的家庭成员。A. how如何；B. that（无意义）； C. what什么；D. whether是否。结合句意，此处问某人对什么的看法，应用what。故选C。
9. A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这是一见钟情，随着Abby的成长，他成为了保护她的哥哥，守护着她的每一步。A. protective保护的；B. destructive破坏性的；C. impressive令人印象深刻的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据下文“watching over her every step of the way.”可知，Bailey 成了保护Abby的哥哥。故选A。
10. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多人在社交媒体平台上关注了Erin。A. praised表扬，赞美；B. followed跟随，密切关注；C. admired欣赏；D. scolded责骂。根据上文“A video clip showing Abby reading to Bailey went viral on the Internet in 2018.”推知，很多人在社交平台上关注了Erin。故选B。
11. D 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，虽然艾琳和她的家人每天都和这只可爱的猫在一起，但人们认识贝利的时间并不长。A. Surprisingly令人吃惊的是；B. Amazingly令人惊讶的是；C. Eventually最终；D. Unfortunately不幸的是。根据下文“the 14-year-old cat passed away”可知，Bailey死了，这是不幸的事。故选D项。
12. C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：2018年12月8日，这只14岁的猫因肾衰竭去世。A. lack缺乏；B. organ器官；C. failure失败；D. function功能。根据“passed away”可知，Bailey死于肾衰竭，kidney failure“肾衰竭”。故选C。
13. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾琳估计她的家人已经收到了来自世界各地的500多张卡片。A. doubts怀疑；B. expects期待；C. assumes假定，认为；D. estimates估计。根据上文“Erin still got cards and gifts from caring individuals.”和下文“received more than 500 cards from around the world”可知，此处是指Erin估计收到的卡片超过了500张。故选D。
14. A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Erin希望Bailey的粉丝们能够坚持这份爱。A. fans粉丝；B. fellows同伴；C. friends朋友；D. owners主人，所有者。根据“A video clip showing Abby reading to Bailey went viral on the Internet in 2018.”推知，Bailey在社交平台上有很多粉丝，此处指Erin希望他的粉丝们在他死后能坚持对动物的爱。故选A。
15. C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她希望自己毛茸茸的“第一个孩子”被人们记住，作为一种同情的象征，激励他人用爱来对待这个世界。A. hardship艰难困苦；B. sympathy怜悯；C. compassion同情；D. confidence信心。根据“inspires others to treat the world with love”结合上文讲述Erin冒险收留Bailey的故事可知，Erin希望人们能同情小动物，给它们关爱。故选C。
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8. （2022湖北省十一所名校高三第二次联考)
1. C；2. A；3. B；4. C；5. D；6. B；7. A；8. B；9. D；10. C；
11. C；12. A；13. B；14. A；15. D；
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主题是宽恕的力量，因为Tom Anderson的缘故，导致一位同学过世，多年来他一直饱受折磨，这位同学的母亲选择宽恕他，并指出他也应该宽恕自己，让他过上了正常人的生活。
【详细解读】
1. C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年来，汤姆·安德森的生活因他参加冒险导致一位同学身亡的记忆而枯萎。A. reputation名声；B. possession个人财产；C. part参与；D. identity身份。由下文的“in an adventure that 2___ the death of one of his classmates”可知，汤姆·安德森参加的冒险导致了一位同学身亡，他的生活也因此事而黯然失色，part in (参与)。故选C项。
2. A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：句意：多年来，汤姆·安德森的生活因他参加冒险导致一位同学身亡的记忆而枯萎。A. accounted for导致；B. figured out弄清楚；C. participated in参加；D. depended on依靠。由本处的“an adventure that 2___ the death of one of his classmates”可知，这次冒险导致了一位同学身亡。故选A项。
3. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他和妻子结婚六年后分居了。A. registered注册；B. separated分离；C. withdrew撤退；D. transformed转变。由下文的“His wife Betty came back”可知，之后妻子回来了，说明妻子回来之前汤姆·安德森因同学身亡一事大受打击，生活变得糟糕，和妻子分居了。故选B项。
4. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的妻子贝蒂回来了；他获得了一个好职位。A. presented赠送；B. promoted提升；C. earned获得；D. guaranteed保证。由上文的“Then the news about Tom changed. His wife Betty came back”和下文的“a fine position”可知，汤姆·安德森因同学身亡一事大受打击，生活变得糟糕，和妻子分居了，但之后他的人生变好了，妻子回来了，也获得了一份好工作。故选C项。
5. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我曾经认为没有什么能使我的所作所为解脱。A. reveal揭示；B. confirm确认；C. enhance增强；D. undo解脱、消除。由上文的“For years Tom Anderson’s life was withered up (枯萎) by the memory of his 1___ in an adventure that 2___ the death of one of his classmates.”和下文的“She paused, and then said 10___, ‘You are the one person who hasn’t forgiven Tom Anderson.’”可知，生活变好之前，汤姆·安德森因他参加的冒险导致同学身亡一事大受打击，生活变得糟糕，一直无法原谅自己，所以他认为没有什么能使自己的所作所为得到解脱。故选D项。
6. B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我内疚的想法让我无法微笑。A. drawback缺点；B. guilt内疚；C. survival生存；D. accusation指控。由上文的“For years Tom Anderson’s life was withered up (枯萎) by the memory of his 1___ in an adventure that 2___ the death of one of his classmates.”和下文的“She paused, and then said 10___, ‘You are the one person who hasn’t forgiven Tom Anderson.’”可知，生活变好之前，汤姆·安德森因他参加的冒险导致同学身亡一事大受打击，生活变得糟糕，一直无法原谅自己，说明他一直很内疚。故选B项。
7. A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的妻子和我之间有一堵墙。A. wall墙；B. reminder提醒人的事物；C. reserve自然保护区；D. label标签。由上文语境可知，汤姆·安德森因同学身亡一事大受打击，生活变得糟糕，和妻子分居了，是因为二人之间有一堵墙（暗指有隔阂、无法沟通）。故选A项。
8. B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，一个我最害怕见到人——死去的大学同学的母亲，出乎意料地来拜访了我。A. impossible不可能的；B. unexpected出乎意料的；C. undoubted毫无疑问的；D. unbearable无法忍受的。由下文的“visit from the person I dreaded (恐惧) most to see — the mother of the college classmate who died”可知，汤姆·安德森因他参加的冒险导致同学身亡一事大受打击，一直很内疚，最害怕见到其母亲，没想到过世同学的母亲会来拜访自己，这完全出乎意料。故选B项。
9. D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说，“没有爱，生活就没有意义。”A. concept概念；B. standard标准；C. principle原则；D. meaning意义。由常识可知，生活中没有爱，生活就没有意义。故选D项。
10. C 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她停顿了一下，然后真诚地说，“你是唯一一个没有原谅汤姆·安德森的人”。A. deliberately故意地；B. humbly谦卑地；C. sincerely真诚地；D. morally道义上地。由上文的“Unless you forgive, you cannot love.”和下文的“You are the one person who hasn’t forgiven Tom Anderson.”可知，汤姆·安德森最害怕见到的人——死去的大学同学的母亲拜访了自己，劝自己要原谅自己，用爱去生活，还真诚地说自己是唯一一个没有原谅自己的人。故选C项。
11. C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现在她的眼里，我看到了如果她的孩子还活着，我被允许成为的样子。A. occupation职业；B. passion热情；C. permission允许；D. attempt尝试。由上文的“Unless you forgive, you cannot love.”和“You are the one person who hasn’t forgiven Tom Anderson.”可知，过世同学的母亲劝汤姆·安德森要原谅自己，放下心结，允许自己回到正常的样子。故选C项。
12. A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我有生以来第一次感到值得去爱和被爱。A. worthy值得的；B. significant重要的；C. valuable有价值的；D. innocent无辜的。由上文的“to be the person I might have been if her boy had lived”可知，因为过世同学母亲劝汤姆·安德森原谅自己、放下心结的话，他原谅了自己，有生以来第一次感到自己值得去爱和被爱。故选A项。
13. B 考查形容词和动词词义辨析。句意：宽恕是真正的优点，通过它我们可以从经验中获得学习的自由。A. forgetting忘记；B. saving可取的；C. challenging挑战性的；D. demanding要求高的。由下文的“through which we gain the freedom to learn from experience”可知，宽恕帮助我们从经验中获得学习的自由，可得出宽恕是真正的优点，the saving grace (仅有的优点、唯一可取之处)。故选B项。
4. A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但原谅我们的缺点并不意味着否认缺点的存在。A. denying否认；B. assuming假定；C. clarifying澄清；D. opposing反对。由常识可知，缺点一直客观存在，所以原谅缺点并不意味着否认缺点的存在。故选A项。
15. D 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，这意味着现实地面对它们。A. emotionally情感上地；B. diligently勤勉地；C. temporarily暂时地；D. realistically现实地。由上文的“forgiving our shortcomings”可知，人们原谅缺点就是在现实中去正视缺点，侧面反映“原谅缺点并不意味着否认缺点的存在”。故选D项。