专题01阅读理解（第02期）-2022届江苏高考模拟试题分项汇编

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专题01 阅读理解（第02期）-2022届江苏高考模拟试题分项汇编
阅读理解【2022届江苏省苏锡常镇四市高三教学情况调查（一）】
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21．When we take the tour to Georgia, we can______.
A．enjoy the beautiful trees in the countryside
B．visit some famous tourist sites in big cities
C．taste the peace of medieval town in Europe
D．taste the local foods in the restaurants without extra fee
22．What is special about the tour to New England?
A．It contains a specialized tour guide service.
B．It boasts a beautiful scenery of the mountains.
C．It promises free return flights to any places.
D．It unfolds the amazing history of whole America.
23．What do the three tours have in common?
A．Each tour provides hotel accommodations.
B．Superb travel experiences are guaranteed.
C．No discounts are offered.
D．Only flight transport is provided.
【2022届江苏省苏锡常镇四市高三教学情况调查（一）】
It was late—an unrecognized and slow hour. In front of me was a large dog, showing his jaws so hard that his teeth gave a loud sound with each bark. His eyes were locked on me, desperate for the toy in my hand. But he wasn’t playing-he was feeling uneasy.
As I cautiously held my ground, his bark changed to a shout, then he gave a short and frightening roar. That was when my unease gave way to something far more primitive: fear.
This was no ordinary dog. Dyngo, ten-year-old, had been trained to push his six-stone body toward enemies, locking his jaws around them. This dog had saved thousands of lives. Now he was in my flat in Washington DC．Just 72 hours earlier, I had travelled across the country to get Dyngo back from Luke Air Force Base near Phoenix, Arizona, so that he could live out his remaining years with me.
That first night, May 9, 2016, after we’d settled into my hotel room, Dyngo sat on the bed waiting for me. As I was gradually sleeping, I felt his body moving, and I smiled: Dyngo is a dog who dreams. The next morning, when I came out from the bathroom after a shower, it was like stepping into a hen house massacre (屠宰场): feathers floated in the air. In the middle of the bed was Dyngo, panting over a pile of torn-pieces pillows.
On the flight home, Dyngo was allowed to sit at my feet in the broad first row, but he soon had bouts of vomiting (呕吐) in between his attempts to tear the blanket I’d brought him. The pilot announced Dyngo’s military status, inspiring applause from the whole cabin. When we reached my flat, we both collapsed from exhaustion. It would be our last bit of shared peace for many months.
24．Why did the author say Dyngo was no ordinary dog?
A．Because it was a large and fierce dog.
B．Because it could live with anyone peacefully.
C．Because it was once a trained military dog.
D．Because it had saved thousands of lives in Washington DC．
25．What can we conclude from Paragraph 4?
A．Dreaming is an abnormal behavior for Dyngo.
B．Dyngo enjoys tearing things up like other dogs.
C．Dyngo always prepares to wait for his owner after a shower.
D．Panting over a pillow is Dyngo’s most favorite activity.
26．How was their flight home according to the passage?
A．It was tiring but inspiring that Dyngo received passengers’ recognition.
B．It was disappointing because everyone was frightened by Dyngo.
C．It was annoyed that Dyngo fell ill on board unexpectedly.
D．It was peaceful and smooth without any bothers.
27．Where is this text most likely from?
A．A news report. B．A guidebook.
C．A research paper. D．A magazine.
【2022届江苏省苏锡常镇四市高三教学情况调查（一）】
On Friday January 14, 2022, blast was heard 2,000 km away in New Zealand and 3,300 km away in Australia. Boats crashed into a quiet harbor in Southern California, a remote island was battered in Japan by 4 foot waves and two women were swept to their deaths on a beach in Peru some 6,000 miles from an undersea volcanic eruption so powerful that the tsunami which it set off stirred ocean waters halfway across the globe.
But on Sunday, as reports of the volcano’s effect crowded in from far-flung countries, there was little word from Tonga, the island nation just 40 miles from the site of the extraordinary explosion. As concerns from all over the world grew, the nation of about 100,000 people remained largely cut off from the rest of the world, its undersea internet cables knocked out of commission by the volcano.
In Tonga on Sunday, many residents lost not only communication channels but electric power. Up to 80,000 people there could be affected, the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies told the BBC．
New Zealand and other nations in the region pledged to give Tonga aid to recover. But with heavy concentrations of airborne ash making flights impossible, just like the Iceland volcano eruption in 2021, it was difficult even to know what was needed. Ardern, the New Zealand prime minister, said flights over Tonga were planned for Monday or Tuesday, depending on ash conditions.
Tonga has experienced a succession of natural disasters in recent years. In 2018, more than 170 homes were destroyed and two people killed by Cyclone Gita, a Category 5 tropical storm. In 2020, Cyclone Harold caused about $111 million in damage.
28．Which country wasn’t affected by Tanga undersea volcanic eruptions?
A．America B．Japan C．Peru D．Iceland
29．How much area of the seawater did the volcano stir?
A．20% B．30% C．50% D．70%
30．Which phrase can replace the underlined words “out of commission”?
A．out of action B．out of range C．out of existence D．out of account
31．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．The Iceland volcano eruption in 2021 made nearby flights delayed.
B．New Zealand as well as other nations in the region gave Tonga aid timely.
C．Flights could reach Tonga two days after the eruption.
D．The undersea volcanic eruption caused severer damage to Tonga than ever before.
【2022届江苏省苏锡常镇四市高三教学情况调查（一）】
A seriously sick Maryland man named David Bennett Sr. who received a pig’s heart in a pioneering transplant surgery successfully on January 17th, 2022. However, this man who regained his life has a criminal record because of a violent attack 34 years ago in which he repeatedly stabbed a young man, Edward Shumaker, causing him paralyzed.
The Washington Post first reported the transplant patient s criminal record and the attack that led to it. The revelations have prompted debate about how patients are selected for high-tech medical care.
“The transplant gave him life,” Edward’s sister voiced her displeasure with the transplant for Bennett. “But my brother never got a second chance at life.”
But Bennett’s doctors said that such unsetting historical records do not disqualify patients from getting cutting-edge medical procedures.
Officials at the University of Maryland Medical Center, where the transplant operation was performed, said in a statement that health care providers were committed to treating all patients, regardless of their backgrounds or life circumstances.
“It is the solemn obligation of any hospital or health care organization to provide lifesaving care to every patient who comes through their doors based on their medical needs,” the officials said.
“There’s a long-existing standard in medical ethics that physicians or surgeons don’t pick and choose who they treat,” said Karen J. Maschke, a research scholar at the Hastings Center and editor of Ethics & Human Research.
The question has arisen in the context of imprisoned people and enemies in war, and more recently people with COVID who chose not to get vaccinated, she noted.
“Where would you draw the line if you picked and chose?” Maschke asked.
32．What criminal record did David Bennett Sr. have?
A．He repeatedly stabbed a young man, Edward Shumaker, to death.
B．He repeatedly stabbed a young man, Edward Shumaker, to being paralyzed.
C．That David Bennett Sr. received a pig’s heart disobeyed the conventional medical procedure.
D．That David Bennett Sr. received a pig’s heart disobeyed a long-existing standard in medical ethics.
33．What is the attitude of Edward’s sister towards the transplant?
A．Skeptical B．Disapproving. C．Impartial. D．Indifferent.
34．According to the article, which of the following is TRUE?
A．Patients with criminal records are disqualified from getting cutting edge medical procedures.
B．Imprisoned people can’t receive high-tech medical procedures.
C．Physicians shouldn’t provide lifesaving care to those who have unsettling histories.
D．People with COVID who chose not to get vaccinated could also receive pioneering medical treatment.
35．What’s the main idea of this passage?
A．David Bennett Sr. received a pig’s heart transplant successfully.
B．David Bennett Sr. has no right to get high-tech medical procedures.
C．A patient with a violent criminal record got a breakthrough heart transplant.
D．Health care providers shouldn’t treat patients who have criminal records.
阅读理解【2022届江苏省南京市、盐城市高三第二次模拟】
Get Help Finding a Youth or Student Job
If you’re a student looking for a job, you can get help through these programs—regardless of your background or circumstances.
Youth Job Connection
You get at least 60 hours of paid training to prepare you for the workplace, a job for up to 6 months, job-coaching and help with the transition from school to work, or to ongoing employment once the program ends.
Who is eligible (具备条件的): between 16 and 29 years old; not attending full-time school or training.
Youth Job Connection Summer
You get at least 20 hours of paid training to prepare you for the workplace, summer jobs that last for up to 8 weeks (part-time and after-school jobs are available if they don’t conflict with school), job-coaching and help returning to school after the program ends.
Who is eligible: between 18 and 20 years old; a high school student planning to stay in or return to school, or to move on to postsecondary education.
MARS Studio
You are guided to learn critical skills you need to solve complex 21st century challenges, build networks with peers, coaches, and leaders, and pursue your innovative ideas for bold change in society.
Who is eligible: 8-month fellowship for young people aged 18-29.
Starter Company Program
You get guidance business knowledge and funding to start, grow, or buy a small business. To qualify for funding of up to $5,000, you need to be able to contribute at least 25% of the grant amount.
Who is eligible: between 18 and 29 years old; applicants must not be attending school full time.
21．Which program is suitable for a 16-year-old student?
A．Youth Job Connection. B．Youth Job Connection Summer.
C．MARS Studio. D．Starter Company Program.
22．What is special about Youth Job Connection Summer?
A．It is intended for students only. B．It provides the longest training.
C．It offers business knowledge. D．It helps return to school after the program ends.
23．What do all of these programs offer?
A．A well-paid job. B．Paid training. C．Job guidance. D．High salary.
When my dad was first diagnosed with cancer and had radiation, I pushed my folks to start eating more fresh produce and preferably organics. My mom really improved her cooking from the roasted slice of pork and frozen-veggies dinners that I had fallen in love with. Dad said he had never eaten so well.
My dad had been an IBM guy, who often said, “People never change,” but he became skilled in overall treatments and began to take well-informed control of his own course of action. I wasn't thinking too much of his changes, but he had survived cancer for over 10 years, constantly learning, running his charity golf events, doing a bit of travel, and always looking pleasant and smiling.
My dad and I decorated a farmhouse in 2012, and I started taking care of the orchard, shaping rows for crops and a herb garden, and learning to care for four red hens. Bringing farm-fresh food to my folks was a way I could contribute to dad's health as well as his enjoyment of life, take a little work off my mom's hands, and sit and chat about something other than cancer.
The idea for this business came from what we learned about the role of food in health. My dad’s doctor told him that eating fresh produce could help resist cancer. Dad helped me set up the farm and worked till just a few days before he passed. But all of what I do here is based on experience, research, and strong values.
We learned more than I ever wanted to know. But the goals of this farm developed as we learned, and here we have it: Produce with a purpose—fresh produce, grown for disease-fighting and preventive health value, delivered with easy but crazy—delicious recipes as well as support, encouragement, overall thinking and even a bit of humor.
24．What was the author's favorite food in the past?
A．Organic food. B．Fresh vegetables.
C．Barbecued meat. D．Fast-food meal.
25．What did the author think of his dad?
A．He was a stubborn senior. B．He was crazy about adventures.
C．He was indifferent to his disease. D．He was positive about challenges.
26．What inspired the author and his dad to start the farm?
A．The pressure of his mother. B．The suggestions of a doctor.
C．The deadly cancer of his dad. D．The great harvest on the farm.
27．What is the text mainly about?
A．A farm with a purpose. B．A dream of my family.
C．The cancer of my father. D．The value of fresh produce.
Streaming (流媒体) first became popular in 2005, thanks to YouTube. Nowadays nearly three quarters of American households subscribe to at least one video streaming service. With almost 200 million subscribers worldwide and a billion hours of content viewed each week, Netflix is by far the biggest paid service. No. 2 is Amazon Prime Video. But for every Goliath, there are a hundred Davids. Many smaller streaming services show nothing but sports, classic movies, or Japanese anime (动画片).
In the early days of steaming the appeal was the lower cost, and it still is. The average streamer spends $37 a month (and subscribes to three streaming platform, while the average cable (有线电视) user pays more than $200 per month. Still streaming has become more expensive in recent years. In 2019, Netflix raised the price of its basic service 12.5 percent, to $8.99 a month. A quarter of is subscribers, who protested price increases, said they would cancel their subscriptions. Few did.
A major reason: Streaming networks have become home to many of the most popular TV series, including recent Emmy winners. They offer full-length feature films as well, and last year, Netflix received more Oscar nominations (提名) than any other media company. In fact, streaming has changed the Oscar competition, at least for this year. Usually only films shown in theaters are considered, but because of the coronavirus, all movies released online in 2020 are qualified for the 2021 Academy Awards. That shift is especially good news for Disney, which is putting the much anticipated movie Mulan on its new streaming service, Disney+. But watching Mulan from your own home will cost $29.99---on top of the service's monthly fee of $6.99.
Too much streaming can have its disadvantages, however. There are those who binge-watch, a term Merriam-Webster added in 2017 with the definition “to watch many or all episodes of (a TV series) on end." Alejandro Fragoso from New York holds the Guinness World Record: 94 straight hours.
28．What do the underlined words “Goliath" and “David" in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A．TV viewers. B．TV programs.
C．Streaming subscribers. D．Streaming services.
29．Why did most Netflix subscribers continue their subscriptions?
A．They cannot go without it.
B．They think the low cost is a thing of the past.
C．Netflix has controlled the market.
D．They think it is good value for money.
30．What does the good news in Paragraph 3 mean to Disney?
A．The movie Mulan can be released on Disney+.
B．The movie Mulan will generate great profits.
C．The movie Mulan can compete for an Oscar.
D．The movie Mulan will win an Oscar award.
31．What do binge-watchers tend to do?
A．They start a new life. B．They watch TV series continuously.
C．They break world records. D．They watch TV series aimlessly
In 2016, in an Illinois town called Cahokia, a woman was sent to prison just because she failed to tend her lawn (草坪). In 2019, a Florida man was fined $30,000 by the city of Dunedin for allowing his grass to grow more than 10 inches in height. These examples, while extreme, are not rare occurrence in America.
A study estimated that turf grasses (lawns, parks, athletic fields, etc) cover over 40 million acres in the continental U.S., an area larger than any crop area. And Americans spend as much as $60 billion a year maintaining these grasses. These impressive data are the result of Americans’ setting much store by these pieces of greenery for several centuries.
Centuries ago, only those with considerable wealth could own the resources needed to maintain these displays. In the modern world, lawns have gradually changed from the estates of the wealthy to the front yards of common people. Across America, millions of families now proudly present their grass to their neighbors and drivers by carefully weeding, watering, fertilizing and mowing these small-scale representations of the grounds.
With this context in mind, it’s easy to see well-tended lawns in America. People tend to use lawns to create an impression of order or to indicate a sense of personal success. The relative health and attractiveness of the grass in their yard becomes a barometer (晴雨表) for their life as whole.
However, with so many acres covered by the grass, the influence associated with lawn maintenance is more than just psychological. To begin, a lawn requires massive quantities of resources to sustain. The U.S. Department of Agriculture estimates that lawns account for about half of homeowner’s water use, much of which is wasted. Additionally, Americans are reported to use 80 million pounds of chemicals on their lawns each year. The process of tending the lawn also contributes to air pollution.
These surprising data mean we need to question whether lawns provide us with enough benefit to justify their widespread existence.
32．Why are the two lawn-related cases mentioned in the first paragraph?
A．To explain the effectiveness of American laws
B．To show the significance of lawns in American society.
C．To stress Americans’ awareness of environmental protection.
D．To reveal the cost of maintaining lawns in Americans’ daily life.
33．What does the underlined part in the second paragraph mean?
A．Making full use of. B．Facing the consequence of.
C．Attaching great importance to. D．Shouldering the responsibility for.
34．Why do Americans have a preference for well-tended lawns?
A．Because of the psychological function of lawns.
B．Because of the popularity of lawns in Americans’ life
C．Because of the purpose of placing barometers in lawns.
D．Because of the method of planting healthy and attractive lawns.
35．What can we know about the lawns in the U.S. according to the passage?
A．They will be expanded to cover more lands.
B．They are of significant environmental concerns.
C．They will motivate people to be health-conscious.
D．They can promote the development of the chemical industry.
阅读理解【江苏省苏北六市（南通、徐州、淮安、宿迁、泰州、扬州）2021-2022学年高三第一次调研】
A special place to stay can make a holiday — but also break the bank. We have picked new affordable places across Europe for €150 a room a night or less.
Scourie Hotel
Doubles from €129
Opened October 2015
This hotel has been adored by fishing fans for generations. When the Campbell family bought it six years ago, they updated it with gentle, stylish furnishings. There’s a string of spectacular beaches to discover, including the Scourie Bay with golden sand.
Ho36 Hotel
Doubles from €109
Opened December 2017
This hotel offers the rarest of things — ski accommodation that is both affordable and stylish. Guests can ski or snowboard from the front door. There are two lively bars with live music and regular DJ nights, a restaurant serving hearty Alpine meals and film nights.
Conscious Hotel
Doubles from €120
Opened April 2016
This fourth hotel by Dutch sustainable brand Conscious is the first powered entirely by wind. The restaurant is fully organic and the bedrooms simple with contemporary elements. The hotel overlooks the Westerpark, one of Amsterdam’s biggest green spaces.
Dock Hotel
Doubles from €150
Opened May 2014
This large hotel on the Baltic coast is made from shipping containers. The industrial theme continues inside,with concrete walls, exposed pipes, and more containers. The hotel is 12 minutes’ walk from the beach.
1．Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life?
A．Scourie Hotel.
B．Ho36 Hotel.
C．Conscious Hotel.
D．Dock Hotel.
2．What is special about Conscious Hotel?
A．It is old-fashioned.
B．It has the longest history.
C．It is environment-friendly.
D．It offers the biggest green space.
3．What can the guests of Scourie Hotel and Dock Hotel do?
A．Update the furniture.
B．Walk on the beach.
C．Appreciate architecture.
D．Visit industrial fairs.
【江苏省苏北六市（南通、徐州、淮安、宿迁、泰州、扬州）2021-2022学年高三第一次调研】
Laurie Horam never thought of himself as musical. At home, his dad never listened to music, while one of his boarding school teachers labelled him tone deaf. But last month he started to play the harmonica (口琴)on the streets of Bradford. People clapped, danced and threw coins into his case for the local food bank. Horam caught himself thinking. “How, at the age of 79, do I come to be playing music to people on the streets?”
The question preoccupied him, because, some years ago at a family gathering, Gavin, his eldest son, said: “You know what, Dad? It can’t be coincidental. We must have got our musical abilities from you.” Horam has three sons and they cover a range of instruments. He was surprised. “There can’t be music in me, because I can’t play! ”he said.
Eight years ago, Horam, a retired civil servant, was on his way back from a trip with his family. Gavin stopped at a music shop. He walked out and said: “Here you are. I bought this for you, Dad. It’s a harmonica. I’ll try to show you how to play a bit.”
They went to a session at their local pub. Gavin played the guitar and Horam sat in the corner with his harmonica, trying to make a sound that no one would hear. After six months, he was invited into the group. He discovered a talent for improvisation(即兴表演),responding to a note within a millisecond without batting an eyelid. “I don’t play by ear. I play by heart.” Actually, Horam says: “My harmonica plays me-how I feel, what I am, what I’ve been.”
Music has enriched life with friendship and made Horam feel “part of something much bigger” than himself. “At a time when the circle of life might be shrinking, mine is expanding,” he says. “Maybe we never know completely who we are or what we can do.”
4．Why did Horam play the harmonica on the streets of Bradford?
A．To recall the good old days.
B．To beg food from passers-by.
C．To live his childhood dream.
D．To collect money for charity.
5．What is Gavin’s attitude to his father’s musical ability?
A．Positive.
B．Disapproving.
C．Doubtful.
D．Unclear.
6．What does playing the harmonica allow Horam to do?
A．Enjoy the quiet.
B．Listen to his heart.
C．Express himself.
D．Sharpen his hearing.
7．What does music bring to Horam?
A．A lost soul.
B．A comfortable life.
C．A broader circle of life.
D．A new perception of family.
C【江苏省苏北六市（南通、徐州、淮安、宿迁、泰州、扬州）2021-2022学年高三第一次调研】
Christmas wouldn’t be Christmas without mountains of wrapping paper covering the floor on 25 December. Or would it?
A rise in interest in crafting(手工艺)，coupled with a greater awareness of the environment under lockdown, has led to an increase in interest in furoshiki-the Japanese art of fabric wrapping this year.
Furoshiki are traditional Japanese cloths used to transport food, clothes or gifts. They are increasingly being accepted by shoppers as an alternative to paper. The cloths are easy to use: gifts are placed in the centre of the fabric, which is then tucked(卷起)around the object and fastened with a knot (结).
Because fabric is so much more malleable (可塑的)than wrapping paper, it can be used to make even the most awkward-shaped gifts look professionally wrapped. The Covid-19 pandemic(大流行病)has brought the environment into a new focus for people, causing people all to make more environmentally conscious decisions around what we buy.
Part of the appeal of fabric wrapping is that it is a present in itself. The receiver can not only enjoy a beautifully wrapped gift but can then reuse the cloth to give a gift of their own.
Some customers use their cloth within family or friendship circles, so that it eventually makes its way back to them. There’s a certain magic and tradition in passing it from person to person.
Then there’s the rising interest in craft. Fabric wrapping is often handmade. Compared to standard wrapping paper, fabric wrapping offers more chances to experiment with different folding techniques and the way it lends itself to botanical decoration. There is a huge appetite for people wanting to learn new craft skills and perhaps create their own gifts for friends and family.
The practice of using furoshiki became widespread during Japan’s Edo period (1603-1868), when people bundled(捆)their clothes in fabric while visiting public baths. The custom was generally the preserve of older people in Japan, but younger generations are getting on board as a result of the pandemic. They have started to reconsider their ways of life.
8．Which of the following can best describe furoshiki?
A．Sustainable.
B．Wasteful.
C．Complex to knot.
D．Awkward to carry.
9．What is the advantage of furoshiki over standard wrapping paper?
A．It has less human touch.
B．It improves gardening skills.
C．It stimulates appetite for food.
D．It offers more space for creativity.
10．Why does furoshiki begin to be accepted by younger people?
A．It has a long family tradition.
B．Pandemic promotes green rethink.
C．Public baths are gaining popularity.
D．It’s their turn to preserve the custom.
11．What is the text mainly about?
A．The history of furoshiki.
B．The benefits of furoshiki.
C．Ways to wrap a gift with furoshiki.
D．Reasons for a growing interest in furoshiki.
D【江苏省苏北六市（南通、徐州、淮安、宿迁、泰州、扬州）2021-2022学年高三第一次调研】
Dozens of honey bees, which usually feed on wild flowers after leaving their hives (蜂房) in the campus gardens, were tricked into the cottage to feed from an artificial flower. Only one bee was allowed in at a time, and their visits to artificial flowers were videoed and timed under different fan speeds, which mimicked (模拟) calm and windy days.
But the researchers are trying to help them: it is a controlled experiment that reveals how high wind speeds significantly reduce the efficiency of their feeding.
With no wind, the bees on average took nectar (花蜜) from 5.45 flowers during their 90-second time trial. When wind speeds were increased, this fell to an average of 3.73 flowers.
Researchers also examined the indirect impact of higher winds by moving the flowers.
The findings reveal that, while flower movement did not appear to have an effect on the bees, the movement of air from the fans made them much more hesitant to take off from a flower, with time taken ranging from an initial 0.05 seconds to 54 seconds.
Georgia Hennessy, lead author of the research, said that one possible reason for the wind causing hesitancy was that small increases in wind speed reduced the bees’ body temperature, so they require longer to warm up the flight muscles required to take off.
“With wind speeds predicted to increase in the years ahead, understanding how we can help bees in a changing climate is becoming ever more pressing. Although we can’t do much to control or stop the wind, we can take steps to reduce its impact on bees, such as placing hives in sheltered locations,” said Hennessy.
The UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization warned last year that the decline in global bee populations was a “threat to global food security and diversity”.
Dave Goulson, professor of biology at the University of Sussex, said:“Bees already face many pressures in the modern world, such as loss of habitats and exposure to pesticides (杀虫剂), and a great many are in decline. Coping with increasingly windy weather under climate change may be the final straw.”
12．What task did the researchers set for the bees?
A．Identifying the new route.
B．Surviving in extreme conditions.
C．Feeding under different wind speeds.
D．Distinguishing various kinds of flowers.
13．What probably makes a bee hesitant to take off from a flower?
A．A full stomach.
B．Loss of balance.
C．Changed flower positions.
D．Reduced body temperature.
14．What can we do to reduce the impact of high winds on bees?
A．Stop the wind.
B．Restore their habitats.
C．Address climate change.
D．Prohibit the use of pesticides.
15．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Loss of bees causes failure of food crops
B．Bees are on the decline as global heating worsens
C．Bees may struggle in winds caused by global warming
D．Artificial flowers are used for threatened bee populations
阅读理解【江苏省苏北四市（徐州、淮安、宿迁、连云港）2021-2022学年高三上学期期末调研】
When you are visiting the Florida Panhandle, take a day to visit the four remarkable lighthouses on the “Forgotten Coast”.
St. Marks Lighthouse
Constructed in 1842, it is located on the east side of the entrance to the St. Marks River. Over the years, oil, kerosene, and electricity have powered the lamp which could be seen up to 15 miles. In 1960, the light was automated. The tower is closed to climbing but the restored Keeper’s Quarters are open the first Friday and Saturday of each month, 10am—4pm.
Crooked River Lighthouse
The lighthouse stands on the mainland. It is open, weather permitting, for climbs Wednesday through Friday 11 am—4pm, Saturday 9am—4pm and Sunday 1 pm—4pm. The cost for climbing the lighthouse is $5 per person. All climbers must be at least 44 inches tall.
Cape St. George Lighthouse
It stands at the center of St. George Island. The beach erosion (侵蚀) caused its collapse on October 21, 2005. Dedicated volunteers saved more than 22, 000 original bricks from the ruins and with community support and public and private funding, it was successfully rebuilt. The lighthouse is open daily except Thursday. Climbing fees are $5 for adults; $3 for children. The lighthouse and gift shop are open daily 10am—5 pm（Sunday: noon—5pm; Thursday: closed).
Cape San Bias Lighthouse
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015. Tower climbs are available($5 for adults, $3 for children over 44 inches tall and under age 12). It is open for climbing Wednesday through Saturday 11 am—5pm. Call to ask about extended summer or holiday hours and be sure to visit its Sleeping Beauty Gift Shop, which offers a display of paintings of all Florida’s lighthouses by Mary Alice Cullifer.
21．When can tourists visit the Keeper’s Quarters of St. Marks Lighthouse?
A．At 3pm, Feb 5, 2022. B．At 5pm, Mar 12, 2022.
C．At 9am, Feb 5, 2022. D．At 11am, Mar 12, 2022.
22．What can we learn about Cape St. George Lighthouse?
A．It can be visited free of charge.
B．It was rebuilt with joint efforts.
C．It is open to visitors every day.
D．It is not accessible for children.
23．Which lighthouse allows extended hours?
A．St. Marks Lighthouse. B．Crooked River Lighthouse.
C．Cape St. George Lighthouse. D．Cape San Bias Lighthouse.
【江苏省苏北四市（徐州、淮安、宿迁、连云港）2021-2022学年高三上学期期末调研】
An 89-year-old man, Manfred Steiner, has reached a goal he spent 20 years working toward and nearly a lifetime thinking about: earning his Ph. D．And now he is a physicist
Steiner values this degree because it is what he always wanted and because he overcame health problems that could have affected his studies. “But I made it, and this was the most satisfactory point in my life, to finish it,” he said.
When he was young, Steiner wanted to become a physicist after reading about Albert Einstein. But his mother and uncle persuaded him that studying medicine would be a better choice. He earned his medical degree in 1955 and moved to the US soon after.
Steiner studied hematology（血液学）at Tufts University and biochemistry at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He became a full professor and led the hematology department at Browns’ medical school from 1985 to 1994. Steiner helped establish a research program in hematology at the University of North Carolina. He directed that program until he retired from medicine in 2000.
Steiner found medical research pleasing, but it was not quite the same as his interest in physics. “It was something like a wish that was never fulfilled, that always stuck in the back of my head,” he said. At age 70, he started taking undergraduate classes.
Physics professor Brad Marston was surprised when Steiner entered his quantum mechanics class. But he became Steiner’s adviser for his dissertation（学位论文）after realizing how serious Steiner was about the subject and how hard he worked. “He has written many papers in medical science, more papers than I’ve written in physics,” Marston said. “One thing that’s really true about Manfred is that he perseveres.”
After the university published a story about Steiner on its website, people across the US contacted him to ask for advice on how to go after their dreams later in life. His advice is: Do what you love to do.
24．Why did Steiner value his degree in physics?
A．Because it solved his health problems. B．Because it was his long-pursued dream.
C．Because it met his mother’s expectation. D．Because it was inspired by Albert Einstein.
25．What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．Steiner’s contributions to teaching. B．Steiner’s researches after retirement.
C．Steiner’s achievements in hematology. D．Steiner’s performances at Tufts University.
26．What impressed Professor Marston most about Steiner?
A．His taking undergraduate classes at 70. B．His writing more papers in physics.
C．His sticking to becoming a physicist. D．His being a role model for Americans.
27．Which of the following can best describe Steiner?
A．Active and open-minded. B．Enthusiastic and easy-going.
C．Intelligent and warm-hearted. D．Perseverant and hard-working.
【江苏省苏北四市（徐州、淮安、宿迁、连云港）2021-2022学年高三上学期期末调研】
The short film Piper, released by Pixar in 2016, won the 89th Academy Award for Best Animated Short film. Piper was written and directed by Alan Barillaro, previously working in the animation department. It’s a wonder that he had the fortune to win Oscar for his first film.
The short film follows a baby bird named Piper, as she learns and overcomes her fears of finding food at the seafront. Piper is encouraged to peck（啄）at the sand beach but gets wet through with water from a wave. Discouraged by the terrible wave, she hopes to get food from her mother but fails. After gathering up the courage again, she meets a hermit crab（寄居蟹）who shows her not to be scared of the ocean but to embrace it. Finally, she discovers the secret of the ocean and feeds herself even her family. It’s a story about facing challenges and not being discouraged by failure. Like Piper, we can always find solutions and come out stronger than ever before.
Somehow Pixar manages to fit all of these into a five-minute-long short film, without using any spoken language and entirely by animation. Movements and personified facial expressions are what drive this story in this film. Much like the nature documentary, the continuous pulling of the shallow focus adds the sense of realism. The clean and clear animation allows for even the slightest micro-expressions to be picked up by the audience. And the music is consistent with Piper’s emotions, making the audience feel the same way.
This film and lots of others by Pixar make us laugh and cry all the time. By fitting a simple story with simple characters, we are led through challenges to a satisfying conclusion for our characters. It’s one of the best short films in a long time.
28．What is the storyline of the short film?
A．A mother instructs her child to find food.
B．A bird overcomes fears and grows independent。
C．A bird family tries to adapt to life at the seafront.
D．A sand beach offers food to the birds living nearby.
29．What techniques are used in the short film?
A．Animation and music. B．Sound and virtual scenes.
C．Movements and speeches. D．Clear pictures and vivid lines.
30．What’s the author’s attitude towards the short film?
A．Indifferent. B．Critical. C．Favorable. D．Negative.
31．What is this text?
A．A documentary. B．A review. C．A story. D．An essay.
When it comes to team assembly, people who are both trustworthy and competent are the most sought after. However, those who are friendly and trustworthy are more likely to be selected than those who are known for just their skill competence and personal reputation, according to a new research from Binghamton University.
“We assume that people are selected due to their knowledge, skills and abilities. However, this research suggests that people may often get picked because team members feel comfortable with them,” said Cynthia Maupin, assistant professor in Binghamton University’s School of Management. “People may be willing to sacrifice a bit in terms of performance in order to have a really positive team experience.”
Maupin and her colleagues focused on a group of MBA students to conduct their study. Students were randomly assigned to different teams to carry out class projects. Toward the end of the semester, they were asked to form their own teams and evaluate why they selected each member.
“To find out how the students signaled to others that they might be someone who would be good to team up with in the future, we studied their use of either challenging or supportive voice, Maupin said.
•Challenging voice: Communicating in a way that challenges the present situation and is focused on new ideas and efficiency.
•Supportive voice: Communicating in a way that strengthens social ties and trust.
The researchers found that students who exhibited both voices were the most in-demand people when it came to assembling teams. However, students who only used supportive voice to exhibit their friendliness and trustworthiness were more sought after than those who only signaled their competence through the use of challenging voice.
Maupin said the findings have major implications for the workplace. “People should realize the way they speak up can have a strong effect on informal teaming up at a later point and that supportive voice helps establish harmonious relationships and a sense of trust amongst individuals.”
32．Who are preferred as team members?
A．Those easy to get along with. B．Those with skill competence.
C．Those willing to make sacrifices. D．Those with good personal reputation.
33．What does the underlined word “signaled” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．Displayed. B．Promised. C．Replied. D．Gestured.
34．What does Maupin think of the findings?
A．They make people more supportive.
B．They help improve work competence.
C．They make sense for better team assembly.
D．They have strong effects on formal teaming up.
35．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．The Secret of Communication
B．The Importance of Competence
C．Challenging Voice or Supportive Voice
D．Competent Teammates or Friendly Teammates
阅读理解【2022届江苏省盐城市、南京市高三年级第一次模拟】
Natural. High quality. Unique.
That's Almased.

Selected ingredients (原料), an exceptional mix and production process: that's how we create the unique Almased effect.
➢Combination of ingredients that's more effective than individual nutrients (营养物质).
➢No artificial flavourings, fillers or sweeteners.
➢Supports fat-burning during digestion.
➢Supports resistance to common diseases.
Many products promise what only Almased can deliver. In order to achieve the unique Almased effect, it takes more than just mixing soy, yogurt and honey. The recipe for our Almased powder is as simple as it is unique: high-quality and natural soy, honey and yogurt.
SOY｜The high-quality non-GMO soy (非转基因大豆) used in Almased is an environmentally friendly, sustainable source of plant protein. A single serving of Almased supplies 27 grams of protein.
HONEY｜Unlike most regular honey, which is heat-treated, the raw honey in Almased is bursting with freshness even after it is canned. The honey's natural ingredients are still living and active when you open the can.
YOGURT｜Cows that are naturally fed can even in turn encourage grass growth. This is why Almased sources its milk and yogurt from happy cows in Ireland and northern Germany, where they live in green grasslands.
Being a natural product, Almased has a very plain taste and can be prepared in many different ways. Whether you like it sweet or fruity, there are no limits to how you flavour it. This ensures Almased doesn't get boring and suits your personal taste perfectly. So quick and easy to prepare, Almased can be fitted into your daily routine with ease.

21．If you are on a diet, Almased could be a good choice because __________.
A．its nutrients are easier to absorb B．it can help burn fat
C．secret ingredients are included D．it cures common diseases
22．Why does Almased stand out among other similar products?
A．It manages to mix different ingredients together.
B．Selected ingredients can stay fresh as ever.
C．Soy, yogurt and honey are specially treated.
D．Superior natural materials generate uniqueness.
23．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．Almased can replace our regular routine diet.
B．It's hard to make Almased appeal to everyone.
C．There seem various ways of serving Almased.
D．Almased has just the same taste as plain yogurt.
I’m rather good at using maps. But I forgot the maps and here we were, late afternoon, last day of vacation, my daughter, my cousin and I, driving along a two-lane highway in Oregon. No other car in sight, and the sun had just gone down. Where was that sweet little village?
It was supposed to be right along this river. We drove on, farther into the unknown, river always at left as our guide. We kept passing farms and fields and now a few lights were coming out. In my head, I was doing a lot of self-criticisms: Why didn't we start earlier, bring the map and on and on? My cousin and I were both impatient and stressed. My daughter, at least, was happy in the back seat, text messaging a friend. I pulled up on the shoulder of the road to think.
Just then－WOW! Amazing! A new scene had appeared. Where did it come from?
Right there, out of nowhere: a magical misty landscape. Fields stretched in silent purples, with rows of tall trees, darkening in the dusk (黄昏). I turned the car engine off. All was silent in the hot summer air. Beside us, a plum-colored river hardly moved between a border of trees, its dark lazy water reflecting the last light of day.
How breathtaking! Where had it been? If I had seen even a bit of this beauty while driving along, I could have stopped and taken a look. I had missed it all.
We miss a lot, almost everything, in fact, in our world. Our task-focused filters (过滤器) take care of that, selecting only what we need. We need to get to work. Have some lunch. We see what we need to see, often for purposes of survival. Gregory Bateson, speaking of beauty, said the judgment is selection of a fact. In our daily lives, who or what is doing the selecting? Can we make a change? Can we see further?
24．Which of the following might be the destination of the author’s driving?
A．Her own home. B．A vacation spot. C．A tourist centre. D．Her cousin’s farm.
25．What made the author keep blaming herself in the beginning?
A．That the vacation was below her expectations.
B．That she wasn’t as good at using maps as before.
C．That her cousin and daughter couldn’t get along.
D．That lack of full preparations got her to lose her way.
26．The author felt really amazed because ___________.
A．her carelessness brought an unexpected pleasure
B．she discovered a tourist spot unknown to the public
C．she unintentionally reached what she had planned to
D．the right route to her destination came out of nowhere
27．What does the story intend to tell us?
A．Stay coo when you are trapped in trouble.
B．Make a change for the purpose of survival.
C．Slow down your paces to enjoy beauty in life.
D．Be positive because there's always an alternative.
Virtual realty can improve brain activity that may be crucial for leaning, memory and even treating Alzheimer’s, a study on rats has found.
After monitoring the rats’ brain activity, researchers from the University of California Los Angeles discovered electrical activity in a region known as the hippocampus neurons (海马体神经元) differed depending on whether the rats were placed in real-world or VR environments. The new findings are significant as the hippocampus is a primary driver of learning and memory in the brain.
When rats walk around in real life, electrical activity in the hippocampus appears to synchronize (同步发生) at a rate of eight heartbeats per second. Heartbeats at this frequency are generally known as “theta (Ѳ) waves”, with stronger Ѳ waves seeming to improve the brain's ability to learn and keep sensory information. When placed in a VR environment, the rat’s Ѳ waves became stronger.
“It turns out that amazing things happen when the rat is in virtual reality” said Prof Mayank Mehta from UCLA．The scientists also found that VR environments could change different electrical rhythms (节律) in different parts of the neurons, which indicates that scientists may be able to control human brain rhythms.
“This is a new technology that has great potential,” Mehta said. The study also indicates why VR may stimulate these unique brain waves. A big part of it, Mehta puts, may be down to the very different set of stimuli presented in VR.
Imagine that you’re approaching a doorway in real life. Your eyes see the door getting larger. But how do you know that you’re moving forward and the door isn’t coming to you? The answer is that your brain uses information such as the acceleration of your head through space or the shift of weight from one foot to the other－information that may not be present during a VR experience.
28．According to the passage, why are the new findings important?
A．VR’s contributions to leaning have finally been identified.
B．VR can affect electrical activity in the hippocampus neurons.
C．VR produces the same effects on brains as real environments.
D．VR is likely to become another driver for learning and memory.
29．What can we learn about Ѳ waves?
A．They don’t respond to different brain rhythms.
B．They remain stable in different environments.
C．They affect how human perceive knowledge.
D．They have lite to do with the rate of heartbeats.
30．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A．The potential of the new technology.
B．The control of human brain rhythms.
C．The change in different parts of neurons.
D．The stimulation of the unique brain waves.
31．How does the author introduce VR’s different set of stimuli?
A．By conducting further tests on rats. B．By comparing different environments.
C．By providing a detailed analysis D．By explaining the theory of VR.
The new radio programme from Self-help expert Glennon Doyle unexpectedly disturbed me. In a session of We Can Do Hard Things, she focuses on boundaries and their importance to our mental happiness. I heartily agree with her, because saying a polite but firm “no” is one of the basics for a happy life. I was, however, interested when she raised the idea that perhaps, as well as learning when to confirm our boundaries, we also need to stretch them. When does a boundary become a cage that locks us away?
Isn’t it always the case that just as you think you’ve got an area of life nailed; somebody comes along to show you that that’s not the case? As I listened, I started to see boundaries that might cause more problems than they were solving.
There was the work boundary that said that unless a project fell exactly into my topics, I wouldn’t take it- -which meant that I turned down work that was otherwise interesting and rewarding.
There was the boundary that said I wasn’t to buy anything until I’d reached my savings goal－which resulted in me having to restart my laptop 20 times a day.
And then there was a boundary around relationships that set out exactly how I should be treated and what I wanted in them. Helpful to some extent, it blocked me from allowing someone to express their love for me, even if it wasn’t quite what I had predicted.
Had I been doing boundaries wrong all the time? Did I need to figure them all out again? I’ve spent the past few weeks looking at the boundaries I’ve secretly put in place, and I’ve let myself lower some that have been my protection over the years. Then I’ve come to the conclusion that, when it comes to boundaries, I’m a beginner again, and that’s fine. In fact, being back at the beginning is a blessing because it means there are still lessons to be learned and adventures to be had and that is something for which I can only be grateful.
32．What has really interested the author in Glennon Doyle’s programme?
A．The importance of confirming our boundaries.
B．The benefits of boundaries to our happiness.
C．The urgency of maintaining our boundaries.
D．The necessity of reassessing our boundaries.
33．What can be concluded as to the author’s views on boundaries?
A．We should favour savings goals over boundaries.
B．Boundaries tend to keep us from potential friends.
C．Boundaries are very likely to relieve boredom at work.
D．We should stick to boundaries despite inconvenience.
34．How did the author feel about boundaries after the adjustments?
A．Relaxed. B．Depressed. C．Pressured. D．Amused.
35．What is probably the best tittle for the passage?
A．Just when you think you’ve got things sorted ..
B．Just where you believe there’s no way out ..
C．How can we live a life without boundaries?
D．How do we become victims of boundaries?
阅读理解【江苏省苏州中学、海门中学、姜堰中学、淮阴中学2021-2022学年高三联考】
This chapter lists the questions most frequently asked about the appliance. If you cannot find the answer to your question, contact the Consumer Care Center in your country.
Question
Answer
Why doesn’t the Sonicare work?
• You may need to recharge the Sonicare. Charge the Sonicare for at least 24 hours.
• The socket (电源插座) may not be live. The electricity supply to sockets in mirror cabinets over washbasins or shaver sockets in bathrooms may be cut off when the light is switched off.
• You may need to reattach or replace the brush head
Why do I feel a tickling sensation when I use the Sonicare?
• You may experience a slight tickling/tingling sensation when you use the Sonicare for the first time. As you become accustomed to brushing with the Sonicare, this sensation diminishes.
Why does the Sonicare seem less powerful?
• You may need to charge the Sonicare.
• The Easy-start feature may be on. Deactivate the Easy-start feature (See chapter ‘Features’).
• You may need to replace the brush head
Why does the Sonicare seem to change power during brushing?
•You may be in the Clean and White brushing mode. If this is the case, the toothbrush starts in the Clean mode for 2 minutes and then changes to the White mode for 30 seconds.   The   Clean   and   White   mode   has   a   different sound and brush movement
Do I need a special charger if I travel with the Sonicare?
• No, you do not need a special charger. The Sonicare charger can be used with common worldwide voltages between 100-240V AC, at either 50 or 60HZ. A simple plug adapter is all that is required.

1．Which of the following is a possible reason for the Sonicare’s failure to work?A．The brush head is not correctly connected.
B．The Sonicare is used when the light is switched off.
C．The Sonicare won’t charge in sockets in mirror cabinets.
D．The Sonicare has been plugged into a socket for 24 hours.
2．In the Clean and White brushing mode, what problem will you meet?
A．Sensing the Sonicare is less powerful.
B．Feeling the Sonicare is changing power.
C．Experiencing a slight tingling sensation.
D．Finding the brush head against your teeth.
3．Where can this passage possibly be found?
A．A magazine about oral health.
B．An instruction book on an appliance.
C．A brochure promoting teeth protection.
D．A leaflet introducing a new toothbrush.
【江苏省苏州中学、海门中学、姜堰中学、淮阴中学2021-2022学年高三联考】
Intel Capital, a global investment company, has announced it’ll invest in Shubham Banerjee’s company, making the teenager the world’s youngest tech entrepreneur to receive venture capital funding.
Shubham Banerjee learned about Braille, the writing system used by the blind last December. To the middle schooler’s shock, he discovered the Braille printers cost thousands of dollars, so he decided to make his own. Using Lego pieces, he created a cheap Braille printer for his school’s science fair.
Now what started as a science fair project has transformed into a family-run startup: Braigo Labs, with mom Malini Banerjee the CEO, and dad Neil Banerjee on the board of directors. Neil also drives Shubham around and accompanies him to press events, interviews and meetings.
The funding from Intel will allow the family to hire engineers and designers, allowing Shubham to return his focus to school and easing the financial burden on the Banerjee family; Neil was planning to dipping into his own savings before Intel made its offer.
The investment also earns Shubham a place in history. He is two years younger than Nick Dickens, who was previously the world’s youngest tech entrepreneur to receive an investment in 2011.
Braigo includes software that Shubham created using Intel’s new Edison chip — a development platform to power devices built by early startups — and a printer that uses various motors and tools. Shubham published the code for the software on the Web, so other developers can use it, but the family has a patent for the printer. Intel engineers, including his dad, helped Shubham build the model.
Many have welcomed the prospect of an affordable Braille printer, which they say could give blind people better access to literature and improve Braille literacy rates. Others, however, expressed concerns, saying that the demand for Braille printers will drop.
“The number of potential sales are quite limited because there aren’t that many people who read Braille,” said Ike Presley, national project manager for the American Foundation for the Blind. “We don’t know what the demand will be for hard copy Braille 5 to 10 years from now.”
But whether or not the company survives, the experience is almost certainly something his parents will long hold onto.
“He would stay up until 2 a.m., and I would be like, ‘Give it up Shubham, just give it up,’” said Malini Banerjee. “He would keep building and breaking things and I would get so discouraged, asking, ‘Why is he wasting his time?’ But now I tell every mom, ‘Believe in your child.’”
4．What can we learn about Shubham’s company?
A．It is about to go bankrupt.
B．It is inspired by a Lego project.
C．It is burdened with media attention.
D．It is staffed mainly by the Banerjees.
5．Why does Shubham have “a place in history”?
A．He shares online the code for the software open-source.
B．He reinvents the writing system used by the blind people.
C．He is the youngest to get investment from a big company.
D．He launches a new reading news app for the blind people.
6．What does Ike Presley really mean?
A．Braigo Labs’ future is not so promising.
B．People will read more materials in Braille.
C．It’s wise for Intel to invest in Braigo Labs.
D．More needs to be done to raise Braille literacy.
7．Malini Banerjee can be best described as _______ now.
A．hesitant B．demanding C．supportive D．courageous
A slow death is creeping through Earth’s forests. As animals are killed by hunters or forced away by logging, the plants that depend on them to carry their seeds begin to disappear. Over time, trees and other plants may vanish. Climate change is accelerating this process, a new study suggests—and it may eventually harm biodiversity.
Many plants need help to move about the world. About half of all species rely on birds and mammals to eat or carry their fruits and nuts to new places. When these partners disappear, forests and plant communities can struggle to regenerate.
Climate change is making things worse. As temperatures warm and rainfall decreases, plant populations will have to extend their ranges by as much as tens of kilometers per year.
Ecologist Evan Fricke, wanted to know how well plants all across the planet might be able to move to new habitats. He and his colleagues gathered existing data from thousands of studies that looked at how birds and mammals spread seeds, including how far they travel and what percentage of the seeds actually get to grow. They focused on seeds that are dispersed more than 1 kilometer, a distance that is great enough to expand populations and help them recover from disturbances.
The average ability of plants to keep pace with climate change has already declined by 60%, the research found. “That should certainly be ringing alarm bells,” says Fricke, “We’re ‘forcing’ plants to move these great distances, but we’ve also significantly slowed their ability to do so.”
The loss of the ability is greater in temperate (温带) regions according to the research. That’s because these areas have lost many populations and species of large fruit-eating mammals, which can move seeds longer distances. Also, the challenge for plants is greater there, because when climate conditions change in relatively flat landscapes, species must move farther north to keep cool. In contrast, an alpine plant (高山植物) only has to move uphill to get to a cooler climate.
The situation could   get worse.   In   another   analysis, the researchers predicted what might happen if currently threatened and endangered seed-dispersing birds and mammals go extinct. This would reduce a plant’s ability to keep up with climate change by another 15%.
However, some of the damage can be repaired by connecting isolated habitats. That will better allow species to move in response to climate change. Reintroducing large animals to their former ranges could also help, because they can move seeds long distances.
“This is a very loud wake up call for urgent conservation efforts” of fruit-eating and seed-dispersing animals, says ecologist Rodolfo Dirzo. “What’s important,”he says, “is not just preventing extinction, but   keeping populations big enough to help many plants reproduce.”
8．Which of the following is a threat to Earth’s forests?
A．Warming climate.
B．Loss of biodiversity.
C．Migration of animals.
D．Disappearance of seeds.
9．What does the underlined word “dispersed” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．reaped B．spread C．planted D．sowed
10．The reason for some plants becoming less able to adapt to climate change is that ____.
A．they lack proper means of spreading the seeds
B．the average temperatures have dropped by 60%
C．plants in temperate areas are logged to extinction
D．it’s difficult for plants to move in rugged landscapes
11．According to Dirzo, what should be prioritized to repair the damage done to the plants?
A．Moving seeds over long distances systematically.
B．Introducing foreign fruit-eating animals into the habitat.
C．Save the threatened and endangered species from dying out.
D．Taking actions to keep the population of seed-dispersing animals.
D【江苏省苏州中学、海门中学、姜堰中学、淮阴中学2021-2022学年高三联考】
What do Ikea founder Ingvar Kamprad, Sir Richard Branson, Billionaire investor Charles Schwab, Walt Disney, and Henry Ford have in common? All are or were successful entrepreneurs with dyslexia — a learning disorder that makes it very difficult to read, write, and spell. People with dyslexia have trouble connecting the letters they see to the sounds they make and as a result, often struggle in school.
But in the real world, they make great achievements. They’re behind some of the most successful companies on Earth.
Richard Branson is one of the greatest entrepreneurs of our time. He created numerous businesses under the Virgin umbrella and has a net worth of $5 billion. Branson once admitted that Virgin which now employs 90,000 people would not have been successful had he not been dyslexic. Branson had a hard time keeping up with his peers because of his dyslexia and dropped out at the age of 16. Yet he transformed his weakness into an advantage. He understood the importance of communicating well. And his dyslexia also forced him to delegate tasks to those who excelled in the areas where he was weak.
Research has found people with dyslexia are more likely to delegate authority and also twice as likely to own two or more businesses. A study out of Cass Business School in London found more than a third of American entrepreneurs surveyed showed signs of dyslexia. Another commissioned by the BBC found 40% of that country’s self-made millionaires showed some signs of the learning disability. That’s significantly higher than the estimated 5% to 10% of the general population with some degree of dyslexia.
The question is: Are their entrepreneurial strengths a result of nature or nurture? A dyslexia expert believes they are naturally better at certain things, like picking up social cues. In an article in The Sacramento Bee about California governor Gavin Newsom who has dyslexia, Dr. Marilu Gorno-Tempini of UC San Francisco said, “He can understand what people need and their emotions more than others. I don’t think that’s a compensation. I think that’s the superpower of his dyslexic brain.” She and other scientists at UC San Francisco recently discovered children with the disorder had greater changes in heart rate and facial behavior when they viewed video clips of others experiencing emotions compared to children without dyslexia.
Eleanor Palser, one of the researchers who conducted the study, concluded to Newsthink, “This tells us that dyslexia might be associated with biological differences in empathy(移情)...”
12．Why are some famous people mentioned in Paragraph 1?
A．To demonstrate their problems.
B．To advertise their products.
C．To show their achievements.
D．To introduce the topic.
13．Which of the following is TRUE about Richard Branson in Paragraph 3?
A．He never gave up studying during adolescence.
B．Dyslexia prevented him from being more successful.
C．He worked hard to improve his communication skills.
D．Dyslexia drove him to appoint people to suitable posts.
14．Which of the following does Dr. Marilu Gorno-Tempini probably agree with?
A．Dyslexia might be associated with biological differences in empathy.
B．Gavin’s ability to understand others’ emotions compensates for his disability.
C．Children with dyslexia underwent more physical changes when watching videos.
D．Those who have dyslexia develop their ability to read others’ emotions by nurture.
15．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．How People With Dyslexia Succeed in life.
B．How Successful Entrepreneurs Overcome Dyslexia.
C．Why People With Dyslexia Are Extremely Empathetic.
D．Why So Many Successful Entrepreneurs Have Dyslexia.
阅读理解【江苏省苏州市张家港市2021-2022学年高三下学期开学考试】
Luxury (奢华的) Costa Rica
This grand adventure through Costa Rica offers the perfect combination of luxury travel and thrilling encounters with the natural world. Travelers will visit the impressing Arenal Volcano, the magical Monteverde Cloud Forests, and the mysterious Manuel Antonio National Park.
★Accommodation in 4-star hotels with a Certification for Sustainable Tourism
★ Nature Guide
★Max. 14 participants
★Comfortable, private transportation
★Guaranteed departures
Look forward to seeing fascinating creatures in their natural habitats, relaxing on beautiful, unspoiled beaches, and spending your nights in high-quality accommodations. Whether you dream of whitewater rafting on rapid rivers, kayaking through forests, relaxing in natural hot springs, or hiking through lush (茂盛的) rain forests—this trip has something for you!
If you have ever considered visiting the picturesque country of Costa Rica then look no further than Sprachcaffe Travel and find out everything you need to know right here. If you have any further question, our friendly and informed staff are more than willing to help!
What’s Included
★Comfortable hotels with 4 stars
★8 breakfasts, 6 dinners
★Transfers in air-conditioned (mini) bus
★Entrance fees and guided tour of Manuel Antonio National Park
★Guided visit to Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve
★Hot springs, natural pools
★El Trapiche sugar cane and coffee
★English-speaking naturalist guide throughout, local guides
1．According to the passage, what does the travel ticket include?
A．Any breakfast and dinner in hotels. B．A visit to Manual Antonio National Park.
C．Transfers in air-conditioned private cars. D．The money you give waiters or waitresses.
2．What can visitors do in the travel?
A．Relaxing in artificial hot springs in lush rain forest.
B．Enjoying high-quality accommodations in 5-star hotels.
C．Experiencing close contact with nature and wildlife.
D．Having awesome hiking in the impressing Arenal Volcano.
3．What is the text?
A．A news report. B．A travel journal.
C．A research article. D．An advertisement
【江苏省苏州市张家港市2021-2022学年高三下学期开学考试】
Jackhorn Kentucky, a small village in the Appalachian Mountains, is deep in coal country. But with coal jobs disappearing and unemployment at record highs, this community has found a reason to hope. A bakeshop with an unusual name, Black Sheep Brick Oven Bakery, is providing steady employment and job training skills to local residents.
The bakery is a community-owned social enterprise that is focused on providing jobs for workers displaced(免职)by the coal mining industry,people in recovery,and others who need a new start in life. It started as a volunteer driven initiative(倡议)as part of the successful “Back to Our Appalachian Roots” project. Through the project, workers can learn traditional mountain skills like blacksmithing, quilting, and mountain cooking.
“There is nothing like bread baked in the hearth,” Gwen Johnson, the co-founder and manager of the bakery said.“It feeds the body and seems familiar even if you have never before tasted it.” The name of the bakery and catering company was borrowed from a local shop according to Johnson. But the shop didn’t mind it.
The reasons why the community needs the social enterprise go back to the beginning of coal mining in America. Generations of Appalachian residents worked in the coal mines and it was a source of pride as well as the primary employer in the area. But coal mining is back-breaking work with a huge amount of injuries, accidents and diseases like black lung. Today, there are very few coal jobs left in the area due to automation and the reduction of power plants that are coal-fed. Poverty has become a major problem in the area.
The Black Sheep Brick Oven Bakery is working to turn this around. It is a model of giving people second chances and has become a successful business. Johnson said “We have created an inclusive place of love and belonging for whoever wants to come. I was always a black sheep in my family, which gave me a heart for others.”
4．What is the bakery intended to do according to Paragraph 2?
A．To offer bread to displaced miners. B．To develop workers’ mountain skills.
C．To replace the traditional coal industry. D．To help the locals in need earn a living
5．How did the bakery get its name?
A．The bakery was named after its co-founder. B．The bakery adopted the community’s name.
C．The name was an inspiration from a local shop. D．The name was voted by the community workers.
6．What does the underlined word “back-breaking” probably mean?
A．Tough. B．Popular. C．Worthy. D．Urgent.
7．What could be the best title for the text?
A．The Secret of a Man’s Success B．A Bakery Brings Hope to a Village
C．The Popularity of a New Enterprise D．Coal Jobs are Disappearing in America
【江苏省苏州市张家港市2021-2022学年高三下学期开学考试】
Computer scientists at the University of Waterloo have created a device for wearable computer input suitable for many situations. You can control it easily just by touching your fingertips together in different ways. The device, called Tip-Tap, is inexpensive and battery-free through the use of radio frequency identification (RFID)tags to sense when fingertips touch.
The device could，therefore, be added to surgical（外科手术的）gloves, allowing surgeons to access the planning diagrams in an operating room. "One of the many possible applications of the device is in surgeries. What typically happens now with digital operation plans is that an assistant is responsible for navigating（导航）the computer and communicating with the surgeon, but this is slow and difficult," said Daniel Vogel, a professor in Computer Science. "If the surgeon tries to navigate it himself using a touchscreen or a mouse, it's difficult because it would require constant cleaning of the hands. The idea is if you wear Tip-Tap in surgical gloves, surgeons could navigate the computer themselves from where they are, and it won't affect their other actions."
In developing Tip-Tap, the researchers mapped the most comfortable areas on the index finger for people to touch with their thumb, and tested different designs. Following user tests, they solved the problem of making it "battery-free".
"We used this design in two prototype Tip-Tap devices, a glove with a range of four meters and an on-skin tattoo," said Vogel. Such devices are useful for issuing simple commands when a user cannot easily hold an input device, and the usage context is a defined（界定的）area—for example，factory workers，surgeons，or people exercising in a gym. "This is the only device of its kind that we're aware of that doesn't require a battery or wires to make it work."
8．What do we know about Tip-Tap from Paragraph 1?
A．It is powered by a battery. B．It is designed to assist surgeons.
C．It is operated by fingertip touch. D．It is equipped with a light sensor.
9．What benefits does Tip-Tap bring to surgeons during the operation?
A．They can clean hands without removing gloves.
B．They can navigate a computer without a mouse.
C．They can rely on it to give instructions to assistants.
D．They can employ it to design the planning diagrams.
10．What did researchers do to develop Tip-Tap?
A．They made the device battery-free by trial and error.
B．They upgraded the radio frequency identification tags.
C．They made the device suitable for every finger on a hand.
D．They mapped ideal areas on the thumb for people to touch.
11．What might be a potential drawback to Tip-Tap?
A．It requires wires to work properly. B．It cannot be added to surgical gloves.
C．It is not comfortable for users to wear. D．It can only be applied in certain contexts.
【江苏省苏州市张家港市2021-2022学年高三下学期开学考试】
If you’re not at least a bit terrified by the climate and ecological breakdown unfolding before our eyes, you haven’t grasped the scale of the crisis. Eco-anxiety, defined as “a chronic(长期的)fear of environmental doom”, is on the rise. But redirecting this anxiety into anger and collective action might just pull humanity back from the brink.
We don’t yet know how deeply eco-anxiety affects people, but we can learn not to repeat the mistakes of long-gone societies lost to environmental collapse. Jared Diamond’s Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed uncovers the common driver that led to the fall of ancient civilizations such as the Central American Mayan, the remote Pacific Easter Island, and the Mycenae: People accidentally destroyed the environmental resources on which their societies depended.
Today, we are living in a new climate and ecological age. The new normal is one that humans have never before experienced on earth, and that has occurred within a single generation. We can’t claim ignorance. Numerous scientific reports show: unprecedented(空前的)wildfires in the Arctic, heatwaves annually breaking records, the Amazon shrinking and drying, and species extinction rates accelerating. Nature’s dangerous decline is unprecedented.
So, it’s not surprising that eco-anxiety is on the rise. Anxiety is often a private emotional state: We feel alone, stuck inside our own heads, and our emotions stop us from doing the things we want. But anger, directed appropriately, can fuel powerful collective action for change.
We are on a pathway to destroy the global conditions for human survival. Unlike previous civilizations, we have the science and technology to understand our danger and chart a new pathway. This is a moment for all of us to channel our eco-anxiety, fear and anger into energy for change.
12．Which of the following best describes “eco-anxiety”?
A．Uncertainty about the future. B．Anxiety about modern civilization.
C．Fear of changes in the living standard. D．Worries about the destruction of nature.
13．Why are some ancient civilizations mentioned in Paragraph 2?
A．To warn people to learn a lesson from the past.
B．To prove the importance of ancient civilizations.
C．To present the collapse of ancient civilizations.
D．To add some background information on eco-anxiety.
14．Why is eco-anxiety on the rise?
A．People lack the knowledge about nature. B．Nature is in its most dangerous state ever.
C．Climate issues can’t be solved effectively. D．People have limited access to natural resources.
15．How does the author feel about the global conditions for humans in the future?
A．Frustrated. B．Doubtful. C．Hopeful. D．Concerned.
阅读理解【江苏省苏州市2021-2022学年高三上学期学业质量阳光指标调研】
There is a kind of woman in the world who has the ability to accomplish the difficult challenges of their own life and to inspire others to achieve great things. They’re strong and independent, wise and successful, talented and brave, and can teach all of us a lot.
Still Alice

In this film, we can catch a glimpse of a family’s relationships, fears, concerns and struggles. The film’s main character Alice, aged 50, copes bravely with Alzheimer’s disease: she’s the perfect example of an iron-willed woman.
Julianne Moore’s amazing performance adds extra charm to this character.
Erin Brockovich

The film is about Erin Brockovich, a strong yet easily-hurt woman, but ordinary weakness is not allowed in her situation. She may not be a genius, but her persistence and concern for others allow her to achieve the impossible: a victory over a powerful and major corporation that is literally poisoning people.
When you are about to give up on something, simply watch this movie for motivation.
The Devil Wears Prada

As assistant to impossibly demanding New York fashion magazine editor Miranda Priestly, young Andy Sachs has landed a job that “a million girls would die for.” Unfortunately, her heaven-sent appointment as Miranda’s assistant just might be the death of her!
There’s a very classic line in the film: Let me know when your whole life goes up in smoke. That means it’s time for a promotion.
Mona Lisa Smile

This movie teaches you about dignity, courage and persistence, and the central theme is learning to have a mind of your own.
Katherine Watson is a recent UCLA graduate hired to teach art history at the all-female Wellesley College, in 1953. Determined to face up to the outdated customs of society, Katherine inspires her traditional students to challenge the lives they are expected to lead.
1．Which film would you recommend to your grandmother if she were seriously ill?
A．Erin Brockovich. B．Still Alice. C．Mona Lisa Smile. D．The Devil Wears Prada.
2．What does the film Erin Brockovich convey?
A．Never ever compromise. B．Many hands make light work.
C．Cross the bridge when you come to it. D．Don’t put the cart before the horse.
3．What do the four films have in common?
A．Winning a number of film awards. B．Singing high praise for great women.
C．Naming all these films after women. D．Fighting for women’s social status.
As people across the globe struggled with higher levels of stress, depression and anxiety this past year, many turned to their favorite comfort foods: ice cream, pizza, hamburgers. But studies in recent years suggest that the high-sugar and high-fat foods when we are stressed or depressed, as comforting as they may seem, are the least likely to benefit our mental health. Instead, whole foods such as vegetables, fruit, fish, eggs, nuts may be a better bet.
Historically, nutrition research has focused largely on how the foods we eat affect our physical health, rather than our mental health, though. Over the years, large population studies have found that people assigned to follow a Mediterranean diet for three months had greater reductions in symptoms of depression after three months compared to a control group.
Public health experts around the world have started encouraging people to adopt lifestyle behaviors like exercise, sound sleep, a heart-healthy diet and avoiding smoking that may reduce inflammation (发炎) and have benefits for the brain. Individual clinicians are already including nutrition into their work with patients. Dr. Drew Ramsey, a clinical professor at the Columbia University, begins his meetings with new patients by exploring their diet. He asks what they eat, learns their favorite foods, and finds out if foods that he considers important for the connection are missing from their diets, such as plants, seafood.
Dr. Ramsey said he does not wat people to think that the only factor involved in brain heath is food. “Lots of people get their food exactly right, live very active lives, and still have significant troubles with their mental health,” he said. But he also teaches people that food can be empowering. “We can’t control our genes,” he said. “But we can control how we eat, and that gives people actionable things that they can do to take care of their brain health on a daily basis.”
4．What do previous nutrition studies mainly focus on?
A．How our diets affect our mental health. B．How our diets affect our physical health.
C．How our mental health affects our diets. D．How our physical health affects our diets.
5．Why are individual clinicians including nutrition into their work with patients?
A．They try to cater to their patients’ needs.
B．They are questioning public health experts.
C．They want to prove the effectiveness of healthy diets.
D．They have accepted the findings of large population studies.
6．Which of the following might Dr. Ramsey agree with?
A．Some connection exists between our diets and mental health.
B．People can control their genes as well as how they eat.
C．People living active lives will not have mental problems.
D．Eating a healthy diet is going to cure depression.
7．What is the main idea of the text?
A．People with anxiety usually turn to food for comfort.
B．The daily diet is the factor connected with brain health.
C．Controlling the way we eat is likely to benefit our mental health.
D．Having a high-sugar diet can reduce symptoms of depression.
The remains of a gold mask are among a huge quantity of 3,000-year-old artifacts (文物) found at an archaeological (考古的) site in China’s Sichuan province.
Weighing about 280 grams and estimated to be made from 84% gold, the ceremonial mask is one of over 500 items unearthed from six newly discovered “sacrificial pits” (祭祀坑), according to the country’s National Cultural Heritage Administration.
The finds were made at Sanxingdui, a 4.6-square-mile area outside the provincial capital of Chengdu. Some experts say the items may shine further light on the ancient Shu state, a kingdom that ruled in the western Sichuan basin before 316 BC．
In addition to the gold mask, archaeologists uncovered bronzes (青铜器) and artifacts made from other materials such as bone. The six pits also contained an as-yet-unopened wooden box and a bronze container with owl-shaped patterning.
More than 50,000 ancient artifacts have been found at Sanxingdui since the 1920s, when a local farmer accidentally came upon some remains at the site. A major breakthrough occurred in 1986, with the discovery of two ceremonial pits containing over 1,000 items, including delicate and well-preserved bronze masks. Discoveries made at the site date back to the 12th and 11th centuries BC．
Sanxingdui has completely revolutionized experts’ understanding of how civilization developed in ancient China. In particular, evidence of a unique Shu culture suggests that the kingdom developed independently of neighboring societies in the Yellow River Valley, which was traditionally considered to be the birthplace of Chinese civilization.
Though not yet recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Sanxingdui is on the organization’s list for possible future inclusion. Along with other Shu archaeological sites, it is credited by the UN agency as “an outstanding representative of the Bronze Age Civilization of China, East Asia and even the world.”
8．What does the underlined phrase “shine further light on” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Make greater progress in. B．Have a deeper influence on.
C．Provide more information about. D．Engage more attention to.
9．Why is the discovery of Sanxingdui so unique?
A．It changes experts’ understanding of how Chinese civilization developed.
B．It confirms that the Shu Kingdom developed in the Yellow River Valley.
C．It implies that the Yellow River Valley is the birthplace of Chinese civilization.
D．It shows Sanxingdui symbolizes a fundamental change in Chinese society.
10．What does paragraph 5 mainly deal with?
A．Sanxingdui’s history of discovery. B．The world’s recognition of Sanxingdui.
C．The difficulty in discovering Sanxingdui. D．The preservation of Sanxingdui’s remains.
11．Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?
A．Sanxingdui Accidentally Discovered by a Local Farmer
B．3,000-year-old Gold Mask Uncovered in Southwest China
C．Outstanding Representatives of the Bronze Age Kingdom
D．New Addition to the List of UNESCO World Heritage Sites
【江苏省苏州市2021-2022学年高三上学期学业质量阳光指标调研】
Zoologists studied the nervous systems of insects to investigate principles of biological brain computation and possible effects on machine learning and artificial intelligence. Specifically, they analysed how insects learn to associate sensory information in their environment with a food reward, and how they can recall this information later in order to solve complex tasks such as the search for food.
Living organisms show remarkable abilities in coping with problems posed by complex and dynamic environments. They are able to generalize their experiences in order to rapidly adapt their behaviour when the environment changes. The zoologists investigated how the nervous system of the fruit fly controls its behaviour when searching for food.
Using a computer model, they simulated and analysed the computations in the fruit fly’s nervous system in response to scents (气味) coming from the food source. They initially trained their model of the fly brain in exactly the same way as insects are trained in experiments. They presented a specific scent in the simulation together with a reward and a second scent without a reward.
“The model rapidly learns a strong representation of the rewarded scent after just a few scent presentations and is then able to find the source of this scent in a complex environment,” said computer scientist Dr Hannes Rapp, who created the model.
The model created is thus capable to generalize from its memory and to apply what it has learned previously in a completely new and complex environment, while learning required only a very small database of training samples.
The results suggest that the transformation of sensory information into memories in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applications to solving complex tasks.
12．What is the ultimate aim of the research?
A．To investigate principles of biological brain computation.
B．To solve problems in simulated complex environments.
C．To analyse how insects search for food in complex environment.
D．To promote machine learning and AI applications.
13．How did zoologists mainly carry out their research?
A．By observing fruit flies. B．By performing lab experiments.
C．By using a computer model. D．By carrying out field research.
14．What is mainly discussed about the study in paragraphs 3-5?
A．Its findings. B．Its process. C．Its importance. D．Its application.
15．What does the result of this study imply?
A．Artificial intelligence is applied to the study of insect brain.
B．Food reward is connected with information transformation.
C．Sensory information can be applied to solving complex tasks.
D．Studying living organisms can make a difference to AI research.
阅读理解【江苏省南通市基地学校2021-2022学年高三下学期3月份大联考】
Campsites with availability for this summer
Drymen Camping
This back-to-basics campsite is the first overnight stop for walkers tackling the 96 -mile West Highland Way from Milngavie to Fort William. The tree dotted field has 30 tent pitches, and space for a few campervans, plus hot showers and proper toilets. It is within driving distance of the small town of Drymen.
Grass pitch from £18for 2, extra adult/child £9/£7
Treberfedd Farm
Over the past 11 years, the owners Treberfedd Farm have switched to organic farming, a process that has included planting more than 16.000 trees, and managing fields to provide habitats for wildlife. They have also branched out into holiday accommodation. There are now eight camping pitches. Guests can buy the farm's own vegetables, fruits beef and lamb at reception. It is a 20-minute drive to the beaches of Cardigan Bay.
Pitches from £35 a night for up to 4
Walkmill Campsite
Hidden away on a 10% acre smallholding encircled by the River Coquet, Walkmill is a quiet site with 10 pitches for tents and nine for caravans; basic facilities also include a shared kitchen and lounge area. There are woodland walks on the doorstep, including a 30-minute walk to Warkworth Castle.
Tent pitch £15 a night plus adult £5 and child £3
The Big Sky Hideaway
The Big Sky Hideaway is the latest idea from adventurer and founder of the “YesTribe" community, Dave Cornthwaite and his wife, Emne: A crowdfunding campaign helped launch the project, which offers 15 camping pitches and other unusual choices. They aim to plant 2,000 trees on the 14-acre site too. Everything is designed to allow people to stay socially distanced and will be open when restrictions allow
Camping from £21.20 a night for 2
1．What is special about Treberfedd Farm?
A．It has camping pitches for hire.”
B．It is home to thousands of tees.
C．It offers its farm produce for sale.
D．It is easily accessible for campers.
2．How much should a couple with an 8-year-old pay for a night in Walkmill Campsite?
A．£15. B．£27. C．£28. D．£38.
3．Which campsite is suitable for social distancing'?
A．Drymen Camping. B．Treberfedd Farm.
C．Walkmill Campsite. D．The Big Sky Hideaway.
B【江苏省南通市基地学校2021-2022学年高三下学期3月份大联考】
52-year-old Chinese coral biologist Huang Hui has spent half her life recreating the spectacular scene in her memory: vast stretches of Colorful corals thriving on the seabed of the South China Sea.
Covering less than two-thousandth of the space in the ocean, coral reefs provider shelter for more than a quarter of the world's sea creatures. However, the coral cover area has been declining in the past few decades. Global warming is the reason for the decline adding impact to other human activities such as over-exploitation and coastal development.
Xisha Islands in the South China sea was once a paradise for fish and sea plants. It is now silent in the water there because the coral reefs are in critical situation. To help the coral community recover, Huang decided to plant corals under the sea. Huang and her team first bred coral seedlings in a nursery, and then transplanted them to the seabed. Different types of corals were chosen according to the various seabed conditions.
However, growing corals on the seafloor is not an easy job weather conditions are one of the most major variables that influence coral planting. Wave, height 2 meters or more can be dangerous, because the divers find moving around underwater difficult and the small diving boat can easily be blown away.
Seasickness is another great challenge.“The journey to a coral plantation area usually takes four days, but it took six days last time because of the strong wind. 1just lay in the bed and moved up and down with the boat, which made me feel sick,” she said.
Their efforts have paid off. Since 2000, Huang and her team have planted 120,000 to 150,000 corals, covering 20,000 square meters of seabed of the South China Sea.
“The underwater ecosystem needs time to recover. Planting corals is only the first step in restoring the underwater ecology. We need time to plant more,” said Huang. “Hopefully, the corals will gradually become a forest and the fish will come back.”
4．What has happened to corals?
A．They have come under threat. B．They have returned to normal
C．They have lost their past color. D．They have almost been extinct
5．What challenge will Huang face in coral plantation?
A．The choice of coral seedlings B．Dangerous diving conditions.
C．The rise in Water temperatures. D．Homesickness in the sea water.
6．Which of the following words can best describe Huang?
A．Generous and caring. B．Curious and responsible.
C．Stressed and anxious. D．Devoted and optimistic.
7．What can be the best tit for the text?
A．A conservation advocate B．The disappearing corals
C．Restoring paradise D．Sowing seeds of love
Crows (乌鸦) are incredibly smart. Researchers have already discovered that these dark birds possess primary consciousness- the ability possessed by humans and some primates to integrate memories to think in terms of past and present. A recent study expands the wealth of knowledge on these clever creatures. In the study, researchers discovered that crows can comprehend the concept of zero.
The concept of "none", or the absence of any quantity, which emerged earlier than the concept of zero, differs from using zero as a distinct “quantity", in and of itself. Zero is actually a rather recent mathematical invention. This makes the crow's newly discovered ability all the more impressive.
Going into their experiment,' the researchers at the University of Fubiggen in Germany knew that crows have certain neurons(神经元) which light up when they see certain quantities displayed. One dot fires a certain neuron, two another, three another, and four yet another, It was therefore already known that crows could distinguish these quantities from one another.
To test whether crows could comprehend zero as a numerical value, the researchers showed crows two displays of dots (点), each display containing between zero and four. The crows were trained to indicate if the two displays showed the same value. While they did this, researchers observed how their brains responded. When the crows saw "zero" dots, their brains tired a new neuron recognizing new “quantity."
Sometimes the birds made mistakes, identifying two displays as representing the same quantity. “Where zero was concerned, the bird more often confused it for displays with one dot than those with two or more," said co-author Andreas Nieder. “This effect would only be expected if crows can understand the empty set as the smallest numerical value on the number line."
8．What has a recent study found about crows?
A．They possess the past memories. B．They master some number skills.
C．They are remarkably intelligent birds. D．They understand the meaning of zero.
9．What does the underlined "This" in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?
A．The origin of the concept of zero. B．The creation of zero as a number.
C．The earlier appearance of “none”. D．The existence of “none" in maths.
10．How did the researchers carry out their study?
A．By analyzing the previous data B．By monitoring crows' brain activity.
C．By displaying dots with the same value . D．By predicting crows' patterns of behavior,
11．What can be learned from Andreas Nieder's words?
A．The crows' performance comes as no surprise.
B．It's incredible that crows can recognize zero.
C．The crows' mistakes are beyond expectation.
D．It's impossible for crows to confuse zero with one dot.
D【江苏省南通市基地学校2021-2022学年高三下学期3月份大联考】
An international research team led by scientists from Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore has developed a material, when coated on a glass window panel, can automatically respond to changing temperatures by switching between heating and cooling, helping to cut energy usage.
The newly developed material for electrochromic (电致变色) window is designed to block infrared radiation (红外线) , which is the primary component of sunlight that gives off heat. The researchers claim the material could block up to 70 percent of infrared adiation, while allowing up to 90 percent of visible light to pass through. In addition, it is about3Qpercent more effective in managing heat than commercially available electrochromic windows, and is cheaper to make due to its durability (耐用性).
However, current electrochromic windows are only effective in blocking visible light, not the infrared radiation, so heat continues to pass through them. And they are not able to manage both heating and cooling the same time. The researchers also note that another drawback of the current technology is its durability, as they tend to degrade within three to five years.
The NTU research team believes that the new electrochromic technology can help conserve energy that will be used for the heating and cooling of buildings and could contribute to the future design of sustainable green building. "This innovation fills the missing gap between traditional smart windows and radiative cooling by paving a new research direction to reduce energy consumption, said co author Professor Gang Tan from the University of Wyoming, USA．
A Singapore patent has been filed for the innovation. As the next steps, the research team is aiming to achieve even higher energy- saving performance by working on the design of their nanocomposite (纳米复合材料) coating. The research team has partnered with an innovative glass manufacturer (制造商) for further test and to look at potentially incorporating the smart window into its projects for improved efficiency and sustainabilty.
12．What is the feature of the newly developed material?
A．It is energy-saving. B．It is cost-ineffective.
C．It generates heat in itself. D．It blocks rays completely.
13．What is the disadvantage of current electrochromic windows?
A．They can give off harmful rays. B．They can block infrared radiation.
C．They cannot cool rooms very well. D．They cannot be used for five years.
14．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．The future research on green buildings. B．The significance of the new technology.
C．The functions of the new smart window. D．The possible application of the innovation
15．What will the researchers do next?
A．Test the performance of visible light. B．Plan mass production of the windows.
C．Evaluate the outcome of their project. D．Create more energy efficient coating.
阅读理解【江苏省六校2021-2022学年高三下学期期初联合调研】
Cheney School is a popular, high performing school located in the heart of Oxford serving a diverse community of students who are eager to learn. The school is looking to add to its bank of exam invigilators (监考人), who will be employed on a casual basis to watch over students taking both mock(模拟) and actual GCSE / GCE exams, as necessary throughout the school year.
Full training will be provided and staff will be contacted before the exam period to discuss the invigilation schedule in relation to their own availability.
We are looking for people who
*have a command of Microsoft Word, Excel, PowerPoint
*have effective written communication skills
* are reliable and punctual
*are able to solve problems and keep calm under pressure
*enjoy working as part of a team
We can offer you
*€10.19 per hour
*reduced tuition fees for your kids
*a housing allowance
*shuttle service
If you would like to find out more, please contact Ms Marie-Anne Fischer at mf@cheney.oxon.sch.uk, or by telephone on 01865 5755270.
How to apply: Please download an application form from the school’s vacancy website: http://www.cheney.oxon.sch.uk/lnvigilators.
21．What does Cheney School offer its invigilators?
A．Flexible working hours. B．Free staff dormitories.
C．A transportation allowance. D．Free schooling for their kids.
22．What is required of the applicants?
A．Designing a mock exam paper. B．Passing the GCSE or GCE exam.
C．Being able to use office software. D．Enjoying working independently.
23．What will you have to do if you are interested in the job?
A．Prepare for the interview. B．Fill in an application form.
C．Apply for relevant training. D．Contact the school online or by telephone.
The Omicron Covid variant has been found to multiply about 70 times quicker than the original and Delta versions of coronavirus in tissue samples taken from the bronchus(支气管), the main tubes from the windpipe to the lungs, in laboratory experiments that could help explain its rapid transmission.
The study, by a team from the University of Hong Kong, also found that the new variant grew 10 times slower in lung tissue, which the authors said could be an indicator of lower disease severity.
Michael Chan, who led the work, said the result needed to be interpreted with caution because severe disease is determined not only by how quickly the virus replicates(复制) but also by a person’s immune response. “It is also noted that by infecting many more people, a very infectious virus may cause more severe disease and death even though the virus itself may be less pathogenic(致病的),” he said. “Therefore, taken together with our recent studies showing that the Omicron variant can partially escape immunity from vaccines and past infection, the overall threat from the Omicron variant is likely to be very significant.”
Jeremy Kamil, an associate professor of microbiology and immunology at Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, pointed out that Delta, which turned out to be more pathogenic, showed a similar pattern of replicating more slowly in the lungs. “These authors found Omicron replicates fantastically well--even far better than either Delta or the original virus--in bronchial tissue,” Kamil said. “This could in some ways contribute to an advantage in transmission between people.”
Kamil added, “Of course, a huge component of Omicron’s transmissibility in real life is going to be its potential to escape neutralising antibodies that protect against infection in the first place. It’s very likely spreading well even between vaccinated people, especially those who haven’t recently gotten a booster shot.”
The findings, together with other recent work showing Omicron infects cells more readily, add to an emerging picture that the variant may be intrinsically more transmissible in addition to escaping existing immunity.
24．What is the kind of the passage?
A．A news report. B．A science fiction.
C．A health guide. D．A medicine advertisement.
25．What could Jeremy Kamil agree with?
A．We should take the result seriously.
B．Omicron may cause more severe disease and death.
C．Both Omicron and Delta grew slowly in the lungs.
D．Those who have gotten a booster shot won’t be infected.
26．What can we learn about Omicron?
A．It is a new variant of Delta.
B．Delta is less pathogenic than it.
C．Vaccinated people needn’t worry about it.
D．It may pose a great threat to people’s health.
27．According to the passage, which of the following may cause Omicron’s transmissibility?
A．That many people haven’t been vaccinated.
B．That many people refused to wears masks in public.
C．That Omicron infects lung cells much more quickly.
D．That existing immunity plays a poor part in fighting Omicron.
【江苏省六校2021-2022学年高三下学期期初联合调研】
Whether you’re likely to choose coffee or green tea for your morning boost could be determined by your genes, a recent study found.
To examine genetic associations with food preferences, researchers studied the genetic data and food preferences of more than 160,000 people in Japan. The research found genetic links for 13 dietary habits including consumption of alcohol, other drinks and foods, and also complex human diseases such as cancer and diabetes.
“We know that what we eat defines what we are, but we found that what we are also defines what we eat,” said Yukinori Okada, who is one of the researchers.
The researchers used data from the BioBank Japan Project, launched in 2003 with a goal to provide evidence for the implementation of personalized medicine. The project collects DNA and clinical information, including items related to participants’ lifestyles such as dietary habits, which were recorded through interviews and questionnaires.
They found nine genetic locations that were associated with consuming coffee, tea, alcohol, yogurt, cheese, natto, tofu, fish, vegetables and meat. Those who ate more fish, natto, tofu and vegetables had a genetic variant that made them more sensitive to umami tastes, best described as savory or “meaty” flavors. Variants responsible for the ability to taste bitter flavors were also observed. This association was found among people who liked to eat tofu; while those without the variant consume less alcohol or none at all.
In order to find whether any of these genetic markers associated with food were also linked with disease, the researchers conducted a phenome study. The phenome involves all the possible observable traits of DNA, known as phenotypes. Six of the genetic markers associated with food were also related to at least one disease phenotype, including several types of cancer as well as type 2 diabetes.
Given all the findings that genetic differences influence not only responses to foods but preferences as well, experts think considering them can help nutritionists personalize diets to each person’s needs and tastes while still hitting nutritional requirements. Thus, further research is needed, as Okada said, “By estimating individual differences in dietary habits from genetics, we can help create a healthier society.”
28．How does the author begin the text?
A．By providing an example. B．By offering an argument.
C．By presenting a conclusion. D．By making an assumption.
29．What can we know about the BioBank Japan Project?
A．It found nine genetic locations.
B．It provided data for this research.
C．It wanted to achieve personalized medicine.
D．It was aimed at collecting DNA of all participants.
30．Which is TRUE about a person who eats more fish and natto?
A．He consumes less alcohol.
B．He is more sensitive to meaty flavor.
C．He is likely to eat more yogurt and cheese.
D．His ability to taste bitter flavors will be improved.
31．What’s Okada’s attitude to the personalized diets?
A．Supportive. B．Doubtful.
C．Indifferent. D．Negative.
D【江苏省六校2021-2022学年高三下学期期初联合调研】
It was late on a Thursday evening in Austin, Texas, and I had just finished my shift downtown waiting tables. I hopped into my truck and headed away from the chaos to my own personal oasis, Dan’s Depot. It was on a four-lane road that went straight from the heart of Austin to West Texas. Once, Dan’s Depot had been outside of the city. But with Austin’s population growing and the city’s expansion, it was swallowed up by high-rise buildings and skyscrapers.
I’ve been familiar with Dan’s Depot since I played my first show there. Like most waiters in Austin, I’m actually a musician. The woman who welcomes customers is Dan’s wife Maude.
I slid my truck into the last free spot and headed to the door. “How’s it going, Maude?” I asked.
“David, I just don’t know what we’re going to do,” she said. “Our contract with the landlord is up for renewal at the end of the month, and he has doubled the rent. Even if we charged twice as much for the snacks and shows, we could never make ends meet.”
My heart dropped. On some level, I’d been expecting to hear this news for as long as I’d been coming to Dan’s Depot. After all, Dan’s Depot was now sandwiched between a shop selling yoga pants to people who could afford personal trainers and a luxury furniture store where even a simple dining chair cost more than $1,000. How could this little live music joint survive with those kinds of neighbors?
“What are you going to do with this place? Are you moving?” I asked.
She shook her head slowly. “I just don’t know. Dan and I are not as young as we used to be.”
I patted her on the shoulder and made my way to the tables near the stage. Memories sprung up in my mind. Most of my musical ideas came to me while I was watching live shows here at Dan’s Depot. When the song ended, I got up and went back to Maude.
“How about I run the new Dan’s Depot?” I asked her. She stared at me, surprised.
“Hear me out,” I said. “I’ve got enough money to go in with you and Dan as a third partner. I know the Texas music scene in and out, and I can get the best new bands in here every week. We’ll move it way down South Congress Avenue, where it’s still close enough to be accessible from downtown but the rent is more affordable. And most importantly, this place means a lot to me.”
Maude was still staring at me silently. I began to grow uneasy. Had I offended her? I started apologizing. She cut me off with a huge embrace. “Honey, I think that’s a fantastic idea.”
32．The underlined word “oasis” in Paragraph 1 refers to a place where the author ________.
A．parks his truck B．works full-time
C．grabs a meal at night D．finds joy and relaxation
33．Why did the author say he had long expected to hear the news Maude told him?
A．He had felt the sandwiches in Dan’s Depot were too expensive.
B．He had thought Dan’s Depot was out of tune with its surroundings.
C．He had pointed out the management of Dan’s Depot was inefficient.
D．He had suggested Dan and Maude should retire early and enjoy their lives.
34．What does the author advise Maude to do?
A．Sell Dan’s Depot to him. B．Hire him as a lead singer.
C．Find another way to run the business. D．Advertise for a third partner.
35．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．The power of music B．Old traditions die hard
C．My respect for Maude D．Every end is a new beginning