专题01 阅读理解（第04期）-2022届新高考名校英语好题速递分项汇编

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专题01 阅读理解（第04期）-2022届新高考名校英语好题速递分项汇编
阅读【湖北新高考9 N联盟2021-2022学年高三上学期新起点联考】
WHAT'S ON
Digital art class
Tap into the unlimited inspiration of the natural materials,colors and forms to be found in Museum Victoria’s diverse collection.
Whether you are a beginner,expert or somewhere in between,this creative studio class introduces digital art technologies and skills in a relaxed environment. Participants create extraordinary artworks working individually on iPads. Exploratory approaches allow participants to enjoy visual creativity, whatever their previous experience and level of skill in sketching, painting and digital design.
Digital Art Class takes place in Melbourne Museum’s Learning Lab Studio. Each month’s class is themed to explore a different aspect of Museums Victoria’s collections.
Classes have a maximum capacity of 16 participants and is suitable for teens 16+ and adults. Simply bring your creativity – all equipment is provided.
Museum entry is not included in your Digital Art Class ticket. If you would like to explore the Melbourne Museum before the class, please ensure you book a ticket.
WORKSHOP
TUESDAY 27 APRIL,11&25 MAY,8&22 JUNE
4PM-5.30PM
Adults and teens 16+
Adult $35
Privilege $32
Member $30
1．Where is the digital art class?
A．In Museum Victoria. B．In The British Museum.
C．In Victoria and Albert Museum. D．In Melbourne Museum.
2．What can we learn from the text?
A．The class is intended for people of all ages.
B．You needn’t bring your iPad to attend the class.
C．Painting experience is needed for people to attend the class.
D．You can visit the museum with your class ticket.
3．Where is the passage most probably taken from?
A．A novel. B．A newspaper.
C．A webpage. D．A report.
【答案】1．D2．B3．C
【解析】本文是应用文，介绍了墨尔本博物馆的数码艺术课程的内容，时间及票价。
1.细节理解题。根据第三段的“Digital Art Class takes place in Melbourne Museum’s Learning Lab Studio.”可知在墨尔本博物馆的学习实验室工作室上数码艺术课。故选D项。
2.细节理解题。根据第四段的“Simply bring your creativity – all equipment is provided.”可知此课程提供所有设备，不必带Ipad上课。故选B项。
3.推理判断题。根据文章大标题WHAT’S ON 可知，这种形式最有可能出现在网页上，因此推断文章最有可能来自网页。故选C项。
Jeremy and his wife Jennifer had recently moved to South Texas because of their love for nature. At the moment, they were living in a trailer(拖车) for the house was still under repair.
On a steamy Sunday morning in May, the couple were tidying their yard. At around 10:30 a.m., Jeremy began mowing the lawn while Jennifer worked on the garden. She had just reached down to grab a weed when she saw it : a western diamondback rattlesnake, right next to her hand. Jennifer leaped up as the snake, a yard long, rose into striking position, its dusty triangular head tensed and its tail rattling. “Snake!” yelled Jennifer as she backed away.
When Jeremy heard her cry, he figured she had run into one of the harmless rat snakes that often showed up on their land. He grabbed a shovel to shoo(用嘘声驱赶) the creature away and jogged around the house to the garden. Then he heard the rattling. His wife was cornered between some shrubs and the house, the snake directly in her path.
Jeremy first tried to scoop up the rattler using the shovel, without success. Then he did what was necessary: He raised the garden tool and brought the edge down hard through the snake’s body, an inch and a half below the head to cut off its head. Then Jennifer went into the house, her heart hammering, while Jeremy decided to move the dead reptile. He bent down to pick up a stick lying next to the snake’s head so that he could take it away. But before his hand even touched the ground, the snake attacked. The snake injected venom(毒液) into his hand.
“It bit me!” he yelled in horror. The truth is, the back-from-the-dead bites aren’t uncommon. Hearing his yell, Jennifer ran back into the trailer to get the car keys and meanwhile called 911. Fortunately, they arrived at the nearest hospital in time and Jeremy received timely treatment.
4．Why did the couple choose to live in a trailer?
A．Because they loved nature.
B．Because they moved to South Texas.
C．Because their house was being repaired.
D．Because it was convenient for them to travel.
5．Which one is correct according to the context?
A．Rattlesnake was very common on their land.
B．Jennifer spotted the snake when she was weeding.
C．The snake was so frightened that it attacked Jennifer.
D．Jennifer thought the snake was not poisonous at first.
6．What did they do with the snake?
A．They drove it away using a stick.
B．They left it as it was when seeing it.
C．They called professionals to deal with it.
D．Jeremy beat it dead with a garden tool.
7．What is the author’s purpose in writing the test?
A．To show the couple’s love of nature.
B．To share a thrilling story with readers.
C．To call on us to protect the environment.
D．To introduce some ways to deal with snakes.
【答案】4．C5．B6．D7．B
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了杰里米和他的妻子詹妮弗在院子花园里遇到响尾蛇并与之斗争的激动人心的故事。
4．细节理解题。由第一段最后一句 “At the moment, they were living in a trailer(拖车) for the house was still under repair.(当时，他们住在一辆拖车里，因为房子还在维修中。)”可知, 因为他们的房子正在修理，所以住在拖车里。故选C。
5．细节理解题。由第二段第三句“She had just reached down to grab a weed when she saw it : a western diamondback rattlesnake, right next to her hand. (她刚伸手去抓一根草，就看到了一条西部菱形斑纹响尾蛇，就在她的手旁边。)”可知，詹妮弗在除草的时候发现了那条蛇。故选B。
6．细节理解题。由第四段第二句“Then he did what was necessary: He raised the garden tool and brought the edge down hard through the snake’s body, an inch and a half below the head to cut off its head. (然后他做了必须做的事：他举起园艺工具，用力把刀尖穿过蛇的身体，在蛇头以下一英寸半的地方，把它的头砍了下来。)”可知，杰里米用园艺工具打死了它。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据全文可知，文章讲述了杰里米和他的妻子詹妮弗在院子花园里遇到响尾蛇并与之斗争的激动人心的故事。所以作者写此文的目的是为了与读者分享一个激动人心的故事。故选B。
Six "sacrificial pits (祭祀坑)", dating back 3,200 to 4,000 years, were newly discovered in Sanxingdui Ruins site in Guanghan, Southwest China's Sichuan province. Over 500 artifacts, including gold masks, bronze wares, ivories, jades, and textiles, were unearthed from the site.
Sanxingdui site, first found in 1929, is generally considered as one of the most important archaeological sites along the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. However, large-scale excavation on the site only began in 1986, when two pits — widely believed for sacrificial ceremonies — were accidentally discovered.
Investigation in the area around No 1 and 2 pits was relaunched in October 2019, and No 3 pit was found in December 2019, according to Lei Yu, a researcher of Sichuan Provincial Cultural Relics and Archaeology Research Institute who heads the ongoing excavation. Thirty-four research universities and research institutes have cooperated in this project. He said the new discoveries will help to better understand many unexplained findings in 1986.
More excavation followed in March 2020, and five more pits were found last year. And detailed research began in October. Excavation capsules with hi-tech equipment were set up in the pits to better conserve the site.
Sanxingdui site covers an area of 12 square kilometers, and its core zone of an ancient city covers nearly 4 square kilometers. According to the National Cultural Heritage Administration, studies of Sanxingdui site will become a crucial project in an ongoing program Archaeology China, which tries to explain the origins of Chinese civilization and how diverse cultures communicate and come together.
8．What does the underlined word “excavation” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Discovery B．Dig
C．Exploration D．Expansion
9．How did archaeologists preserve the Sanxingdui site?
A．By dividing the task of excavation into several parts.
B．By cooperating with research universities and institutes.
C．By using excavation capsule armed with hi-tech equipment.
D．By conducting more investigations around the site.
10．What can we infer about the pits from the text?
A．All sacrificial sites were discovered in the meantime.
B．The excavation of Sanxingdui site only began in 1986.
C．There were altogether six sacrificial pits discovered in Sanxingdui site
D．The size of the core zone is approximately 1/3 times that of Sanxingdui site.
11．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Sacrificial pits were unearthed in Sanxingdui Site.
B．Sanxingdui Site needed to be conserved.
C．Sanxingdui discoveries cast light on ancient China.
D．Hi- tech helped to excavate Sanxingdui Site.
【答案】8．B9．C10．D11．A
【解析】本文是说明文。文章按照时间顺序着重介绍了三星堆遗址中祭祀坑的发现、发掘工作及意义。
1. 猜测词义题。该词所在句子“However, large-scale excavation on the site only began in 1986, when two pits — widely believed for sacrificial ceremonies — were accidentally discovered”（当两个祭祀坑被意外发现，三星堆大规模的挖掘工作1986年才真正开始。）再结合第一自然段最后一句话里的unearth可推测该划线词的意思是“挖掘、发掘”。A选项“发现”；B选项“挖掘；发掘”；C选项“探索；发现”；D选项“扩大；扩张”。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句话“Excavation capsules with hi-tech equipment were set up in the pits to better conserve the site.”（在坑内设置了装有高科技设备的挖掘胶囊，以更好地保存该址）可知，考古学家采用配备高科技设备的挖掘胶囊保护了三星堆遗址。故选C。
3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sanxingdui site covers an area of 12 square kilometers, and its core zone of an ancient city covers 3.6 square kilometers. ”（三星堆面积12平方公里，核心区域占地大约4平方公里，大约三分之一。）可知，核心区面积约为三星堆遗址的1/3。故选D。
4. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全文按照时间顺序着重介绍了三星堆遗址中祭祀坑的发现、发掘工作，可以确定全文关键信息为Sarificial pits, discovered ,Sangxingdui Site. A选项关键词为Sacrificial pits+unearthed; B选项关键词为Sanxingdui Site+ needed to be conserved; C选项为discoveries+cast light on; D选项为Hi-tech+helped to excavate….。综上所述，A选项能高度概括全文，故选A。
A sheet of transparent new material at a University of Maryland lab looks like it might be plastic. But it’s actually wood—and it could eventually be used to make energy-efficient windows or even see-through buildings.
"Compared to glass, wood has lower heat conductivity, and it's lighter, stronger, and more environmentally friendly," says Liangbing Hu, a materials science professor at the University of Maryland and one of the authors of a new study of the material.
The idea is to employ the material in buildings. With a window made from transparent wood instead of glass, for example, a building would take less energy to heat and cool. Because of the structure of the wood, the windows could also reduce glare from the sun while allowing in natural light.
Researchers have experimented with transparent wood in the past, but the new method is more sustainable.
Other methods usually put the wood in a chemical compound Nacl to remove lignin, part of the wood that gives it structure. But this can weaken the wood, and it produces waste that is hard to recycle. Hu and his team made slight changes to the process so it doesn't fully remove the lignin. By brushing hydrogen peroxide(过氧化物) over the wood and leaving it under a UV light, they removed only the parts of the lignin that give it color. The result is transparent wood that can be coated in epoxy(环氧树脂).
It’s just one of a number of ways scientists and engineers are rethinking how we can use this renewable resource in construction. Skyscrapers made entirely out of wood are gaining popularity in cities around the world. And scientists recently discovered a technique to grow wood in a lab, opening up the possibility of using wood without having to cut down a forest.
The transparent wood is 50% stronger than previous transparent wood and could even be used to build load-bearing walls in a building. It could also potentially be used in other ways, such as layers used in solar cells. A new company called InventWood is working to commercialize the technology.
12．Why would people like to choose transparent wood in their buildings in preference to glass?
A．It can conduct heat more quickly.
B．It is lighter and more delicate.
C．It can let light in with less heat.
D．It has higher energy consumption.
13．Compared with the experiment in the past, what is the difference of the new method?
A．The new method is less environmentally friendly.
B．The new method can make the wood weaker.
C．Researchers brushed Nacl over the wood.
D．Researchers only took away the lignin related to color.
14．Which of the following statements may the author agree with ?
A．This see-through wood can replace glass windows.
B．This see-through wood is in mass production.
C．This transparent wood has been grown in labs.
D．This transparent wood is only popular in cities.
15．What does the last paragraph mainly focus on?
A．The advantages of transparent wood.
B．The prospect of transparent wood.
C．The production of transparent wood.
D．The companies of transparent wood.
【答案】12．C13．D14．A15．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了透明木头这一新型的建筑材料的制作原理及诸多优点，并可能在其他方面的潜在用途。
12．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“wood has lower heat conductivity, and it's lighter, stronger, and more environmentally friendly (木头具有更低的热传导性，并且它更轻、更结实也更环保)”和第三段“the windows could also reduce glare from the sun while allowing in natural light (窗户也能减少阳光照射的强度，并同时让自然光照射进屋子)”可知，安装透明木材装修家受到很多人的青睐，因为它具有很多优点。故选C。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“they removed only the parts of the lignin that give it color(他们只移除了部分的让木头有颜色的木质素)”可知，跟之前的实验不一样的地方在于，这些研究者只移除了赋予木头颜色的木质素，故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据文章首段“But it’s actually wood—and it could eventually be used to make energy-efficient windows or even see-through buildings (但事实上，它是木头，并且它可以被用于制作节能型的窗户或者透视大楼)”可知，作者认为透明木头有可能取代现在的玻璃窗户。故选A。
15．主旨大意题。根据文章尾段“It could also potentially be used in other ways, such as layers used in solar cells. (它也可以有其他多种用途，比如用于太阳能电池的涂层)”可知，文章最后一段主要讲述了透明木头潜在的用途，故选B。
阅读【河北省百师联盟2021-2022学年高三上学期开学联考】
Mobile Loaves & Fishes
Mobile Loaves & Fishes (MLFY) is a social service organization that has been changing communities into a lifestyle of service with the homeless. Founded in 1998 in Austin, Texas, the organization provides services through three main programs.
Truck Ministry
Mobile Loaves & Fishes' food truck volunteers hit the streets 7 nights a week, 365 days a year to serve the homeless, delivering food, clothing, hygiene products and other life items. With the support of more than 19, 000 volunteers and over 5 million meals served, Mobile Loaves & Fishes is the largest prepared feeding program to the homeless and working poor in Austin, Texas.
Community First Village
Community First Village is a 51-acre master planned community that provides affordable, permanent housing and a supportive community for the disabled and homeless in Central Texas. Since 2005, this transformative residential program has been a part of Mobile Loaves & Fishes and has become the largest community-based model in the country lifting homeless men and women up off the streets into community and home.
Community Works
Mobile Loaves & Fishes developed the Community Works program at Community First Village. It provides job opportunities for the residents who are coming out of homelessness to earn an income. In addition, the program requests Mobile Loaves & Fishes volunteers to serve alongside and build enduring relationships with our friends as they develop new skills.
Opportunities for more volunteers
Thank you for your interest in Mobile Loaves & Fishes! We have a variety of volunteer opportunities. Please read the service requirements carefully before your application to fulfill service hours with MLF.
●Volunteer shifts are made available on a first-come, first-served basis.
●ALL volunteers under the age of 18 MUST be accompanied by an adult.
●All volunteers must wear specific clothing and shoes for that job.
●Volunteers must arrive on time or their shift will be rescheduled upon arrival.
1．What does Truck Ministry do with the homeless?
A．It removes them out of streets. B．It offers them job opportunities.
C．It provides them a permanent house. D．It delivers them more than a sandwich.
2．What do the residents of the Community Works do?
A．They become volunteers of MLF. B．They are offered work to get money.
C．They prepare food for the program. D．They build relationships with friends.
3．What is the purpose of the last part of the text?
A．To encourage donation. B．To introduce the MLF.
C．To provide new services. D．To advertise for more volunteers.
【答案】1．D2．B3．D
【解析】本文是应用文。文章是社会服务组织Mobile Loaves & Fishes招聘更多志愿者的广告。
1．细节理解题。根据Truck Ministry部分的“Mobile Loaves & Fishes' food truck volunteers hit the streets 7 nights a week, 365 days a year to serve the homeless, delivering food, clothing, hygiene products and other life items.( Mobile Loaves & Fishes的餐车志愿者每周7晚、一年365天走上街头，为无家可归者提供服务，运送食物、衣服、卫生用品和其他生活用品)”可知，Truck Ministry不仅仅为无家可归者提供三明治。故选D项。
2．细节理解题。根据Community Works部分的“It provides job opportunities for the residents who are coming out of homelessness to earn an income.(它为无家可归的居民提供了获得收入的工作机会)”可知，Community Works的居民被提供给工作赚钱。故选B项。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Thank you for your interest in Mobile Loaves & Fishes! We have a variety of volunteer opportunities. Please read the service requirements carefully before your application to fulfill service hours with MLF.( 谢谢你对Mobile Loaves & Fishes的兴趣！我们有各种各样的做志愿者的机会。请在申请前仔细阅读服务要求，以完成服务时间。)”可推断，本段的目的是招聘更多的志愿者。故选D项。
"Am I beautiful now, Mama? "
My heart quickly fell to my stomach.
"What do you mean, now? "
"Now that my hair is all done, I'm beautiful, right? "
I had just put the brush down by my side when my stomach immediately somersaulted (翻滚) in guilt and fear and my mind was instantly puzzled with confusion. Why was she questioning this? Didn't she already know? I told her how beautiful she was every morning when she rose for the new day and every night as she drifted off to sleep. I wanted to yell that this world attached too many attempts to "make pretty" and commercialized the use of product after product.
I tried to control my heart and explained to her, “Baby girl, you are beautiful every day because you are kind and smart, creative and brave. You use good manners and stand up for yourself." I put my hand on her heart and pulled her in close. "But styling your hair doesn't make you beautiful. And wearing certain colors or styles can't do it either. What makes you beautiful is the person you are. Do you know where beauty really comes from? "
She thought for a minute. I gently tapped my fingers that were still resting on her heart. "From inside here. And your heart shines so brightly that it makes you incredibly beautiful. "I could feel her heart start to beat a little stronger and a smile appeared across her face.
I squeezed her tight and added, "You are so beautiful, baby girl, and I hope you never stop believing it. And I hope you never let anyone tell you differently. "
She stood up and brushed her freshly braided hair off her shoulder.
"I know, Mama. I'm beautiful because I'm ME. "
The somersaults stopped. The guilt and fear were washed away. The confusion was clarified.
"Hey Mama," she said as she started to walk away. "You are beautiful, too."
4．What was the mother's reaction to the girl's questions?
A．Shocked. B．Excited. C．Disappointed. D．Embarrassed.
5．What can we infer about the author's daughter?
A．She wasn't confident in herself. B．She wasn't pretty and smart at all.
C．She was brave to face all challenges. D．She was particular about appearance.
6．What does the author intend to teach her daughter?
A．Everyone is beautiful. B．Beauty comes from inside.
C．Love is the most important. D．Smile is the key to happiness.
7．What did the daughter think of her mother at last?
A．Her mother was kind and thoughtful. B．Her mother looked as beautiful as her.
C．Her mother demanded too much of her. D．Her mother was an understanding person.
【答案】4．A5．A6．B7．B
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是一位母亲教孩子美丽是来自于内心.
4．推理判断题。根据第二段的“My heart quickly fell to my stomach”（我的心一下子跳到胃里），说明作者听到女儿的话以后觉得很震惊，故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据第五段的“Why was she questioning this? Didn't she already know? I told her how beautiful she was every morning when she rose for the new day and every night as she drifted off to sleep”（她为什么要质疑这个?她不是已经知道了吗？每天早晨当她起床迎接新的一天，每天晚上当她入睡时，我都告诉她她是多么美丽）可知，虽然我告诉女儿她很漂亮，可是她还是质疑，由此可推知，她对自己没有信心，故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据第七段的“From inside here. And your heart shines so brightly that it makes you incredibly beautiful”（从这里。你的心灵如此明亮，让你变得无比美丽）可知，作者想要教会女儿美丽是来自于内心的，故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“"Hey Mama," she said as she started to walk away. "You are beautiful, too."”（“嘿，妈妈，”她边说边准备走开。“你也很漂亮。”）可知，女儿最后觉得她的母亲看上去和她一样美丽，故选B。
Last Tuesday, a robotic ship called the Mayflower Autonomous Ship (MAS) took off from Plymouth, England. Its mission (使命) was to recreate the 1620 crossing of the Atlantic by the Mayflower, which brought the first European settlers to the USA．But unlike the original Mayflower, there are no people on the MAS. Everything about the ship is designed to run automatically. The ship is guided by an artificial intelligence (AI) system called "AI Captain".
The MAS is a project run by a group called ProMare along with the computer company, IBM. The ship's electric motor is powered by solar energy. The goal of the project is to test different kinds of technologies for collecting information about the sea. If these can be handled by machines, it could be a big advance in ocean research.
Because the MAS didn't have to carry humans, its designers were free to think about how to make the best ship for the job. In addition to cameras and radar to help the ship guide itself, the ship is carrying many different kinds of tools and sensors. It has special listening devices which can detect whales and dolphins. It even has a special "tongue" which can report back on the chemicals in the water.
Last Friday morning, scientists tracking the ship noticed that it was going about half as fast as it should have been going. The AI Captain was working well, but there seemed to be something slowing the motor down. Since the ship had only covered 10% of the way across the Atlantic, the team decided to bring it back to Plymouth so they could fix the problem and send it out again. They sent the MAS instructions to turn back.
When the MAS finally does put out to sea again, it is expected to take about three weeks to cross the Atlantic Ocean. The fastest speed for the MAS is about 10 mph (16 kph). That may seem slow, but it's about 5 times faster than the original Mayflower, which took 66 days to make the journey.
8．What is the main mission of the MAS project?
A．Take more Europeans across the Atlantic.
B．Explore the ocean with high technologies.
C．Develop new artificial intelligence system.
D．Test the new robotic ship of IBM on the sea.
9．What happened to the MAS on the sea?
A．There was something wrong with the AI Captain.
B．The scientists failed to guide the ship completely.
C．The ship couldn't reach its destination as planned.
D．The robotic ship's electric motor didn't work well.
10．What can we know from the last paragraph?
A．The robotic ship will set sail again soon.
B．The journey will be difficult and dangerous.
C．The entire journey will be about 2, 100 miles.
D．The MAS will travel farther than the original one.
11．What's the best title for the text?
A．A Robotic Ship Guided by the AI Captain System.
B．Self-Driving Mayflower Ship Forced to Turn Back.
C．The Fastest Robotic Ship Sailing Across the Atlantic.
D．Another Mayflower Recreating the Cross-Atlantic Trip.
【答案】8．B9．D10．A11．D
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一艘名为五月花号的机器人船穿越大西洋，测试收集海洋信息的不同技术。
8．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The goal of the project is to test different kinds of technologies for collecting information about the sea.（该项目的目标是测试收集海洋信息的不同技术。）”可知，MAS 项目的主要任务是用高科技探索海洋。故选B项。
9．细节理解题。根据第四段“The AI Captain was working well, but there seemed to be something slowing the motor down.（人工智能船长工作良好，但似乎有什么东西减慢了马达。）”可知，是船的马达出了一些问题。故选D项。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“When the MAS finally does put out to sea again, it is expected to take about three weeks to cross the Atlantic Ocean.（当MAS最终再次出海时，预计需要大约三周的时间才能穿越大西洋。）”可知，MAS将很快会再次出海。故选A项。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“Last Tuesday, a robotic ship called the Mayflower Autonomous Ship (MAS) took off from Plymouth, England. Its mission (使命) was to recreate the 1620 crossing of the Atlantic by the Mayflower, which brought the first European settlers to the USA.（上周二，一艘名为五月花号的机器人船从英格兰的普利茅斯出发。它的任务是重现1620年五月花号穿越大西洋的历史，那时第一批欧洲殖民者来到了美国。）”可知，文章主要介绍了一艘同样名为“五月花号”的人工智能船将再次穿越大西洋，只是与之前那艘任务不同而已。Ｄ项“另一个五月花再现跨大西洋旅行。”符合题意，适合做标题。故选D项。
Have you ever taken a look at a few lovely chickens and desired to touch and kiss them? Apparently, for some the urge is hard to resist. However, according to an updated warning by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), doing so could spread dangerous-maybe even life-threatening-Salmonella (沙门菌). So no matter how irresistible those little feathered birds may seem, avoid giving them a kiss.
This isn't the first time the CDC has warned against getting your poultry (家禽) fresh. Back in 2018 Halloween, they advised against dressing the birds up for fear of spreading Salmonella. Then again, in May this year, with 474 cases reported, another warning was issued. According to interviews with 271 of those affected, 77 percent had been in contact with poultry before getting sick.
"Backyard poultry, like chicken and ducks, can carry Salmonella bacteria even if they look healthy and clean, " writes the CDC．"These bacteria can easily spread to anything in the areas where the poultry live. You can get sick from touching your poultry or anything in their environment and then touching your mouth or food, and swallowing Salmonella bacteria."
Most people who come into contact with the Salmonella bacteria will experience diarrhea, fever, and stomach cramps. Children are particularly affected-one in three sick people are below the age of five-intelligible given their weaker immune (免疫) systems and natural love for the birds.
The CDC recommends that parents shouldn't let little children touch chicks, ducks, or other backyard poultry and make sure that if they do, they should wash their hands thoroughly afterward. Likewise, adults are instructed to do the same after touching backyard poultry and their eggs should be cleaned, stored, and cooked correctly to avoid the infection of Salmonella.
This might be easier said than done-for many people, backyard chickens are beloved-but if you really love them, stop physical displays of affection in case you wind up with eggs on your face. It turns out to be a bit of harm.
12．Why does CDC repeatedly warn people not to kiss chickens?
A．To protect the poultry. B．To show love to chickens.
C．To get rid of Salmonella. D．To stay safe from danger.
13．How is Paragraph 2 mainly developed?
A．By giving examples. B．By showing statistics.
C．By making comparison. D．By interviewing victims.
14．What does the underlined word "intelligible" mean in Paragraph 4?
A．Understandable. B．Irresistible. C．Disapproval D．Controversial.
15．What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?
A．Stress the importance of affection. B．Add more background information.
C．Provide some advice for the readers. D．Summarize the theme of the passage.
【答案】12．D13．B14．A15．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，不管小鸡多么可爱，人类也应该避免与之亲密接触，因为小鸡可能会传播致命的沙门菌。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段“However, according to an updated warning by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), doing so could spread dangerous-maybe even life-threatening-Salmonella (沙门菌).（然而，根据疾病控制中心(CDC)的最新警告，这样做可能会传播危险，甚至威胁生命的沙门菌。）”可知，疾控中心反复警告人们不要亲吻鸡的原因是远离危险，而不是C项“除掉沙门菌”。故选D项。
13．推理判断题。根据第二段“Then again, in May this year, with 474 cases reported, another warning was issued. According to interviews with 271 of those affected, 77 percent had been in contact with poultry before getting sick.（然而，在今年5月，报告了474个病例后，又发出了另一个警告。根据对271名患者的采访，77% 的人在生病之前曾与家禽有过接触。）”中反复出现的数字可知，该段主要是通过展示数据的方式展开的。故选B项。
14．词句猜测题。根据划线词前“Children are particularly affected-one in three sick people are below the age of five-（儿童受到的影响尤其严重——三分之一的病人年龄在五岁以下——）”可知，儿童受影响最严重。而根据划线词后“given their weaker immune (免疫) systems and natural love for the birds.（鉴于他们较弱的免疫系统和对鸟类的自然爱护）”给出了儿童受影响最严重的原因。这些原因使这种现象易于理解了（intelligible），与understandable意思相近。故选A项。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“This might be easier said than done-for many people, backyard chickens are beloved-but if you really love them, stop physical displays of affection in case you wind up with eggs on your face. It turns out to be a bit of harm.（这可能说起来容易做起来难——对于许多人来说，后院的鸡是他们的最爱——但是如果你真的爱它们，就不要在身体上表达爱意，以防你最终把鸡蛋放在脸上。事实证明，这有点伤害。）”可知，最后一段主要重申了与小鸡亲密接触的危害，劝告人们不要亲密接触，总结了文章主题。故选D项。
阅读【山东省泰安肥城市2021-2022学年高三上学期第一次摸底】
Lack of airflow in your home can cause indoor air pollution and worsen health issues. Your furniture, the materials in your walls and your carpet can hold poisons, Before buying an expensive air cleaner,you'd better try out a few houseplants first 一they' re much cheaper and look a lot nicer.
Snake Plant
Perfect for your bedroom, this plant is unique in its ability to give off oxygen at night. Snake plants are also able to produce enough oxygen in an air-sealed room for people to breathe normally.It's one of the best plants for filtering (过滤) some harmful gases. Water it once a week, being sure to let the soil dry in- between waterings, and keep it by a window.
Peace Lily
If you' re somebody that loves flowers in the house, this is a great option for you. A peace lily produces fragrant flowers all summer long , and effectively removes formaldehyde(甲醛) from the air. It grows best in shady areas and with the soil kept damp. Be careful though, as this plant can be poisonous if eaten by children or pets.
Bamboo Palm
This fast growing houseplant looks splendid and is safe for children and pets. It will add damp to the air in the dry winter months and remove indoor air pollutants. It grows well in indirect sunlight away from any cold drafts. .Take care of it by keeping the soil wet and misting ts leaves.
Red Edged Dracaena
This drought tolerant plant is good for beginners. It grows well in sunlight. Wipe the underside of the leaves regularly with a damp cloth to make sure it can properly filter your air.Place it in a semi-shaded area and mist the soil with room-temperature water. Careful,it's not pet-friendly.
21．How does a snake plant help you?
A．It produces enough oxygen. B．It gives off a fragrant smell.
C．It keeps the indoor air wet. D．It makes the bedroom prettier.
22．Which of the following can be kept in the sun?
A．A snake plant. B．A peace lily. C．A bamboo palm. D．A red-edged dracaena.
23．What do the four plants have in common?
A．They prefer dry conditions. B．They do good to kids and pets.
C．They reduce indoor pollution. D．They're suitable for beginners.
【答案】21．A22．D23．C
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四种可以减少室内污染的植物。
21．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Perfect for your bedroom, this plant is unique in its ability to give off oxygen at night. Snake plants are also able to produce enough oxygen in an air-sealed room for people to breathe normally.”（这种植物在夜间释放氧气的能力是独一无二的，非常适合你的卧室。蛇类植物也能在密闭的房间里产生足够的氧气，供人们正常呼吸。）可知，蛇类植物可以产生足够的氧气。故选A项。
22．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段：“This drought tolerant plant is good for beginners. It grows well in sunlight.”（这种耐旱植物适合初学者。它在阳光下长得很好。）可知，Red Edged Dracaena在阳光下可以长的很好。故选D项。
23．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Lack of airflow in your home can cause indoor air pollution and worsen health issues. Your furniture, the materials in your walls and your carpet can hold poisons, Before buying an expensive air cleaner, you'd better try out a few houseplants first---they' re much cheaper and look a lot nicer.”（家中缺乏空气流通会导致室内空气污染，并恶化健康问题。你的家具,你的墙壁和地毯的材料可以持有毒,在买一个昂贵的空气滤清器之前,你最好先尝试一些室内植物---他们的便宜多了,看起来很好。）可知文章提到的四种室内植物都可以减少室内污染。故选C项
Nalini Nadkarni didn’t play with Barbies as a girl. She was too busy climbing the maple trees in her front yard in Bethesda.
“When I was growing up in Bethesda, we tried to live simply,” Nadkarni, a University of Utah biology professor who studies rainforest canopies, said. “And a Barbie didn’t quite fit in with living a simple life.” Instead, said Nadkarni, she and her sisters were encouraged by their parents to create their own fun. For Nadkarni, that meant tree climbing.
Nadkarni is doing research in Costa Rica on trees. It has never been more important, Nadkarni said, to share what she has learned with a new generation.
“In 2003, I’d been thinking of ways to help get girls more interested in science, and I looked to my young daughter. I knew that girls wanted to play with Barbies and look like Barbies,” Nadkarni said. “But what if Barbie had field clothes on and came with a little booklet about canopy plants?” Mattel, the company that makes Barbies, wasn’t interested in her idea, but she persisted. She finally created her own treetop dolls. Mattel agreed that she could produce the dolls on a small scale.
Last year, Nadkarni was thrilled to learn that National Geographic was working with Mattel to come up with a new line of adventure dolls, and that they wanted her advice.
Since sales of the explorer Barbies began in the summer, Nadkarni said, she has heard from girls coast to coast, thanking her for her work in rainforests and asking questions about how they can make a difference to help trees in their own communities.
“When I started hearing from these young kids, I realized they truly understood the terrible situation our forests were in,” she said. “They really care, and they want us grown-ups to do something to save our environment. I love climbing trees and learning all I can about them. But getting children excited about protecting our forests is one of the most important things I do.”
24．What can we learn about Nadkarni when she was a child?
A．She found joy in climbing trees. B．She used to play with Barbies.
C．Her parents were strict with her. D．She was asked to behave like a boy.
25．Why did Nadkarni want to work with Mattel?
A．To amuse her daughter. B．To attract girls to Barbies.
C．To represent her scientific achievements. D．To fire girls’ enthusiasm for science.
26．What kind of feeling is expressed in the last paragraph?
A．Regret. B．Delight. C．Nervousness. D．Astonishment.
27．What can we infer from the text?
A．Nadkarni created the explorer Barbies.
B．Girls thanked Nadkarni for the new dolls.
C．The explorer Barbies have a great influence on girls.
D．Young kids don’t care about the environment.
【答案】24．A25．D26．B27．C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了Nalini Nadkarni为了让女孩子对科学感兴趣，制作了树梢娃娃，进行了小规模生产且得到了女孩们的良好反馈。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Instead, said Nadkarni, she and her sisters were encouraged by their parents to create their own fun. For Nadkarni, that meant tree climbing.(Nadkarni说，相反，父母鼓励她和姐妹们创造自己的乐趣。对Nadkarni来说，这意味着爬树)”可知，Nadkarni小时候从爬树中得到乐趣。故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据第四段中“In 2003, I’d been thinking of ways to help get girls more interested in science, and I looked to my young daughter.( 2003年，我一直在想办法让女孩们对科学更感兴趣，我把目光投向了我年幼的女儿)”以及“She finally created her own treetop dolls. Mattel agreed that she could produce the dolls on a small scale.(她终于制作了自己的树梢娃娃。Mattel同意她可以小规模生产这些娃娃)”可知，Nadkarni想要和Mattel合作来激发女孩对科学的热情。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据最后一段““When I started hearing from these young kids, I realized they truly understood the terrible situation our forests were in,” she said. “They really care, and they want us grown-ups to do something to save our environment. I love climbing trees and learning all I can about them. But getting children excited about protecting our forests is one of the most important things I do.”(她说：“当我开始听到这些孩子的声音时，我意识到他们真正了解我们的森林所处的可怕处境。他们真的很关心，他们希望我们成年人做一些事情来拯救我们的环境。我喜欢爬树，尽我所能地了解它们。但让孩子们对保护我们的森林感到兴奋是我做的最重要的事情之一。”)”可推知，最后一段表达了高兴的感觉。故选B。
27．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Since sales of the explorer Barbies began in the summer, Nadkarni said, she has heard from girls coast to coast, thanking her for her work in rainforests and asking questions about how they can make a difference to help trees in their own communities.( Nadkarni说，自从探险家芭比娃娃于今年夏天开始销售以来，她收到了来自全国各地的女孩们的来信，她们感谢她在热带雨林的工作，并询问如何能对自己社区的树木有所帮助)”可推知，芭比娃娃对女孩有很大的影响。故选C。
We’ve all been there－accidently distanced a new co-worker with a bad joke, or failed to impress the new boss with our first task. You might have been off your game because of a recent failure, but your new co-workers are likely to think that your poor performance is one of your basic characteristics. However, it’s not impossible to change how others view you.
Your co-workers may have built up a certain impression of you－that you’re not leadership material because you’re too quiet, for example. You can’t expect to overturn that thinking with small actions. You need to do something unexpected. If you’ve made them think you’re quiet and never speak up, it won’t be enough to talk once in a meeting. Instead, make a point of being the first person to speak. If your co-workers have to ask themselves, “What got into him?” then you’re on the way to beginning to change their views.
My first impression of Matthew, an employee of mine, was that he was a bit lazy at work. Realizing that I was increasingly unimpressed with him, he made a move. He suggested that we get to know each other better by going to a rock climbing gym－an activity at which he was very experienced, and I was a beginner. His great skills showed me a different side to his abilities.
Sometimes the bad impression your co-workers may have formed has nothing to do with you. Ten years ago, I met a woman at a meeting. Today, we’re close friends. But, she said that she hadn’t liked me at first. She thought I seemed “too positive”－and therefore somewhat fake. It was only after knowing me for years that she realized that was in fact how I was. If you’re patient and continue to act in ways you’re proud of, most people will finally come around.
It’s unfair when we feel misunderstood. But while first impressions are likely to stick, they can－with time and effort－be changed, so that your true talents can be appreciated.
28．What does the underlined phrase “off your game” in the first paragraph probably mean?
A．Beaten in a sport. B．Lost in your computer game.
C．Unwilling to accept a new friend. D．Unable to work as well as usual.
29．How can we change others’ impressions of us according to paragraph 2?
A．By surprising them. B．By keeping quiet.
C．By questioning them. D．By organizing meetings.
30．Why did Matthew ask the author to go rock climbing with him?
A．To explore new job chances.
B．To show off his climbing skills.
C．To get the author to know him better.
D．To push the author to exercise more.
31．What did the woman think of the author at first?
A．Brave. B．Insincere. C．Friendly. D．Impatient.
【答案】28．D29．A30．C31．B
【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者结合自己的经历谈了改变第一印象的几个方法。
28．词句猜测题。由后面的“because of a recent failure”（因为最近的一次失败）可知，本句是说“你可能因为最近的一次失败而没有发挥好”，因此划线词的意思是“表现不佳，即不如之前的工作表现好”，即unable to work as well as usual，故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段的“You need to do something unexpected. If you’ve made them think you’re quiet and never speak up, it won’t be enough to talk once in a meeting. Instead, make a point of being the first person to speak”（你需要做一些意想不到的事情。如果你让他们觉得你很安静，从来不说话，那么在会议上说一次是不够的。相反，要强调自己是第一个说话的人）可知，我们可以通过令他们惊讶来改变别人对我们的印象，故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据第三段的“He suggested that we get to know each other better by going to a rock climbing gym－an activity at which he was very experienced, and I was a beginner”（他建议我们去攀岩馆更好地了解对方——这是一项他很有经验的活动，而我是初学者）可知，马修请作者和他一起去攀岩为了让作者更好地了解他，故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But, she said that she hadn’t liked me at first. She thought I seemed “too positive”－and therefore somewhat fake”（但是，她说她一开始并不喜欢我。她认为我似乎“过于乐观”——因此有点假）可推知，这位妇女起初认为作者不真诚，故选B。
Chimps use loud calls and gestures to make their feelings known but until now, the exact meaning for individual movements has remained a mystery. Now researchers believe they have translated the key gestures used in the chimp community and identified their intentions for the first time.
From 4,351 gestures, experts were able to identify 66 that are used for 19 specific message meanings, including showing a foot to tell a child they can climb on their back. The researchers were able to narrow down these 66 gestures to 36 that are used intentionally to achieve 15 purposes. The translations were made by Dr Catherine Hobaiter and her colleagues at St Andrews University in Scotland.
Dr Hobaiter used behavior sampling and filmed all recorded cases of gestural communication. Other gestures include stomping their feet to ask another chimp to stop what they are doing, and slapping objects together to ask another to follow them. Of the 19 meanings,17 encouraged interactions to start, or to develop, such as “move closer,” and “change play”. Some of the gestures were found to have more than one meaning. and only 10 of the 66 gestures were used for only a single meaning.
Researchers collected a total of 471 video clips from two social groups of chimps at a shelter near Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. As well as identifying what the gesture means, they also discovered the technique needed to increase the chances of success.
“Human children use gestures to communicate before they produce their first words, and their earliest gestures typically appear around 10 months of age,” explained the researchers. “In great apes, there is good evidence that language-trained individuals are capable of acquiring and understanding signals, but this is far less clear in their natural communication. ”
32．Chimps slap the objects to____________.
A．tell others to stop what they are doing B．ask others chimps to join them
C．gather other chimps to move closer D．encourage interactions to start
33．What did researchers find after studying 471 video clips?
A．Chimps trained in language are good at understanding signals.
B．Two social groups of chimps live at a shelter near Kinshasa.
C．Language-trained individuals do well in natural communication.
D．Chimps’earliest gestures appear around 10 months of age.
34．How is the last paragraph developed?
A．By analyzing causes. B．By examining differences.
C．By making comparisons. D．By following time order.
35．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．A New Research on Chimps B．Human Children and Chimps
C．Getting the Chimps Trained for Language D．Translating the Sign Language of Chimps
【答案】32．B33．A34．C35．D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究人员相信他们已经翻译了黑猩猩群体中使用的关键手势，并首次确定了它们的意图。文章详细介绍了这项关于翻译黑猩猩手语的研究过程以及研究的发现。
32．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Other gestures include stomping their feet to ask another chimp to stop what they are doing, and slapping objects together to ask another to follow them.(其他手势包括跺脚是为了让另一只黑猩猩停止它们正在做的事情，拍打物体是为了让另一只跟随它们)”可知，黑猩猩拍打这些物体是为了邀请其他黑猩猩加入。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In great apes, there is good evidence that language-trained individuals are capable of acquiring and understanding signals, but this is far less clear in their natural communication.(有充分的证据表明，在类人猿中，受过语言训练的个体有能力获取和理解信号，但这在它们自然的交流中远远不够清晰)”可知，研究人员在研究了471个视频片段后发现受过语言训练的黑猩猩善于理解信号。故选A。
34．推理判断题。根据最后一段““Human children use gestures to communicate before they produce their first words, and their earliest gestures typically appear around 10 months of age,” explained the researchers. “In great apes, there is good evidence that language-trained individuals are capable of acquiring and understanding signals, but this is far less clear in their natural communication. ”(研究人员解释说：“人类儿童在说出第一个单词之前就使用手势进行交流，他们最早的手势通常出现在10个月大的时候。有充分的证据表明，在类人猿中，受过语言训练的个体有能力获取和理解信号，但这在它们自然的交流中远远不够清晰。”)”可推知，最后一段是通过比较展开的。故选C。
35．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Chimps use loud calls and gestures to make their feelings known but until now, the exact meaning for individual movements has remained a mystery. Now researchers believe they have translated the key gestures used in the chimp community and identified their intentions for the first time. (黑猩猩用响亮的叫声和手势来表达它们的情感，但直到现在，单个动作的确切含义仍然是一个谜。 现在，研究人员相信他们已经翻译了黑猩猩群体中使用的关键手势，并首次确定了它们的意图)”结合文章详细介绍了这项关于翻译黑猩猩手语的研究过程以及研究的发现。可知，D选项“翻译黑猩猩的手语”最符合文章标题。故选D。
阅读【广东省普通高中2021-2022学年高三9月阶段性质量检测】
Exciting Adventure Options to Choose From!
BIRD WALK(Any time of year)-Join us for a private bird walk through our sanctuary(保护区）。 The Bent's grasslands, trees and woods provide great habitat(栖息地）for birds moving from one place to another, such as Warblers, Vireos, Indigo Buntings, Thrushes, Orioles, and more. This walk will be made to the members in your party.
Suitable for ages 5 and up
Program Fee:$150
NATURE HIKE(Any time of year)-Take a private hike with Bent of the River! Your personal guide will show you notable habitats and wildlife around the center trails. Nature is exciting and always changing, so you never know what we will find along the way! This program is ideal for people who want to enjoy beautiful scenery while hiking.
Suitable for ages 8 and up
Program Fee:$150
POMPERAUG RIVER EXPLORATION(June and July only)-Many fascinating creatures live in and around the Pomperaug River! During this recreational(休闲的） program, an Audubon naturalist will share the human and natural history of the river and teach you how to catch fish and animals. The Bent will supply you with necessary tools, such as nets, containers, and field guides. Once the animals are caught, we will observe and identify(确定身份） them and learn how they can help show the health of the river before we put them back to the wild.
Suitable for ages 8 and up
Program Fee:$150
OWL PROWL(January and February only)-Enjoy a special guided adventure in search of one of the most beloved groups of birds-owls(猫头鹰）！We will be prowling for owls on a walk through the grassland and forests in hopes of seeing one of the three owl species known to live in Connecticut: the Great-horned Owl, Barred Owl, or Eastern Screech-Owl.
Evening event
Suitable for ages 10 and up
Program Fee:$225
1．Which of the programs is suitable for the Browns with a girl of five years old?
A．BIRD WALK. B．NATURE HIKE.
C．POMPERAUG RIVER EXPLORATION. D．OWL PROWL.
2．What will you do with the fish you catch in POMPERAUG RIVER EXPLORATION?
A．Find out their health. B．Do a scientific research.
C．Cook them as food on the table. D．Set them free back to the river.
3．Whom is this text written for?
A．Students. B．Teachers. C．Scientists. D．Adventurers.
【答案】1．A2．D3．D
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个令人兴奋的冒险选择，介绍了适龄人群，项目内容和价钱。
1．细节理解题。根据BIRD WALK中的“Suitable for ages 5 and up（适合5岁及以上儿童观看）”；NATURE HIKE下的“Suitable for ages 8 and up（适合8岁及以上儿童观看）”；POMPERAUG RIVER EXPLORATION下的“Suitable for ages 8 and up（适合8岁及以上儿童观看）”以及OWL PROWL下的“Suitable for ages 10 and up（适合10岁及以上儿童观看）”可知，Bird Walk适合Browns带着5岁的女儿参加，故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据POMPERAUG RIVER EXPLORATION中的“Once the animals are caught, we will observe and identify them and learn how they can help show the health of the river before we put them back to the wild.（一旦这些动物被捕获，我们将观察和识别它们，并学习它们如何帮助显示河流的健康，然后我们将它们放回野外。）”可知，在捉鱼之后，在了解了相关情况之后，游客还得要把鱼放生回到河里。故选D。
3．推理判断题。综合标题及全文的内容可知，本文所广告的内容都是一些探险项目。因此，这类文章的写作对象应是那些探险爱好者。故选D。
A Virginia teen is doing his part to make sure frontline health care workers are getting the meals they need to help them take care of themselves and others.
Arul Nigam, 17, of Tyson's Corner, Va. , has had to make several adjustments since his school year ended abruptly in mid-March due to the coronavirus pandemic(新冠疫情）。“We didn't have any classes for like over a month and then after that there were a lot of technical difficulties. So I started to have a lot more free time,” he tells Yahoo Life. “It was really saddening, but it was also something that really surprised me, that our health care workers are facing something like that,” Nigam says. “So I wanted to see what I could do to help them because obviously, they're sacrificing so much and giving so much for all of us. ”
In late March, the teen started fundraising efforts with the help of friends and family to help these health care workers receive much-needed meals. He also began doing research about what hospitals had the most amount of coronavirus cases, so he could prioritize those places first. He was also arranging for the orders to be fulfilled at local family-owned restaurants impacted by shutdown orders. So far, Nigam has delivered over 1,000 meals to 22 hospitals in 13 states, including New York, Massachusetts and Maryland.
Nigam's efforts have not only helped health care workers, but restaurants as well. With quarantine restrictions taking a toll on the food industry, places like Best Coast Burrito in Oakland, Calif. , have lost business over the last few weeks. Best Coast's owner,Alvin Shen, tells Yahoo Life that being able to partner with Arul and others in efforts to feed those on the frontline has been a big help.
4．What would Nigam probably do according to his words?
A．Study at home by himself.
B．Spend the more free time playing.
C．Donate some money to health care workers.
D．Do something helpful for health care workers.
5．What is Nigam's priority when delivering food?
A．The urgency of meals.
B．The severity of the virus.
C．The number of doctors.
D．The position of hospitals.
6．What does the phrase “taking a toll on” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Turning a blind eye to.
B．Keeping an eye on.
C．Causing lots of damage to.
D．Answering completely for.
7．Where can you probably read this text?
A．Science fiction.
B．Fashion magazine.
C．Life magazine.
D．Entertainment newspaper.
【答案】4．D5．B6．C7．C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位十七岁的少年在新冠疫情期间为前线的人提供食物所做的努力。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“So I wanted to see what I could do to help them（所以我想看看我能做些什么来帮助他们）”可推断，Nigam会做一些对卫生保健工作者有帮助的事情。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“He also began doing research about what hospitals had the most amount of coronavirus cases, so he could prioritize those places first.（他还开始研究哪些医院的冠状病毒病例最多，这样他就可以优先考虑这些地方。）”可知，他送食物时优先考虑病毒的严重性。故选B。
6．词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“have lost business over the last few weeks（在过去几周失去了生意）”可知，新冠疫情限制对食品业造成了很大损失。所以taking a toll on为“造成了很大损失”之意。故选C。
7．推理判断题。文章讲述了一位十七岁的少年在新冠疫情期间，不畏艰辛与危险为医务工作者免费送餐。可推断与生活栏目有关。故选C。
In May this year, as part of our 150th anniversary, we asked readers aged between 18 and 25 to enter an essay competition. The task was to tell us, in no more than 1,000 words, what scientific advance they would most like to see in their lifetimes, and why it mattered to them.
The response was phenomenal: we received 661 entries. Some entrants hoped that science would make their lifetimes much longer than they can currently expect. Many looked forward to work that will end climate change. Others wanted to see advances in our understanding of human history, crop growth, space exploration, and medical technologies. The ideas were inspiring.
The winner is a compelling essay by Yasmin Ali, a PhD student at the University of Nottingham, UK. Ali submitted a piece on Beethoven, her brother’s hearing loss and the science which she hoped would one day cure it. It stood out to the judges as a reminder of why many scientists do research: to make the world better tomorrow than it is today.
All essays were judged by a group of Nature editors. The top ten submissions were then ranked by three members of a separate judging group: Magdalena Skipper, editor-in-chief of Nature; Faith Osier, a researcher; and Jess Wade, a physicist. All submissions were kept anonymous throughout the process.
We also selected two runners-up(非冠军的获奖者).Physicist Robert Schittko at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, proposes that nuclear fusion(核聚变) could offer a solution to the climate crisis, in a piece that effortlessly mixes grand ambition with gentle humour. And chemist Matthew Zajac at the University of Chicago in Illinois wrote a powerful personal account of why he wants to see advances in the field of same-sex reproduction.
The results show that today’s young scientists have a wealth of ideas, talent and conviction that research can transform their world. We look forward to seeing what they do next.
8．What’s the essay competition about?
A．The scientific expectation.
B．The fantastic scientific ideas.
C．The dreams of future life.
D．The celebration of anniversary.
9．Why Yasmin Ali was chosen the winner?
A．She showed great talent in music.
B．She found the cure for the loss of hearing.
C．She appealed for people to care about hearing loss problem.
D．She reminded people to remember the meaning of science development.
10．What can we learn about the result of the essay competition?
A．Robert Schittko won the second place.
B．There were two winners in the essay competition.
C．Matthew Zajac presented his view of same-sex reproduction.
D．The two runners-up were selected for the same field they chose.
11．What is the author’s attitude to the competitors’ ideas about science expectations?
A．Doubtful.
B．Favorable.
C．Impossible.
D．Ignorant.
【答案】8．A9．D10．C11．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一次征文比赛的评选结果。比赛要求参赛者用1000词以内的文字描述他们有生之年最想看到的科学进步。参赛者提交的文章令人印象深刻。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The task was to tell us, in no more than 1,000 words, what scientific advance they would most like to see in their lifetimes, and why it mattered to them. (任务是用不超过1000个字的文字告诉我们，在他们的有生之年，他们最想看到的科学进步是什么，以及为什么这对他们很重要。)”可知，征文比赛是关于科学的期望的。故选A项。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Ali submitted a piece on Beethoven, her brother’s hearing loss and the science which she hoped would one day cure it. It stood out to the judges as a reminder of why many scientists do research: to make the world better tomorrow than it is today. (Ali提交了一篇关于Beethoven、她弟弟的听力损失以及她希望有一天能治愈它的科学的文章。它让评委们印象深刻，这件事提醒了许多科学家为什么要做研究：为了让世界明天比今天更美好。)可知，Yasmin Ali之所以被选为获胜者，是因为她提醒人们记住科学发展的意义。故选D项。
10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“And chemist Matthew Zajac at the University of Chicago in Illinois wrote a powerful personal account of why he wants to see advances in the field of same-sex reproduction. (伊利诺伊州芝加哥大学的化学家Matthew Zajac写了一篇强有力的个人文章，阐述了他为什么希望看到同性繁殖领域的进步。)”可知，关于征文比赛的结果我们可以了解到，Matthew Zajac提出了他对同性繁殖的看法。故选C项。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The results show that today’s young scientists have a wealth of ideas, talent and conviction that research can transform their world. We look forward to seeing what they do next. (这些结果表明，今天的年轻科学家有丰富的想法、才能和信念，研究可以改变他们的世界。我们期待着他们下一步的行动。)”可以推知，作者对参赛者关于科学期望的观点持“称赞的”态度。故选B项。
As artificial intelligence(AI) systems become more advanced, we can expect them to be used more often in the world of human medicine and healthcare. AI is designed to imitate(模仿） the human brain in decision making and learning, so with the computing power to learn tasks in days or even hours, it is possible to create medical AIs that rapidly outperform doctors in certain tasks.
Data plays a hugely important role in helping AI systems learn about human medicine. AI systems are trained on large data sets gathered from real-life cases. Providing detailed patient information in quantities is a crucial factor for their success.
One of the most important areas for influencing global health is in the field of epidemiology(流行病学）。 Predicting disease outbreaks can save millions of lives by having resources ready should the worst happen. Startup AIME has successfully combined public health data with machine learning and AI to create a prediction engine capable of anticipating epidemics months in advance with great accuracy.
Another field where medical AIs are making rapid advances is in diagnostics(诊断学）。Doctors base a lot of decisions on information from X-ray, CT and MRI images. Speeding up. diagnoses from patient scans can rapidly improve patient care and outcomes. Computer vision AIs use pattern recognition to work through these images with incredible speed and accuracy. They have been able to outperform junior doctors and even senior specialists in some tests.
Cardiologist(心脏科医生）Rima Arnaout developed an AI that beat human experts at correctly interpreting echocardiograms(超声心动图）by 92 percent to 79 percent. She said that despite the result there is no prospect of AI replacing human doctors any time soon. “As cardiologists, we read the images and then go to see the patient,” she said. “So we're both reading images and practicing medicine. I don't think that the second piece will be taken over so quickly. ”
The acceptance of AI in medicine will continue to gather pace in the future as it becomes more widespread.
12．What played a big role in helping AI systems know of human medicine?
A．Certain tasks.
B．Large data.
C．The skill to imitate.
D．The increasing demand.
13．Why is Startup AIME mentioned in paragraph 3?
A．To illustrate predicting disease is possible.
B．To call on doctors to focus on public health data.
C．To prove it's a successful company in global health.
D．To let readers realize the importance of early success.
14．What do we know about computer vision AIs?
A．They do better than doctors in some tests.
B．They speed up diagnoses from patient scans.
C．They can rapidly improve patients' conditions.
D．They analyze information from X-ray, CT and MRI images.
15．What do Rima Arnaout's words in paragraph 5 imply?
A．AIs are not so smart as human doctors.
B．It's not easy for AIs to take the place of human doctors.
C．A cooperation between AIs and human doctors is a must.
D．Human doctors are playing a big role in practicing medicine.
【答案】12．B13．A14．A15．B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能(AI)系统人类医学和医疗保健领域的应用。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段“Data plays a hugely important role in helping AI systems learn about human medicine.（数据在帮助人工智能系统了解人类医学方面发挥着非常重要的作用。）”可知，在帮助人工智能系统了解人类医学方面，大数据发挥了重要作用。故选B。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段“Startup AIME has successfully combined public health data with machine learning and AI to create a prediction engine capable of anticipating epidemics months in advance with great accuracy.（创业公司AIME成功地将公共健康数据与机器学习和人工智能相结合，创建了一个预测引擎，能够非常准确地提前几个月预测流行病。）”可知，这里提到Startup AIME是为了说明预测疾病是可能的。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据第四段“Computer vision AIs use pattern recognition to work through these images with incredible speed and accuracy. They have been able to outperform junior doctors and even senior specialists in some tests.（计算机视觉AI利用模式识别技术以令人难以置信的速度和准确性处理这些图像。在一些测试中，他们的表现已经超过了初级医生，甚至是高级专家。）”可知，计算机视觉人工智能在一些测试中，他们比医生做得更好。故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据第五段中Rima Arnaout说的话“So we're both reading images and practicing medicine. I don't think that the second piece will be taken over so quickly.（所以我们在阅读图像的同时也在行医。我不认为第二部分会这么快被接管。）”可推断，Rima Arnaout认为，尽管结果如此，但AI不可能很快取代人类医生。故选B。
阅读【百师联盟2021-2022学年高三上学期开学联考全国I卷】
Bronx Zoo
Excited to explore this z00 already? Well, save your dates and plan your trip to the US with Travel Triangle right away and let the kids within your joy. The Bronx Zoo is definitely one of the best places to visit in the USA．We are sure that you would have the best time ever!
The Size
The Bronx Zoo is among the biggest zoos in the US, measuring 265 acres or over 100 hectares. It is literally so big that you may find it difficult to explore it all in just a day. Not only is it big in terms of size but it’s the largest zo0 in the US by number of animals as well. As of 2020, it had 4,000 animals of over 600 species. Some of them include fennec foxes, bald eagles, collared lemurs and Komodo dragons.
Location
The Bronx zo0 in the USA is located at 2300 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, NY 10460.
The Tickets Cost
Tickets to the z00 in the US cost $28 for children, $37 for adults (13 years and over). Entry for children aged two and under is free. You can also go on group tours led by trained expedition leaders. It costs $125 for a group of up to 5 people.
Open Time
Bronx Zoo is open from 10 am to 5 pm Monday—Friday and 10 am to 5.30 pm on weekends and holidays. All animal exhibits end half an hour before the park closes.
The Best Attractions
Names
Attractions
Open Time
Butterfly Garden
A dozen butterfly species
March 30th to October 1st
Children’s Zoo
See and interact (交流) with farm animals
May 30th to October 30th
Congo Gorilla Forest
Exhibition of Congo Gorilla
April 1st to October 30th
Jungle world
Golden langurs in”Asian jungle”
May 30th to October 1st

21．How much will a couple with a 3-year-old boy pay to enter the zoo?
A．$74. B．$93. C．$102. D．$125.
22．When should a child stop interacting with the fennec foxes on weekends?
A．At 10 am. B．4:30 pm. C．5 pm. D．5:30 pm.
23．Which attraction opens to the public for the longest time?
A．Butterfly Garden. B．Children’s Zoo. C．Jungle world. D．Congo Gorilla Forest.
【答案】21．C22．C23．D
【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍美国布朗克斯动物园。
21．细节理解题。根据The Tickets Cost下文信息Tickets to the zoo in the US cost $28 for children, $37 for adults (13 years and over). Entry for children aged two and under is free.可知，夫妇二人都要付$37，孩子3岁了不免费，应付$28。因此，他们需付$102。故选C。
22．推理判断题。根据Open Time下文信息Bronx Zoo is open from 10 am to 5 pm Monday-Friday and 10 am to 5.30 pm on weekends and holidays. All animal exhibits end half an hour before the park closes.可知，布朗克斯动物园周末早10点到下午5:30开放，所有动物展览在公园关闭前半小时结束。由此推断：周末时孩子5点应该停止与芬内克狐狸互动。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据The Best Attractions下表所列信息可知：Congo Gorilla Forest时间最长，April 1st to October 30th。故选D。
Ageism (年龄歧视) is never pretty, but it’s especially ugly when it means one less animal gets rescued in the world.
Andrea Hijar’s grandparents are in their 70s and live in Peru. Her grandmother has raised dozens of dogs in her lifetime, but when she decided to adopt yet another shelter pup, she was rejected because they thought she was “too old”.
Dogs live an average of 10 to 13 years, and with their age, the shelter was concerned that the grandma and her husband would pass away and leave the dog homeless. Andrea knew that would never happen, though. Any puppy her grandparents adopted would have a lifelong place with her family!
“It makes me sad,” Andrea said. “They are a very loving couple, but are being denied something they are very excited about.” So Andrea kept her eyes and ears open in hopes that the right dog would appear. Sure enough, one did!
She saw a social media post by a man who was looking to adopt a puppy. When he heard her grandparents’ story, he decided to take a chance and give the dog to them!
Andrea’s father quickly went to pick up the dog, and then they had the absolute pleasure of surprising her grandmother with her new best friend. The grandma’s reaction was adorable in every way! She clapped her hands like an excited child. “I am very moved to see her reaction,” Andrea said. “It is very emotional seeing her so happy and full of joy.”
They named the puppy Princesa, and she is already fitting into her new life beautifully! Andrea hopes their story will change people’s minds about matching puppies with older adults, especially when they have family support.
We’re positive that Princesa found the perfect forever family! These two grandparents clearly have plenty of love to go around.
24．What does Andrea think of her grandparents adopting a puppy?
A．They are too old to adopt a puppy.
B．It’s illegal for them to adopt a puppy.
C．She supports them adopting a puppy.
D．She is sad to reject them to adopt a puppy.
25．Why did a man decide to give a puppy to the grandmother?
A．Andrea persuaded him to do a good deed.
B．He was moved by the grandparents’ story.
C．Andrea’s father gave him money for the dog.
D．He wanted to take the grandmother by surprise.
26．What does Andrea hope people can learn from the story?
A．Adopting an animal can change everyone’s life.
B．It will be easy for the puppy to ft into his new life.
C．Little animals can be happy to live with older adults.
D．Grandparents should be allowed to do whatever they like.
27．What is the best title for the text?
A．An Old Animal Lover Got Best Gift Ever
B．Puppy Princesa Found a Perfect Family
C．A Grandma Was Forbidden to Adopt a Puppy
D．An Animal Shelter Offered a Grandma a Puppy
【答案】24．C25．B26．C27．A
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要叙述Andrea祖父母希望收养一只小狗被拒绝，最后在孙女的帮助下成功收养了一只小狗。
24．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“So Andrea kept her eyes and ears open in hopes that the right dog would appear.（所以Andrea睁大了眼睛，竖起了耳朵，希望能找到合适的狗）”可推知，Andrea支持祖父母养小狗。故选C。
25．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“When he heard her grandparents’ story, he decided to take a chance and give the dog to them!（当他听到她祖父母的故事时，他决定冒险把这只狗给他们！）”可知，男士听说了Andrea祖父母的故事，决定把狗让两位老人收养。由此推知，男士被Andrea祖父母的故事感动了。故选B。
26．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“when she decided to adopt yet another shelter pup (幼崽), she was rejected because they thought she was “too old”.（当她决定收养另一只收容所的小狗时，被拒绝了，因为他们认为她“太老了”）”可知，祖母年岁大了被拒绝收养狗；根据倒数第二段“Andrea hopes their story will change people’s minds about matching puppies with older adults（Andrea希望他们的故事能改变人们对小狗和老年人配对的看法）”可知，Andrea希望祖父母的故事会改变人们的关于老人与宠物共同生活的不正确的观念。由此推断：从该故事中，Andrea希望人们明白小动物与老人能一起愉快地生活。故选C。
27．主旨大意题。全文主要叙述Andrea祖父母希望收养一只小狗被拒绝，最后成功收养了一只小狗。结合第二段“Andrea Hijar’s grandparents are in their 70s and live in Peru. Her grandmother has raised dozens of dogs in her lifetime（Andrea Hijar的祖父母70多岁，住在秘鲁。她的祖母一生养了几十条狗）”和最后一段“We’re positive that Princesa found the perfect forever family! These two grandparents clearly have plenty of love to go around.（我们确信Princesa找到了一个永远完美的家庭！这两位祖父母显然有很多爱）”可知，A项“一位热爱动物的老人得到了有史以来最好的礼物”可作为本文最佳标题。故选A。
It has been nearly a decade in making shoes, but Nike finally released a sneaker that can be put on completely hands-free. This is a game changer for countless people with disabilities, and it all started with a letter the company received back in 2012.
At the time, Matthew Walzer was 16 and frustrated by the lack of accessible tennis shoe options, as his cerebral palsy (脑瘫) limited his mobility. Matthew attempted to write a letter to Nike for help. In his letter he wrote, “I am able to completely dress myself, but my parents still have to tie my shoes. I find this extremely frustrating and, at times, embarrassing.”
Moved by the boy, Nike got to work and three years later launched the original Fly Ease, a sneaker with no laces. They sent a pair to Matthew, and he was absolutely thrilled. “When I put the shoes on every morning, they give the greatest sense of independence and accomplishment I have ever felt in my life.” he told them.
Ever since then, the company released a few progressive designs over the years, but the 2021 Nike Go Fly Ease is by far the best one yet! The newest release has gone a step further as the tennis shoes are not only lace-free but also hands-free. The heel hinges (装铰链), so a person’s foot can slip right in. Then, as they step down, the mechanism locks the shoe back in place.
While Matthew was the inspiration behind this entire line of sneakers, Nike hopes these shoes will be worn by people with disabilities, women in their third trimester of pregnancy, dog walkers, parents with their hands full, and basically anyone who would benefit from the slip-on shoes.
These shoes will make life better for so many people, and none of it would have happened if Matthew didn’t speak up and ask for more. He is real evidence that one enthusiastic person can transform the world for the better!
28．Why did Matthew Walzer write to Nike?
A．He complained about the quality of Nike.
B．He wanted Nike to help him be independent.
C．He needed a new sneaker to join tennis team.
D．He tried to design a lace-free Fly Ease for Nike.
29．When did Nike send a pair of Fly Ease with no laces to Matthew?
A．In2012. B．In 2015. C．In 2018. D．In 2021.
30．What does the underlined part “slip-on shoes” refer to in Paragraph 4?
A．Sneakers easy to put on or take off.
B．The original sneakers with no laces.
C．Sneakers popular with all customers.
D．Tennis shoes designed for sportsmen.
31．What does the author encourage us to do in the last paragraph?
A．Use all approaches to success.
B．Be kind to anyone in the world.
C．Live one’s dream independently.
D．Face any challenge with courage.
【答案】28．B29．B30．A31．D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述脑瘫儿童Matthew自己不能系鞋带，写信给耐克公司寻求帮助，从而出现了目前Nike最好的鞋Nike Go Fly Ease，好穿好脱。
28．推理判断题。根据第二段“In his letter he wrote, “I am able to completely dress myself, but my parents still have to tie my shoes. I find this extremely frustrating and, at times, embarrassing.（他在信中写道:“我可以自己穿衣服，但我的父母仍然要帮我系鞋带。我发现这非常令人沮丧，有时还很尴尬。）”可知，信中Matthew写道自己能穿衣服，但父母得给他系鞋带，自己感觉这件事令人沮丧尴尬。由此推断：他写信给耐克公司是想请求帮助自己独立。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“it all started with a letter the company received back in 2012.及Moved by the boy, Nike got to work and three years later launched the original Fly Ease, a sneaker with no laces. They sent a pair to Matthew...（这一切都始于该公司2012年收到的一封信。及被男孩感动，耐克必须工作，三年后推出原飞，没有鞋带的运动鞋。他们给马修送了一对……）”可知，Matthew2012年给Nike写的信，3年后收到的鞋，即2015年。故选B。
30．词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“The heel hinges (装铰链), so a person’s foot can slip right in. Then, as they step down, the mechanism locks the shoe back in place.（鞋跟是合页的，所以人的脚可以滑进去。然后，当他们走下来时，机械装置将鞋锁回原位。）”可推断，Nike Go Fly Ease鞋可以直接把脚伸进去，好穿好脱。slip-on shoes意为“容易穿上或脱掉的运动鞋”。故选A。
31．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“none of it would have happened if Matthew didn’t speak up and ask for more.（如果马修不站出来要求更多，这一切都不会发生。）”和“He is real evidence that one enthusiastic person can transform the world for the better!（他是一个真正的证据，一个充满热情的人可以把世界变得更好!）”可推知，作者鼓励人们勇敢面对任何困难。故选D。
【百师联盟2021-2022学年高三上学期开学联考全国I卷】
I had always hated math. Now I suddenly found myself teaching trigonometry (三角学). I was an English teacher in Chicago Public Schools, and when my school was facing a shortage of math teachers, I was pulled in mid-year to co-teach a junior-level trigonometry class with the math teacher.
My students struggled with the calculations, thinking they just weren’t good at math. Like me, they hated it. What was the point in working and reworking these calculations?
Yet trig slowly became my favorite class of the day. After spending years teaching English and reading, I was being challenged to move beyond what I had always been doing. When you’re new to something, you have a fresh perspective. You’re willing to take risks.
I worked with my co-teacher creating a series of supplementary lessons to let students experience personal meaning and creativity in their math. The interesting thing in math class is that it already includes stories and real-life connections，in the form of story problems. They might include calculating area so that someone can buy new carpet for their home. Or a story problem might be about landscapers planting a new tree, and needing to calculate the length of wire required to support the tree.
I used story problems as an opportunity to connect math to students’ lives by creating fictional math-based stories. First, students would work in small groups to go through the chapter in their math textbook and collect the story problems. Then students would develop factual stories rooted in authentic math story problems.
When they used creative writing skills to develop math story problems about things they were interested in, students became more engaged. They wanted to work on the math in them because they had a real investment (投资) in the outcome. The stories helped students find motivation because they created an answer to the question “Why do we need to learn this?”
32．What was the author’s previous opinion about math?
A．It’s a pleasure to solve math problems.
B．It’s no use just practicing calculations.
C．It’s a challenging and inspiring subject.
D．It is connected with students’ actual lives.
33．What did the author decide to do when he was pulled to co-teach math?
A．Try something new. B．Adapt to the students.
C．Follow the co-teacher’s method. D．Learn math in a creative way.
34．What did the students benefit from the new teaching methods?
A．They got rewards from the investment.
B．They improved reading and writing skills.
C．They could solve the math problems easily.
D．They showed great interest in learning math.
35．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Students learn math by seeing it as a story.
B．Teachers explain math problems in detail.
C．Teachers teach students in the real-life scenes.
D．Students read interesting stories in math lessons.
【答案】32．B33．A34．D35．A
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了身为英语老师的作者被拉去教数学的原因、教学过程及结果。
32．细节理解题。根据第一段“I had always hated math. （我总是讨厌数学）”和第二段“Like me, they hated it. What was the point in working and reworking these calculations？（像我一样，学生们都厌恶数学，感觉算了又算有什么意义呢） ”推知，作者以前讨厌数学，觉得练习计算没用。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据第一段“when my school was facing a shortage of math teachers, I was pulled in mid-year to co-teach a junior -level trigonometry class with the math teacher.（由于学校缺数学老师，我被拉着去与另一位数学老师一起教初级三角函数）”和第三段“When you’re new to something, you have a fresh perspective. You’re willing to take risks.（当你对某件事不熟悉的时候，你会有一个全新的视角。你愿意承担风险）”可知，对于没做过的事，作者认为会有一个全新的视角，愿意去冒险尝试。故选A。
34．推理判断题。根据最后一段“When they used creative writing skills to develop math story problems about things they were interested in, students became more engaged.（当他们运用创造性的写作技巧来解决他们感兴趣的数学故事题时，学生们变得更加投人）”可推知，新的教学方法让学生们开始对数学感兴趣。故选D。
35．主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其倒数第二段“I used story problems as an opportunity to connect math to students’ lives by creating fictional math-based stories. First, students would work in small groups to go through the chapter in their math textbook and collect the story problems. Then students would develop factual stories rooted in authentic math story problems.（我用故事问题作为一个机会，通过创造基于数学的虚构故事，将数学与学生的生活联系起来。首先，学生们将以小组形式学习数学教科书中的章节，并收集故事题。然后，学生们将根据真实的数学故事问题发展事实故事）”和最后一段的“When they used creative writing skills to develop math story problems about things they were interested in, students became more engaged.（当他们运用创造性的写作技巧来解决他们感兴趣的数学故事题时，学生们变得更加投人）”可知，文章主要讲述作者和合作的老师把事件编成数学故事题，让学生们通过故事学数学。故选A。
阅读【河北省省级联测2021-2022学年高三上学期第一次考试】
Summer Camps for Kids
Drama Camps
Drama camps are a great choice for children wanting to be actors. Most drama camps have a weekly theme. So with that being said, be sure to pick the week that your child is most excited about. You will find many have Harry Potter, Princess, and even Dr. Suess themed weeks.
Drama camps are filled with fun acting lessons, singing lessons, and typically a production showcase at the end of each week for the campers to showcase their new skills and talents they have learned.
Camp Fire
This camp is available in 25 cities and has different program options. If you are looking into summer camps for teenagers then this is the camp for you.
While at Camp Fire the camp counselors help engage teens in outdoor activities and allow them to leave technology behind during the course of camp!
At the end of this camp you will be picking up your teenager who has made new friends, challenged themselves and has made lasting memories for themselves.
Summer Reading Camps
Summer reading camps are perfect for your kids who are wanting to sharpen their reading skills and increase their love of reading. Start by checking with a nearby college to see if they offer any reading camps during the summer. Many offer high quality literacy resources through the summer and help promote literacy throughout the county.
These are usually free or a very reasonable cost.
YMCA Summer Day Camps
Your local YMCA is a great place for your kids to attend summer day camps. They offer very safe and enriching environments for all their campers.
Their main goal is to help their campers build self-confidence, improve their social skills and take on new challenges in forms of fun activities.
1．Which camp is suitable for a kid who is addicted to mobile games?
A．Drama Camps. B．Camp Fire.
C．Summer Reading Camps. D．YMCA Summer Day Camps.
2．How will the campers become after attending YMCA Summer Day Camps?
A．Confident. B．Creative. C．Athletic. D．Honest.
3．Who is this text mainly intended for?
A．Parents. B．Teachers. C．Children. D．The public.
【答案】1．B2．A3．A
【解析】这是一篇应用文。介绍了四种适合不同孩子的夏令营。
1．细节理解题。根据 Camp Fire 部分中“While at Camp Fire the camp counselors help engage teens in outdoor activities and allow them to leave technology behind during the course of camp!(在Camp Fire，夏令营辅导员帮助青少年参加户外活动，并允许他们在夏令营期间将技术抛在身后！)”可知，Camp Fire 适合对手机游戏上瘾的孩子。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据 YMCA Summer Day Camps 部分中“Their main goal is to help their campers build self-confidence, improve their social skills and take on new challenges in forms of fun activities.(他们的主要目标是帮助他们的营员建立自信，提高他们的社交技能，并以有趣的活动形式接受新的挑战)”可知，参加完YMCA夏令营后，营员们会变成自信的人。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据Drama Camps 部分中“So with that being said, be sure to pick the week that your child is most excited about.(所以说，一定要选择你的孩子最兴奋的那一周)”； Camp Fire 部分中“At the end of this camp you will be picking up your teenager who has made new friends, challenged themselves and has made lasting memories for themselves.(在这个夏令营的最后，你将会认识你的孩子，他们结交了新朋友，挑战了自己，为自己留下了永久的回忆)”；Summer Reading Camps 部分中“Summer reading camps are perfect for your kids who are wanting to sharpen their reading skills and increase their love of reading.(对于想要提高阅读技能和增加阅读爱好的孩子来说，阅读夏令营是完美的选择)”以及YMCA Summer Day Camps 部分中“Your local YMCA is a great place for your kids to attend summer day camps.(当地的YMCA是你孩子参加夏令营的好地方)”可推知，这篇文章是针对家长的。故选 A。
After the recent storms, many Texans have been in desperate need of a plumber (管道工). Unfortunately, with pipes burst all over the state, and plumbing materials difficult to find, many families have been left without water and with their homes flooded.
In response to the cry for help from overwhelmed plumbers in the south, Andrew Mitchell and his family loaded up their car with $ 2,000 worth of materials and drove down to Texas to help.
The plumber, his wife, Kisha Pinnock, their two-year-old son, and brother-in-law, also his apprentice (学徒)，Isiah Pinnock, made the 22-hour journey from their home in New Jersey with all the materials they could financially afford. Their first stop was to help Pinnock's sister in Humble, Texas.
From there > Mitchell and his apprentice一who is actually a college senior一went to other homes to help. Mitchell's wife said that the pair would come in at 2 a. m. and head back out at 7：30 in the morning.
“It's really a blessing to be a blessing to other people and Andrew truly enjoys the work," she explained, adding, "plumbing is his passion."
The family has been in Texas for nearly a week, and they wish to continue helping others as long as they have the materials to do so. There's a huge need for their services lot of the people we've helped were telling us they either can't get a plumber on the phone or一if they do get one on the phone一the wait to be serviced is three to four weeks out, so they can't have water during that entire time,” Pinnock pointed out.
Mitchell has said that he might make a return trip, so that he can continue to be the blessing he truly has been to his southern neighbors.
4．What is a challenge in repairing the pipes?
A．The damage is too serious. B．The area is too large.
C．The lack of materials. D．The place is too remote.
5．At whose request did Mitchell come to Texas to help?
A．The plumbers in Texas. B．The residents in Texas.
C．The government of Texas. D．The members of his family.
6．What can we infer from paragraph 4?
A．Isiah Pinnock is a college graduate.
B．Mitchell has only a few hours to sleep.
C．It's boring to repair the damaged pipes.
D．MitchelPs wife doesn't want him to do it.
7．Why did Mitchell say that he might make a return trip?
A．To get more blessings. B．To get some relaxation.
C．To fetch more materials. D．To find more people in need.
【答案】4．C5．A6．B7．C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了暴风雨之后,管道工米切尔千里驰援,帮助德克萨斯州的居民们修理水管的感人故事。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“ plumbing materials difficult to find（管道材料很难找到）”可知，受灾地区的困难之一是修理需要的材料短缺。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ In response to the cry for help from overwhelmed plumbers in the south（这是为了回应南方不知所措的水管工的求助）”可知，Mitchell 是为了回应不堪重负的德克萨斯州管道工们的求助而来的。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“ the pair would come in at 2 a.m. and head back out at 7: 30 in the morning.（这两个人会在凌晨2点进来，然后在早上7点半离开。）”可知，这两个人凌晨两点才能回家，第二天早上 7 点半就又去了。由此推测米切尔每天最多只能睡5个小时左右。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“ and they wish to continue helping others as long as they have the materials to do so.（他们希望继续帮助别人，只要他们有材料。）”可知,只要他们有足够的原材料,就可以帮助更多的人。所以最后一段中提到“Mitchell has said that he might make a return trip, so that he can continue to be the blessing...（米切尔说他可能会做一个回程，这样他就可以继续被祝福…… ”应该是回去取更多的原材料以便继续帮助南方的人们修理坏掉的水管。故选 C。
If Siri had any feelings, she would know she was being teased. When 10-year-old Belinda and her friends play, they sometimes ask Siri questions in the hope she will say something random and make them laugh. “Do a rap,” they urge Siri, “Tell us a bedtime story.”
Belinda and her friends have grown up interacting with artificial intelligence(AI) in the form of Siri, Alexa and Google. They were born into a world of portable devices.
In 2010 when the first of their generation were born, Apple released the first iPad, internet activist Julian Assange published thousands of classified documents, Mark Zuckerberg was Time s person of the year.
Mark McCrindle, Sydney-based social researcher, first coined the term Generation Alpha to describe those born between about 2010 and 2024 in his book Generation Alpha. He said this generation have access to more technology? information and external influences than any generation before them, and at a younger age.
Belinda has had an iPad since year 3 and is allowed to use her iPad after doing violin and piano practice. "It's always 'Can I use my iPad, I'll do that afterwards7 and the afterwards never happens,” Catherine says, “Change the order and it gets done.”
Belinda is on guard against "stranger danger" and ensures her privacy settings, which mean that only her friends can join her in games. On occasion Belinda has wiped all her apps off her iPad, worried that she has disclosed too much, such as her date of birth and photo. When she downloads apps now she doesn't use her real date of birth.
In his book, McCrindle says, " In some ways, Generation Alpha are part of an unintentional global experiment in which screens are placed in front of them from the youngest age so we should pay attention to the addictive nature of devices and internet security."
8．Why is Siri mentioned in paragraph 1?
A．To prove Siri is very intelligent. B．To point out kids often feel bored.
C．To indicate Siri needs to be improved. D．To show Al is part o£ Belinda's life.
9．What distinguishes the Generation Alpha from other generations?
A．They are more independent. B．They are more willing to help others.
C．They are exposed to more technology. D．They are more devoted to social activities.
10．Which word can best describe Belinda?
A．Adaptable. B．Caring. C．Shy. D．Cautious.
11．What is mainly talked about in the last paragraph?
A．McCrindle5s book. B．McCrindle's concern.
C．The harm of screens. D．Ways to deal with devices.
【答案】8．D9．C10．D11．B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“阿尔法一代”这一说法的由来，同时也介绍了作为“阿尔法一代”的一员，Belinda 从小接触电子产品的情况。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段“If Siri had any feelings, she would know she was being teased. When 10-year-old Belinda and her friends play, they sometimes ask Siri questions in the hope she will say something random and make them laugh. “Do a rap,” they urge Siri, “Tell us a bedtime story.”(如果Siri有感情的话，她就会知道自己被戏弄了。10岁的贝琳达和她的朋友们玩的时候，有时会问Siri一些问题，希望她会随便说点什么，逗他们笑。“来段说唱，”他们催促Siri，“给我们讲个睡前故事。”)”以及第二段“Belinda and her friends have grown up interacting with artificial intelligence(AI) in the form of Siri, Alexa and Google. They were born into a world of portable devices.( Belinda和她的朋友们在成长过程中一直与Siri、Alexa和谷歌等人工智能互动。他们出生在一个便携式设备的世界)”可推知，作者提到 Siri 的目的是表明人工智能已经渗透到 Belinda 的生活，成为了她生活的一部分。故选 D。
9．细节理解题。根据第四段“Mark McCrindle, Sydney-based social researcher, first coined the term Generation Alpha to describe those born between about 2010 and 2024 in his book Generation Alpha. He said this generation have access to more technology information and external influences than any generation before them, and at a younger age.(悉尼社会学家Mark McCrindle在他的著作《一代阿尔法》中首次提出了“一代阿尔法”这个词，用来描述2010年至2024年出生的人。他说，这一代人比之前的任何一代人都能接触到更多的技术信息和外部影响，而且年龄更小)”可知，阿尔法一代的孩子们出生在一个便携式设备的世界，因此他们比其他代的孩子们能够更多地接触到科技。故选 C。
10．推理判断题。根据第六段“Belinda is on guard against "stranger danger" and ensures her privacy settings, which mean that only her friends can join her in games. On occasion Belinda has wiped all her apps off her iPad, worried that she has disclosed too much, such as her date of birth and photo. When she downloads apps now she doesn't use her real date of birth.( Belinda警惕“陌生人危险”，并确保自己的隐私设置，这意味着只有她的朋友才能加入游戏。有时候，Belinda会把iPad上所有的应用程序都删掉，因为她担心自己泄露了太多信息，比如出生日期和照片。现在，当她下载应用程序时，她不用自己的真实出生日期)”可知，Belinda 对陌生人危险非常警惕，而且因为担心暴露自己太多信息而会时常删掉一些应用程序，可推知，Belinda是非常谨慎的。故选 D。
11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“In his book, McCrindle says, 'In some ways, Generation Alpha are part of an unintentional global experiment in which screens are placed in front of them from the youngest age so we should pay attention to the addictive nature of devices and internet security.'”(在他的书中，McCrindle说：“在某些方面，Alpha一代是无意中全球实验的一部分，在这个实验中，屏幕从最年轻的年龄开始就被放在他们的面前，所以我们应该注意设备的成瘾特性和网络安全。”)”可知，最后一段主要讲述了 McCrindle 的担忧。故选 B。
If you have ever tried to catch a resting butterfly, you know it is surprisingly difficult. A new study helps explain why.
Previous research had suggested that a butterfly's overhead wing clap forces the insect forward. Researchers thought the wing clap likely formed a pocket of air that shoots out like a jet. But no one had tested that until now.
To analyze their flight, they placed six butterflies one at a time inside a wind tunnel which was filled with smoke and then used a laser to light up the smoke just behind the butterfly. Four high-speed cameras were placed in the tunnel to take photos of the movement of the butterfly and the smoke as the butterfly was taking off. This let the researchers create a 3D picture of that air movement as the insect flapped its wings.
They analyzed a total of 25 takeoffs by six butterflies. Each included up to three wingbeats after takeoff. The butterflies proved more likely to clap their wings together during the first few wingbeats than later in flight.
The photos show that forces created by the wings give rise to a flight path. The butterflies rise as their wings move down and shoot forward as their wings move up. A wing clap on takeoff, paired with a quick turn, allowed the butterflies to fly away quickly. They also noticed the wings formed an air pocket just before clapping and that the wings' flexibility and this pocket improved the jet force created by the clap.
“The study is exalting,” says Ayodeji Bode-Oke, a mechanical engineer in Charlottesville. That means “we have solved the longtime puzzle about how butterflies fly, and it proves nothing is impossible on the road of scientific research. I can't wait to learn about how the study might inform designs for small flying vehicles.”
12．Why was laser used in the experiment?
A．To frighten the butterflies into flying. B．To help researchers observe the butterflies.
C．To help take clear photos of air movement. D．To guide the butterflies through the smoke.
13．What is the finding of the research according to paragraph 5?
A．Butterflies fly forward as wings move down.
B．An air pocket forms after butterflies clap wings.
C．Butterflies beat wings three times before taking off.
D．Upward wing movements help butterflies fly forward.
14．What does the underlined word “exalting" in the last paragraph probably mean?
A．Puzzling. B．Exciting. C．Simple. D．Impossible.
15．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Why Can Butterflies Fly Like a Jet? B．How Can Butterflies Make Wing Claps?
C．How Can Butterflies Make Quick Turns? D．Why Can Butterflies Run Away Quickly?
【答案】12．C13．D14．B15．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项科学研究，解释了长期以来困扰人们的疑问：蝴蝶为什么能够迅速起飞从而逃过被抓的危险。
12．细节理解题。根据第三段“To analyze their flight, they placed six butterflies one at a time inside a wind tunnel which was filled with smoke and then used a laser to light up the smoke just behind the butterfly. Four high-speed cameras were placed in the tunnel to take photos of the movement of the butterfly and the smoke as the butterfly was taking off. This let the researchers create a 3D picture of that air movement as the insect flapped its wings.(为了分析它们的飞行，他们把六只蝴蝶一次一只放在一个充满烟雾的风洞里，然后用激光照亮蝴蝶身后的烟雾。4台高速摄像机被放置在隧道中，以拍摄蝴蝶的运动和蝴蝶起飞时产生的烟雾。这使得研究人员能够绘制出昆虫扇动翅膀时空气运动的3D图像)”可知，在实验中使用激光是为了帮助拍摄清楚的空气运动的照片。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据第五段中“The butterflies rise as their wings move down and shoot forward as their wings move up.(蝴蝶在翅膀向下移动时上升，在翅膀向上移动时向前飞行)”可知，蝴蝶的翅膀向上移动，它们就会向前飞。故选 D。
14．词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“The study is exalting(这项研究令人振奋)”以及“I can't wait to learn about how the study might inform designs for small flying vehicles. (我迫不及待地想知道这项研究将如何影响小型飞行器的设计)”可推知，Bode-Oke 认为这项研究非常令人兴奋。划线词是“令人兴奋的”，故选 B。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“If you have ever tried to catch a resting butterfly, you know it is surprisingly difficult. A new study helps explain why.(如果你曾经试图抓住一只正在休息的蝴蝶，你就会知道这是非常困难的。 一项新的研究有助于解释其中的原因)”可知，本文开头提出人们不知道为什么抓到一只蝴蝶会很难，一项研究帮助解决了这个疑惑，然后在文中介绍了这个实验过程以及研究发现。可知，D选项“为什么蝴蝶逃跑得很快？”最符合文章标题。故选D。
阅读【江苏省如东高级中学2021-2022学年高三上学期第一次学情检测】
Do you want to get home from work knowing you have made a real difference in someone’s life? If yes, don’t care about sex or age! Come and join us, then you’ll make it!
Position: Volunteer Social Care Assistant (No Pay with Free Meals)
Place: Manchester
Hours: Part Time
We are now looking for volunteers to support people with learning disabilities to live active lives! Only 4 days left. Don’t miss the chance of lending your warm hands to help others!
Role:
You will provide people with learning disabilities with all aspects of their daily lives. You will help them to develop new skills. You will help them to protect their rights and their safety. But your primary concern is to let them know they are valued.
Skills and Experience Required:
You will have the right values and great listening skills. You will be honest and patient. You will have the ability to drive a car and to communicate in fluent written and spoken English since you’ll have to help those people with different learning disabilities. Previous care-related experience will be a great advantage for you.
1．What is the purpose of the article?
A．To carry an advertisement. B．To send an invitation.
C．To leave a note. D．To present a document.
2．What is the volunteers’ primary responsibility?
A．To help people with learning disabilities to learn new living skills.
B．To help people with learning disabilities to get some financial support.
C．To help people with learning disabilities to properly protect themselves.
D．To help people with learning disabilities to realize their own importance.
3．Which of the following can first be chosen as a volunteer?
A．The one who can drive a car.
B．The one who can speak English fluently.
C．The one who has relevant work experience.
D．The one who has the patience to listen to others.

【答案】1．A2．D3．C
【解析】本文应用文。文章主要内容是招募愿意帮助有学习障碍的志愿工作者。在广告中提到了招募的志愿者的职位是Volunteer Social Care Assistant ，志愿者将要工作的时间，地点，待遇（没有报酬但是提供免费饭菜），以及对申请人员的具体要求和工作内容，同时要求志愿者需要有爱心，而且有类似的工作经验的人会优先录用。
1．推理判断题。文章开头“Do you want to get home from work knowing you have made a real difference in someone’s life? If yes, don’t care about sex or age! Come and join us, then you’ll make it!(你想知道自己的工作真的改变了某人的生活吗？如果是，不介意性别或年龄！来加入我们吧，那你就会成功了！)”以自问自答的方式向人们发出号召，让人们参与到志愿活动中，然后在下文详细介绍了志愿者工作的地点、时间、任务、要求等，由此可知文章主要目的是宣传这个广告，故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“But your primary concern is to let them know they are valued.(但你最关心的是让他们知道他们是有价值的。)”可知，志愿者们除了帮助保护智障患者的安全外，最重要的任务就是让那些被帮助的人感到自身的价值和重要性。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据文章末段的小标题Skill and Experience Required和末段中“Previous care-related experience will be a great advantage for you.(以前的与护理相关的经验将会是你的一大优势。)”可知，先前有过相关经验的人在申请这项工作时会优先得到录用。故选C。
One of the greatest challenges in caring for such intelligent animals as chimpanzees (猩猩) is providing them with enriching experiences. Every day, the chimpanzees at Project Chimps receive morning and evening food-based enrichment devices, but caregivers are always looking for more ways to keep the chimps mentally engaged. With 79 chimpanzees, each with their distinctive personality, care staff often find that different chimps react differently to new enrichment.
Last year, we began inviting musicians to perform for chimps to see what they may respond. A violin performance received quite the response. Additional musicians were lined up to visit but the coronavirus has stopped the activities, which we hope to resume in the near future.
This past week, we brought an electric piano for the chimps to investigate. Some chimps, like twins Buttercup and Clarisse, were immediately interested and could not wait to tap out a few notes. Others, like Emma, were more interested in trying to take it apart.
29-year-old Precious has very little tolerance for the piano. She sat off to the side for a few minutes, but eventually she decided that was enough. She called an end to the enrichment session by throwing a handful of waste at the piano. Receiving her message loud and clear, we removed the piano.
We could never have guessed how 33-year-old Luke would react to it. As with many retired lab chimpanzees, Luke has some anxiety issues. He seems particularly distrustful of anything new, including people, food, and enrichment. But when we presented the chimps with the piano, Luke was the first to investigate. We could not believe our eyes—this usually anxious chimpanzee bravely chose to explore something new!
To us at Project Chimps, this is what it is all about: giving chimpanzees the freedom to choose. We are honored to be part of their journey.
4．Why do chimpanzees respond differently to new enrichment?
A．They are of different genders.
B．They have natural curiosities.
C．They are as intelligent as humans.
D．They have their unique characters.
5．Who showed the least interest in the piano?
A．Buttercup and Clarisse. B．Emma. C．Precious. D．Luke.
6．What does the underlined word “resume” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Continue. B．Suspend. C．Monitor. D．Regulate.
7．What is the text mainly about?
A．How caregivers care for the retired chimpanzees.
B．What care staff do to enrich chimpanzees’ daily life.
C．How chimpanzees are trained through various enrichment.
D．What Project Chimps does to observe and study wild chimps.
【答案】4．D5．C6．A7．B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了“黑猩猩计划”的护理人员如何通过各种方法丰富黑猩猩的生活的故事。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“With 79 chimpanzees, each with their distinctive personality, care staff often find that different chimps react differently to new enrichment. (有79只黑猩猩，每只都有各自独特的个性，护理人员经常发现，不同的黑猩猩对新事物的反应不同)”可知，每只猩猩都有自己独特的个性，所以对新事物会有不同的反应；选项D意为“他们有自己独特的性格”，与原文相符。故选D项。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段前三句的“29-year-old Precious has very little tolerance for the piano. She sat off to the side for a few minutes, but eventually she decided that was enough. She called an end to the enrichment session by throwing a handful of waste at the piano. (29岁的Precious对钢琴的承受力很小。她在一旁坐了几分钟，但最后她觉得已经够了。她向钢琴扔了几个垃圾，以此结束了丰富的演奏)”可知，Precious对钢琴最不感兴趣。故选C项。
6．词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Additional musicians were lined up to visit but the coronavirus has stopped the activities, which we hope to resume in the near future. (更多的音乐家排队等着来为黑猩猩们演奏，但冠状病毒已经导致这个活动停止了，我们希望在不久的将来恢复这个活动)”，可知这个让音乐家给猩猩演奏乐器的活动因为新冠病毒被迫中止，但是我们希望在不久的将来能恢复这个活动，即继续进行这个活动。选项A意为“继续”，与原文相符。故选A项。
7．主旨大意题。根据第一段前两句“One of the greatest challenges in caring for such intelligent animals as chimpanzees (猩猩) is providing them with enriching experiences. Every day, the chimpanzees at Project Chimps receive morning and evening food-based enrichment devices, but caregivers are always looking for more ways to keep the chimps mentally engaged. (照顾像黑猩猩这样聪明的动物最大的挑战之一是为他们提供丰富的生活体验。每天，“黑猩猩计划”的黑猩猩都会收到早晚的伴随食物一起的丰富体验，但护理人员总是在寻找更多的方法让黑猩猩保持精神状态)”，以及最后一段“To us at Project Chimps, this is what it is all about: giving chimpanzees the freedom to choose. We are honored to be part of their journey. (对于从事黑猩猩计划的我们来说，这就是它的全部意义：给予黑猩猩选择的自由。我们很荣幸能成为他们旅程的一部分)”可知，本文主要讲述了参与“黑猩猩计划”的护理人员为了丰富黑猩猩的生活而采取的各种措施；选项B意为“护理人员如何丰富黑猩猩的日常生活”，与原文相符。故选B项。
Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris was badly damaged in the fire. It was heartbreaking and it sounded the alarm for the protection of cultural relics(遗迹)at the same time. It would have been better to have three-dimensional scans before.
3D scanning technology can be used to scan both inside and outside of an important cultural relic to get accurate 3D data and then a 3D printer is used to copy a smaller version, which will be very useful for the repair work.
In order to obtain accurate data about cultural relics, the experts use high-tech three-dimensional laser(激光)scanner and other means to describe the shape of the original cultural relics very accurately. Then, the model is printed out by a 3D printer. Finally, the copied cultural relics are processed, including surface color, decoration processing and so on.
Three-dimensional printing technology has a very apparent advantage. It can adjust the size of prints according to the need，and can easily obtain one-third and one-half of the size of original cultural relics. This is difficult or even impossible to do in traditional reproduction.
At present, all parts of China are accelerating the digital protection of cultural relics and recording ancient cultural relics with modern science and technology. For example, the Yungang Grottoes(石窟)Research Institute, together with the digital team of the Institute of Cultural Heritage of Zhejiang University, has restored the third grotto of Yungang Grottoes at a ratio(比例)of 1: 1 for two years.
Throughout the process of restoration of 3D printed cultural relics, the probability of secondary damage caused by human touch is low, and the artistic value of cultural relics can be rebuilt to the maximum degree. The world can appreciate the beauty of classical cultural relics more deeply.
8．Why is Notre Dame Cathedral mentioned in the first paragraph?
A．To raise people’s awareness of safety.
B．To remind people of the famous building.
C．To serve as an introduction to the topic.
D．To appeal for preservation of cultural relics.
9．What is the obvious advantage of 3D technology compared with traditional reproduction?
A．It can save a lot of professionals.
B．It can help resize the reproductions of the cultural relics.
C．It can reproduce cultural relics as what they were.
D．It can change the shapes of the original cultural relics.
10．What can be known about using 3D technology in reproducing cultural relics from the last paragraph?
A．No further damage is done while repairing.
B．Their artistic value is regained as much as possible.
C．The digital models will replace the original cultural relics.
D．Handwork in reproducing cultural relics will disappear soon.
11．What can be a suitable title of the text?
A．3D Printing in China
B．Protection of Cultural Relics
C．Developments of 3D Technology
D．3D Technology in Cultural Relics Restoration
【答案】8．C9．B10．B11．D
【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了3D打印技术在文物保护中的应用与其优势。
8．推理判断题。根据第自一然段“Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris was badly damaged in the fire. It was heartbreaking and it sounded the alarm for the protection of cultural relics(遗迹)at the same time. It would have been better to have three-dimensional scans before. (巴黎圣母院在大火中严重受损。令人心碎的同时，也为文物保护敲响了警钟。如果以前能有三维扫描，情况就会好很多)”结合下文介绍3D技术在文物保护方面的应用可推知，讲巴黎圣母院遭受火灾，文物受损的目的是引出三维扫描技术在文物保护中的应用这一话题。故选C项。
9．细节理解题。根据第四自然段“Three-dimensional printing technology has a very apparent advantage. It can adjust the size of prints according to the need，and can easily obtain one-third and one-half of the size of original cultural relics. This is difficult or even impossible to do in traditional reproduction. (三维打印技术具有非常明显的优势。它可以根据需要调整印刷品的大小，很容易获得原始文物大小的三分之一或一半大小。这在传统的复制中是很难甚至不可能做到的)”可知，与传统的复制技术相比，三维打印技术可以根据需要调整印刷品的大小。故选B项。
10．细节理解题。根据第六自然段“Throughout the process of restoration of 3D printed cultural relics, the probability of secondary damage caused by human touch is low, and the artistic value of cultural relics can be rebuilt to the maximum degree. (在3D打印文物修复的整个过程中，由于人的触摸造成二次损伤的概率较低，文物的艺术价值可以得到最大程度的恢复)”可知，运用3D打印技术进行文物修复可以最大程度地恢复文物的艺术价值。故选B项。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一自然段“It would have been better to have three-dimensional scans before. (如果以前能有三维扫描就更好了)”，第四自然段“Three-dimensional printing technology has a very apparent advantage. It can adjust the size of prints according to the need，and can easily obtain one-third and one-half of the size of original cultural relics. This is difficult or even impossible to do in traditional reproduction. (三维打印技术具有非常明显的优势。它可以根据需要调整印刷品的大小，很容易获得原始文物大小的三分之一或一半大小。这在传统的复制中是很难甚至不可能做到的)”和第六自然段“Throughout the process of restoration of 3D printed cultural relics, the probability of secondary damage caused by human touch is low, and the artistic value of cultural relics can be rebuilt to the maximum degree. (在3D打印文物修复的整个过程中，由于人的触摸造成二次损伤的概率较低，文物的艺术价值可以得到最大程度的恢复)”可知，本文主要介绍了3D打印技术在文物保护中的应用与其优势。故选D项。
My two­ and four­year­old boys love to win, whether they're racing their bikes down the sidewalk or just finishing their snacks. It's true that those with high status, from world leaders and prize winners to athletes and movie stars, are people we like and respect. A recent study published in Nature Human Behaviour showed that we seem to have an innate (天生的) preference for high­ranking people—but only if those people aren't hurtful toward others.
Researchers showed toddlers (aged 21 to 31 months) a scene where two puppets (木偶) approached one another from opposite sides of a stage and one bowed to let the other pass first. Asked which puppet they liked better, 18 of the 21 toddlers in the experiment reached for the puppet who had been allowed to pass. Because respect from others is a marker of status, this suggests that children have a preference for those with a higher status — even before age three.
However, the results were quite different when two puppets approached one another and one used force to knock the other down before continuing to the other side. In this case, 18 of the 21 toddlers reached for the one who was knocked down. As the researchers concluded, “When approaching others, very young children care not only who wins, but also how.” The previous experiment has shown that toddlers know about social status but this experiment went one step further by proving they have an obvious preference for high status. Since the participants were so young, this might even be an innate human preference.
In a word, this new research suggests that young children appreciate people who do well while at the same time doing good to others. So, when my four­ year­ old thinks that he has to get his shoes on first, I'll keep reminding him that helping his brother so they both finish faster is what winning is all about.
12．What do we tend to do according to the first paragraph?
A．Seek challenges all the time.
B．Admire high­ranking people.
C．Take advantage of high status.
D．Hurt others with offensive words.
13．Why did toddlers prefer the puppet allowed to pass?
A．It looked lovely.
B．It behaved smartly.
C．It seemed polite.
D．It was respected.
14．What can we infer from the latter study?
A．People naturally dislike unkind behavior.
B．Toddlers care little about high social status.
C．Slower people are better loved by toddlers.
D．Being helpful contributes to being supported.
15．What should we do when we encourage children to win?
A．Instruct them to use proper and creative ways.
B．Advise them to be as hardworking as possible.
C．Remind them to be considerate to other people.
D．Tell them to try to cooperate with someone else.
【答案】12．B13．D14．A15．C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们更喜欢和尊敬地位高而又无害于他人的人，这似乎是一种天性，即使是蹒跚学步的孩子也是如此。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“A recent study published in Nature Human Behaviour showed that we seem to have an innate（天生的）preference for high-ranking peoples——but only if those people aren’t hurtful toward others.(发表在《自然人类行为》杂志上的最新一项研究表明，我们似乎天生就更喜欢地位高的人——但是前提是这些人不伤害别人)”可知，我们更倾向于敬佩那些地位高的人。故选B项。
13．推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Because respect from others is a marker of status, this suggests that children have a preference for those with a higher status—even before age three.(因为受到他人的尊重是一种地位的标志，这表明，孩子们会偏爱那些地位更高的人——甚至在三岁之前)”可知，蹒跚学步的孩子更喜欢那个被允许通过的木偶，是因为它代表着受人尊敬，孩子们更喜欢受尊敬的人。故选D项。
14．推理判断题。根据第三段的第二句“In this case, 18 of the 21 toddlers reached for the one who was knocked down.”和最后一句“Since the participants were so young, this might even be an innate human preference.”可知，21个蹒跚学步的孩子中有18个会走向被撞倒的人，而由于孩子太小，这甚至可能是人类与生俱来的偏好。由此可推断出，人们天生不喜欢不友善的行为。故选A项。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“In a word, this new research suggests that young children appreciate people who do well while at the same time doing good to others.”可知，这个研究表明年幼的孩子欣赏那些表现出色同时为别人做好事的人。由此可推断出，我们鼓励孩子去赢的同时，提醒他们要体谅他人。故选C项。
阅读【辽宁省渤海大学附属高级中学2021-2022学年高三上学期第一次考试】
Though online ordering is popular in the UK today，hands­on experience still attracts many buyers' attention.
Oxford Street
London is a shoppers' paradise，and most visitors head for Oxford Street.Halfway along is Selfridges，one of the world's first department stores where the architecture and window dressing impress you even before you go in.There are at least four other major stores on this street，plus Europe's largest music shop.In December the atmosphere is especially festive because of the Christmas lights which are always lighted by a politician，a great sportsman，or a super star.
Kensington High Street
A fashionable area for shopping is Kensington High Street.One of its department stores even has a roof garden—good for relaxing between purchases.There's also an organic food superstore.
Borough Market
You can't visit London without going to a supermarket.One of the oldest and best for food is probably Borough Market on the south bank of the Thames.Get off the underground at London Bridge and wander among fresh fish stalls，bakeries，and fruit and vegetable sellers.You can also buy specialities to take away，like cheeses，pork pies，mustard and chutney.
More places for bargains
Portobello Road Market on a Saturday is your best choice for jewelry or collector's items.It's a short walk from the underground station at Notting Hill Gate and you never know what you will find.For clothes，Camden Market is the place.It gets a little crowded at the weekends，though.Convent Garden Market offers great experience for the simple pleasure of looking at jewelry and gifts.
1．Oxford Street becomes special in December for ________.
A．the wonderful window dressing
B．the Europe's largest music shop
C．the lights lighted by a famous person
D．many bargains to choose from
2．To enjoy food，you can go to ________.
A．Camden Market
B．Borough Market
C．Kensington High Street
D．Portobello Road Market
3．Where is this passage probably taken from?
A．A science book. B．A traveler's journal.
C．A news report. D．A trip guide.
【答案】1．C2．B3．D
【解析】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了几处在英国购物的好去处。
1．考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句“In December the atmosphere is especially festive because of the Christmas lights which are always lighted by a politician，a great sportsman，or a super star”可知，在12月(这里的)气氛特别喜庆，因为圣诞(彩)灯总是由一位政治家、伟大的运动员或超级明星点亮。根据第二段第二句可知，Selfridges百货公司的建筑和橱窗装饰都给人留下了深刻的印象，但与题干中所提及的12月份无关；根据第二段第三句可知，这里有欧洲最大的音乐商店，也与12月的特别气氛无关；D项文章中没有提及。故选C。
2．考查细节理解。根据第四段，尤其是第四段第二句“One of the oldest and best for food is probably Borough Market on the south bank of the Thames”可知，在Borough Market可以买到最好的食物，据此可知，如果你要享受美食，你可以去Borough Market。根据最后一段第三句“For clothes，Camden Market is the place”可知，Camden Market是一个卖衣服的地方，而不是卖食物的地方，故A项错误；根据第三段最后一句“There's also an organic food superstore”可知，Kensington High Street有有机食品商店，并没有提到美食，故C项错误；根据最后一段第一句“Portobello Road Market on a Saturday is your best choice for jewelry or collector's items”可知，Portobello Road Market卖珠宝或收藏品，而不是食品，故D项错误。所以答案为B。
3．考查推理判断。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了英国几个吸引游客的购物去处，包括Oxford Street、Kensington High Street、Borough Market 等。据此可以判断，本文最可能摘自旅游指南，故D项正确。
I’ve never been the kind of person to say, “it’s the thought that counts” when it comes to gifts. That was until a couple of weeks ago, when my kids gave me a present that blew me away.
For years now, I’ve been wanting to sell our home, the place where my husband and I raised our kids. But to me, this house is much more than just a building.
In the front room, there’s a wall that has hundreds of pencil lines, marking the progress of my children’s growth.
Every growth stage is marked in grey, with each child’s name and the date they were measured. Of all the objects and all the memories, it’s this one thing in a home that’s the hardest to leave behind. Friends I know have returned home after work only to discover their wall of heights has been freshly painted over. A new paint job wouldn’t normally be greeted by tears, but erasing that evidence of motherhood hurts more than it should. Our kids grow in so many ways, but the wall is physical evidence of their progress, right there for everyone to see.
Over the years, I’ve talked about how much I would hate leaving that wall behind when I moved, even though the last marks were made 10 years ago when my kids stopped growing.
So one day, while I was at work, my children decided to do something about it.
They hired Jacquie Manning, a professional photographer whose work is about capturing (捕捉) the beautiful things in life, from clear lakes and skies to diamonds and ballgowns (舞会礼服).
She came to our house while I was at work, and over several hours, took photos of the hundreds of drawings and lines, little grey fingerprints (手印), and old marks. Somehow, she managed to photograph all those years of memories perfectly. Afterwards, she put all the photos together into one image, transforming them into a beautiful history of my family.
Three weeks later, my children’s wonderful gift made its way to me—a life-size photo of the pencil lines and fingerprints that represents entire lifetimes of love and growth.
4．The underlined phrase in Para. I “blew me away” probably means “________”.
A．attracted me B．surprised me
C．accepted me D．refused me
5．What does the house really mean to the author?
A．A house. B．Buildings.
C．An object. D．Memories.
6．What surprised the friends I know after work?
A．Finding the wall repainted.
B．Erasing the fingerprints.
C．Greeting them by tears.
D．Leaving the wall unfinished.
7．What is the best title for the text?
A．Gift Made with Love
B．Buildings Made by Children
C．A Very Wonderful Painting
D．A Family History
【答案】4．B5．D6．A7．A
【解析】这篇文章主要讲了作者把房子卖掉后，很伤感，因为房子的墙上有孩子们画的铅笔线条和手印，这些记载了孩子们的成长历程。后来，孩子们送给作者一个礼物，礼物是一个和实物一样大小的，由铅笔线和指印组成的照片，这个礼物令作者非常吃惊和感动，这个礼物代表了生命的成长和爱。
4．词义猜测题。结合最后一个自然段my children’s wonderful gift made its way to me—a life-size photo of the pencil lines and fingerprints that represents entire lifetimes of love and growth.可知，礼物是一个和实物一样大小的，由铅笔线和指印组成的照片，这个礼物令作者非常吃惊，选B。
5．推理判断题。由第三段In the front room, there’s a wall that has hundreds of pencil lines, marking the progress of my children’s growth.和倒数第二段Somehow, she managed to photograph all those years of memories perfectly.可知，这个房子对作者意味着孩子们的成长历程，意味着回忆，选D。
6．推理判断题。由第四自然段中Friends I know have returned home after work only to discover their wall of heights has been freshly painted over.可推知，选A。
7．主旨大意题。由全文主题句Three weeks later, my children’s wonderful gift made its way to me—a life-size photo of the pencil lines and fingerprints that represents entire lifetimes of love and growth.可知，这篇文章主要讲了作者把房子卖掉后，很伤感，因为房子的墙上有孩子们画的铅笔线条和手印，这些记载了孩子们的成长历程。后来，孩子们送给作者一个礼物，礼物是一个和实物一样大小的，由铅笔线和指印组成的照片，这个礼物令作者非常吃惊和感动，这个礼物代表了生命的成长和爱，故选A。
Surfing the Internet for fun will make you a better employee, according to an Australian study.
The University of Melbourne study shows that people who use the Internet for their own reasons at work are about 9 percent more productive than those who do not. Study author Brent Coker said, “Surfing the Internet at times helps increase an employee's attention.”
“People need to relax for a bit to get back their attention,” Coker said on the university's website. “Having a short break, such as a quick surfing of the Internet, helps the mind to rest itself, leading to a higher total Internet attention for a day's work, and as a result, increases productivity (生产效率),” he said.
According to the study of 300 workers, 70 percent of people who use the Internet at work surf the Internet for their own reasons during office hours. Among the most popular surfing activities are searching for information about products, reading online news, playing online games and watching videos. “Firms spend a lot of money on software to block their employees from watching videos, using social networking sites or shopping online,” said Coker. “That's not always a good idea.”
However, Coker said the study looked at people who surfed the Internet in moderation (适度), or were on the Internet for less than 20 percent of their total time in the office. “Those who spend too much time surfing the Internet will have a lower productivity than those without.” he said.
8．What does the University of Melbourne study mainly show?
A．People who surf the Internet are good employees.
B．Not everyone surfs the Internet for fun during office hours.
C．The Internet is becoming more and more important in people's life.
D．Surfing the Internet for fun at times during office hours increases productivity.
9．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as one of the most popular surfing activities?
A．Watching videos.
B．Reading online news.
C．Reading online novels.
D．Playing online games.
10．The underlined word “block” in Paragraph 4 means “________”.
A．stop B．organize
C．protect D．separate
11．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．Those who never surf the Internet have the lowest productivity.
B．Spending too much time surfing the Internet reduces productivity.
C．Most people don't surf the Internet in moderation during office hours.
D．People should spend as little time as possible surfing the Internet.
【答案】8．D9．C10．A11．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项新的研究发现员工上班时间适度使用网络可以提高生产效率。
8．细节理解题。由第二段中的“The University of Melbourne study shows that people who use the Internet for their own reasons at work are about 9 percent more productive than those who do not. (墨尔本大学的研究表明，在工作中使用互联网的人比不上网的人工作效率高出9%)”可知，墨尔本大学的研究主要表明在办公时间偶尔上网娱乐可以提高工作效率。故选D项。
9．细节理解题。由第四段中的“Among the most popular surfing activities are searching for information about products, reading online news, playing online games and watching videos. (最受欢迎的冲浪活动包括搜索产品信息、阅读在线新闻、玩在线游戏和观看视频)”可知，并未提及“阅读在线小说”是最受欢迎的冲浪活动。故选C项。
10．词句猜测题。由第四段中的““Firms spend a lot of money on software to block their employees from watching videos, using social networking sites or shopping online,” said Coker. “That's not always a good idea.”(科克说：“公司在软件上花了很多钱block员工观看视频、使用社交网站或在线购物。”。“这并不总是个好主意。”)”和结合常识可知，公司是不希望员工在上班期间干与工作无关的事情的，所以公司会用软件来阻止员工上网放松，block在此处意为“阻止”。故选A项。
11．推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Those who spend too much time surfing the Internet will have a lower productivity than those without. (那些花太多时间上网的人的工作效率会低于那些没有时间上网的人)”可得出，花太多时间上网会降低工作效率。故选B项。
Owning a dog is associated with a significantly lower risk of heart disease and death, according to a comprehensive new study published by a team of Swedish researchers on Friday in the journal Scientific Reports.
The scientists followed 3.4 million people over the course of 12 years and found that adults who lived alone and owned a dog were 33 percent less likely to die during the study than adults who lived alone without dogs. In addition, the single adults with dogs were 36 percent less likely to die from heart disease.
“Dog ownership was especially prominent as a protective factor in persons living alone, which is a group reported previously to be at higher risk of heart disease and death than those living in a multi-person household,” Mwenya Mubanga, a Ph.D．student at Uppsala University in Uppsala, Sweden, and the lead junior author of the study, said in a statement announcing its findings. The link between dog ownership and lower mortality(死亡率)was less pronounced in adults who lived either with family members or partners, but still present, according to the study. “Perhaps a dog may stand in as an important family member in the single households,” Mubanga added. “Another interesting finding was that owners of dogs which were intended originally for hunting were most protected.”
The study, which is the largest to date on the health relations of owning a dog, suggested that some of the reasons dog owners may have a lower risk of mortality and heart disease were because dog owners walk more. “These kind of epidemiological (流行病学的)studies look for associations in large populations but do not provide answers on whether and how dogs could protect their owners from heart disease,” Tove Fall, a senior author of the study and a professor at Uppsala University, said in a statement
“We know that dog owners in general have a higher level of physical activity, which could be one explanation to the observed results,” Fall added. “Other explanations include an increased well-being and social contacts or effects of the dog on the bacterial microbiome(微生物菌群) in the owner.” Fall added that because all participants of dog owners in Sweden or other “European populations with similar culture regarding dog ownership.”
12．Why did the researchers do the study related to 3.4 million people’s health and the dogs?
A．To help Europeans,
B．To find their association.
C．To protect unhealthy adults.
D．To reduce risk of heart disease.
13．What does the underlined word “prominent” probably mean in Para.3?
A．Universal. B．Confusing.
C．Appealing. D．Important
14．What’s the main idea of the text?
A．Adults living with dogs are less likely to die.
B．Swedish people are very fond of animal pets.
C．Keeping a dog is a popular and healthy hobby.
D．Owning dogs reduces the risk of heart disease.
15．What’s the writer’s attitude towards owning a dog?
A．Positive. B．Negative.
C．Objective. D．Contradictory.
【答案】12．B13．D14．D15．C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。 文章讲述据《科学报告》期刊报道，瑞典研究者们对340万名瑞典人的研究发现，养狗的人死于心血管疾病或其他原因的风险较低。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段“The scientists followed 3.4 million people over the course of 12 years and found that adults who lived alone and owned a dog were 33 percent less likely to die during the study than adults who lived alone without dogs. （科学家们对340万人进行了为期12年的跟踪调查，发现养狗的独居成年人的死亡率比不养狗的独居成年人低33%。）”得知这个研究通过分析40岁-80岁的非养狗和登记养狗人群作对比， 就是为了发现人类健康和狗之间的关系。故选B。
13．词义猜测题。根据第三段““Dog ownership was especially prominent as a protective factor in persons living alone, which is a group reported previously to be at higher risk of heart disease and death than those living in a multi-person household,”Mwenya Mubanga, a Ph.D. student at Uppsala University in Uppsala, Sweden, and the lead junior author of the study, said in a statement announcing its findings.（“养狗对独居者的保护作用尤其突出，此前有报道称，独居者比多人家庭的人患心脏病和死亡的风险更高。” 瑞典乌普萨拉大学(Uppsala University)的博士生姆温亚·穆班加(Mwenya Mubanga)是这项研究的首席初级作者，他在一份声明中宣布了研究结果。）” 狗对独居的人有特别重要的保护作用。由此可推断prominent 意为“重要的”。A. Universal普遍的； B. Confusing令人困惑的；C. Appealing吸引人的；D. Important 重要的。故选D。
14．主旨大意题。根据首段“Owning a dog is associated with a significantly lower risk of heart disease and death, according to a comprehensive new study published by a team of Swedish researchers on Friday in the journal Scientific Reports.（瑞典研究人员周五在《科学报告》(Scientific Reports)杂志上发表的一项最新综合研究表明，养狗可大大降低患心脏病和死亡的风险。） ”得知本文报道，瑞典研究者们的研究发现，养狗的人死于心血管疾病的风险较低。故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据首段“Owning a dog is associated with a significantly lower risk of heart disease and death, according to a comprehensive new study published by a team of Swedish researchers on Friday in the journal Scientific Reports.（瑞典研究人员周五在《科学报告》(Scientific Reports)杂志上发表的一项最新综合研究表明，养狗可大大降低患心脏病和死亡的风险。） ”和文章大意得知作者只是客观的报道研究人员的发现。A. Positive.积极的； B. Negative.消极的；C. Objective.客观的；D. Contradictory矛盾的。故选C。
阅读【重庆南开中学高2021-2022学年高三上学期第一次质量检测】
Sesame prawn toast is an all-time favorite part of a Chinese takeaway but have you ever tried making your own? Not only does it make for a satisfying small snack, but it's also a great way to use up the leftover bread that's been sitting in your bread bin.
Prawn toast is a Hongkongese-Cantonese dim sum dish and is an example of an early form of fusion cuisine, combining prawn paste—a staple of Hong Kong cuisine-and toast, which originates from the West. Don't forget soy sauce or sweet chilli sauce for dipping.
Method:
1. Place the prawns, garlic, ginger, egg white, sugar and soy in a food processor and make a paste. Stir in the spring onion. Remove it into a bowl. Cover and put in the refrigerator for at least 30 minutes.
2. Lightly brush one side of each slice of bread with sesame oil. Spread the prawn mixture on top. Brush the beaten egg carefully over the top and sides and sprinkle with sesame seeds so they stick to the prawn mixture.
3. Heat an inch of vegetable oil in a deep frying pan until hot, and cook each piece of bread it's easier to cook one at a time. Firstly, cook the non-spread-side down for 1 minute, then carefully turn over and cook for 1-2 mins on the prawn side or until the sesame seeds are golden and the prawn paste is cooked through.
4. Cut each piece into four triangles and enjoy!
1．What do you know about prawn toast?
A．It used to be a kind of takeaway food. B．It can only be made from leftover bread.
C．It is a Hongkongese-Cantonese dim sum dish. D．It is a staple food which originates from the West.
2．How should the prawns be prepared before cooking?
A．It should be made into a paste. B．It should be stirred with bread
C．It should be shaped like a bowl D．It should be frozen for 20 minutes.
3．Which part of a magazine does the passage probably come from?
A．Health Tips. B．World Kitchen. C．Local Travel. D．Cultural Highlights.
【答案】1．C2．A3．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了制作芝麻虾吐司的步骤和方法。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Prawn toast is a Hongkongese-Cantonese dim sum dish and is an example of an early form of fusion cuisine, combining prawn paste—a staple of Hong Kong cuisine-and toast, which originates from the West.(虾吐司是一种港式粤菜点心，是早期融合菜肴的一个例子，它结合了香港菜的主食大虾酱和源自西方的吐司)”可知，虾吐司是一种港式粤菜点心。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“1. Place the prawns, garlic, ginger, egg white, sugar and soy in a food processor and make a paste.(1. 将虾、蒜、姜、蛋白、糖和酱油放入食品加工机中，做成糊)”可知，大虾在烹饪前应该把它做成糊状。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段“Sesame prawn toast is an all-time favorite part of a Chinese takeaway but have you ever tried making your own? Not only does it make for a satisfying small snack, but it's also a great way to use up the leftover bread that's been sitting in your bread bin.(芝麻虾吐司一直是中国外卖中最受欢迎的部分，但你试过自己做吗？这不仅是一种令人满意的小零食，也是一种很好的方式来消耗掉你面包箱里剩下的面包)”结合文章主要介绍了制作芝麻虾吐司的步骤和方法。可推知，这篇文章可能来自杂志的“世界厨房”版面。故选B。
I was excited about having a third child, but worried about the first year. A friend of mine who's a filmmaker said, "Why don't you just photograph the whole thing?" So I had one holder for the camera over the changing table and another where I nursed. I wasn't sure that anything would ever come out of it. I had not even looked at the photographs until a couple of months ago. They just seemed so quotidian that I couldn't imagine that they would be interesting at all. Time can turn photographs into metaphor or allow them to become a symbol instead of a documentary picture.
At the particular moment of having a newborn, mothers' needs are on the minds of the country. However, motherload is about what mothers don't show： the emotions and psychological states that we've all been socialized to bury. It's not so much about my personal existence as it is about the blurred（模糊的）existence, all that time spent keeping something alive.
Having a newborn is a very ugly, untidy time of life. I felt out of the picture. I felt very stressed and very needed, but also very invisible. The images get at that unreal quality of not feeling like a whole person. I'm not really in focus, because my brain isn't in focus either.
I can't tell you how many times I've checked an artist's biography to see, Oh God, she's so great, but does she have children? Like, are we in the same race? Because it's like running with weights on. But when I look at the pictures, I feel like a survivor.
4．The author documented the months following the birth of her third child because_________.
A．she felt the period very terrible B．she favored her third child most
C．she was encouraged by her friend D．she fell in love with the filmmaker
5．What does the underlined word "quotidian" in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．Fantastic. B．Ordinary.
C．Reliable. D．Familiar.
6．What does the author think of motherload?
A．Mothers prefer to socialize with others nearby.
B．Mothers attempt to uncover their mental states.
C．Mothers tend to have their own sense of existence ignored.
D．Mothers enjoy the sweet burden of keeping something alive.
7．Why does the author mention a great artist in the last paragraph?
A．Because she wants to show how weak she is.
B．Because she finds it good to have no children.
C．Because she loves reading the artist's biography.
D．Because she feels it hard to shoulder the motherload.
【答案】4．C5．B6．C7．D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者记录了自己从有了第三个孩子后在朋友的鼓励下拍摄下一切的经历和感受。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“A friend of mine who's a filmmaker said, "Why don't you just photograph the whole thing?"”(我的一个做电影的朋友说：“你为什么不把整件事都拍下来呢？”)可知，作者记录了她第三个孩子出生后的几个月，因为她受到了朋友的鼓励。故选C。
5．词句猜测题。根据第一段倒第二句中的“I couldn't imagine that they would be interesting at all”(我无法想象他们会很有趣)可知，此处是指它们很寻常，看不出来如何有趣，所以quotidian意为“寻常的”。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“However, motherload is about what mothers don't show: the emotions and psychological states that we've all been socialized to bury”(然而，“母亲负荷”指的是母亲没有表现出来的东西：我们都被社会化埋葬了的情绪和心理状态)可知，作者认为 “母亲负荷”是指母亲们往往忽视自己的存在感。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“Because it's like running with weights on. But when I look at the pictures, I feel like a survivor.”(因为这就像负重跑步。但当我看到这些照片时，我觉得自己像个幸存者。)可知，作者在最后一段提到了一位伟大的艺术家是因为她觉得承担母亲的重担很难。故选D。
Summer floods are an annual occurrence for many cities across China. According to the State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters, in 2012, urban flooding affected 184 cities, while in 2013 the number was 234, and last year it was 125, it said. Now, new measures are being introduced to reduce loss of life and the economic damage caused by flooding.
One of the most effective measures to increase the efficiency of storm drains in cities would be to reduce the storm-water runoff and raise the levels of water filtration（过滤）and conservation in urban areas, experts said. To solve the problem of urban flooding once and for all, the central government has decided to push forward the "Sponge City" program, which in part borrows the experiences of low-impact development from the United States and Canada in recent years.
The program will allow at least 60 percent of rainwater to soak into the ground, rather than being discharged into rivers. The level of filtration could be further raised in some areas with low levels of rainfall to increase the use of rainwater. The project includes the development of residential communities with storage ponds, filtration pools and wetlands, plus roads and squares built with materials that will allow storm water to soak into the ground more effectively, according to the guideline.
"It would require a major shift in ideas about urban construction. Rainwater should be regarded as a resource, rather than a burden to be dealt with. Concepts of urban construction should shift from the destruction of the ecosystem to its renewal," Chen Zhenggao, Minister of Housing and Urban-rural Development, told a work conference in May. "If the urban runoff cannot be effectively filtered into the ground, the floods that follow will cause the direct loss of life and property," he said. He also believes low-impact development represents the future of the country's urbanization drive. "It（the dealing with storm water）is an issue of public security. Thus it should be a compulsory requirement when new urban areas are being planned and built," he said.
8．The purpose to build a "Sponge City" is to________.
A．reduce the storm-water runoff in urban areas
B．raise the levels of water filtration and conservation
C．address the problem of urban flooding permanently
D．achieve low-impact development with borrowed experiences
9．What can we learn from Paragraph 3?
A．At most 60% of rainwater is to soak into the ground.
B．The level of filtration could be increased in areas with more rainfall.
C．Residential communities should be replaced by ponds, pools and wetlands
D．Roads should be built with materials allowing water to soak into the ground
10．What can we infer from Chen Zhenggao's remarks?
A．Floods take place because of the shift of the ecosystem
B．Floods will not happen when, urban runoff is filtered into rivers.
C．New urban construction concept means replacement of the ecosystem.
D．Low-impact urban development is a must to solve the issue of public security.
11．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Summer floods have always been an issue for cities
B．"Sponge City" program is set to soak up urban floodwater.
C．Rainwater should be regarded as a resource rather than a burden.
D．Low-impact development can change the situation of urban ecosystem
【答案】8．C9．D10．D11．B
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述夏季洪水是中国许多城市每年都会发生的事，国家推进“海绵城市”计划来解决城市洪涝问题
8．细节理解题。根据第二段 “To solve the problem of urban flooding once and for all, the central government has decided to push forward the "Sponge City" program, which in part borrows the experiences of low-impact development from the United States and Canada in recent years. （为了一劳永逸地解决城市洪涝问题，中央政府决定推进“海绵城市”计划，该计划部分借鉴了美国和加拿大近年来低影响发展的经验。）”由此可知推进“海绵城市”计划是为了解决城市洪涝问题，故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段“The project includes the development of residential communities with storage ponds, filtration pools and wetlands, plus roads and squares built with materials that will allow storm water to soak into the ground more effectively, according to the guideline. （根据指导意见，该项目包括开发带有蓄水池、过滤池和湿地的住宅社区，以及使用材料建造的道路和广场，这些材料将使雨水更有效地渗入地面。）”由此可知，建造道路所用的材料要能使雨水更有效地渗入地面。故选D。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“He also believes low-impact development represents the future of the country's urbanization drive. "It（the dealing with storm water）is an issue of public security. Thus it should be a compulsory requirement when new urban areas are being planned and built," he said.（他还认为，低影响发展代表着中国城市化进程的未来。“这(处理暴雨)是一个公共安全问题。因此，在规划和建设新的城市地区时，这应该是强制性的要求。”）” 由此可推断，低影响发展政策是解决公共安全问题必须要进行的，故选D。
11．主旨大意题。根据第二段 “To solve the problem of urban flooding once and for all, the central government has decided to push forward the "Sponge City" program, which in part borrows the experiences of low-impact development from the United States and Canada in recent years. （为了一劳永逸地解决城市洪涝问题，中央政府决定推进“海绵城市”计划，该计划部分借鉴了美国和加拿大近年来低影响发展的经验。）”由此可知，文章主要描述国家推进“海绵城市”计划来解决城市洪涝问题，故选B。
People with liver(肝)failure may in future recover by being attached to dialysis(透析)equipment to clean their blood of poisonous substances. The idea is similar to kidney dialysis, when people with kidney failure regularly go to a clinic or hospital to have their blood cleaned. Now, a new technique has shown promise in a small clinical trial, where it boosted the recovery process for people with liver failure.
Liver failure can be triggered by infections, drug overdoses, or drinking too much alcohol. One of the liver's main functions is to remove harmful elements from the blood. In severe liver failure, there is a huge build-up of poisons, which can cause damage to other organs and death.
Many poisonous substances from food and drink are transported in the blood. Initial attempts to replace the liver's function have involved simple forms of dialysis, where the blood is passed through a filter containing clean albumin(白蛋白).
This treatment is on offer in certain hospitals globally, but some trials have failed to show it provides benefit. The problem is that people with liver failure make too little albumin and what they do make doesn't function properly, says Agarwal, a doctor from the Royal Free Hospital in London. "Whatever albumin is being produced is of low quality." So Agarwal and his colleagues developed a different approach, removing the poisonous albumin from the individual's blood and replacing it with an adding of fresh albumin.
The technique was tested in 30 people in intensive care with severe liver failure caused by an outburst of alcoholic cirrhosis. Half the group had three to five dialysis sessions, while the rest received conventional care. Ten out of the 15 people who got dialysis recovered after 10 days, compared with five out of the 15 who got the conventional care. The results were presented at the International Liver Congress, which was held virtually at the end of June.
The work is at an early stage, but the results are promising. "We are really desperate to find something to bridge to transplantation." says Tobias Bottler at the University of Freiburg, Germany, who wasn't involved in the trial.
12．What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A．The small trial B．The new technique.
C．The dialysis equipment. D．The poisonous substance
13．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Traditional care is more effective than dialysis in treating liver failure.
B．Dialysis treatment is available in hospitals with its all trials successful.
C．It's hard for people with liver failure to make much high-quality albumin
D．Many poisonous substances from food and air are transported in the blood.
14．What's the attitude of the author towards liver dialysis?
A．Indifferent. B．Negative.
C．Positive D．Suspicious.
15．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Liver Dialysis Is One Step Closer
B．Approaches to Curing Liver Cancer
C．Attempts to Restore the Liver's Function
D．Liver Dialysis Replaces Transplantation
【答案】12．B13．C14．C15．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新的能够促进肝功能衰竭患者的康复过程的肝透析技术。简单介绍了它的工作原理，取得的进展以及前景。
12．词句猜测题。根据第一段最后一句中的“a new technique has shown promise in a small clinical trial”(一项新技术在小型临床试验中显示出了希望)和“boosted the recovery process for people with liver failure ”(促进了肝功能衰竭患者的康复过程)可知，it是指这项新技术，即这项新技术促进了肝功能衰竭患者的康复过程。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“The problem is that people with liver failure make too little albumin and what they do make doesn't function properly”(问题是肝功能衰竭的人产生的白蛋白太少，他们产生的白蛋白不能正常工作)可知，肝功能衰竭的人很难产生高质量的白蛋白。故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“The work is at an early stage, but the results are promising”(这项工作还处于早期阶段，但结果很有希望)可推知，作者对肝透析的态度是很积极的。故选C。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“Now, a new technique has shown promise in a small clinical trial, where it boosted the recovery process for people with liver failure.”(现在，一项新技术在一项小型临床试验中显示出了希望，它促进了肝功能衰竭患者的康复过程。)和第一句 “People with liver（肝）failure may in future recover by being attached to dialysis（透析）equipment to clean their blood of poisonous substances”(肝功能衰竭的患者将来可能会通过依附在透析设备上来清除血液中的有毒物质而康复)可知，文章主要是讲肝透析技术取得了进展。所以选项A “肝透析又进了一步”是最好的标题。故选A。
阅读【重庆市南开中学2021-2022学年高三（2022届）上学期9月考试】
Nothing beats live music, but the venue makes a difference. When you're able to score tickets to an incredible concert in an incredible place, you won't forget the experience. Here are some of the coolest music venues from around the world. If you haven't been to any of these, you've got some traveling to do.
Red Rocks, Morrison, the United States
Red Rocks might be the most beautiful and famous venue in the United States. At 6,450 feet above sea level, Red Rocks is a geologically formed natural stage. Its massive sandstone provides a perfect stage for jam bands. If you're into the blues and jazz, you'll have no trouble finding something in line with your interests.
Meet Factory, Prague, Czech Republic
Smallest venues on this list, Meet Factory is an art gallery, theater, and music venue. The venue only accommodates 1,000 people, so you won't see any huge names come through. Still, it's a great place to see up-and-coming local acts, and if you've got an eye for contemporary art, you'll love your time here.
Arena of NÎmes, NÎmes, France
Originally built around A．D．70, the Arena of Nimes presents concertgoers with an interesting question: Should they enjoy the music, or marvel at the architecture? The Arena is, after all, one of the world's best-preserved Roman theaters. Many major touring acts plan stops at the Arena of Nimes, especially during the venue's annual festival.
Sydney Opera House, Sydney, Australia
The Sydney Opera House is one of the world's most famous performing venues. I's also one of the most distinctive buildings in Sydney, thanks to the breathtaking design by Danish architect Utzon. It hosts about 40 events per week, so whether you're into jazz, rock, classical music, or opera, you'll find something to watch.
1．Where can you enjoy music in natural beauty?
A．At Red Rocks. B．At Meet Factory. C．At Arena of Nimes. D．At Sydney Opera House.
2．What is special about Meet Factory?
A．It enjoys breathtaking scenery. B．It hosts both musical and artistic events.
C．It is the largest venue of all. D．It is famous for contemporary music.
3．What do the listed music venues have in common?
A．They have a long history. B．They are built near the sea.
C．They accommodate thousands of people. D．They are beautiful tourist attractions.
【答案】1．A2．B3．D
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章推荐了四所世界知名的音乐场馆。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Its massive sandstone provides a perfect stage for jam bands. If you're into the blues and jazz, you'll have no trouble finding something in line with your interests.(它巨大的砂岩为乐队提供了一个完美的舞台。 如果你喜欢蓝调和爵士乐，你会很容易找到符合你兴趣的音乐)”可知，在Red Rocks可以欣赏到自然美景中的音乐。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Smallest venues on this list, Meet Factory is an art gallery, theater, and music venue.(Meet Factory是这个列表中最小的场馆，它是一个画廊、剧院和音乐场馆)”可知，Meet Factory的特别之处是它举办音乐和艺术活动。故选B。
3．细节理解题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“If you haven't been to any of these, you've got some traveling to do.”（如果你没有去过这些地方，你就要去旅行）可知，文章推荐了四所世界知名的音乐场馆。Red Rocks建在自然形成的巨石上，风景优美；Meet Factory同时是美术展馆；Arena of Nimes是古罗马式建筑；Sydney Opera House 是美丽的现代建筑。可知，列出的音乐场所的共同之处是它们是美丽的旅游景点。故选D。
Ellie was a skilled gymnast（体操运动员）. But she liked showing off（炫耀））. At the gymnastics tryout（选拔赛）, she put on a perfect performance. "See who can do that! " she said proudly.
The next Friday, the list was posted announcing who had made the team. Ellie's name wasn't on it. "It's unfair. I'm better than all the other girls! " she said. She went to see the coach.
"You are quite talented, but your attitude is terrible, " the coach said. "Making the gymnastics team isn't just about gymnastics. It's also about being on a team. " That night Ellie complained to her parents. Her mother was angry, but her father said that the coach had a point. They had a big argument. Ellie couldn't sleep. She kept thinking about what the coach had said.
Ellie couldn't stay away from the gym, so she practiced alone. One day, after watching Ann fall off the parallel bars（双杠）again and again, Ellie ran to her and explained to Ann what she was doing wrong. Ann did as Ellie suggested and improved. Ellie didn't notice the coach was looking at her. Over the next few months, Ellie always helped the other girls. They did better and better. "We couldn't have done this without Ellie's help, " the girls said.
The following year, Ellie tried out for the gymnastics team again. This time, she was modest. When the girls praised her, she just smiled and thanked them. When the coach posted the list of who had made the team, her name was on it. Ellie and the other girls were all very happy.
4．How did Ellie feel when she went to see the coach?
A．Angry. B．Happy. C．Proud. D．Nervous.
5．Ellie couldn't sleep on the Friday night because ______.
A．she slept too much in the afternoon
B．she had an argument with her mother
C．she was worried about the gymnastics tryout
D．she was thinking about the meanings of the coach's words
6．Which is the right order of the following events?
①Ellie practiced alone. ②Ellie's parents argued.
③Ellie coached other girls. ④Ellie showed off at the gymnastics tryout.
A．③①④② B．③④②① C．④②①③ D．④①③②
7．What's the best title for the text?
A．A serious coach B．A gymnastics team C．Gymnastics tryouts D．Gymnastics competitions
【答案】4．A5．D6．C7．C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文．讲述了体操运动员Ellie由于爱炫耀而在选拔赛中落选，后来她在教练的教导下意识到自身不足，逐步学会帮助别人，有了团队意识．最终在第二年通过选拔赛．
4．推理判断题。根据"It's unfair. I'm better than all the other girls! " she said. She went to see the coach.（“这不公平。我比其他的女孩都好。”她去见教练时说。）可知，她对自己没有被选上而愤愤不平，觉得不公平，因此很生气。故选A。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句"You are quite talented, but your attitude is terrible, " the coach said.（教练说，你很有天赋。但是，你的态度很糟糕。）以及第三段最后一句“Ellie couldn't sleep. She kept thinking about what the coach had said.（Ellie无法入睡，她反复思考教练说的话）”可知，Ellie睡不着，是因为她在想教练为什么这么说。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据第一段“But she liked showing off（炫耀）”可知，文章一开始就指出Ellie喜欢炫耀；然后是参加选拔赛，但是结果落选，回家告知父母。于是“Ellie's parents argued.（Ellie's的父母争论）”。接下来“Ellie couldn't stay away from the gym, so she practiced alone.（Ellie不能远离体育馆，于是她独自训练）”在训练中“after watching Ann fall off the parallel bars（双杠）again and again, Ellie ran to her and explained to Ann what she was doing wrong.（看见Ann从双杠上掉下来，Ellie跑过去给她解释出错的原因）”由此可以看出，Ellie逐渐学会了帮助他人。因此正确的顺序是C. ④②①③。故选C。
7．主旨大意题。全文以选拔赛为线索展开故事，第一次落选是由于她炫耀。她听了教练的忠告后，在训练中学会了帮助别人，逐渐有了团队意识。在第二年选拔赛中获胜。因此文章的标题是Gymnastics tryouts（选拔赛）。故选C。
Children who don’t read proficiently by the end of third grade are far more likely to be left behind in many ways.
The first thing to know about early literacy is that it is critically important; the next, that it connects to a whole lot of other conditions and challenges. But the best thing to know is that there are solutions to the problem of poor reading skills and some smart people working toward them. They could use your help.
“It’s more than an education issue, more than a reading issue,” says Arianne Weldon, director of the Get Georgia Reading Campaign, a collaborative nonprofit founded in 2013. “Getting more kids to read takes more than good schools, more than great teachers, more than loving families. It really does take all of us working together.”
Only 42 percent of Georgia public school children are now reading proficiently by the end of third grade, according to 2019 Georgia Department of Education (DOE) figures — not a great number, but an improvement over the 37 percent recorded in 2015 and lower scores prior to that.
Weldon says children not in that proficiency group are four times more likely to drop out of high school and, further, that every student who doesn’t finish represents an estimated $260,000 in lost earnings and productivity.
“By the end of third grade,” says Mindy Binderman, executive director of Georgia Early Education Alliance for Ready Students, or GEEARS, a nonprofit concerned with early learning, “if children are not reading at grade level, they are less likely to be successful in school, less likely to graduate on time, more likely to engage in risky behavior. The third grade reading marker is such an important indicator of all that comes later and, frankly, all that came before.”
A key national study released by the Annie E. Casey Foundation in 2010 highlighted the reading problem, especially among students from low-income families and children of color; subsequent research has reinforced the correlation between poverty and both reading ability and failure to graduate from high school. Clearly, poverty plays a key role in children’s reading proficiency, influencing the schools they attend and the community resources they can utilize.
Parents’ education level, especially mothers’, is a factor as well. “Maternal education and maternal literacy is a huge predictor of child literacy and educational outcomes,” says Dana Rickman, vice president of the Georgia Partnership for Excellence in Education (GPEE), established by the Georgia Chamber and the Georgia Economic Developers Association to promote and support education. “We’ve got a pretty high adult illiteracy rate in Georgia that a lot of people don’t like talking about.” Improving adult literacy ultimately impacts children’s reading ability.
8．According to the passage, early literacy is important mainly because it ________.
A．indicate how well a child’s brain has been developing
B．explain the reasons why a child drops out of high school
C．tells whether a child may become successful as an adult
D．reports the average educational level of a certain region
9．According to Arianne Weldon, what is the most possible consequence of poor reading skills?
A．Entering schools with fewer resources.
B．Achieving more poorly in high school.
C．Earning less than the ordinary people.
D．Causing more risks in future life.
10．From what Dana Rickman says, we can infer that ________.
A．improving mothers’ education is useful for bettering children’s reading ability
B．exposing children to reading tasks at an early age is part of family support
C．illiteracy rate can be greatly reduced by upgrading children’s communities
D．parents can predict their children’s early literacy based on their resources
11．If this passage has several remaining paragraphs, which of the following is the most probable topic they will cover?
A．Why third grade is seen bu experts as a critical period.
B．How the government may improve parents’ education level.
C．Why adult illiteracy rate is higher in Georgia than in other places.
D．How poverty may influence a child’s future academic development.
【答案】8．C9．C10．A11．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了三年级末阅读不熟练对孩子未来的不良影响和影响阅读能力的因素。
8．细节理解题。由第六段中的“if children are not reading at grade level, they are less likely to be successful in school, less likely to graduate on time, more likely to engage in risky behavior. The third grade reading marker is such an important indicator of all that comes later and, frankly, all that came before. (如果孩子们没有在年级水平上阅读，他们在学校取得成功的可能性就会降低，按时毕业的可能性也会降低，更有可能从事危险行为。三年级的阅读标记是一个非常重要的指标，它显示了后来发生的一切，坦率地说，也反映了以前发生的一切)”可知，早期读写能力决定了能否学业成功，能不能准时毕业，会不会参与危险行为，是后面人生的重要先行指标，它能告诉孩子是否可以成为成功的成年人。故选C项。
9．细节理解题。由第五段“Weldon says children not in that proficiency group are four times more likely to drop out of high school and, further, that every student who doesn’t finish represents an estimated $260,000 in lost earnings and productivity. (Weldon说，不属于这一水平组的孩子高中辍学的可能性要高出四倍，而且，每一个没有完成学业的学生估计会损失26万美元的收入和生产力)”可知，阅读能力差，学生高中会辍学，高中辍学的学生会在收入方面少26万美金，即收入比普通人少。故选C项。
10．推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Parents’ education level, especially mothers’, is a factor as well. “Maternal education and maternal literacy is a huge predictor of child literacy and educational outcomes,” says Dana Rickman (父母的教育水平，尤其是母亲的教育水平也是一个因素。“母亲教育和母亲识字率是儿童识字率和教育成果的一个巨大预测因素，”Dana Rickman说)”和“Improving adult literacy ultimately impacts children’s reading ability. (提高成人识字率最终会影响儿童的阅读能力)”可知，母亲的教育和读写水平对于小孩的读写水平影响很大。由此推知，改善母亲的教育有助于提高儿童的阅读能力。故选A项。
11．推理判断题。由最后一段中的““We’ve got a pretty high adult illiteracy rate in Georgia that a lot of people don’t like talking about.” Improving adult literacy ultimately impacts children’s reading ability. (“我们乔治亚州的成人文盲率相当高，很多人不喜欢谈论这个问题。”提高成人识字率最终会影响儿童的阅读能力)”可知，最后一段讲述了父母的受教育水平影响小孩，乔治亚州的父母受教育水平不高。由此推知，后面会讲政府怎么提高父母的教育水平。故选B项。
Why make a film about Ned Kelly? More ingenious crime than those committed by the reckless Australian bandit are reported very day. What is there in Ned Kelly to justify dragging the mesmeric Mick Jagger so far into the Australian bush and away from his natural haunts? The answer is that the film makers know we always fall for a bandit, and Jagger is set to do for bold Ned Kelly what Brando once did for the arrogant Emiliano Zapata.
The bandit inhabits a special realm of legend where his deeds are embroidered by others; where his death rather than his life is considered beyond belief; where the men who bring him to“justice” are afflicted with doubts about their role.
The bandits had a role to play as definite as that of the authorities who condemned them. These were men in conflict with authority, and, in the absence of strong law or the idea of loyal opposition, they took to the hills. Even there, however, many of them obeyed certain unwritten rules.
There robbers, who claimed to be something more than mere thieves, had in common, firstly, a sense of loyalty and identity with the peasants they came from. They didn’t steal the peasant’s harvest; they did steal the lord’s.
And certain characteristics seem to apply to “social bandits” whether they were in Sicily or Peru. They were generally young men under the age of marriage, predictably the best age for dissidence. Some were simply the surplus male population who had to look for another source of income; others were runway serfs or ex-soldiers; a minority, though the most interesting, were outstanding men who were unwilling to accept the meek and passive role of peasant.
They usually operated in bands between ten and twenty strong and relied for survival on difficult terrain and bad transport. And bandits proposed best where authority was merely local —over the next hill and they were free. Unlike the general run of peasantry they had a taste for flamboyant dress and gesture; but they usually shared the peasants’ religious beliefs and superstitions.
The first sign of a man caught up in the Robin Hood syndrome was when he started out, forced into outlawry as a victim of injustice; and when he then set out to “right wrongs”, first his own and then other people’s. The classic bandit then “take from the rich and gives to the poor” in conformity with his own sense of social justice; he never kills except in self-defense or justifiable place; his people admire and help to protect him; he dies through the treason of one of them; he behaves as of invisible and invulnerable; he is a “loyalist”, never the enemy of the king but only of the local oppressors.
None of the bandits lived up fully to this image of the “noble robber” and for many the claim of larger motives was often a delusion.
Yet amazingly, many of these violent men did behave at least half the time in accordance with this idealist pattern. Pancho Villa in Mexico and Salvatore Giuliano in Italy began their careers harshly victimized. Many of their charitable acts later became legends.
The bandit in the real world is rooted in peasant society and when its simple agricultural system is left behind so is he. But the tales and legends, the books and films continue to appear for an audience that is neither peasant nor bandit. In some ways the characters and deeds of the great bandits could so readily be the stuff of grand opera — Don Jose on “Carmen” is based on the Andalusian bandit El Empranillo. But they are perhaps more at home in folk songs, in popular tales and the ritual dramas of films. When we sit in the darkness of the cinema to watch the bold deeds of Ned Kelly we are caught up in admiration for their strong individuality, their simple gesture of protest, their passion for justice and their confidence that they cannot be beaten. This sustains us nearly as much as it did the almost hopeless people from whom they sprang.
12．Which of the following words is NOT intended to suggest approval of bandits?
A．Bold (Para. 1).
B．Claimed (Para. 4).
C．Legend (Para. 2).
D．Loyalty (Para. 4).
13．Of the following reasons which is the LEAST likely one for becoming bandits?
A．They liked theatrical clothes and behavior.
B．They wanted to help the poor country folk.
C．They were unwilling to accept injustice.
D．They had very few careers open to them.
14．“…began their careers harshly victimized” (Par. 9) means that they _____.
A．had received excessive ill-treatment
B．were severely punished for their crimes
C．took to violence through a sense of injustice
D．were misunderstood by their parents and friends
15．What has made bandits suitable as film heroes is that they_____.
A．are sure they are invincible
B．possess a theatrical quality
C．retain the virtues of a peasant society
D．protest against injustice and inequality
【答案】12．B13．A14．C15．D
【解析】本文是议论文。文章讨论了电影制片人把土匪作为电影主角的原因。
12．推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“These robbers, who claimed to be something more than mere thieves...( 这些强盗，他们声称自己不仅仅是小偷)”可知，claim意为“声称，宣称”，是中性词，无法表示对土匪的认可，故选B；由第一段最后一句中的“the film makers know we always fall for a bandit(电影制作人知道我们总是喜欢绿林好汉)”可知，“Jagger is set to do for bold Ned Kelly what Brando once did for the arrogant Emiliano Zapata(白兰度曾为傲慢的Emiliano Zapata做过的事，如今贾格尔也准备好为大胆的内德·凯利这么做。)”中的bold在这里是褒义，表示土匪内德·凯利的“大胆”，因此排除A；第二段第一个分句指出土匪生活在一个特殊的legend王国，紧接着三个where引导的并列定语从句修饰realm of legend，根据从句的句意可知, legend意为“传奇”，是褒义，表示对土匪的认可，故排除C；第四段第一句提到“There robbers, who claimed to be something more than mere thieves, had in common, firstly, a sense of loyalty and identity with the peasants they came from.(这些强盗，声称自己不仅仅是小偷，有共同之处，他们首先对自己出身的阶级——农民，拥有忠诚感和认同感。)”该句表明这些强盗对农民拥有共同的忠诚感和认同感，紧接着第二句进一步解释了这种忠诚感是指他们偷走的是贵族而不是农民的收成, 由此可知, loyalty为褒义，故排除D。故选B项。
13．细节理解题。第六段最后一句“Unlike the general run of peasantry they had a taste for flamboyant dress and gesture; but they usually shared the peasants’ religious beliefs and superstitions.(不像普通的农民，他们喜欢派头十足的衣服和姿态，但他们通常拥有和农民相同的宗教信仰和迷信。)”可知，不像普通的农民，土匪喜欢派头十足的衣服和姿态，说明了土匪和普通农民的区别，而不是人们成为土匪的原因，故选A项。
14．词句猜测题。根据第九段第一句“Yet amazingly, many of these violent men did behave at least half the time in accordance with this idealist pattern.(然而，令人吃惊的是，这些暴力分子中有许多人至少一半时间的确是在按照这种理想主义模式行事。)”提到这些暴力分子中有许多人至少半数时间的确是在按照这种理想主义模式行事，紧接着第二句“Pancho Villa in Mexico and Salvatore Giuliano in Italy began their careers harshly victimized. Many of their charitable acts later became legends.(墨西哥的潘丘·维拉和意大利的萨尔瓦托·袭连诺由于遭受残酷迫害而开始他们的职业生涯。他们的许多慈善行为后来成为传奇。)”指出墨西哥的潘丘·维拉和意大利的萨瓦托·裘连诺“began their careers harshly victimized”，由此可知第二句是以潘丘·维拉和萨尔瓦托·裘连诺为例说明这些暴力分子是在按照这种理想主义模式行事,也就是说潘丘·维拉和萨尔瓦托·袭连诺开始从事的是暴力事业，即took to violence，而上文第七段具体说明了这种理想主义模式，其中第一句“The first sign of a man caught up in the Robin Hood syndrome was when he started out, forced into outlawry as a victim of injustice(人们染上罗宾汉综合征的第一个迹象是，他刚开始时是作为不公正的受害者而被迫成为非法之徒)”指出人们刚开始时是作为不公正的受害者而被迫成为非法之徒，由此可以推断, harshly victimized是指潘丘·维拉和萨尔瓦托·袭连诺刚开始是由于遭受残酷迫害而感到不公正，从而成为土匪，这与C表述一致。故选C项。
15．推理判断题。第一段最后一句“The answer is that the film makers know we always fall for a bandit, and Jagger is set to do for bold Ned Kelly what Brando once did for the arrogant Emiliano Zapata.( 电影制作人知道我们总是喜欢绿林好汉，白兰度曾为傲慢的埃米利亚诺，萨帕塔做过的事，如今贾格尔也准备好为大胆的内德·凯利这么做。)”可知，电影制作人将土匪作为电影主角；紧接着下文解释了原因是土匪对社会不公的反抗， “劫富济贫”，从而得到人们的钦佩，他们的慈善行为成为传奇，因此推断是土匪抗议不公正和不平等的行为让他们成为适合成为电影主角。故选D项。